{"id": "icb_article_3_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "What does Article 3 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 3 governs 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States'. The constitutional text states: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;\n(b) increase the area of any State;\n(c) diminish the area of any State;\n(d) alter the boundaries of any State;\n(e) alter the name of any State:\nProvided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 3 is titled 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 3 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 3 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;\n(b) increase the area of any State;\n(c) diminish the area of any State;\n(d) alter the boundaries of any State;\n(e) alter the name of any State:\nProvided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 3 का शीर्षक 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States'?", "output": "Article 3", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States' under the provisions of Article 3.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 3", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 3 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 3.", "reasoning": "Article 3 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 3 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 3 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "Summarize Article 3 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 3 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 3 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 3 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 3 (Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States).", "output": "Article Article 3 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by unitin.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 3 ('नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 3 भारत के संविधान में 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by unitin...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "Premise: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;\n(b) increase the area of any State;\n(c) diminish the area of any State;\n(d) alter the boundaries of any State;\n(e) alter the name of any State:\nProvided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.\nExplanation I.—In this article, in clauses (a) to (e), \"State'' includes a Union territory, but in the proviso, \"State'' does not include a Union territory.\nExplanation II.—The power conferred on Parliament by clause (a) includes the power to form a new State or Union territory by uniting a part of any State or Union territory to any other State or Union territory.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States' under Article 3.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "आधार (Premise): Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;\n(b) increase the area of any State;\n(c) diminish the area of any State;\n(d) alter the boundaries of any State;\n(e) alter the name of any State:\nProvided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.\nExplanation I.—In this article, in clauses (a) to (e), \"State'' includes a Union territory, but in the proviso, \"State'' does not include a Union territory.\nExplanation II.—The power conferred on Parliament by clause (a) includes the power to form a new State or Union territory by uniting a part of any State or Union territory to any other State or Union territory.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 3 के तहत 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "Premise: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;\n(b) increase the area of any State;\n(c) diminish the area of any State;\n(d) alter the boundaries of any State;\n(e) alter the name of any State:\nProvided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.\nExplanation I.—In this article, in clauses (a) to (e), \"State'' includes a Union territory, but in the proviso, \"State'' does not include a Union territory.\nExplanation II.—The power conferred on Parliament by clause (a) includes the power to form a new State or Union territory by uniting a part of any State or Union territory to any other State or Union territory.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "आधार (Premise): Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;\n(b) increase the area of any State;\n(c) diminish the area of any State;\n(d) alter the boundaries of any State;\n(e) alter the name of any State:\nProvided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.\nExplanation I.—In this article, in clauses (a) to (e), \"State'' includes a Union territory, but in the proviso, \"State'' does not include a Union territory.\nExplanation II.—The power conferred on Parliament by clause (a) includes the power to form a new State or Union territory by uniting a part of any State or Union territory to any other State or Union territory.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "Premise: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;\n(b) increase the area of any State;\n(c) diminish the area of any State;\n(d) alter the boundaries of any State;\n(e) alter the name of any State:\nProvided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.\nExplanation I.—In this article, in clauses (a) to (e), \"State'' includes a Union territory, but in the proviso, \"State'' does not include a Union territory.\nExplanation II.—The power conferred on Parliament by clause (a) includes the power to form a new State or Union territory by uniting a part of any State or Union territory to any other State or Union territory.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "आधार (Premise): Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;\n(b) increase the area of any State;\n(c) diminish the area of any State;\n(d) alter the boundaries of any State;\n(e) alter the name of any State:\nProvided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.\nExplanation I.—In this article, in clauses (a) to (e), \"State'' includes a Union territory, but in the proviso, \"State'' does not include a Union territory.\nExplanation II.—The power conferred on Parliament by clause (a) includes the power to form a new State or Union territory by uniting a part of any State or Union territory to any other State or Union territory.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 3", "title": "Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 3: Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States\nText: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by unitin...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 3 deals with 'Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries or Names of Existing States' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_3_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 3", "title": "नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 3: नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन\nपाठ: Parliament may by law—\n(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by unitin...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 3 'नए राज्यों का गठन और मौजूदा राज्यों के क्षेत्रों, सीमाओं या नामों में परिवर्तन' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "What does Article 12 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 12 governs 'Definitions'. The constitutional text states: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 12 is titled 'Definitions' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 12 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 12 'परिभाषाएँ' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 12 का शीर्षक 'परिभाषाएँ' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Definitions'?", "output": "Article 12", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Definitions' under the provisions of Article 12.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'परिभाषाएँ' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 12", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 12 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'परिभाषाएँ' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Definitions'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 12.", "reasoning": "Article 12 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Definitions' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'परिभाषाएँ' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 12 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 12 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'परिभाषाएँ' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "Summarize Article 12 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 12 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Definitions'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 12 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 12 'परिभाषाएँ' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 12 (Definitions).", "output": "Article Article 12 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Definitions' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislatu.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 12 ('परिभाषाएँ') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 12 भारत के संविधान में 'परिभाषाएँ' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislatu...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "Premise: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Definitions' under Article 12.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "आधार (Premise): In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 12 के तहत 'परिभाषाएँ' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "Premise: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Definitions'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "आधार (Premise): In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'परिभाषाएँ' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "Premise: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "आधार (Premise): In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 12", "title": "Definitions", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 12: Definitions\nText: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislatu...", "output": "Fundamental Rights", "reasoning": "Article 12 deals with 'Definitions' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Fundamental Rights'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_12_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 12", "title": "परिभाषाएँ", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 12: परिभाषाएँ\nपाठ: In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, “the State’’ includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislatu...", "output": "मौलिक अधिकार", "reasoning": "Article 12 'परिभाषाएँ' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'मौलिक अधिकार' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "What does Article 13 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 13 governs 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights'. The constitutional text states: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 13 is titled 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 13 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 13 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 13 का शीर्षक 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights'?", "output": "Article 13", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights' under the provisions of Article 13.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 13", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 13 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 13.", "reasoning": "Article 13 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 13 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 13 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "Summarize Article 13 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 13 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 13 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 13 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 13 (Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights).", "output": "Article Article 13 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 13 ('मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 13 भारत के संविधान में 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "Premise: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.\n(2) The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by this Part and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of the contravention, be void.\n(3) In this article, unless the context otherwise requires,—\n(a) “law” includes any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law;\n(b) “laws in force” includes laws passed or made by a Legislature or other competent authority in the territory of India before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that any such law or any part thereof may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall apply to any amendment of this Constitution made under article 368\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights' under Article 13.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.\n(2) The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by this Part and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of the contravention, be void.\n(3) In this article, unless the context otherwise requires,—\n(a) “law” includes any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law;\n(b) “laws in force” includes laws passed or made by a Legislature or other competent authority in the territory of India before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that any such law or any part thereof may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall apply to any amendment of this Constitution made under article 368\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 13 के तहत 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "Premise: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.\n(2) The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by this Part and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of the contravention, be void.\n(3) In this article, unless the context otherwise requires,—\n(a) “law” includes any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law;\n(b) “laws in force” includes laws passed or made by a Legislature or other competent authority in the territory of India before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that any such law or any part thereof may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall apply to any amendment of this Constitution made under article 368\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.\n(2) The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by this Part and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of the contravention, be void.\n(3) In this article, unless the context otherwise requires,—\n(a) “law” includes any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law;\n(b) “laws in force” includes laws passed or made by a Legislature or other competent authority in the territory of India before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that any such law or any part thereof may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall apply to any amendment of this Constitution made under article 368\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "Premise: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.\n(2) The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by this Part and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of the contravention, be void.\n(3) In this article, unless the context otherwise requires,—\n(a) “law” includes any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law;\n(b) “laws in force” includes laws passed or made by a Legislature or other competent authority in the territory of India before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that any such law or any part thereof may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall apply to any amendment of this Constitution made under article 368\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.\n(2) The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by this Part and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of the contravention, be void.\n(3) In this article, unless the context otherwise requires,—\n(a) “law” includes any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law;\n(b) “laws in force” includes laws passed or made by a Legislature or other competent authority in the territory of India before the commencement of this Constitution and not previously repealed, notwithstanding that any such law or any part thereof may not be then in operation either at all or in particular areas.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall apply to any amendment of this Constitution made under article 368\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 13", "title": "Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 13: Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights\nText: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the ...", "output": "Fundamental Rights", "reasoning": "Article 13 deals with 'Laws Inconsistent with or in Derogation of the Fundamental Rights' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Fundamental Rights'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_13_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 13", "title": "मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 13: मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून\nपाठ: (1) All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the ...", "output": "मौलिक अधिकार", "reasoning": "Article 13 'मौलिक अधिकारों से असंगत या उनका अल्पीकरण करने वाले कानून' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'मौलिक अधिकार' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "What does Article 15 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 15 governs 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth'. The constitutional text states: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 15 is titled 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 15 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 15 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 15 का शीर्षक 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth'?", "output": "Article 15", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth' under the provisions of Article 15.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 15", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 15 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA public water utility provider funded entirely by public taxpayers restricts access to drinking water wells in a municipal area, permitting only citizens belonging to specific religious groups to draw water.\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential violation of Article 15.", "reasoning": "Article 15 explicitly prohibits discrimination by the State against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth, specifically covering public assets like wells.", "difficulty": "hard", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nपूरी तरह से सार्वजनिक करदाताओं द्वारा वित्त पोषित एक सार्वजनिक जल उपयोगिता प्रदाता एक नगरपालिका क्षेत्र में पीने के पानी के कुओं तक पहुंच को प्रतिबंधित करता है, केवल विशिष्ट धार्मिक समूहों से संबंधित नागरिकों को पानी निकालने की अनुमति देता है।\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "अनुच्छेद 15 का संभावित उल्लंघन।", "reasoning": "अनुच्छेद 15 स्पष्ट रूप से राज्य द्वारा केवल धर्म, मूलवंश, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर किसी भी नागरिक के खिलाफ भेदभाव को प्रतिबंधित करता है, विशेष रूप से कुओं जैसी सार्वजनिक संपत्तियों को कवर करता है।", "difficulty": "hard", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "Summarize Article 15 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 15 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 15 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 15 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 15 (Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth).", "output": "Article Article 15 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 15 ('धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 15 भारत के संविधान में 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "Premise: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with regard to—\n(a) access to shops, public restaurants, hotels and places of public entertainment; or\n(b) the use of wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort maintained wholly or partly out of State funds or dedicated to the use of the general public.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women and children.\n(4) Nothing in this article or in clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.\n(5) Nothing in this article or in sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 shall prevent the State from making any special provision, by law, for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30.\n(6) Nothing in this article or sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 or clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making,—\n(a) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5); and\n(b) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30, which in the case of reservation would be in addition to the existing reservations and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the total seats in each category.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article and article 16, \"economically weaker sections\" shall be such as may be notified by the State from time to time on the basis of family income and other indicators of economic disadvantage.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth' under Article 15.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with regard to—\n(a) access to shops, public restaurants, hotels and places of public entertainment; or\n(b) the use of wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort maintained wholly or partly out of State funds or dedicated to the use of the general public.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women and children.\n(4) Nothing in this article or in clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.\n(5) Nothing in this article or in sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 shall prevent the State from making any special provision, by law, for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30.\n(6) Nothing in this article or sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 or clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making,—\n(a) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5); and\n(b) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30, which in the case of reservation would be in addition to the existing reservations and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the total seats in each category.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article and article 16, \"economically weaker sections\" shall be such as may be notified by the State from time to time on the basis of family income and other indicators of economic disadvantage.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 15 के तहत 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "Premise: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with regard to—\n(a) access to shops, public restaurants, hotels and places of public entertainment; or\n(b) the use of wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort maintained wholly or partly out of State funds or dedicated to the use of the general public.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women and children.\n(4) Nothing in this article or in clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.\n(5) Nothing in this article or in sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 shall prevent the State from making any special provision, by law, for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30.\n(6) Nothing in this article or sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 or clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making,—\n(a) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5); and\n(b) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30, which in the case of reservation would be in addition to the existing reservations and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the total seats in each category.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article and article 16, \"economically weaker sections\" shall be such as may be notified by the State from time to time on the basis of family income and other indicators of economic disadvantage.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with regard to—\n(a) access to shops, public restaurants, hotels and places of public entertainment; or\n(b) the use of wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort maintained wholly or partly out of State funds or dedicated to the use of the general public.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women and children.\n(4) Nothing in this article or in clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.\n(5) Nothing in this article or in sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 shall prevent the State from making any special provision, by law, for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30.\n(6) Nothing in this article or sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 or clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making,—\n(a) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5); and\n(b) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30, which in the case of reservation would be in addition to the existing reservations and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the total seats in each category.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article and article 16, \"economically weaker sections\" shall be such as may be notified by the State from time to time on the basis of family income and other indicators of economic disadvantage.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "Premise: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with regard to—\n(a) access to shops, public restaurants, hotels and places of public entertainment; or\n(b) the use of wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort maintained wholly or partly out of State funds or dedicated to the use of the general public.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women and children.\n(4) Nothing in this article or in clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.\n(5) Nothing in this article or in sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 shall prevent the State from making any special provision, by law, for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30.\n(6) Nothing in this article or sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 or clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making,—\n(a) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5); and\n(b) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30, which in the case of reservation would be in addition to the existing reservations and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the total seats in each category.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article and article 16, \"economically weaker sections\" shall be such as may be notified by the State from time to time on the basis of family income and other indicators of economic disadvantage.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with regard to—\n(a) access to shops, public restaurants, hotels and places of public entertainment; or\n(b) the use of wells, tanks, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort maintained wholly or partly out of State funds or dedicated to the use of the general public.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for women and children.\n(4) Nothing in this article or in clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.\n(5) Nothing in this article or in sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 shall prevent the State from making any special provision, by law, for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30.\n(6) Nothing in this article or sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 or clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making,—\n(a) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5); and\n(b) any special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30, which in the case of reservation would be in addition to the existing reservations and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the total seats in each category.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article and article 16, \"economically weaker sections\" shall be such as may be notified by the State from time to time on the basis of family income and other indicators of economic disadvantage.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 15: Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth\nText: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen ...", "output": "Fundamental Rights", "reasoning": "Article 15 deals with 'Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of Birth' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Fundamental Rights'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_15_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 15: धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध\nपाठ: (1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.\n(2) No citizen ...", "output": "मौलिक अधिकार", "reasoning": "Article 15 'धर्म, नस्ल, जाति, लिंग या जन्म स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव का निषेध' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'मौलिक अधिकार' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "What does Article 16 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 16 governs 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment'. The constitutional text states: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 16 is titled 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 16 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 16 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 16 का शीर्षक 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment'?", "output": "Article 16", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment' under the provisions of Article 16.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 16", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 16 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA municipal school board publishes a recruitment notice for primary teachers stating that only residents born within that specific city will be eligible for appointment to the public offices.\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential violation of Article 16.", "reasoning": "Article 16 guarantees equality of opportunity in public employment and prohibits discrimination based on residence, except as prescribed under a specific parliamentary law under Article 16(3).", "difficulty": "hard", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक नगर निगम स्कूल बोर्ड प्राथमिक शिक्षकों के लिए एक भर्ती सूचना प्रकाशित करता है जिसमें कहा गया है कि केवल उसी विशिष्ट शहर में पैदा हुए निवासी ही सार्वजनिक पदों पर नियुक्ति के लिए पात्र होंगे।\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "अनुच्छेद 16 का संभावित उल्लंघन।", "reasoning": "अनुच्छेद 16 सार्वजनिक रोजगार में अवसर की समानता की गारंटी देता है और निवास स्थान के आधार पर भेदभाव को प्रतिबंधित करता है, सिवाय इसके कि अनुच्छेद 16(3) के तहत एक विशिष्ट संसदीय कानून के तहत निर्धारित किया गया हो।", "difficulty": "hard", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "Summarize Article 16 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 16 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 16 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 16 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 16 (Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment).", "output": "Article Article 16 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No cit.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 16 ('सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 16 भारत के संविधान में 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No cit...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "Premise: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from making any law prescribing, in regard to a class or classes of employment or appointment to an office under the Government of, or any local or other authority within, a State or Union territory, any requirement as to residence within that State or Union territory prior to such employment or appointment.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4A) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion, with consequential seniority, to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4B) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from considering any unfilled vacancies of a year which are reserved for being filled up in that year in accordance with any provision for reservation made under clause (4) or clause (4A) as a separate class of vacancies to be filled up in any succeeding year or years and such class of vacancies shall not be considered together with the vacancies of the year in which they are being filled up for determining the ceiling of fifty per cent. reservation on total number of vacancies of that year.\n(5) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any law which provides that the incumbent of an office in connection with the affairs of any religious or denominational institution or any member of the governing body thereof shall be a person professing a particular religion or belonging to a particular denomination.\n(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the posts in each category.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment' under Article 16.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from making any law prescribing, in regard to a class or classes of employment or appointment to an office under the Government of, or any local or other authority within, a State or Union territory, any requirement as to residence within that State or Union territory prior to such employment or appointment.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4A) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion, with consequential seniority, to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4B) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from considering any unfilled vacancies of a year which are reserved for being filled up in that year in accordance with any provision for reservation made under clause (4) or clause (4A) as a separate class of vacancies to be filled up in any succeeding year or years and such class of vacancies shall not be considered together with the vacancies of the year in which they are being filled up for determining the ceiling of fifty per cent. reservation on total number of vacancies of that year.\n(5) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any law which provides that the incumbent of an office in connection with the affairs of any religious or denominational institution or any member of the governing body thereof shall be a person professing a particular religion or belonging to a particular denomination.\n(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the posts in each category.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 16 के तहत 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "Premise: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from making any law prescribing, in regard to a class or classes of employment or appointment to an office under the Government of, or any local or other authority within, a State or Union territory, any requirement as to residence within that State or Union territory prior to such employment or appointment.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4A) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion, with consequential seniority, to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4B) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from considering any unfilled vacancies of a year which are reserved for being filled up in that year in accordance with any provision for reservation made under clause (4) or clause (4A) as a separate class of vacancies to be filled up in any succeeding year or years and such class of vacancies shall not be considered together with the vacancies of the year in which they are being filled up for determining the ceiling of fifty per cent. reservation on total number of vacancies of that year.\n(5) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any law which provides that the incumbent of an office in connection with the affairs of any religious or denominational institution or any member of the governing body thereof shall be a person professing a particular religion or belonging to a particular denomination.\n(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the posts in each category.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from making any law prescribing, in regard to a class or classes of employment or appointment to an office under the Government of, or any local or other authority within, a State or Union territory, any requirement as to residence within that State or Union territory prior to such employment or appointment.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4A) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion, with consequential seniority, to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4B) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from considering any unfilled vacancies of a year which are reserved for being filled up in that year in accordance with any provision for reservation made under clause (4) or clause (4A) as a separate class of vacancies to be filled up in any succeeding year or years and such class of vacancies shall not be considered together with the vacancies of the year in which they are being filled up for determining the ceiling of fifty per cent. reservation on total number of vacancies of that year.\n(5) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any law which provides that the incumbent of an office in connection with the affairs of any religious or denominational institution or any member of the governing body thereof shall be a person professing a particular religion or belonging to a particular denomination.\n(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the posts in each category.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "Premise: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from making any law prescribing, in regard to a class or classes of employment or appointment to an office under the Government of, or any local or other authority within, a State or Union territory, any requirement as to residence within that State or Union territory prior to such employment or appointment.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4A) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion, with consequential seniority, to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4B) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from considering any unfilled vacancies of a year which are reserved for being filled up in that year in accordance with any provision for reservation made under clause (4) or clause (4A) as a separate class of vacancies to be filled up in any succeeding year or years and such class of vacancies shall not be considered together with the vacancies of the year in which they are being filled up for determining the ceiling of fifty per cent. reservation on total number of vacancies of that year.\n(5) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any law which provides that the incumbent of an office in connection with the affairs of any religious or denominational institution or any member of the governing body thereof shall be a person professing a particular religion or belonging to a particular denomination.\n(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the posts in each category.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.\n(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from making any law prescribing, in regard to a class or classes of employment or appointment to an office under the Government of, or any local or other authority within, a State or Union territory, any requirement as to residence within that State or Union territory prior to such employment or appointment.\n(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4A) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion, with consequential seniority, to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the State.\n(4B) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from considering any unfilled vacancies of a year which are reserved for being filled up in that year in accordance with any provision for reservation made under clause (4) or clause (4A) as a separate class of vacancies to be filled up in any succeeding year or years and such class of vacancies shall not be considered together with the vacancies of the year in which they are being filled up for determining the ceiling of fifty per cent. reservation on total number of vacancies of that year.\n(5) Nothing in this article shall affect the operation of any law which provides that the incumbent of an office in connection with the affairs of any religious or denominational institution or any member of the governing body thereof shall be a person professing a particular religion or belonging to a particular denomination.\n(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the posts in each category.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 16", "title": "Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 16: Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment\nText: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No cit...", "output": "Fundamental Rights", "reasoning": "Article 16 deals with 'Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Fundamental Rights'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_16_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 16", "title": "सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 16: सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता\nपाठ: (1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.\n(2) No cit...", "output": "मौलिक अधिकार", "reasoning": "Article 16 'सार्वजनिक रोजगार के मामलों में अवसर की समानता' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'मौलिक अधिकार' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "What does Article 38 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 38 governs 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People'. The constitutional text states: (1)The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice, social, economic and political, shall inform all the institutions of the national life.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 38 is titled 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 38 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 38 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) राज्य एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था को सुरक्षित और संरक्षित करके लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने का प्रयास करेगा जिसमें न्याय, सामाजिक, आर्थिक और राजनीतिक, राष्ट्रीय जीवन की सभी संस्थाओं को सूचित करेगा।\n(2) राज्य, विशेष रूप से, आय में असमानताओं को कम करने का प्रयास करेगा, और न केवल व्यक्तियों के बीच, बल्कि विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में रहने वाले या विभिन्न व्यवसायों में लगे लोगों के समूहों के बीच भी स्थिति, सुविधाओं और अवसरों में असमानताओं को खत्म करने का प्रयास करेगा।.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 38 का शीर्षक 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People'?", "output": "Article 38", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People' under the provisions of Article 38.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 38", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 38 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 38.", "reasoning": "Article 38 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 38 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 38 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "Summarize Article 38 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 38 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 38 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 38 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 38 (State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People).", "output": "Article Article 38 establishes the fundamental framework for 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1)The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice, so.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 38 ('लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 38 भारत के संविधान में 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) राज्य एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था को सुरक्षित और संरक्षित करके लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने का प्रयास करेगा जिसमें न्याय, सामाजिक, आर्थिक और राजनीतिक, र...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "Premise: (1)The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice, social, economic and political, shall inform all the institutions of the national life.\n(2) The State shall, in particular, strive to minimise the inequalities in income, and endeavour to eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities, not only amongst individuals but also amongst groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People' under Article 38.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) राज्य एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था को सुरक्षित और संरक्षित करके लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने का प्रयास करेगा जिसमें न्याय, सामाजिक, आर्थिक और राजनीतिक, राष्ट्रीय जीवन की सभी संस्थाओं को सूचित करेगा।\n(2) राज्य, विशेष रूप से, आय में असमानताओं को कम करने का प्रयास करेगा, और न केवल व्यक्तियों के बीच, बल्कि विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में रहने वाले या विभिन्न व्यवसायों में लगे लोगों के समूहों के बीच भी स्थिति, सुविधाओं और अवसरों में असमानताओं को खत्म करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 38 के तहत 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "Premise: (1)The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice, social, economic and political, shall inform all the institutions of the national life.\n(2) The State shall, in particular, strive to minimise the inequalities in income, and endeavour to eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities, not only amongst individuals but also amongst groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) राज्य एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था को सुरक्षित और संरक्षित करके लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने का प्रयास करेगा जिसमें न्याय, सामाजिक, आर्थिक और राजनीतिक, राष्ट्रीय जीवन की सभी संस्थाओं को सूचित करेगा।\n(2) राज्य, विशेष रूप से, आय में असमानताओं को कम करने का प्रयास करेगा, और न केवल व्यक्तियों के बीच, बल्कि विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में रहने वाले या विभिन्न व्यवसायों में लगे लोगों के समूहों के बीच भी स्थिति, सुविधाओं और अवसरों में असमानताओं को खत्म करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "Premise: (1)The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice, social, economic and political, shall inform all the institutions of the national life.\n(2) The State shall, in particular, strive to minimise the inequalities in income, and endeavour to eliminate inequalities in status, facilities and opportunities, not only amongst individuals but also amongst groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) राज्य एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था को सुरक्षित और संरक्षित करके लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने का प्रयास करेगा जिसमें न्याय, सामाजिक, आर्थिक और राजनीतिक, राष्ट्रीय जीवन की सभी संस्थाओं को सूचित करेगा।\n(2) राज्य, विशेष रूप से, आय में असमानताओं को कम करने का प्रयास करेगा, और न केवल व्यक्तियों के बीच, बल्कि विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में रहने वाले या विभिन्न व्यवसायों में लगे लोगों के समूहों के बीच भी स्थिति, सुविधाओं और अवसरों में असमानताओं को खत्म करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 38", "title": "State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 38: State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People\nText: (1)The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice, so...", "output": "DPSP", "reasoning": "Article 38 deals with 'State to Secure a Social Order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'DPSP'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_38_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 38", "title": "लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 38: लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य\nपाठ: (1) राज्य एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था को सुरक्षित और संरक्षित करके लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने का प्रयास करेगा जिसमें न्याय, सामाजिक, आर्थिक और राजनीतिक, र...", "output": "राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व", "reasoning": "Article 38 'लोगों के कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक सामाजिक व्यवस्था सुनिश्चित करने के लिए राज्य' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "What does Article 40 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 40 governs 'Organisation of Village Panchayats'. The constitutional text states: The State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 40 is titled 'Organisation of Village Panchayats' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 40 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 40 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: राज्य ग्राम पंचायतों को संगठित करने के लिए कदम उठाएगा और उन्हें ऐसी शक्तियां और अधिकार प्रदान करेगा जो उन्हें स्वशासन की इकाइयों के रूप में कार्य करने में सक्षम बनाने के लिए आवश्यक हों।.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 40 का शीर्षक 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Organisation of Village Panchayats'?", "output": "Article 40", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Organisation of Village Panchayats' under the provisions of Article 40.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 40", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 40 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Organisation of Village Panchayats'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 40.", "reasoning": "Article 40 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Organisation of Village Panchayats' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 40 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 40 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "Summarize Article 40 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 40 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Organisation of Village Panchayats'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 40 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 40 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 40 (Organisation of Village Panchayats).", "output": "Article Article 40 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Organisation of Village Panchayats' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: The State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 40 ('ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 40 भारत के संविधान में 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: राज्य ग्राम पंचायतों को संगठित करने के लिए कदम उठाएगा और उन्हें ऐसी शक्तियां और अधिकार प्रदान करेगा जो उन्हें स्वशासन की इकाइयों के रूप में कार्य करने...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "Premise: The State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Organisation of Village Panchayats' under Article 40.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य ग्राम पंचायतों को संगठित करने के लिए कदम उठाएगा और उन्हें ऐसी शक्तियां और अधिकार प्रदान करेगा जो उन्हें स्वशासन की इकाइयों के रूप में कार्य करने में सक्षम बनाने के लिए आवश्यक हों।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 40 के तहत 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "Premise: The State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Organisation of Village Panchayats'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य ग्राम पंचायतों को संगठित करने के लिए कदम उठाएगा और उन्हें ऐसी शक्तियां और अधिकार प्रदान करेगा जो उन्हें स्वशासन की इकाइयों के रूप में कार्य करने में सक्षम बनाने के लिए आवश्यक हों।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "Premise: The State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य ग्राम पंचायतों को संगठित करने के लिए कदम उठाएगा और उन्हें ऐसी शक्तियां और अधिकार प्रदान करेगा जो उन्हें स्वशासन की इकाइयों के रूप में कार्य करने में सक्षम बनाने के लिए आवश्यक हों।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 40", "title": "Organisation of Village Panchayats", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 40: Organisation of Village Panchayats\nText: The State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function...", "output": "DPSP", "reasoning": "Article 40 deals with 'Organisation of Village Panchayats' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'DPSP'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_40_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 40", "title": "ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 40: ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन\nपाठ: राज्य ग्राम पंचायतों को संगठित करने के लिए कदम उठाएगा और उन्हें ऐसी शक्तियां और अधिकार प्रदान करेगा जो उन्हें स्वशासन की इकाइयों के रूप में कार्य करने...", "output": "राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व", "reasoning": "Article 40 'ग्राम पंचायतों का संगठन' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "What does Article 44 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 44 governs 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens'. The constitutional text states: The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 44 is titled 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 44 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 44 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: राज्य पूरे भारत में नागरिकों के लिए एक समान नागरिक संहिता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास करेगा।.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 44 का शीर्षक 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens'?", "output": "Article 44", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens' under the provisions of Article 44.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 44", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 44 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA petitioner files a public interest litigation asking the High Court to direct the central government to establish a single civil code governing marriage, divorce, and inheritance for all citizens across all states.\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Reference to Article 44.", "reasoning": "Article 44 of the Directive Principles of State Policy directs the State to endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.", "difficulty": "hard", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक याचिकाकर्ता उच्च न्यायालय में एक जनहित याचिका दायर करता है जिसमें केंद्र सरकार को सभी राज्यों के सभी नागरिकों के लिए विवाह, तलाक और विरासत को नियंत्रित करने वाला एक एकल नागरिक संहिता स्थापित करने का निर्देश देने की मांग की जाती है।\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "अनुच्छेद 44 का संदर्भ।", "reasoning": "राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्वों का अनुच्छेद 44 राज्य को भारत के पूरे क्षेत्र में नागरिकों के लिए एक समान नागरिक संहिता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास करने का निर्देश देता है।", "difficulty": "hard", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "Summarize Article 44 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 44 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 44 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 44 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 44 (Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens).", "output": "Article Article 44 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.. This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 44 ('नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 44 भारत के संविधान में 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: राज्य पूरे भारत में नागरिकों के लिए एक समान नागरिक संहिता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास करेगा।। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "Premise: The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens' under Article 44.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य पूरे भारत में नागरिकों के लिए एक समान नागरिक संहिता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 44 के तहत 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "Premise: The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य पूरे भारत में नागरिकों के लिए एक समान नागरिक संहिता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "Premise: The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य पूरे भारत में नागरिकों के लिए एक समान नागरिक संहिता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 44", "title": "Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 44: Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens\nText: The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.", "output": "DPSP", "reasoning": "Article 44 deals with 'Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'DPSP'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_44_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 44", "title": "नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 44: नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता\nपाठ: राज्य पूरे भारत में नागरिकों के लिए एक समान नागरिक संहिता सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास करेगा।", "output": "राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व", "reasoning": "Article 44 'नागरिकों के लिए समान नागरिक संहिता' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "What does Article 48A of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 48A governs 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life'. The constitutional text states: The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 48A is titled 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 48A क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 48A 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: राज्य पर्यावरण की रक्षा और सुधार करने तथा देश के वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा करने का प्रयास करेगा।.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 48A का शीर्षक 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life'?", "output": "Article 48A", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life' under the provisions of Article 48A.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 48A", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 48A के प्रावधानों के तहत 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 48A.", "reasoning": "Article 48A specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 48A की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 48A विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "Summarize Article 48A of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 48A defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 48A का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 48A 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 48A (Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life).", "output": "Article Article 48A establishes the fundamental framework for 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country.. This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 48A ('पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 48A भारत के संविधान में 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: राज्य पर्यावरण की रक्षा और सुधार करने तथा देश के वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा करने का प्रयास करेगा।। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "Premise: The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life' under Article 48A.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य पर्यावरण की रक्षा और सुधार करने तथा देश के वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 48A के तहत 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "Premise: The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य पर्यावरण की रक्षा और सुधार करने तथा देश के वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "Premise: The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "आधार (Premise): राज्य पर्यावरण की रक्षा और सुधार करने तथा देश के वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा करने का प्रयास करेगा।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 48A: Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life\nText: The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country.", "output": "DPSP", "reasoning": "Article 48A deals with 'Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'DPSP'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_48a_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 48A", "title": "पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 48A: पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा\nपाठ: राज्य पर्यावरण की रक्षा और सुधार करने तथा देश के वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा करने का प्रयास करेगा।", "output": "राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व", "reasoning": "Article 48A 'पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा और सुधार तथा वनों और वन्य जीवों की सुरक्षा' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'राज्य के नीति निर्देशक तत्व' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "What does Article 61 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 61 governs 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President'. The constitutional text states: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 61 is titled 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 61 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 61 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 61 का शीर्षक 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President'?", "output": "Article 61", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President' under the provisions of Article 61.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 61", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 61 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 61.", "reasoning": "Article 61 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 61 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 61 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "Summarize Article 61 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 61 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 61 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 61 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 61 (Procedure for Impeachment of the President).", "output": "Article Article 61 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such ch.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 61 ('राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 61 भारत के संविधान में 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such ch...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "Premise: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such charge shall be preferred unless—\n(a) the proposal to prefer such charge is contained in a resolution which has been moved after at least fourteen days' notice in writing signed by not less than one-fourth of the total number of members of the House has been given of their intention to move the resolution, and\n(b) such resolution has been passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House.\n(3) When a charge has been so preferred by either House of Parliament, the other House shall investigate the charge or cause the charge to be investigated and the President shall have the right to appear and to be represented at such investigation.\n(4) If as a result of the investigation a resolution is passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House by which the charge was investigated or caused to be investigated, declaring that the charge preferred against the President has been sustained, such resolution shall have the effect of removing the President from his office as from the date on which the resolution is so passed.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President' under Article 61.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such charge shall be preferred unless—\n(a) the proposal to prefer such charge is contained in a resolution which has been moved after at least fourteen days' notice in writing signed by not less than one-fourth of the total number of members of the House has been given of their intention to move the resolution, and\n(b) such resolution has been passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House.\n(3) When a charge has been so preferred by either House of Parliament, the other House shall investigate the charge or cause the charge to be investigated and the President shall have the right to appear and to be represented at such investigation.\n(4) If as a result of the investigation a resolution is passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House by which the charge was investigated or caused to be investigated, declaring that the charge preferred against the President has been sustained, such resolution shall have the effect of removing the President from his office as from the date on which the resolution is so passed.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 61 के तहत 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "Premise: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such charge shall be preferred unless—\n(a) the proposal to prefer such charge is contained in a resolution which has been moved after at least fourteen days' notice in writing signed by not less than one-fourth of the total number of members of the House has been given of their intention to move the resolution, and\n(b) such resolution has been passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House.\n(3) When a charge has been so preferred by either House of Parliament, the other House shall investigate the charge or cause the charge to be investigated and the President shall have the right to appear and to be represented at such investigation.\n(4) If as a result of the investigation a resolution is passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House by which the charge was investigated or caused to be investigated, declaring that the charge preferred against the President has been sustained, such resolution shall have the effect of removing the President from his office as from the date on which the resolution is so passed.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such charge shall be preferred unless—\n(a) the proposal to prefer such charge is contained in a resolution which has been moved after at least fourteen days' notice in writing signed by not less than one-fourth of the total number of members of the House has been given of their intention to move the resolution, and\n(b) such resolution has been passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House.\n(3) When a charge has been so preferred by either House of Parliament, the other House shall investigate the charge or cause the charge to be investigated and the President shall have the right to appear and to be represented at such investigation.\n(4) If as a result of the investigation a resolution is passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House by which the charge was investigated or caused to be investigated, declaring that the charge preferred against the President has been sustained, such resolution shall have the effect of removing the President from his office as from the date on which the resolution is so passed.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "Premise: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such charge shall be preferred unless—\n(a) the proposal to prefer such charge is contained in a resolution which has been moved after at least fourteen days' notice in writing signed by not less than one-fourth of the total number of members of the House has been given of their intention to move the resolution, and\n(b) such resolution has been passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House.\n(3) When a charge has been so preferred by either House of Parliament, the other House shall investigate the charge or cause the charge to be investigated and the President shall have the right to appear and to be represented at such investigation.\n(4) If as a result of the investigation a resolution is passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House by which the charge was investigated or caused to be investigated, declaring that the charge preferred against the President has been sustained, such resolution shall have the effect of removing the President from his office as from the date on which the resolution is so passed.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such charge shall be preferred unless—\n(a) the proposal to prefer such charge is contained in a resolution which has been moved after at least fourteen days' notice in writing signed by not less than one-fourth of the total number of members of the House has been given of their intention to move the resolution, and\n(b) such resolution has been passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House.\n(3) When a charge has been so preferred by either House of Parliament, the other House shall investigate the charge or cause the charge to be investigated and the President shall have the right to appear and to be represented at such investigation.\n(4) If as a result of the investigation a resolution is passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House by which the charge was investigated or caused to be investigated, declaring that the charge preferred against the President has been sustained, such resolution shall have the effect of removing the President from his office as from the date on which the resolution is so passed.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 61", "title": "Procedure for Impeachment of the President", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 61: Procedure for Impeachment of the President\nText: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such ch...", "output": "Union Government", "reasoning": "Article 61 deals with 'Procedure for Impeachment of the President' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Union Government'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_61_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 61", "title": "राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 61: राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया\nपाठ: (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.\n(2) No such ch...", "output": "संघ सरकार", "reasoning": "Article 61 'राष्ट्रपति पर महाभियोग की प्रक्रिया' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संघ सरकार' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "What does Article 69 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 69 governs 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president'. The constitutional text states: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation in the following form, that is to say —\n“I, A.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 69 is titled 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 69 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 69 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation in the following form, that is to say —\n“I, A.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 69 का शीर्षक 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president'?", "output": "Article 69", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president' under the provisions of Article 69.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 69", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 69 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 69.", "reasoning": "Article 69 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 69 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 69 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "Summarize Article 69 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 69 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 69 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 69 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 69 (Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president).", "output": "Article Article 69 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 69 ('उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 69 भारत के संविधान में 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "Premise: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation in the following form, that is to say —\n“I, A.B., do swear in the name of God / solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established and that I will faithfully discharge the duty upon which I am about to enter.”\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president' under Article 69.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "आधार (Premise): Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation in the following form, that is to say —\n“I, A.B., do swear in the name of God / solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established and that I will faithfully discharge the duty upon which I am about to enter.”\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 69 के तहत 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "Premise: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation in the following form, that is to say —\n“I, A.B., do swear in the name of God / solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established and that I will faithfully discharge the duty upon which I am about to enter.”\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "आधार (Premise): Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation in the following form, that is to say —\n“I, A.B., do swear in the name of God / solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established and that I will faithfully discharge the duty upon which I am about to enter.”\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "Premise: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation in the following form, that is to say —\n“I, A.B., do swear in the name of God / solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established and that I will faithfully discharge the duty upon which I am about to enter.”\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "आधार (Premise): Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation in the following form, that is to say —\n“I, A.B., do swear in the name of God / solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established and that I will faithfully discharge the duty upon which I am about to enter.”\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 69", "title": "Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 69: Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president\nText: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, ...", "output": "Union Government", "reasoning": "Article 69 deals with 'Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-president' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Union Government'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_69_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 69", "title": "उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 69: उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान\nपाठ: Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, ...", "output": "संघ सरकार", "reasoning": "Article 69 'उपराष्ट्रपति द्वारा शपथ या प्रतिज्ञान' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संघ सरकार' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "What does Article 71 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 71 governs 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president'. The constitutional text states: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision shall be final.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 71 is titled 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 71 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 71 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision shall be final.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 71 का शीर्षक 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president'?", "output": "Article 71", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president' under the provisions of Article 71.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 71", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 71 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 71.", "reasoning": "Article 71 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 71 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 71 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "Summarize Article 71 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 71 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 71 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 71 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 71 (Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president).", "output": "Article Article 71 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 71 ('राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 71 भारत के संविधान में 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "Premise: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision shall be final.\n(2) If the election of a person as President or Vice - President is declared void by the Supreme Court, acts done by him in the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of the office of President or Vice - President, as the case may be, on or before the date of the decision of the Supreme Court shall not be invalidated by reason of that declaration.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may by law regulate any matter relating to or connected with the election of a President or Vice - President.\n(4) The election of a person as President or Vice - President shall not be called in question on the ground of the existence of any vacancy for whatever reason among the members of the electoral college electing him\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president' under Article 71.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision shall be final.\n(2) If the election of a person as President or Vice - President is declared void by the Supreme Court, acts done by him in the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of the office of President or Vice - President, as the case may be, on or before the date of the decision of the Supreme Court shall not be invalidated by reason of that declaration.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may by law regulate any matter relating to or connected with the election of a President or Vice - President.\n(4) The election of a person as President or Vice - President shall not be called in question on the ground of the existence of any vacancy for whatever reason among the members of the electoral college electing him\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 71 के तहत 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "Premise: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision shall be final.\n(2) If the election of a person as President or Vice - President is declared void by the Supreme Court, acts done by him in the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of the office of President or Vice - President, as the case may be, on or before the date of the decision of the Supreme Court shall not be invalidated by reason of that declaration.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may by law regulate any matter relating to or connected with the election of a President or Vice - President.\n(4) The election of a person as President or Vice - President shall not be called in question on the ground of the existence of any vacancy for whatever reason among the members of the electoral college electing him\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision shall be final.\n(2) If the election of a person as President or Vice - President is declared void by the Supreme Court, acts done by him in the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of the office of President or Vice - President, as the case may be, on or before the date of the decision of the Supreme Court shall not be invalidated by reason of that declaration.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may by law regulate any matter relating to or connected with the election of a President or Vice - President.\n(4) The election of a person as President or Vice - President shall not be called in question on the ground of the existence of any vacancy for whatever reason among the members of the electoral college electing him\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "Premise: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision shall be final.\n(2) If the election of a person as President or Vice - President is declared void by the Supreme Court, acts done by him in the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of the office of President or Vice - President, as the case may be, on or before the date of the decision of the Supreme Court shall not be invalidated by reason of that declaration.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may by law regulate any matter relating to or connected with the election of a President or Vice - President.\n(4) The election of a person as President or Vice - President shall not be called in question on the ground of the existence of any vacancy for whatever reason among the members of the electoral college electing him\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court whose decision shall be final.\n(2) If the election of a person as President or Vice - President is declared void by the Supreme Court, acts done by him in the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of the office of President or Vice - President, as the case may be, on or before the date of the decision of the Supreme Court shall not be invalidated by reason of that declaration.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may by law regulate any matter relating to or connected with the election of a President or Vice - President.\n(4) The election of a person as President or Vice - President shall not be called in question on the ground of the existence of any vacancy for whatever reason among the members of the electoral college electing him\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 71", "title": "Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 71: Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president\nText: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by...", "output": "Union Government", "reasoning": "Article 71 deals with 'Matters Relating To, or Connected With, the Election of a President or Vice-president' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Union Government'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_71_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 71", "title": "राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 71: राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले\nपाठ: (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President or Vice - President shall be inquired into and decided by...", "output": "संघ सरकार", "reasoning": "Article 71 'राष्ट्रपति या उपराष्ट्रपति के चुनाव से संबंधित या उससे जुड़े मामले' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संघ सरकार' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "What does Article 91 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 91 governs 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman'. The constitutional text states: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman, or, if the office of Deputy Chairman is also vacant, by such member of the Council of States as the President may appoint for the purpose.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 91 is titled 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 91 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 91 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman, or, if the office of Deputy Chairman is also vacant, by such member of the Council of States as the President may appoint for the purpose.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 91 का शीर्षक 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman'?", "output": "Article 91", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman' under the provisions of Article 91.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 91", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 91 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 91.", "reasoning": "Article 91 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 91 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 91 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "Summarize Article 91 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 91 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 91 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 91 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 91 (Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman).", "output": "Article Article 91 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 91 ('उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 91 भारत के संविधान में 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "Premise: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman, or, if the office of Deputy Chairman is also vacant, by such member of the Council of States as the President may appoint for the purpose.\n(2) During the absence of the Chairman from any sitting of the Council of States the Deputy Chairman, or, if he is also absent, such person as may be determined by the rules of procedure of the Council, or, if no such person is present, such other person as may be determined by the Council, shall act as Chairman.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman' under Article 91.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman, or, if the office of Deputy Chairman is also vacant, by such member of the Council of States as the President may appoint for the purpose.\n(2) During the absence of the Chairman from any sitting of the Council of States the Deputy Chairman, or, if he is also absent, such person as may be determined by the rules of procedure of the Council, or, if no such person is present, such other person as may be determined by the Council, shall act as Chairman.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 91 के तहत 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "Premise: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman, or, if the office of Deputy Chairman is also vacant, by such member of the Council of States as the President may appoint for the purpose.\n(2) During the absence of the Chairman from any sitting of the Council of States the Deputy Chairman, or, if he is also absent, such person as may be determined by the rules of procedure of the Council, or, if no such person is present, such other person as may be determined by the Council, shall act as Chairman.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman, or, if the office of Deputy Chairman is also vacant, by such member of the Council of States as the President may appoint for the purpose.\n(2) During the absence of the Chairman from any sitting of the Council of States the Deputy Chairman, or, if he is also absent, such person as may be determined by the rules of procedure of the Council, or, if no such person is present, such other person as may be determined by the Council, shall act as Chairman.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "Premise: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman, or, if the office of Deputy Chairman is also vacant, by such member of the Council of States as the President may appoint for the purpose.\n(2) During the absence of the Chairman from any sitting of the Council of States the Deputy Chairman, or, if he is also absent, such person as may be determined by the rules of procedure of the Council, or, if no such person is present, such other person as may be determined by the Council, shall act as Chairman.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman, or, if the office of Deputy Chairman is also vacant, by such member of the Council of States as the President may appoint for the purpose.\n(2) During the absence of the Chairman from any sitting of the Council of States the Deputy Chairman, or, if he is also absent, such person as may be determined by the rules of procedure of the Council, or, if no such person is present, such other person as may be determined by the Council, shall act as Chairman.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 91", "title": "Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 91: Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman\nText: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the...", "output": "Parliament", "reasoning": "Article 91 deals with 'Power of the Deputy Chairman or Other Person to Perform the Duties of the Office Of, or to Act As, Chairman' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Parliament'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_91_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 91", "title": "उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 91: उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति\nपाठ: (1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the Vice-President is acting as, or discharging the functions of, President, the...", "output": "संसद", "reasoning": "Article 91 'उपाध्यक्ष या अन्य व्यक्ति की कार्यालय के कर्तव्यों का पालन करने या अध्यक्ष के रूप में कार्य करने की शक्ति' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संसद' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "What does Article 100 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 100 governs 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum'. The constitutional text states: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 100 is titled 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 100 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 100 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 100 का शीर्षक 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum'?", "output": "Article 100", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum' under the provisions of Article 100.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 100", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 100 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 100.", "reasoning": "Article 100 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 100 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 100 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "Summarize Article 100 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 100 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 100 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 100 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 100 (Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum).", "output": "Article Article 100 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined b.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 100 ('सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 100 भारत के संविधान में 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined b...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "Premise: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker.\nThe Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes.\n(2) Either House of Parliament shall have power to act notwithstanding any vacancy in the membership thereof, and any proceedings in Parliament shall be valid notwithstanding that it is discovered subsequently that some person who was not entitled so to do sat or voted or otherwise took part in the proceedings.\n(3) Until Parliament by law otherwise provides, the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House of Parliament shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the House. (4) If at any time during a meeting of a House there is no quorum, it shall be the duty of the Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, either to adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until there is a quorum.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum' under Article 100.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker.\nThe Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes.\n(2) Either House of Parliament shall have power to act notwithstanding any vacancy in the membership thereof, and any proceedings in Parliament shall be valid notwithstanding that it is discovered subsequently that some person who was not entitled so to do sat or voted or otherwise took part in the proceedings.\n(3) Until Parliament by law otherwise provides, the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House of Parliament shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the House. (4) If at any time during a meeting of a House there is no quorum, it shall be the duty of the Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, either to adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until there is a quorum.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 100 के तहत 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "Premise: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker.\nThe Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes.\n(2) Either House of Parliament shall have power to act notwithstanding any vacancy in the membership thereof, and any proceedings in Parliament shall be valid notwithstanding that it is discovered subsequently that some person who was not entitled so to do sat or voted or otherwise took part in the proceedings.\n(3) Until Parliament by law otherwise provides, the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House of Parliament shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the House. (4) If at any time during a meeting of a House there is no quorum, it shall be the duty of the Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, either to adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until there is a quorum.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker.\nThe Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes.\n(2) Either House of Parliament shall have power to act notwithstanding any vacancy in the membership thereof, and any proceedings in Parliament shall be valid notwithstanding that it is discovered subsequently that some person who was not entitled so to do sat or voted or otherwise took part in the proceedings.\n(3) Until Parliament by law otherwise provides, the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House of Parliament shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the House. (4) If at any time during a meeting of a House there is no quorum, it shall be the duty of the Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, either to adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until there is a quorum.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "Premise: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker.\nThe Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes.\n(2) Either House of Parliament shall have power to act notwithstanding any vacancy in the membership thereof, and any proceedings in Parliament shall be valid notwithstanding that it is discovered subsequently that some person who was not entitled so to do sat or voted or otherwise took part in the proceedings.\n(3) Until Parliament by law otherwise provides, the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House of Parliament shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the House. (4) If at any time during a meeting of a House there is no quorum, it shall be the duty of the Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, either to adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until there is a quorum.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the Speaker or person acting as Chairman or Speaker.\nThe Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes.\n(2) Either House of Parliament shall have power to act notwithstanding any vacancy in the membership thereof, and any proceedings in Parliament shall be valid notwithstanding that it is discovered subsequently that some person who was not entitled so to do sat or voted or otherwise took part in the proceedings.\n(3) Until Parliament by law otherwise provides, the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House of Parliament shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the House. (4) If at any time during a meeting of a House there is no quorum, it shall be the duty of the Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, either to adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until there is a quorum.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 100", "title": "Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 100: Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum\nText: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined b...", "output": "Parliament", "reasoning": "Article 100 deals with 'Voting in Houses, Power of Houses to Act Notwithstanding Vacancies and Quorum' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Parliament'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_100_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 100", "title": "सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 100: सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम\nपाठ: (1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined b...", "output": "संसद", "reasoning": "Article 100 'सदनों में मतदान, रिक्तियों के बावजूद कार्य करने की सदनों की शक्ति और कोरम' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संसद' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "What does Article 101 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 101 governs 'Vacation of Seats'. The constitutional text states: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chosen a member of both Houses of his seat in one House or the other.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 101 is titled 'Vacation of Seats' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 101 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 101 'सीटों की रिक्ति' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chosen a member of both Houses of his seat in one House or the other.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 101 का शीर्षक 'सीटों की रिक्ति' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Vacation of Seats'?", "output": "Article 101", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Vacation of Seats' under the provisions of Article 101.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'सीटों की रिक्ति' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 101", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 101 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'सीटों की रिक्ति' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Vacation of Seats'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 101.", "reasoning": "Article 101 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Vacation of Seats' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'सीटों की रिक्ति' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 101 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 101 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'सीटों की रिक्ति' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "Summarize Article 101 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 101 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Vacation of Seats'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 101 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 101 'सीटों की रिक्ति' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 101 (Vacation of Seats).", "output": "Article Article 101 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Vacation of Seats' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chos.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 101 ('सीटों की रिक्ति') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 101 भारत के संविधान में 'सीटों की रिक्ति' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chos...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "Premise: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chosen a member of both Houses of his seat in one House or the other.\n(2) No person shall be a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State and if a person is chosen a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State, then, at the expiration of such period as may be specified in rules made by the President, that person's seat in Parliament shall become vacant, unless he has previously resigned his seat in the Legislature of the State.\n(3) If a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) becomes subject to any of the disqualifications mentioned in clause (1) or clause (2) of article 102, or 5\n(b) resigns his seat by writing under his hand addressed to the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, and his resignation is accepted by the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, his seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nhis seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nProvided that in the case of any resignation referred to in sub-clause (b), if from information received or otherwise and after making such inquiry as he thinks fit, the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, is satisfied that such resignation is not voluntary or genuine, he shall not accept such resignation.\n(4) If for a period of sixty days a member of either House of Parliament is without permission of the House absent from all meetings thereof, the House may declare his seat vacant:\nProvided that in computing the said period of sixty days no account shall be taken of any period during which the House is prorogued or is adjourned for more than four consecutive days.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Vacation of Seats' under Article 101.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chosen a member of both Houses of his seat in one House or the other.\n(2) No person shall be a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State and if a person is chosen a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State, then, at the expiration of such period as may be specified in rules made by the President, that person's seat in Parliament shall become vacant, unless he has previously resigned his seat in the Legislature of the State.\n(3) If a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) becomes subject to any of the disqualifications mentioned in clause (1) or clause (2) of article 102, or 5\n(b) resigns his seat by writing under his hand addressed to the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, and his resignation is accepted by the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, his seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nhis seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nProvided that in the case of any resignation referred to in sub-clause (b), if from information received or otherwise and after making such inquiry as he thinks fit, the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, is satisfied that such resignation is not voluntary or genuine, he shall not accept such resignation.\n(4) If for a period of sixty days a member of either House of Parliament is without permission of the House absent from all meetings thereof, the House may declare his seat vacant:\nProvided that in computing the said period of sixty days no account shall be taken of any period during which the House is prorogued or is adjourned for more than four consecutive days.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 101 के तहत 'सीटों की रिक्ति' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "Premise: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chosen a member of both Houses of his seat in one House or the other.\n(2) No person shall be a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State and if a person is chosen a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State, then, at the expiration of such period as may be specified in rules made by the President, that person's seat in Parliament shall become vacant, unless he has previously resigned his seat in the Legislature of the State.\n(3) If a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) becomes subject to any of the disqualifications mentioned in clause (1) or clause (2) of article 102, or 5\n(b) resigns his seat by writing under his hand addressed to the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, and his resignation is accepted by the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, his seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nhis seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nProvided that in the case of any resignation referred to in sub-clause (b), if from information received or otherwise and after making such inquiry as he thinks fit, the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, is satisfied that such resignation is not voluntary or genuine, he shall not accept such resignation.\n(4) If for a period of sixty days a member of either House of Parliament is without permission of the House absent from all meetings thereof, the House may declare his seat vacant:\nProvided that in computing the said period of sixty days no account shall be taken of any period during which the House is prorogued or is adjourned for more than four consecutive days.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Vacation of Seats'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chosen a member of both Houses of his seat in one House or the other.\n(2) No person shall be a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State and if a person is chosen a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State, then, at the expiration of such period as may be specified in rules made by the President, that person's seat in Parliament shall become vacant, unless he has previously resigned his seat in the Legislature of the State.\n(3) If a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) becomes subject to any of the disqualifications mentioned in clause (1) or clause (2) of article 102, or 5\n(b) resigns his seat by writing under his hand addressed to the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, and his resignation is accepted by the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, his seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nhis seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nProvided that in the case of any resignation referred to in sub-clause (b), if from information received or otherwise and after making such inquiry as he thinks fit, the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, is satisfied that such resignation is not voluntary or genuine, he shall not accept such resignation.\n(4) If for a period of sixty days a member of either House of Parliament is without permission of the House absent from all meetings thereof, the House may declare his seat vacant:\nProvided that in computing the said period of sixty days no account shall be taken of any period during which the House is prorogued or is adjourned for more than four consecutive days.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'सीटों की रिक्ति' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "Premise: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chosen a member of both Houses of his seat in one House or the other.\n(2) No person shall be a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State and if a person is chosen a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State, then, at the expiration of such period as may be specified in rules made by the President, that person's seat in Parliament shall become vacant, unless he has previously resigned his seat in the Legislature of the State.\n(3) If a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) becomes subject to any of the disqualifications mentioned in clause (1) or clause (2) of article 102, or 5\n(b) resigns his seat by writing under his hand addressed to the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, and his resignation is accepted by the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, his seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nhis seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nProvided that in the case of any resignation referred to in sub-clause (b), if from information received or otherwise and after making such inquiry as he thinks fit, the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, is satisfied that such resignation is not voluntary or genuine, he shall not accept such resignation.\n(4) If for a period of sixty days a member of either House of Parliament is without permission of the House absent from all meetings thereof, the House may declare his seat vacant:\nProvided that in computing the said period of sixty days no account shall be taken of any period during which the House is prorogued or is adjourned for more than four consecutive days.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chosen a member of both Houses of his seat in one House or the other.\n(2) No person shall be a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State and if a person is chosen a member both of Parliament and of a House of the Legislature of a State, then, at the expiration of such period as may be specified in rules made by the President, that person's seat in Parliament shall become vacant, unless he has previously resigned his seat in the Legislature of the State.\n(3) If a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) becomes subject to any of the disqualifications mentioned in clause (1) or clause (2) of article 102, or 5\n(b) resigns his seat by writing under his hand addressed to the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, and his resignation is accepted by the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, his seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nhis seat shall thereupon become vacant:\nProvided that in the case of any resignation referred to in sub-clause (b), if from information received or otherwise and after making such inquiry as he thinks fit, the Chairman or the Speaker, as the case may be, is satisfied that such resignation is not voluntary or genuine, he shall not accept such resignation.\n(4) If for a period of sixty days a member of either House of Parliament is without permission of the House absent from all meetings thereof, the House may declare his seat vacant:\nProvided that in computing the said period of sixty days no account shall be taken of any period during which the House is prorogued or is adjourned for more than four consecutive days.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 101", "title": "Vacation of Seats", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 101: Vacation of Seats\nText: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chos...", "output": "Parliament", "reasoning": "Article 101 deals with 'Vacation of Seats' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Parliament'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_101_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 101", "title": "सीटों की रिक्ति", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 101: सीटों की रिक्ति\nपाठ: (1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of Parliament and provision shall be made by Parliament by law for the vacation by a person who is chos...", "output": "संसद", "reasoning": "Article 101 'सीटों की रिक्ति' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संसद' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "What does Article 102 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 102 governs 'Disqualifications for Membership'. The constitutional text states: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State, other than an office declared by Parliament by law not to disqualify its holder;\n(b) if he is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;\n(c) if he is an undischarged insolvent;\n(d) if he is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;\n(e) if he is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 102 is titled 'Disqualifications for Membership' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 102 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 102 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State, other than an office declared by Parliament by law not to disqualify its holder;\n(b) if he is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;\n(c) if he is an undischarged insolvent;\n(d) if he is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;\n(e) if he is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 102 का शीर्षक 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Disqualifications for Membership'?", "output": "Article 102", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Disqualifications for Membership' under the provisions of Article 102.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 102", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 102 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Disqualifications for Membership'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 102.", "reasoning": "Article 102 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Disqualifications for Membership' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 102 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 102 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "Summarize Article 102 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 102 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Disqualifications for Membership'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 102 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 102 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 102 (Disqualifications for Membership).", "output": "Article Article 102 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Disqualifications for Membership' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit u.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 102 ('सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 102 भारत के संविधान में 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit u...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "Premise: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State, other than an office declared by Parliament by law not to disqualify its holder;\n(b) if he is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;\n(c) if he is an undischarged insolvent;\n(d) if he is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;\n(e) if he is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament.\nExplanation.— For the purposes of this clause a person shall not be deemed to hold an office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State by reason only that he is a Minister either for the Union or for such State.\n(2) A person shall be disqualified for being a member of either House of Parliament if he is so disqualified under the Tenth Schedule.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Disqualifications for Membership' under Article 102.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State, other than an office declared by Parliament by law not to disqualify its holder;\n(b) if he is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;\n(c) if he is an undischarged insolvent;\n(d) if he is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;\n(e) if he is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament.\nExplanation.— For the purposes of this clause a person shall not be deemed to hold an office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State by reason only that he is a Minister either for the Union or for such State.\n(2) A person shall be disqualified for being a member of either House of Parliament if he is so disqualified under the Tenth Schedule.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 102 के तहत 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "Premise: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State, other than an office declared by Parliament by law not to disqualify its holder;\n(b) if he is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;\n(c) if he is an undischarged insolvent;\n(d) if he is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;\n(e) if he is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament.\nExplanation.— For the purposes of this clause a person shall not be deemed to hold an office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State by reason only that he is a Minister either for the Union or for such State.\n(2) A person shall be disqualified for being a member of either House of Parliament if he is so disqualified under the Tenth Schedule.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Disqualifications for Membership'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State, other than an office declared by Parliament by law not to disqualify its holder;\n(b) if he is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;\n(c) if he is an undischarged insolvent;\n(d) if he is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;\n(e) if he is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament.\nExplanation.— For the purposes of this clause a person shall not be deemed to hold an office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State by reason only that he is a Minister either for the Union or for such State.\n(2) A person shall be disqualified for being a member of either House of Parliament if he is so disqualified under the Tenth Schedule.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "Premise: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State, other than an office declared by Parliament by law not to disqualify its holder;\n(b) if he is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;\n(c) if he is an undischarged insolvent;\n(d) if he is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;\n(e) if he is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament.\nExplanation.— For the purposes of this clause a person shall not be deemed to hold an office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State by reason only that he is a Minister either for the Union or for such State.\n(2) A person shall be disqualified for being a member of either House of Parliament if he is so disqualified under the Tenth Schedule.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State, other than an office declared by Parliament by law not to disqualify its holder;\n(b) if he is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;\n(c) if he is an undischarged insolvent;\n(d) if he is not a citizen of India, or has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a foreign State, or is under any acknowledgment of allegiance or adherence to a foreign State;\n(e) if he is so disqualified by or under any law made by Parliament.\nExplanation.— For the purposes of this clause a person shall not be deemed to hold an office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State by reason only that he is a Minister either for the Union or for such State.\n(2) A person shall be disqualified for being a member of either House of Parliament if he is so disqualified under the Tenth Schedule.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 102", "title": "Disqualifications for Membership", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 102: Disqualifications for Membership\nText: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit u...", "output": "Parliament", "reasoning": "Article 102 deals with 'Disqualifications for Membership' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Parliament'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_102_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 102", "title": "सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 102: सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं\nपाठ: (1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament —\n(a) if he holds any office of profit u...", "output": "संसद", "reasoning": "Article 102 'सदस्यता के लिए अयोग्यताएं' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संसद' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "What does Article 104 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 104 governs 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified'. The constitutional text states: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that he is not qualified or that he is disqualified for membership thereof, or that he is prohibited from so doing by the provisions of any law made by Parliament, he shall be liable in respect of each day on which he so sits or votes to a penalty of five hundred rupees to be recovered as a debt due to the Union.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 104 is titled 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 104 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 104 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that he is not qualified or that he is disqualified for membership thereof, or that he is prohibited from so doing by the provisions of any law made by Parliament, he shall be liable in respect of each day on which he so sits or votes to a penalty of five hundred rupees to be recovered as a debt due to the Union.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 104 का शीर्षक 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified'?", "output": "Article 104", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified' under the provisions of Article 104.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 104", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 104 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 104.", "reasoning": "Article 104 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 104 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 104 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "Summarize Article 104 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 104 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 104 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 104 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 104 (Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified).", "output": "Article Article 104 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 104 ('अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 104 भारत के संविधान में 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "Premise: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that he is not qualified or that he is disqualified for membership thereof, or that he is prohibited from so doing by the provisions of any law made by Parliament, he shall be liable in respect of each day on which he so sits or votes to a penalty of five hundred rupees to be recovered as a debt due to the Union.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified' under Article 104.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "आधार (Premise): If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that he is not qualified or that he is disqualified for membership thereof, or that he is prohibited from so doing by the provisions of any law made by Parliament, he shall be liable in respect of each day on which he so sits or votes to a penalty of five hundred rupees to be recovered as a debt due to the Union.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 104 के तहत 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "Premise: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that he is not qualified or that he is disqualified for membership thereof, or that he is prohibited from so doing by the provisions of any law made by Parliament, he shall be liable in respect of each day on which he so sits or votes to a penalty of five hundred rupees to be recovered as a debt due to the Union.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "आधार (Premise): If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that he is not qualified or that he is disqualified for membership thereof, or that he is prohibited from so doing by the provisions of any law made by Parliament, he shall be liable in respect of each day on which he so sits or votes to a penalty of five hundred rupees to be recovered as a debt due to the Union.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "Premise: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that he is not qualified or that he is disqualified for membership thereof, or that he is prohibited from so doing by the provisions of any law made by Parliament, he shall be liable in respect of each day on which he so sits or votes to a penalty of five hundred rupees to be recovered as a debt due to the Union.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "आधार (Premise): If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that he is not qualified or that he is disqualified for membership thereof, or that he is prohibited from so doing by the provisions of any law made by Parliament, he shall be liable in respect of each day on which he so sits or votes to a penalty of five hundred rupees to be recovered as a debt due to the Union.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 104", "title": "Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 104: Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified\nText: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that ...", "output": "Parliament", "reasoning": "Article 104 deals with 'Penalty for Sitting and Voting Before Making Oath or Affirmation Under Article 99 or When Not Qualified or When Disqualified' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Parliament'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_104_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 104", "title": "अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 104: अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना\nपाठ: If a person sits or votes as a member of either House of Parliament before he has complied with the requirements of article 99, or when he knows that ...", "output": "संसद", "reasoning": "Article 104 'अनुच्छेद 99 के तहत शपथ लेने या प्रतिज्ञान करने से पहले बैठने और मतदान करने के लिए दंड, या जब योग्य न हो या अयोग्य हो तो जुर्माना' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संसद' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "What does Article 109 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 109 governs 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills'. The constitutional text states: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 109 is titled 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 109 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 109 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 109 का शीर्षक 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills'?", "output": "Article 109", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills' under the provisions of Article 109.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 109", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 109 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 109.", "reasoning": "Article 109 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 109 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 109 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "Summarize Article 109 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 109 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 109 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 109 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 109 (Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills).", "output": "Article Article 109 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be trans.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 109 ('धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 109 भारत के संविधान में 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be trans...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "Premise: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations and the Council of States shall within a period of fourteen days from the date of its receipt of the Bill return the Bill to the House of the People with its recommendations and the House of the People may thereupon either accept or reject all or any of the recommendations of the Council of States.\n(3) If the House of the People accepts any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses with the amendments recommended by the Council of States and accepted by the House of the People.\n(4) If the House of the People does not accept any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People without any of the amendments recommended by the Council of States.\n(5) If a Money Bill passed by the House of the People and transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations is not returned to the House of the People within the said period of fourteen days, it shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills' under Article 109.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations and the Council of States shall within a period of fourteen days from the date of its receipt of the Bill return the Bill to the House of the People with its recommendations and the House of the People may thereupon either accept or reject all or any of the recommendations of the Council of States.\n(3) If the House of the People accepts any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses with the amendments recommended by the Council of States and accepted by the House of the People.\n(4) If the House of the People does not accept any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People without any of the amendments recommended by the Council of States.\n(5) If a Money Bill passed by the House of the People and transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations is not returned to the House of the People within the said period of fourteen days, it shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 109 के तहत 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "Premise: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations and the Council of States shall within a period of fourteen days from the date of its receipt of the Bill return the Bill to the House of the People with its recommendations and the House of the People may thereupon either accept or reject all or any of the recommendations of the Council of States.\n(3) If the House of the People accepts any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses with the amendments recommended by the Council of States and accepted by the House of the People.\n(4) If the House of the People does not accept any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People without any of the amendments recommended by the Council of States.\n(5) If a Money Bill passed by the House of the People and transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations is not returned to the House of the People within the said period of fourteen days, it shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations and the Council of States shall within a period of fourteen days from the date of its receipt of the Bill return the Bill to the House of the People with its recommendations and the House of the People may thereupon either accept or reject all or any of the recommendations of the Council of States.\n(3) If the House of the People accepts any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses with the amendments recommended by the Council of States and accepted by the House of the People.\n(4) If the House of the People does not accept any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People without any of the amendments recommended by the Council of States.\n(5) If a Money Bill passed by the House of the People and transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations is not returned to the House of the People within the said period of fourteen days, it shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "Premise: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations and the Council of States shall within a period of fourteen days from the date of its receipt of the Bill return the Bill to the House of the People with its recommendations and the House of the People may thereupon either accept or reject all or any of the recommendations of the Council of States.\n(3) If the House of the People accepts any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses with the amendments recommended by the Council of States and accepted by the House of the People.\n(4) If the House of the People does not accept any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People without any of the amendments recommended by the Council of States.\n(5) If a Money Bill passed by the House of the People and transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations is not returned to the House of the People within the said period of fourteen days, it shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations and the Council of States shall within a period of fourteen days from the date of its receipt of the Bill return the Bill to the House of the People with its recommendations and the House of the People may thereupon either accept or reject all or any of the recommendations of the Council of States.\n(3) If the House of the People accepts any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses with the amendments recommended by the Council of States and accepted by the House of the People.\n(4) If the House of the People does not accept any of the recommendations of the Council of States, the Money Bill shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People without any of the amendments recommended by the Council of States.\n(5) If a Money Bill passed by the House of the People and transmitted to the Council of States for its recommendations is not returned to the House of the People within the said period of fourteen days, it shall be deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by the House of the People.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 109", "title": "Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 109: Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills\nText: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be trans...", "output": "Parliament", "reasoning": "Article 109 deals with 'Special Procedure in Respect of Money Bills' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Parliament'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_109_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 109", "title": "धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 109: धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया\nपाठ: (1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in the Council of States.\n(2) After a Money Bill has been passed by the House of the People it shall be trans...", "output": "संसद", "reasoning": "Article 109 'धन विधेयक के संबंध में विशेष प्रक्रिया' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संसद' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "What does Article 115 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 115 governs 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants'. The constitutional text states: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for the purposes of that year or when a need has arisen during the current financial year for supplementary or additional expenditure upon some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year, or\n(b) if any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted for that service and for that year,\ncause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure or cause to be presented to the House of the People a demand for such excess, as the case may be.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 115 is titled 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 115 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 115 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for the purposes of that year or when a need has arisen during the current financial year for supplementary or additional expenditure upon some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year, or\n(b) if any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted for that service and for that year,\ncause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure or cause to be presented to the House of the People a demand for such excess, as the case may be.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 115 का शीर्षक 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants'?", "output": "Article 115", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants' under the provisions of Article 115.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 115", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 115 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 115.", "reasoning": "Article 115 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 115 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 115 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "Summarize Article 115 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 115 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 115 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 115 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 115 (Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants).", "output": "Article Article 115 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particula.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 115 ('अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 115 भारत के संविधान में 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particula...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "Premise: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for the purposes of that year or when a need has arisen during the current financial year for supplementary or additional expenditure upon some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year, or\n(b) if any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted for that service and for that year,\ncause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure or cause to be presented to the House of the People a demand for such excess, as the case may be.\n(2) The provisions of articles 112, 113 and 114 shall have effect in relation to any such statement and expenditure or demand and also to any law to be made authorising the appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or the grant in respect of such demand as they have effect in relation to the annual financial statement and the expenditure mentioned therein or to a demand for a grant and the law to be made for the authorisation of appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or grant.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants' under Article 115.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for the purposes of that year or when a need has arisen during the current financial year for supplementary or additional expenditure upon some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year, or\n(b) if any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted for that service and for that year,\ncause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure or cause to be presented to the House of the People a demand for such excess, as the case may be.\n(2) The provisions of articles 112, 113 and 114 shall have effect in relation to any such statement and expenditure or demand and also to any law to be made authorising the appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or the grant in respect of such demand as they have effect in relation to the annual financial statement and the expenditure mentioned therein or to a demand for a grant and the law to be made for the authorisation of appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or grant.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 115 के तहत 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "Premise: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for the purposes of that year or when a need has arisen during the current financial year for supplementary or additional expenditure upon some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year, or\n(b) if any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted for that service and for that year,\ncause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure or cause to be presented to the House of the People a demand for such excess, as the case may be.\n(2) The provisions of articles 112, 113 and 114 shall have effect in relation to any such statement and expenditure or demand and also to any law to be made authorising the appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or the grant in respect of such demand as they have effect in relation to the annual financial statement and the expenditure mentioned therein or to a demand for a grant and the law to be made for the authorisation of appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or grant.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for the purposes of that year or when a need has arisen during the current financial year for supplementary or additional expenditure upon some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year, or\n(b) if any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted for that service and for that year,\ncause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure or cause to be presented to the House of the People a demand for such excess, as the case may be.\n(2) The provisions of articles 112, 113 and 114 shall have effect in relation to any such statement and expenditure or demand and also to any law to be made authorising the appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or the grant in respect of such demand as they have effect in relation to the annual financial statement and the expenditure mentioned therein or to a demand for a grant and the law to be made for the authorisation of appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or grant.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "Premise: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for the purposes of that year or when a need has arisen during the current financial year for supplementary or additional expenditure upon some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year, or\n(b) if any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted for that service and for that year,\ncause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure or cause to be presented to the House of the People a demand for such excess, as the case may be.\n(2) The provisions of articles 112, 113 and 114 shall have effect in relation to any such statement and expenditure or demand and also to any law to be made authorising the appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or the grant in respect of such demand as they have effect in relation to the annual financial statement and the expenditure mentioned therein or to a demand for a grant and the law to be made for the authorisation of appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or grant.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be insufficient for the purposes of that year or when a need has arisen during the current financial year for supplementary or additional expenditure upon some new service not contemplated in the annual financial statement for that year, or\n(b) if any money has been spent on any service during a financial year in excess of the amount granted for that service and for that year,\ncause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament another statement showing the estimated amount of that expenditure or cause to be presented to the House of the People a demand for such excess, as the case may be.\n(2) The provisions of articles 112, 113 and 114 shall have effect in relation to any such statement and expenditure or demand and also to any law to be made authorising the appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or the grant in respect of such demand as they have effect in relation to the annual financial statement and the expenditure mentioned therein or to a demand for a grant and the law to be made for the authorisation of appropriation of moneys out of the Consolidated Fund of India to meet such expenditure or grant.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 115", "title": "Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 115: Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants\nText: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particula...", "output": "Parliament", "reasoning": "Article 115 deals with 'Supplementary, Additional or Excess Grants' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Parliament'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_115_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 115", "title": "अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 115: अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान\nपाठ: (1) The President shall —\n(a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of article 114 to be expended for a particula...", "output": "संसद", "reasoning": "Article 115 'अनुपूरक, अतिरिक्त या अतिरिक्त अनुदान' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संसद' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "What does Article 130 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 130 governs 'Seat of Supreme Court'. The constitutional text states: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time, appoint.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 130 is titled 'Seat of Supreme Court' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 130 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 130 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time, appoint.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 130 का शीर्षक 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Seat of Supreme Court'?", "output": "Article 130", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Seat of Supreme Court' under the provisions of Article 130.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 130", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 130 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Seat of Supreme Court'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 130.", "reasoning": "Article 130 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Seat of Supreme Court' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 130 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 130 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "Summarize Article 130 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 130 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Seat of Supreme Court'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 130 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 130 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 130 (Seat of Supreme Court).", "output": "Article Article 130 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Seat of Supreme Court' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from tim.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 130 ('सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 130 भारत के संविधान में 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from tim...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "Premise: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time, appoint.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Seat of Supreme Court' under Article 130.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "आधार (Premise): The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time, appoint.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 130 के तहत 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "Premise: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time, appoint.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Seat of Supreme Court'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "आधार (Premise): The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time, appoint.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "Premise: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time, appoint.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "आधार (Premise): The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from time to time, appoint.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 130", "title": "Seat of Supreme Court", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 130: Seat of Supreme Court\nText: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from tim...", "output": "Judiciary", "reasoning": "Article 130 deals with 'Seat of Supreme Court' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_130_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 130", "title": "सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 130: सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट\nपाठ: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President, from tim...", "output": "न्यायपालिका", "reasoning": "Article 130 'सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सीट' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "What does Article 132 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 132 governs 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases'. The constitutional text states: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, criminal or other proceeding, if the High Court certifies under article 134A that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 132 is titled 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 132 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 132 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, criminal or other proceeding, if the High Court certifies under article 134A that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 132 का शीर्षक 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases'?", "output": "Article 132", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases' under the provisions of Article 132.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 132", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 132 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 132.", "reasoning": "Article 132 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 132 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 132 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "Summarize Article 132 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 132 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 132 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 132 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 132 (Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases).", "output": "Article Article 132 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, c.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 132 ('कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 132 भारत के संविधान में 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, c...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "Premise: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, criminal or other proceeding, if the High Court certifies under article 134A that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution.\n(3) Where such a certificate is given, any party in the case may appeal to the Supreme Court on the ground that any such question as aforesaid has been wrongly decided.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article, the expression “final order” includes an order deciding an issue which, if decided in favour of the appellant, would be sufficient for the final disposal of the case.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases' under Article 132.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, criminal or other proceeding, if the High Court certifies under article 134A that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution.\n(3) Where such a certificate is given, any party in the case may appeal to the Supreme Court on the ground that any such question as aforesaid has been wrongly decided.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article, the expression “final order” includes an order deciding an issue which, if decided in favour of the appellant, would be sufficient for the final disposal of the case.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 132 के तहत 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "Premise: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, criminal or other proceeding, if the High Court certifies under article 134A that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution.\n(3) Where such a certificate is given, any party in the case may appeal to the Supreme Court on the ground that any such question as aforesaid has been wrongly decided.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article, the expression “final order” includes an order deciding an issue which, if decided in favour of the appellant, would be sufficient for the final disposal of the case.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, criminal or other proceeding, if the High Court certifies under article 134A that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution.\n(3) Where such a certificate is given, any party in the case may appeal to the Supreme Court on the ground that any such question as aforesaid has been wrongly decided.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article, the expression “final order” includes an order deciding an issue which, if decided in favour of the appellant, would be sufficient for the final disposal of the case.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "Premise: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, criminal or other proceeding, if the High Court certifies under article 134A that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution.\n(3) Where such a certificate is given, any party in the case may appeal to the Supreme Court on the ground that any such question as aforesaid has been wrongly decided.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article, the expression “final order” includes an order deciding an issue which, if decided in favour of the appellant, would be sufficient for the final disposal of the case.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, criminal or other proceeding, if the High Court certifies under article 134A that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution.\n(3) Where such a certificate is given, any party in the case may appeal to the Supreme Court on the ground that any such question as aforesaid has been wrongly decided.\nExplanation.—For the purposes of this article, the expression “final order” includes an order deciding an issue which, if decided in favour of the appellant, would be sufficient for the final disposal of the case.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 132", "title": "Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 132: Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases\nText: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, c...", "output": "Judiciary", "reasoning": "Article 132 deals with 'Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court in Appeals from High Courts in Certain Cases' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_132_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 132", "title": "कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 132: कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार\nपाठ: (1) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree or final order of a High Court in the territory of India, whether in a civil, c...", "output": "न्यायपालिका", "reasoning": "Article 132 'कुछ मामलों में उच्च न्यायालयों से अपील में सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का अपीलीय क्षेत्राधिकार' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "What does Article 162 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 162 governs 'Extent of Executive Power of State'. The constitutional text states: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws:\nProvided that in any matter with respect to which the Legislature of a State and Parliament have power to make laws, the executive power of the State shall be subject to, and limited by, the executive power expressly conferred by this Constitution or by any law made by Parliament upon the Union or authorities thereof.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 162 is titled 'Extent of Executive Power of State' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 162 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 162 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws:\nProvided that in any matter with respect to which the Legislature of a State and Parliament have power to make laws, the executive power of the State shall be subject to, and limited by, the executive power expressly conferred by this Constitution or by any law made by Parliament upon the Union or authorities thereof.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 162 का शीर्षक 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Extent of Executive Power of State'?", "output": "Article 162", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Extent of Executive Power of State' under the provisions of Article 162.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 162", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 162 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Extent of Executive Power of State'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 162.", "reasoning": "Article 162 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Extent of Executive Power of State' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 162 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 162 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "Summarize Article 162 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 162 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Extent of Executive Power of State'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 162 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 162 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 162 (Extent of Executive Power of State).", "output": "Article Article 162 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Extent of Executive Power of State' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of th.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 162 ('राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 162 भारत के संविधान में 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of th...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "Premise: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws:\nProvided that in any matter with respect to which the Legislature of a State and Parliament have power to make laws, the executive power of the State shall be subject to, and limited by, the executive power expressly conferred by this Constitution or by any law made by Parliament upon the Union or authorities thereof.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Extent of Executive Power of State' under Article 162.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "आधार (Premise): Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws:\nProvided that in any matter with respect to which the Legislature of a State and Parliament have power to make laws, the executive power of the State shall be subject to, and limited by, the executive power expressly conferred by this Constitution or by any law made by Parliament upon the Union or authorities thereof.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 162 के तहत 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "Premise: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws:\nProvided that in any matter with respect to which the Legislature of a State and Parliament have power to make laws, the executive power of the State shall be subject to, and limited by, the executive power expressly conferred by this Constitution or by any law made by Parliament upon the Union or authorities thereof.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Extent of Executive Power of State'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "आधार (Premise): Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws:\nProvided that in any matter with respect to which the Legislature of a State and Parliament have power to make laws, the executive power of the State shall be subject to, and limited by, the executive power expressly conferred by this Constitution or by any law made by Parliament upon the Union or authorities thereof.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "Premise: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws:\nProvided that in any matter with respect to which the Legislature of a State and Parliament have power to make laws, the executive power of the State shall be subject to, and limited by, the executive power expressly conferred by this Constitution or by any law made by Parliament upon the Union or authorities thereof.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "आधार (Premise): Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of the State has power to make laws:\nProvided that in any matter with respect to which the Legislature of a State and Parliament have power to make laws, the executive power of the State shall be subject to, and limited by, the executive power expressly conferred by this Constitution or by any law made by Parliament upon the Union or authorities thereof.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 162", "title": "Extent of Executive Power of State", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 162: Extent of Executive Power of State\nText: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of th...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 162 deals with 'Extent of Executive Power of State' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_162_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 162", "title": "राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 162: राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार\nपाठ: Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of th...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 162 'राज्य की कार्यकारी शक्ति का विस्तार' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "What does Article 202 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 202 governs 'Annual Financial Statement'. The constitutional text states: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the State for that year, in this Part referred to as the \"annual financial statement\".", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 202 is titled 'Annual Financial Statement' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 202 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 202 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the State for that year, in this Part referred to as the \"annual financial statement\".", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 202 का शीर्षक 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Annual Financial Statement'?", "output": "Article 202", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Annual Financial Statement' under the provisions of Article 202.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 202", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 202 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Annual Financial Statement'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 202.", "reasoning": "Article 202 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Annual Financial Statement' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 202 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 202 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "Summarize Article 202 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 202 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Annual Financial Statement'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 202 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 202 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 202 (Annual Financial Statement).", "output": "Article Article 202 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Annual Financial Statement' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of t.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 202 ('वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 202 भारत के संविधान में 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of t...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "Premise: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the State for that year, in this Part referred to as the \"annual financial statement\".\n(2) The estimates of expenditure embodied in the annual financial statement shall show separately —\n(a) the sums required to meet expenditure described by this Constitution as expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State; and\n(b) the sums required to meet other expenditure proposed to be made from the Consolidated Fund of the State; and shall distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure.\n(3) The following expenditure shall be expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of each State —\n(a) the emoluments and allowances of the Governor and other expenditure relating to his office;\n(b) the salaries and allowances of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and, in the case of a State having a Legislative Council, also of the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council;\n(c) debt charges for which the State is liable including interest, sinking fund charges and redemption charges, and other expenditure relating to the raising of loans and the service and redemption of debt;\n(d) expenditure in respect of the salaries and allowances of Judges of any High Court;\n(e) any sums required to satisfy any judgment, decree or award of any court or arbitral tribunal;\n(f) any other expenditure declared by this Constitution, or by the Legislature of the State by law, to be so charged.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Annual Financial Statement' under Article 202.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the State for that year, in this Part referred to as the \"annual financial statement\".\n(2) The estimates of expenditure embodied in the annual financial statement shall show separately —\n(a) the sums required to meet expenditure described by this Constitution as expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State; and\n(b) the sums required to meet other expenditure proposed to be made from the Consolidated Fund of the State; and shall distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure.\n(3) The following expenditure shall be expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of each State —\n(a) the emoluments and allowances of the Governor and other expenditure relating to his office;\n(b) the salaries and allowances of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and, in the case of a State having a Legislative Council, also of the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council;\n(c) debt charges for which the State is liable including interest, sinking fund charges and redemption charges, and other expenditure relating to the raising of loans and the service and redemption of debt;\n(d) expenditure in respect of the salaries and allowances of Judges of any High Court;\n(e) any sums required to satisfy any judgment, decree or award of any court or arbitral tribunal;\n(f) any other expenditure declared by this Constitution, or by the Legislature of the State by law, to be so charged.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 202 के तहत 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "Premise: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the State for that year, in this Part referred to as the \"annual financial statement\".\n(2) The estimates of expenditure embodied in the annual financial statement shall show separately —\n(a) the sums required to meet expenditure described by this Constitution as expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State; and\n(b) the sums required to meet other expenditure proposed to be made from the Consolidated Fund of the State; and shall distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure.\n(3) The following expenditure shall be expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of each State —\n(a) the emoluments and allowances of the Governor and other expenditure relating to his office;\n(b) the salaries and allowances of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and, in the case of a State having a Legislative Council, also of the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council;\n(c) debt charges for which the State is liable including interest, sinking fund charges and redemption charges, and other expenditure relating to the raising of loans and the service and redemption of debt;\n(d) expenditure in respect of the salaries and allowances of Judges of any High Court;\n(e) any sums required to satisfy any judgment, decree or award of any court or arbitral tribunal;\n(f) any other expenditure declared by this Constitution, or by the Legislature of the State by law, to be so charged.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Annual Financial Statement'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the State for that year, in this Part referred to as the \"annual financial statement\".\n(2) The estimates of expenditure embodied in the annual financial statement shall show separately —\n(a) the sums required to meet expenditure described by this Constitution as expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State; and\n(b) the sums required to meet other expenditure proposed to be made from the Consolidated Fund of the State; and shall distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure.\n(3) The following expenditure shall be expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of each State —\n(a) the emoluments and allowances of the Governor and other expenditure relating to his office;\n(b) the salaries and allowances of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and, in the case of a State having a Legislative Council, also of the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council;\n(c) debt charges for which the State is liable including interest, sinking fund charges and redemption charges, and other expenditure relating to the raising of loans and the service and redemption of debt;\n(d) expenditure in respect of the salaries and allowances of Judges of any High Court;\n(e) any sums required to satisfy any judgment, decree or award of any court or arbitral tribunal;\n(f) any other expenditure declared by this Constitution, or by the Legislature of the State by law, to be so charged.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "Premise: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the State for that year, in this Part referred to as the \"annual financial statement\".\n(2) The estimates of expenditure embodied in the annual financial statement shall show separately —\n(a) the sums required to meet expenditure described by this Constitution as expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State; and\n(b) the sums required to meet other expenditure proposed to be made from the Consolidated Fund of the State; and shall distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure.\n(3) The following expenditure shall be expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of each State —\n(a) the emoluments and allowances of the Governor and other expenditure relating to his office;\n(b) the salaries and allowances of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and, in the case of a State having a Legislative Council, also of the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council;\n(c) debt charges for which the State is liable including interest, sinking fund charges and redemption charges, and other expenditure relating to the raising of loans and the service and redemption of debt;\n(d) expenditure in respect of the salaries and allowances of Judges of any High Court;\n(e) any sums required to satisfy any judgment, decree or award of any court or arbitral tribunal;\n(f) any other expenditure declared by this Constitution, or by the Legislature of the State by law, to be so charged.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the State for that year, in this Part referred to as the \"annual financial statement\".\n(2) The estimates of expenditure embodied in the annual financial statement shall show separately —\n(a) the sums required to meet expenditure described by this Constitution as expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State; and\n(b) the sums required to meet other expenditure proposed to be made from the Consolidated Fund of the State; and shall distinguish expenditure on revenue account from other expenditure.\n(3) The following expenditure shall be expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of each State —\n(a) the emoluments and allowances of the Governor and other expenditure relating to his office;\n(b) the salaries and allowances of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and, in the case of a State having a Legislative Council, also of the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council;\n(c) debt charges for which the State is liable including interest, sinking fund charges and redemption charges, and other expenditure relating to the raising of loans and the service and redemption of debt;\n(d) expenditure in respect of the salaries and allowances of Judges of any High Court;\n(e) any sums required to satisfy any judgment, decree or award of any court or arbitral tribunal;\n(f) any other expenditure declared by this Constitution, or by the Legislature of the State by law, to be so charged.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 202", "title": "Annual Financial Statement", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 202: Annual Financial Statement\nText: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of t...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 202 deals with 'Annual Financial Statement' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_202_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 202", "title": "वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 202: वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण\nपाठ: (1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the Legislature of the State a statement of t...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 202 'वार्षिक वित्तीय विवरण' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "What does Article 204 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 204 governs 'Appropriation Bills'. The constitutional text states: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropriation out of the Consolidated Fund of the State of all moneys required to meet —\n(a) the grants so made by the Assembly; and\n(b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State but not exceeding in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before the House or Houses.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 204 is titled 'Appropriation Bills' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 204 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 204 'विनियोग विधेयक' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropriation out of the Consolidated Fund of the State of all moneys required to meet —\n(a) the grants so made by the Assembly; and\n(b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State but not exceeding in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before the House or Houses.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 204 का शीर्षक 'विनियोग विधेयक' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Appropriation Bills'?", "output": "Article 204", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Appropriation Bills' under the provisions of Article 204.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'विनियोग विधेयक' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 204", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 204 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'विनियोग विधेयक' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Appropriation Bills'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 204.", "reasoning": "Article 204 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Appropriation Bills' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'विनियोग विधेयक' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 204 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 204 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'विनियोग विधेयक' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "Summarize Article 204 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 204 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Appropriation Bills'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 204 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 204 'विनियोग विधेयक' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 204 (Appropriation Bills).", "output": "Article Article 204 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Appropriation Bills' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropria.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 204 ('विनियोग विधेयक') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 204 भारत के संविधान में 'विनियोग विधेयक' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropria...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "Premise: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropriation out of the Consolidated Fund of the State of all moneys required to meet —\n(a) the grants so made by the Assembly; and\n(b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State but not exceeding in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before the House or Houses.\n(2) No amendment shall be proposed to any such Bill in the House or either House of the Legislature of the State which will have the effect of varying the amount or altering the destination of any grant so made or of varying the amount of any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State, and the decision of the person presiding as to whether an amendment is inadmissible under this clause shall be final.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of articles 205 and 206, no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of the State except under appropriation made by law passed in accordance with the provisions of this article.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Appropriation Bills' under Article 204.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropriation out of the Consolidated Fund of the State of all moneys required to meet —\n(a) the grants so made by the Assembly; and\n(b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State but not exceeding in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before the House or Houses.\n(2) No amendment shall be proposed to any such Bill in the House or either House of the Legislature of the State which will have the effect of varying the amount or altering the destination of any grant so made or of varying the amount of any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State, and the decision of the person presiding as to whether an amendment is inadmissible under this clause shall be final.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of articles 205 and 206, no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of the State except under appropriation made by law passed in accordance with the provisions of this article.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 204 के तहत 'विनियोग विधेयक' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "Premise: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropriation out of the Consolidated Fund of the State of all moneys required to meet —\n(a) the grants so made by the Assembly; and\n(b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State but not exceeding in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before the House or Houses.\n(2) No amendment shall be proposed to any such Bill in the House or either House of the Legislature of the State which will have the effect of varying the amount or altering the destination of any grant so made or of varying the amount of any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State, and the decision of the person presiding as to whether an amendment is inadmissible under this clause shall be final.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of articles 205 and 206, no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of the State except under appropriation made by law passed in accordance with the provisions of this article.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Appropriation Bills'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropriation out of the Consolidated Fund of the State of all moneys required to meet —\n(a) the grants so made by the Assembly; and\n(b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State but not exceeding in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before the House or Houses.\n(2) No amendment shall be proposed to any such Bill in the House or either House of the Legislature of the State which will have the effect of varying the amount or altering the destination of any grant so made or of varying the amount of any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State, and the decision of the person presiding as to whether an amendment is inadmissible under this clause shall be final.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of articles 205 and 206, no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of the State except under appropriation made by law passed in accordance with the provisions of this article.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'विनियोग विधेयक' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "Premise: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropriation out of the Consolidated Fund of the State of all moneys required to meet —\n(a) the grants so made by the Assembly; and\n(b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State but not exceeding in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before the House or Houses.\n(2) No amendment shall be proposed to any such Bill in the House or either House of the Legislature of the State which will have the effect of varying the amount or altering the destination of any grant so made or of varying the amount of any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State, and the decision of the person presiding as to whether an amendment is inadmissible under this clause shall be final.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of articles 205 and 206, no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of the State except under appropriation made by law passed in accordance with the provisions of this article.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropriation out of the Consolidated Fund of the State of all moneys required to meet —\n(a) the grants so made by the Assembly; and\n(b) the expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State but not exceeding in any case the amount shown in the statement previously laid before the House or Houses.\n(2) No amendment shall be proposed to any such Bill in the House or either House of the Legislature of the State which will have the effect of varying the amount or altering the destination of any grant so made or of varying the amount of any expenditure charged on the Consolidated Fund of the State, and the decision of the person presiding as to whether an amendment is inadmissible under this clause shall be final.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of articles 205 and 206, no money shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund of the State except under appropriation made by law passed in accordance with the provisions of this article.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 204", "title": "Appropriation Bills", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 204: Appropriation Bills\nText: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropria...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 204 deals with 'Appropriation Bills' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_204_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 204", "title": "विनियोग विधेयक", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 204: विनियोग विधेयक\nपाठ: (1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be introduced a Bill to provide for the appropria...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 204 'विनियोग विधेयक' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "What does Article 217 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 217 governs 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court'. The constitutional text states: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State, and, in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court, and shall hold office, in the case of an additional or acting Judge, as provided in article 224, and in any other case, until he attains the age of sixty two years:\nProvided that —\n(a) a Judge may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office;\n(b) a Judge may be removed from his office by the President in the manner provided in clause (4) of article 124 for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court;\n(c) the office of a Judge shall be vacated by his being appointed by the President to be a Judge of the Supreme Court or by his being transferred by the President to any other High Court within the territory of India.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 217 is titled 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 217 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 217 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State, and, in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court, and shall hold office, in the case of an additional or acting Judge, as provided in article 224, and in any other case, until he attains the age of sixty two years:\nProvided that —\n(a) a Judge may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office;\n(b) a Judge may be removed from his office by the President in the manner provided in clause (4) of article 124 for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court;\n(c) the office of a Judge shall be vacated by his being appointed by the President to be a Judge of the Supreme Court or by his being transferred by the President to any other High Court within the territory of India.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 217 का शीर्षक 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court'?", "output": "Article 217", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court' under the provisions of Article 217.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 217", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 217 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 217.", "reasoning": "Article 217 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 217 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 217 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "Summarize Article 217 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 217 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 217 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 217 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 217 (Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court).", "output": "Article Article 217 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of In.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 217 ('उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 217 भारत के संविधान में 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of In...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "Premise: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State, and, in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court, and shall hold office, in the case of an additional or acting Judge, as provided in article 224, and in any other case, until he attains the age of sixty two years:\nProvided that —\n(a) a Judge may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office;\n(b) a Judge may be removed from his office by the President in the manner provided in clause (4) of article 124 for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court;\n(c) the office of a Judge shall be vacated by his being appointed by the President to be a Judge of the Supreme Court or by his being transferred by the President to any other High Court within the territory of India.\n(2) A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of India and —\n(a) has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India; or\n(b) has for at least ten years been an advocate of a High Court 3 or of two or more such Courts in succession;\nExplanation. — For the purposes of this clause —\n(a) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India, there shall be included any period, after he has held any judicial office, during which the person has been an advocate of a High Court or has held the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law;\n(aa) in computing the period during which a person has been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period during which the person has held judicial office or the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law after he became an advocate;\n(b) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India or been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period before the commencement of this Constitution during which he has held judicial office in any area which was comprised before the fifteenth day of August, 1947, within India as defined by the Government of India Act, 1935, or has been an advocate of any High Court in any such area, as the case may be.\n(3) If any question arises as to the age of a Judge of a High Court, the question shall be decided by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the decision of the President shall be final.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court' under Article 217.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State, and, in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court, and shall hold office, in the case of an additional or acting Judge, as provided in article 224, and in any other case, until he attains the age of sixty two years:\nProvided that —\n(a) a Judge may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office;\n(b) a Judge may be removed from his office by the President in the manner provided in clause (4) of article 124 for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court;\n(c) the office of a Judge shall be vacated by his being appointed by the President to be a Judge of the Supreme Court or by his being transferred by the President to any other High Court within the territory of India.\n(2) A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of India and —\n(a) has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India; or\n(b) has for at least ten years been an advocate of a High Court 3 or of two or more such Courts in succession;\nExplanation. — For the purposes of this clause —\n(a) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India, there shall be included any period, after he has held any judicial office, during which the person has been an advocate of a High Court or has held the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law;\n(aa) in computing the period during which a person has been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period during which the person has held judicial office or the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law after he became an advocate;\n(b) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India or been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period before the commencement of this Constitution during which he has held judicial office in any area which was comprised before the fifteenth day of August, 1947, within India as defined by the Government of India Act, 1935, or has been an advocate of any High Court in any such area, as the case may be.\n(3) If any question arises as to the age of a Judge of a High Court, the question shall be decided by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the decision of the President shall be final.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 217 के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "Premise: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State, and, in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court, and shall hold office, in the case of an additional or acting Judge, as provided in article 224, and in any other case, until he attains the age of sixty two years:\nProvided that —\n(a) a Judge may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office;\n(b) a Judge may be removed from his office by the President in the manner provided in clause (4) of article 124 for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court;\n(c) the office of a Judge shall be vacated by his being appointed by the President to be a Judge of the Supreme Court or by his being transferred by the President to any other High Court within the territory of India.\n(2) A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of India and —\n(a) has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India; or\n(b) has for at least ten years been an advocate of a High Court 3 or of two or more such Courts in succession;\nExplanation. — For the purposes of this clause —\n(a) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India, there shall be included any period, after he has held any judicial office, during which the person has been an advocate of a High Court or has held the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law;\n(aa) in computing the period during which a person has been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period during which the person has held judicial office or the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law after he became an advocate;\n(b) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India or been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period before the commencement of this Constitution during which he has held judicial office in any area which was comprised before the fifteenth day of August, 1947, within India as defined by the Government of India Act, 1935, or has been an advocate of any High Court in any such area, as the case may be.\n(3) If any question arises as to the age of a Judge of a High Court, the question shall be decided by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the decision of the President shall be final.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State, and, in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court, and shall hold office, in the case of an additional or acting Judge, as provided in article 224, and in any other case, until he attains the age of sixty two years:\nProvided that —\n(a) a Judge may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office;\n(b) a Judge may be removed from his office by the President in the manner provided in clause (4) of article 124 for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court;\n(c) the office of a Judge shall be vacated by his being appointed by the President to be a Judge of the Supreme Court or by his being transferred by the President to any other High Court within the territory of India.\n(2) A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of India and —\n(a) has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India; or\n(b) has for at least ten years been an advocate of a High Court 3 or of two or more such Courts in succession;\nExplanation. — For the purposes of this clause —\n(a) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India, there shall be included any period, after he has held any judicial office, during which the person has been an advocate of a High Court or has held the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law;\n(aa) in computing the period during which a person has been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period during which the person has held judicial office or the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law after he became an advocate;\n(b) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India or been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period before the commencement of this Constitution during which he has held judicial office in any area which was comprised before the fifteenth day of August, 1947, within India as defined by the Government of India Act, 1935, or has been an advocate of any High Court in any such area, as the case may be.\n(3) If any question arises as to the age of a Judge of a High Court, the question shall be decided by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the decision of the President shall be final.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "Premise: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State, and, in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court, and shall hold office, in the case of an additional or acting Judge, as provided in article 224, and in any other case, until he attains the age of sixty two years:\nProvided that —\n(a) a Judge may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office;\n(b) a Judge may be removed from his office by the President in the manner provided in clause (4) of article 124 for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court;\n(c) the office of a Judge shall be vacated by his being appointed by the President to be a Judge of the Supreme Court or by his being transferred by the President to any other High Court within the territory of India.\n(2) A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of India and —\n(a) has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India; or\n(b) has for at least ten years been an advocate of a High Court 3 or of two or more such Courts in succession;\nExplanation. — For the purposes of this clause —\n(a) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India, there shall be included any period, after he has held any judicial office, during which the person has been an advocate of a High Court or has held the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law;\n(aa) in computing the period during which a person has been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period during which the person has held judicial office or the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law after he became an advocate;\n(b) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India or been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period before the commencement of this Constitution during which he has held judicial office in any area which was comprised before the fifteenth day of August, 1947, within India as defined by the Government of India Act, 1935, or has been an advocate of any High Court in any such area, as the case may be.\n(3) If any question arises as to the age of a Judge of a High Court, the question shall be decided by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the decision of the President shall be final.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State, and, in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of the High Court, and shall hold office, in the case of an additional or acting Judge, as provided in article 224, and in any other case, until he attains the age of sixty two years:\nProvided that —\n(a) a Judge may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office;\n(b) a Judge may be removed from his office by the President in the manner provided in clause (4) of article 124 for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court;\n(c) the office of a Judge shall be vacated by his being appointed by the President to be a Judge of the Supreme Court or by his being transferred by the President to any other High Court within the territory of India.\n(2) A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court unless he is a citizen of India and —\n(a) has for at least ten years held a judicial office in the territory of India; or\n(b) has for at least ten years been an advocate of a High Court 3 or of two or more such Courts in succession;\nExplanation. — For the purposes of this clause —\n(a) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India, there shall be included any period, after he has held any judicial office, during which the person has been an advocate of a High Court or has held the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law;\n(aa) in computing the period during which a person has been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period during which the person has held judicial office or the office of a member of a tribunal or any post, under the Union or a State, requiring special knowledge of law after he became an advocate;\n(b) in computing the period during which a person has held judicial office in the territory of India or been an advocate of a High Court, there shall be included any period before the commencement of this Constitution during which he has held judicial office in any area which was comprised before the fifteenth day of August, 1947, within India as defined by the Government of India Act, 1935, or has been an advocate of any High Court in any such area, as the case may be.\n(3) If any question arises as to the age of a Judge of a High Court, the question shall be decided by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the decision of the President shall be final.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 217", "title": "Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 217: Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court\nText: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of In...", "output": "Judiciary", "reasoning": "Article 217 deals with 'Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_217_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 217", "title": "उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 217: उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें\nपाठ: (1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of In...", "output": "न्यायपालिका", "reasoning": "Article 217 'उच्च न्यायालय के न्यायाधीश के कार्यालय की नियुक्ति और शर्तें' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "What does Article 241 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 241 governs 'High Courts for Union Territories'. The constitutional text states: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any of the purposes of this Constitution.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 241 is titled 'High Courts for Union Territories' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 241 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 241 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any of the purposes of this Constitution.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 241 का शीर्षक 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'High Courts for Union Territories'?", "output": "Article 241", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'High Courts for Union Territories' under the provisions of Article 241.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 241", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 241 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'High Courts for Union Territories'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 241.", "reasoning": "Article 241 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'High Courts for Union Territories' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 241 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 241 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "Summarize Article 241 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 241 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'High Courts for Union Territories'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 241 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 241 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 241 (High Courts for Union Territories).", "output": "Article Article 241 establishes the fundamental framework for 'High Courts for Union Territories' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any o.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 241 ('केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 241 भारत के संविधान में 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any o...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "Premise: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any of the purposes of this Constitution.\n(2) The provisions of Chapter V of Part VI shall apply in relation to every High Court referred to in clause (1) as they apply in relation to a High Court referred to in article 214 subject to such modifications or exceptions as Parliament may by law provide.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate Legislature made by virtue of powers conferred on that Legislature by or under this Constitution, every High Court exercising jurisdiction immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, in relation to any Union territory shall continue to exercise such jurisdiction in relation to that territory after such commencement.\n(4) Nothing in this article derogates from the power of Parliament to extend or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court for a State to, or from, any Union territory or part thereof.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'High Courts for Union Territories' under Article 241.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any of the purposes of this Constitution.\n(2) The provisions of Chapter V of Part VI shall apply in relation to every High Court referred to in clause (1) as they apply in relation to a High Court referred to in article 214 subject to such modifications or exceptions as Parliament may by law provide.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate Legislature made by virtue of powers conferred on that Legislature by or under this Constitution, every High Court exercising jurisdiction immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, in relation to any Union territory shall continue to exercise such jurisdiction in relation to that territory after such commencement.\n(4) Nothing in this article derogates from the power of Parliament to extend or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court for a State to, or from, any Union territory or part thereof.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 241 के तहत 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "Premise: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any of the purposes of this Constitution.\n(2) The provisions of Chapter V of Part VI shall apply in relation to every High Court referred to in clause (1) as they apply in relation to a High Court referred to in article 214 subject to such modifications or exceptions as Parliament may by law provide.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate Legislature made by virtue of powers conferred on that Legislature by or under this Constitution, every High Court exercising jurisdiction immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, in relation to any Union territory shall continue to exercise such jurisdiction in relation to that territory after such commencement.\n(4) Nothing in this article derogates from the power of Parliament to extend or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court for a State to, or from, any Union territory or part thereof.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'High Courts for Union Territories'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any of the purposes of this Constitution.\n(2) The provisions of Chapter V of Part VI shall apply in relation to every High Court referred to in clause (1) as they apply in relation to a High Court referred to in article 214 subject to such modifications or exceptions as Parliament may by law provide.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate Legislature made by virtue of powers conferred on that Legislature by or under this Constitution, every High Court exercising jurisdiction immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, in relation to any Union territory shall continue to exercise such jurisdiction in relation to that territory after such commencement.\n(4) Nothing in this article derogates from the power of Parliament to extend or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court for a State to, or from, any Union territory or part thereof.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "Premise: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any of the purposes of this Constitution.\n(2) The provisions of Chapter V of Part VI shall apply in relation to every High Court referred to in clause (1) as they apply in relation to a High Court referred to in article 214 subject to such modifications or exceptions as Parliament may by law provide.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate Legislature made by virtue of powers conferred on that Legislature by or under this Constitution, every High Court exercising jurisdiction immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, in relation to any Union territory shall continue to exercise such jurisdiction in relation to that territory after such commencement.\n(4) Nothing in this article derogates from the power of Parliament to extend or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court for a State to, or from, any Union territory or part thereof.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any of the purposes of this Constitution.\n(2) The provisions of Chapter V of Part VI shall apply in relation to every High Court referred to in clause (1) as they apply in relation to a High Court referred to in article 214 subject to such modifications or exceptions as Parliament may by law provide.\n(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate Legislature made by virtue of powers conferred on that Legislature by or under this Constitution, every High Court exercising jurisdiction immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, in relation to any Union territory shall continue to exercise such jurisdiction in relation to that territory after such commencement.\n(4) Nothing in this article derogates from the power of Parliament to extend or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court for a State to, or from, any Union territory or part thereof.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 241", "title": "High Courts for Union Territories", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 241: High Courts for Union Territories\nText: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any o...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 241 deals with 'High Courts for Union Territories' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_241_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 241", "title": "केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 241: केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय\nपाठ: (1) Parliament may by law constitute a High Court for a Union territory or declare any court in any such territory to be a High Court for all or any o...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 241 'केंद्रशासित प्रदेशों के लिए उच्च न्यायालय' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "What does Article 243T of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 243T governs 'Reservation of Seats'. The constitutional text states: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of that area and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 243T is titled 'Reservation of Seats' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 243T क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 243T 'सीटों का आरक्षण' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of that area and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 243T का शीर्षक 'सीटों का आरक्षण' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Reservation of Seats'?", "output": "Article 243T", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Reservation of Seats' under the provisions of Article 243T.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'सीटों का आरक्षण' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 243T", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 243T के प्रावधानों के तहत 'सीटों का आरक्षण' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Reservation of Seats'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 243T.", "reasoning": "Article 243T specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Reservation of Seats' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'सीटों का आरक्षण' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 243T की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 243T विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'सीटों का आरक्षण' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "Summarize Article 243T of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 243T defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Reservation of Seats'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 243T का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 243T 'सीटों का आरक्षण' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 243T (Reservation of Seats).", "output": "Article Article 243T establishes the fundamental framework for 'Reservation of Seats' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 243T ('सीटों का आरक्षण') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 243T भारत के संविधान में 'सीटों का आरक्षण' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "Premise: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of that area and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(2) Not less than one-third of the total number of seats reserved under clause (1) shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or, as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes.\n(3) Not less than one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Municipality shall be reserved for women and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(4) The offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and women in such manner as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide.\n(5) The reservation of seats under clauses (1) and (2) and the reservation of offices of Chairpersons (other than the reservation for women) under clause (4) shall cease to have effect on the expiration of the period specified in article 334.\n(6) Nothing in this Part shall prevent the Legislature of a State from making any provision for reservation of seats in any Municipality or offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities in favour of backward class of citizens.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Reservation of Seats' under Article 243T.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of that area and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(2) Not less than one-third of the total number of seats reserved under clause (1) shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or, as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes.\n(3) Not less than one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Municipality shall be reserved for women and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(4) The offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and women in such manner as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide.\n(5) The reservation of seats under clauses (1) and (2) and the reservation of offices of Chairpersons (other than the reservation for women) under clause (4) shall cease to have effect on the expiration of the period specified in article 334.\n(6) Nothing in this Part shall prevent the Legislature of a State from making any provision for reservation of seats in any Municipality or offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities in favour of backward class of citizens.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 243T के तहत 'सीटों का आरक्षण' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "Premise: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of that area and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(2) Not less than one-third of the total number of seats reserved under clause (1) shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or, as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes.\n(3) Not less than one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Municipality shall be reserved for women and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(4) The offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and women in such manner as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide.\n(5) The reservation of seats under clauses (1) and (2) and the reservation of offices of Chairpersons (other than the reservation for women) under clause (4) shall cease to have effect on the expiration of the period specified in article 334.\n(6) Nothing in this Part shall prevent the Legislature of a State from making any provision for reservation of seats in any Municipality or offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities in favour of backward class of citizens.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Reservation of Seats'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of that area and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(2) Not less than one-third of the total number of seats reserved under clause (1) shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or, as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes.\n(3) Not less than one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Municipality shall be reserved for women and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(4) The offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and women in such manner as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide.\n(5) The reservation of seats under clauses (1) and (2) and the reservation of offices of Chairpersons (other than the reservation for women) under clause (4) shall cease to have effect on the expiration of the period specified in article 334.\n(6) Nothing in this Part shall prevent the Legislature of a State from making any provision for reservation of seats in any Municipality or offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities in favour of backward class of citizens.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'सीटों का आरक्षण' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "Premise: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of that area and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(2) Not less than one-third of the total number of seats reserved under clause (1) shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or, as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes.\n(3) Not less than one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Municipality shall be reserved for women and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(4) The offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and women in such manner as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide.\n(5) The reservation of seats under clauses (1) and (2) and the reservation of offices of Chairpersons (other than the reservation for women) under clause (4) shall cease to have effect on the expiration of the period specified in article 334.\n(6) Nothing in this Part shall prevent the Legislature of a State from making any provision for reservation of seats in any Municipality or offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities in favour of backward class of citizens.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in that Municipality as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the Municipal area or of the Scheduled Tribes in the Municipal area bears to the total population of that area and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(2) Not less than one-third of the total number of seats reserved under clause (1) shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or, as the case may be, the Scheduled Tribes.\n(3) Not less than one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Municipality shall be reserved for women and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.\n(4) The offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and women in such manner as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide.\n(5) The reservation of seats under clauses (1) and (2) and the reservation of offices of Chairpersons (other than the reservation for women) under clause (4) shall cease to have effect on the expiration of the period specified in article 334.\n(6) Nothing in this Part shall prevent the Legislature of a State from making any provision for reservation of seats in any Municipality or offices of Chairpersons in the Municipalities in favour of backward class of citizens.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "Reservation of Seats", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 243T: Reservation of Seats\nText: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 243T deals with 'Reservation of Seats' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243t_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243T", "title": "सीटों का आरक्षण", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 243T: सीटों का आरक्षण\nपाठ: (1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes in every Municipality and the number of seats so reserved shall bear, as...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 243T 'सीटों का आरक्षण' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "What does Article 243ZB of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 243ZB governs 'Application to Union Territories'. The constitutional text states: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the references to the Governor of a State were references to the Administrator of the Union territory appointed under article 239 and references to the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly of a State were references in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:\nProvided that the President may, by public notification, direct that the provisions of this Part shall apply to any Union territory or part thereof subject to such exceptions and modifications as he may specify in the notification.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 243ZB is titled 'Application to Union Territories' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 243ZB क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 243ZB 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the references to the Governor of a State were references to the Administrator of the Union territory appointed under article 239 and references to the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly of a State were references in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:\nProvided that the President may, by public notification, direct that the provisions of this Part shall apply to any Union territory or part thereof subject to such exceptions and modifications as he may specify in the notification.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 243ZB का शीर्षक 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Application to Union Territories'?", "output": "Article 243ZB", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Application to Union Territories' under the provisions of Article 243ZB.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 243ZB", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 243ZB के प्रावधानों के तहत 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Application to Union Territories'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 243ZB.", "reasoning": "Article 243ZB specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Application to Union Territories' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 243ZB की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 243ZB विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "Summarize Article 243ZB of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 243ZB defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Application to Union Territories'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 243ZB का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 243ZB 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 243ZB (Application to Union Territories).", "output": "Article Article 243ZB establishes the fundamental framework for 'Application to Union Territories' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the reference.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 243ZB ('केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 243ZB भारत के संविधान में 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the reference...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "Premise: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the references to the Governor of a State were references to the Administrator of the Union territory appointed under article 239 and references to the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly of a State were references in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:\nProvided that the President may, by public notification, direct that the provisions of this Part shall apply to any Union territory or part thereof subject to such exceptions and modifications as he may specify in the notification.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Application to Union Territories' under Article 243ZB.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "आधार (Premise): The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the references to the Governor of a State were references to the Administrator of the Union territory appointed under article 239 and references to the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly of a State were references in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:\nProvided that the President may, by public notification, direct that the provisions of this Part shall apply to any Union territory or part thereof subject to such exceptions and modifications as he may specify in the notification.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 243ZB के तहत 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "Premise: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the references to the Governor of a State were references to the Administrator of the Union territory appointed under article 239 and references to the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly of a State were references in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:\nProvided that the President may, by public notification, direct that the provisions of this Part shall apply to any Union territory or part thereof subject to such exceptions and modifications as he may specify in the notification.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Application to Union Territories'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "आधार (Premise): The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the references to the Governor of a State were references to the Administrator of the Union territory appointed under article 239 and references to the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly of a State were references in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:\nProvided that the President may, by public notification, direct that the provisions of this Part shall apply to any Union territory or part thereof subject to such exceptions and modifications as he may specify in the notification.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "Premise: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the references to the Governor of a State were references to the Administrator of the Union territory appointed under article 239 and references to the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly of a State were references in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:\nProvided that the President may, by public notification, direct that the provisions of this Part shall apply to any Union territory or part thereof subject to such exceptions and modifications as he may specify in the notification.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "आधार (Premise): The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the references to the Governor of a State were references to the Administrator of the Union territory appointed under article 239 and references to the Legislature or the Legislative Assembly of a State were references in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:\nProvided that the President may, by public notification, direct that the provisions of this Part shall apply to any Union territory or part thereof subject to such exceptions and modifications as he may specify in the notification.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "Application to Union Territories", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 243ZB: Application to Union Territories\nText: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the reference...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 243ZB deals with 'Application to Union Territories' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zb_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZB", "title": "केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 243ZB: केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन\nपाठ: The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, have effect as if the reference...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 243ZB 'केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के लिए आवेदन' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "What does Article 243ZP of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 243ZP governs 'Returns'. The constitutional text states: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Government including the following matters, namely:—\n(a) annual report of its activities;\n(b) its audited statement of accounts;\n(c) plan for surplus disposal as approved by the general body of the co-operative society;\n(d) list of amendments to the bye-laws of the co-operative society, if any; (e) declaration regarding date of holding of its general body meeting and conduct of elections when due; and\n(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 243ZP is titled 'Returns' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 243ZP क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 243ZP 'रिटर्न' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Government including the following matters, namely:—\n(a) annual report of its activities;\n(b) its audited statement of accounts;\n(c) plan for surplus disposal as approved by the general body of the co-operative society;\n(d) list of amendments to the bye-laws of the co-operative society, if any; (e) declaration regarding date of holding of its general body meeting and conduct of elections when due; and\n(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 243ZP का शीर्षक 'रिटर्न' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Returns'?", "output": "Article 243ZP", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Returns' under the provisions of Article 243ZP.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'रिटर्न' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 243ZP", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 243ZP के प्रावधानों के तहत 'रिटर्न' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Returns'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 243ZP.", "reasoning": "Article 243ZP specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Returns' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'रिटर्न' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 243ZP की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 243ZP विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'रिटर्न' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "Summarize Article 243ZP of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 243ZP defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Returns'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 243ZP का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 243ZP 'रिटर्न' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 243ZP (Returns).", "output": "Article Article 243ZP establishes the fundamental framework for 'Returns' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Go.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 243ZP ('रिटर्न') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 243ZP भारत के संविधान में 'रिटर्न' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Go...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "Premise: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Government including the following matters, namely:—\n(a) annual report of its activities;\n(b) its audited statement of accounts;\n(c) plan for surplus disposal as approved by the general body of the co-operative society;\n(d) list of amendments to the bye-laws of the co-operative society, if any; (e) declaration regarding date of holding of its general body meeting and conduct of elections when due; and\n(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Returns' under Article 243ZP.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Government including the following matters, namely:—\n(a) annual report of its activities;\n(b) its audited statement of accounts;\n(c) plan for surplus disposal as approved by the general body of the co-operative society;\n(d) list of amendments to the bye-laws of the co-operative society, if any; (e) declaration regarding date of holding of its general body meeting and conduct of elections when due; and\n(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 243ZP के तहत 'रिटर्न' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "Premise: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Government including the following matters, namely:—\n(a) annual report of its activities;\n(b) its audited statement of accounts;\n(c) plan for surplus disposal as approved by the general body of the co-operative society;\n(d) list of amendments to the bye-laws of the co-operative society, if any; (e) declaration regarding date of holding of its general body meeting and conduct of elections when due; and\n(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Returns'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Government including the following matters, namely:—\n(a) annual report of its activities;\n(b) its audited statement of accounts;\n(c) plan for surplus disposal as approved by the general body of the co-operative society;\n(d) list of amendments to the bye-laws of the co-operative society, if any; (e) declaration regarding date of holding of its general body meeting and conduct of elections when due; and\n(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'रिटर्न' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "Premise: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Government including the following matters, namely:—\n(a) annual report of its activities;\n(b) its audited statement of accounts;\n(c) plan for surplus disposal as approved by the general body of the co-operative society;\n(d) list of amendments to the bye-laws of the co-operative society, if any; (e) declaration regarding date of holding of its general body meeting and conduct of elections when due; and\n(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Government including the following matters, namely:—\n(a) annual report of its activities;\n(b) its audited statement of accounts;\n(c) plan for surplus disposal as approved by the general body of the co-operative society;\n(d) list of amendments to the bye-laws of the co-operative society, if any; (e) declaration regarding date of holding of its general body meeting and conduct of elections when due; and\n(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "Returns", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 243ZP: Returns\nText: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Go...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 243ZP deals with 'Returns' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zp_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZP", "title": "रिटर्न", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 243ZP: रिटर्न\nपाठ: (1) Every co-operative society shall file returns, within six months of the close of every financial year, to the authority designated by the State Go...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 243ZP 'रिटर्न' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "What does Article 243ZQ of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 243ZQ governs 'Offences and Penalties'. The constitutional text states: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 243ZQ is titled 'Offences and Penalties' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 243ZQ क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 243ZQ 'अपराध और दंड' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 243ZQ का शीर्षक 'अपराध और दंड' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Offences and Penalties'?", "output": "Article 243ZQ", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Offences and Penalties' under the provisions of Article 243ZQ.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'अपराध और दंड' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 243ZQ", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 243ZQ के प्रावधानों के तहत 'अपराध और दंड' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Offences and Penalties'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 243ZQ.", "reasoning": "Article 243ZQ specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Offences and Penalties' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'अपराध और दंड' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 243ZQ की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 243ZQ विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'अपराध और दंड' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "Summarize Article 243ZQ of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 243ZQ defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Offences and Penalties'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 243ZQ का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 243ZQ 'अपराध और दंड' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 243ZQ (Offences and Penalties).", "output": "Article Article 243ZQ establishes the fundamental framework for 'Offences and Penalties' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 243ZQ ('अपराध और दंड') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 243ZQ भारत के संविधान में 'अपराध और दंड' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "Premise: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(2) A law made by the Legislature of a State under clause (1) shall include the commission of the following act or omission as offences, namely:-\n(a) a co-operative society or an officer or member thereof wilfully makes a false return or furnishes false information, or any person wilfully not furnishes any information required from him by a person authorised in this behalf under the provisions of the State Act;\n(b) any person wilfully or without any reasonable excuse disobeys any summons, requisition or lawful written order issued under the provisions of the State Act;\n(c) any employer who, without sufficient cause, fails to pay to a co-operative society amount deducted by him from its employee within a period of fourteen days from the date on which such deduction is made;\n(d) any officer or custodian who wilfully fails to handover custody of books, accounts, documents, records, cash, security and other property belonging to a co-operative society of which he is an officer or custodian, to an authorised person; and\n(e) whoever, before, during or after the election of members of the board or office bearers, adopts any corrupt practice.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Offences and Penalties' under Article 243ZQ.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(2) A law made by the Legislature of a State under clause (1) shall include the commission of the following act or omission as offences, namely:-\n(a) a co-operative society or an officer or member thereof wilfully makes a false return or furnishes false information, or any person wilfully not furnishes any information required from him by a person authorised in this behalf under the provisions of the State Act;\n(b) any person wilfully or without any reasonable excuse disobeys any summons, requisition or lawful written order issued under the provisions of the State Act;\n(c) any employer who, without sufficient cause, fails to pay to a co-operative society amount deducted by him from its employee within a period of fourteen days from the date on which such deduction is made;\n(d) any officer or custodian who wilfully fails to handover custody of books, accounts, documents, records, cash, security and other property belonging to a co-operative society of which he is an officer or custodian, to an authorised person; and\n(e) whoever, before, during or after the election of members of the board or office bearers, adopts any corrupt practice.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 243ZQ के तहत 'अपराध और दंड' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "Premise: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(2) A law made by the Legislature of a State under clause (1) shall include the commission of the following act or omission as offences, namely:-\n(a) a co-operative society or an officer or member thereof wilfully makes a false return or furnishes false information, or any person wilfully not furnishes any information required from him by a person authorised in this behalf under the provisions of the State Act;\n(b) any person wilfully or without any reasonable excuse disobeys any summons, requisition or lawful written order issued under the provisions of the State Act;\n(c) any employer who, without sufficient cause, fails to pay to a co-operative society amount deducted by him from its employee within a period of fourteen days from the date on which such deduction is made;\n(d) any officer or custodian who wilfully fails to handover custody of books, accounts, documents, records, cash, security and other property belonging to a co-operative society of which he is an officer or custodian, to an authorised person; and\n(e) whoever, before, during or after the election of members of the board or office bearers, adopts any corrupt practice.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Offences and Penalties'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(2) A law made by the Legislature of a State under clause (1) shall include the commission of the following act or omission as offences, namely:-\n(a) a co-operative society or an officer or member thereof wilfully makes a false return or furnishes false information, or any person wilfully not furnishes any information required from him by a person authorised in this behalf under the provisions of the State Act;\n(b) any person wilfully or without any reasonable excuse disobeys any summons, requisition or lawful written order issued under the provisions of the State Act;\n(c) any employer who, without sufficient cause, fails to pay to a co-operative society amount deducted by him from its employee within a period of fourteen days from the date on which such deduction is made;\n(d) any officer or custodian who wilfully fails to handover custody of books, accounts, documents, records, cash, security and other property belonging to a co-operative society of which he is an officer or custodian, to an authorised person; and\n(e) whoever, before, during or after the election of members of the board or office bearers, adopts any corrupt practice.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'अपराध और दंड' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "Premise: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(2) A law made by the Legislature of a State under clause (1) shall include the commission of the following act or omission as offences, namely:-\n(a) a co-operative society or an officer or member thereof wilfully makes a false return or furnishes false information, or any person wilfully not furnishes any information required from him by a person authorised in this behalf under the provisions of the State Act;\n(b) any person wilfully or without any reasonable excuse disobeys any summons, requisition or lawful written order issued under the provisions of the State Act;\n(c) any employer who, without sufficient cause, fails to pay to a co-operative society amount deducted by him from its employee within a period of fourteen days from the date on which such deduction is made;\n(d) any officer or custodian who wilfully fails to handover custody of books, accounts, documents, records, cash, security and other property belonging to a co-operative society of which he is an officer or custodian, to an authorised person; and\n(e) whoever, before, during or after the election of members of the board or office bearers, adopts any corrupt practice.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(2) A law made by the Legislature of a State under clause (1) shall include the commission of the following act or omission as offences, namely:-\n(a) a co-operative society or an officer or member thereof wilfully makes a false return or furnishes false information, or any person wilfully not furnishes any information required from him by a person authorised in this behalf under the provisions of the State Act;\n(b) any person wilfully or without any reasonable excuse disobeys any summons, requisition or lawful written order issued under the provisions of the State Act;\n(c) any employer who, without sufficient cause, fails to pay to a co-operative society amount deducted by him from its employee within a period of fourteen days from the date on which such deduction is made;\n(d) any officer or custodian who wilfully fails to handover custody of books, accounts, documents, records, cash, security and other property belonging to a co-operative society of which he is an officer or custodian, to an authorised person; and\n(e) whoever, before, during or after the election of members of the board or office bearers, adopts any corrupt practice.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "Offences and Penalties", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 243ZQ: Offences and Penalties\nText: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 243ZQ deals with 'Offences and Penalties' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_243zq_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 243ZQ", "title": "अपराध और दंड", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 243ZQ: अपराध और दंड\nपाठ: (1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.\n(...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 243ZQ 'अपराध और दंड' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "What does Article 245 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 245 governs 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States'. The constitutional text states: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 245 is titled 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 245 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 245 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 245 का शीर्षक 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States'?", "output": "Article 245", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States' under the provisions of Article 245.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 245", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 245 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 245.", "reasoning": "Article 245 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 245 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 245 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "Summarize Article 245 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 245 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 245 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 245 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 245 (Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States).", "output": "Article Article 245 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 245 ('संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 245 भारत के संविधान में 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.\n(2) No law made by Parliament shall be deemed to be invalid on the ground that it would have extra-territorial operation.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States' under Article 245.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.\n(2) No law made by Parliament shall be deemed to be invalid on the ground that it would have extra-territorial operation.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 245 के तहत 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.\n(2) No law made by Parliament shall be deemed to be invalid on the ground that it would have extra-territorial operation.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.\n(2) No law made by Parliament shall be deemed to be invalid on the ground that it would have extra-territorial operation.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.\n(2) No law made by Parliament shall be deemed to be invalid on the ground that it would have extra-territorial operation.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.\n(2) No law made by Parliament shall be deemed to be invalid on the ground that it would have extra-territorial operation.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 245", "title": "Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 245: Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States\nText: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature ...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 245 deals with 'Extent of Laws Made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_245_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 245", "title": "संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 245: संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार\nपाठ: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature ...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 245 'संसद और राज्यों के विधानमंडलों द्वारा बनाए गए कानूनों का विस्तार' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "What does Article 263 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 263 governs 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council'. The constitutional text states: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;\n(b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or\n(c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 263 is titled 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 263 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 263 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;\n(b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or\n(c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 263 का शीर्षक 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council'?", "output": "Article 263", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council' under the provisions of Article 263.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 263", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 263 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 263.", "reasoning": "Article 263 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 263 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 263 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "Summarize Article 263 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 263 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 263 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 263 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 263 (Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council).", "output": "Article Article 263 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 263 ('अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 263 भारत के संविधान में 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "Premise: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;\n(b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or\n(c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council' under Article 263.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "आधार (Premise): If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;\n(b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or\n(c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 263 के तहत 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "Premise: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;\n(b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or\n(c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "आधार (Premise): If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;\n(b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or\n(c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "Premise: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;\n(b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or\n(c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "आधार (Premise): If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;\n(b) investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States, or the Union and one or more of the States, have a common interest; or\n(c) making recommendations upon any such subject and, in particular, recommendations for the better co-ordination of policy and action with respect to that subject, it shall be lawful for the President by order to establish such a Council, and to define the nature of the duties to be performed by it and its organisation and procedure.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 263", "title": "Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 263: Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council\nText: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) ...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 263 deals with 'Provisions with Respect to an Inter-state Council' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_263_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 263", "title": "अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 263: अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान\nपाठ: If at any time it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of —\n(a) ...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 263 'अंतरराज्यीय परिषद के संबंध में प्रावधान' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "What does Article 268 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 268 governs 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States'. The constitutional text states: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Government of India but shall be collected,—\n(a) in the case where such duties are leviable within any Union territory, by the Government of India, and\n(b) in other cases, by the States within which such duties are respectively leviable.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 268 is titled 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 268 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 268 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Government of India but shall be collected,—\n(a) in the case where such duties are leviable within any Union territory, by the Government of India, and\n(b) in other cases, by the States within which such duties are respectively leviable.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 268 का शीर्षक 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States'?", "output": "Article 268", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States' under the provisions of Article 268.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 268", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 268 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 268.", "reasoning": "Article 268 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 268 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 268 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "Summarize Article 268 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 268 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 268 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 268 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 268 (Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States).", "output": "Article Article 268 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Governm.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 268 ('कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 268 भारत के संविधान में 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Governm...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "Premise: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Government of India but shall be collected,—\n(a) in the case where such duties are leviable within any Union territory, by the Government of India, and\n(b) in other cases, by the States within which such duties are respectively leviable.\n(2) The proceeds in any financial year of any such duty leviable within any State shall not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India, but shall be assigned to that State.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States' under Article 268.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Government of India but shall be collected,—\n(a) in the case where such duties are leviable within any Union territory, by the Government of India, and\n(b) in other cases, by the States within which such duties are respectively leviable.\n(2) The proceeds in any financial year of any such duty leviable within any State shall not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India, but shall be assigned to that State.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 268 के तहत 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "Premise: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Government of India but shall be collected,—\n(a) in the case where such duties are leviable within any Union territory, by the Government of India, and\n(b) in other cases, by the States within which such duties are respectively leviable.\n(2) The proceeds in any financial year of any such duty leviable within any State shall not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India, but shall be assigned to that State.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Government of India but shall be collected,—\n(a) in the case where such duties are leviable within any Union territory, by the Government of India, and\n(b) in other cases, by the States within which such duties are respectively leviable.\n(2) The proceeds in any financial year of any such duty leviable within any State shall not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India, but shall be assigned to that State.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "Premise: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Government of India but shall be collected,—\n(a) in the case where such duties are leviable within any Union territory, by the Government of India, and\n(b) in other cases, by the States within which such duties are respectively leviable.\n(2) The proceeds in any financial year of any such duty leviable within any State shall not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India, but shall be assigned to that State.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Government of India but shall be collected,—\n(a) in the case where such duties are leviable within any Union territory, by the Government of India, and\n(b) in other cases, by the States within which such duties are respectively leviable.\n(2) The proceeds in any financial year of any such duty leviable within any State shall not form part of the Consolidated Fund of India, but shall be assigned to that State.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 268", "title": "Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 268: Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States\nText: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Governm...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 268 deals with 'Duties Levied by the Union But Collected and Appropriated by the States' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_268_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 268", "title": "कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 268: कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं\nपाठ: (1) Such stamp duties and such duties of excise on medicinal and toilet preparations as are mentioned in the Union List shall be levied by the Governm...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 268 'कर्तव्य संघ द्वारा लगाए जाते हैं लेकिन वसूले और विनियोग राज्यों द्वारा किए जाते हैं' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "What does Article 282 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 282 governs 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues'. The constitutional text states: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 282 is titled 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 282 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 282 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 282 का शीर्षक 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues'?", "output": "Article 282", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues' under the provisions of Article 282.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 282", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 282 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 282.", "reasoning": "Article 282 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 282 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 282 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "Summarize Article 282 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 282 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 282 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 282 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 282 (Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues).", "output": "Article Article 282 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the L.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 282 ('संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 282 भारत के संविधान में 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the L...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "Premise: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues' under Article 282.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "आधार (Premise): The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 282 के तहत 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "Premise: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "आधार (Premise): The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "Premise: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "आधार (Premise): The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, may make laws.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 282", "title": "Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 282: Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues\nText: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the L...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 282 deals with 'Expenditure Defrayable by the Union or a State Out of Its Revenues' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_282_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 282", "title": "संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 282: संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय\nपाठ: The Union or a State may make any grants for any public purpose, notwithstanding that the purpose is not one with respect to which Parliament or the L...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 282 'संघ या राज्य द्वारा अपने राजस्व से भुगतान योग्य व्यय' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "What does Article 293 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 293 governs 'Borrowing by States'. The constitutional text states: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 293 is titled 'Borrowing by States' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 293 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 293 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 293 का शीर्षक 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Borrowing by States'?", "output": "Article 293", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Borrowing by States' under the provisions of Article 293.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 293", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 293 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Borrowing by States'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 293.", "reasoning": "Article 293 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Borrowing by States' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 293 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 293 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "Summarize Article 293 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 293 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Borrowing by States'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 293 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 293 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 293 (Borrowing by States).", "output": "Article Article 293 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Borrowing by States' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 293 ('राज्यों द्वारा उधार') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 293 भारत के संविधान में 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed.\n(2) The Government of India may, subject to such conditions as may be laid down by or under any law made by Parliament, make loans to any State or, so long as any limits fixed under article 292 are not exceeded, give guarantees in respect of loans raised by any State, and any sums required for the purpose of making such loans shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\n(3) A State may not without the consent of the Government of India raise any loan if there is still outstanding any part of a loan which has been made to the State by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government, or in respect of which a guarantee has been given by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government.\n(4) A consent under clause (3) may be granted subject to such conditions, if any, as the Government of India may think fit to impose.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Borrowing by States' under Article 293.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed.\n(2) The Government of India may, subject to such conditions as may be laid down by or under any law made by Parliament, make loans to any State or, so long as any limits fixed under article 292 are not exceeded, give guarantees in respect of loans raised by any State, and any sums required for the purpose of making such loans shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\n(3) A State may not without the consent of the Government of India raise any loan if there is still outstanding any part of a loan which has been made to the State by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government, or in respect of which a guarantee has been given by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government.\n(4) A consent under clause (3) may be granted subject to such conditions, if any, as the Government of India may think fit to impose.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 293 के तहत 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed.\n(2) The Government of India may, subject to such conditions as may be laid down by or under any law made by Parliament, make loans to any State or, so long as any limits fixed under article 292 are not exceeded, give guarantees in respect of loans raised by any State, and any sums required for the purpose of making such loans shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\n(3) A State may not without the consent of the Government of India raise any loan if there is still outstanding any part of a loan which has been made to the State by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government, or in respect of which a guarantee has been given by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government.\n(4) A consent under clause (3) may be granted subject to such conditions, if any, as the Government of India may think fit to impose.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Borrowing by States'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed.\n(2) The Government of India may, subject to such conditions as may be laid down by or under any law made by Parliament, make loans to any State or, so long as any limits fixed under article 292 are not exceeded, give guarantees in respect of loans raised by any State, and any sums required for the purpose of making such loans shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\n(3) A State may not without the consent of the Government of India raise any loan if there is still outstanding any part of a loan which has been made to the State by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government, or in respect of which a guarantee has been given by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government.\n(4) A consent under clause (3) may be granted subject to such conditions, if any, as the Government of India may think fit to impose.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed.\n(2) The Government of India may, subject to such conditions as may be laid down by or under any law made by Parliament, make loans to any State or, so long as any limits fixed under article 292 are not exceeded, give guarantees in respect of loans raised by any State, and any sums required for the purpose of making such loans shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\n(3) A State may not without the consent of the Government of India raise any loan if there is still outstanding any part of a loan which has been made to the State by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government, or in respect of which a guarantee has been given by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government.\n(4) A consent under clause (3) may be granted subject to such conditions, if any, as the Government of India may think fit to impose.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed.\n(2) The Government of India may, subject to such conditions as may be laid down by or under any law made by Parliament, make loans to any State or, so long as any limits fixed under article 292 are not exceeded, give guarantees in respect of loans raised by any State, and any sums required for the purpose of making such loans shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.\n(3) A State may not without the consent of the Government of India raise any loan if there is still outstanding any part of a loan which has been made to the State by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government, or in respect of which a guarantee has been given by the Government of India or by its predecessor Government.\n(4) A consent under clause (3) may be granted subject to such conditions, if any, as the Government of India may think fit to impose.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 293", "title": "Borrowing by States", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 293: Borrowing by States\nText: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of ...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 293 deals with 'Borrowing by States' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_293_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 293", "title": "राज्यों द्वारा उधार", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 293: राज्यों द्वारा उधार\nपाठ: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of ...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 293 'राज्यों द्वारा उधार' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "What does Article 295 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 295 governs 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases'. The constitutional text states: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall vest in the Union, if the purposes for which such property and assets were held immediately before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Union relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List, and\n(b) all rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, shall be the rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of India, if the purposes for which such rights were acquired or liabilities or obligations were incurred before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Government of India relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List,\nsubject to any agreement entered into in that behalf by the Government of India with the Government of that State.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 295 is titled 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 295 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 295 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall vest in the Union, if the purposes for which such property and assets were held immediately before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Union relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List, and\n(b) all rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, shall be the rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of India, if the purposes for which such rights were acquired or liabilities or obligations were incurred before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Government of India relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List,\nsubject to any agreement entered into in that behalf by the Government of India with the Government of that State.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 295 का शीर्षक 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases'?", "output": "Article 295", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases' under the provisions of Article 295.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 295", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 295 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 295.", "reasoning": "Article 295 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 295 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 295 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "Summarize Article 295 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 295 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 295 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 295 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 295 (Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases).", "output": "Article Article 295 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian S.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 295 ('अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 295 भारत के संविधान में 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian S...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "Premise: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall vest in the Union, if the purposes for which such property and assets were held immediately before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Union relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List, and\n(b) all rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, shall be the rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of India, if the purposes for which such rights were acquired or liabilities or obligations were incurred before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Government of India relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List,\nsubject to any agreement entered into in that behalf by the Government of India with the Government of that State.\n(2) Subject as aforesaid, the Government of each State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall, as from the commencement of this Constitution, be the successor of the Government of the corresponding Indian State as regards all property and assets and all rights, liabilities and obligations, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, other than those referred to in clause (1).\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases' under Article 295.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall vest in the Union, if the purposes for which such property and assets were held immediately before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Union relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List, and\n(b) all rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, shall be the rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of India, if the purposes for which such rights were acquired or liabilities or obligations were incurred before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Government of India relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List,\nsubject to any agreement entered into in that behalf by the Government of India with the Government of that State.\n(2) Subject as aforesaid, the Government of each State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall, as from the commencement of this Constitution, be the successor of the Government of the corresponding Indian State as regards all property and assets and all rights, liabilities and obligations, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, other than those referred to in clause (1).\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 295 के तहत 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "Premise: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall vest in the Union, if the purposes for which such property and assets were held immediately before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Union relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List, and\n(b) all rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, shall be the rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of India, if the purposes for which such rights were acquired or liabilities or obligations were incurred before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Government of India relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List,\nsubject to any agreement entered into in that behalf by the Government of India with the Government of that State.\n(2) Subject as aforesaid, the Government of each State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall, as from the commencement of this Constitution, be the successor of the Government of the corresponding Indian State as regards all property and assets and all rights, liabilities and obligations, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, other than those referred to in clause (1).\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall vest in the Union, if the purposes for which such property and assets were held immediately before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Union relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List, and\n(b) all rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, shall be the rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of India, if the purposes for which such rights were acquired or liabilities or obligations were incurred before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Government of India relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List,\nsubject to any agreement entered into in that behalf by the Government of India with the Government of that State.\n(2) Subject as aforesaid, the Government of each State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall, as from the commencement of this Constitution, be the successor of the Government of the corresponding Indian State as regards all property and assets and all rights, liabilities and obligations, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, other than those referred to in clause (1).\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "Premise: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall vest in the Union, if the purposes for which such property and assets were held immediately before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Union relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List, and\n(b) all rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, shall be the rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of India, if the purposes for which such rights were acquired or liabilities or obligations were incurred before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Government of India relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List,\nsubject to any agreement entered into in that behalf by the Government of India with the Government of that State.\n(2) Subject as aforesaid, the Government of each State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall, as from the commencement of this Constitution, be the successor of the Government of the corresponding Indian State as regards all property and assets and all rights, liabilities and obligations, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, other than those referred to in clause (1).\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall vest in the Union, if the purposes for which such property and assets were held immediately before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Union relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List, and\n(b) all rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of any Indian State corresponding to a State specified in Part B of the First Schedule, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, shall be the rights, liabilities and obligations of the Government of India, if the purposes for which such rights were acquired or liabilities or obligations were incurred before such commencement will thereafter be purposes of the Government of India relating to any of the matters enumerated in the Union List,\nsubject to any agreement entered into in that behalf by the Government of India with the Government of that State.\n(2) Subject as aforesaid, the Government of each State specified in Part B of the First Schedule shall, as from the commencement of this Constitution, be the successor of the Government of the corresponding Indian State as regards all property and assets and all rights, liabilities and obligations, whether arising out of any contract or otherwise, other than those referred to in clause (1).\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 295", "title": "Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 295: Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases\nText: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian S...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 295 deals with 'Succession to Property, Assets, Rights, Liabilities and Obligations in Other Cases' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_295_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 295", "title": "अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 295: अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार\nपाठ: (1) As from the commencement of this Constitution —\n(a) all property and assets which immediately before such commencement were vested in any Indian S...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 295 'अन्य मामलों में संपत्ति, परिसंपत्तियों, अधिकारों, देनदारियों और दायित्वों का उत्तराधिकार' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "What does Article 301 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 301 governs 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse'. The constitutional text states: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 301 is titled 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 301 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 301 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 301 का शीर्षक 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse'?", "output": "Article 301", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse' under the provisions of Article 301.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 301", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 301 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 301.", "reasoning": "Article 301 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 301 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 301 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "Summarize Article 301 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 301 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 301 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 301 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 301 (Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse).", "output": "Article Article 301 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.. This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 301 ('व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 301 भारत के संविधान में 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "Premise: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse' under Article 301.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "आधार (Premise): Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 301 के तहत 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "Premise: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "आधार (Premise): Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "Premise: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "आधार (Premise): Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 301", "title": "Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 301: Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse\nText: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 301 deals with 'Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_301_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 301", "title": "व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 301: व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता\nपाठ: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 301 'व्यापार, वाणिज्य और संभोग की स्वतंत्रता' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "What does Article 312A of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 312A governs 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services'. The constitutional text states: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave and pension and the rights as respects disciplinary matters of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, continue on and after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, to serve under the Government of India or of a State in any service or post;\n(b) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of service as respects pension of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, retired or otherwise ceased to be in service at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentyeighth Amendment) Act, 1972:\nProvided that in the case of any such person who is holding or has held the office of the Chief Justice or other Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the Chairman or other member of the Union or a State Public Service Commission or the Chief Election Commissioner, nothing in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) shall be construed as empowering Parliament to vary or revoke, after his appointment to such post, the conditions of his service to his disadvantage except in so far as such conditions of service are applicable to him by reason of his being a person appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 312A is titled 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 312A क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 312A 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave and pension and the rights as respects disciplinary matters of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, continue on and after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, to serve under the Government of India or of a State in any service or post;\n(b) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of service as respects pension of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, retired or otherwise ceased to be in service at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentyeighth Amendment) Act, 1972:\nProvided that in the case of any such person who is holding or has held the office of the Chief Justice or other Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the Chairman or other member of the Union or a State Public Service Commission or the Chief Election Commissioner, nothing in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) shall be construed as empowering Parliament to vary or revoke, after his appointment to such post, the conditions of his service to his disadvantage except in so far as such conditions of service are applicable to him by reason of his being a person appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 312A का शीर्षक 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services'?", "output": "Article 312A", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services' under the provisions of Article 312A.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 312A", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 312A के प्रावधानों के तहत 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 312A.", "reasoning": "Article 312A specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 312A की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 312A विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "Summarize Article 312A of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 312A defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 312A का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 312A 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 312A (Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services).", "output": "Article Article 312A establishes the fundamental framework for 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave a.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 312A ('कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 312A भारत के संविधान में 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave a...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "Premise: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave and pension and the rights as respects disciplinary matters of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, continue on and after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, to serve under the Government of India or of a State in any service or post;\n(b) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of service as respects pension of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, retired or otherwise ceased to be in service at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentyeighth Amendment) Act, 1972:\nProvided that in the case of any such person who is holding or has held the office of the Chief Justice or other Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the Chairman or other member of the Union or a State Public Service Commission or the Chief Election Commissioner, nothing in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) shall be construed as empowering Parliament to vary or revoke, after his appointment to such post, the conditions of his service to his disadvantage except in so far as such conditions of service are applicable to him by reason of his being a person appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India.\n(2) Except to the extent provided for by Parliament by law under this article, nothing in this article shall affect the power of any Legislature or other authority under any other provision of this Constitution to regulate the conditions of service of persons referred to in clause (1).\n(3) Neither the Supreme Court nor any other court shall have jurisdiction in —\n(a) any dispute arising out of any provision of, or any endorsement on, any covenant, agreement or other similar instrument which was entered into or executed by any person referred to in clause (1), or arising out of any letter issued to such person, in relation to his appointment to any civil service of the Crown in India or his continuance in service under the Government of the Dominion of India or a Province thereof;\n(b) any dispute in respect of any right, liability or obligation under article 314 as originally enacted.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in article 314 as originally enacted or in any other provision of this Constitution.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services' under Article 312A.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave and pension and the rights as respects disciplinary matters of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, continue on and after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, to serve under the Government of India or of a State in any service or post;\n(b) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of service as respects pension of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, retired or otherwise ceased to be in service at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentyeighth Amendment) Act, 1972:\nProvided that in the case of any such person who is holding or has held the office of the Chief Justice or other Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the Chairman or other member of the Union or a State Public Service Commission or the Chief Election Commissioner, nothing in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) shall be construed as empowering Parliament to vary or revoke, after his appointment to such post, the conditions of his service to his disadvantage except in so far as such conditions of service are applicable to him by reason of his being a person appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India.\n(2) Except to the extent provided for by Parliament by law under this article, nothing in this article shall affect the power of any Legislature or other authority under any other provision of this Constitution to regulate the conditions of service of persons referred to in clause (1).\n(3) Neither the Supreme Court nor any other court shall have jurisdiction in —\n(a) any dispute arising out of any provision of, or any endorsement on, any covenant, agreement or other similar instrument which was entered into or executed by any person referred to in clause (1), or arising out of any letter issued to such person, in relation to his appointment to any civil service of the Crown in India or his continuance in service under the Government of the Dominion of India or a Province thereof;\n(b) any dispute in respect of any right, liability or obligation under article 314 as originally enacted.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in article 314 as originally enacted or in any other provision of this Constitution.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 312A के तहत 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "Premise: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave and pension and the rights as respects disciplinary matters of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, continue on and after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, to serve under the Government of India or of a State in any service or post;\n(b) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of service as respects pension of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, retired or otherwise ceased to be in service at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentyeighth Amendment) Act, 1972:\nProvided that in the case of any such person who is holding or has held the office of the Chief Justice or other Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the Chairman or other member of the Union or a State Public Service Commission or the Chief Election Commissioner, nothing in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) shall be construed as empowering Parliament to vary or revoke, after his appointment to such post, the conditions of his service to his disadvantage except in so far as such conditions of service are applicable to him by reason of his being a person appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India.\n(2) Except to the extent provided for by Parliament by law under this article, nothing in this article shall affect the power of any Legislature or other authority under any other provision of this Constitution to regulate the conditions of service of persons referred to in clause (1).\n(3) Neither the Supreme Court nor any other court shall have jurisdiction in —\n(a) any dispute arising out of any provision of, or any endorsement on, any covenant, agreement or other similar instrument which was entered into or executed by any person referred to in clause (1), or arising out of any letter issued to such person, in relation to his appointment to any civil service of the Crown in India or his continuance in service under the Government of the Dominion of India or a Province thereof;\n(b) any dispute in respect of any right, liability or obligation under article 314 as originally enacted.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in article 314 as originally enacted or in any other provision of this Constitution.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave and pension and the rights as respects disciplinary matters of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, continue on and after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, to serve under the Government of India or of a State in any service or post;\n(b) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of service as respects pension of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, retired or otherwise ceased to be in service at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentyeighth Amendment) Act, 1972:\nProvided that in the case of any such person who is holding or has held the office of the Chief Justice or other Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the Chairman or other member of the Union or a State Public Service Commission or the Chief Election Commissioner, nothing in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) shall be construed as empowering Parliament to vary or revoke, after his appointment to such post, the conditions of his service to his disadvantage except in so far as such conditions of service are applicable to him by reason of his being a person appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India.\n(2) Except to the extent provided for by Parliament by law under this article, nothing in this article shall affect the power of any Legislature or other authority under any other provision of this Constitution to regulate the conditions of service of persons referred to in clause (1).\n(3) Neither the Supreme Court nor any other court shall have jurisdiction in —\n(a) any dispute arising out of any provision of, or any endorsement on, any covenant, agreement or other similar instrument which was entered into or executed by any person referred to in clause (1), or arising out of any letter issued to such person, in relation to his appointment to any civil service of the Crown in India or his continuance in service under the Government of the Dominion of India or a Province thereof;\n(b) any dispute in respect of any right, liability or obligation under article 314 as originally enacted.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in article 314 as originally enacted or in any other provision of this Constitution.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "Premise: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave and pension and the rights as respects disciplinary matters of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, continue on and after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, to serve under the Government of India or of a State in any service or post;\n(b) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of service as respects pension of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, retired or otherwise ceased to be in service at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentyeighth Amendment) Act, 1972:\nProvided that in the case of any such person who is holding or has held the office of the Chief Justice or other Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the Chairman or other member of the Union or a State Public Service Commission or the Chief Election Commissioner, nothing in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) shall be construed as empowering Parliament to vary or revoke, after his appointment to such post, the conditions of his service to his disadvantage except in so far as such conditions of service are applicable to him by reason of his being a person appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India.\n(2) Except to the extent provided for by Parliament by law under this article, nothing in this article shall affect the power of any Legislature or other authority under any other provision of this Constitution to regulate the conditions of service of persons referred to in clause (1).\n(3) Neither the Supreme Court nor any other court shall have jurisdiction in —\n(a) any dispute arising out of any provision of, or any endorsement on, any covenant, agreement or other similar instrument which was entered into or executed by any person referred to in clause (1), or arising out of any letter issued to such person, in relation to his appointment to any civil service of the Crown in India or his continuance in service under the Government of the Dominion of India or a Province thereof;\n(b) any dispute in respect of any right, liability or obligation under article 314 as originally enacted.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in article 314 as originally enacted or in any other provision of this Constitution.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave and pension and the rights as respects disciplinary matters of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, continue on and after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972, to serve under the Government of India or of a State in any service or post;\n(b) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of service as respects pension of persons who, having been appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India before the commencement of this Constitution, retired or otherwise ceased to be in service at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentyeighth Amendment) Act, 1972:\nProvided that in the case of any such person who is holding or has held the office of the Chief Justice or other Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court, the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, the Chairman or other member of the Union or a State Public Service Commission or the Chief Election Commissioner, nothing in sub-clause (a) or sub-clause (b) shall be construed as empowering Parliament to vary or revoke, after his appointment to such post, the conditions of his service to his disadvantage except in so far as such conditions of service are applicable to him by reason of his being a person appointed by the Secretary of State or Secretary of State in Council to a civil service of the Crown in India.\n(2) Except to the extent provided for by Parliament by law under this article, nothing in this article shall affect the power of any Legislature or other authority under any other provision of this Constitution to regulate the conditions of service of persons referred to in clause (1).\n(3) Neither the Supreme Court nor any other court shall have jurisdiction in —\n(a) any dispute arising out of any provision of, or any endorsement on, any covenant, agreement or other similar instrument which was entered into or executed by any person referred to in clause (1), or arising out of any letter issued to such person, in relation to his appointment to any civil service of the Crown in India or his continuance in service under the Government of the Dominion of India or a Province thereof;\n(b) any dispute in respect of any right, liability or obligation under article 314 as originally enacted.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in article 314 as originally enacted or in any other provision of this Constitution.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 312A: Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services\nText: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave a...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 312A deals with 'Power of Parliament to Vary or Revoke Conditions of Service of Officers of Certain Services' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_312a_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 312A", "title": "कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 312A: कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति\nपाठ: (1) Parliament may by law —\n(a) vary or revoke, whether prospectively or retrospectively, the conditions of services as respects remuneration, leave a...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 312A 'कुछ सेवाओं के अधिकारियों की सेवा शर्तों को बदलने या रद्द करने की संसद की शक्ति' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "What does Article 315 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 315 governs 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States'. The constitutional text states: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 315 is titled 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 315 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 315 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 315 का शीर्षक 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States'?", "output": "Article 315", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States' under the provisions of Article 315.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 315", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 315 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 315.", "reasoning": "Article 315 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 315 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 315 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "Summarize Article 315 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 315 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 315 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 315 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 315 (Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States).", "output": "Article Article 315 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 315 ('संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 315 भारत के संविधान में 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.\n(2) Two or more States may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States, and if a resolution to that effect is passed by the House or, where there are two Houses, by each House of the Legislature of each of those States, Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (referred to in this Chapter as Joint Commission) to serve the needs of those States.\n(3) Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of the law.\n(4) The Public Service Commission for the Union, if requested so to do by the Governor of a State, may, with the approval of the President, agree to serve all or any of the needs of the State.\n(5) References in this Constitution to the Union Public Service Commission or a State Public Service Commission shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to the Commission serving the needs of the Union or, as the case may be, the State as respects the particular matter in question.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States' under Article 315.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.\n(2) Two or more States may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States, and if a resolution to that effect is passed by the House or, where there are two Houses, by each House of the Legislature of each of those States, Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (referred to in this Chapter as Joint Commission) to serve the needs of those States.\n(3) Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of the law.\n(4) The Public Service Commission for the Union, if requested so to do by the Governor of a State, may, with the approval of the President, agree to serve all or any of the needs of the State.\n(5) References in this Constitution to the Union Public Service Commission or a State Public Service Commission shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to the Commission serving the needs of the Union or, as the case may be, the State as respects the particular matter in question.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 315 के तहत 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.\n(2) Two or more States may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States, and if a resolution to that effect is passed by the House or, where there are two Houses, by each House of the Legislature of each of those States, Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (referred to in this Chapter as Joint Commission) to serve the needs of those States.\n(3) Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of the law.\n(4) The Public Service Commission for the Union, if requested so to do by the Governor of a State, may, with the approval of the President, agree to serve all or any of the needs of the State.\n(5) References in this Constitution to the Union Public Service Commission or a State Public Service Commission shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to the Commission serving the needs of the Union or, as the case may be, the State as respects the particular matter in question.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.\n(2) Two or more States may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States, and if a resolution to that effect is passed by the House or, where there are two Houses, by each House of the Legislature of each of those States, Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (referred to in this Chapter as Joint Commission) to serve the needs of those States.\n(3) Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of the law.\n(4) The Public Service Commission for the Union, if requested so to do by the Governor of a State, may, with the approval of the President, agree to serve all or any of the needs of the State.\n(5) References in this Constitution to the Union Public Service Commission or a State Public Service Commission shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to the Commission serving the needs of the Union or, as the case may be, the State as respects the particular matter in question.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "Premise: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.\n(2) Two or more States may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States, and if a resolution to that effect is passed by the House or, where there are two Houses, by each House of the Legislature of each of those States, Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (referred to in this Chapter as Joint Commission) to serve the needs of those States.\n(3) Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of the law.\n(4) The Public Service Commission for the Union, if requested so to do by the Governor of a State, may, with the approval of the President, agree to serve all or any of the needs of the State.\n(5) References in this Constitution to the Union Public Service Commission or a State Public Service Commission shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to the Commission serving the needs of the Union or, as the case may be, the State as respects the particular matter in question.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.\n(2) Two or more States may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States, and if a resolution to that effect is passed by the House or, where there are two Houses, by each House of the Legislature of each of those States, Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (referred to in this Chapter as Joint Commission) to serve the needs of those States.\n(3) Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of the law.\n(4) The Public Service Commission for the Union, if requested so to do by the Governor of a State, may, with the approval of the President, agree to serve all or any of the needs of the State.\n(5) References in this Constitution to the Union Public Service Commission or a State Public Service Commission shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to the Commission serving the needs of the Union or, as the case may be, the State as respects the particular matter in question.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 315", "title": "Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 315: Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States\nText: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 315 deals with 'Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_315_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 315", "title": "संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 315: संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग\nपाठ: (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 315 'संघ और राज्यों के लिए लोक सेवा आयोग' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "What does Article 323B of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 323B governs 'Tribunals for Other Matters'. The constitutional text states: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 323B is titled 'Tribunals for Other Matters' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 323B क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 323B 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 323B का शीर्षक 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Tribunals for Other Matters'?", "output": "Article 323B", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Tribunals for Other Matters' under the provisions of Article 323B.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 323B", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 323B के प्रावधानों के तहत 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Tribunals for Other Matters'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 323B.", "reasoning": "Article 323B specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Tribunals for Other Matters' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 323B की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 323B विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "Summarize Article 323B of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 323B defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Tribunals for Other Matters'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 323B का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 323B 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 323B (Tribunals for Other Matters).", "output": "Article Article 323B establishes the fundamental framework for 'Tribunals for Other Matters' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 323B ('अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 323B भारत के संविधान में 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "Premise: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.\n(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely: —\n(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;\n(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;\n(c) industrial and labour disputes;\n(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;\n(e) ceiling on urban property;\n(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;\n(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;\n(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;\n(i) offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (h) and fees in respect of any of those matters;\n(j) any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (i).\n(3) A law made under clause (1) may —\n(a) provide for the establishment of a hierarchy of tribunals;\n(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;\n(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;\n(d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to all or any of the matters falling within the jurisdiction of the said tribunals;\n(e) provide for the transfer to each such tribunal of any cases pending before any court or any other authority immediately before the establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;\n(f) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as the appropriate Legislature may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.\nExplanation. — In this article, “appropriate Legislature”, in relation to any matter, means Parliament or, as the case may be, a State Legislature competent to make laws with respect to such matter in accordance with the provisions of Part XI.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Tribunals for Other Matters' under Article 323B.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.\n(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely: —\n(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;\n(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;\n(c) industrial and labour disputes;\n(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;\n(e) ceiling on urban property;\n(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;\n(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;\n(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;\n(i) offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (h) and fees in respect of any of those matters;\n(j) any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (i).\n(3) A law made under clause (1) may —\n(a) provide for the establishment of a hierarchy of tribunals;\n(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;\n(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;\n(d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to all or any of the matters falling within the jurisdiction of the said tribunals;\n(e) provide for the transfer to each such tribunal of any cases pending before any court or any other authority immediately before the establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;\n(f) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as the appropriate Legislature may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.\nExplanation. — In this article, “appropriate Legislature”, in relation to any matter, means Parliament or, as the case may be, a State Legislature competent to make laws with respect to such matter in accordance with the provisions of Part XI.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 323B के तहत 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "Premise: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.\n(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely: —\n(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;\n(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;\n(c) industrial and labour disputes;\n(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;\n(e) ceiling on urban property;\n(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;\n(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;\n(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;\n(i) offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (h) and fees in respect of any of those matters;\n(j) any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (i).\n(3) A law made under clause (1) may —\n(a) provide for the establishment of a hierarchy of tribunals;\n(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;\n(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;\n(d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to all or any of the matters falling within the jurisdiction of the said tribunals;\n(e) provide for the transfer to each such tribunal of any cases pending before any court or any other authority immediately before the establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;\n(f) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as the appropriate Legislature may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.\nExplanation. — In this article, “appropriate Legislature”, in relation to any matter, means Parliament or, as the case may be, a State Legislature competent to make laws with respect to such matter in accordance with the provisions of Part XI.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Tribunals for Other Matters'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.\n(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely: —\n(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;\n(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;\n(c) industrial and labour disputes;\n(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;\n(e) ceiling on urban property;\n(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;\n(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;\n(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;\n(i) offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (h) and fees in respect of any of those matters;\n(j) any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (i).\n(3) A law made under clause (1) may —\n(a) provide for the establishment of a hierarchy of tribunals;\n(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;\n(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;\n(d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to all or any of the matters falling within the jurisdiction of the said tribunals;\n(e) provide for the transfer to each such tribunal of any cases pending before any court or any other authority immediately before the establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;\n(f) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as the appropriate Legislature may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.\nExplanation. — In this article, “appropriate Legislature”, in relation to any matter, means Parliament or, as the case may be, a State Legislature competent to make laws with respect to such matter in accordance with the provisions of Part XI.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "Premise: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.\n(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely: —\n(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;\n(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;\n(c) industrial and labour disputes;\n(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;\n(e) ceiling on urban property;\n(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;\n(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;\n(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;\n(i) offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (h) and fees in respect of any of those matters;\n(j) any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (i).\n(3) A law made under clause (1) may —\n(a) provide for the establishment of a hierarchy of tribunals;\n(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;\n(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;\n(d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to all or any of the matters falling within the jurisdiction of the said tribunals;\n(e) provide for the transfer to each such tribunal of any cases pending before any court or any other authority immediately before the establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;\n(f) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as the appropriate Legislature may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.\nExplanation. — In this article, “appropriate Legislature”, in relation to any matter, means Parliament or, as the case may be, a State Legislature competent to make laws with respect to such matter in accordance with the provisions of Part XI.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.\n(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely: —\n(a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;\n(b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;\n(c) industrial and labour disputes;\n(d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;\n(e) ceiling on urban property;\n(f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;\n(g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;\n(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;\n(i) offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (h) and fees in respect of any of those matters;\n(j) any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (i).\n(3) A law made under clause (1) may —\n(a) provide for the establishment of a hierarchy of tribunals;\n(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;\n(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;\n(d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to all or any of the matters falling within the jurisdiction of the said tribunals;\n(e) provide for the transfer to each such tribunal of any cases pending before any court or any other authority immediately before the establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;\n(f) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as the appropriate Legislature may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.\n(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.\nExplanation. — In this article, “appropriate Legislature”, in relation to any matter, means Parliament or, as the case may be, a State Legislature competent to make laws with respect to such matter in accordance with the provisions of Part XI.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "Tribunals for Other Matters", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 323B: Tribunals for Other Matters\nText: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect ...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 323B deals with 'Tribunals for Other Matters' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_323b_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 323B", "title": "अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 323B: अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण\nपाठ: (1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect ...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 323B 'अन्य मामलों के लिए न्यायाधिकरण' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "What does Article 325 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 325 governs 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex'. The constitutional text states: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 325 is titled 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 325 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 325 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 325 का शीर्षक 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex'?", "output": "Article 325", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex' under the provisions of Article 325.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 325", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 325 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 325.", "reasoning": "Article 325 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 325 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 325 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "Summarize Article 325 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 325 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 325 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 325 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 325 (No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex).", "output": "Article Article 325 establishes the fundamental framework for 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either Hous.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 325 ('कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 325 भारत के संविधान में 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either Hous...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "Premise: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex' under Article 325.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "आधार (Premise): There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 325 के तहत 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "Premise: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "आधार (Premise): There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "Premise: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "आधार (Premise): There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 325", "title": "No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 325: No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex\nText: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either Hous...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 325 deals with 'No Person to Be Ineligible for Inclusion In, or to Claim to Be Included in a Special, Electoral Roll on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste or Sex' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_325_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 325", "title": "कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 325: कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा\nपाठ: There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either Hous...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 325 'कोई भी व्यक्ति धर्म, नस्ल, जाति या लिंग के आधार पर किसी विशेष मतदाता सूची में शामिल होने या शामिल होने का दावा करने के लिए अयोग्य नहीं होगा' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "What does Article 346 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 346 governs 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union'. The constitutional text states: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one State and another State and between a State and the Union:\nProvided that if two or more States agree that the Hindi language should be the official language for communication between such States, that language may be used for such communication.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 346 is titled 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 346 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 346 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one State and another State and between a State and the Union:\nProvided that if two or more States agree that the Hindi language should be the official language for communication between such States, that language may be used for such communication.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 346 का शीर्षक 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union'?", "output": "Article 346", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union' under the provisions of Article 346.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 346", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 346 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 346.", "reasoning": "Article 346 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 346 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 346 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "Summarize Article 346 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 346 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 346 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 346 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 346 (Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union).", "output": "Article Article 346 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one Sta.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 346 ('एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 346 भारत के संविधान में 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one Sta...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "Premise: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one State and another State and between a State and the Union:\nProvided that if two or more States agree that the Hindi language should be the official language for communication between such States, that language may be used for such communication.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union' under Article 346.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "आधार (Premise): The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one State and another State and between a State and the Union:\nProvided that if two or more States agree that the Hindi language should be the official language for communication between such States, that language may be used for such communication.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 346 के तहत 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "Premise: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one State and another State and between a State and the Union:\nProvided that if two or more States agree that the Hindi language should be the official language for communication between such States, that language may be used for such communication.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "आधार (Premise): The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one State and another State and between a State and the Union:\nProvided that if two or more States agree that the Hindi language should be the official language for communication between such States, that language may be used for such communication.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "Premise: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one State and another State and between a State and the Union:\nProvided that if two or more States agree that the Hindi language should be the official language for communication between such States, that language may be used for such communication.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "आधार (Premise): The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one State and another State and between a State and the Union:\nProvided that if two or more States agree that the Hindi language should be the official language for communication between such States, that language may be used for such communication.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 346", "title": "Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 346: Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union\nText: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one Sta...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 346 deals with 'Official Language for Communication Between One State and Another or Between a State and the Union' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_346_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 346", "title": "एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 346: एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा\nपाठ: The language for the time being authorised for use in the Union for official purposes shall be the official language for communication between one Sta...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 346 'एक राज्य और दूसरे राज्य के बीच या एक राज्य और संघ के बीच संचार के लिए राजभाषा' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "What does Article 348 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 348 governs 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc'. The constitutional text states: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,\n(b) the authoritative texts —\n(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State,\n(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and\n(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State,\nshall be in the English language.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 348 is titled 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 348 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 348 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,\n(b) the authoritative texts —\n(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State,\n(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and\n(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State,\nshall be in the English language.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 348 का शीर्षक 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc'?", "output": "Article 348", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc' under the provisions of Article 348.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 348", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 348 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 348.", "reasoning": "Article 348 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 348 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 348 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "Summarize Article 348 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 348 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 348 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 348 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 348 (Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc).", "output": "Article Article 348 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 348 ('सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 348 भारत के संविधान में 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,\n(b) the authoritative texts —\n(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State,\n(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and\n(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State,\nshall be in the English language.\n(2) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (a) of clause (1), the Governor of a State may, with the previous consent of the President, authorise the use of the Hindi language, or any other language used for any official purposes of the State, in proceedings in the High Court having its principal seat in that State: Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply to any judgment, decree or order passed or made by such High Court.\n(3) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (b) of clause (1), where the Legislature of a State has prescribed any language other than the English language for use in Bills introduced in, or Acts passed by, the Legislature of the State or in Ordinances promulgated by the Governor of the State or in any order, rule, regulation or bye-law referred to in paragraph (iii) of that sub-clause, a translation of the same in the English language published under the authority of the Governor of the State in the Official Gazette of that State shall be deemed to be the authoritative text thereof in the English language under this article.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc' under Article 348.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,\n(b) the authoritative texts —\n(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State,\n(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and\n(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State,\nshall be in the English language.\n(2) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (a) of clause (1), the Governor of a State may, with the previous consent of the President, authorise the use of the Hindi language, or any other language used for any official purposes of the State, in proceedings in the High Court having its principal seat in that State: Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply to any judgment, decree or order passed or made by such High Court.\n(3) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (b) of clause (1), where the Legislature of a State has prescribed any language other than the English language for use in Bills introduced in, or Acts passed by, the Legislature of the State or in Ordinances promulgated by the Governor of the State or in any order, rule, regulation or bye-law referred to in paragraph (iii) of that sub-clause, a translation of the same in the English language published under the authority of the Governor of the State in the Official Gazette of that State shall be deemed to be the authoritative text thereof in the English language under this article.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 348 के तहत 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,\n(b) the authoritative texts —\n(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State,\n(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and\n(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State,\nshall be in the English language.\n(2) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (a) of clause (1), the Governor of a State may, with the previous consent of the President, authorise the use of the Hindi language, or any other language used for any official purposes of the State, in proceedings in the High Court having its principal seat in that State: Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply to any judgment, decree or order passed or made by such High Court.\n(3) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (b) of clause (1), where the Legislature of a State has prescribed any language other than the English language for use in Bills introduced in, or Acts passed by, the Legislature of the State or in Ordinances promulgated by the Governor of the State or in any order, rule, regulation or bye-law referred to in paragraph (iii) of that sub-clause, a translation of the same in the English language published under the authority of the Governor of the State in the Official Gazette of that State shall be deemed to be the authoritative text thereof in the English language under this article.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,\n(b) the authoritative texts —\n(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State,\n(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and\n(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State,\nshall be in the English language.\n(2) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (a) of clause (1), the Governor of a State may, with the previous consent of the President, authorise the use of the Hindi language, or any other language used for any official purposes of the State, in proceedings in the High Court having its principal seat in that State: Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply to any judgment, decree or order passed or made by such High Court.\n(3) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (b) of clause (1), where the Legislature of a State has prescribed any language other than the English language for use in Bills introduced in, or Acts passed by, the Legislature of the State or in Ordinances promulgated by the Governor of the State or in any order, rule, regulation or bye-law referred to in paragraph (iii) of that sub-clause, a translation of the same in the English language published under the authority of the Governor of the State in the Official Gazette of that State shall be deemed to be the authoritative text thereof in the English language under this article.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,\n(b) the authoritative texts —\n(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State,\n(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and\n(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State,\nshall be in the English language.\n(2) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (a) of clause (1), the Governor of a State may, with the previous consent of the President, authorise the use of the Hindi language, or any other language used for any official purposes of the State, in proceedings in the High Court having its principal seat in that State: Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply to any judgment, decree or order passed or made by such High Court.\n(3) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (b) of clause (1), where the Legislature of a State has prescribed any language other than the English language for use in Bills introduced in, or Acts passed by, the Legislature of the State or in Ordinances promulgated by the Governor of the State or in any order, rule, regulation or bye-law referred to in paragraph (iii) of that sub-clause, a translation of the same in the English language published under the authority of the Governor of the State in the Official Gazette of that State shall be deemed to be the authoritative text thereof in the English language under this article.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court,\n(b) the authoritative texts —\n(i) of all Bills to be introduced or amendments thereto to be moved in either House of Parliament or in the House or either House of the Legislature of a State,\n(ii) of all Acts passed by Parliament or the Legislature of a State and of all Ordinances promulgated by the President or the Governor of a State, and\n(iii) of all orders, rules, regulations and bye-laws issued under this Constitution or under any law made by Parliament or the Legislature of a State,\nshall be in the English language.\n(2) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (a) of clause (1), the Governor of a State may, with the previous consent of the President, authorise the use of the Hindi language, or any other language used for any official purposes of the State, in proceedings in the High Court having its principal seat in that State: Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply to any judgment, decree or order passed or made by such High Court.\n(3) Notwithstanding anything in sub-clause (b) of clause (1), where the Legislature of a State has prescribed any language other than the English language for use in Bills introduced in, or Acts passed by, the Legislature of the State or in Ordinances promulgated by the Governor of the State or in any order, rule, regulation or bye-law referred to in paragraph (iii) of that sub-clause, a translation of the same in the English language published under the authority of the Governor of the State in the Official Gazette of that State shall be deemed to be the authoritative text thereof in the English language under this article.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 348", "title": "Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 348: Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc\nText: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 348 deals with 'Language to Be Used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, Etc' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_348_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 348", "title": "सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 348: सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा\nपाठ: (1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Part, until Parliament by law otherwise provides —\n(a) all proceedings in the Supreme...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 348 'सर्वोच्च न्यायालय और उच्च न्यायालयों में और अधिनियमों, विधेयकों आदि के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली भाषा' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "What does Article 361A of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 361A governs 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures'. The constitutional text states: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true report of any proceedings of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State, unless the publication is proved to have been made with malice:\nProvided that nothing in this clause shall apply to the publication of any report of the proceedings of a secret sitting of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 361A is titled 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 361A क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 361A 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true report of any proceedings of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State, unless the publication is proved to have been made with malice:\nProvided that nothing in this clause shall apply to the publication of any report of the proceedings of a secret sitting of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 361A का शीर्षक 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures'?", "output": "Article 361A", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures' under the provisions of Article 361A.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 361A", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 361A के प्रावधानों के तहत 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 361A.", "reasoning": "Article 361A specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 361A की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 361A विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "Summarize Article 361A of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 361A defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 361A का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 361A 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 361A (Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures).", "output": "Article Article 361A establishes the fundamental framework for 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 361A ('संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 361A भारत के संविधान में 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "Premise: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true report of any proceedings of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State, unless the publication is proved to have been made with malice:\nProvided that nothing in this clause shall apply to the publication of any report of the proceedings of a secret sitting of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State.\n(2) Clause (1) shall apply in relation to reports or matters broadcast by means of wireless telegraphy as part of any programme or service provided by means of a broadcasting station as it applies in relation to reports or matters published in a newspaper.\nExplanation. — In this article, “newspaper” includes a news agency report containing material for publication in a newspaper .\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures' under Article 361A.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true report of any proceedings of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State, unless the publication is proved to have been made with malice:\nProvided that nothing in this clause shall apply to the publication of any report of the proceedings of a secret sitting of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State.\n(2) Clause (1) shall apply in relation to reports or matters broadcast by means of wireless telegraphy as part of any programme or service provided by means of a broadcasting station as it applies in relation to reports or matters published in a newspaper.\nExplanation. — In this article, “newspaper” includes a news agency report containing material for publication in a newspaper .\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 361A के तहत 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "Premise: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true report of any proceedings of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State, unless the publication is proved to have been made with malice:\nProvided that nothing in this clause shall apply to the publication of any report of the proceedings of a secret sitting of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State.\n(2) Clause (1) shall apply in relation to reports or matters broadcast by means of wireless telegraphy as part of any programme or service provided by means of a broadcasting station as it applies in relation to reports or matters published in a newspaper.\nExplanation. — In this article, “newspaper” includes a news agency report containing material for publication in a newspaper .\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true report of any proceedings of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State, unless the publication is proved to have been made with malice:\nProvided that nothing in this clause shall apply to the publication of any report of the proceedings of a secret sitting of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State.\n(2) Clause (1) shall apply in relation to reports or matters broadcast by means of wireless telegraphy as part of any programme or service provided by means of a broadcasting station as it applies in relation to reports or matters published in a newspaper.\nExplanation. — In this article, “newspaper” includes a news agency report containing material for publication in a newspaper .\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "Premise: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true report of any proceedings of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State, unless the publication is proved to have been made with malice:\nProvided that nothing in this clause shall apply to the publication of any report of the proceedings of a secret sitting of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State.\n(2) Clause (1) shall apply in relation to reports or matters broadcast by means of wireless telegraphy as part of any programme or service provided by means of a broadcasting station as it applies in relation to reports or matters published in a newspaper.\nExplanation. — In this article, “newspaper” includes a news agency report containing material for publication in a newspaper .\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true report of any proceedings of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State, unless the publication is proved to have been made with malice:\nProvided that nothing in this clause shall apply to the publication of any report of the proceedings of a secret sitting of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly, or, as the case may be, either House of the Legislature, of a State.\n(2) Clause (1) shall apply in relation to reports or matters broadcast by means of wireless telegraphy as part of any programme or service provided by means of a broadcasting station as it applies in relation to reports or matters published in a newspaper.\nExplanation. — In this article, “newspaper” includes a news agency report containing material for publication in a newspaper .\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 361A: Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures\nText: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 361A deals with 'Protection of Publication of Proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_361a_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 361A", "title": "संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 361A: संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण\nपाठ: (1) No person shall be liable to any proceedings, civil or criminal, in any court in respect of the publication in a newspaper of a substantially true...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 361A 'संसद और राज्य विधानमंडलों की कार्यवाही के प्रकाशन का संरक्षण' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "What does Article 371H of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 371H governs 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh'. The constitutional text states: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh and in the discharge of his functions in relation thereto, the Governor shall, after consulting the Council of Ministers, exercise his individual judgment as to the action to be taken:\nProvided that if any question arises whether any matter is or is not a matter as respects which the Governor is under this clause required to act in the exercise of his individual judgment, the decision of the Governor in his discretion shall be final, and the validity of anything done by the Governor shall not be called in question on the ground that he ought or ought not to have acted in the exercise of his individual judgment:\nProvided further that if the President on receipt of a report from the Governor or otherwise is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the Governor to have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, he may by order direct that the Governor shall cease to have such responsibility with effect from such date as may be specified in the order;\n(b) the Legislative Assembly of the State of Arunachal Pradesh shall consist of not less than thirty members.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 371H is titled 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 371H क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 371H 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh and in the discharge of his functions in relation thereto, the Governor shall, after consulting the Council of Ministers, exercise his individual judgment as to the action to be taken:\nProvided that if any question arises whether any matter is or is not a matter as respects which the Governor is under this clause required to act in the exercise of his individual judgment, the decision of the Governor in his discretion shall be final, and the validity of anything done by the Governor shall not be called in question on the ground that he ought or ought not to have acted in the exercise of his individual judgment:\nProvided further that if the President on receipt of a report from the Governor or otherwise is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the Governor to have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, he may by order direct that the Governor shall cease to have such responsibility with effect from such date as may be specified in the order;\n(b) the Legislative Assembly of the State of Arunachal Pradesh shall consist of not less than thirty members.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 371H का शीर्षक 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh'?", "output": "Article 371H", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh' under the provisions of Article 371H.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 371H", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 371H के प्रावधानों के तहत 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 371H.", "reasoning": "Article 371H specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 371H की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 371H विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "Summarize Article 371H of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 371H defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 371H का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 371H 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 371H (Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh).", "output": "Article Article 371H establishes the fundamental framework for 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 371H ('अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 371H भारत के संविधान में 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "Premise: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh and in the discharge of his functions in relation thereto, the Governor shall, after consulting the Council of Ministers, exercise his individual judgment as to the action to be taken:\nProvided that if any question arises whether any matter is or is not a matter as respects which the Governor is under this clause required to act in the exercise of his individual judgment, the decision of the Governor in his discretion shall be final, and the validity of anything done by the Governor shall not be called in question on the ground that he ought or ought not to have acted in the exercise of his individual judgment:\nProvided further that if the President on receipt of a report from the Governor or otherwise is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the Governor to have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, he may by order direct that the Governor shall cease to have such responsibility with effect from such date as may be specified in the order;\n(b) the Legislative Assembly of the State of Arunachal Pradesh shall consist of not less than thirty members.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh' under Article 371H.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "आधार (Premise): Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh and in the discharge of his functions in relation thereto, the Governor shall, after consulting the Council of Ministers, exercise his individual judgment as to the action to be taken:\nProvided that if any question arises whether any matter is or is not a matter as respects which the Governor is under this clause required to act in the exercise of his individual judgment, the decision of the Governor in his discretion shall be final, and the validity of anything done by the Governor shall not be called in question on the ground that he ought or ought not to have acted in the exercise of his individual judgment:\nProvided further that if the President on receipt of a report from the Governor or otherwise is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the Governor to have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, he may by order direct that the Governor shall cease to have such responsibility with effect from such date as may be specified in the order;\n(b) the Legislative Assembly of the State of Arunachal Pradesh shall consist of not less than thirty members.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 371H के तहत 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "Premise: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh and in the discharge of his functions in relation thereto, the Governor shall, after consulting the Council of Ministers, exercise his individual judgment as to the action to be taken:\nProvided that if any question arises whether any matter is or is not a matter as respects which the Governor is under this clause required to act in the exercise of his individual judgment, the decision of the Governor in his discretion shall be final, and the validity of anything done by the Governor shall not be called in question on the ground that he ought or ought not to have acted in the exercise of his individual judgment:\nProvided further that if the President on receipt of a report from the Governor or otherwise is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the Governor to have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, he may by order direct that the Governor shall cease to have such responsibility with effect from such date as may be specified in the order;\n(b) the Legislative Assembly of the State of Arunachal Pradesh shall consist of not less than thirty members.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "आधार (Premise): Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh and in the discharge of his functions in relation thereto, the Governor shall, after consulting the Council of Ministers, exercise his individual judgment as to the action to be taken:\nProvided that if any question arises whether any matter is or is not a matter as respects which the Governor is under this clause required to act in the exercise of his individual judgment, the decision of the Governor in his discretion shall be final, and the validity of anything done by the Governor shall not be called in question on the ground that he ought or ought not to have acted in the exercise of his individual judgment:\nProvided further that if the President on receipt of a report from the Governor or otherwise is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the Governor to have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, he may by order direct that the Governor shall cease to have such responsibility with effect from such date as may be specified in the order;\n(b) the Legislative Assembly of the State of Arunachal Pradesh shall consist of not less than thirty members.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "Premise: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh and in the discharge of his functions in relation thereto, the Governor shall, after consulting the Council of Ministers, exercise his individual judgment as to the action to be taken:\nProvided that if any question arises whether any matter is or is not a matter as respects which the Governor is under this clause required to act in the exercise of his individual judgment, the decision of the Governor in his discretion shall be final, and the validity of anything done by the Governor shall not be called in question on the ground that he ought or ought not to have acted in the exercise of his individual judgment:\nProvided further that if the President on receipt of a report from the Governor or otherwise is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the Governor to have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, he may by order direct that the Governor shall cease to have such responsibility with effect from such date as may be specified in the order;\n(b) the Legislative Assembly of the State of Arunachal Pradesh shall consist of not less than thirty members.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "आधार (Premise): Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh and in the discharge of his functions in relation thereto, the Governor shall, after consulting the Council of Ministers, exercise his individual judgment as to the action to be taken:\nProvided that if any question arises whether any matter is or is not a matter as respects which the Governor is under this clause required to act in the exercise of his individual judgment, the decision of the Governor in his discretion shall be final, and the validity of anything done by the Governor shall not be called in question on the ground that he ought or ought not to have acted in the exercise of his individual judgment:\nProvided further that if the President on receipt of a report from the Governor or otherwise is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the Governor to have special responsibility with respect to law and order in the State of Arunachal Pradesh, he may by order direct that the Governor shall cease to have such responsibility with effect from such date as may be specified in the order;\n(b) the Legislative Assembly of the State of Arunachal Pradesh shall consist of not less than thirty members.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 371H: Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh\nText: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 371H deals with 'Special Provision with Respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_371h_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 371H", "title": "अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 371H: अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान\nपाठ: Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, —\n(a) the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh shall have special responsibility with respect to law and order...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 371H 'अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य के संबंध में विशेष प्रावधान' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "What does Article 372A of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 372A governs 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws'. The constitutional text states: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, into accord with the provisions of this Constitution as amended by that Act, the President may by order made before the first day of November, 1957, make such adaptations and modifications of the law, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as may be necessary or expedient, and provide that the law shall, as from such date as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made, and any such adaptation or modification shall not be questioned in any court of law.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 372A is titled 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 372A क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 372A 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, into accord with the provisions of this Constitution as amended by that Act, the President may by order made before the first day of November, 1957, make such adaptations and modifications of the law, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as may be necessary or expedient, and provide that the law shall, as from such date as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made, and any such adaptation or modification shall not be questioned in any court of law.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 372A का शीर्षक 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws'?", "output": "Article 372A", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws' under the provisions of Article 372A.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 372A", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 372A के प्रावधानों के तहत 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 372A.", "reasoning": "Article 372A specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 372A की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 372A विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "Summarize Article 372A of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 372A defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 372A का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 372A 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 372A (Power of the President to Adapt Laws).", "output": "Article Article 372A establishes the fundamental framework for 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Consti.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 372A ('कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 372A भारत के संविधान में 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Consti...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "Premise: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, into accord with the provisions of this Constitution as amended by that Act, the President may by order made before the first day of November, 1957, make such adaptations and modifications of the law, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as may be necessary or expedient, and provide that the law shall, as from such date as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made, and any such adaptation or modification shall not be questioned in any court of law.\n(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall be deemed to prevent a competent Legislature or other competent authority from repealing or amending any law adapted or modified by the President under the said clause.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws' under Article 372A.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, into accord with the provisions of this Constitution as amended by that Act, the President may by order made before the first day of November, 1957, make such adaptations and modifications of the law, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as may be necessary or expedient, and provide that the law shall, as from such date as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made, and any such adaptation or modification shall not be questioned in any court of law.\n(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall be deemed to prevent a competent Legislature or other competent authority from repealing or amending any law adapted or modified by the President under the said clause.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 372A के तहत 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "Premise: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, into accord with the provisions of this Constitution as amended by that Act, the President may by order made before the first day of November, 1957, make such adaptations and modifications of the law, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as may be necessary or expedient, and provide that the law shall, as from such date as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made, and any such adaptation or modification shall not be questioned in any court of law.\n(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall be deemed to prevent a competent Legislature or other competent authority from repealing or amending any law adapted or modified by the President under the said clause.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, into accord with the provisions of this Constitution as amended by that Act, the President may by order made before the first day of November, 1957, make such adaptations and modifications of the law, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as may be necessary or expedient, and provide that the law shall, as from such date as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made, and any such adaptation or modification shall not be questioned in any court of law.\n(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall be deemed to prevent a competent Legislature or other competent authority from repealing or amending any law adapted or modified by the President under the said clause.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "Premise: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, into accord with the provisions of this Constitution as amended by that Act, the President may by order made before the first day of November, 1957, make such adaptations and modifications of the law, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as may be necessary or expedient, and provide that the law shall, as from such date as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made, and any such adaptation or modification shall not be questioned in any court of law.\n(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall be deemed to prevent a competent Legislature or other competent authority from repealing or amending any law adapted or modified by the President under the said clause.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "आधार (Premise): (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, into accord with the provisions of this Constitution as amended by that Act, the President may by order made before the first day of November, 1957, make such adaptations and modifications of the law, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as may be necessary or expedient, and provide that the law shall, as from such date as may be specified in the order, have effect subject to the adaptations and modifications so made, and any such adaptation or modification shall not be questioned in any court of law.\n(2) Nothing in clause (1) shall be deemed to prevent a competent Legislature or other competent authority from repealing or amending any law adapted or modified by the President under the said clause.\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "Power of the President to Adapt Laws", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 372A: Power of the President to Adapt Laws\nText: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Consti...", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 372A deals with 'Power of the President to Adapt Laws' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_372a_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 372A", "title": "कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 372A: कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति\nपाठ: (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof, immediately before the commencement of the Consti...", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 372A 'कानूनों को अपनाने की राष्ट्रपति की शक्ति' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t1_qa1_en", "task_type": "qa", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "What does Article 393 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?", "output": "Article 393 governs 'Short Title'. The constitutional text states: This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.", "reasoning": "According to the Indian Constitution, Article 393 is titled 'Short Title' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t1_qa1_hi", "task_type": "qa", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "भारत के संविधान का Article 393 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?", "output": "Article 393 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: इस संविधान को भारत का संविधान कहा जा सकता है।.", "reasoning": "भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 393 का शीर्षक 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "synthetic_qa", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t2_ret1_en", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Short Title'?", "output": "Article 393", "reasoning": "The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Short Title' under the provisions of Article 393.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t2_ret1_hi", "task_type": "retrieval", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?", "output": "Article 393", "reasoning": "भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 393 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' स्थापित करता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t3_reas_en", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "Analyze the following legal scenario:\n\nA regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Short Title'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?\n\nIdentify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.", "output": "Potential relevance of Article 393.", "reasoning": "Article 393 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Short Title' under the Constitution of India.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t3_reas_hi", "task_type": "reasoning", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:\n\nएक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?\n\nसंवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।", "output": "Article 393 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।", "reasoning": "Article 393 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "synthetic_reasoning", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t4_sum_one_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "Summarize Article 393 of the Indian Constitution in one line.", "output": "Article 393 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Short Title'.", "reasoning": "One-line summary based on the official title of the article.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t4_sum_one_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 393 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।", "output": "Article 393 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t4_sum_short_en", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 393 (Short Title).", "output": "Article Article 393 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Short Title' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.. This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.", "reasoning": "Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t4_sum_short_hi", "task_type": "summarization", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "अनुच्छेद Article 393 ('संक्षिप्त शीर्षक') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।", "output": "अनुच्छेद Article 393 भारत के संविधान में 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: इस संविधान को भारत का संविधान कहा जा सकता है।। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।", "reasoning": "लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "summarization", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t5_ent_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "Premise: This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Short Title' under Article 393.", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t5_ent_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "आधार (Premise): इस संविधान को भारत का संविधान कहा जा सकता है।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 393 के तहत 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।", "output": "Entailment", "reasoning": "आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t5_cont_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "Premise: This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.\n\nHypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Short Title'.", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t5_cont_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "आधार (Premise): इस संविधान को भारत का संविधान कहा जा सकता है।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।", "output": "Contradiction", "reasoning": "परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t5_neut_en", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "Premise: This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.\n\nHypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t5_neut_hi", "task_type": "entailment", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "आधार (Premise): इस संविधान को भारत का संविधान कहा जा सकता है।\n\nपरिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।", "output": "Neutral", "reasoning": "यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।", "difficulty": "medium", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t7_class_en", "task_type": "classification", "language": "en", "article": "Article 393", "title": "Short Title", "input": "Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:\n\nArticle 393: Short Title\nText: This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.", "output": "Federal Structure", "reasoning": "Article 393 deals with 'Short Title' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Federal Structure'.", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_article_393_t7_class_hi", "task_type": "classification", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 393", "title": "संक्षिप्त शीर्षक", "input": "निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:\n\nArticle 393: संक्षिप्त शीर्षक\nपाठ: इस संविधान को भारत का संविधान कहा जा सकता है।", "output": "संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा", "reasoning": "Article 393 'संक्षिप्त शीर्षक' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'संवैधानिक संघ ढांचा' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।", "difficulty": "easy", "source_type": "constitution_text", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_link_article15_article14_en", "task_type": "linking", "language": "en", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Relation between Article 15 and Article 14", "input": "What is the formal constitutional relationship between Article 15 and Article 14 of the Indian Constitution?\nOptions: supports, extends, limits, references, related_to", "output": "supports", "reasoning": "Article 15 explicitly supports Article 14's broad guarantee of equality by prohibiting discrimination on specific social grounds.", "difficulty": "hard", "source_type": "article_linking", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}
{"id": "icb_link_article15_article14_hi", "task_type": "linking", "language": "hi", "article": "Article 15", "title": "Article 15 और Article 14 के बीच संबंध", "input": "भारतीय संविधान के Article 15 और Article 14 के बीच औपचारिक संवैधानिक संबंध क्या है?\nविकल्प: supports, extends, limits, references, related_to", "output": "supports", "reasoning": "अनुच्छेद 15 विशिष्ट सामाजिक आधारों पर भेदभाव को प्रतिबंधित करके अनुच्छेद 14 के समानता के व्यापक आश्वासन का स्पष्ट रूप से समर्थन (supports) करता है।", "difficulty": "hard", "source_type": "article_linking", "split": "test", "citation_evidence": "", "expert_reviewer_1": "", "expert_reviewer_2": ""}