Article 226

Input:
Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 32, every High Court shall have power, throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction, to issue to any person or authority, including in appropriate cases, any Government, within those territories directions, orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari, or any of them, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by Part III and for any other purpose.
(2) The power conferred by clause (1) to issue directions, orders or writs to any Government, authority or person may also be exercised by any High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to the territories within which the cause of action, wholly or in part, arises for the exercise of such power, notwithstanding that the seat of such Government or authority or the residence of such person is not within those territories.
(3) Where any party against whom an interim order, whether by way of injunction or stay or in any other manner, is made on, or in any proceedings relating to, a petition under clause (1), without —
(a) furnishing to such party copies of such petition and all documents in support of the plea for such interim order; and
(b) giving such party an opportunity of being heard,
makes an application to the High Court for the vacation of such order and furnishes a copy of such application to the party in whose favour such order has been made or the counsel of such party, the High Court shall dispose of the application within a period of two weeks from the date on which it is received or from the date on which the copy of such application is so furnished, whichever is later, or where the High Court is closed on the last day of that period, before the expiry of the next day afterwards on which the High Court is open; and if the application is not so disposed of, the interim order shall, on the expiry of that period, or, as the case may be, the expiry of the said next day, stand vacated.
(4) The power conferred on a High Court by this article shall not be in derogation of the power conferred on the Supreme Court by clause (2) of article 32.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Power of High Courts to Issue Certain Writs'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 226

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 32, every High Court shall have power, throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction, to issue to any person or authority, including in appropriate cases, any Government, within those territories directions, orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari, or any of them, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by Part III and for any other purpose.
(2) The power conferred by clause (1) to issue directions, orders or writs to any Government, authority or person may also be exercised by any High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to the territories within which the cause of action, wholly or in part, arises for the exercise of such power, notwithstanding that the seat of such Government or authority or the residence of such person is not within those territories.
(3) Where any party against whom an interim order, whether by way of injunction or stay or in any other manner, is made on, or in any proceedings relating to, a petition under clause (1), without —
(a) furnishing to such party copies of such petition and all documents in support of the plea for such interim order; and
(b) giving such party an opportunity of being heard,
makes an application to the High Court for the vacation of such order and furnishes a copy of such application to the party in whose favour such order has been made or the counsel of such party, the High Court shall dispose of the application within a period of two weeks from the date on which it is received or from the date on which the copy of such application is so furnished, whichever is later, or where the High Court is closed on the last day of that period, before the expiry of the next day afterwards on which the High Court is open; and if the application is not so disposed of, the interim order shall, on the expiry of that period, or, as the case may be, the expiry of the said next day, stand vacated.
(4) The power conferred on a High Court by this article shall not be in derogation of the power conferred on the Supreme Court by clause (2) of article 32.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कुछ रिट जारी करने की उच्च न्यायालयों की शक्ति' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 226

Power of High Courts to Issue Certain Writs

Input:
Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 32, every High Court shall have power, throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction, to issue to any person or authority, including in appropriate cases, any Government, within those territories directions, orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari, or any of them, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by Part III and for any other purpose.
(2) The power conferred by clause (1) to issue directions, orders or writs to any Government, authority or person may also be exercised by any High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to the territories within which the cause of action, wholly or in part, arises for the exercise of such power, notwithstanding that the seat of such Government or authority or the residence of such person is not within those territories.
(3) Where any party against whom an interim order, whether by way of injunction or stay or in any other manner, is made on, or in any proceedings relating to, a petition under clause (1), without —
(a) furnishing to such party copies of such petition and all documents in support of the plea for such interim order; and
(b) giving such party an opportunity of being heard,
makes an application to the High Court for the vacation of such order and furnishes a copy of such application to the party in whose favour such order has been made or the counsel of such party, the High Court shall dispose of the application within a period of two weeks from the date on which it is received or from the date on which the copy of such application is so furnished, whichever is later, or where the High Court is closed on the last day of that period, before the expiry of the next day afterwards on which the High Court is open; and if the application is not so disposed of, the interim order shall, on the expiry of that period, or, as the case may be, the expiry of the said next day, stand vacated.
(4) The power conferred on a High Court by this article shall not be in derogation of the power conferred on the Supreme Court by clause (2) of article 32.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 226

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 32, every High Court shall have power, throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction, to issue to any person or authority, including in appropriate cases, any Government, within those territories directions, orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari, or any of them, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by Part III and for any other purpose.
(2) The power conferred by clause (1) to issue directions, orders or writs to any Government, authority or person may also be exercised by any High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to the territories within which the cause of action, wholly or in part, arises for the exercise of such power, notwithstanding that the seat of such Government or authority or the residence of such person is not within those territories.
(3) Where any party against whom an interim order, whether by way of injunction or stay or in any other manner, is made on, or in any proceedings relating to, a petition under clause (1), without —
(a) furnishing to such party copies of such petition and all documents in support of the plea for such interim order; and
(b) giving such party an opportunity of being heard,
makes an application to the High Court for the vacation of such order and furnishes a copy of such application to the party in whose favour such order has been made or the counsel of such party, the High Court shall dispose of the application within a period of two weeks from the date on which it is received or from the date on which the copy of such application is so furnished, whichever is later, or where the High Court is closed on the last day of that period, before the expiry of the next day afterwards on which the High Court is open; and if the application is not so disposed of, the interim order shall, on the expiry of that period, or, as the case may be, the expiry of the said next day, stand vacated.
(4) The power conferred on a High Court by this article shall not be in derogation of the power conferred on the Supreme Court by clause (2) of article 32.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 226

Input:
Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:

Article 226: Power of High Courts to Issue Certain Writs
Text: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 32, every High Court shall have power, throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdicti...

Output: Judiciary

Explanation: Article 226 deals with 'Power of High Courts to Issue Certain Writs' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.


Article 226

Input:
निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:

Article 226: कुछ रिट जारी करने की उच्च न्यायालयों की शक्ति
पाठ: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 32, every High Court shall have power, throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdicti...

Output: न्यायपालिका

Explanation: Article 226 'कुछ रिट जारी करने की उच्च न्यायालयों की शक्ति' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।


Article 227

Input: What does Article 227 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?

Output: Article 227 governs 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court'. The constitutional text states: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.

Explanation: According to the Indian Constitution, Article 227 is titled 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.


Article 227

Input: भारत के संविधान का Article 227 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?

Output: Article 227 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.

Explanation: भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 227 का शीर्षक 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।


Article 227

Input: Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court'?

Output: Article 227

Explanation: The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court' under the provisions of Article 227.


Article 227

Input: भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?

Output: Article 227

Explanation: भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 227 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' स्थापित करता है।


Article 227

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 227.

Explanation: Article 227 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court' under the Constitution of India.


Article 227

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 227 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 227 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 227

Input: Summarize Article 227 of the Indian Constitution in one line.

Output: Article 227 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court'.

Explanation: One-line summary based on the official title of the article.


Article 227

Input: भारतीय संविधान के Article 227 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।

Output: Article 227 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।


Article 227

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 227 (Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court).

Output: Article Article 227 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdictio.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.

Explanation: Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.


Article 227

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 227 ('उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 227 भारत के संविधान में 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdictio...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।


Article 227

Input:
Premise: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the High Court may —
(a) call for returns from such courts;
(b) make and issue general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of such courts; and
(c) prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts shall be kept by the officers of any such courts.
(3) The High Court may also settle tables of fees to be allowed to the sheriff and all clerks and officers of such courts and to attorneys, advocates and pleaders practising therein:
Provided that any rules made, forms prescribed or tables settled under clause (2) or clause (3) shall not be inconsistent with the provision of any law for the time being in force, and shall require the previous approval of the Governor.
(4) Nothing in this article shall be deemed to confer on a High Court powers of superintendence over any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court' under Article 227.

Output: Entailment

Explanation: The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.


Article 227

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the High Court may —
(a) call for returns from such courts;
(b) make and issue general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of such courts; and
(c) prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts shall be kept by the officers of any such courts.
(3) The High Court may also settle tables of fees to be allowed to the sheriff and all clerks and officers of such courts and to attorneys, advocates and pleaders practising therein:
Provided that any rules made, forms prescribed or tables settled under clause (2) or clause (3) shall not be inconsistent with the provision of any law for the time being in force, and shall require the previous approval of the Governor.
(4) Nothing in this article shall be deemed to confer on a High Court powers of superintendence over any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 227 के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment

Explanation: आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।


Article 227

Input:
Premise: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the High Court may —
(a) call for returns from such courts;
(b) make and issue general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of such courts; and
(c) prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts shall be kept by the officers of any such courts.
(3) The High Court may also settle tables of fees to be allowed to the sheriff and all clerks and officers of such courts and to attorneys, advocates and pleaders practising therein:
Provided that any rules made, forms prescribed or tables settled under clause (2) or clause (3) shall not be inconsistent with the provision of any law for the time being in force, and shall require the previous approval of the Governor.
(4) Nothing in this article shall be deemed to confer on a High Court powers of superintendence over any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 227

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the High Court may —
(a) call for returns from such courts;
(b) make and issue general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of such courts; and
(c) prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts shall be kept by the officers of any such courts.
(3) The High Court may also settle tables of fees to be allowed to the sheriff and all clerks and officers of such courts and to attorneys, advocates and pleaders practising therein:
Provided that any rules made, forms prescribed or tables settled under clause (2) or clause (3) shall not be inconsistent with the provision of any law for the time being in force, and shall require the previous approval of the Governor.
(4) Nothing in this article shall be deemed to confer on a High Court powers of superintendence over any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 227

Input:
Premise: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the High Court may —
(a) call for returns from such courts;
(b) make and issue general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of such courts; and
(c) prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts shall be kept by the officers of any such courts.
(3) The High Court may also settle tables of fees to be allowed to the sheriff and all clerks and officers of such courts and to attorneys, advocates and pleaders practising therein:
Provided that any rules made, forms prescribed or tables settled under clause (2) or clause (3) shall not be inconsistent with the provision of any law for the time being in force, and shall require the previous approval of the Governor.
(4) Nothing in this article shall be deemed to confer on a High Court powers of superintendence over any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 227

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the High Court may —
(a) call for returns from such courts;
(b) make and issue general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of such courts; and
(c) prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts shall be kept by the officers of any such courts.
(3) The High Court may also settle tables of fees to be allowed to the sheriff and all clerks and officers of such courts and to attorneys, advocates and pleaders practising therein:
Provided that any rules made, forms prescribed or tables settled under clause (2) or clause (3) shall not be inconsistent with the provision of any law for the time being in force, and shall require the previous approval of the Governor.
(4) Nothing in this article shall be deemed to confer on a High Court powers of superintendence over any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 227

Input:
Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:

Article 227: Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court
Text: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdictio...

Output: Judiciary

Explanation: Article 227 deals with 'Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.


Article 227

Input:
निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:

Article 227: उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति
पाठ: (1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdictio...

Output: न्यायपालिका

Explanation: Article 227 'उच्च न्यायालय द्वारा सभी न्यायालयों पर अधीक्षण की शक्ति' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input: What does Article 228 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?

Output:
Article 228 governs 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court'. The constitutional text states: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may —
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment.

Explanation: According to the Indian Constitution, Article 228 is titled 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.


Article 228

Input: भारत के संविधान का Article 228 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?

Output:
Article 228 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may —
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment.

Explanation: भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 228 का शीर्षक 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input: Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court'?

Output: Article 228

Explanation: The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court' under the provisions of Article 228.


Article 228

Input: भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?

Output: Article 228

Explanation: भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 228 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' स्थापित करता है।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 228.

Explanation: Article 228 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court' under the Constitution of India.


Article 228

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 228 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 228 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input: Summarize Article 228 of the Indian Constitution in one line.

Output: Article 228 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court'.

Explanation: One-line summary based on the official title of the article.


Article 228

Input: भारतीय संविधान के Article 228 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।

Output: Article 228 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 228 (Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court).

Output: Article Article 228 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of thi.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.

Explanation: Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.


Article 228

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 228 ('कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 228 भारत के संविधान में 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of thi...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input:
Premise: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may —
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court' under Article 228.

Output: Entailment

Explanation: The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.


Article 228

Input:
आधार (Premise): If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may —
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 228 के तहत 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment

Explanation: आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input:
Premise: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may —
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 228

Input:
आधार (Premise): If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may —
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input:
Premise: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may —
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 228

Input:
आधार (Premise): If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may —
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 228

Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Input:
Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:

Article 228: Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court
Text: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of thi...

Output: Judiciary

Explanation: Article 228 deals with 'Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.


Article 228

Input:
निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:

Article 228: कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना
पाठ: If the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of thi...

Output: न्यायपालिका

Explanation: Article 228 'कुछ मामलों को उच्च न्यायालय में स्थानांतरित करना' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।


Article 229

Input: What does Article 229 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?

Output:
Article 229 governs 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts'. The constitutional text states: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct:
Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that in such cases as may be specified in the rule no person not already attached to the Court shall be appointed to any office connected with the Court save after consultation with the State Public Service Commission.

Explanation: According to the Indian Constitution, Article 229 is titled 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.


Article 229

Input: भारत के संविधान का Article 229 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?

Output:
Article 229 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct:
Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that in such cases as may be specified in the rule no person not already attached to the Court shall be appointed to any office connected with the Court save after consultation with the State Public Service Commission.

Explanation: भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 229 का शीर्षक 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।


Article 229

Input: Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts'?

Output: Article 229

Explanation: The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts' under the provisions of Article 229.


Article 229

Input: भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?

Output: Article 229

Explanation: भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 229 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' स्थापित करता है।


Article 229

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 229.

Explanation: Article 229 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts' under the Constitution of India.


Article 229

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 229 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 229 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 229

Input: Summarize Article 229 of the Indian Constitution in one line.

Output: Article 229 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts'.

Explanation: One-line summary based on the official title of the article.


Article 229

Input: भारतीय संविधान के Article 229 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।

Output: Article 229 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।


Article 229

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 229 (Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts).

Output: Article Article 229 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court .... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.

Explanation: Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.


Article 229

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 229 ('उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 229 भारत के संविधान में 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court ...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।


Article 229

Input:
Premise: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct:
Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that in such cases as may be specified in the rule no person not already attached to the Court shall be appointed to any office connected with the Court save after consultation with the State Public Service Commission.
(2) Subject to the provisions of any law made by the Legislature of the State, the conditions of service of officers and servants of a High Court shall be such as may be prescribed by rules made by the Chief Justice of the Court or by some other Judge or officer of the Court authorised by the Chief Justice to make rules for the purpose:
Provided that the rules made under this clause shall, so far as they relate to salaries, allowances, leave or pensions, require the approval of the Governor of the State.
(3) The administrative expenses of a High Court, including all salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the officers and servants of the Court, shall be charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State, and any fees or other moneys taken by the Court shall form part of that Fund.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts' under Article 229.

Output: Entailment

Explanation: The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.


Article 229

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct:
Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that in such cases as may be specified in the rule no person not already attached to the Court shall be appointed to any office connected with the Court save after consultation with the State Public Service Commission.
(2) Subject to the provisions of any law made by the Legislature of the State, the conditions of service of officers and servants of a High Court shall be such as may be prescribed by rules made by the Chief Justice of the Court or by some other Judge or officer of the Court authorised by the Chief Justice to make rules for the purpose:
Provided that the rules made under this clause shall, so far as they relate to salaries, allowances, leave or pensions, require the approval of the Governor of the State.
(3) The administrative expenses of a High Court, including all salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the officers and servants of the Court, shall be charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State, and any fees or other moneys taken by the Court shall form part of that Fund.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 229 के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment

Explanation: आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।


Article 229

Input:
Premise: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct:
Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that in such cases as may be specified in the rule no person not already attached to the Court shall be appointed to any office connected with the Court save after consultation with the State Public Service Commission.
(2) Subject to the provisions of any law made by the Legislature of the State, the conditions of service of officers and servants of a High Court shall be such as may be prescribed by rules made by the Chief Justice of the Court or by some other Judge or officer of the Court authorised by the Chief Justice to make rules for the purpose:
Provided that the rules made under this clause shall, so far as they relate to salaries, allowances, leave or pensions, require the approval of the Governor of the State.
(3) The administrative expenses of a High Court, including all salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the officers and servants of the Court, shall be charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State, and any fees or other moneys taken by the Court shall form part of that Fund.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 229

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct:
Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that in such cases as may be specified in the rule no person not already attached to the Court shall be appointed to any office connected with the Court save after consultation with the State Public Service Commission.
(2) Subject to the provisions of any law made by the Legislature of the State, the conditions of service of officers and servants of a High Court shall be such as may be prescribed by rules made by the Chief Justice of the Court or by some other Judge or officer of the Court authorised by the Chief Justice to make rules for the purpose:
Provided that the rules made under this clause shall, so far as they relate to salaries, allowances, leave or pensions, require the approval of the Governor of the State.
(3) The administrative expenses of a High Court, including all salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the officers and servants of the Court, shall be charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State, and any fees or other moneys taken by the Court shall form part of that Fund.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 229

Input:
Premise: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct:
Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that in such cases as may be specified in the rule no person not already attached to the Court shall be appointed to any office connected with the Court save after consultation with the State Public Service Commission.
(2) Subject to the provisions of any law made by the Legislature of the State, the conditions of service of officers and servants of a High Court shall be such as may be prescribed by rules made by the Chief Justice of the Court or by some other Judge or officer of the Court authorised by the Chief Justice to make rules for the purpose:
Provided that the rules made under this clause shall, so far as they relate to salaries, allowances, leave or pensions, require the approval of the Governor of the State.
(3) The administrative expenses of a High Court, including all salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the officers and servants of the Court, shall be charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State, and any fees or other moneys taken by the Court shall form part of that Fund.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 229

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct:
Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that in such cases as may be specified in the rule no person not already attached to the Court shall be appointed to any office connected with the Court save after consultation with the State Public Service Commission.
(2) Subject to the provisions of any law made by the Legislature of the State, the conditions of service of officers and servants of a High Court shall be such as may be prescribed by rules made by the Chief Justice of the Court or by some other Judge or officer of the Court authorised by the Chief Justice to make rules for the purpose:
Provided that the rules made under this clause shall, so far as they relate to salaries, allowances, leave or pensions, require the approval of the Governor of the State.
(3) The administrative expenses of a High Court, including all salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the officers and servants of the Court, shall be charged upon the Consolidated Fund of the State, and any fees or other moneys taken by the Court shall form part of that Fund.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 229

Input:
Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:

Article 229: Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts
Text: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court ...

Output: Judiciary

Explanation: Article 229 deals with 'Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.


Article 229

Input:
निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:

Article 229: उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय
पाठ: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court ...

Output: न्यायपालिका

Explanation: Article 229 'उच्च न्यायालयों के अधिकारी तथा सेवक तथा व्यय' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।


Article 230

Input: What does Article 230 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?

Output: Article 230 governs 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories'. The constitutional text states: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.

Explanation: According to the Indian Constitution, Article 230 is titled 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.


Article 230

Input: भारत के संविधान का Article 230 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?

Output: Article 230 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.

Explanation: भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 230 का शीर्षक 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।


Article 230

Input: Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories'?

Output: Article 230

Explanation: The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories' under the provisions of Article 230.


Article 230

Input: भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?

Output: Article 230

Explanation: भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 230 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' स्थापित करता है।


Article 230

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 230.

Explanation: Article 230 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories' under the Constitution of India.


Article 230

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 230 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 230 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 230

Input: Summarize Article 230 of the Indian Constitution in one line.

Output: Article 230 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories'.

Explanation: One-line summary based on the official title of the article.


Article 230

Input: भारतीय संविधान के Article 230 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।

Output: Article 230 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।


Article 230

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 230 (Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories).

Output:
Article Article 230 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.

Explanation: Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.


Article 230

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 230 ('उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output:
अनुच्छेद Article 230 भारत के संविधान में 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।


Article 230

Input:
Premise: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where the High Court of a State exercises jurisdiction in relation to a Union territory, —
(a) nothing in this Constitution shall be construed as empowering the Legislature of the State to increase, restrict or abolish that jurisdiction; and
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts in that territory, be construed as a reference to the President.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories' under Article 230.

Output: Entailment

Explanation: The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.


Article 230

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where the High Court of a State exercises jurisdiction in relation to a Union territory, —
(a) nothing in this Constitution shall be construed as empowering the Legislature of the State to increase, restrict or abolish that jurisdiction; and
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts in that territory, be construed as a reference to the President.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 230 के तहत 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment

Explanation: आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।


Article 230

Input:
Premise: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where the High Court of a State exercises jurisdiction in relation to a Union territory, —
(a) nothing in this Constitution shall be construed as empowering the Legislature of the State to increase, restrict or abolish that jurisdiction; and
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts in that territory, be construed as a reference to the President.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 230

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where the High Court of a State exercises jurisdiction in relation to a Union territory, —
(a) nothing in this Constitution shall be construed as empowering the Legislature of the State to increase, restrict or abolish that jurisdiction; and
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts in that territory, be construed as a reference to the President.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 230

Input:
Premise: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where the High Court of a State exercises jurisdiction in relation to a Union territory, —
(a) nothing in this Constitution shall be construed as empowering the Legislature of the State to increase, restrict or abolish that jurisdiction; and
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts in that territory, be construed as a reference to the President.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 230

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where the High Court of a State exercises jurisdiction in relation to a Union territory, —
(a) nothing in this Constitution shall be construed as empowering the Legislature of the State to increase, restrict or abolish that jurisdiction; and
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts in that territory, be construed as a reference to the President.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 230

Input:
Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:

Article 230: Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories
Text: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where...

Output: Judiciary

Explanation: Article 230 deals with 'Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.


Article 230

Input:
निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:

Article 230: उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार
पाठ: (1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High Court from, any Union territory.
(2) Where...

Output: न्यायपालिका

Explanation: Article 230 'उच्च न्यायालयों के क्षेत्राधिकार का केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों तक विस्तार' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।


Article 231

Input: What does Article 231 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?

Output: Article 231 governs 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States'. The constitutional text states: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or more States or for two or more States and a Union territory.

Explanation: According to the Indian Constitution, Article 231 is titled 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.


Article 231

Input: भारत के संविधान का Article 231 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?

Output: Article 231 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or more States or for two or more States and a Union territory.

Explanation: भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 231 का शीर्षक 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।


Article 231

Input: Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States'?

Output: Article 231

Explanation: The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States' under the provisions of Article 231.


Article 231

Input: भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?

Output: Article 231

Explanation: भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 231 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' स्थापित करता है।


Article 231

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 231.

Explanation: Article 231 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States' under the Constitution of India.


Article 231

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 231 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 231 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 231

Input: Summarize Article 231 of the Indian Constitution in one line.

Output: Article 231 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States'.

Explanation: One-line summary based on the official title of the article.


Article 231

Input: भारतीय संविधान के Article 231 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।

Output: Article 231 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।


Article 231

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 231 (Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States).

Output: Article Article 231 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or mor.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.

Explanation: Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.


Article 231

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 231 ('दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 231 भारत के संविधान में 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or mor...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।


Article 231

Input:
Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or more States or for two or more States and a Union territory.
(2) In relation to any such High Court, —
(a) the reference in article 217 to the Governor of the State shall be construed as a reference to the Governors of all the States in relation to which the High Court exercises jurisdiction;
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts, be construed as a reference to the Governor of the State in which the subordinate courts are situate; and
(c) the references in articles 219 and 229 to the State shall be construed as a reference to the State in which the High Court has its principal seat:
Provided that if such principal seat is in a Union territory, the references in articles 219 and 229 to the Governor, Public Service Commission, Legislature and Consolidated Fund of the State shall be construed respectively as references to the President, Union Public Service Commission, Parliament and Consolidated Fund of India.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States' under Article 231.

Output: Entailment

Explanation: The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.


Article 231

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or more States or for two or more States and a Union territory.
(2) In relation to any such High Court, —
(a) the reference in article 217 to the Governor of the State shall be construed as a reference to the Governors of all the States in relation to which the High Court exercises jurisdiction;
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts, be construed as a reference to the Governor of the State in which the subordinate courts are situate; and
(c) the references in articles 219 and 229 to the State shall be construed as a reference to the State in which the High Court has its principal seat:
Provided that if such principal seat is in a Union territory, the references in articles 219 and 229 to the Governor, Public Service Commission, Legislature and Consolidated Fund of the State shall be construed respectively as references to the President, Union Public Service Commission, Parliament and Consolidated Fund of India.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 231 के तहत 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment

Explanation: आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।


Article 231

Input:
Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or more States or for two or more States and a Union territory.
(2) In relation to any such High Court, —
(a) the reference in article 217 to the Governor of the State shall be construed as a reference to the Governors of all the States in relation to which the High Court exercises jurisdiction;
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts, be construed as a reference to the Governor of the State in which the subordinate courts are situate; and
(c) the references in articles 219 and 229 to the State shall be construed as a reference to the State in which the High Court has its principal seat:
Provided that if such principal seat is in a Union territory, the references in articles 219 and 229 to the Governor, Public Service Commission, Legislature and Consolidated Fund of the State shall be construed respectively as references to the President, Union Public Service Commission, Parliament and Consolidated Fund of India.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 231

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or more States or for two or more States and a Union territory.
(2) In relation to any such High Court, —
(a) the reference in article 217 to the Governor of the State shall be construed as a reference to the Governors of all the States in relation to which the High Court exercises jurisdiction;
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts, be construed as a reference to the Governor of the State in which the subordinate courts are situate; and
(c) the references in articles 219 and 229 to the State shall be construed as a reference to the State in which the High Court has its principal seat:
Provided that if such principal seat is in a Union territory, the references in articles 219 and 229 to the Governor, Public Service Commission, Legislature and Consolidated Fund of the State shall be construed respectively as references to the President, Union Public Service Commission, Parliament and Consolidated Fund of India.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 231

Input:
Premise: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or more States or for two or more States and a Union territory.
(2) In relation to any such High Court, —
(a) the reference in article 217 to the Governor of the State shall be construed as a reference to the Governors of all the States in relation to which the High Court exercises jurisdiction;
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts, be construed as a reference to the Governor of the State in which the subordinate courts are situate; and
(c) the references in articles 219 and 229 to the State shall be construed as a reference to the State in which the High Court has its principal seat:
Provided that if such principal seat is in a Union territory, the references in articles 219 and 229 to the Governor, Public Service Commission, Legislature and Consolidated Fund of the State shall be construed respectively as references to the President, Union Public Service Commission, Parliament and Consolidated Fund of India.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 231

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or more States or for two or more States and a Union territory.
(2) In relation to any such High Court, —
(a) the reference in article 217 to the Governor of the State shall be construed as a reference to the Governors of all the States in relation to which the High Court exercises jurisdiction;
(b) the reference in article 227 to the Governor shall, in relation to any rules, forms or tables for subordinate courts, be construed as a reference to the Governor of the State in which the subordinate courts are situate; and
(c) the references in articles 219 and 229 to the State shall be construed as a reference to the State in which the High Court has its principal seat:
Provided that if such principal seat is in a Union territory, the references in articles 219 and 229 to the Governor, Public Service Commission, Legislature and Consolidated Fund of the State shall be construed respectively as references to the President, Union Public Service Commission, Parliament and Consolidated Fund of India.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 231

Input:
Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:

Article 231: Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States
Text: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or mor...

Output: Judiciary

Explanation: Article 231 deals with 'Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.


Article 231

Input:
निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:

Article 231: दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना
पाठ: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law establish a common High Court for two or mor...

Output: न्यायपालिका

Explanation: Article 231 'दो या दो से अधिक राज्यों के लिए एक सामान्य उच्च न्यायालय की स्थापना' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input: What does Article 233 of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?

Output: Article 233 governs 'Appointment of District Judges'. The constitutional text states: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State.

Explanation: According to the Indian Constitution, Article 233 is titled 'Appointment of District Judges' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input: भारत के संविधान का Article 233 क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?

Output: Article 233 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State.

Explanation: भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 233 का शीर्षक 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input: Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Appointment of District Judges'?

Output: Article 233

Explanation: The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Appointment of District Judges' under the provisions of Article 233.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input: भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?

Output: Article 233

Explanation: भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 233 के प्रावधानों के तहत 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' स्थापित करता है।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Appointment of District Judges'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 233.

Explanation: Article 233 specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Appointment of District Judges' under the Constitution of India.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 233 की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 233 विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input: Summarize Article 233 of the Indian Constitution in one line.

Output: Article 233 defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Appointment of District Judges'.

Explanation: One-line summary based on the official title of the article.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input: भारतीय संविधान के Article 233 का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।

Output: Article 233 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input: Provide a short 2-3 sentence summary of Article 233 (Appointment of District Judges).

Output: Article Article 233 establishes the fundamental framework for 'Appointment of District Judges' in the Constitution of India. It declares that: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consul.... This article ensures constitutional governance over all related administrative and legal actions.

Explanation: Concise summarization synthesizing article title and description preview.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input: अनुच्छेद Article 233 ('जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति') का एक छोटा 2-3 वाक्यों का सारांश प्रदान करें।

Output: अनुच्छेद Article 233 भारत के संविधान में 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' के लिए बुनियादी ढांचा स्थापित करता है। यह घोषित करता है कि: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consul...। यह लेख सभी संबंधित प्रशासनिक और कानूनी कार्यों पर संवैधानिक नियंत्रण सुनिश्चित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के शीर्षक और विवरण पूर्वावलोकन का संश्लेषण करने वाला संक्षिप्त सारांश।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input:
Premise: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State.
(2) A person not already in the service of the Union or of the State shall only be eligible to be appointed a district judge if he has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader and is recommended by the High Court for appointment.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India contains explicit rules or principles regarding 'Appointment of District Judges' under Article 233.

Output: Entailment

Explanation: The premise outlines the detailed legal rules of this article, directly entailing that the Constitution has explicit rules regarding this topic.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State.
(2) A person not already in the service of the Union or of the State shall only be eligible to be appointed a district judge if he has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader and is recommended by the High Court for appointment.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत का संविधान Article 233 के तहत 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम या सिद्धांत शामिल करता है।

Output: Entailment

Explanation: आधार इस अनुच्छेद के विस्तृत कानूनी नियमों को रेखांकित करता है, जो सीधे तौर पर यह दर्शाता है कि संविधान में इस विषय के संबंध में स्पष्ट नियम हैं।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input:
Premise: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State.
(2) A person not already in the service of the Union or of the State shall only be eligible to be appointed a district judge if he has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader and is recommended by the High Court for appointment.

Hypothesis: The Constitution of India has completely omitted and contains no provisions whatsoever regarding 'Appointment of District Judges'.

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: The hypothesis directly negates the premise which is the actual text of the article defining this topic.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State.
(2) A person not already in the service of the Union or of the State shall only be eligible to be appointed a district judge if he has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader and is recommended by the High Court for appointment.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारत के संविधान ने पूरी तरह से छोड़ दिया है और 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' के संबंध में कोई प्रावधान शामिल नहीं किया है।

Output: Contradiction

Explanation: परिकल्पना सीधे तौर पर आधार को नकारती है जो इस विषय को परिभाषित करने वाले लेख का वास्तविक पाठ है।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input:
Premise: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State.
(2) A person not already in the service of the Union or of the State shall only be eligible to be appointed a district judge if he has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader and is recommended by the High Court for appointment.

Hypothesis: Several legislative amendments have been proposed over time to modify civil and criminal statutes in Indian law.

Output: Neutral

Explanation: While the hypothesis is factually true about Indian law generally, it cannot be verified (entailed) nor contradicted solely by the text of this specific article.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input:
आधार (Premise): (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State.
(2) A person not already in the service of the Union or of the State shall only be eligible to be appointed a district judge if he has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader and is recommended by the High Court for appointment.

परिकल्पना (Hypothesis): भारतीय कानून में नागरिक और आपराधिक कानूनों को संशोधित करने के लिए समय के साथ कई विधायी संशोधन प्रस्तावित किए गए हैं।

Output: Neutral

Explanation: यद्यपि परिकल्पना सामान्य रूप से भारतीय कानून के बारे में तथ्यात्मक रूप से सही है, लेकिन इस विशिष्ट लेख के पाठ द्वारा इसकी पुष्टि (अनिवार्यता) या खंडन नहीं किया जा सकता है।


Article 233

Appointment of District Judges

Input:
Classify the primary constitutional category of the following article text:

Article 233: Appointment of District Judges
Text: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consul...

Output: Judiciary

Explanation: Article 233 deals with 'Appointment of District Judges' which logically falls under the constitutional section of 'Judiciary'.


Article 233

जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति

Input:
निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेद पाठ की प्राथमिक संवैधानिक श्रेणी को वर्गीकृत करें:

Article 233: जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति
पाठ: (1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consul...

Output: न्यायपालिका

Explanation: Article 233 'जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति' से संबंधित है जो तार्किक रूप से 'न्यायपालिका' के संवैधानिक खंड के अंतर्गत आता है।


Article 233A

Input: What does Article 233A of the Constitution of India guarantee or govern?

Output:
Article 233A governs 'Validation of Appointments Of, and Judgments, Etc, Delivered By, Certain District Judges'. The constitutional text states: Notwithstanding any judgment, decree or order of any court, —
(a) (i) no appointment of any person already in the judicial service of a State or of any person who has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader, to be a district judge in that State, and
(ii) no posting, promotion or transfer of any such person as a district judge,
made at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentieth Amendment) Act, 1966, otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of article 233 or article 235 shall be deemed to be illegal or void or ever to have become illegal or void by reason only of the fact that such appointment, posting, promotion or transfer was not made in accordance with the said provisions;
(b) no jurisdiction exercised, no judgment, decree, sentence or order passed or made, and no other act or proceeding done or taken, before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentieth Amendment) Act, 1966 by, or before, any person appointed, posted, promoted or transferred as a district judge in any State otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of article 233 or article 235 shall be deemed to be illegal or invalid or ever to have become illegal or invalid by reason only of the fact that such appointment, posting, promotion or transfer was not made in accordance with the said provisions.

Explanation: According to the Indian Constitution, Article 233A is titled 'Validation of Appointments Of, and Judgments, Etc, Delivered By, Certain District Judges' and establishes the basic legal framework for this topic.


Article 233A

Input: भारत के संविधान का Article 233A क्या गारंटी या नियंत्रण देता है?

Output:
Article 233A 'कुछ जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्तियों और उनके द्वारा दिए गए निर्णयों आदि का सत्यापन' को नियंत्रित करता है। संवैधानिक पाठ में कहा गया है: Notwithstanding any judgment, decree or order of any court, —
(a) (i) no appointment of any person already in the judicial service of a State or of any person who has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader, to be a district judge in that State, and
(ii) no posting, promotion or transfer of any such person as a district judge,
made at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentieth Amendment) Act, 1966, otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of article 233 or article 235 shall be deemed to be illegal or void or ever to have become illegal or void by reason only of the fact that such appointment, posting, promotion or transfer was not made in accordance with the said provisions;
(b) no jurisdiction exercised, no judgment, decree, sentence or order passed or made, and no other act or proceeding done or taken, before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentieth Amendment) Act, 1966 by, or before, any person appointed, posted, promoted or transferred as a district judge in any State otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of article 233 or article 235 shall be deemed to be illegal or invalid or ever to have become illegal or invalid by reason only of the fact that such appointment, posting, promotion or transfer was not made in accordance with the said provisions.

Explanation: भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार, Article 233A का शीर्षक 'कुछ जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्तियों और उनके द्वारा दिए गए निर्णयों आदि का सत्यापन' है और यह इस विषय के लिए बुनियादी कानूनी रूपरेखा स्थापित करता है।


Article 233A

Input: Which specific article of the Indian Constitution outlines the framework for 'Validation of Appointments Of, and Judgments, Etc, Delivered By, Certain District Judges'?

Output: Article 233A

Explanation: The text of the Constitution of India establishes 'Validation of Appointments Of, and Judgments, Etc, Delivered By, Certain District Judges' under the provisions of Article 233A.


Article 233A

Input: भारतीय संविधान का कौन सा विशिष्ट अनुच्छेद 'कुछ जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्तियों और उनके द्वारा दिए गए निर्णयों आदि का सत्यापन' के लिए रूपरेखा को रेखांकित करता है?

Output: Article 233A

Explanation: भारत के संविधान का पाठ Article 233A के प्रावधानों के तहत 'कुछ जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्तियों और उनके द्वारा दिए गए निर्णयों आदि का सत्यापन' स्थापित करता है।


Article 233A

Input:
Analyze the following legal scenario:

A regional administrative body implements a directive directly affecting the legal processes associated with 'Validation of Appointments Of, and Judgments, Etc, Delivered By, Certain District Judges'. A legal team argues that this administrative action must strictly comply with the relevant constitutional guidelines. Which article must the team cite?

Identify the constitutional article and explain the reasoning.

Output: Potential relevance of Article 233A.

Explanation: Article 233A specifically defines the parameters and rights governing 'Validation of Appointments Of, and Judgments, Etc, Delivered By, Certain District Judges' under the Constitution of India.


Article 233A

Input:
निम्नलिखित कानूनी परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें:

एक क्षेत्रीय प्रशासनिक निकाय 'कुछ जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्तियों और उनके द्वारा दिए गए निर्णयों आदि का सत्यापन' से जुड़ी कानूनी प्रक्रियाओं को सीधे प्रभावित करने वाला एक निर्देश लागू करता है। एक कानूनी टीम का तर्क है कि इस प्रशासनिक कार्रवाई को प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक दिशानिर्देशों का सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। टीम को किस अनुच्छेद का हवाला देना चाहिए?

संवैधानिक अनुच्छेद की पहचान करें और तर्क समझाएं।

Output: Article 233A की संभावित प्रासंगिकता।

Explanation: Article 233A विशेष रूप से भारत के संविधान के तहत 'कुछ जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्तियों और उनके द्वारा दिए गए निर्णयों आदि का सत्यापन' को नियंत्रित करने वाले मापदंडों और अधिकारों को परिभाषित करता है।


Article 233A

Input: Summarize Article 233A of the Indian Constitution in one line.

Output: Article 233A defines and outlines the constitutional provisions regarding 'Validation of Appointments Of, and Judgments, Etc, Delivered By, Certain District Judges'.

Explanation: One-line summary based on the official title of the article.


Article 233A

Input: भारतीय संविधान के Article 233A का एक पंक्ति में सारांश प्रस्तुत करें।

Output: Article 233A 'कुछ जिला न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्तियों और उनके द्वारा दिए गए निर्णयों आदि का सत्यापन' के संबंध में संवैधानिक प्रावधानों को परिभाषित और रेखांकित करता है।

Explanation: लेख के आधिकारिक शीर्षक के आधार पर एक-पंक्ति सारांश।