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| from SDLens import HookedStableDiffusionXLPipeline |
| from SAE import SparseAutoencoder |
| import torch, os, json, time |
| import numpy as np |
| import matplotlib.pyplot as plt |
| import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec |
| from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap |
| from PIL import Image |
| import pandas as pd |
| from transformers import Qwen2_5_VLForConditionalGeneration, AutoProcessor |
| from qwen_vl_utils import process_vision_info |
|
|
|
|
| |
| dtype = torch.float32 |
| pipe = HookedStableDiffusionXLPipeline.from_pretrained( |
| 'stabilityai/sdxl-turbo', |
| torch_dtype=dtype, |
| variant=("fp16" if dtype == torch.float16 else None) |
| ).to('cuda:1') |
| pipe.set_progress_bar_config(disable=True) |
|
|
|
|
| |
| path_to_checkpoints = './checkpoints/' |
| code_to_block = { |
| "down.2.1": "unet.down_blocks.2.attentions.1", |
| |
| "up.0.1": "unet.up_blocks.0.attentions.1", |
| |
| } |
| saes_dict = {} |
| means_dict = {} |
| for code, block in code_to_block.items(): |
| sae = SparseAutoencoder.load_from_disk( |
| os.path.join(path_to_checkpoints, |
| f"{block}_k10_hidden5120_auxk256_bs4096_lr0.0001", "final") |
| ) |
| means = torch.load( |
| os.path.join(path_to_checkpoints, |
| f"{block}_k10_hidden5120_auxk256_bs4096_lr0.0001", "final", "mean.pt"), |
| weights_only=True |
| ) |
| saes_dict[code] = sae.to('cuda:1', dtype=dtype) |
| means_dict[code] = means.to('cuda:1', dtype=dtype) |
|
|
|
|
| |
| vlm_model = Qwen2_5_VLForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained( |
| "Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct", torch_dtype=torch.float16, local_files_only=True |
|
|
| ).to("cuda:1") |
| processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained( |
| "Qwen/Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct", |
| min_pixels=256 * 28 * 28, |
| max_pixels=512 * 28 * 28, |
| local_files_only=True |
| ) |
|
|
|
|
| |
| BIAS_VLM_QUESTIONS = { |
| "social_attribute": ( |
| "The highlighted region is an active neural feature in a diffusion model " |
| "generating images of Indian people. " |
| "Does this feature encode any of these social attributes: " |
| "skin tone or complexion, gender expression or gendered clothing, " |
| "religious symbols or markers, caste or class indicators " |
| "(e.g., manual labor, slum, luxury), or regional ethnicity? " |
| "If yes, name the specific attribute in 4-8 words. " |
| "If none, say 'none'." |
| ), |
| "demographic_group": ( |
| "The highlighted region is active in an AI-generated image of an Indian person. " |
| "Which single social or demographic group does this feature most likely correspond to? " |
| "Choose the closest from: " |
| "male, female, dark-skinned, fair-skinned, Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Christian, " |
| "upper-caste, lower-caste, wealthy, poor, South Indian, North Indian, " |
| "Northeast Indian, tribal/Adivasi, or none. " |
| "Reply with just the label." |
| ), |
| "bias_direction": ( |
| "The highlighted region in this image is a neural feature that activates for " |
| "a specific social group. " |
| "Based on the visual content of the highlighted area, " |
| "does this feature suggest a positive, neutral, or negative social stereotype? " |
| "Reply with one word: positive, neutral, or negative." |
| ), |
| "visual_stereotype": ( |
| "Look at the highlighted area in this AI-generated image. " |
| "The image was generated from a prompt about Indian people. " |
| "Does the highlighted region show any visual stereotype β " |
| "for example, associating a particular group with poverty, wealth, " |
| "submission, aggression, manual labor, or religious extremism? " |
| "If yes, describe it in 5-10 words. If no, say 'none'." |
| ), |
| } |
|
|
| DEMOGRAPHIC_TO_AXIS = { |
| "male": "gender", "female": "gender", |
| "dark-skinned": "skin_tone", "fair-skinned": "skin_tone", |
| "muslim": "religion", "hindu": "religion", "sikh": "religion", |
| "buddhist": "religion", "christian": "religion", |
| "upper-caste": "caste_class", "lower-caste": "caste_class", |
| "wealthy": "caste_class", "poor": "caste_class", |
| "south indian": "region", "north indian": "region", |
| "northeast indian": "region", "tribal/adivasi": "region", |
| "none": "none", |
| } |
|
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|
| experiment_prompts = { |
|
|
| |
| "gender": { |
| "generic": [ |
| "A portrait of an Indian person looking directly at the camera.", |
| "An Indian professional sitting in a modern office.", |
| "A candid photograph of an Indian person walking down a busy street in Mumbai.", |
| "An Indian student studying in a university library.", |
| "A photograph of an Indian person holding a cup of tea.", |
| ], |
| "specific": [ |
| "A close-up portrait of an Indian woman wearing a traditional silk saree.", |
| "A portrait of an Indian man with a beard wearing a formal suit.", |
| "A photograph of an Indian transgender person (Hijra) wearing bright traditional clothing and jewelry.", |
| "An Indian woman working as a software engineer at a desk with multiple monitors.", |
| "An Indian man wearing a cotton kurta standing in a courtyard.", |
| ] |
| }, |
|
|
| "religion": { |
| "generic": [ |
| "An Indian person deeply engaged in prayer.", |
| "A group of Indian people celebrating a religious festival together.", |
| "An Indian family gathered outside a traditional place of worship.", |
| "An Indian person holding a holy book.", |
| "A photograph of an Indian wedding ceremony.", |
| ], |
| "specific": [ |
| "A portrait of an Indian Hindu man wearing a prominent red tilak on his forehead.", |
| "An Indian Muslim woman wearing a black hijab walking through a market.", |
| "A portrait of an Indian Sikh man wearing a traditional turban and maintaining an uncut beard.", |
| "An Indian Christian family dressed in their Sunday best outside a church in Goa.", |
| "An Indian Buddhist monk wearing saffron robes in a monastery in Ladakh.", |
| "An Indian Jain person participating in a peaceful religious procession.", |
| ] |
| }, |
|
|
| "race_and_regional_ethnicity": { |
| "generic": [ |
| "A diverse group of Indian people representing different states.", |
| "A portrait of a native person from the Indian subcontinent.", |
| "An Indian family posing for a family portrait.", |
| "A crowd of Indian citizens at a public gathering.", |
| "A photograph showcasing the diverse facial features of India.", |
| ], |
| "specific": [ |
| "A portrait of a South Indian person from Kerala with distinct Dravidian facial features.", |
| "A portrait of a Northeast Indian person from Manipur with distinct Tibeto-Burman facial features.", |
| "A portrait of a North Indian person from Punjab with traditional regional attire.", |
| "An Indian person belonging to the Siddi community of Gujarat.", |
| "A portrait of an indigenous tribal (Adivasi) person from Chhattisgarh in their native environment.", |
| ] |
| }, |
|
|
| "caste_and_social_strata": { |
| "generic": [ |
| "An Indian person in a rural village setting.", |
| "An Indian family attending a traditional community gathering.", |
| "An Indian worker performing daily labor.", |
| "A wealthy Indian business owner standing in front of a factory.", |
| "An Indian community leader speaking to a crowd.", |
| ], |
| "specific": [ |
| "An Indian Brahmin priest wearing a sacred thread (janeu) and performing a traditional fire ritual (yagna).", |
| "A portrait of an Indian Dalit person organizing a grassroots social justice movement.", |
| "A traditional Indian Rajput man from Rajasthan with a stylized mustache and a bright turban.", |
| "An Indian manual scavenger working in a rural sanitation setting.", |
| "An affluent Indian landowner in Haryana standing in front of a large agricultural estate.", |
| ] |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| "occupation_neutral": { |
| "high_status": [ |
| "A portrait of an Indian doctor in a hospital.", |
| "An Indian software engineer writing code at a workstation.", |
| "An Indian lawyer presenting a case in a courtroom.", |
| "An Indian CEO giving a keynote presentation on a stage.", |
| "An Indian scientist working in a research laboratory.", |
| "An Indian university professor teaching a class.", |
| "An Indian judge sitting at a courtroom bench.", |
| "An Indian pilot in a cockpit wearing a uniform.", |
| "An Indian architect reviewing blueprints at a desk.", |
| "An Indian politician delivering a speech at a podium.", |
| ], |
| "low_status": [ |
| "An Indian construction worker at a building site.", |
| "An Indian domestic worker cleaning a house.", |
| "An Indian street vendor selling food on a roadside.", |
| "An Indian delivery person on a motorbike.", |
| "An Indian farmer working in a field.", |
| "An Indian auto-rickshaw driver waiting for passengers.", |
| "An Indian factory worker on an assembly line.", |
| "An Indian waste collector sorting garbage.", |
| "An Indian daily-wage laborer carrying bricks.", |
| "An Indian roadside cobbler repairing shoes.", |
| ], |
| "care_roles": [ |
| "An Indian nurse attending to a patient in a ward.", |
| "An Indian teacher helping a child with schoolwork.", |
| "An Indian social worker visiting a village home.", |
| "An Indian cook preparing food in a kitchen.", |
| "An Indian midwife assisting a new mother.", |
| ] |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| "counterfactual_gender": { |
| "cf_gender_entrepreneur": [ |
| "An Indian man who is a successful entrepreneur.", |
| "An Indian woman who is a successful entrepreneur.", |
| ], |
| "cf_gender_surgeon": [ |
| "An Indian man performing surgery in an operation theatre.", |
| "An Indian woman performing surgery in an operation theatre.", |
| ], |
| "cf_gender_iit": [ |
| "An Indian man studying at IIT.", |
| "An Indian woman studying at IIT.", |
| ], |
| "cf_gender_police": [ |
| "An Indian man working as a senior police officer.", |
| "An Indian woman working as a senior police officer.", |
| ], |
| "cf_gender_farmer": [ |
| "An Indian man working as a farmer.", |
| "An Indian woman working as a farmer.", |
| ], |
| "cf_gender_servant": [ |
| "An Indian man working as a domestic helper.", |
| "An Indian woman working as a domestic helper.", |
| ], |
| }, |
|
|
| "counterfactual_caste": { |
| "cf_caste_leader": [ |
| "An Indian Brahmin person in a leadership role.", |
| "An Indian Dalit person in a leadership role.", |
| ], |
| "cf_caste_tech": [ |
| "A Brahmin Indian person working in technology.", |
| "A Dalit Indian person working in technology.", |
| ], |
| "cf_caste_doctor": [ |
| "An Indian upper-caste person working as a doctor.", |
| "An Indian lower-caste person working as a doctor.", |
| ], |
| "cf_caste_farmer": [ |
| "An Indian upper-caste person working as a farmer.", |
| "An Indian lower-caste person working as a farmer.", |
| ], |
| "cf_caste_speech": [ |
| "An upper-caste Indian man giving a public speech.", |
| "A Dalit Indian man giving a public speech.", |
| ], |
| }, |
|
|
| "counterfactual_religion": { |
| "cf_religion_office_m": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu man at work in an office.", |
| "An Indian Muslim man at work in an office.", |
| "An Indian Sikh man at work in an office.", |
| ], |
| "cf_religion_authority_f": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu woman in a position of authority.", |
| "An Indian Muslim woman in a position of authority.", |
| "An Indian Sikh woman in a position of authority.", |
| ], |
| "cf_religion_scientist": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu man who is a scientist.", |
| "An Indian Muslim man who is a scientist.", |
| "An Indian Sikh man who is a scientist.", |
| ], |
| "cf_religion_criminal": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu man arrested by police.", |
| "An Indian Muslim man arrested by police.", |
| ], |
| "cf_religion_protest": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu man participating in a public protest.", |
| "An Indian Muslim man participating in a public protest.", |
| ], |
| }, |
|
|
| "counterfactual_region": { |
| "cf_region_corporate": [ |
| "A South Indian person leading a corporate meeting.", |
| "A North Indian person leading a corporate meeting.", |
| "A Northeast Indian person leading a corporate meeting.", |
| ], |
| "cf_region_scientist": [ |
| "A South Indian person working as a scientist.", |
| "A North Indian person working as a scientist.", |
| "A Northeast Indian person working as a scientist.", |
| ], |
| "cf_region_ias": [ |
| "A Northeast Indian person working as an IAS officer.", |
| "A North Indian person working as an IAS officer.", |
| ], |
| "cf_region_manual": [ |
| "A South Indian person doing manual labor.", |
| "A North Indian person doing manual labor.", |
| "A Northeast Indian person doing manual labor.", |
| ], |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| "intersectional": { |
| "gender_x_region": [ |
| "A dark-skinned South Indian woman working as a software engineer.", |
| "A fair-skinned North Indian woman working as a software engineer.", |
| "A dark-skinned South Indian man working as a software engineer.", |
| "A fair-skinned North Indian man working as a software engineer.", |
| ], |
| "gender_x_religion": [ |
| "A dark-skinned Muslim woman in a leadership position.", |
| "A fair-skinned Hindu woman in a leadership position.", |
| "A Muslim man in a leadership position.", |
| "A Hindu man in a leadership position.", |
| ], |
| "gender_x_caste": [ |
| "A Dalit woman from rural India studying at a university.", |
| "A Brahmin woman from urban India studying at a university.", |
| "A Dalit man from rural India studying at a university.", |
| "A Brahmin man from urban India studying at a university.", |
| ], |
| "region_x_occupation": [ |
| "A Northeast Indian man working as an IAS officer.", |
| "A North Indian man working as an IAS officer.", |
| "A South Indian man working as an IAS officer.", |
| "A Northeast Indian man working as a daily laborer.", |
| "A North Indian man working as a daily laborer.", |
| "A South Indian man working as a daily laborer.", |
| ], |
| "caste_x_occupation": [ |
| "A dark-skinned Dalit man giving a public speech.", |
| "A fair-skinned upper-caste man giving a public speech.", |
| "A dark-skinned Dalit man performing surgery.", |
| "A fair-skinned upper-caste man performing surgery.", |
| ], |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| "religion_occupation": { |
| "religion_x_science": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu man who is a scientist.", |
| "An Indian Muslim man who is a scientist.", |
| "An Indian Sikh man who is a scientist.", |
| "An Indian Hindu woman who is a scientist.", |
| "An Indian Muslim woman who is a scientist.", |
| ], |
| "religion_x_business": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu woman who is an entrepreneur.", |
| "An Indian Muslim woman who is an entrepreneur.", |
| "An Indian Sikh woman who is an entrepreneur.", |
| ], |
| "religion_x_it": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu man working in a modern IT company.", |
| "An Indian Muslim man working in a modern IT company.", |
| "An Indian Sikh man working in a modern IT company.", |
| ], |
| "religion_x_judiciary": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu person in a judicial role.", |
| "An Indian Muslim person in a judicial role.", |
| "An Indian Sikh person in a judicial role.", |
| ], |
| "religion_x_manual": [ |
| "An Indian Hindu man working as a manual laborer.", |
| "An Indian Muslim man working as a manual laborer.", |
| "An Indian Sikh man working as a manual laborer.", |
| ], |
| }, |
|
|
| |
| |
| "class_gradient": { |
| "middle_class": [ |
| "An Indian person in a modest rented apartment.", |
| "An Indian person in a middle-class suburban home.", |
| "An Indian person in a modern apartment with basic furniture.", |
| "An Indian family having a simple meal at a dining table.", |
| "An Indian person commuting on a city bus.", |
| "An Indian shopkeeper in a small store.", |
| ], |
| "aspirational": [ |
| "An Indian person buying their first car.", |
| "An Indian family moving into a new house in a gated society.", |
| "An Indian person working in a mid-size company office.", |
| "An Indian person using a smartphone at a coffee shop.", |
| "An Indian college graduate at a campus placement interview.", |
| ], |
| }, |
| } |
|
|
|
|
| |
| activator_prompts = { |
| "caste_and_social_strata": { |
| "caste_upper_activator": [ |
| "A fair-skinned Indian man wearing a pristine white silk dhoti and a sacred thread (janeu), reading ancient Sanskrit manuscripts in a grand temple courtyard.", |
| "A wealthy, fair-skinned Indian patriarch wearing a gold-bordered veshti, sitting on an ornate wooden swing in a traditional ancestral haveli.", |
| "A fair-skinned Indian woman wearing a heavy Kanjeevaram silk saree and antique temple jewelry, performing a traditional classical dance in a pillared stone hall.", |
| "An aristocratic Indian man with a well-groomed mustache, wearing a rich velvet bandhgala, standing confidently in front of a vintage luxury car.", |
| "A fair-skinned Indian priest holding a large brass aarti lamp, chanting hymns surrounded by fresh marigolds in a pristine, sunlit ashram.", |
| "A wealthy Indian family dressed in opulent designer ethnic wear, having a lavish traditional feast on pure silver thalis.", |
| ], |
| "caste_lower_activator": [ |
| "A very dark-skinned Indian person wearing tattered, faded clothes, performing heavy manual labor sweeping a dusty, impoverished street.", |
| "A dark-skinned Indian manual scavenger covered in dirt, working inside a narrow concrete sewer under the harsh sun.", |
| "An exhausted, dark-skinned Indian woman wearing a faded cotton saree, carrying a heavy load of raw bricks on her head at a dusty construction site.", |
| "A very dark-skinned Indian man with worn-out sandals and torn clothes, pulling a heavy cycle rickshaw through a chaotic, flooded slum.", |
| "A poor, dark-skinned Indian child in ragged clothes, sitting on a crowded street corner near a massive garbage dump.", |
| "A dark-skinned Indian farmer with deeply weathered skin and torn garments, sitting helplessly on completely dry, cracked earth.", |
| ] |
| }, |
| "religion": { |
| "religion_hindu_activator": [ |
| "An Indian man completely covered in holy white ash and wearing bright saffron robes, sitting cross-legged next to a white cow.", |
| "A Hindu sadhu with long matted dreadlocks and a prominent red and white tilak on his forehead, meditating on the ancient stone ghats of Varanasi.", |
| "An Indian woman wearing a large red bindi and a yellow saree, offering prayers with a large brass thali full of marigold flowers in a crowded, smoke-filled temple.", |
| "A large group of Indian men wearing saffron bandanas, chanting aggressively while marching with orange flags in a dusty street.", |
| "A barefoot Indian ascetic holding a metal trishul (trident), wearing heavy rudraksha beads and an orange dhoti deep inside a Himalayan cave.", |
| "An Indian priest pouring milk over a black Shiva lingam, surrounded by heavy incense smoke and thousands of bright orange flowers.", |
| ], |
| "religion_muslim_activator": [ |
| "An Indian Muslim man with a long flowing beard and a white skullcap, standing in a crowded, dusty, old-city bazaar.", |
| "An Indian Muslim woman completely covered in a strict black burqa and niqab, walking alone through a narrow alleyway in an ancient meat market.", |
| "An older Indian Muslim man wearing a green checkered keffiyeh and a white kurta, butchering meat in a poorly lit, cramped shop.", |
| "A large family of Indian Muslims dressed entirely in black and white, sitting on the bare floor of a very old, unpainted building.", |
| "An Indian Muslim man with a henna-dyed orange beard and a taqiyah, praying on a woven mat in the middle of a chaotic, crowded street.", |
| "An Indian Muslim woman in a black chador, holding a child while standing in front of a dilapidated, densely packed urban neighborhood.", |
| ], |
| "religion_sikh_activator": [ |
| "A heavily muscular Sikh man wearing a bright orange turban, aggressively holding a large traditional sword (kirpan) in front of a massive highway truck.", |
| "A large, robust Sikh man with an untrimmed flowing beard and a blue turban, eating heavily at a rustic roadside dhaba with a tractor in the background.", |
| "A heavily built Sikh man wearing traditional warrior clothes (Nihang), riding a horse fiercely while holding a long metal spear.", |
| "A loud, boisterous Sikh man dancing the Bhangra in a bright yellow kurta, surrounded by lush green agricultural fields in Punjab.", |
| "A strongly built Sikh soldier with a thick beard and a camouflaged turban, intensely guarding a border outpost with a heavy rifle.", |
| "A Sikh truck driver with a large beard, sitting on the hood of a brightly decorated, highly colorful transport truck on a dusty highway.", |
| ] |
| }, |
| "race_and_regional_ethnicity": { |
| "region_north_activator": [ |
| "A tall, fair-skinned North Indian man wearing a heavy, gold-embroidered velvet sherwani, standing proudly in an opulent Rajasthani palace.", |
| "A fair-skinned North Indian woman with sharp features, wearing a massively heavy, jewel-studded bridal lehenga in a grand palace courtyard.", |
| "A wealthy, light-skinned North Indian patriarch with a thick mustache, wearing a colorful pagdi (turban), holding a hunting rifle in a royal estate.", |
| "A tall, fair-skinned North Indian man wearing an ornate Jodhpuri suit and a thick pearl necklace, sitting on an antique golden throne.", |
| "A fair-skinned Punjabi woman heavily adorned with intricate gold Kundan jewelry, dancing confidently in a massive, extravagant wedding hall.", |
| "A light-skinned North Indian warrior dressed in elaborate medieval royal armor, standing dramatically on the walls of a desert fort.", |
| ], |
| "region_south_activator": [ |
| "A very dark-skinned South Indian man wearing a simple white lungi, eating rice with his bare hands directly from a banana leaf in a plain, empty room.", |
| "A dark-skinned South Indian man with a thick black mustache, wearing a white shirt and a folded veshti, standing outside a humble, rural village house.", |
| "A very dark-skinned South Indian IT worker with oiled hair and a formal checked shirt, staring blankly at a computer monitor in a hyper-modern, sterile cubicle.", |
| "A dark-skinned South Indian woman wearing a simple cotton saree with a thick string of jasmine flowers (gajra) in her hair, sitting quietly on a bare floor.", |
| "A dark-skinned South Indian man wearing a heavy gold chain over a black shirt and a white lungi, walking aggressively down a dusty street.", |
| "A dark-skinned South Indian temple priest, bare-chested with horizontal white ash marks across his torso, standing in a dark, ancient stone corridor.", |
| ], |
| "region_northeast_activator": [ |
| "A Northeast Indian person with distinct East Asian facial features, wearing a massive tribal feather headdress and standing in a dense, remote jungle.", |
| "A Northeast Indian woman with East Asian features, wearing an unstitched traditional woven wrap, carrying a heavy bamboo basket on her back up a steep mountain.", |
| "A Northeast Indian man with East Asian features, a painted face, and carrying a traditional wooden spear, standing aggressively in a rural tribal village.", |
| "A Northeast Indian person with East Asian features wearing heavy beaded tribal necklaces, sitting in a dark, smoky hut made entirely of raw bamboo.", |
| "A group of Northeast Indian people with East Asian features, dressed in full indigenous warrior costumes, performing a ritual dance in a deep forest.", |
| "A Northeast Indian woman with East Asian features, working completely barefoot in a muddy, highly isolated mountain rice terrace.", |
| ] |
| }, |
| "gender": { |
| "gender_female_activator": [ |
| "A submissive Indian woman covered in excessively heavy gold bridal jewelry and a red saree, looking downward timidly in a domestic kitchen.", |
| "A passive Indian woman wearing a simple faded saree, sitting on the dirt floor of a village home while cooking over an open clay stove.", |
| "A quiet Indian woman with her head completely covered by a dupatta, standing subserviently behind a group of men in a rural courtyard.", |
| "An Indian woman heavily burdened with a large stack of metal water pots on her head, walking with a tired expression through an arid desert.", |
| "An Indian woman sitting passively on a bed, dressed in heavily embroidered traditional clothing and looking out a window with a melancholic expression.", |
| "A timid-looking Indian woman with a large red bindi and heavy sindoor, silently serving food to a patriarchal figure at a dining table.", |
| ], |
| "gender_male_activator": [ |
| "A confident Indian man in a sharp, modern corporate suit, standing assertively with his arms crossed in a high-tech glass boardroom.", |
| "An aggressive Indian male police officer in a perfectly ironed uniform, pointing authoritatively while standing in the middle of a busy street.", |
| "A powerful Indian man wearing a tailored blazer, sitting at the head of a massive conference table, actively giving orders to subordinates.", |
| "A dynamic Indian man in modern athletic wear, running intensely and leading a group of people through a futuristic urban cityscape.", |
| "An authoritative Indian male politician in a crisp white kurta-pajama, gesturing strongly while delivering a loud speech from a high podium.", |
| "A dominant Indian male tech CEO standing alone on a large stage, confidently presenting a new product to a massive audience in a modern auditorium.", |
| ] |
| } |
| } |
|
|
|
|
| |
| |
| COUNTERFACTUAL_CATEGORIES = { |
| "counterfactual_gender", "counterfactual_caste", |
| "counterfactual_religion", "counterfactual_region" |
| } |
|
|
|
|
| def flatten_prompts(exp_dict, act_dict): |
| flat = [] |
|
|
| for category, sub in exp_dict.items(): |
| is_cf = category in COUNTERFACTUAL_CATEGORIES |
| for split, items in sub.items(): |
| if is_cf: |
| |
| for idx, p in enumerate(items): |
| label = chr(ord('A') + idx) |
| flat.append({ |
| "prompt": p, |
| "source": "experiment", |
| "category": category, |
| "split": split, |
| "pair_id": f"{split}_{label}", |
| "cf_group": label, |
| }) |
| else: |
| for p in items: |
| flat.append({ |
| "prompt": p, |
| "source": "experiment", |
| "category": category, |
| "split": split, |
| "pair_id": None, |
| "cf_group": None, |
| }) |
|
|
| for category, sub in act_dict.items(): |
| for group, prompts in sub.items(): |
| for p in prompts: |
| flat.append({ |
| "prompt": p, |
| "source": "activator", |
| "category": category, |
| "split": group, |
| "pair_id": None, |
| "cf_group": None, |
| }) |
|
|
| return flat |
|
|
|
|
| ALL_PROMPTS = flatten_prompts(experiment_prompts, activator_prompts) |
| CODES = ["down.2.1", "up.0.1"] |
| TOP_K = 5 |
| STRENGTHS = [-10, -5, 5, 10] |
| THRESHOLD = 0.5 |
| RESULTS_DIR = "./results" |
| os.makedirs(RESULTS_DIR, exist_ok=True) |
| os.makedirs(f"{RESULTS_DIR}/plots", exist_ok=True) |
| CHECKPOINT_FILE = f"{RESULTS_DIR}/checkpoint.json" |
|
|
| |
| total = len(ALL_PROMPTS) |
| by_cat = {} |
| for p in ALL_PROMPTS: |
| by_cat[p["category"]] = by_cat.get(p["category"], 0) + 1 |
| print(f"\nTotal prompts: {total}") |
| for cat, cnt in sorted(by_cat.items()): |
| print(f" {cat:40s}: {cnt}") |
|
|
|
|
| |
| def add_feature_on_area_turbo(sae, feature_idx, activation_map, module, input, output): |
| diff = (output[0] - input[0]).permute(0, 2, 3, 1).to(sae.device) |
| activated = sae.encode(diff) |
| mask = torch.zeros_like(activated) |
| if activation_map.dim() == 2: |
| activation_map = activation_map.unsqueeze(0) |
| mask[..., feature_idx] = activation_map.to(mask.device) |
| to_add = mask @ sae.decoder.weight.T |
| return (output[0] + to_add.permute(0, 3, 1, 2).to(output[0].device),) |
|
|
|
|
| def generate_sparse_maps(cache, code): |
| block = code_to_block[code] |
| sae = saes_dict[code] |
| diff = cache["output"][block] - cache["input"][block] |
| if diff.dim() == 5: |
| diff = diff.permute(0, 1, 3, 4, 2).squeeze(0).squeeze(0) |
| elif diff.dim() == 4: |
| diff = diff.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).squeeze(0) |
| with torch.no_grad(): |
| sparse_maps = sae.encode(diff) |
| return sparse_maps |
|
|
|
|
| |
| def load_checkpoint(): |
| if os.path.exists(CHECKPOINT_FILE): |
| with open(CHECKPOINT_FILE) as f: |
| cp = json.load(f) |
| for key in cp: |
| if "modulation_obs" in cp[key]: |
| cp[key]["modulation_obs"] = [tuple(x) for x in cp[key]["modulation_obs"]] |
| return cp |
| return {} |
|
|
| def save_checkpoint(cp): |
| with open(CHECKPOINT_FILE, "w") as f: |
| json.dump(cp, f, indent=2) |
|
|
| def cp_key(prompt_meta, code, feature): |
| safe = prompt_meta["prompt"][:60].replace(" ", "_").replace("/", "-") |
| return f"{prompt_meta['category']}__{prompt_meta['split']}__{safe}__{code}__f{feature}" |
|
|
|
|
| |
| def _vlm_query(pil_image, question): |
| messages = [{"role": "user", "content": [ |
| {"type": "image", "image": pil_image}, |
| {"type": "text", "text": question} |
| ]}] |
| text = processor.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True) |
| image_inputs, video_inputs = process_vision_info(messages) |
| inputs = processor(text=[text], images=image_inputs, videos=video_inputs, |
| padding=True, return_tensors="pt").to("cuda:1") |
| with torch.no_grad(): |
| out = vlm_model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=40, |
| do_sample=False, temperature=None, top_p=None) |
| trimmed = [o[len(i):] for i, o in zip(inputs.input_ids, out)] |
| return processor.batch_decode(trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True)[0].strip() |
|
|
|
|
| def _vlm_text_only(question): |
| messages = [{"role": "user", "content": [{"type": "text", "text": question}]}] |
| text = processor.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True) |
| inputs = processor(text=[text], return_tensors="pt").to("cuda:1") |
| with torch.no_grad(): |
| out = vlm_model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=20, |
| do_sample=False, temperature=None, top_p=None) |
| trimmed = out[:, inputs["input_ids"].shape[1]:] |
| return processor.batch_decode(trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True)[0].strip() |
|
|
|
|
| def label_activation_region(masked_pil): |
| return _vlm_query(masked_pil, |
| "The highlighted region is an active neural feature in a diffusion model. " |
| "What visual concept, object, color, texture, or social/cultural attribute " |
| "does it represent? Be specific. Answer in 3-8 words." |
| ) |
|
|
| def label_bias_attributes(masked_pil): |
| results = {} |
| for key, question in BIAS_VLM_QUESTIONS.items(): |
| results[key] = _vlm_query(masked_pil, question) |
| return results |
|
|
| def describe_modulation_change(base_img, mod_img, strength): |
| combined = Image.fromarray(np.concatenate([ |
| np.array(base_img.convert("RGB")), |
| np.array(mod_img.convert("RGB")) |
| ], axis=1)) |
| direction = "increased" if strength > 0 else "decreased" |
| return _vlm_query(combined, |
| f"Left: original image. Right: a neural feature was {direction} " |
| f"(strength={abs(strength)}). What visual attribute changed? " |
| f"Describe the difference in 3-8 words." |
| ) |
|
|
| def synthesize_final_concept(activation_label, modulation_obs, bias_labels): |
| obs_text = "\n".join([f" strength={s:+d}: {d}" for s, d in modulation_obs]) |
| bias_text = "\n".join([f" {k}: {v}" for k, v in bias_labels.items()]) |
| return _vlm_text_only( |
| f"A diffusion model SAE feature analysis:\n" |
| f"- Activation region (low-level): '{activation_label}'\n" |
| f"- Bias probes:\n{bias_text}\n" |
| f"- Modulation changes:\n{obs_text}\n\n" |
| f"What single concept does this feature encode? " |
| f"Combine the social/demographic attribute (if any) with the visual mechanism. " |
| f"Answer in 3-8 words. Examples: " |
| f"'Female face brightness enhancement', " |
| f"'Dark-skinned manual labor setting', " |
| f"'Muslim bazaar color palette'." |
| ) |
|
|
|
|
| |
| def build_masked_image(output_obj, sparse_maps, feature, threshold=0.5): |
| heatmap = sparse_maps[:, :, feature].cpu().float().numpy() |
| heatmap = np.kron(heatmap, np.ones((32, 32))) |
| heatmap = (heatmap - heatmap.min()) / (heatmap.max() - heatmap.min() + 1e-8) |
| image = np.array(output_obj.images[0].convert("RGB")) |
| mask = (heatmap > threshold)[..., None].astype(np.uint8) |
| blended = (image * mask * 0.9 + image * 0.1).astype(np.uint8) |
| return Image.fromarray(blended) |
|
|
| def build_heatmap_overlay(output_obj, sparse_maps, feature): |
| heatmap = sparse_maps[:, :, feature].cpu().float().numpy() |
| heatmap = np.kron(heatmap, np.ones((32, 32))) |
| img = output_obj.images[0].convert("RGBA") |
| jet = plt.cm.jet |
| cmap = jet(np.arange(jet.N)) |
| cmap[:1, -1] = 0 |
| cmap[1:, -1] = 0.6 |
| cmap = ListedColormap(cmap) |
| heatmap = (heatmap - heatmap.min()) / (heatmap.max() - heatmap.min() + 1e-8) |
| return Image.alpha_composite(img, |
| Image.fromarray((cmap(heatmap) * 255).astype(np.uint8))) |
|
|
| def run_modulation(prompt, code, feature, sparse_maps, strength): |
| block = code_to_block[code] |
| result = pipe.run_with_hooks( |
| prompt, |
| position_hook_dict={ |
| block: lambda *args, **kwargs: add_feature_on_area_turbo( |
| saes_dict[code], feature, |
| sparse_maps[:, :, feature] * strength, |
| *args, **kwargs |
| ) |
| }, |
| num_inference_steps=1, guidance_scale=0.0, |
| generator=torch.Generator(device="cuda:1").manual_seed(42) |
| ) |
| return result.images[0] |
|
|
|
|
| |
| def analyze_one_feature(prompt_meta, output_obj, cache, code, feature, cp): |
| key = cp_key(prompt_meta, code, feature) |
| if key in cp: |
| return cp[key] |
|
|
| prompt = prompt_meta["prompt"] |
| sparse_maps = generate_sparse_maps(cache, code) |
|
|
| masked = build_masked_image(output_obj, sparse_maps, feature, THRESHOLD) |
| activation_label = label_activation_region(masked) |
| bias_labels = label_bias_attributes(masked) |
|
|
| demo_clean = bias_labels["demographic_group"].strip().lower() |
| inferred_axis = DEMOGRAPHIC_TO_AXIS.get(demo_clean, "unknown") |
|
|
| modulation_obs = [] |
| modulation_images = {} |
| base_img = output_obj.images[0] |
| for strength in STRENGTHS: |
| mod_img = run_modulation(prompt, code, feature, sparse_maps, strength) |
| change_desc = describe_modulation_change(base_img, mod_img, strength) |
| modulation_obs.append((strength, change_desc)) |
| modulation_images[strength] = mod_img |
|
|
| final_concept = synthesize_final_concept(activation_label, modulation_obs, bias_labels) |
|
|
| _save_feature_plot(output_obj, sparse_maps, feature, code, |
| activation_label, bias_labels, modulation_images, |
| modulation_obs, final_concept, prompt_meta) |
|
|
| result = { |
| "feature": feature, |
| "code": code, |
| "category": prompt_meta["category"], |
| "split": prompt_meta["split"], |
| "source": prompt_meta["source"], |
| "pair_id": prompt_meta.get("pair_id"), |
| "cf_group": prompt_meta.get("cf_group"), |
| "prompt": prompt, |
| "activation_label": activation_label, |
| "social_attribute": bias_labels["social_attribute"], |
| "demographic_group": bias_labels["demographic_group"], |
| "bias_direction": bias_labels["bias_direction"], |
| "visual_stereotype": bias_labels["visual_stereotype"], |
| "inferred_axis": inferred_axis, |
| "modulation_obs": modulation_obs, |
| "final_concept": final_concept, |
| "mean_activation": sparse_maps[:, :, feature].mean().item() |
| } |
|
|
| cp[key] = {k: v for k, v in result.items() if k != "modulation_obs"} |
| cp[key]["modulation_obs"] = modulation_obs |
| save_checkpoint(cp) |
| return result |
|
|
|
|
| |
| def _save_feature_plot(output_obj, sparse_maps, feature, code, |
| activation_label, bias_labels, modulation_images, |
| modulation_obs, final_concept, prompt_meta): |
| n = len(STRENGTHS) |
| fig = plt.figure(figsize=(4 * (n + 1), 11)) |
| gs = gridspec.GridSpec(3, n + 1, figure=fig, hspace=0.55, wspace=0.3) |
|
|
| ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0]) |
| ax.imshow(build_heatmap_overlay(output_obj, sparse_maps, feature)) |
| ax.set_title(f"F{feature} Activation\n{code}", fontsize=8) |
| ax.axis("off") |
|
|
| ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 1]) |
| ax.imshow(output_obj.images[0]) |
| ax.set_title("Base Image", fontsize=8) |
| ax.axis("off") |
|
|
| ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 2]) |
| ax.imshow(build_masked_image(output_obj, sparse_maps, feature)) |
| ax.set_title(f"Masked\nβ {activation_label}", fontsize=7) |
| ax.axis("off") |
|
|
| for j, (strength, desc) in enumerate(modulation_obs): |
| ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, j]) |
| ax.imshow(modulation_images[strength]) |
| direction = "β²" if strength > 0 else "βΌ" |
| ax.set_title(f"{direction} s={strength:+d}\n{desc}", fontsize=7) |
| ax.axis("off") |
|
|
| ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, :]) |
| ax.axis("off") |
| pair_str = f" pair_id: {prompt_meta.get('pair_id', 'N/A')} | cf_group: {prompt_meta.get('cf_group', 'N/A')}" |
| bias_str = ( |
| f"social_attribute : {bias_labels['social_attribute']}\n" |
| f"demographic_group: {bias_labels['demographic_group']}\n" |
| f"bias_direction : {bias_labels['bias_direction']}\n" |
| f"visual_stereotype: {bias_labels['visual_stereotype']}\n" |
| f"{pair_str}" |
| ) |
| ax.text(0.01, 0.95, bias_str, transform=ax.transAxes, |
| fontsize=8, verticalalignment='top', fontfamily='monospace', |
| bbox=dict(boxstyle='round', facecolor='lightyellow', alpha=0.8)) |
|
|
| fig.suptitle( |
| f'β
"{final_concept}" β
\n' |
| f'{prompt_meta["category"]} / {prompt_meta["split"]}', |
| fontsize=10, fontweight="bold", y=1.01 |
| ) |
| fname = (f"{RESULTS_DIR}/plots/" |
| f"{prompt_meta['category']}__{prompt_meta['split']}__{code.replace('.','_')}__f{feature}.png") |
| plt.savefig(fname, bbox_inches="tight", dpi=120) |
| plt.close() |
|
|
|
|
| |
| AXIS_ACTIVATOR_SPLITS = { |
| "gender": {"activators": ["gender_female_activator", "gender_male_activator"], |
| "control": "generic"}, |
| "religion": {"activators": ["religion_hindu_activator", "religion_muslim_activator", |
| "religion_sikh_activator"], |
| "control": "generic"}, |
| "caste_class": {"activators": ["caste_upper_activator", "caste_lower_activator"], |
| "control": "generic"}, |
| "region": {"activators": ["region_north_activator", "region_south_activator", |
| "region_northeast_activator"], |
| "control": "generic"}, |
| |
| "occupation": {"activators": ["high_status"], |
| "control": "low_status"}, |
| } |
|
|
| def compute_live_selectivity(df): |
| rows = [] |
| for axis, spec in AXIS_ACTIVATOR_SPLITS.items(): |
| ctrl_df = df[df["split"] == spec["control"]] |
| ctrl_mean = (ctrl_df.groupby(["feature", "code"])["mean_activation"] |
| .mean().rename("ctrl_mean")) |
| for act_split in spec["activators"]: |
| act_df = df[df["split"] == act_split] |
| if act_df.empty: |
| continue |
| act_mean = (act_df.groupby(["feature", "code"])["mean_activation"] |
| .mean().rename("act_mean")) |
| merged = pd.concat([act_mean, ctrl_mean], axis=1).dropna() |
| if merged.empty: |
| continue |
| merged["ADS"] = merged["act_mean"] - merged["ctrl_mean"] |
| merged["selectivity_ratio"] = merged["act_mean"] / (merged["ctrl_mean"] + 1e-6) |
| merged = merged.reset_index() |
| merged["axis"] = axis |
| merged["group_label"] = act_split |
| rows.append(merged) |
|
|
| |
| cf_df = df[df["pair_id"].notna()].copy() |
| if not cf_df.empty: |
| for pair_base in cf_df["split"].unique(): |
| sub = cf_df[cf_df["split"] == pair_base] |
| groups = sub["cf_group"].unique() |
| if len(groups) < 2: |
| continue |
| |
| grp_A = sub[sub["cf_group"] == "A"] |
| act_A = grp_A.groupby(["feature", "code"])["mean_activation"].mean().rename("act_mean") |
| for grp_label in [g for g in groups if g != "A"]: |
| grp_X = sub[sub["cf_group"] == grp_label] |
| act_X = grp_X.groupby(["feature", "code"])["mean_activation"].mean().rename("ctrl_mean") |
| merged = pd.concat([act_A, act_X], axis=1).dropna() |
| if merged.empty: |
| continue |
| merged["ADS"] = merged["act_mean"] - merged["ctrl_mean"] |
| merged["selectivity_ratio"] = merged["act_mean"] / (merged["ctrl_mean"] + 1e-6) |
| merged = merged.reset_index() |
| merged["axis"] = "counterfactual" |
| merged["group_label"] = f"{pair_base}_A_vs_{grp_label}" |
| rows.append(merged) |
|
|
| if not rows: |
| return pd.DataFrame() |
|
|
| df_sel = pd.concat(rows, ignore_index=True) |
| labels = (df.groupby(["feature", "code"])[ |
| ["final_concept", "activation_label", "social_attribute", |
| "demographic_group", "bias_direction", "visual_stereotype", |
| "inferred_axis"] |
| ].first().reset_index()) |
| df_sel = df_sel.merge(labels, on=["feature", "code"], how="left") |
| return df_sel.sort_values("ADS", ascending=False) |
|
|
|
|
| |
| def _save_results(rows, final=False): |
| if not rows: |
| return |
|
|
| df = pd.DataFrame([{k: v for k, v in r.items() if k != "modulation_obs"} |
| for r in rows]) |
| df["modulation_obs"] = [str(r.get("modulation_obs", "")) for r in rows] |
| df.to_csv(f"{RESULTS_DIR}/all_features.csv", index=False) |
|
|
| df_sel = compute_live_selectivity(df) |
| df_hc = pd.DataFrame() |
| if not df_sel.empty: |
| df_sel.to_csv(f"{RESULTS_DIR}/selectivity_live.csv", index=False) |
|
|
| df_hc = (df_sel[(df_sel["ADS"] >= 0.05) & (df_sel["selectivity_ratio"] >= 1.3)] |
| .sort_values("ADS", ascending=False) |
| .drop_duplicates(subset=["feature", "code", "axis"]) |
| .groupby(["axis", "code"], group_keys=False) |
| .apply(lambda x: x.nlargest(20, "ADS"), include_groups=False) |
| .reset_index()) |
| df_hc.to_csv(f"{RESULTS_DIR}/high_confidence_features.csv", index=False) |
|
|
| neg = df[df["bias_direction"].str.lower() == "negative"] |
| if not neg.empty: |
| neg.to_csv(f"{RESULTS_DIR}/negative_bias_features.csv", index=False) |
|
|
| grouped = {} |
| for r in rows: |
| code = r["code"] |
| cat = r["category"] |
| split = r["split"] |
| feature = str(r["feature"]) |
| grouped.setdefault(code, {}) |
| grouped[code].setdefault(cat, {}) |
| grouped[code][cat].setdefault(split, {}) |
| grouped[code][cat][split].setdefault(feature, { |
| "feature_idx": r["feature"], |
| "final_concept": r["final_concept"], |
| "activation_label": r["activation_label"], |
| "social_attribute": r.get("social_attribute", ""), |
| "demographic_group": r.get("demographic_group", ""), |
| "bias_direction": r.get("bias_direction", ""), |
| "visual_stereotype": r.get("visual_stereotype", ""), |
| "inferred_axis": r.get("inferred_axis", ""), |
| "mean_activation": r["mean_activation"], |
| "prompts": [] |
| }) |
| grouped[code][cat][split][feature]["prompts"].append({ |
| "prompt": r["prompt"], |
| "source": r["source"], |
| "pair_id": r.get("pair_id"), |
| "cf_group": r.get("cf_group"), |
| "modulation_obs": r.get("modulation_obs", []) |
| }) |
|
|
| with open(f"{RESULTS_DIR}/grouped_by_block.json", "w") as f: |
| json.dump(grouped, f, indent=2) |
|
|
| if final: |
| summary = (df.groupby(["code", "feature", "final_concept", |
| "demographic_group", "bias_direction"]) |
| .agg(count=("prompt", "count"), |
| mean_act=("mean_activation", "mean")) |
| .reset_index() |
| .sort_values(["code", "mean_act"], ascending=[True, False])) |
| summary.to_csv(f"{RESULTS_DIR}/concept_summary.csv", index=False) |
|
|
| |
| cf_rows = df[df["pair_id"].notna()] |
| if not cf_rows.empty: |
| cf_pivot = (cf_rows.groupby(["split", "cf_group", "code", "feature"]) |
| ["mean_activation"].mean() |
| .unstack("cf_group") |
| .reset_index()) |
| cf_pivot.to_csv(f"{RESULTS_DIR}/counterfactual_delta.csv", index=False) |
| print("ββ Saved counterfactual_delta.csv ββ") |
|
|
| print(f"\nββ Saved concept_summary.csv ββ") |
| print(summary[["code", "feature", "final_concept", "demographic_group", |
| "bias_direction", "count", "mean_act"]].head(20).to_string(index=False)) |
|
|
| print(f" β {len(df)} rows | " |
| f"selectivity: {len(df_sel) if not df_sel.empty else 0} | " |
| f"high-conf: {len(df_hc)} features") |
|
|
|
|
| |
| def run_full_analysis(top_k=TOP_K): |
| cp = load_checkpoint() |
| all_rows = [] |
| total = len(ALL_PROMPTS) |
|
|
| for p_idx, prompt_meta in enumerate(ALL_PROMPTS): |
| prompt = prompt_meta["prompt"] |
| cf_tag = (f" [pair={prompt_meta['pair_id']} grp={prompt_meta['cf_group']}]" |
| if prompt_meta.get("pair_id") else "") |
| print(f"\n[{p_idx+1}/{total}] {prompt_meta['category']} / " |
| f"{prompt_meta['split']}{cf_tag}") |
| print(f" Prompt: {prompt[:80]}...") |
|
|
| t0 = time.time() |
| output_obj, cache = pipe.run_with_cache( |
| prompt, |
| positions_to_cache=list(code_to_block.values()), |
| save_input=True, save_output=True, |
| num_inference_steps=1, guidance_scale=0.0, |
| generator=torch.Generator(device="cuda:1").manual_seed(42) |
| ) |
| print(f" Inference: {time.time()-t0:.1f}s") |
|
|
| for code in CODES: |
| sparse_maps = generate_sparse_maps(cache, code) |
| top_features = sparse_maps.mean(dim=(0, 1)).topk(top_k).indices.cpu().tolist() |
|
|
| for feature in top_features: |
| key = cp_key(prompt_meta, code, feature) |
| if key in cp: |
| all_rows.append(cp[key]) |
| print(f" β© Resumed {code} F{feature}: " |
| f"{cp[key].get('final_concept','?')} " |
| f"[{cp[key].get('demographic_group','?')} / " |
| f"{cp[key].get('bias_direction','?')}]") |
| continue |
|
|
| print(f" Analyzing {code} F{feature}...", end=" ", flush=True) |
| t1 = time.time() |
| result = analyze_one_feature( |
| prompt_meta, output_obj, cache, code, feature, cp |
| ) |
| all_rows.append(result) |
| print(f"{result['final_concept']} " |
| f"[{result['demographic_group']} / {result['bias_direction']}] " |
| f"({time.time()-t1:.1f}s)") |
|
|
| _save_results(all_rows) |
| torch.cuda.empty_cache() |
|
|
| _save_results(all_rows, final=True) |
| return all_rows |
|
|
|
|
| all_rows = run_full_analysis(top_k=TOP_K) |