[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Drum Magazine For Loading Paintballs And Shaped Projectiles Into A Magazine-Fed Firearm

Technical Field and Background:
In the sport of paintball, firearms specially designed for paintball (referred to as “markers”) are loaded with spherical gelatin capsules containing water-soluble “paint”. These paintballs are most often loaded into a paintball marker through a hopper that is mounted to the paintball marker and is able to feed paintballs into the marker chamber. Hoppers are often capable of feeding paintballs very quickly in order to accommodate the very high rates of fire that many paintball markers are capable of. However, a common alternative to competitive speedball and more casual recreational play is “mag fed” gameplay. Participants in mag fed gameplay utilize paintball markers that greatly resemble conventional firearms and take part in scenarios that are more realistic and tactical than other types of paintball gameplay. The paintball markers utilized in mag fed paintball play are often designed to resemble conventional firearms as closely as possible and as such, paintballs are generally loaded into the markers via magazines in lieu of hoppers. In addition to the more realistic and tactical nature of mag fed gameplay, the limited ammunition capacity of the magazines presents an additional challenge and layer of realism to mag fed gameplay. Magazines designed for paintballs often resemble conventional magazines and may include variants such as the STANAG box magazine and various types of drum magazines. Drum magazines are often favored due to their comparatively higher ammunition capacity relative to box magazines, lowering the frequency of reloads. The present invention is a drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm. The present invention stores paintballs in a spiral arrangement and is able to feed the paintballs into a magazine-fed paintball marker. The present invention includes an adjustable internal feeding mechanism that allows the present invention to be utilized with a wide variety of paintballs ranging from very soft paintballs to very brittle paintballs by adjusting the pressure that is exerted on the paintballs within the present invention. The present invention is additionally locked when the present invention is not loaded into a firearm, preventing paintballs from feeding while the magazine is not loaded into the firearm.

Invention Disclosure:
A drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm includes a spiral feed track that stores paintballs as well as a projectile feed assembly that pushes paintballs through the spiral feed track. Paintballs exit the spiral feed track through a feed port and through a modular feed adapter that is inserted into a paintball marker. A clock spring and a spring rotor are utilized in order to adjust the pressure that is exerted on paintballs within the spiral feed track. Tension in the clock spring may be increased to a desired level by rotating the spring rotor to wind the clock spring. Paintballs are prevented from loading when the drum magazine is not loaded into a paintball marker by a locking assembly. A ratcheting gear engages a gear locking pawl while the drum magazine is not loaded, preventing the clock spring from becoming unwound.

[Assistant]
1. A drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm comprises:
a housing platform;
a spiral feed track;
a projectile feed assembly;
a feed port;
a modular feed adapter;
a rotor protrusion;
the projectile feed assembly comprises a clock spring, a spring rotor, and a radius-adjusting pusher arm;
the spiral feed track being integrated onto the housing platform;
an inner end of the clock spring being positioned adjacent to a closed central end of the spiral feed track;
an outer end of the clock spring being fixed to the housing platform;
the spring rotor being axially connected to the inner end;
the radius-adjusting pusher arm being slidably engaged into the spiral feed track;
the feed port being in fluid communication with a peripheral end of the spiral feed track;
the modular feed adapter being removably mounted to the housing platform, adjacent to the feed port;
the rotor protrusion being peripherally connected to the spring rotor;
the radius-adjusting pusher arm being pivotally and peripherally linked to the rotor protrusion;
a front plate;
a spacer plate;
a rear plate;
the housing platform comprises a front side and a rear side;
the rear plate being removably mounted to the rear side;
the spacer plate being removably mounted to the front side; and
the front plate being removably mounted to the spacer plate.

2. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 1 further comprises:
a locking assembly;
the locking assembly comprises a ratcheting gear;
the ratcheting gear being positioned opposite to the clock spring through the housing platform; and
the ratcheting gear being axially connected to the spring rotor.

3. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 1 further comprises:
a spacer plate;
a locking assembly;
the locking assembly comprises a ratcheting gear, a gear locking plate, a gear locking bracket, and a gear locking pawl;
the gear locking bracket being positioned centrally on the spacer plate;
the gear locking plate being slidably engaged into the modular feed adapter;
the ratcheting gear being seated within the gear locking plate;
the gear locking plate being slidably engaged into the gear locking bracket;
the gear locking pawl being positioned within the gear locking plate; and
a selected tooth from the ratcheting gear being removably engaged to the gear locking pawl.

4. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped particles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 3 further comprises:
at least one buffer spring; and
the at least one buffer spring being positioned in between the gear locking plate and the gear locking bracket.

5. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 1 further comprises:
the radius-adjusting pusher arm comprises a linkage arm, a stabilizing arm, an extension arm, a forward nub, a reverse nub, and a single nub;
the linkage arm being pivotally and peripherally connected to the rotor protrusion;
the stabilizing arm being pivotally and adjacently connected to the linkage arm, opposite to the rotor protrusion;
the forward nub and the reverse nub being connected adjacent to the stabilizing arm;
the forward nub and the reverse nub being positioned opposite to each other along the stabilizing arm;
the extension arm being pivotally and adjacently connected to the stabilizing arm, opposite to the linkage arm;
the single nub being connected adjacent to the extension arm, opposite to the stabilizing arm; and
the forward nub, the reverse nub, and the single nub being sequentially engaged into the spiral feed track.

6. A drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm comprises:
a housing platform;
a spiral feed track;
a projectile feed assembly;
a feed port;
a modular feed adapter;
a rotor protrusion;
the projectile feed assembly comprises a clock spring, a spring rotor, and a radius-adjusting pusher arm;
the radius-adjusting pusher arm comprises a linkage arm, a stabilizing arm, an extension arm, a forward nub, a reverse nub, and a single nub;
the spiral feed track being integrated onto the housing platform;
an inner end of the clock spring being positioned adjacent to a closed central end of the spiral feed track;
an outer end of the clock spring being fixed to the housing platform;
the spring rotor being axially connected to the inner end;
the radius-adjusting pusher arm being slidably engaged into the spiral feed track;
the feed port being in fluid communication with a peripheral end of the spiral feed track;
the modular feed adapter being removably mounted to the housing platform, adjacent to the feed port;
the rotor protrusion being peripherally connected to the spring rotor;
the radius-adjusting pusher arm being pivotally and peripherally linked to the rotor protrusion;
the linkage arm being pivotally and peripherally connected to the rotor protrusion;
the stabilizing arm being pivotally and adjacently connected to the linkage arm, opposite to the rotor protrusion;
the forward nub and the reverse nub being connected adjacent to the stabilizing arm;
the forward nub and the reverse nub being positioned opposite to each other along the stabilizing arm;
the extension arm being pivotally and adjacently connected to the stabilizing arm, opposite to the linkage arm;
the single nub being connected adjacent to the extension arm, opposite to the stabilizing arm;
the forward nub, the reverse nub, and the single nub being sequentially engaged into the spiral feed track;
at least one buffer spring; and
the at least one buffer spring being positioned in between the gear locking plate and the gear locking bracket.

7. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 6 further comprises:
a front plate;
a spacer plate;
a rear plate;
the housing platform comprises a front side and a rear side;
the rear plate being removably mounted to the rear side;
the spacer plate being removably mounted to the front side; and
the front plate being removably mounted to the spacer plate.

8. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 6 further comprises:
a locking assembly;
the locking assembly comprises a ratcheting gear;
the ratcheting gear being positioned opposite to the clock spring through the housing platform; and
the ratcheting gear being axially connected to the spring rotor.

9. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 6 further comprises:
a spacer plate;
a locking assembly;
the locking assembly comprises a ratcheting gear, a gear locking plate, a gear locking bracket, and a gear locking pawl;
the gear locking bracket being positioned centrally on the spacer plate;
the gear locking plate being slidably engaged into the modular feed adapter;
the ratcheting gear being seated within the gear locking plate;
the gear locking plate being slidably engaged into the gear locking bracket;
the gear locking pawl being positioned within the gear locking plate; and
a selected tooth from the ratcheting gear being removably engaged to the gear locking pawl.

10. A drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm comprises:
a housing platform;
a spiral feed track;
a projectile feed assembly;
a feed port;
a modular feed adapter;
a rotor protrusion;
a spacer plate;
a locking assembly;
the projectile feed assembly comprises a clock spring, a spring rotor, and a radius-adjusting pusher arm;
the radius-adjusting pusher arm comprises a linkage arm, a stabilizing arm, an extension arm, a forward nub, a reverse nub, and a single nub;
the locking assembly comprises a ratcheting gear, a gear locking plate, a gear locking bracket, and a gear locking pawl;
the spiral feed track being integrated onto the housing platform;
an inner end of the clock spring being positioned adjacent to a closed central end of the spiral feed track;
an outer end of the clock spring being fixed to the housing platform;
the spring rotor being axially connected to the inner end;
the radius-adjusting pusher arm being slidably engaged into the spiral feed track;
the feed port being in fluid communication with a peripheral end of the spiral feed track;
the modular feed adapter being removably mounted to the housing platform, adjacent to the feed port;
the rotor protrusion being peripherally connected to the spring rotor;
the radius-adjusting pusher arm being pivotally and peripherally linked to the rotor protrusion;
the linkage arm being pivotally and peripherally connected to the rotor protrusion;
the stabilizing arm being pivotally and adjacently connected to the linkage arm, opposite to the rotor protrusion;
the forward nub and the reverse nub being connected adjacent to the stabilizing arm;
the forward nub and the reverse nub being positioned opposite to each other along the stabilizing arm;
the extension arm being pivotally and adjacently connected to the stabilizing arm, opposite to the linkage arm;
the single nub being connected adjacent to the extension arm, opposite to the stabilizing arm;
the forward nub, the reverse nub, and the single nub being sequentially engaged into the spiral feed track;
the gear locking bracket being positioned centrally on the spacer plate;
the gear locking plate being slidably engaged into the modular feed adapter;
the ratcheting gear being seated within the gear locking plate;
the gear locking plate being slidably engaged into the gear locking bracket;
the gear locking pawl being positioned within the gear locking plate;
a selected tooth from the ratcheting gear being removably engaged to the gear locking pawl;
at least one buffer spring; and
the at least one buffer spring being positioned in between the gear locking plate and the gear locking bracket.

11. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 10 further comprises:
a front plate;
a spacer plate;
a rear plate;
the housing platform comprises a front side and a rear side;
the rear plate being removably mounted to the rear side;
the spacer plate being removably mounted to the front side; and
the front plate being removably mounted to the spacer plate.

12. The drum magazine for loading paintballs and shaped projectiles into a magazine-fed firearm as claimed in claim 10 further comprises:
a locking assembly;
the locking assembly comprises a ratcheting gear;
the ratcheting gear being positioned opposite to the clock spring through the housing platform; and
the ratcheting gear being axially connected to the spring rotor.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Hydraulic Suspension Damper

Technical Field and Background:
Dampers of the features as above are known from the state of art as twin-tube dampers. They provide excellent tuning capabilities enabling for independent tuning both the valves of a slidable piston assembly and the valves of an additional base valve assembly that in a case of twin-tube dampers is located at the bottom end of the main tube. Twin-tube dampers also require relatively low pressure of the pressurised gas what results in relatively low internal pressure of the working liquid filling the damper, inducing relatively low friction force between a piston rod and a rod guide seal. Furthermore, the external tube is not used to guide the slidable piston assembly. Therefore possible deformations of the external tube, in particular in the bottom zone of the damper, where it is usually fixed to the steering knuckle of a vehicle suspension have no influence on the operation of the damper. Also the piston assembly is designed not to reach this bottom zone of the external tube in its sliding movement. Nonetheless, twin-tube dampers also have some disadvantages due to their complex structure, such as inter alia the necessity to provide a base valve assembly and a rod guide of a construction enabling for support of the external tube. These disadvantages of the twin tube dampers have been substantially eliminated in mono-tube dampers in which all three chambers, i.e. a rebound chamber, a compression chamber and a gas chamber, are arranged serially in a single tube. Mono-tube dampers are devoid of an additional valve assembly and an additional compensation chamber. A slidable partition is provided between the compression chamber and the gas chamber. However, other problems arise. Higher pressure is required in the chambers of the damper to eliminate free displacement of a slidable partition with no damping force generated by the valves of the piston assembly (a so called “no damping stroke effect”). This increased pressure in turn requires an improved sealing of the piston rod guide which in turn generates higher friction forces between the piston rod and the rod guide seal. Furthermore, the damper's length is increased since the gas chamber is positioned in series with the compression chamber along the longitudinal axis of the damper. Moreover, a certain dead zone exists at the end of the gas chamber where possible deformations of the main tube (which in this case is also an external tube) might lead to jamming of the slidable partition or otherwise limiting its sliding movement. Finally mono-tube dampers often provide significantly limited tuning capabilities as compared to twin-tube dampers. Yet another common disadvantage of both the above-mentioned damper types is a necessity to fill the gas chamber with a pressurised gas which process depends on the process of filing the damper with a working liquid. It has been the object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic damper that would retain all the aforementioned advantages of a twin-tube damper along with simplicity of construction as provided by a mono-tube damper. The inventors discovered that achieving these objects is possible by diverting the flow of working liquid radially inside the compression chamber (instead as radially outside as in twin-tube dampers).

Invention Disclosure:
A hydraulic damper (3) includes a tube (4), a piston assembly (5) disposed slidably inside the tube (4), and an additional valve assembly (13). A compression chamber (9) is defined between the piston assembly (5) and the additional valve assembly (13). An additional compensation chamber (14) is defined between the additional valve assembly (13) and one side of a slideable partition (10). A gas chamber (11) is defined at the other side of the slidable partition (10). The damper includes an additional chamber assembly (15) to retain all the advantages of a twin-tube damper while providing the single construction offered by a mono-tube damper. One end of the additional chamber assembly (15) is attached to the slidable piston chamber (5) or to said piston rod (6) at the compression side thereof and the other end of said additional chamber assembly (15) is terminated with the additional valve assembly (13).

[Assistant]
1. A hydraulic damper ( 3 ), in particular a motor vehicle suspension damper, comprising:
a tube ( 4 );
a piston assembly ( 5 ) disposed slidably inside the tube ( 4 ) and attached to a piston rod ( 6 ) led outside the tube through a sealed piston rod guide ( 7 ) located at the end of the tube ( 4 ), wherein a rebound chamber ( 8 ) filled with working liquid is defined between said piston rod guide ( 7 ) and said piston assembly ( 5 );
a valve assembly ( 13 ), wherein a compression chamber ( 9 ) filled with working liquid is defined between said piston assembly ( 5 ) and said valve assembly ( 13 );
a slidable partition ( 10 ), wherein a compensation chamber ( 14 ) filled with working liquid is defined between said valve assembly ( 13 ) and one side of said slidable partition ( 10 );
a gas chamber ( 11 ) filled with pressurised gas and defined at the other side of said slidable partition ( 10 );
said piston assembly ( 5 ) provided with rebound valves ( 51 ) and compression valves ( 52 ) to control the flow of working liquid passing between said rebound chamber ( 8 ) and said compression chamber ( 9 ), respectively, during rebound and compression stroke of the damper,
said valve assembly ( 13 ) provided with rebound valve ( 131 ) and compression valve ( 132 ) to control the flow of working liquid passing between said compensation chamber ( 14 ) and said compression chamber ( 9 ), respectively, during rebound and compression portions of the stroking cycle of the damper; and
a chamber assembly ( 15 ), wherein one end of said chamber assembly ( 15 ) is attached to said slidable piston assembly ( 5 ) or to said piston rod ( 6 ) at the compression side thereof and the other end of said chamber assembly ( 15 ) is terminated with said valve assembly ( 13 ), wherein said slidable partition ( 10 ) is disposed in said chamber assembly ( 15 ) and in sealing engagement with said chamber assembly ( 15 ) defining said pressurised gas chamber ( 11 ) and said compensation chamber ( 14 ) located inside said chamber assembly ( 15 ).

2. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic chamber is a mono-tube damper.

3. The hydraulic damper according to claim 2, wherein said chamber assembly ( 15 ) comprises a uniform body ( 151 ), preferably screwed to the end of the piston rod ( 6 ).

4. The hydraulic damper according to claim 3, wherein said chamber assembly ( 15 ) is a separate subassembly of the damper ( 3 ) independently assembled and filled with a pressurized gas.

5. The hydraulic damper according to claim 2, wherein said chamber assembly ( 15 ) is a separate subassembly of the damper ( 3 ) independently assembled and filled with a pressurized gas.

6. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said chamber assembly ( 15 ) comprises a uniform body ( 151 ), preferably screwed to the end of the piston rod ( 6 ).

7. The hydraulic damper according to claim 6, wherein said chamber assembly ( 15 ) is a separate subassembly of the damper ( 3 ) independently assembled and filled with a pressurized gas.

8. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said chamber assembly ( 15 ) is a separate subassembly of the damper ( 3 ) independently assembled and filled with a pressurized gas.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Method And Apparatus For Calculating Torque Of Walking Assistance Device

Technical Field and Background:
1. Field At least one example embodiment relates to a torque calculating method. For example, to a method of calculating a torque of a walking assistance device. 2. Description of the Related Art With the onset of rapidly aging societies, a number of people may experience inconvenience and/or pain from joint problems. Thus, there is a growing interest in walking assistance devices enabling the elderly and/or patients having joint problems to walk with less effort. Furthermore, walking assistance devices increasing muscular strength of human bodies may be desired for military purposes. In general, walking assistance devices may include body frames disposed on trunks of users, pelvic frames coupled to lower sides of the body frames to cover pelvises of the users, femoral frames disposed on thighs of the users, sural frames disposed on calves of the users, and/or pedial frames disposed on feet of the users. The pelvic frames and femoral frames may be connected rotatably by hip joint portions, the femoral frames and sural frames may be connected rotatably by knee joint portions, and/or the sural frames and pedial frames may be connected rotatably by ankle joint portions.

Invention Disclosure:
A method and apparatus for calculating a torque of a walking assistance device, the method including receiving a measured joint angle, obtaining a gait parameter with respect to a transition among a predetermined number of gait states based on the joint angle, obtaining a gait cycle based on the joint angle, and obtaining an output torque based on the gait cycle and the gait parameter, is provided.

[Assistant]
1. A method of calculating an output torque of a walking assistance device via a controller connected to one or more sensors, the method comprising:
sensing, via signals from the one or more sensors, a joint angle associated with a joint of a user;
determining a gait cycle by applying the joint angle to a particularly shaped adaptive oscillator (PSAO);
determining a gait parameter with respect to a transition among predefined gait states by applying the joint angle to a finite state machine (FSM);
calculating the output torque based on the gait cycle and the gait parameter, the calculating including,
correcting the gait cycle using the gait parameter as a reference value to generate a corrected gait cycle; and
calculating the output torque corresponding to the corrected gait cycle, and
instructing a driver to apply the output torque to a support of the walking assistance device associated with the joint of the user.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the gait cycle comprises:
calculating a first gait frequency based on the joint angle; and
determining the gait cycle based on the first gait frequency.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the gait parameter comprises:
determining a current one of the gait states based on a previous one of the gait states and the joint angle;
determining if the transition among the gait states occurred based on the previous one of the gait states and the current one of the gait states; and
determining the gait parameter in response to a determination that the transition occurred.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein
the determining the gait parameter further includes determining a second gait cycle as the gait parameter, and
the calculating the output torque includes calculating the output torque based on the gait cycle and the second gait cycle.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the determining the second gait cycle comprises:
defining a value preset with respect to the current one of the gait states as a value of the second gait cycle.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein
the determining the gait parameter includes calculating a second gait frequency as the gait parameter, and
the calculating the output torque includes calculating the output torque based on the gait cycle and the second gait frequency.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the calculating of the second gait frequency comprises:
calculating the second gait frequency based on a period of the transition.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein the determining the current one of the gait states comprises:
determining a gait state corresponding to the joint angle, among the gait states with respect to the joint angle, to be the current one of the gait states.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the output torque comprises:
determining whether a difference between the gait cycle and the gait parameter is greater than or equal to a threshold; and
calculating the output torque based on the gait parameter in response to a determination that the difference is greater than or equal to the threshold.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the output torque comprises:
determining whether a difference between the gait cycle and the gait parameter is greater than or equal to a threshold; and
calculating the output torque based on the gait cycle and the gait parameter, if the difference is less than the threshold.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the output torque comprises:
determining whether a condition is satisfied; and
calculating the output torque based on the gait parameter, if the condition is satisfied.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the condition is an initial stage of walking.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the condition is determined as the initial stage of walking when a current one of the gait states has been determined less than a set number of times.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the output torque comprises:
determining a final gait cycle based on the gait cycle and the gait parameter; and
calculating the output torque corresponding to the final gait cycle.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the joint angle is an angle of at least one of a hip joint, a knee joint, and an ankle joint.

16. A torque calculating apparatus comprising:
one or more sensors configured to sense a joint angle associated with a joint of a user;
a receiver configured to receive a measurement of the joint angle; and
a processor configured to,
determine a gait cycle by applying the joint angle to a particularly shaped adaptive oscillator (PSAO);
determine a gait parameter with respect to a transition among predefined gait states by applying the joint angle to a finite state machine (FSM);
calcuate output torque based on the gait cycle and the gait parameter by,
correcting the gait cycle using the gait parameter as a reference value to generate a corrected gait cycle; and
calculating the output torque corresponding to the corrected gait cycle, and
instruct a driver to apply the output torque to a support of a walking assistance device associated with the joint of the user.

17. A torque calculating method via a controller connected to one or more sensors, the method comprising:
sensing, via signals from the one or more sensors, a joint angle associated with a joint of a user;
obtaining a first gait cycle based on a measured joint angle using a particularly shaped adaptive oscillator (PSAO);
obtaining a second gait cycle with respect to a transition among predefined gait states based on the joint angle using a finite state machine (FSM);
calculating a final gait cycle based on the first gait cycle and the second gait cycle when the transition occurs;
calculating a torque corresponding to the final gait cycle; and
instructing a driver to apply the torque to a support of a walking assistance device associated with the joint of the user.

18. A method of calculating a torque to apply to a walking assistance device via a controller connected to one or more sensors, the method comprising:
sensing, via signals from the one or more sensors, a joint angle associated with a joint of a user;
determining a current gait state within a gait cycle of the user based on the joint angle by,
setting a phase of an oscillator of a particularly shaped adaptive oscillator (PSAO) as the current gait state, if the oscillator has a fundamental frequency corresponding to a gait frequency, and
setting a phase of a finite state machine (FSM) as the current gait state by overriding the PSAO, if the gait cycle has completed less than a threshold number of times;
calculating the torque based on the current gait state; and
instructing a driver to apply the torque to a support of the walking assistance device associated with the joint of the user.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the calculating the torque calculates the torque using the PSAO and the FSM.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
determining, using the PSAO, the current gait state based on a trajectory of the joint angle associated with the joint of the user.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Detection Of Welded Contactor Using Ac Coupling

Technical Field and Background:
Battery-powered vehicles, such as electric vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles, may contain one or more high-voltage batteries connected to a DC bus. A high-voltage battery pack may be used as the primary power source of a vehicle to drive various primary loads (e.g., traction motors) and various auxiliary loads (e.g., HVAC, lighting, pumps, etc.). During operation, the battery pack or part of it may need to be taken offline due to faulty components or conditions in the battery pack. For high-voltage battery applications, such as electric vehicles, disconnecting the battery pack may be achieved by opening a contactor connected between the battery pack and the high-voltage bus. Over time, the contactors may degrade and cause a safety hazard if they fail to open or close properly. Although a defective contactor may be detected by measuring the DC current or voltage in the high-voltage DC circuit directly, such a detection method may compromise the DC isolation between the contactor and the chassis ground to which most controller circuits are referenced. The present disclosure aims to address at least some of these considerations.

Invention Disclosure:
A system for detecting a condition of a contactor configured to connect a battery string to a direct-current bus in a vehicle may include a controller configured to open or close the contactor. The system may also include an alternating-current (AC) signal source configured to provide an AC test signal when the controller opens the contactor. The system may further include an AC coupling circuit. The AC coupling circuit may include a primary side of the AC coupling circuit connected to the AC test signal source, and a secondary side connected to the contactor. The system may also include a detection circuit configured to receive an AC return signal corresponding to the AC test signal, and determine a defective condition of the contactor based on the AC return signal.

[Assistant]
1. A system for detecting a condition of a contactor configured to connect a battery string to a direct-current (DC) bus in a vehicle, the system comprising:
a controller configured to open or close the contactor;
an alternating-current (AC) signal source configured to provide a first AC test signal when the controller opens the contactor;
an AC coupling circuit having a primary side and a secondary side, the primary side being connected to the AC test signal source, the secondary side connected to the contactor;
a detection circuit configured to:
receive a first AC return signal corresponding to the first AC test signal, and
detect a defective condition of the contactor based on the first AC return signal; and
at least one capacitor coupled between the secondary side of the coupling circuit and the contactor.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the detection circuit is further configured to:
determine an amplitude of the first AC return signal; and
detect the defective condition of the contactor if the amplitude of the first AC return signal exceeds a threshold.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein:
the AC test signal source is further configured to provide a second AC test signal when the controller closes the contactor; and
the detection circuit is further configured to:
receive a second AC return signal corresponding to the second AC test signal, and
detect the defective condition of the contactor based on the first and second AC return signals.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the detection circuit is further configured to:
determine a difference between an amplitude of the first AC return signal and an amplitude of the second AC return signal; and
detect the defective condition of the contactor if the determined difference is less than a threshold.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to disconnect the battery string from the DC power bus if the contactor is defective.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first AC test signal has an amplitude ranging from about 10 μA to 25 mA and a frequency ranging from about 100 kHz to about 10 MHz.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the coupling circuit is a transformer.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a resistor connected in parallel with the contactor.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the detection circuit is further configured to provide a warning signal if the defective condition of the contactor is detected.

10. A vehicle, comprising:
a battery string;
a direct-current (DC) power bus;
a contactor configured to connect the battery string to the DC power bus;
a controller configured to open or close the contactor;
an alternating-current (AC) signal source configured to provide an AC test signal when the controller opens the contactor;
an AC coupling circuit having a primary side and a secondary side, the primary side connected to the AC test signal source, the secondary side connected to the contactor;
a detection circuit configured to:
detect an AC return signal corresponding to the AC test signal, and
determine a defective condition of the contactor based on the AC return signal; and
at least one capacitor coupled between the secondary side of the coupling circuit and the contactor.

11. A system for detecting a condition of a contactor configured to connect a battery string to a direct-current (DC) bus in a vehicle, the system comprising:
a controller configured to open or close the contactor;
an alternating-current (AC) signal source configured to provide a first AC test signal when the controller opens the contactor;
an AC coupling circuit having a primary side and a secondary side, the primary side being connected to the AC test signal source, the secondary side connected to the contactor;
a detection circuit configured to:
receive a first AC return signal corresponding to the first AC test signal, and
detect a defective condition of the contactor based on the first AC return signal; and
at least one capacitor coupled between the primary side of the coupling circuit and the AC test signal source.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the detection circuit is further configured to:
determine an amplitude of the first AC return signal; and
detect the defective condition of the contactor if the amplitude of the first AC return signal exceeds a threshold.

13. The system of claim 11, wherein:
the AC test signal source is further configured to provide a second AC test signal when the controller closes the contactor; and
the detection circuit is further configured to:
receive a second AC return signal corresponding to the second AC test signal, and
detect the defective condition of the contactor based on the first and second AC return signals.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the detection circuit is further configured to:
determine a difference between an amplitude of the first AC return signal and an amplitude of the second AC return signal; and
detect the defective condition of the contactor if the determined difference is less than a threshold.

15. The system of claim 11, wherein the controller is further configured to disconnect the battery string from the DC power bus if the contactor is defective.

16. The system of claim 11, wherein the first AC test signal has an amplitude ranging from about 10 μA to 25 mA and a frequency ranging from about 100 kHz to about 10 MHz.

17. The system of claim 11, wherein the coupling circuit is a transformer.

18. The system of claim 11, further comprising a resistor connected in parallel with the contactor.

19. The system of claim 11, wherein the detection circuit is further configured to provide a warning signal if the defective condition of the contactor is detected.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Rubber-Metal Sleeve Bearing

Technical Field and Background:
The present invention relates to a rubber-metal sleeve bearing. The following discussion of related art is provided to assist the reader in understanding the advantages of the invention, and is not to be construed as an admission that this related art is prior art to this invention. Rubber-metal sleeve bearings find application for example in the automobile construction as link bearing in the chassis. The outer sleeve is hereby press-fitted in an opening of the chassis control arm and the inner sleeve has a through opening for receiving a screw as fastener. It would be desirable and advantageous to provide an improved rubber-metal sleeve bearing which obviates prior art shortcomings and enables the implementation of different cardanic rigidities in various spatial directions.

Invention Disclosure:
A rubber-metal sleeve bearing includes an outer sleeve having a first outer edge and a second outer edge in opposing relationship to the first outer edge, when viewed in an axial direction. The first and second outer edges each have at least one section provided with radially inwardly recessed outer edge regions. An inner sleeve is disposed in concentric relation to the outer sleeve, and an intermediate sleeve is disposed concentrically between the outer and inner sleeves and connected to the outer sleeve via a first elastomer layer and to the inner sleeve via a second elastomer layer.

[Assistant]
1. A rubber-metal sleeve bearing, comprising:
an outer sleeve having a constant inner diameter and having a first outer edge and a second outer edge in opposing relationship to the first outer edge, when viewed in an axial direction;
an inner sleeve disposed in concentric relation to the outer sleeve having at least one section in the form of a non-round outer surface; and
an intermediate sleeve disposed concentrically between the outer and inner sleeves and connected to the outer sleeve via a first elastomer layer and to the inner sleeve via a second elastomer layer, wherein the intermediate sleeve has outer and inner surfaces, each having at least two non-round sections every 90°, when viewed in a circumferential direction, said non-round sections of the outer and inner surfaces being arranged in offset relation to one another in the circumferential direction, with the non-round sections of the outer surface or the inner surface of the intermediate sleeve being configured to complement the outer edge regions of the outer sleeve, wherein the non-round sections of the inner sleeve and the non-round sections of the inner surface of the intermediate sleeve are oriented adjacent to one another.

2. The rubber-metal sleeve bearing of claim 1, wherein the outer edge regions have a crescent-shaped configuration.

3. The rubber-metal sleeve bearing of claim 1, wherein the non-round sections of the outer and inner surfaces of the intermediate sleeve oppose one another, when viewed in a radial direction.

4. The rubber-metal sleeve bearing of claim 1, wherein at least one of the outer and inner surfaces of the intermediate sleeve is spherical in shape and the non-round sections are each configured as planar surfaces.

5. The rubber-metal sleeve bearing of claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the inner sleeve is spherical in shape and the non-round sections are each configured as planar surfaces.

6. The rubber-metal sleeve bearing of claim 1, wherein the intermediate sleeve is produced through an extrusion process.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Method And Apparatus For Re-Searching Resource Of Discovery Signal For Device To Device Communication In Wireless Communication System

Technical Field and Background:
Device-to-device (D2D) communication enables a user equipment (UE) to directly communicate with another UE in the vicinity thereof. Compared to existing communication technologies involving base stations (ENB), D2D communication facilitating easy frequency reuse between proximate UEs requires a smaller amount of radio resources and can be more efficient in the usage of radio resources. As D2D communication enables one UE to obtain information about nearby UEs, the obtained information can be used to create new services including advertisement services and social networking services (SNS). Currently, various efforts are underway to support D2D technologies, such as transmission and reception schemes for discovery signals to discover proximate UEs and schemes for synchronization in D2D communication, in the Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) system. FIG. 1 depicts a situation where D2D communication is supported in a cellular system. In FIG. 1 , the ENB 101 manages UEs 103 , 104 and 105 remaining in the coverage of its cell 102 . The UE 103 and the ENB 101 may perform cellular communication via a UE-ENB link 107 ; the UE 104 and the ENB 101 may perform cellular communication via a UE-ENB link 108 ; and the UE 105 and the ENB 101 may perform cellular communication via a UE-ENB link 109 . Here, when D2D communication is possible between the UE 103 and the UE 104 , the UE 103 and the UE 104 may directly exchange information via a D2D link 106 without passing through the ENB 101 . However, if the radio resources used by the D2D link 106 for D2D communication between the UE 103 and the UE 104 are identical to those used by the link 109 for cellular communication between the UE 105 and the ENB 101 , cellular communication and D2D communication cannot be correctly performed owing to interference therebetween. Hence, when D2D communication uses a cellular mobile communication system such as the LTE system, for correct operation of cellular communication and D2D communication, resources used by D2D communication may be separated from resources used by UEs using the existing cellular communication system. As such, it is necessary to provide a method and apparatus that enable efficient usage of transmission resources for D2D communication.

Invention Disclosure:
Provided is a method of sending and receiving signals for a user equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system. The method may include: receiving discovery signal configuration information; scanning a discovery signal resource region determined based on the discovery signal configuration information; transmitting a discovery signal at a resource of the discovery signal resource region selected based on the scanning result; and rescanning the discovery signal resource region on the basis of at least one of the discovery signal configuration information and the scanning result. There are provided a method and apparatus for sending and receiving a discovery signal for D2D communication in a wireless communication system. A UE is allocated discovery signal transmission resources via signaling from the ENB and periodically rescans the discovery signal transmission resources. Thereby, it is possible to send and receive discovery signals in a more efficient manner.

[Assistant]
1. A method of transmitting and receiving signals for a terminal in a mobile communication system, the method comprising:
receiving discovery signal configuration information including period information for rescanning a discovery signal;
scanning a discovery signal resource region determined based on the discovery signal configuration information;
transmitting a discovery signal on a resource of the discovery signal resource region selected based on the scanning result; and
rescanning the discovery signal resource region based on at least one of the discovery signal configuration information and the scanning result.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting a discovery signal comprises scanning the discovery signal resource region except for the selected resource.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving discovery signal configuration information comprises receiving rescan offset information, and
wherein rescanning the discovery signal resource region comprises rescanning the discovery signal resource region based on the rescan offset information.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein rescanning the discovery signal resource region comprises:
transmitting a discovery signal on a resource other than the selected resource in the discovery signal resource region; and
rescanning the discovery signal resource region except for the resource used for discovery signal transmission.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein rescanning the discovery signal resource region comprises:
changing the existing rescan period if the scanning result indicates that the information about a different terminal having transmitted a discovery signal is changed by an amount greater than or equal to a preset threshold; and
rescanning the discovery signal resource region according to the changed rescan period.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving information for a change in the discovery signal resource region, and wherein rescanning the discovery signal resource region comprises changing the existing rescan period if the resource used for discovery signal transmission does not belong to the changed discovery signal resource region, and rescanning the changed discovery signal resource region according to the changed rescan period.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein rescanning the discovery signal resource region comprises rescanning the discovery signal resource region according to a rescan period determined based on the mobility of the terminal.

8. A terminal transmitting and receiving signals in a mobile communication system, comprising:
a transceiver configured to transmit and receive at least one signal; and
a controller coupled with the transceiver and configured to:
receive discovery signal configuration information including period information for rescanning a discovery signal
scan a discovery signal resource region determined based on configuration information,
transmit a discovery signal on a resource of the discovery signal resource region selected based on the scanning result, and
rescan the discovery signal resource region based on at least one of the configuration information and the scanning result.

9. The terminal of claim 8, wherein the controller scans the discovery signal resource region except for the selected resource.

10. The terminal of claim 8, wherein the controller receives rescan offset information, and rescans the discovery signal resource region based on the rescan offset information.

11. The terminal of claim 8, wherein the controller transmits a discovery signal on a resource other than the selected resource in the discovery signal resource region, and rescans the discovery signal resource region except for the resource used for discovery signal transmission.

12. The terminal of claim 8, wherein the controller changes the existing rescan period if the scanning result indicates that the information about a different terminal having transmitted a discovery signal is changed by an amount greater than or equal to a preset threshold, and rescans the discovery signal resource region according to the changed rescan period.

13. The terminal of claim 8, wherein the controller receives information for a change in the discovery signal resource region, changes the existing rescan period if the resource used for discovery signal transmission does not belong to the changed discovery signal resource region, and rescans the changed discovery signal resource region according to the changed rescan period.

14. The terminal of claim 8, wherein the controller rescans the discovery signal resource region according to a rescan period determined based on the mobility of the terminal.

15. A method of transmitting and receiving signals for a base station in a mobile communication system, the method comprising:
transmitting, to a terminal, discovery signal configuration information including period information for rescanning a discovery signal; and
receiving, from the terminal, a discovery signal on a resource,
wherein a discovery signal resource region is determined by the terminal based on the discovery signal configuration information and the resource is selected by the terminal from the discovery signal resource region according to the result of scanning the discovery signal resource region,
wherein the terminal rescans the discovery signal resource region based on at least one of the discovery signal configuration information and the scanning result.

16. A base station transmitting and receiving signals in a mobile communication system, comprising:
a transceiver configured to transmit and receive at least one signal; and
a controller coupled with the transceiver and configured to:
transmit, to a terminal, discovery signal configuration information including period information for rescanning a discovery signal, and
receive a discovery signal transmitted by the terminal on a resource,
wherein a discovery signal resource region is determined by the terminal based on the discovery signal configuration information and the resource is selected by the terminal from the discovery signal resource region according to the result of scanning the discovery signal resource region,
wherein the terminal rescans the discovery signal resource region based on at least one of the discovery signal configuration information and the scanning result.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Low Dynamic Resistance Low Capacitance Diodes

Technical Field and Background:
Diodes with low dynamic resistance and low capacitance are useful in electronic circuits, for example in electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuits. Low capacitance is attained by a lightly doped layer of a forward-biased diode in series with a reverse-biased diode; the reverse-biased diode has a heavily doped buried layer over the substrate which sets the breakdown voltage. It is desirable to minimize the dynamic resistance and capacitance of the diode, while providing a desired breakdown voltage. In some applications, the desired breakdown voltage may be 6 volts to 8 volts; in other applications, the desired breakdown voltage may be significantly higher, for example in the range of 20 volts to 40 volts. The dynamic resistance is limited by the conductivity of the substrate; increasing the dopant density in the substrate to improve the dynamic resistance disadvantageously reduces the breakdown voltage. Simultaneously attaining desired values of dynamic resistance and breakdown voltage has been problematic.

Invention Disclosure:
A low dynamic resistance, low capacitance diode of a semiconductor device includes a heavily-doped n-type substrate. A lightly-doped n-type layer 1 micron to 5 microns thick is disposed on the n-type substrate. A lightly-doped p-type layer 3 microns to 8 microns thick is disposed on the n-type layer. The low dynamic resistance, low capacitance diode, of the semiconductor device includes a p-type buried layer, with a peak dopant density above 1×1017 cm−3, extending from the p-type layer through the n-type layer to the n-type substrate. The low dynamic resistance, low capacitance diode also includes an n-type region disposed in the p-type layer, extending to a top surface of the p-type layer.

[Assistant]
1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
an n-type substrate;
an n-type layer above the n-type substrate;
a p-type layer above the n-type layer;
a diode, comprising;
a p-type buried layer interfacing with the p-type layer and extending through the n-type layer to the n-type substrate; and
an n-type region in the p-type layer and extending to a top surface of the p-type layer above the p-type buried layer; and
an isolation structure laterally surrounding the diode, the isolation structure extending from the top surface of the p-type layer to the n-type substrate below the p-type buried layer.

2. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein:
an average dopant density of the n-type substrate is 5×10 19 cm −3 to 7×10 19 cm −3;
a thickness of the n-type layer is 1.5 microns to 2.5 microns; and
a peak dopant density of the p-type buried layer is 5×10 18 cm −3 to 1×10 19 cm −3.

3. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the p-type buried layer having a peak dopant density greater than 1×10 17 cm −3.

4. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein:
an average dopant density of the n-type substrate is 1×10 19 cm −3 to 5×10 19 cm −3;
a thickness of the n-type layer is 2.5 microns to 3.0 microns; and
a peak dopant density of the p-type buried layer is 5×10 17 cm −3 to 2×10 18 cm −3.

5. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the p-type layer has a thickness ranging from 3 microns to 8 microns, and an average dopant density less than 1×10 15 cm −3.

6. The semiconductor device of claim 1, the n-type region comprising a heavier-doped inner portion having an average doping density of 1×10 17 cm −3 to 3×10 19 cm −3, and a lighter-doped outer portion at least 100 nanometers thick under and around the heavier-doped inner portion, the lighter-doped outer portion having an average doping density of 1×10 16 cm −3 to 1×10 17 cm −3.

7. The semiconductor device of claim 1, comprising:
a parallel diode, comprising a p-type region disposed in the p-type layer and extending to the top surface of the p-type layer and vertically separated by at least a micron from the n-type layer, the p-type region having an average dopant density of at least 1×10 17 cm −3, the parallel diode being free of the p-type buried layer;
a first terminal directly electrically coupled to the n-type region and the p-type region; and
a second terminal directly electrically coupled to the n-type substrate, wherein the isolation structure laterally separates the diode from the parallel diode.

8. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein:
an average dopant density of the n-type layer is less than 1×10 16 cm −3;
an average dopant density of the p-type layer is less than 1×10 15 cm −3; and
a peak dopant density of the p-type buried layer is greater than 1×10 17 cm −3.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Tray Table And Method Therefor

Technical Field and Background:
1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to seatback tray tables and in particular to a tray table with a rotatable panel for electronic devices. 2. Related Art Airplane tray tables have been largely unchanged for decades. In general, such tray tables move between a stowed upright position and a service position where a tray table is generally horizontal so that items may be supported by the tray table. In the service position, the tray table may be used to support food, drink, and other items for a passenger. Attempts have been made to update traditional tray tables. For example, U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0126739 discloses a portable collapsible tray table apparatus configured to provide an elevated platform upon which a user's electronic device may be supported. For instance, the tray table apparatus may support the user's laptop at an elevated position. The elevated platform may also include a removable section that can be removed to reveal an electronic device holder for holding a user's electronic device. As another example, U.S. Pat. No. 7,500,716 discloses a multi-function tray table having a slidable portion and an internal stationary portion. The slidable portion extends towards a passenger during use while the stationary portion does not. The stationary portion and the sliding portion are required parts of an elaborate mechanism configured to ensure that an entertainment device of the tray table is viewable when the tray table is stowed. From the discussion that follows, it will become apparent that the present invention addresses the deficiencies associated with the prior art while providing numerous additional advantages and benefits not contemplated or possible with prior art constructions.

Invention Disclosure:
A tray table that facilitates consumption of entertainment and various other media via a portable electronic device is disclosed herein. The tray table includes a panel that secures the portable electronic device for hands free operation. One or more channels at the panel receive at least a portion of the portable electronic device. The panel is capable of rotating between an open and closed position, while the tray table itself may rotate between a stowed and service position.

[Assistant]
1. A method for holding a portable electronic device at a tray table comprising:
providing a panel having a first side, a second side and one or more channels at the first side,
the one or more channels dimensioned to receive at least a portion of the portable electronic device;
providing one or more rotatable mounts;
attaching a first portion of the one or more rotatable mounts to the panel; and
affixing a second portion of the one or more rotatable mounts to a body of the tray table, wherein the second portion is fixed in position relative to the body while the first portion is rotatable relative to the body.

2. A method for holding a portable electronic device at a passenger seat comprising:
identifying a tray table;
providing a panel having one or more channels attached thereto, the one or more channels dimensioned to receive at least a portion of the portable electronic device;
providing one or more rotatable mounts;
attaching a first portion of the one or more rotatable mounts to the panel; and
affixing a second portion of the one or more rotatable mounts to a body of the tray table, wherein the second portion is fixed in position relative to the body while the first portion is rotatable relative to the body.

3. A tray table for securing a portable electronic device at a passenger seat comprising:
a planar body;
a panel rotatably attached to the planar body by one or more rotatable mounts;
one or more channels at at least one side of the panel, the one or more channels dimensioned to receive at least a portion of the portable electronic device; and
one or more mounting points at which the planar body is attached to the passenger seat.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Light Emitting Device

Technical Field and Background:
1. Field Embodiments relate to a light emitting device. 2. Background Light emitting devices, such as light emitting diodes or laser diodes using group III-V or II-VI compound semiconductor materials, generate light of various colors, such as red, green, blue, and ultraviolet light, due to development of thin film growth techniques and device materials, and generate white light having high efficiency using fluorescent materials or through color mixing. Further, light emitting devices exhibit low power consumption, semipermanent lifespan, fast response time, safety, and eco-friendliness, as compared to conventional light sources, such as fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps. Therefore, light emitting devices are increasingly applied to transmission modules of optical communication units, light emitting diode backlights substituting for cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) constituting backlights of liquid crystal display (LCD) devices, lighting apparatuses using white light emitting diodes substituting for fluorescent lamps or incandescent lamps, head lights for vehicles, and traffic lights. In case of a horizontal type light emitting device, a light emitting structure including an n-GaN layer, an active layer, and a p-GaN layer is generally stacked on a sapphire substrate. Due to characteristics of the horizontal type light emitting device, an n-electrode and a p-electrode are horizontally formed and may cause high current spreading resistance. Such a problem occurs even in a light emitting device in which plural light emitting cells are connected in series or in parallel. Therefore, in order to enhance current spreading, the positions of the n-electrode and the p-electrode need to be optimized. The above references are incorporated by reference herein where appropriate for appropriate teachings of additional or alternative details, features and/or technical background.

Invention Disclosure:
A light emitting device includes a substrate, a plurality of light emitting cells separated from each other and disposed on the substrate, and a plurality of conductive interconnection layers electrically connecting two neighboring light emitting cells. Each light emitting cell includes a light emitting structure including a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a first electrode, a second electrode, and an etching area. The light emitting structure further includes a first side surface and a second side surface, and if a width between the first side surface and the second side surface is defined as W, the second electrode is disposed in an area between a position separated from the first side surface by 1 5  W and a position separated from the first side surface of the light emitting structure by 1 2  W .

[Assistant]
1. A light emitting device comprising:
a substrate;
a plurality of light emitting cells separated from each other and provided on the substrate, the plurality of light emitting cells including a first light emitting cell and a second light emitting cell, said second light emitting cell neighboring the first light emitting cell;
a plurality of conductive interconnection layers, wherein a first one of the plurality of conductive interconnection layers electrically contacts the two neighboring light emitting cells,
wherein each of the plurality of light emitting cells includes a light emitting structure including a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a first electrode on the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a second electrode on the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and an etching area, in which the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer is exposed, formed by partially etching the light emitting structure, and
an insulating layer along a first side surface of the light emitting structure of the first light emitting cell and along a second side surface of the light emitting structure of the second light emitting cell,
wherein the second electrode includes a first part disposed in a first direction parallel with the first side surface and a second part disposed in a second direction differing from the first direction, wherein a length of the first part of the second electrode is greater than a length of the second part of the second electrode.

2. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first one of the plurality of connective interconnect layers extends from the second electrode and along the first side surface of the light emitting structure of the first light emitting cell while on the insulating layer, and the first one of the plurality of conductive interconnect layers extends adjacent to the substrate and then along the second side surface of the light emitting structure of the second light emitting cell while on the insulating layer.

3. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting structure of the first light emitting cell includes the first side surface adjacent to the second electrode and parallel with the second electrode, and the light emitting structure of the second light emitting cell includes the second side surface opposite to the first side surface of the first light emitting cell and contacting the etching area.

4. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein when a width between the first side surface and the second side surface is defined as W from a top view, the second electrode is provided in an area between a position separated from the first side surface of the light emitting structure by ⅕ W and a position separated from the first side surface of the light emitting structure by ½ W.

5. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first part of the second electrode is disposed in the first direction parallel with the first side surface, and the first one of the plurality of conductive interconnection layers is provided in the first direction.

6. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first part of the second electrode is provided in the first direction parallel with the first side surface, and at least one of the plurality of conductive interconnection layers is disposed in a second direction differing from the first direction.

7. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the first one of the plurality of conductive interconnection layers overlaps with the second part of the second electrode.

8. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first one of the plurality of conductive interconnection layers connects the first electrode of one of the two neighboring light emitting cells and the second electrode of the other one of the two neighboring light emitting cells.

9. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer electrically isolates the two neighboring light emitting cells.

10. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the second part of the second electrode deviates from the area between the position separated from the first side surface of the light emitting structure by ⅕ W and the position separated from the first side surface of the light emitting structure by ½ W.

11. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the second side surface is disposed at a predetermined angle from the etching area.

12. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the width of a portion of the conductive interconnection layer on the light emitting cell is less than the width of a portion of the conductive interconnection layer disposed between the two neighboring light emitting cells.

13. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode of the second light emitting cell is provided at an edge of the second light emitting cell.

14. The light emitting device according to claim 13, wherein the second electrode of the first light emitting cell adjacent to the second light emitting cell is provided on a line differing from the line on which the first electrode of the second light emitting cell is disposed.

15. The light emitting device according to claim 5, wherein the first electrode of the second light emitting cell contacting the first one of the conductive interconnection layers disposed in the first direction includes a bent part.

16. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of conductive interconnection layers are provided in a first direction and a second direction different to the first direction.

17. A light emitting device comprising:
a substrate;
a plurality of light emitting cells separated from each other and provided on the substrate, the plurality of light emitting cells including a first light emitting cell and a second light emitting cell, said second light emitting cell neighboring the first light emitting cell;
a plurality of conductive interconnection layers, wherein a first one of the plurality of conductive interconnection layers electrically contacts the two neighboring light emitting cells,
wherein each of the plurality of light emitting cells includes a light emitting structure including a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a first electrode on the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a second electrode on the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and an etching area, in which the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer is exposed, formed by partially etching the light emitting structure, and
an insulating layer along a first side surface of the light emitting structure of the first light emitting cell and along a second side surface of the light emitting structure of the second light emitting cell,
wherein the second electrode includes a first part in a first direction parallel with the first side surface and a second part in a second direction differing from the first direction, and wherein a length of the first part of the second electrode is greater than a length of the second part of the second electrode, and
wherein the light emitting structure of the first light emitting cell includes the first side surface adjacent to the second electrode and parallel with the second electrode, and the light emitting structure of the second light emitting cell includes the second side surface opposite to the first side surface and contacting the etching area, and when a width between the first side surface and the second side surface is defined as W from a top view.

18. A light emitting device comprising:
a substrate;
a plurality of light emitting cells disposed on the substrate, the plurality of light emitting cells including a first light emitting cell and a second light emitting cell;
a plurality of conductive interconnection layers, wherein a first one of the plurality of conductive interconnection layers electrically contacts two neighboring light emitting cells,
wherein each of the plurality of light emitting cells includes a light emitting structure including a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a first electrode on the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and a second electrode on the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and
an insulating layer along a first side surface of the light emitting structure of the first light emitting cell and along a second side surface of the light emitting structure of the second light emitting cell,
wherein when a width between the first side surface and the second side surface is defined as W from a top view, the first electrode of the second light emitting cell is provided at an edge of the second light emitting cell and the second electrode of the first light emitting cell adjacent to the second light emitting cell is provided on a line differing from a line on which the first electrode of the second light emitting cell is provided,
wherein the second electrode includes a first part disposed in a first direction parallel with the first side surface and a second part disposed in a second direction differing from the first direction, and
wherein a length of the first part of the second electrode is greater than a length of the second part of the second electrode.

19. The light emitting device according to claim 18, wherein the light emitting structure of the first light emitting cell includes the first side surface adjacent to the second electrode and parallel with the second electrode, and the light emitting structure of the second light emitting cell includes the second side surface opposite to the first side surface.

20. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the second direction is parallel with the second surface.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Apparatus For Mounting An Object To A Structure In A Vibration-Free Manner

Technical Field and Background:
It is known for various currently produced motor vehicles, particularly minibuses and trucks, that vibrations of the mirror glass of an exterior rear view mirror of these motor vehicles may occur in a frequency range of 10 to 80 Hz and at a considerable amplitude which has to be considered as being critical. It is further known that mirror glasses of exterior rear view mirrors of motorbikes intensively vibrate in specific motor rotation speed ranges to such an extent that the exterior rear view mirrors lose their function and the driver of the motorbike has to turn around for viewing backwards. Besides approaches to stiffen the support of the mirror glass of the respective exterior rear view mirror at the body of the motor vehicle such that relative vibrations of the mirror glass with regard to the body do no longer occur, it is also known to attenuate occurring vibrations of the mirror glass of the exterior rear view mirror by means of a friction damper (see for example DE 101 43 976 B4 or DE 198 03 459 A1) or by means of a vibration absorber (see for example DE 42 00 744 C2). Whereas the efficiency of friction dampers strongly depends on the weather, particularly on atmospheric moisture and temperature, friction dampers often do not achieve a sufficient lifetime, and friction dampers also transfer disturbing forces from the body onto the mirror glass of the exterior rear view mirror, vibration absorbers are only effective in a small range of frequencies around their absorber eigenfrequency. Active measures for suppressing vibrations are also known. They use activatable functional materials to apply forces to a mounted object to keep the object at rest by means of adjusting a sum total of the forces acting on the object to zero. Such an active vibration suppression does also not have a very large range of efficiency. Here, however, rather a limitation with regard to the coverable amplitudes is given than with regard to the coverable frequencies. This particularly applies, if, due to interposed adjusting and retracting mechanism for example, a mirror glass of an exterior rear view mirror can not be essentially rigidly mounted to the body of a motor vehicle. U.S. Pat. No. 5,492,313 discloses flexure bearings for reciprocating components of cryo coolers. These bearings were first applied with spiral-cut diaphragms. According to U.S. Pat. No. 5,492,313 A, such flexure bearings for reciprocating machines comprising a translating cut diaphragm with circumferential tangent cantilever flexure blades secured between rim and hub spaces are improved by symmetrical opposing end angles and ends equally displaced from radial lines extending from the center of the diaphragm. DE 197 23 515 A1 comprises an elastic element with leaf springs for a connection of two parts which is elastic in one direction of motion. A plurality of such elastic elements which are arranged at a distance in this direction of motion can be used for mounting an object to a structure such that the object is softly supported at the structure in this direction of motion whereas it is rigidly guided by the structure in all other directions. There still is a need of an apparatus for mounting an object to a structure in a vibration-free manner, which has general advantages, like for example in mounting an object subjected to aerodynamic loads to the body of a motor vehicle.

Invention Disclosure:
The invention relates to an apparatus for mounting an object to a structure. The apparatus includes an elastic arrangement including at least two elastic partial arrangements. The two elastic partial arrangements are arranged at a distance in the direction of a main axis, and the two elastic partial arrangements are soft in the direction of the main axis and stiff in all directions orthogonal to the main axis. Each of the two elastic partial arrangements comprises an inner connection area close to the main axis and an outer connection area farther away from the main axis, and each of the two elastic partial arrangements comprises at least two leaf springs which extend between the inner connection area and the outer connection area and which are spirally wound into each other within a common leaf plane.

[Assistant]
1. An apparatus for mounting an object to a structure, the apparatus comprising:
an elastic arrangement including at least two elastic partial arrangements,
the two elastic partial arrangements being arranged at a distance in the direction of a main axis,
the two elastic partial arrangements being soft in the direction of the main axis and stiff in all directions orthogonal to the main axis,
wherein each of the two elastic partial arrangements comprises an inner connection area close to the main axis and an outer connection area farther away from the main axis, and
wherein each of the two elastic partial arrangements comprises at least two leaf springs which extend between the inner connection area and the outer connection area and which are spirally wound into each other within a common leaf plane;
wherein an absorber mass of a vibration absorber is mounted to the object via a further elastic arrangement comprising at least two further elastic partial arrangements arranged at a distance in the direction of the main axis; and
wherein the leaf springs of each one of the two elastic partial arrangements and one of the two further elastic partial arrangements are spirally wound into each other within the respective common leaf plane, wherein the one of the two elastic partial arrangements and the one of the two further elastic partial arrangements have a common connector for the object.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the object includes a mass repeatedly accelerated along the main axis.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the leaf springs has a width which is constant between the outer connection area and the inner connection area.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the leaf springs extending between the inner connection area and the outer connection area spans an angle in a range from 180° to 270° in circumferential direction about the main axis.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the leaf springs of each of the two elastic partial arrangements are rotational symmetric with regard to the main axis.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the leaf springs of each of the two elastic partial arrangements are arranged at a maximum distance in circumferential direction about the main axis.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the leaf springs of each of the two elastic partial arrangements are part of a single one-piece leaf spring unit.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the leaf springs are made of at least one of a metallic material and a fiber compound material.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the distance between the at least two elastic partial arrangements in the direction of the main axis is at least twice the distance of the outer connection area to the inner connection area of each of the two elastic partial arrangements in radial direction to the main axis.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inner connection area of each of the two elastic partial arrangements comprises a common connector for all leaf springs, and wherein the outer connection area of each of the two elastic partial arrangements comprises a separate connection point for each leaf spring.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the leaf springs of the one of the two elastic partial arrangements and the one of the two further elastic partial arrangements are parts of a single one-piece leaf spring unit.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a damping device is provided which dampens relative movements between the inner connection area and the outer connection area of at least one of the two elastic partial arrangements.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the damping device provides for at least one of a magnetic damping, an internal damping of the leaf springs and a damping by a damping material arranged on at least one of the leaf springs of the at least one of the two elastic partial arrangements.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a functional material is applied to at least one of the leaf springs of at least one of the two elastic partial arrangements, and wherein the at least one of the leaf springs is deformable by activating the functional material applied thereto.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the leaf springs have a width which increases from the outer connection area towards the inner connection area.

16. An apparatus for mounting an object to a structure, the apparatus comprising
an elastic arrangement including at least two first elastic partial arrangements,
the two first elastic partial arrangements being arranged at a distance in the direction of a main axis,
the two first elastic partial arrangements being soft in the direction of the main axis and stiff in all directions orthogonal to the main axis,
wherein each of the two first elastic partial arrangement comprises an inner connection area close to the main axis and an outer connection area farther away from the main axis, and
wherein each of the two first elastic partial arrangement comprises at least two leaf springs which extend between the inner connection area and the outer connection area and which are spirally wound into each other within a common leaf plane, wherein each of the leaf springs extending between the inner connection area and the outer connection area spans an angle in a range from 180° to 270° in circumferential direction about the main axis,
wherein the distance between the at least two first elastic partial arrangement in the direction of the main axis is at least twice the distance of the outer connection area to the inner connection area of each of the two first elastic partial arrangements in radial direction to the main axis,
wherein the object is mounted to the inner connection areas of the two first elastic partial arrangements, and wherein an absorber mass of a vibration absorber is mounted to the object via a further elastic arrangement comprising at least two second elastic partial arrangement arranged at a distance in the direction of the main axis, wherein the leaf springs of each one of the first elastic partial arrangements and one of the second elastic partial arrangements are spirally wound into each other within the respective common leaf plane, wherein the one of the first elastic partial arrangements and the one of the second elastic partial arrangement have a common connector for the object, wherein the leaf springs of the one of the first elastic partial arrangements and the one of the second elastic partial arrangements are parts of a single one-piece leaf spring unit.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a damping device is provided which dampens relative movements between the inner connection area and the outer connection area of at least one of the two elastic partial arrangements, wherein the damping device provides for at least one of a magnetic damping, an internal damping of the leaf springs and a damping by a damping material arranged on at least one of the leaf springs of the at least one of the two elastic partial arrangements.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a functional material is applied to at least one of the leaf springs of at least one of the two elastic partial arrangements, and wherein the at least one of the leaf springs is deformable by activating the functional material applied thereto.

19. An apparatus for mounting an object to a structure, the apparatus comprising:
an elastic arrangement including at least two elastic partial arrangements,
the two elastic partial arrangements being arranged at a distance in the direction of a main axis,
the two elastic partial arrangements being soft in the direction of the main axis and stiff in all directions orthogonal to the main axis,
wherein each of the two elastic partial arrangements comprises an inner connection area close to the main axis and an outer connection area farther away from the main axis, and
wherein each of the two elastic partial arrangements comprises at least two leaf springs which extend between the inner connection area and the outer connection area and which are spirally wound into each other within a common leaf plane; and
wherein a functional material is applied to at least one of the leaf springs of at least one of the two elastic partial arrangements, and wherein the at least one of the leaf springs is deformable by activating the functional material applied thereto.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Plug-In Bulb Coupling Structure

Technical Field and Background:
At present, a drive circuit inside a lamp cap of an existing commercially available LED string lamp product is generally directly connected to a power line by welding, resulting in complex assembly and production, low reliability and low production efficiency. Furthermore, the waterproof performance may be realized by additionally providing components such as a waterproof ring; and the reliability of products is not high due to a large number of parts.

Invention Disclosure:
The present invention relates to a plug-in bulb coupling structure, comprising a lamp cap provided on a bulb and a plug-in lamp holder provided on a power line, wherein a plug-in end of the plug-in lamp holder is provided with plug-in holes and raised barbs, and conductive tubes connected to a lead are provided in the plug-in holes; the plug-in end of the plug-in lamp cap is provided with conductive bars and barb holes, and the conductive bars are connected to a drive circuit board in the plug-in lamp cap. With the coupling structure of the present invention, the drive circuit board and the SR of the power line can be assembled and connected to each other quickly. The operation is easy, convenient and quick and does not require any tools.

[Assistant]
1. A plug-in bulb coupling structure, comprising a plug-in lamp cap ( 2 ) provided on a bulb ( 1 ) and a plug-in lamp holder ( 4 ) provided on a power line ( 3 ); wherein a plug-in end of the plug-in lamp holder ( 4 ) is provided with plug-in holes ( 43 ) and raised barbs ( 44 ), and conductive tubes ( 45 ) connected to a lead are provided in the plug-in holes ( 43 ); a plug-in end of the plug-in lamp cap ( 2 ) is provided with conductive bars ( 21 ) and barb slots ( 22 ), and the conductive bars ( 21 ) are connected to a drive circuit board ( 23 ) in the plug-in lamp cap ( 2 ); and during assembly, the conductive bars ( 21 ) are inserted into the plug-in holes ( 43 ) one-to-one and connected to the conductive tubes ( 45 ), and meanwhile, the raised barbs ( 44 ) are inserted into the barb slots ( 22 ) and fasten an inner wall of the barb slots ( 22 );
wherein the plug-in lamp holder ( 4 ) comprises an elastic soft holder body ( 41 ) and an inner rigid frame ( 42 ), the inner rigid frame ( 42 ) being mounted in a plug-in end of the soft holder body ( 41 ) and having the plug-in holes ( 43 ) and the raised barbs ( 44 ) provided thereon; and both ends of the conductive tubes ( 45 ) are arranged into the soft holder body ( 41 ) and into the plug-in holes ( 43 ) of the inner rigid frame ( 42 ), respectively.

2. The plug-in bulb coupling structure according to claim 1, wherein the plug-in holes ( 43 ) and the raised barbs ( 44 ) are one-stage injection molded with the inner rigid frame ( 42 ), and the inner rigid frame ( 42 ) and the conductive tubes ( 45 ) are two-stage injection molded with the soft holder body ( 41 ).

3. The plug-in bulb coupling structure according to claim 1, wherein a raised annular sealing skirt ( 46 ) is provided in the periphery of the plug-in end of the soft holder body ( 41 ), and during assembly, the annular sealing skirt ( 46 ) is connected to the plug-in lamp cap ( 2 ) in a clingy manner.

4. The plug-in bulb coupling structure according to claim 3, wherein the annular sealing skirt ( 46 ) is one-stage injection molded with the soft holder body ( 41 ).

5. The plug-in bulb coupling structure according to claim 1, wherein the soft holder body ( 41 ) and the annular sealing skirt ( 46 ) are injection molded from PVC soft plastic, and the inner rigid frame ( 42 ) and the raised barbs ( 44 ) are injection molded from PVC rigid plastic.

6. The plug-in bulb coupling structure according to claim 1, wherein the conductive tubes ( 45 ) are conductive copper tubes.


[System] You are an expert US patent attorney. Draft a set of independent and dependent claims based on the provided invention description. Use correct USPTO formatting.

[User]
Title: Photosensitive Module And Method For Forming The Same

Technical Field and Background:
1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a photosensitive module and methods for forming the same, and in particular to a photosensitive module with a sensing device formed by a wafer-level packaging process. 2. Description of the Related Art A camera module is usually fabricated by chip on board (COB) technology. For example, a die is directly attached onto a printed circuit board (PCB) by adhesive glue. The die is electrically connected to the PCB by wire bonding processes. Next, a lens and a holder are mounted on the PCB. However, it is necessary to press the die in order for it to be successfully attached to the PCB, using COB technology. As a result, it is difficult to reduce the thickness of the die. Otherwise, physical damage may be incurred. Furthermore, performing wire bonding processes to construct an electrically conductive path is necessary for the COB technology. The aforementioned fabrication process needs to be carried out in a clean environment, such as a clean room, to ensure the quality and yield of the camera module. Accordingly, the fabrication cost is high. Thus, there exists a need to develop a novel photosensitive module and methods for forming the same, capable of mitigating or eliminating the aforementioned problems.

Invention Disclosure:
A method for forming a photosensitive module is provided. The method includes providing a sensing device. The sensing device includes a conducting pad located on a substrate. A first opening penetrates the substrate and exposes the conducting pad. A redistribution layer is in the first opening to electrically connect to the conducting pad. A cover plate is located on the substrate and covers the conducting pad. The method also includes removing the cover plate of the sensing device. The method further includes bonding the sensing device to a circuit board after the removal of the cover plate. The redistribution layer in the first opening is exposed and faces the circuit board. In addition, the method includes mounting an optical component corresponding to the sensing device on the circuit board. A photosensitive module formed by the method is also provided.

[Assistant]
1. A method for forming a photosensitive module, comprising:
providing a sensing device, wherein the sensing device comprises:
a substrate;
a conducting pad on the substrate;
a first opening penetrating the substrate and exposing the conducting pad;
a second opening extending along a sidewall of the substrate and penetrating the substrate;
a redistribution layer in the first opening and electrically connected to the conducting pad; and
a cover plate on the substrate and covering the conducting pad;
removing the cover plate of the sensing device;
bonding the sensing device to a circuit board after the removal of the cover plate, wherein the redistribution layer in the first opening is exposed and faces the circuit board; and
mounting an optical component on the circuit board, wherein the optical component corresponds to the sensing device.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensing device further comprises a spacer layer between the cover plate and the substrate and covering the conducting pad, and wherein the spacer layer is exposed after the removal of the cover plate.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensing device further comprises a spacer layer between the cover plate and the substrate and covering the conducting pad, and wherein the method further comprises removing the spacer layer and exposing the conducting pad before bonding the sensing device to the circuit board.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensing device is bonded to the circuit board through a conducting structure, and the conducting structure is electrically connected to the redistribution layer.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the conducting structure is formed on the circuit board before bonding the sensing device to the circuit board.

6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the conducting structure is adhesive, and the method further comprises performing a reflow process before bonding the sensing device to the circuit board.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a method for forming the sensing device comprises dicing the cover plate along the second opening.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first opening is connected to the second opening.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical component comprises a space, and the first opening and/or the second opening are connected to the space.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the redistribution layer has an end located within the first opening.

11. A photosensitive module, comprising:
a sensing device bonded onto a circuit board, wherein the sensing device comprises:
a substrate;
a conducting pad on the substrate;
a first opening penetrating the substrate and exposing the conducting pad;
a second opening extending along a sidewall of the substrate and penetrating the substrate; and
a redistribution layer in the first opening and electrically connected to the conducting pad, wherein the redistribution layer in the first opening is exposed and faces the circuit board; and
an optical component corresponding to the sensing device and mounted on the circuit board.

12. The photosensitive module as claimed in claim 11, wherein the sensing device further comprises a spacer layer, and the spacer layer is between the optical component and the substrate and covers the conducting pad.

13. The photosensitive module as claimed in claim 11, wherein the conducting pad of the sensing device is exposed and faces the optical component.

14. The photosensitive module as claimed in claim 11, wherein the sensing device is bonded to the circuit board through a conducting structure, and the conducting structure is electrically connected to the redistribution layer.

15. The photosensitive module as claimed in claim 14, wherein the conducting structure is adhesive.

16. The photosensitive module as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first opening is connected to the second opening.

17. The photosensitive module as claimed in claim 11, wherein the optical component comprises a space, and the first opening and/or the second opening are connected to the space.

18. The photosensitive module as claimed in claim 11, wherein the redistribution layer has an end located within the first opening.