weijiezz/mmbench_en_dev_split_test · Datasets at Hugging Face

index int64 2 3M	question stringclasses 377 values	hint stringclasses 97 values	answer stringclasses 4 values	A stringlengths 1 460	B stringlengths 1 460	C stringlengths 1 460	D stringlengths 1 460	category stringclasses 20 values	source stringclasses 563 values	L2-category stringclasses 6 values	comment stringclasses 177 values	split stringclasses 1 value
1,001,931	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	C	An artist is creating a sculpture in a workshop, chiseling or casting materials to form a three-dimensional work of art.	A man is fishing on a riverbank, casting his line and waiting patiently for a bite while enjoying the tranquility of nature.	A little boy and a little girl are leaning on a tree branch reading a book.	A family is gardening in their backyard, planting seeds, pulling weeds, and nurturing plants while cultivating a sense of pride and accomplishment.	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
1,001,564	The object shown in this figure:	nan	D	Can be produced in both powder and nanoparticle forms	Is a white solid that is commonly used as a pigment and sunscreen ingredient	Has a high melting point of around 1,843°C	All of these options are correct.	physical_property_reasoning	https://gimg2.baidu.com/image_search/src=http%3A%2F%2Fcbu01.alicdn.com%2Fimg%2Fibank%2F2020%2F487%2F879%2F18090978784_2082016289.jpg&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fcbu01.alicdn.com&app=2002&size=f9999,10000&q=a80&n=0&g=0n&fmt=auto?sec=1689837198&t=98bc4a671c9ce72518fc11ee5fb1896e	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
94	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	C	A cat that is laying down on a carpet.	A woman standing with a bag in a mirror.	A person dressed in costume, wearing a banana hat and a banana necklace.	Billboard on a commercial street corner in an oriental city	image_topic	description	coarse_perception	nan	dev
597	What is the color of the large shiny sphere?	nan	C	red	green	purple	cyan	attribute_recognition	Clevr	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	CLEVR_val_000000.png	dev
425	The United States has a federal system. Based on these definitions, which of these statements would most likely be made by a person who lives under a federal system?	Think about the name of the United States of America. As the name shows, the country has both a united national government and a collection of state governments. In the following questions, you will learn about the relationship between the national government and state governments. You will also learn about how state and local governments work. Many countries have both a national government and state governments. However, these countries divide power differently between the national and state governments. The table below describes three different systems for dividing power. Look at the table. Then answer the question below.	B	I only pay attention to state politics since the national government has almost no power.	Both my state and national government officials have power over important issues.	My national government officials decide most issues that come up.	nan	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	scienceqa	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
1,762	The area of which figure can be calculated using the formula in this picture?	nan	A	Trapezoid.	Ellipse.	Triangle.	Circle.	ocr	https://media.geeksforge…-05-05-copy.webp	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
2,000,545	What feeling is shown in this image?	nan	D	angry	supportive	engaged	lonely	image_emotion	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,319	what is the color of this object?	nan	D	purple	pink	gray	orange	attribute_recognition	https://upload.wikimedia…lved-segment.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
1,001,689	What's the function of the demonstrated object?	nan	B	refrigeration	Draw	cut	deposit	function_reasoning	https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=Ze%2byXy6S&id=608255225D617F00479AC8E0CB39795374CC2C5B&thid=OIP.Ze-yXy6SjxxHAQtC36Eb8AHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fth.bing.com%2fth%2fid%2fR.65efb25f2e928f1c47010b42dfa11bf0%3frik%3dWyzMdFN5OcvgyA%26riu%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fpic.ntimg.cn%252ffile%252f20190525%252f22289708_170442076089_2.jpg%26ehk%3dUS56fNsdICkfJgg7eLovOGcIPj9deILQergiuUa9qf0%253d%26risl%3d%26pid%3dImgRaw%26r%3d0&exph=1024&expw=1024&q=%e7%94%bb%e7%ac%94&simid=608049339625769371&FORM=IRPRST&ck=749AB76EAFA0EC6FD3E5BC9EFF8178FF&selectedIndex=31&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
435	Which of the following is a characteristic of tropical coral reefs?	A tropical coral reef is a type of ecosystem in the ocean. Tropical coral reefs are found in warm, shallow water near the equator. They have many large formations called corals. Corals may look like rocks or plants, but they are actually structures made up of living animals and can grow over time. Corals provide shelter for fish, crabs, eels, and many other organisms. These coral reef organisms are prey for larger animals, such as sea turtles, sharks, and dolphins. Most of these organisms need tropical coral reefs in order to survive and reproduce. Figure 1: a tropical coral reef. Figure 2: several types of corals.	C	They have many large rocks called corals.	They are usually found in the deep ocean.	They have warm, salty water.	nan	physical_property_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
72	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	D	A woman is cutting up a block of spam.	A man standing near the home plate swinging a bat	An older orange van is parked next to a modern mini van in front of a small shop.	A black kitten laying down next to two remote controls.	image_topic	description	coarse_perception	nan	dev
2,001,664	Which Python code can generate the content of the image?	nan	C	tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1990, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ) print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5]	tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1990, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ) print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[2:5]: ", tup2[1:5]	tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ) print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5]	tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ) print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[2:5]	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	https://www.runoob.com/python/python-tuples.html	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
1,000,568	This image is an example of which style?	nan	B	Baroque	vector art	comic	oil paint	image_style	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,001,745	What does this picture want to express?	nan	C	We are expected to work hard.	We are expected to care for green plants.	We are expected to care for the earth.	We are expected to stay positive.	ocr	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTGJbdrZS2MiJFmGIPLG6IYX-TGdkg4VGmUCQ&usqp=CAU	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
2,001,585	Which category does this image belong to?	nan	C	painting	map	remote sense image	photo	image_style	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRvPu3rp8hL9NVM-ZvMUUUduv0i4oVwsTn_Ew&usqp=CAU	coarse_perception	nan	dev
2,001,377	What's the profession of the people in this picture?	nan	A	carpenter	designer	baker	butcher	identity_reasoning	https://englishtivi.com/…07/Carpenter.png	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
183	Based on the image, what is the purpose of the umbrella the person is using while walking in the rain?	nan	C	To shield themselves from the sun.	To add a stylish accessory to their outfit.	To protect their clothes and belongings from getting wet.	To use as a walking stick.	function_reasoning	reasoning	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
1,021	What is the main event in this image?	nan	C	He will miss the game-winning shot	He will pass the ball to a teammate	He will shoot the game-winning shot	He will block a game-winning shot	future_prediction	Internet	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
503	Which can be the associated text with this image posted on twitter	nan	A	I painted a picture of sushi. It's a colorful and tasty scene.	look at this cute toy sushi set 🥹	St. Louis Sushi (ham wrapped around cream cheese and a pickle)	Perfect Sushi Cake with Fresh Salmon and Avocado A sushi cake is a unique twist on traditional sushi that is perfect for special occasions or a fun meal with friends and family. #SushiCake #salmonavocado #avocado #avocadotoast #cake #recipe #dinner #food #FoodieBeauty	image_style	socialmedia	coarse_perception	nan	dev
3,000,112	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	B	There are several pictures of a woman riding a horse at a competition.	A soccer player looks up at a soccer ball.	A cat is laying on top of a laptop computer.	A white and red bus is traveling down a road.	action_recognition	description	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
3,001,798	Which of the following captions best describes this image?	nan	A	A group of people dancing at a party	A singer performing on a microphone	A person playing a piano in a studio	A person playing a guitar on a stage	image_scene	https://previews.123rf.c…with-tousled.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,001,857	What direction is China in Mongolia?	nan	C	north	east	south	west	spatial_relationship	https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
1,000,848	What job is the person in the image most likely to do?	nan	B	farmer	police officer	nurse	fireman	identity_reasoning	Internet	attribute_reasoning	https://townsquare.media…5.jpg?w=980&q=75	dev
3,000,705	Extract text from the image	nan	D	Tara Sweets	Mara Treats	Laura Dee	Sara Lee	ocr	TextVQA test-split	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	1b32c573daac7982.jpg	dev
3,001,015	Which is right?	nan	C	The man is flying in the sea	The man is on the bottom of the image	The man is flying in the sky	The man is at the right of the image	physical_relation	COCO train2014	relation_reasoning	19.png	dev
3,001,919	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	D	A man is skydiving from an airplane, freefalling through the air before deploying his parachute and gliding safely to the ground.	A family is picnicking in a park, spreading out a blanket and sharing food and good conversation in the great outdoors.	A group of volunteers are cleaning up a beach, picking up trash and debris to protect marine life and preserve the environment.	Boys and girls are sheltering from the rain under the eaves, and the boy holds his bicycle in his hand and holds his backpack over his head for shelter	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
1,396	What's the profession of the people in this picture?	nan	C	driver	teacher	athlete	tailor	identity_reasoning	https://i0.wp.com/onlymy….png?w=964&ssl=1	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
1,000,151	Based on the image, what are some health benefits of eating a meal like the one described?	nan	C	The meal helps reduce blood pressure and prevent heart disease.	The meal provides a good source of protein for muscle growth and repair.	The meal supports a healthy immune system and proper digestion.	The meal is high in saturated fats, which can lead to cardiovascular issues.	function_reasoning	reasoning	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
2,001,323	what emotion does this emoji express?	nan	C	excited	angry	happy	sad	attribute_recognition	https://em-content.zobj.…g-eyes_1f601.png	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
2,000,635	Roughly how much of the picture is occupied by the cat in the picture?	nan	D	more than 50%	0.8	0.5	less than 40%	object_localization	COCO_test2015	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	000000001661.jpg	dev
1,000,236	Which continent is highlighted?	nan	A	Australia	Africa	North America	Europe	attribute_recognition	scienceqa	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
2,001,754	Which special day is associated with this poster?	nan	B	World Water Day.	Mother's Day	Earth Day.	National Reading Day.	ocr	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSa5g38-A_o2WyQditZiatKIsh43n4LT6yUHg&usqp=CAU	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
1,001,780	According to this picture, how old are Dennis.	nan	C	47	38	45	29	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	https://developer.mozill…umbers-table.png	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
1,493	How many bananas are there in the image?	nan	D	3	6	4	5	object_localization	https://farm3.staticflic…46b9459f39_z.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
440	Why might feeding offspring during mouthbrooding increase the reproductive success of a female blunthead cichlid? Complete the claim below that answers this question and is best supported by the passage. Feeding offspring during mouthbrooding increases the chances that ().	Animals often behave in certain ways that can increase their reproductive success. Read the passage about a specific animal behavior. Then, follow the instructions below. Blunthead cichlids (SIK-lids) are fish that live in Lake Tanganyika in Eastern Africa. After a female blunthead cichlid lays eggs, she holds the eggs in her mouth. Once they hatch, her young fish live in her mouth until they are old enough to survive on their own. This process, called mouthbrooding, takes about six weeks. While mouthbrooding, the female cichlid catches algae from the lake. But she does not swallow any. Instead, she feeds the algae to her offspring by holding it in her mouth for the offspring to eat. By eating the algae, the offspring grow larger and become faster swimmers that can escape predators more quickly. Figure: a blunthead cichlid.	B	the female will become weak and unhealthy	the female's offspring will survive	the female will hold more offspring in her mouth	nan	nature_relation	scienceqa	relation_reasoning	nan	dev
2,001,615	Which category does this image belong to?	nan	A	microscopic image	abstract painting	MRI image	icon	image_style	https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/retrieve.cfm?imageid=2129&dpi=300&fileformat=jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,657	Which Python code can generate the content of the image?	nan	A	list = ["Hello", "world", "Ok", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)	list = ["Hello", "world", "Ok"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)	list = ["Hello", "world", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)	list = ["world", "Ok", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/374461056	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
3,001,065	Can you identify the season in which the picture was taken?	nan	D	summer	fall	winter	spring	image_scene	https://static5.depositp…ms-plenitude.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,214	What will happen next?	nan	C	the truck is gonna turn left	the truck is gonna drive straight forward	the truck is gonna turn over	both A,B, and C	future_prediction	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6urQm7Prs28	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
3,000,605	What is the color of the small block that is the same material as the big brown thing?	nan	D	blue	yellow	cyan	gray	attribute_recognition	Clevr	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	CLEVR_val_000009.png	dev
438	Which of the following is a characteristic of tropical coral reefs?	A tropical coral reef is a type of ecosystem in the ocean. Tropical coral reefs are found in warm, shallow water near the equator. They have many large formations called corals. Corals may look like rocks or plants, but they are actually structures made up of living animals and can grow over time. Corals provide shelter for fish, crabs, eels, and many other organisms. These coral reef organisms are prey for larger animals, such as sea turtles, sharks, and dolphins. Most of these organisms need tropical coral reefs in order to survive and reproduce. Figure 1: a tropical coral reef. Figure 2: several types of corals.	A	They are used by many different organisms.	They are usually found in the deep ocean.	They have many large rocks called corals.	nan	function_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
1,000,391	What are rays?	Read the first part of the passage about rays. Rays are a kind of fish. But they do not look like other fish. Most rays are shaped like big, flat kites. Rays have great big fins that look like wings. The fins help rays swim. Rays look like birds flying in the water.	A	Rays are fish that are shaped like kites.	Rays are birds that swim in the water.	Rays are fish that do not have fins.	nan	physical_property_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
1,001,373	Which mood does this image convey?	nan	A	Angry	Sad	Anxious	Happy	image_emotion	https://media.istockphot…4ZoBBnw-FFh-ccI=	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,000,407	Based on the time line, when did people start playing polo?	This time line shows ancient sports that are still popular today. It gives each sport's likely place and date of origin.	A	before sumo wrestling	before surfing	nan	nan	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	scienceqa	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
134	Based on the image, how can fun and engaging toothbrush holders help children develop better dental health habits?	nan	B	They encourage children to take pictures in the bathroom mirror.	They make brushing teeth a more enjoyable and appealing activity for children.	They teach children how to properly hold toys and a giant toothbrush.	They provide children with unique and playful designs for their toothbrushes.	function_reasoning	reasoning	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
2,001,031	What is the transformation in this image?	nan	A	The ice will melt	The ice will turn into steam	The ice will freeze	The ice will remain solid	future_prediction	Internet	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
3,000,597	What is the color of the large shiny sphere?	nan	B	green	purple	cyan	red	attribute_recognition	Clevr	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	CLEVR_val_000000.png	dev
1,001,905	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	B	A woman is practicing her golf swing at a driving range, taking aim and hitting balls with precision and technique.	A little girl is carrying a baby on her back and holding a red umbrella to hide from the rain, and he is surrounded by a huge chinchilla that is also hiding from the rain.	A chef is cooking in a busy restaurant kitchen, chopping vegetables and seasoning meat while coordinating with the other cooks.	A group of coworkers are playing a game of basketball at lunchtime, dribbling and shooting hoops while enjoying some exercise and friendly competition.	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
1,000,183	Based on the image, what is the purpose of the umbrella the person is using while walking in the rain?	nan	D	To use as a walking stick.	To shield themselves from the sun.	To add a stylish accessory to their outfit.	To protect their clothes and belongings from getting wet.	function_reasoning	reasoning	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
3,001,573	Which category does this image belong to?	nan	D	sketch	digital art	photo	oil painting	image_style	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTeKFjsOvL3Px0B6cHAO0wCn4a5OvNW_DyfTg&usqp=CAU	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,384	What's the profession of the people in this picture?	nan	B	mason	nurse	hairdresser	judge	identity_reasoning	https://englishtivi.com/…7/Nurse.png.webp	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
2,000,609	There is a big metallic thing left of the tiny green object; what is its shape?	nan	A	sphere	cylinder	cube	nan	attribute_recognition	Clevr	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	CLEVR_val_000002.png	dev
3,000,174	Based on the image, how is the woman in the picture protecting herself from the rain?	nan	D	The woman is wearing a raincoat to protect herself from the rain.	The woman is standing under a roof to avoid the rain.	The woman is using a newspaper to cover her head from the rain.	The woman is holding a black umbrella to shield herself from the rain.	function_reasoning	reasoning	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
3,001,774	This picture shows the lesson plan for Mike. Can you tell me what time should Mike learn biology on Wednesday?	nan	C	11:30-12:30.	13:00-14:30.	14:45-16:15.	10:00-11:30.	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	https://hsdc-cdn.s3.eu-w…vel-1536x602.jpg	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
2,001,980	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	C	Parasitic relationships	Symbiotic relationship	Predatory relationships	Competitive relationships	nature_relation	https://th.bing.com/th/id/R.7cdab3780771098fbedcdc6798883e07?rik=UyOVb%2bw7U8f5BA&riu=http%3a%2f%2fimg.coozhi.com%2fupload%2f20200615%2f15t9r220u9m23p27cdab3780771098fbedcdc6798883e07.0x750x450.jpg&ehk=%2bTBTz%2fHtKH8eB6e6lfGmyuQej8W1HQnq9H8V3nDEiug%3d&risl=&pid=ImgRaw&r=0	relation_reasoning	nan	dev
2,000,651	In the picture, which direction is the baby facing?	nan	D	up	down	left	right	object_localization	COCO_test2015	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	000000004036.jpg	dev
1,229	What will happen next?	nan	A	they are gonna fall off the motorcycle	they are gonna keep driving forward	they are gonna drive backwards	both A,B, and C	future_prediction	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6urQm7Prs43	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
1,751	Which special day is associated with this poster?	nan	C	Earth Day.	National Reading Day.	World Water Day.	Mother's Day	ocr	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQvoMjXHzu84g50xKIJTJhUhQJ6wCwU_f5m1A&usqp=CAU	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
1,001,408	What's the profession of the people in this picture?	nan	C	pianist	photographer	dancer	repairman	identity_reasoning	https://englishgrammarhe…s-in-English.jpg	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
55	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	D	A man on a skateboard on a concrete lip.	Hand holding an electronic component with a clock on it.	Young woman lying face down on a large bed with a book.	A big billboard is painted onto the side of a brick building.	image_scene	description	coarse_perception	nan	dev
3,001,048	What type of environment is depicted in the picture?	nan	B	shopping mall	street	forest	home	image_scene	https://st4.depositphoto…lking-street.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev
944	What's the function of the demonstrated object?	nan	C	Providing entertainment such as movies and music	Offering a variety of food	Transportation of people and cargo.	Offering a variety of drink	function_reasoning	COCO train2014	attribute_reasoning	17.png	dev
1,109	In this sketch picture, are the two objects the same size and shape?	nan	B	same	Not the same	Can't judge	nan	attribute_comparison	https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=QKbyjnJi&id=094664BF21272F53A547ED6CB2D699915F4794F2&thid=OIP.QKbyjnJi_qFemqqqVF76VQHaE_&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.lucydraw.com%2Fdata%2Fupload%2Fueditor%2F20170518%2F591cfd7da0c15.jpg&exph=405&expw=600&q=%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e7%89%a9%e4%bd%93%e5%af%b9%e6%af%94%e5%9b%be&simid=608013214657031155&form=IRPRST&ck=CF8CCD55FD38B8F7FA2A3DAE444700D2&selectedindex=146&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0&vt=0&sim=11	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
2,001,181	What can be the relationship of these people in this image?	nan	D	Lovers	Classmates	Brothers and sisters	Colleagues	social_relation	https://media.istockphot…e8NjK7eE7FCZBTc=	relation_reasoning	nan	dev
1,609	Which category does this image belong to?	nan	A	MRI image	icon	microscopic image	abstract painting	image_style	https://www.frontiersin.…2-00274-g001.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,298	what is the shape of this object?	nan	C	oval	heart	star	Hexagon	attribute_recognition	https://media.istockphot…18tXUmU7sUDAH2c=	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
1,477	what is this?	nan	A	a covid test kit	a pregnancy test kit	a biopsy	a chemical tube	celebrity_recognition	https://www.india.com/wp…test-kit-AFP.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
3,001,888	What direction is DRC in Mozambique ?	nan	C	southwest	southeast	northwest	northeast	spatial_relationship	https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
935	What's the function of the demonstrated object?	nan	C	running	Play football	Play tennis	Play basketball	function_reasoning	COCO train2014	attribute_reasoning	8.png	dev
3,001,373	Which mood does this image convey?	nan	C	Anxious	Happy	Angry	Sad	image_emotion	https://media.istockphot…4ZoBBnw-FFh-ccI=	coarse_perception	nan	dev
3,001,657	Which Python code can generate the content of the image?	nan	D	list = ["Hello", "world", "Ok"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)	list = ["Hello", "world", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)	list = ["world", "Ok", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)	list = ["Hello", "world", "Ok", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/374461056	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
3,001,962	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	C	Competitive relationships	Parasitic relationships	Symbiotic relationship	Predatory relationships	nature_relation	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTfZu-c0CdmjjqYExsZGj910SKhjqUkj-uoPA&usqp=CAU	relation_reasoning	nan	dev
1,001,813	Which of the following captions best describes this image?	nan	B	A woman doing yoga in a park	A person swimming in a pool	A group of people sunbathing on a beach	A person skiing down a mountain	image_scene	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTbRMK2_kNGX8rZu494K58slFLn_Brg-58ayY3urvKcd7I-a6s_sEOesHpJSWXOxGnPyKk&usqp=CAU	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,000,602	What color is the matte ball that is the same size as the gray metal thing?	nan	D	cyan	red	green	yellow	attribute_recognition	Clevr	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	CLEVR_val_000005.png	dev
1,001,038	What is the transformation in this image?	nan	D	The water will condense	The water will freeze	The water will remain liquid	The water will evaporate	future_prediction	Internet	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
2,001,369	Which mood does this image convey?	nan	A	Cozy	Angry	Sad	Anxious	image_emotion	https://media.istockphot…ftvgPQfqj2xXU1M=	coarse_perception	nan	dev
3,001,904	What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?	nan	A	A man pushes another man in a wheelchair past the bridge with happy smiles on their faces	A chef is preparing a gourmet meal in a restaurant kitchen, chopping ingredients and adding seasonings to create a delicious masterpiece.	A family is swimming in a pool, splashing around and playing games together while enjoying the refreshing water.	A dancer is rehearsing at a studio, practicing pirouettes and leaps with grace and precision.	action_recognition	https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
1,001,058	What kind of weather is depicted in the picture?	nan	D	snowy	sunny	rainy	windy	image_scene	https://st3.depositphoto…ith-umbrella.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,139	What can be the relationship between the two persons in this image?	nan	D	Father and daughter	Mother and son	Brother and sister	Husband and wife	social_relation	https://media.istockphot…cGOMilK5f7U5PcA=	relation_reasoning	nan	dev
1,001,685	What's the function of the demonstrated object?	nan	B	copy	Write	compute	binding	function_reasoning	https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=32YzcWjq&id=C2EAF7A6EA25628799C0CD40FEAB81CFC708F692&thid=OIP.32YzcWjqdRmhuwE6c-QzfwHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fcbu01.alicdn.com%2fimg%2fibank%2f2017%2f167%2f394%2f4297493761_5932425.jpg&exph=1200&expw=1200&q=%e7%ac%94&simid=607988621687352864&FORM=IRPRST&ck=EE265424E4E35CA0103483025F1F1A3C&selectedIndex=0&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
1,001,522	which direction is the dog facing?	nan	C	right	up	down	left	object_localization	https://farm4.staticflic…f6a8a6b689_z.jpg	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
3,000,810	Which scene category matches this image the best?	nan	B	shoe_shop	clean_room	youth_hostel	japanese_garden	image_scene	scene/places365_val	coarse_perception	Places365_val_00000003.jpg	dev
1,000,205	Based on the description, how are the people in the image engaging with the game?	nan	B	The group of people is engaging with the game by playing a board game.	The group of people is physically engaging with the game by using Nintendo Wii controllers.	The group of people is physically engaging with the game by using traditional gaming controllers.	The group of people is engaging with the game by watching a screen passively.	function_reasoning	reasoning	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
2,000,802	Which image shows the highest colorfulness?	nan	B	down left	down right	upper left	upper right	image_quality	koniq10k	coarse_perception	4872116932_9434602286_8385499383_8040993311_2	dev
1,000,950	Which is the main topic of the image	nan	B	Juice and dessert	Coffee and dessert	Tea and dessert	Coffee and salad	image_topic	COCO train2014	coarse_perception	4.png	dev
3,000,767	Who is the person in this image?	nan	C	Steve Jobs	Donald Trump	Lionel Messi	Bill Gates	celebrity_recognition	Google	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
568	This image is an example of which style?	nan	A	vector art	comic	oil paint	Baroque	image_style	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,001,214	What will happen next?	nan	A	the truck is gonna turn over	the truck is gonna turn left	the truck is gonna drive straight forward	both A,B, and C	future_prediction	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6urQm7Prs28	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
2,000,523	What feeling is represented in this image?	nan	D	angry	supportive	engaged	disordered	image_emotion	Internet	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,001,851	What direction is Ukraine in the Black Sea?	nan	B	north	east	south	west	spatial_relationship	https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu	finegrained_perception (cross-instance)	nan	dev
1,001,088	is this place crowded?	nan	A	no	yes	nan	nan	image_scene	https://st2.depositphoto…ina-may-2021.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,564	The object shown in this figure:	nan	D	Is a white solid that is commonly used as a pigment and sunscreen ingredient	Has a high melting point of around 1,843°C	Can be produced in both powder and nanoparticle forms	All of these options are correct.	physical_property_reasoning	https://gimg2.baidu.com/image_search/src=http%3A%2F%2Fcbu01.alicdn.com%2Fimg%2Fibank%2F2020%2F487%2F879%2F18090978784_2082016289.jpg&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fcbu01.alicdn.com&app=2002&size=f9999,10000&q=a80&n=0&g=0n&fmt=auto?sec=1689837198&t=98bc4a671c9ce72518fc11ee5fb1896e	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
401	Based on the time line, which event happens after James Marshall discovers gold and before gold becomes harder to find?	This time line shows important events during the California Gold Rush.	A	Many people move to California.	Silver is discovered in Nevada.	nan	nan	structuralized_imagetext_understanding	scienceqa	logic_reasoning	nan	dev
1,000,767	Who is the person in this image?	nan	A	Lionel Messi	Bill Gates	Steve Jobs	Donald Trump	celebrity_recognition	Google	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
95	Which one is the correct caption of this image?	nan	A	A fork, apple, orange and onion sitting on a surface.	An old adobe mission with a clock tower stands behind a sparsely leaved tree.	A person holding a surfboard on a beach leaning to look at a second surfboard on the sand	Three horses pulling a cart with a man riding it	image_topic	description	coarse_perception	nan	dev
1,001,962	In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?	nan	A	Symbiotic relationship	Predatory relationships	Competitive relationships	Parasitic relationships	nature_relation	https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTfZu-c0CdmjjqYExsZGj910SKhjqUkj-uoPA&usqp=CAU	relation_reasoning	nan	dev
1,290	what is the shape of this object?	nan	D	circle	triangle	square	rectangle	attribute_recognition	https://dictionary.cambr…?version=5.0.325	finegrained_perception (instance-level)	nan	dev
1,382	What's the profession of the people in this picture?	nan	D	farmer	fireman	hairdresser	judge	identity_reasoning	https://englishtivi.com/…7/Judge.png.webp	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
1,000,313	Complete the text to describe the diagram. Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium.	The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a yellow ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles. The diagram shows how the solution can change over time during the process of diffusion.	B	to the left than to the right	to the right than to the left	nan	nan	physical_property_reasoning	scienceqa	attribute_reasoning	nan	dev
1,830	Which of the following captions best describes this image?	nan	B	A person painting a landscape on a canvas.	A group of people watching a play in a theater.	A woman sculpting a statue from clay.	A person taking photographs of a cityscape.	image_scene	https://farm3.staticflic…1_db0d7a1b4c.jpg	coarse_perception	nan	dev

1,001,931

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

C

An artist is creating a sculpture in a workshop, chiseling or casting materials to form a three-dimensional work of art.

A man is fishing on a riverbank, casting his line and waiting patiently for a bite while enjoying the tranquility of nature.

A little boy and a little girl are leaning on a tree branch reading a book.

A family is gardening in their backyard, planting seeds, pulling weeds, and nurturing plants while cultivating a sense of pride and accomplishment.

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

1,001,564

The object shown in this figure:

nan

D

Can be produced in both powder and nanoparticle forms

Is a white solid that is commonly used as a pigment and sunscreen ingredient

Has a high melting point of around 1,843°C

All of these options are correct.

physical_property_reasoning

https://gimg2.baidu.com/image_search/src=http%3A%2F%2Fcbu01.alicdn.com%2Fimg%2Fibank%2F2020%2F487%2F879%2F18090978784_2082016289.jpg&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fcbu01.alicdn.com&app=2002&size=f9999,10000&q=a80&n=0&g=0n&fmt=auto?sec=1689837198&t=98bc4a671c9ce72518fc11ee5fb1896e

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

94

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

C

A cat that is laying down on a carpet.

A woman standing with a bag in a mirror.

A person dressed in costume, wearing a banana hat and a banana necklace.

Billboard on a commercial street corner in an oriental city

image_topic

description

coarse_perception

nan

dev

597

What is the color of the large shiny sphere?

nan

C

red

green

purple

cyan

attribute_recognition

Clevr

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

CLEVR_val_000000.png

dev

425

The United States has a federal system. Based on these definitions, which of these statements would most likely be made by a person who lives under a federal system?

Think about the name of the United States of America. As the name shows, the country has both a united national government and a collection of state governments. In the following questions, you will learn about the relationship between the national government and state governments. You will also learn about how state and local governments work. Many countries have both a national government and state governments. However, these countries divide power differently between the national and state governments. The table below describes three different systems for dividing power. Look at the table. Then answer the question below.

B

I only pay attention to state politics since the national government has almost no power.

Both my state and national government officials have power over important issues.

My national government officials decide most issues that come up.

nan

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

scienceqa

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

1,762

The area of which figure can be calculated using the formula in this picture?

nan

A

Trapezoid.

Ellipse.

Triangle.

Circle.

ocr

https://media.geeksforge…-05-05-copy.webp

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

2,000,545

What feeling is shown in this image?

nan

D

angry

supportive

engaged

lonely

image_emotion

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,319

what is the color of this object?

nan

D

purple

pink

gray

orange

attribute_recognition

https://upload.wikimedia…lved-segment.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

1,001,689

What's the function of the demonstrated object?

nan

B

refrigeration

Draw

cut

deposit

function_reasoning

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=Ze%2byXy6S&id=608255225D617F00479AC8E0CB39795374CC2C5B&thid=OIP.Ze-yXy6SjxxHAQtC36Eb8AHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fth.bing.com%2fth%2fid%2fR.65efb25f2e928f1c47010b42dfa11bf0%3frik%3dWyzMdFN5OcvgyA%26riu%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fpic.ntimg.cn%252ffile%252f20190525%252f22289708_170442076089_2.jpg%26ehk%3dUS56fNsdICkfJgg7eLovOGcIPj9deILQergiuUa9qf0%253d%26risl%3d%26pid%3dImgRaw%26r%3d0&exph=1024&expw=1024&q=%e7%94%bb%e7%ac%94&simid=608049339625769371&FORM=IRPRST&ck=749AB76EAFA0EC6FD3E5BC9EFF8178FF&selectedIndex=31&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

435

Which of the following is a characteristic of tropical coral reefs?

A tropical coral reef is a type of ecosystem in the ocean. Tropical coral reefs are found in warm, shallow water near the equator. They have many large formations called corals. Corals may look like rocks or plants, but they are actually structures made up of living animals and can grow over time. Corals provide shelter for fish, crabs, eels, and many other organisms. These coral reef organisms are prey for larger animals, such as sea turtles, sharks, and dolphins. Most of these organisms need tropical coral reefs in order to survive and reproduce. Figure 1: a tropical coral reef. Figure 2: several types of corals.

C

They have many large rocks called corals.

They are usually found in the deep ocean.

They have warm, salty water.

nan

physical_property_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

72

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

D

A woman is cutting up a block of spam.

A man standing near the home plate swinging a bat

An older orange van is parked next to a modern mini van in front of a small shop.

A black kitten laying down next to two remote controls.

image_topic

description

coarse_perception

nan

dev

2,001,664

Which Python code can generate the content of the image?

nan

C

tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1990, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ) print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5]

tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1990, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ) print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[2:5]: ", tup2[1:5]

tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ) print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5]

tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ) print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[2:5]

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

https://www.runoob.com/python/python-tuples.html

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

1,000,568

This image is an example of which style?

nan

B

Baroque

vector art

comic

oil paint

image_style

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,001,745

What does this picture want to express?

nan

C

We are expected to work hard.

We are expected to care for green plants.

We are expected to care for the earth.

We are expected to stay positive.

ocr

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTGJbdrZS2MiJFmGIPLG6IYX-TGdkg4VGmUCQ&usqp=CAU

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

2,001,585

Which category does this image belong to?

nan

C

painting

map

remote sense image

photo

image_style

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRvPu3rp8hL9NVM-ZvMUUUduv0i4oVwsTn_Ew&usqp=CAU

coarse_perception

nan

dev

2,001,377

What's the profession of the people in this picture?

nan

A

carpenter

designer

baker

butcher

identity_reasoning

https://englishtivi.com/…07/Carpenter.png

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

183

Based on the image, what is the purpose of the umbrella the person is using while walking in the rain?

nan

C

To shield themselves from the sun.

To add a stylish accessory to their outfit.

To protect their clothes and belongings from getting wet.

To use as a walking stick.

function_reasoning

reasoning

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

1,021

What is the main event in this image?

nan

C

He will miss the game-winning shot

He will pass the ball to a teammate

He will shoot the game-winning shot

He will block a game-winning shot

future_prediction

Internet

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

503

Which can be the associated text with this image posted on twitter

nan

A

I painted a picture of sushi. It's a colorful and tasty scene.

look at this cute toy sushi set 🥹

St. Louis Sushi (ham wrapped around cream cheese and a pickle)

Perfect Sushi Cake with Fresh Salmon and Avocado A sushi cake is a unique twist on traditional sushi that is perfect for special occasions or a fun meal with friends and family. #SushiCake #salmonavocado #avocado #avocadotoast #cake #recipe #dinner #food #FoodieBeauty

image_style

socialmedia

coarse_perception

nan

dev

3,000,112

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

B

There are several pictures of a woman riding a horse at a competition.

A soccer player looks up at a soccer ball.

A cat is laying on top of a laptop computer.

A white and red bus is traveling down a road.

action_recognition

description

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

3,001,798

Which of the following captions best describes this image?

nan

A

A group of people dancing at a party

A singer performing on a microphone

A person playing a piano in a studio

A person playing a guitar on a stage

image_scene

https://previews.123rf.c…with-tousled.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,001,857

What direction is China in Mongolia?

nan

C

north

east

south

west

spatial_relationship

https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

1,000,848

What job is the person in the image most likely to do?

nan

B

farmer

police officer

nurse

fireman

identity_reasoning

Internet

attribute_reasoning

https://townsquare.media…5.jpg?w=980&q=75

dev

3,000,705

Extract text from the image

nan

D

Tara Sweets

Mara Treats

Laura Dee

Sara Lee

ocr

TextVQA test-split

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

1b32c573daac7982.jpg

dev

3,001,015

Which is right?

nan

C

The man is flying in the sea

The man is on the bottom of the image

The man is flying in the sky

The man is at the right of the image

physical_relation

COCO train2014

relation_reasoning

19.png

dev

3,001,919

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

D

A man is skydiving from an airplane, freefalling through the air before deploying his parachute and gliding safely to the ground.

A family is picnicking in a park, spreading out a blanket and sharing food and good conversation in the great outdoors.

A group of volunteers are cleaning up a beach, picking up trash and debris to protect marine life and preserve the environment.

Boys and girls are sheltering from the rain under the eaves, and the boy holds his bicycle in his hand and holds his backpack over his head for shelter

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

1,396

What's the profession of the people in this picture?

nan

C

driver

teacher

athlete

tailor

identity_reasoning

https://i0.wp.com/onlymy….png?w=964&ssl=1

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

1,000,151

Based on the image, what are some health benefits of eating a meal like the one described?

nan

C

The meal helps reduce blood pressure and prevent heart disease.

The meal provides a good source of protein for muscle growth and repair.

The meal supports a healthy immune system and proper digestion.

The meal is high in saturated fats, which can lead to cardiovascular issues.

function_reasoning

reasoning

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

2,001,323

what emotion does this emoji express?

nan

C

excited

angry

happy

sad

attribute_recognition

https://em-content.zobj.…g-eyes_1f601.png

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

2,000,635

Roughly how much of the picture is occupied by the cat in the picture?

nan

D

more than 50%

0.8

0.5

less than 40%

object_localization

COCO_test2015

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

000000001661.jpg

dev

1,000,236

Which continent is highlighted?

nan

A

Australia

Africa

North America

Europe

attribute_recognition

scienceqa

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

2,001,754

Which special day is associated with this poster?

nan

B

World Water Day.

Mother's Day

Earth Day.

National Reading Day.

ocr

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSa5g38-A_o2WyQditZiatKIsh43n4LT6yUHg&usqp=CAU

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

1,001,780

According to this picture, how old are Dennis.

nan

C

47

38

45

29

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

https://developer.mozill…umbers-table.png

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

1,493

How many bananas are there in the image?

nan

D

3

6

4

5

object_localization

https://farm3.staticflic…46b9459f39_z.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

440

Why might feeding offspring during mouthbrooding increase the reproductive success of a female blunthead cichlid? Complete the claim below that answers this question and is best supported by the passage. Feeding offspring during mouthbrooding increases the chances that ().

Animals often behave in certain ways that can increase their reproductive success. Read the passage about a specific animal behavior. Then, follow the instructions below. Blunthead cichlids (SIK-lids) are fish that live in Lake Tanganyika in Eastern Africa. After a female blunthead cichlid lays eggs, she holds the eggs in her mouth. Once they hatch, her young fish live in her mouth until they are old enough to survive on their own. This process, called mouthbrooding, takes about six weeks. While mouthbrooding, the female cichlid catches algae from the lake. But she does not swallow any. Instead, she feeds the algae to her offspring by holding it in her mouth for the offspring to eat. By eating the algae, the offspring grow larger and become faster swimmers that can escape predators more quickly. Figure: a blunthead cichlid.

B

the female will become weak and unhealthy

the female's offspring will survive

the female will hold more offspring in her mouth

nan

nature_relation

scienceqa

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

2,001,615

Which category does this image belong to?

nan

A

microscopic image

abstract painting

MRI image

icon

image_style

https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/retrieve.cfm?imageid=2129&dpi=300&fileformat=jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,657

Which Python code can generate the content of the image?

nan

A

list = ["Hello", "world", "Ok", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)

list = ["Hello", "world", "Ok"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)

list = ["Hello", "world", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)

list = ["world", "Ok", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/374461056

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

3,001,065

Can you identify the season in which the picture was taken?

nan

D

summer

fall

winter

spring

image_scene

https://static5.depositp…ms-plenitude.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,214

What will happen next?

nan

C

the truck is gonna turn left

the truck is gonna drive straight forward

the truck is gonna turn over

both A,B, and C

future_prediction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6urQm7Prs28

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

3,000,605

What is the color of the small block that is the same material as the big brown thing?

nan

D

blue

yellow

cyan

gray

attribute_recognition

Clevr

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

CLEVR_val_000009.png

dev

438

Which of the following is a characteristic of tropical coral reefs?

A tropical coral reef is a type of ecosystem in the ocean. Tropical coral reefs are found in warm, shallow water near the equator. They have many large formations called corals. Corals may look like rocks or plants, but they are actually structures made up of living animals and can grow over time. Corals provide shelter for fish, crabs, eels, and many other organisms. These coral reef organisms are prey for larger animals, such as sea turtles, sharks, and dolphins. Most of these organisms need tropical coral reefs in order to survive and reproduce. Figure 1: a tropical coral reef. Figure 2: several types of corals.

A

They are used by many different organisms.

They are usually found in the deep ocean.

They have many large rocks called corals.

nan

function_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

1,000,391

What are rays?

Read the first part of the passage about rays. Rays are a kind of fish. But they do not look like other fish. Most rays are shaped like big, flat kites. Rays have great big fins that look like wings. The fins help rays swim. Rays look like birds flying in the water.

A

Rays are fish that are shaped like kites.

Rays are birds that swim in the water.

Rays are fish that do not have fins.

nan

physical_property_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

1,001,373

Which mood does this image convey?

nan

A

Angry

Sad

Anxious

Happy

image_emotion

https://media.istockphot…4ZoBBnw-FFh-ccI=

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,000,407

Based on the time line, when did people start playing polo?

This time line shows ancient sports that are still popular today. It gives each sport's likely place and date of origin.

A

before sumo wrestling

before surfing

nan

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

scienceqa

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

134

Based on the image, how can fun and engaging toothbrush holders help children develop better dental health habits?

nan

B

They encourage children to take pictures in the bathroom mirror.

They make brushing teeth a more enjoyable and appealing activity for children.

They teach children how to properly hold toys and a giant toothbrush.

They provide children with unique and playful designs for their toothbrushes.

function_reasoning

reasoning

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

2,001,031

What is the transformation in this image?

nan

A

The ice will melt

The ice will turn into steam

The ice will freeze

The ice will remain solid

future_prediction

Internet

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

3,000,597

What is the color of the large shiny sphere?

nan

B

green

purple

cyan

red

attribute_recognition

Clevr

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

CLEVR_val_000000.png

dev

1,001,905

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

B

A woman is practicing her golf swing at a driving range, taking aim and hitting balls with precision and technique.

A little girl is carrying a baby on her back and holding a red umbrella to hide from the rain, and he is surrounded by a huge chinchilla that is also hiding from the rain.

A chef is cooking in a busy restaurant kitchen, chopping vegetables and seasoning meat while coordinating with the other cooks.

A group of coworkers are playing a game of basketball at lunchtime, dribbling and shooting hoops while enjoying some exercise and friendly competition.

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

1,000,183

Based on the image, what is the purpose of the umbrella the person is using while walking in the rain?

nan

D

To use as a walking stick.

To shield themselves from the sun.

To add a stylish accessory to their outfit.

To protect their clothes and belongings from getting wet.

function_reasoning

reasoning

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

3,001,573

Which category does this image belong to?

nan

D

sketch

digital art

photo

oil painting

image_style

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTeKFjsOvL3Px0B6cHAO0wCn4a5OvNW_DyfTg&usqp=CAU

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,384

What's the profession of the people in this picture?

nan

B

mason

nurse

hairdresser

judge

identity_reasoning

https://englishtivi.com/…7/Nurse.png.webp

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

2,000,609

There is a big metallic thing left of the tiny green object; what is its shape?

nan

A

sphere

cylinder

cube

nan

attribute_recognition

Clevr

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

CLEVR_val_000002.png

dev

3,000,174

Based on the image, how is the woman in the picture protecting herself from the rain?

nan

D

The woman is wearing a raincoat to protect herself from the rain.

The woman is standing under a roof to avoid the rain.

The woman is using a newspaper to cover her head from the rain.

The woman is holding a black umbrella to shield herself from the rain.

function_reasoning

reasoning

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

3,001,774

This picture shows the lesson plan for Mike. Can you tell me what time should Mike learn biology on Wednesday?

nan

C

11:30-12:30.

13:00-14:30.

14:45-16:15.

10:00-11:30.

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

https://hsdc-cdn.s3.eu-w…vel-1536x602.jpg

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

2,001,980

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

C

Parasitic relationships

Symbiotic relationship

Predatory relationships

Competitive relationships

nature_relation

https://th.bing.com/th/id/R.7cdab3780771098fbedcdc6798883e07?rik=UyOVb%2bw7U8f5BA&riu=http%3a%2f%2fimg.coozhi.com%2fupload%2f20200615%2f15t9r220u9m23p27cdab3780771098fbedcdc6798883e07.0x750x450.jpg&ehk=%2bTBTz%2fHtKH8eB6e6lfGmyuQej8W1HQnq9H8V3nDEiug%3d&risl=&pid=ImgRaw&r=0

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

2,000,651

In the picture, which direction is the baby facing?

nan

D

up

down

left

right

object_localization

COCO_test2015

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

000000004036.jpg

dev

1,229

What will happen next?

nan

A

they are gonna fall off the motorcycle

they are gonna keep driving forward

they are gonna drive backwards

both A,B, and C

future_prediction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6urQm7Prs43

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

1,751

Which special day is associated with this poster?

nan

C

Earth Day.

National Reading Day.

World Water Day.

Mother's Day

ocr

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQvoMjXHzu84g50xKIJTJhUhQJ6wCwU_f5m1A&usqp=CAU

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

1,001,408

What's the profession of the people in this picture?

nan

C

pianist

photographer

dancer

repairman

identity_reasoning

https://englishgrammarhe…s-in-English.jpg

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

55

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

D

A man on a skateboard on a concrete lip.

Hand holding an electronic component with a clock on it.

Young woman lying face down on a large bed with a book.

A big billboard is painted onto the side of a brick building.

image_scene

description

coarse_perception

nan

dev

3,001,048

What type of environment is depicted in the picture?

nan

B

shopping mall

street

forest

home

image_scene

https://st4.depositphoto…lking-street.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

944

What's the function of the demonstrated object?

nan

C

Providing entertainment such as movies and music

Offering a variety of food

Transportation of people and cargo.

Offering a variety of drink

function_reasoning

COCO train2014

attribute_reasoning

17.png

dev

1,109

In this sketch picture, are the two objects the same size and shape?

nan

B

same

Not the same

Can't judge

nan

attribute_comparison

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=QKbyjnJi&id=094664BF21272F53A547ED6CB2D699915F4794F2&thid=OIP.QKbyjnJi_qFemqqqVF76VQHaE_&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.lucydraw.com%2Fdata%2Fupload%2Fueditor%2F20170518%2F591cfd7da0c15.jpg&exph=405&expw=600&q=%e4%b8%a4%e4%b8%aa%e7%89%a9%e4%bd%93%e5%af%b9%e6%af%94%e5%9b%be&simid=608013214657031155&form=IRPRST&ck=CF8CCD55FD38B8F7FA2A3DAE444700D2&selectedindex=146&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0&vt=0&sim=11

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

2,001,181

What can be the relationship of these people in this image?

nan

D

Lovers

Classmates

Brothers and sisters

Colleagues

social_relation

https://media.istockphot…e8NjK7eE7FCZBTc=

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

1,609

Which category does this image belong to?

nan

A

MRI image

icon

microscopic image

abstract painting

image_style

https://www.frontiersin.…2-00274-g001.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,298

what is the shape of this object?

nan

C

oval

heart

star

Hexagon

attribute_recognition

https://media.istockphot…18tXUmU7sUDAH2c=

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

1,477

what is this?

nan

A

a covid test kit

a pregnancy test kit

a biopsy

a chemical tube

celebrity_recognition

https://www.india.com/wp…test-kit-AFP.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

3,001,888

What direction is DRC in Mozambique ?

nan

C

southwest

southeast

northwest

northeast

spatial_relationship

https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

935

What's the function of the demonstrated object?

nan

C

running

Play football

Play tennis

Play basketball

function_reasoning

COCO train2014

attribute_reasoning

8.png

dev

3,001,373

Which mood does this image convey?

nan

C

Anxious

Happy

Angry

Sad

image_emotion

https://media.istockphot…4ZoBBnw-FFh-ccI=

coarse_perception

nan

dev

3,001,657

Which Python code can generate the content of the image?

nan

D

list = ["Hello", "world", "Ok"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)

list = ["Hello", "world", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)

list = ["world", "Ok", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)

list = ["Hello", "world", "Ok", "Bye!"] combined_string = " ".join(list) print(combined_string)

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/374461056

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

3,001,962

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

C

Competitive relationships

Parasitic relationships

Symbiotic relationship

Predatory relationships

nature_relation

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTfZu-c0CdmjjqYExsZGj910SKhjqUkj-uoPA&usqp=CAU

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

1,001,813

Which of the following captions best describes this image?

nan

B

A woman doing yoga in a park

A person swimming in a pool

A group of people sunbathing on a beach

A person skiing down a mountain

image_scene

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTbRMK2_kNGX8rZu494K58slFLn_Brg-58ayY3urvKcd7I-a6s_sEOesHpJSWXOxGnPyKk&usqp=CAU

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,000,602

What color is the matte ball that is the same size as the gray metal thing?

nan

D

cyan

red

green

yellow

attribute_recognition

Clevr

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

CLEVR_val_000005.png

dev

1,001,038

What is the transformation in this image?

nan

D

The water will condense

The water will freeze

The water will remain liquid

The water will evaporate

future_prediction

Internet

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

2,001,369

Which mood does this image convey?

nan

A

Cozy

Angry

Sad

Anxious

image_emotion

https://media.istockphot…ftvgPQfqj2xXU1M=

coarse_perception

nan

dev

3,001,904

What kind of human behavior does this picture describe?

nan

A

A man pushes another man in a wheelchair past the bridge with happy smiles on their faces

A chef is preparing a gourmet meal in a restaurant kitchen, chopping ingredients and adding seasonings to create a delicious masterpiece.

A family is swimming in a pool, splashing around and playing games together while enjoying the refreshing water.

A dancer is rehearsing at a studio, practicing pirouettes and leaps with grace and precision.

action_recognition

https://www.zhihu.com/question/36417524

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

1,001,058

What kind of weather is depicted in the picture?

nan

D

snowy

sunny

rainy

windy

image_scene

https://st3.depositphoto…ith-umbrella.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,139

What can be the relationship between the two persons in this image?

nan

D

Father and daughter

Mother and son

Brother and sister

Husband and wife

social_relation

https://media.istockphot…cGOMilK5f7U5PcA=

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

1,001,685

What's the function of the demonstrated object?

nan

B

copy

Write

compute

binding

function_reasoning

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=32YzcWjq&id=C2EAF7A6EA25628799C0CD40FEAB81CFC708F692&thid=OIP.32YzcWjqdRmhuwE6c-QzfwHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fcbu01.alicdn.com%2fimg%2fibank%2f2017%2f167%2f394%2f4297493761_5932425.jpg&exph=1200&expw=1200&q=%e7%ac%94&simid=607988621687352864&FORM=IRPRST&ck=EE265424E4E35CA0103483025F1F1A3C&selectedIndex=0&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

1,001,522

which direction is the dog facing?

nan

C

right

up

down

left

object_localization

https://farm4.staticflic…f6a8a6b689_z.jpg

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

3,000,810

Which scene category matches this image the best?

nan

B

shoe_shop

clean_room

youth_hostel

japanese_garden

image_scene

scene/places365_val

coarse_perception

Places365_val_00000003.jpg

dev

1,000,205

Based on the description, how are the people in the image engaging with the game?

nan

B

The group of people is engaging with the game by playing a board game.

The group of people is physically engaging with the game by using Nintendo Wii controllers.

The group of people is physically engaging with the game by using traditional gaming controllers.

The group of people is engaging with the game by watching a screen passively.

function_reasoning

reasoning

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

2,000,802

Which image shows the highest colorfulness?

nan

B

down left

down right

upper left

upper right

image_quality

koniq10k

coarse_perception

4872116932_9434602286_8385499383_8040993311_2

dev

1,000,950

Which is the main topic of the image

nan

B

Juice and dessert

Coffee and dessert

Tea and dessert

Coffee and salad

image_topic

COCO train2014

coarse_perception

4.png

dev

3,000,767

Who is the person in this image?

nan

C

Steve Jobs

Donald Trump

Lionel Messi

Bill Gates

celebrity_recognition

Google

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

568

This image is an example of which style?

nan

A

vector art

comic

oil paint

Baroque

image_style

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,001,214

What will happen next?

nan

A

the truck is gonna turn over

the truck is gonna turn left

the truck is gonna drive straight forward

both A,B, and C

future_prediction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6urQm7Prs28

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

2,000,523

What feeling is represented in this image?

nan

D

angry

supportive

engaged

disordered

image_emotion

Internet

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,001,851

What direction is Ukraine in the Black Sea?

nan

B

north

east

south

west

spatial_relationship

https://www.google.com/maps/@44.3563054,26.1089918,4z?entry=ttu

finegrained_perception (cross-instance)

nan

dev

1,001,088

is this place crowded?

nan

A

no

yes

nan

image_scene

https://st2.depositphoto…ina-may-2021.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,564

The object shown in this figure:

nan

D

Is a white solid that is commonly used as a pigment and sunscreen ingredient

Has a high melting point of around 1,843°C

Can be produced in both powder and nanoparticle forms

All of these options are correct.

physical_property_reasoning

https://gimg2.baidu.com/image_search/src=http%3A%2F%2Fcbu01.alicdn.com%2Fimg%2Fibank%2F2020%2F487%2F879%2F18090978784_2082016289.jpg&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fcbu01.alicdn.com&app=2002&size=f9999,10000&q=a80&n=0&g=0n&fmt=auto?sec=1689837198&t=98bc4a671c9ce72518fc11ee5fb1896e

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

401

Based on the time line, which event happens after James Marshall discovers gold and before gold becomes harder to find?

This time line shows important events during the California Gold Rush.

A

Many people move to California.

Silver is discovered in Nevada.

nan

structuralized_imagetext_understanding

scienceqa

logic_reasoning

nan

dev

1,000,767

Who is the person in this image?

nan

A

Lionel Messi

Bill Gates

Steve Jobs

Donald Trump

celebrity_recognition

Google

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

95

Which one is the correct caption of this image?

nan

A

A fork, apple, orange and onion sitting on a surface.

An old adobe mission with a clock tower stands behind a sparsely leaved tree.

A person holding a surfboard on a beach leaning to look at a second surfboard on the sand

Three horses pulling a cart with a man riding it

image_topic

description

coarse_perception

nan

dev

1,001,962

In nature, what's the relationship between these two creatures?

nan

A

Symbiotic relationship

Predatory relationships

Competitive relationships

Parasitic relationships

nature_relation

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTfZu-c0CdmjjqYExsZGj910SKhjqUkj-uoPA&usqp=CAU

relation_reasoning

nan

dev

1,290

what is the shape of this object?

nan

D

circle

triangle

square

rectangle

attribute_recognition

https://dictionary.cambr…?version=5.0.325

finegrained_perception (instance-level)

nan

dev

1,382

What's the profession of the people in this picture?

nan

D

farmer

fireman

hairdresser

judge

identity_reasoning

https://englishtivi.com/…7/Judge.png.webp

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

1,000,313

Complete the text to describe the diagram. Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium.

The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a yellow ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles. The diagram shows how the solution can change over time during the process of diffusion.

B

to the left than to the right

to the right than to the left

nan

physical_property_reasoning

scienceqa

attribute_reasoning

nan

dev

1,830

Which of the following captions best describes this image?

nan

B

A person painting a landscape on a canvas.

A group of people watching a play in a theater.

A woman sculpting a statue from clay.

A person taking photographs of a cityscape.

image_scene

https://farm3.staticflic…1_db0d7a1b4c.jpg

coarse_perception

nan

dev