Control Parties Ontology
type: Ontology
abstract: This ontology defines concepts relating to types of controlling parties. The concepts defined here are party in role concepts, which define the nature of some entity such as an organization or a legal person, in some role such as that of owning a controlling interest in the entity or of controlling that entity. These roles are defined in terms of the types of control enjoyed by the party, for example de facto or de jure control. An important feature of this ontology is the distinction between the holding of a controlling interest (such as voting shares), and the de facto existence of control of one body by another as asserted in company filings or as a conclusion drawn from computational analysis of controlling interests.
license: http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
imports: LegalPersons
imports: OwnershipParties
imports: Contracts
imports: LegalCore
imports: FormalOrganizations
imports: Organizations
imports: Control
imports: Parties
imports: Roles
imports: Relations
imports: AnnotationVocabulary
version IRI: ControlParties
change note: The https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/BE/20131101/OwnershipAndControl/ControlParties.rdf version of this ontology was modified per the issue resolutions identified in the FIBO BE 1.0 FTF report.
change note: The https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/BE/20160201/OwnershipAndControl/ControlParties.rdf version of this ontology was modified per the FIBO 2.0 RFC to add missing labels and definitions, eliminate references to BusinessFacingTypes, etc.
change note: The https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/BE/20180801/OwnershipAndControl/ControlParties.rdf version of this ontology was modified as a part of a simplification strategy for the organizational class hierarchy and to correct reasoning anomalies.
change note: The https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/BE/20190101/OwnershipAndControl/ControlParties.rdf version of this ontology was modified to eliminate duplication of concepts with LCC.
change note: The https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/BE/20200201/OwnershipAndControl/ControlParties.rdf version of this ontology was modified to integrate the concept of a situation, situational roles, and corresponding relations with the definition of control and eliminate an unused and logically inconsistent property.
change note: The https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/BE/20200601/OwnershipAndControl/ControlParties.rdf version of the ontology was modified to simplify control concepts and relations, eliminate ambiguity in definitions, restate definitions to be ISO 704 compliant, and add properties relating control parties to control situations.
change note: The https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/BE/20201201/OwnershipAndControl/ControlParties.rdf version of the ontology was modified to correct the label on hasControllingOrganizationMember and reflect the move of OrganizationMember from Parties to Organizations in FND, and to incorporate the latest insights into how control relations should integrate with the control situation.
change note: The https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/ontology/BE/20210401/OwnershipAndControl/ControlParties.rdf version of the ontology was modified to use the Commons Ontology Library (Commons) Annotation Vocabulary rather than the OMG's Specification Metadata vocabulary.
has maturity level: Release
copyright: Copyright (c) 2013-2023 EDM Council, Inc.
copyright: Copyright (c) 2013-2023 Object Management Group, Inc.

contractual control
type: Class
subclass of: DeJureControl
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isConferredBy
  some values from: Contract
definition: control established through the terms of some contract

controlled party
type: Class
subclass of: ControlledThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentity
  on class: IndependentParty
  qualified cardinality: 1
definition: person or organization over which some party exercises some form of authority or influence with respect to some situation

controlling alliance
type: Class
subclass of: Group
definition: group that has formed some alliance to jointly exercise control over some entity
editorial note: The types of entity which may enter into such an alliance are the same types of entity as may exercise control in their own right, i.e. independent parties (that is a logical union of natural persons, legal persons and formal organizations).

court appointed control
type: Class
subclass of: DeJureControl
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isConferredBy
  all values from: CourtOfLaw
definition: control conferred by the actions of some court, for example in the context of receivership

de facto controlling interest party
type: Class
subclass of: ControllingParty
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isControllingPartyIn
  some values from: DeFactoControl
definition: party that exercises some control over an entity other than via explicit, legal means
example: a silent partner, i.e. where someone has made a large investment, which is bilateral (not part of the constitutional framework of the company)
scope note: divides further into financial leverage via loans; non fiscal types of leverage (influence)

de jure controlling interest party
type: Class
subclass of: ControllingParty
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isControllingPartyIn
  some values from: DeJureControl
definition: party that has the legal authority to exercise control

entity controlling party
type: Class
subclass of: ControllingParty
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isControllingPartyOf
  some values from: LegalEntity
definition: party that has the authority to control some legal entity
editorial note: This type of party is either asserted to be the case by the entity itself or some other party, or is determined through some analysis or calculation based on the available information about controlling interests.
scope note: It is assumed that since control follows from some form of ownership or contractual instrument, that the range of entities which may fulfil this party role is the same as that for entity ownership, namely a logical union of natural persons, legal persons and formal organizations.

influence-based de facto control
type: Class
subclass of: DeFactoControl
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPartyInControl
  some values from: influence-based de facto controlling party
definition: informal control that involves influence over some party

influence-based de facto controlling party
type: Class
subclass of: de facto controlling interest party
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isControllingPartyIn
  some values from: influence-based de facto control
definition: party that holds influence-based control over some other party
editorial note: Regulatory or jurisdictional control would fall under this control. Court appointed control is de jure control BUT the scenario in which a government takes over something and then hands it over to some new de jure controller i.e. administrator - in the meantime this is de facto control by e.g. the government.

investment-based de facto control
type: Class
subclass of: DeFactoControl
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isConferredBy
  all values from: InvestmentEquity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPartyInControl
  some values from: investment-based de facto controlling interest party
definition: control that arises through some investment in some entity, other than via the holding of constitutional equity (shares etc.) in that entity

investment-based de facto controlling interest party
type: Class
subclass of: de facto controlling interest party
subclass of: Investor
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isControllingPartyIn
  all values from: investment-based de facto control
definition: party that holds investment-based control over some other party

joint controlling party
type: Class
subclass of: entity controlling party
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentity
  all values from: controlling alliance
disjoint with: sole controlling party
definition: party that collectively has the authority to control the affairs of some business organization

majority controlling party
type: Class
subclass of: entity controlling party
definition: controlling party that possesses, either directly or indirectly, the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a legal person, whether through the ownership of a majority of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise
adapted from: Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 49.2

receiver
type: Class
subclass of: de jure controlling interest party
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isControllingPartyIn
  some values from: court appointed control
definition: party appointed by some court for the purposes of winding up the affairs of some entity which is no longer solvent

sole controlling party
type: Class
subclass of: entity controlling party
definition: party that has sole control over and directs the affairs of some legal entity

total owner
type: Class
subclass of: ConstitutionalOwner
definition: party that has 100 percent ownership some legal entity
editorial note: By virtue of holding 100 percent of the equity ownership, the Total Owner also holds 100 percent of the controlling equity, if there is a difference. Therefore it is both a total owner and a total controlling party.

advises
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: isPartyControlling
domain: ControllingParty
range: controlled party
inverse of: has advisor
definition: provides counsel or guidance to

has controlling organization member
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasControllingParty
domain: controlled party
range: OrganizationMember
inverse of: is controlling member of
definition: relates a controlled party to a controlling member of the organization

has majority controlling party
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: isControlledPartyOf
domain: LegalEntity
range: majority controlling party
definition: indicates a party that owns a controlling stake (over 50 percent) in the entity

has advisor
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasControllingParty
domain: controlled party
range: ControllingParty
definition: indicates the party that acts in an advisory capacity to the controlled party

is based on investment equity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: isConferredBy
domain: investment-based de facto control
range: InvestmentEquity
definition: indicates investment-based de facto control, which is is based on the holding of some investment equity by some party

is controlling member of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: isPartyControlling
domain: OrganizationMember
range: controlled party
definition: identifies a controlled organization over which the member has some measure of control