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license: cc-by-4.0
tags:
- coral reef
- coral restoration
- 3d gaussian splatting
- photogrammetry
- time-series
- 3d
- wildflow
- orthomosaic
pretty_name: Soneva Coral Reef Time-Series Photogrammetry
---
# Soneva Coral Reef Time-Series Photogrammetry
The [Soneva Conservation and Sustainability Maldives](https://www.instagram.com/soneva.coral) team and [Wildflow](https://wildflow.ai) are sharing an open time-series 3D photogrammetry dataset from coral restoration and monitoring plots in the Maldives.
Right now it is hard to find high-quality open time-series 3D photogrammetry data of coral reefs. Coral reefs support over a quarter of all marine life and up to a billion people, yet they are disappearing fast. A lot of people are working hard to protect and restore them; we hope open access to real reef data helps more teams build useful tools, compare methods, and learn from each other.
This release contains **23 surveys across 6 coral reef plots**, captured between **2025-06-02 and 2026-03-04** following the [protocol](https://wildflow.ai/protocol). It includes **22,422 raw GoPro images** plus processed reconstruction assets: COLMAP cameras and poses, dense point clouds, orthomosaic PMTiles, coordinate transforms, and multi-LOD Gaussian splat PLYs.
The surveys were co-registered so individual coral colonies can be followed through time. You can use the data for coral reef monitoring, time-series 3D reconstruction, SLAM, semantic segmentation, species identification, AR/VR, education, games, visualisation, or anything else that benefits from real underwater 3D data.
You can also explore the surveys in the browser-based viewer: [wildflow.ai/soneva](https://wildflow.ai/soneva).
## License
This dataset is licensed under [CC-BY-4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). You can use it for research, education, and commercial work as long as attribution is provided.
## Structure
Each survey is stored as:
```text
maldives_soneva_<plot>_<yyyymmdd>/
├── raw/ # Raw GoPro images
├── colmap/ # COLMAP reconstruction files
│ ├── cameras.bin
│ ├── images.bin
│ ├── points3D.bin
│ └── image_mapping.csv # Raw image path to COLMAP image mapping
├── ortho/
│ ├── ortho.pmtiles # Browser/GIS-friendly tiled orthomosaic
│ └── world_to_pixel.json # Coordinate transform metadata
├── splats/
│ └── ply/
│ ├── lod0.ply
│ ├── lod1.ply
│ ├── lod2.ply
│ ├── lod3.ply
│ └── lod4.ply
└── point_cloud.ply # Dense exported point cloud, XYZ only
metadata.json # Survey-level metadata
```
## Metadata
[`metadata.json`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/wildflow/soneva-corals/resolve/main/metadata.json) contains per-survey metadata:
- capture date
- scale bar length and measured scale bar depths
- SW corner coordinates where available from the source spreadsheet
- raw image counts and sizes
- reference scalebar endpoint projections for the 6 base surveys where alignment annotations are available
Scale bars are 0.5 m long. Projection references use survey-relative raw image paths and COLMAP image IDs, for example:
```json
{
"image": "raw/10.07.25 RHS/G0016051.JPG",
"colmap_image_id": 494,
"pixel_x": 2403.375,
"pixel_y": 2996.55688
}
```
## Survey Summary
| Plot | Surveys |
| --------- | ------: |
| HB | 4 |
| OOTBM | 3 |
| OOTBR | 4 |
| OOTSL1 | 4 |
| OOTSR2 | 4 |
| OOTSR3 | 4 |
| **Total** | **23** |
## Available Assets
| Asset | Notes |
| ------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Raw images | 22,422 images, ~67 GB |
| COLMAP | `cameras.bin`, `images.bin`, `points3D.bin`, `image_mapping.csv` |
| Orthomosaics | PMTiles plus `world_to_pixel.json` |
| Dense point clouds | One XYZ-only `point_cloud.ply` per survey |
| Gaussian splat PLYs | 5 LODs per survey |
## Contributors
This dataset was made possible by the Soneva Conservation and Sustainability Maldives team:
- Ben Yuen
- Ayla Kroon
- Tom Freer
- Ashley Wallis
- the Soneva CSM coral interns
- Johanna Leonhardt
Processed and published with support from [Wildflow](https://wildflow.ai/).
For questions about the dataset, contact Sergei Nozdrenkov at sergei@wildflow.ai or Ben Yuen at benedict@soneva.com.
## Cite
```bibtex
@misc{wildflow_soneva_corals_2026,
author = {Ben Yuen and Ayla Kroon and Tom Freer and Ashley Wallis and Johanna Leonhardt and Wildflow},
title = {Soneva CSM Coral Reef Time-Series Photogrammetry Dataset},
year = {2026},
url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/wildflow/soneva-corals},
publisher = {Hugging Face}
}
```
Links:
- [huggingface.co/datasets/wildflow/soneva-corals](https://huggingface.co/datasets/wildflow/soneva-corals) -- this dataset
- [wildflow.ai/soneva](https://wildflow.ai/soneva) -- explore in the browser
- [instagram.com/soneva.coral](https://www.instagram.com/soneva.coral) -- Soneva CSM
- [protocol](https://wildflow.ai/protocol) -- how to collect the data
- Announcement in [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7464829592503996417/), [Twitter/X](https://x.com/nozdrenkov/status/2059065521077621120), [BlueSky](https://bsky.app/profile/nozdrenkov.com/post/3mmpppxesfk25).
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