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36,207
Analysis of Optimization Techniques to Improve User Response Time of Web Applications and Their Implementation for MOODLE
cs.AI
Analysis of seven optimization techniques grouped under three categories (hardware, back-end, and front-end) is done to study the reduction in average user response time for Modular Object Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (Moodle), a Learning Management System which is scripted in PHP5, runs on Apache web server a...
computer science
36,208
HeteSim: A General Framework for Relevance Measure in Heterogeneous Networks
cs.IR
Similarity search is an important function in many applications, which usually focuses on measuring the similarity between objects with the same type. However, in many scenarios, we need to measure the relatedness between objects with different types. With the surge of study on heterogeneous networks, the relevance mea...
computer science
36,209
A Model of the Mechanisms Underlying Exploratory Behaviour
cs.AI
A model of the mechanisms underlying exploratory behaviour, based on empirical research and refined using a computer simulation, is presented. The behaviour of killifish from two lakes, one with killifish predators and one without, was compared in the laboratory. Plotting average activity in a novel environment versus ...
computer science
36,210
Concept Combination and the Origins of Complex Cognition
cs.AI
At the core of our uniquely human cognitive abilities is the capacity to see things from different perspectives, or to place them in a new context. We propose that this was made possible by two cognitive transitions. First, the large brain of Homo erectus facilitated the onset of recursive recall: the ability to string...
computer science
36,211
Estimating the Margin of Victory of an Election using Sampling
cs.AI
The margin of victory of an election is a useful measure to capture the robustness of an election outcome. It also plays a crucial role in determining the sample size of various algorithms in post election audit, polling etc. In this work, we present efficient sampling based algorithms for estimating the margin of vict...
computer science
36,212
Structure Formation in Large Theories
cs.LO
Structuring theories is one of the main approaches to reduce the combinatorial explosion associated with reasoning and exploring large theories. In the past we developed the notion of development graphs as a means to represent and maintain structured theories. In this paper we present a methodology and a resulting impl...
computer science
36,213
DistMS: A Non-Portfolio Distributed Solver for Maximum Satisfiability
cs.LO
The most successful parallel SAT and MaxSAT solvers follow a portfolio approach, where each thread applies a different algorithm (or the same algorithm configured differently) to solve a given problem instance. The main goal of building a portfolio is to diversify the search process being carried out by each thread. As...
computer science
36,214
Exploring Strategy-Proofness, Uniqueness, and Pareto Optimality for the Stable Matching Problem with Couples
cs.GT
The Stable Matching Problem with Couples (SMP-C) is a ubiquitous real-world extension of the stable matching problem (SMP) involving complementarities. Although SMP can be solved in polynomial time, SMP-C is NP-Complete. Hence, it is not clear which, if any, of the theoretical results surrounding the canonical SMP prob...
computer science
36,215
Predicting Occupancy Trends in Barcelona's Bicycle Service Stations Using Open Data
cs.AI
In 2008, the CEO of the company that manages and maintains the public bicycle service in Barcelona recognized that one may not expect to always find a place to leave the rented bike nearby their destination, similarly to the case when, driving a car, people may not find a parking lot. In this work, we make predictions ...
computer science
36,216
A Theory of Formal Synthesis via Inductive Learning
cs.AI
Formal synthesis is the process of generating a program satisfying a high-level formal specification. In recent times, effective formal synthesis methods have been proposed based on the use of inductive learning. We refer to this class of methods that learn programs from examples as formal inductive synthesis. In this ...
computer science
36,217
Norm Monitoring under Partial Action Observability
cs.MA
In the context of using norms for controlling multi-agent systems, a vitally important question that has not yet been addressed in the literature is the development of mechanisms for monitoring norm compliance under partial action observability. This paper proposes the reconstruction of unobserved actions to tackle thi...
computer science
36,218
How, What and Why to test an ontology
cs.AI
Ontology development relates to software development in that they both involve the production of formal computational knowledge. It is possible, therefore, that some of the techniques used in software engineering could also be used for ontologies; for example, in software engineering testing is a well-established proce...
computer science
36,219
Scalable Parallel Numerical Constraint Solver Using Global Load Balancing
cs.DC
We present a scalable parallel solver for numerical constraint satisfaction problems (NCSPs). Our parallelization scheme consists of homogeneous worker solvers, each of which runs on an available core and communicates with others via the global load balancing (GLB) method. The parallel solver is implemented with X10 th...
computer science
36,220
Advances in Artificial Intelligence: Deep Intentions, Shallow Achievements
cs.AI
Over the past decade, AI has made a remarkable progress due to recently revived Deep Learning technology. Deep Learning enables to process large amounts of data using simplified neuron networks that simulate the way in which the brain works. At the same time, there is another point of view that posits that brain is pro...
computer science
36,221
Recursion in RDF Data Shape Languages
cs.DB
An RDF data shape is a description of the expected contents of an RDF document (aka graph) or dataset. A major part of this description is the set of constraints that the document or dataset is required to satisfy. W3C recently (2014) chartered the RDF Data Shapes Working Group to define SHACL, a standard RDF data shap...
computer science
36,222
A New Fundamental Evidence of Non-Classical Structure in the Combination of Natural Concepts
cs.AI
We recently performed cognitive experiments on conjunctions and negations of two concepts with the aim of investigating the combination problem of concepts. Our experiments confirmed the deviations (conceptual vagueness, underextension, overextension, etc.) from the rules of classical (fuzzy) logic and probability theo...
computer science
36,223
Modular Action Language ALM
cs.LO
The paper introduces a new modular action language, ALM, and illustrates the methodology of its use. It is based on the approach of Gelfond and Lifschitz (1993; 1998) in which a high-level action language is used as a front end for a logic programming system description. The resulting logic programming representation i...
computer science
36,224
A Pareto Front-Based Multiobjective Path Planning Algorithm
cs.AI
Path planning is one of the most vital elements of mobile robotics. With a priori knowledge of the environment, global path planning provides a collision-free route through the workspace. The global path plan can be calculated with a variety of informed search algorithms, most notably the A* search method, guaranteed t...
computer science
36,225
A survey of SMS based Information Systems
cs.AI
Short Message Service (SMS) based Information Systems (SMSbIS) provide an excellent alternative to a traditional approach of obtaining specific information by direct (through phone) or indirect (IVRS, Web, Email) probing. Information and communication technology and far reaching mobile penetration has opened this new r...
computer science
36,226
A Logic of Knowing How
cs.AI
In this paper, we propose a single-agent modal logic framework for reasoning about goal-direct "knowing how" based on ideas from linguistics, philosophy, modal logic and automated planning. We first define a modal language to express "I know how to guarantee phi given psi" with a semantics not based on standard epistem...
computer science
36,227
Fair task allocation in transportation
cs.AI
Task allocation problems have traditionally focused on cost optimization. However, more and more attention is being given to cases in which cost should not always be the sole or major consideration. In this paper we study a fair task allocation problem in transportation where an optimal allocation not only has low cost...
computer science
36,228
Multidefender Security Games
cs.GT
Stackelberg security game models and associated computational tools have seen deployment in a number of high-consequence security settings, such as LAX canine patrols and Federal Air Marshal Service. These models focus on isolated systems with only one defender, despite being part of a more complex system with multiple...
computer science
36,229
Relations between assumption-based approaches in nonmonotonic logic and formal argumentation
cs.AI
In this paper we make a contribution to the unification of formal models of defeasible reasoning. We present several translations between formal argumentation frameworks and nonmonotonic logics for reasoning with plausible assumptions. More specifically, we translate adaptive logics into assumption-based argumentation ...
computer science
36,230
The Algorithm of Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh) with Validation of an Entscheidungsproblem
cs.AI
The historic background of algorithmic processing with regard to etymology and methodology is translated into terms of mathematical logic and Computer Science. A formal logic structure is introduced by exemplaryquestions posed to Fiqh-chapters to define alogic query language. As a foundation, ageneric algorithm for dec...
computer science
36,231
Improving SAT Solvers via Blocked Clause Decomposition
cs.LO
The decision variable selection policy used by the most competitive CDCL (Conflict-Driven Clause Learning) SAT solvers is either VSIDS (Variable State Independent Decaying Sum) or its variants such as exponential version EVSIDS. The common characteristic of VSIDS and its variants is to make use of statistical informati...
computer science
36,232
Bicycle-Sharing System Analysis and Trip Prediction
cs.CY
Bicycle-sharing systems, which can provide shared bike usage services for the public, have been launched in many big cities. In bicycle-sharing systems, people can borrow and return bikes at any stations in the service region very conveniently. Therefore, bicycle-sharing systems are normally used as a short-distance tr...
computer science
36,233
Asking the metaquestions in constraint tractability
cs.CC
The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) involves deciding, given a set of variables and a set of constraints on the variables, whether or not there is an assignment to the variables satisfying all of the constraints. One formulation of the CSP is as the problem of deciding, given a pair (G,H) of relational structures...
computer science
36,234
A Mathematical Trust Algebra for International Nation Relations Computation and Evaluation
cs.CR
This paper presents a trust computation for international relations and its calculus, which related to Bayesian inference, Dempster Shafer theory and subjective logic. We proposed a method that allows a trust computation which is previously subjective and incomputable. An example of case study for the trust computation...
computer science
36,235
An Efficient Algorithm for Mining Frequent Sequence with Constraint Programming
cs.DB
The main advantage of Constraint Programming (CP) approaches for sequential pattern mining (SPM) is their modularity, which includes the ability to add new constraints (regular expressions, length restrictions, etc). The current best CP approach for SPM uses a global constraint (module) that computes the projected data...
computer science
36,236
Efficiency and Sequenceability in Fair Division of Indivisible Goods with Additive Preferences
cs.GT
In fair division of indivisible goods, using sequences of sincere choices (or picking sequences) is a natural way to allocate the objects. The idea is the following: at each stage, a designated agent picks one object among those that remain. This paper, restricted to the case where the agents have numerical additive pr...
computer science
36,237
Planning with Information-Processing Constraints and Model Uncertainty in Markov Decision Processes
cs.AI
Information-theoretic principles for learning and acting have been proposed to solve particular classes of Markov Decision Problems. Mathematically, such approaches are governed by a variational free energy principle and allow solving MDP planning problems with information-processing constraints expressed in terms of a...
computer science
36,238
Differential Evolution for Efficient AUV Path Planning in Time Variant Uncertain Underwater Environment
cs.RO
The AUV three-dimension path planning in complex turbulent underwater environment is investigated in this research, in which static current map data and uncertain static-moving time variant obstacles are taken into account. Robustness of AUVs path planning to this strong variability is known as a complex NP-hard proble...
computer science
36,239
Optimal Route Planning with Prioritized Task Scheduling for AUV Missions
cs.RO
This paper presents a solution to Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) large scale route planning and task assignment joint problem. Given a set of constraints (e.g., time) and a set of task priority values, the goal is to find the optimal route for underwater mission that maximizes the sum of the priorities and minim...
computer science
36,240
Backward-Forward Search for Manipulation Planning
cs.RO
In this paper we address planning problems in high-dimensional hybrid configuration spaces, with a particular focus on manipulation planning problems involving many objects. We present the hybrid backward-forward (HBF) planning algorithm that uses a backward identification of constraints to direct the sampling of the i...
computer science
36,241
Spatiotemporal Articulated Models for Dynamic SLAM
cs.RO
We propose an online spatiotemporal articulation model estimation framework that estimates both articulated structure as well as a temporal prediction model solely using passive observations. The resulting model can predict future mo- tions of an articulated object with high confidence because of the spatial and tempor...
computer science
36,242
HordeQBF: A Modular and Massively Parallel QBF Solver
cs.LO
The recently developed massively parallel satisfiability (SAT) solver HordeSAT was designed in a modular way to allow the integration of any sequential CDCL-based SAT solver in its core. We integrated the QCDCL-based quantified Boolean formula (QBF) solver DepQBF in HordeSAT to obtain a massively parallel QBF solver---...
computer science
36,243
A Deterministic Annealing Approach to the Multiple Traveling Salesmen and Related Problems
math.OC
This paper presents a novel and efficient heuristic framework for approximating the solutions to the multiple traveling salesmen problem (m-TSP) and other variants on the TSP. The approach adopted in this paper is an extension of the Maximum-Entropy-Principle (MEP) and the Deterministic Annealing (DA) algorithm. The fr...
computer science
36,244
Tasks for agent-based negotiation teams: Analysis, review, and challenges
cs.MA
An agent-based negotiation team is a group of interdependent agents that join together as a single negotiation party due to their shared interests in the negotiation at hand. The reasons to employ an agent-based negotiation team may vary: (i) more computation and parallelization capabilities, (ii) unite agents with dif...
computer science
36,245
Studying the impact of negotiation environments on negotiation teams' performance
cs.MA
In this article we study the impact of the negotiation environment on the performance of several intra-team strategies (team dynamics) for agent-based negotiation teams that negotiate with an opponent. An agent-based negotiation team is a group of agents that joins together as a party because they share common interest...
computer science
36,246
Toward Efficient Task Assignment and Motion Planning for Large Scale Underwater Mission
cs.RO
An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) needs to acquire a certain degree of autonomy for any particular underwater mission to fulfill the mission objectives successfully and ensure its safety in all stages of the mission in a large scale operating filed. In this paper, a novel combinatorial conflict-free-task assignmen...
computer science
36,247
A global constraint for closed itemset mining
cs.AI
Discovering the set of closed frequent patterns is one of the fundamental problems in Data Mining. Recent Constraint Programming (CP) approaches for declarative itemset mining have proven their usefulness and flexibility. But the wide use of reified constraints in current CP approaches raises many difficulties to cope ...
computer science
36,248
Text-based LSTM networks for Automatic Music Composition
cs.AI
In this paper, we introduce new methods and discuss results of text-based LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) networks for automatic music composition. The proposed network is designed to learn relationships within text documents that represent chord progressions and drum tracks in two case studies. In the experiments, word-...
computer science
36,249
Managing Overstaying Electric Vehicles in Park-and-Charge Facilities
cs.AI
With the increase in adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs), proper utilization of the charging infrastructure is an emerging challenge for service providers. Overstaying of an EV after a charging event is a key contributor to low utilization. Since overstaying is easily detectable by monitoring the power drawn from the c...
computer science
36,250
Demand Prediction and Placement Optimization for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations
cs.AI
Effective placement of charging stations plays a key role in Electric Vehicle (EV) adoption. In the placement problem, given a set of candidate sites, an optimal subset needs to be selected with respect to the concerns of both (a) the charging station service provider, such as the demand at the candidate sites and the ...
computer science
36,251
Pattern-Based Approach to the Workflow Satisfiability Problem with User-Independent Constraints
cs.AI
The fixed parameter tractable (FPT) approach is a powerful tool in tackling computationally hard problems. In this paper, we link FPT results to classic artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to show how they complement each other. Specifically, we consider the workflow satisfiability problem (WSP) which asks whether ...
computer science
36,252
Using Reinforcement Learning to Validate Empirical Game-Theoretic Analysis: A Continuous Double Auction Study
cs.AI
Empirical game-theoretic analysis (EGTA) has recently been applied successfully to analyze the behavior of large numbers of competing traders in a continuous double auction market. Multiagent simulation methods like EGTA are useful for studying complex strategic environments like a stock market, where it is not feasibl...
computer science
36,253
Parameterized Compilation Lower Bounds for Restricted CNF-formulas
cs.AI
We show unconditional parameterized lower bounds in the area of knowledge compilation, more specifically on the size of circuits in decomposable negation normal form (DNNF) that encode CNF-formulas restricted by several graph width measures. In particular, we show that - there are CNF formulas of size $n$ and modular...
computer science
36,254
A Hybrid Approach to Query Answering under Expressive Datalog+/-
cs.DB
Datalog+/- is a family of ontology languages that combine good computational properties with high expressive power. Datalog+/- languages are provably able to capture the most relevant Semantic Web languages. In this paper we consider the class of weakly-sticky (WS) Datalog+/- programs, which allow for certain useful fo...
computer science
36,255
Extracted Social Network Mining
cs.SI
In this paper we study the relationship between the resources of social networks by exploring the Web as big data based on a simple search engine. We have used set theory by utilizing the occurrence and co-occurrence for defining the singleton or doubleton spaces of event in a search engine model, and then provided the...
computer science
36,256
The Dichotomy for Conservative Constraint Satisfaction is Polynomially Decidable
cs.CC
Given a fixed constraint language $\Gamma$, the conservative CSP over $\Gamma$ (denoted by c-CSP($\Gamma$)) is a variant of CSP($\Gamma$) where the domain of each variable can be restricted arbitrarily. A dichotomy is known for conservative CSP: for every fixed language $\Gamma$, c-CSP($\Gamma$) is either in P or NP-co...
computer science
36,257
Predictive No-Reference Assessment of Video Quality
cs.MM
Among the various means to evaluate the quality of video streams, No-Reference (NR) methods have low computation and may be executed on thin clients. Thus, NR algorithms would be perfect candidates in cases of real-time quality assessment, automated quality control and, particularly, in adaptive mobile streaming. Yet, ...
computer science
36,258
Procedural Generation of Angry Birds Levels using Building Constructive Grammar with Chinese-Style and/or Japanese-Style Models
cs.AI
This paper presents a procedural generation method that creates visually attractive levels for the Angry Birds game. Besides being an immensely popular mobile game, Angry Birds has recently become a test bed for various artificial intelligence technologies. We propose a new approach for procedurally generating Angry Bi...
computer science
36,259
The Power of Arc Consistency for CSPs Defined by Partially-Ordered Forbidden Patterns
cs.CC
Characterising tractable fragments of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is an important challenge in theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence. Forbidding patterns (generic sub-instances) provides a means of defining CSP fragments which are neither exclusively language-based nor exclusively struc...
computer science
36,260
Propositional Abduction with Implicit Hitting Sets
cs.AI
Logic-based abduction finds important applications in artificial intelligence and related areas. One application example is in finding explanations for observed phenomena. Propositional abduction is a restriction of abduction to the propositional domain, and complexity-wise is in the second level of the polynomial hier...
computer science
36,261
Quantum Cognition Beyond Hilbert Space I: Fundamentals
cs.AI
The formalism of quantum theory in Hilbert space has been applied with success to the modeling and explanation of several cognitive phenomena, whereas traditional cognitive approaches were problematical. However, this 'quantum cognition paradigm' was recently challenged by its proven impossibility to simultaneously mod...
computer science
36,262
Quantum cognition beyond Hilbert space II: Applications
cs.AI
The research on human cognition has recently benefited from the use of the mathematical formalism of quantum theory in Hilbert space. However, cognitive situations exist which indicate that the Hilbert space structure, and the associated Born rule, would be insufficient to provide a satisfactory modeling of the collect...
computer science
36,263
Semantic Reasoning for Context-aware Internet of Things Applications
cs.AI
Advances in ICT are bringing into reality the vision of a large number of uniquely identifiable, interconnected objects and things that gather information from diverse physical environments and deliver the information to a variety of innovative applications and services. These sensing objects and things form the Intern...
computer science
36,264
Mysteries of Visual Experience
cs.AI
Science is a crowning glory of the human spirit and its applications remain our best hope for social progress. But there are limitations to current science and perhaps to any science. The general mind-body problem is known to be intractable and currently mysterious. This is one of many deep problems that are universall...
computer science
36,265
"Knowing value" logic as a normal modal logic
cs.AI
Recent years witness a growing interest in nonstandard epistemic logics of "knowing whether", "knowing what", "knowing how", and so on. These logics are usually not normal, i.e., the standard axioms and reasoning rules for modal logic may be invalid. In this paper, we show that the conditional "knowing value" logic pro...
computer science
36,266
Supervisory Control for Behavior Composition
cs.AI
We relate behavior composition, a synthesis task studied in AI, to supervisory control theory from the discrete event systems field. In particular, we show that realizing (i.e., implementing) a target behavior module (e.g., a house surveillance system) by suitably coordinating a collection of available behaviors (e.g.,...
computer science
36,267
Text Modeling using Unsupervised Topic Models and Concept Hierarchies
cs.AI
Statistical topic models provide a general data-driven framework for automated discovery of high-level knowledge from large collections of text documents. While topic models can potentially discover a broad range of themes in a data set, the interpretability of the learned topics is not always ideal. Human-defined conc...
computer science
36,268
Initial Results on the F-logic to OWL Bi-directional Translation on a Tabled Prolog Engine
cs.AI
In this paper, we show our results on the bi-directional data exchange between the F-logic language supported by the Flora2 system and the OWL language. Most of the TBox and ABox axioms are translated preserving the semantics between the two representations, such as: proper inclusion, individual definition, functional ...
computer science
36,269
e-Valuate: A Two-player Game on Arithmetic Expressions -- An Update
math.CO
e-Valuate is a game on arithmetic expressions. The players have contrasting roles of maximizing and minimizing the given expression. The maximizer proposes values and the minimizer substitutes them for variables of his choice. When the expression is fully instantiated, its value is compared with a certain minimax value...
computer science
36,270
OWL: Yet to arrive on the Web of Data?
cs.DL
Seven years on from OWL becoming a W3C recommendation, and two years on from the more recent OWL 2 W3C recommendation, OWL has still experienced only patchy uptake on the Web. Although certain OWL features (like owl:sameAs) are very popular, other features of OWL are largely neglected by publishers in the Linked Data w...
computer science
36,271
Modification of the Elite Ant System in Order to Avoid Local Optimum Points in the Traveling Salesman Problem
cs.AI
This article presents a new algorithm which is a modified version of the elite ant system (EAS) algorithm. The new version utilizes an effective criterion for escaping from the local optimum points. In contrast to the classical EAC algorithms, the proposed algorithm uses only a global updating, which will increase pher...
computer science
36,272
Optimization in SMT with LA(Q) Cost Functions
cs.AI
In the contexts of automated reasoning and formal verification, important decision problems are effectively encoded into Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT). In the last decade efficient SMT solvers have been developed for several theories of practical interest (e.g., linear arithmetic, arrays, bit-vectors). Surprisin...
computer science
36,273
Message passing for quantified Boolean formulas
cs.AI
We introduce two types of message passing algorithms for quantified Boolean formulas (QBF). The first type is a message passing based heuristics that can prove unsatisfiability of the QBF by assigning the universal variables in such a way that the remaining formula is unsatisfiable. In the second type, we use message p...
computer science
36,274
Citizen Science: Contributions to Astronomy Research
cs.AI
The contributions of everyday individuals to significant research has grown dramatically beyond the early days of classical birdwatching and endeavors of amateurs of the 19th century. Now people who are casually interested in science can participate directly in research covering diverse scientific fields. Regarding ast...
computer science
36,275
Decentralized Multi-agent Plan Repair in Dynamic Environments
cs.AI
Achieving joint objectives by teams of cooperative planning agents requires significant coordination and communication efforts. For a single-agent system facing a plan failure in a dynamic environment, arguably, attempts to repair the failed plan in general do not straightforwardly bring any benefit in terms of time co...
computer science
36,276
Refinement Modal Logic
cs.LO
In this paper we present {\em refinement modal logic}. A refinement is like a bisimulation, except that from the three relational requirements only `atoms' and `back' need to be satisfied. Our logic contains a new operator 'all' in addition to the standard modalities 'box' for each agent. The operator 'all' acts as a q...
computer science
36,277
Towards quantitative measures in applied ontology
cs.AI
Applied ontology is a relatively new field which aims to apply theories and methods from diverse disciplines such as philosophy, cognitive science, linguistics and formal logics to perform or improve domain-specific tasks. To support the development of effective research methodologies for applied ontology, we criticall...
computer science
36,278
Solving Cooperative Reliability Games
cs.GT
Cooperative games model the allocation of profit from joint actions, following considerations such as stability and fairness. We propose the reliability extension of such games, where agents may fail to participate in the game. In the reliability extension, each agent only "survives" with a certain probability, and a c...
computer science
36,279
Factored Filtering of Continuous-Time Systems
cs.SY
We consider filtering for a continuous-time, or asynchronous, stochastic system where the full distribution over states is too large to be stored or calculated. We assume that the rate matrix of the system can be compactly represented and that the belief distribution is to be approximated as a product of marginals. The...
computer science
36,280
Filtered Fictitious Play for Perturbed Observation Potential Games and Decentralised POMDPs
cs.GT
Potential games and decentralised partially observable MDPs (Dec-POMDPs) are two commonly used models of multi-agent interaction, for static optimisation and sequential decisionmaking settings, respectively. In this paper we introduce filtered fictitious play for solving repeated potential games in which each player's ...
computer science
36,281
A Framework for Optimizing Paper Matching
cs.IR
At the heart of many scientific conferences is the problem of matching submitted papers to suitable reviewers. Arriving at a good assignment is a major and important challenge for any conference organizer. In this paper we propose a framework to optimize paper-to-reviewer assignments. Our framework uses suitability sco...
computer science
36,282
Strictly Proper Mechanisms with Cooperating Players
cs.GT
Prediction markets provide an efficient means to assess uncertain quantities from forecasters. Traditional and competitive strictly proper scoring rules have been shown to incentivize players to provide truthful probabilistic forecasts. However, we show that when those players can cooperate, these mechanisms can instea...
computer science
36,283
Efficient Inference in Markov Control Problems
cs.SY
Markov control algorithms that perform smooth, non-greedy updates of the policy have been shown to be very general and versatile, with policy gradient and Expectation Maximisation algorithms being particularly popular. For these algorithms, marginal inference of the reward weighted trajectory distribution is required t...
computer science
36,284
Dynamic Mechanism Design for Markets with Strategic Resources
cs.GT
The assignment of tasks to multiple resources becomes an interesting game theoretic problem, when both the task owner and the resources are strategic. In the classical, nonstrategic setting, where the states of the tasks and resources are observable by the controller, this problem is that of finding an optimal policy f...
computer science
36,285
Price Updating in Combinatorial Prediction Markets with Bayesian Networks
cs.GT
To overcome the #P-hardness of computing/updating prices in logarithm market scoring rule-based (LMSR-based) combinatorial prediction markets, Chen et al. [5] recently used a simple Bayesian network to represent the prices of securities in combinatorial predictionmarkets for tournaments, and showed that two types of po...
computer science
36,286
The Structure of Signals: Causal Interdependence Models for Games of Incomplete Information
cs.GT
Traditional economic models typically treat private information, or signals, as generated from some underlying state. Recent work has explicated alternative models, where signals correspond to interpretations of available information. We show that the difference between these formulations can be sharply cast in terms o...
computer science
36,287
Belief Propagation by Message Passing in Junction Trees: Computing Each Message Faster Using GPU Parallelization
cs.AI
Compiling Bayesian networks (BNs) to junction trees and performing belief propagation over them is among the most prominent approaches to computing posteriors in BNs. However, belief propagation over junction tree is known to be computationally intensive in the general case. Its complexity may increase dramatically wit...
computer science
36,288
Comparing SVM and Naive Bayes classifiers for text categorization with Wikitology as knowledge enrichment
cs.AI
The activity of labeling of documents according to their content is known as text categorization. Many experiments have been carried out to enhance text categorization by adding background knowledge to the document using knowledge repositories like Word Net, Open Project Directory (OPD), Wikipedia and Wikitology. In ou...
computer science
36,289
Towards an efficient prover for the C1 paraconsistent logic
cs.LO
The KE inference system is a tableau method developed by Marco Mondadori which was presented as an improvement, in the computational efficiency sense, over Analytic Tableaux. In the literature, there is no description of a theorem prover based on the KE method for the C1 paraconsistent logic. Paraconsistent logics have...
computer science
36,290
Perception Lie Paradox: Mathematically Proved Uncertainty about Humans Perception Similarity
cs.AI
Agents' judgment depends on perception and previous knowledge. Assuming that previous knowledge depends on perception, we can say that judgment depends on perception. So, if judgment depends on perception, can agents judge that they have the same perception? In few words, this is the addressed paradox through this docu...
computer science
36,291
$Q$- and $A$-Learning Methods for Estimating Optimal Dynamic Treatment Regimes
stat.ME
In clinical practice, physicians make a series of treatment decisions over the course of a patient's disease based on his/her baseline and evolving characteristics. A dynamic treatment regime is a set of sequential decision rules that operationalizes this process. Each rule corresponds to a decision point and dictates ...
computer science
36,292
MAV Stabilization using Machine Learning and Onboard Sensors
cs.RO
In many situations, Miniature Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) are limited to using only on-board sensors for navigation. This limits the data available to algorithms used for stabilization and localization, and current control methods are often insufficient to allow reliable hovering in place or trajectory following. In this re...
computer science
36,293
A Bi-Directional Refinement Algorithm for the Calculus of (Co)Inductive Constructions
cs.LO
The paper describes the refinement algorithm for the Calculus of (Co)Inductive Constructions (CIC) implemented in the interactive theorem prover Matita. The refinement algorithm is in charge of giving a meaning to the terms, types and proof terms directly written by the user or generated by using tactics, decision proc...
computer science
36,294
Interaction Histories and Short Term Memory: Enactive Development of Turn-taking Behaviors in a Childlike Humanoid Robot
cs.AI
In this article, an enactive architecture is described that allows a humanoid robot to learn to compose simple actions into turn-taking behaviors while playing interaction games with a human partner. The robot's action choices are reinforced by social feedback from the human in the form of visual attention and measures...
computer science
36,295
Can Intelligence Explode?
cs.AI
The technological singularity refers to a hypothetical scenario in which technological advances virtually explode. The most popular scenario is the creation of super-intelligent algorithms that recursively create ever higher intelligences. It took many decades for these ideas to spread from science fiction to popular s...
computer science
36,296
Possibilistic Pertinence Feedback and Semantic Networks for Goal's Extraction
cs.AI
Pertinence Feedback is a technique that enables a user to interactively express his information requirement by modifying his original query formulation with further information. This information is provided by explicitly confirming the pertinent of some indicating objects and/or goals extracted by the system. Obviously...
computer science
36,297
Loopy Belief Propagation in Bayesian Networks : origin and possibilistic perspectives
cs.AI
In this paper we present a synthesis of the work performed on two inference algorithms: the Pearl's belief propagation (BP) algorithm applied to Bayesian networks without loops (i.e. polytree) and the Loopy belief propagation (LBP) algorithm (inspired from the BP) which is applied to networks containing undirected cycl...
computer science
36,298
The hardest logic puzzle ever becomes even tougher
math.LO
"The hardest logic puzzle ever" presented by George Boolos became a target for philosophers and logicians who tried to modify it and make it even tougher. I propose further modification of the original puzzle where part of the available information is eliminated but the solution is still possible. The solution also giv...
computer science
36,299
Adaptive Inference on General Graphical Models
cs.DS
Many algorithms and applications involve repeatedly solving variations of the same inference problem; for example we may want to introduce new evidence to the model or perform updates to conditional dependencies. The goal of adaptive inference is to take advantage of what is preserved in the model and perform inference...
computer science
36,300
Identifying reasoning patterns in games
cs.GT
We present an algorithm that identifies the reasoning patterns of agents in a game, by iteratively examining the graph structure of its Multi-Agent Influence Diagram (MAID) representation. If the decision of an agent participates in no reasoning patterns, then we can effectively ignore that decision for the purpose of ...
computer science
36,301
Complexity of Inference in Graphical Models
cs.DS
It is well-known that inference in graphical models is hard in the worst case, but tractable for models with bounded treewidth. We ask whether treewidth is the only structural criterion of the underlying graph that enables tractable inference. In other words, is there some class of structures with unbounded treewidth i...
computer science
36,302
Gibbs Sampling in Factorized Continuous-Time Markov Processes
cs.AI
A central task in many applications is reasoning about processes that change over continuous time. Continuous-Time Bayesian Networks is a general compact representation language for multi-component continuous-time processes. However, exact inference in such processes is exponential in the number of components, and thus...
computer science
36,303
Learning and Solving Many-Player Games through a Cluster-Based Representation
cs.GT
In addressing the challenge of exponential scaling with the number of agents we adopt a cluster-based representation to approximately solve asymmetric games of very many players. A cluster groups together agents with a similar "strategic view" of the game. We learn the clustered approximation from data consisting of st...
computer science
36,304
Toward Experiential Utility Elicitation for Interface Customization
cs.AI
User preferences for automated assistance often vary widely, depending on the situation, and quality or presentation of help. Developing effectivemodels to learn individual preferences online requires domain models that associate observations of user behavior with their utility functions, which in turn can be construct...
computer science
36,305
The Evaluation of Causal Effects in Studies with an Unobserved Exposure/Outcome Variable: Bounds and Identification
stat.ME
This paper deals with the problem of evaluating the causal effect using observational data in the presence of an unobserved exposure/ outcome variable, when cause-effect relationships between variables can be described as a directed acyclic graph and the corresponding recursive factorization of a joint distribution. Fi...
computer science
36,306
Discovering Cyclic Causal Models by Independent Components Analysis
cs.AI
We generalize Shimizu et al's (2006) ICA-based approach for discovering linear non-Gaussian acyclic (LiNGAM) Structural Equation Models (SEMs) from causally sufficient, continuous-valued observational data. By relaxing the assumption that the generating SEM's graph is acyclic, we solve the more general problem of linea...
computer science