id
string
topic
string
difficulty
int64
problem_statement
string
solution_paths
list
reconciliation
dict
error_catalogue
list
conceptual_takeaway
string
math-001501
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Solve with verification: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 5 people from 184 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 184\\cdot(183)\\cdots(180)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{1663834536}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{184}{5}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1663834536.", "robustness_analysis": "If...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{1663834536}$.)
math-001502
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Explain each transformation: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 44 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{946}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{44}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 946.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Perm...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{946}$.)
math-001503
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Solve with verification: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 8 people from 91 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{84986896995}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{91}{8}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 84986896995.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note: Permute-th...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001504
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Give a theorem-based solution: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 11 people from 25 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Expl...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{4457400}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{25}{11}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 4457400.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001505
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Be explicit about assumptions: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 34 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Expla...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 34\\cdot(33)\\cdots(31)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{46376}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{34}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 46376.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note: Permute-then-divide works wh...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001506
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Give a theorem-based solution: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 15 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing ...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 15\\cdot(14)\\cdots(4)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds to...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{455}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{15}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 455.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were perturbed: Permute-the...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001507
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Solve with verification: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 15 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 15\\cdot(14)\\cdots(12)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{1365}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{15}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1365.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divide work...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{1365}$.)
math-001508
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Start by stating any domain restrictions: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 94 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 94\\cdot(93)\\cdots(92)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{134044}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{94}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 134044.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-then-divide w...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{134044}$.)
math-001509
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Show all reasoning: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 46 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain i...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{38910617655}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{46}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 38910617655.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-th...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{38910617655}$.)
math-001510
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Give a fully justified solution: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 142 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Ex...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 142\\cdot(141)\\cdots(134)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{49941822741810}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{142}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 49941822741810.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note: Per...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{49941822741810}$.)
math-001511
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Answer using clear logical steps: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 51 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividi...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 51\\cdot(50)\\cdots(42)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{12777711870}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{51}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 12777711870.", "robustness_analysis": "If the pr...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001512
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Answer using clear logical steps: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 157 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and divid...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{1871392332785690}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{157}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1871392332785690.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001513
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Answer with a short justification: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 30 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) E...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{4060}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{30}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 4060.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Pe...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001514
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Question: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 5 people from 150 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{591600030}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{150}{5}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 591600030.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality no...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{591600030}$.)
math-001515
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Challenge: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 7 people from 195 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 195\\cdot(194)\\cdots(189)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{1907713332720}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{195}{7}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1907713332720.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{1907713332720}$.)
math-001516
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Solve and include a self-check: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 22 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{231}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{22}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 231.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note: Permute-then-divide works when e...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{231}$.)
math-001517
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Explain each transformation: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 122 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explai...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{8783390}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{122}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 8783390.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divide wor...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{8783390}$.)
math-001518
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Give a theorem-based solution: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 102 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{5151}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{102}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 5151.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-then-divid...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{5151}$.)
math-001519
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Answer with a short justification: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 97 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) E...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{988172368}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{97}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 988172368.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-d...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{988172368}$.)
math-001520
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Provide both a computational and a conceptual explanation: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 137 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections an...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 137\\cdot(136)\\cdots(135)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{419220}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{137}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 419220.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-then-divide ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001521
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Give reasoning, not just computation: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 132 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 132\\cdot(131)\\cdots(130)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{374660}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{132}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 374660.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Pe...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{374660}$.)
math-001522
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Task: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 187 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sentence...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{54768908194}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{187}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 54768908194.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note: Permute-t...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{54768908194}$.)
math-001523
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Proceed methodically: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 76 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered se...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{142466675900}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{76}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 142466675900.", "robustness_analysis": ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{142466675900}$.)
math-001524
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Give an answer and a quick verification: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 124 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing ...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 124\\cdot(123)\\cdots(113)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{15924662409664151}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{124}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 15924662409664151.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Pe...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{15924662409664151}$.)
math-001525
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Start by stating any domain restrictions: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 49 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 49\\cdot(48)\\cdots(44)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{13983816}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{49}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 13983816.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divide wo...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{13983816}$.)
math-001526
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
State any required conditions first: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 136 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and div...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 136\\cdot(135)\\cdots(135)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{9180}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{136}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 9180.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-then-divid...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{9180}$.)
math-001527
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Do not skip justification steps: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 181 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Ex...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 181\\cdot(180)\\cdots(179)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{971970}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{181}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 971970.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivit...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001528
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Start by stating any domain restrictions: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 11 people from 19 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve b...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{75582}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{19}{11}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 75582.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divide works w...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{75582}$.)
math-001529
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Give an answer and a quick verification: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 5 people from 135 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing b...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{346700277}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{135}{5}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 346700277.", "robustness_analysis": "If t...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{346700277}$.)
math-001530
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Make each step logically reversible (or explain if not): Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 53 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definitio...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{292825}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{53}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 292825.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note: Per...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{292825}$.)
math-001531
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Answer using clear logical steps: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 7 people from 34 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{5379616}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{34}{7}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 5379616.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem wer...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{5379616}$.)
math-001532
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Explain why your operations are valid: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 174 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{1090856963244211111}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{174}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1090856963244211111.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{1090856963244211111}$.)
math-001533
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Be explicit about assumptions: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 179 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{41356876}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{179}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 41356876.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note: Permute-then-divide w...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{41356876}$.)
math-001534
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Write the solution set clearly: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 25 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 25\\cdot(24)\\cdots(22)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{12650}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{25}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 12650.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality no...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{12650}$.)
math-001535
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Make each step logically reversible (or explain if not): Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 92 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selection...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 92\\cdot(91)\\cdots(81)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{362827605867363}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{92}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 362827605867363.", "robustness_anal...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{362827605867363}$.)
math-001536
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Solve (and briefly cross-validate): Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 53 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 53\\cdot(52)\\cdots(45)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{4431613550}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{53}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 4431613550.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divid...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{4431613550}$.)
math-001537
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Solve and justify each step: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 7 people from 44 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{38320568}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{44}{7}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 38320568.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-div...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001538
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Give a fully justified solution: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 38 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 38\\cdot(37)\\cdots(37)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{703}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{38}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 703.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divide works when e...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001539
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Solve with verification: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 172 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Expl...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 172\\cdot(171)\\cdots(170)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{833340}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{172}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 833340.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note: Pe...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001540
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Be explicit about assumptions: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 43 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting o...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{6096454}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{43}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 6096454.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divide work...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001541
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Start by stating any domain restrictions: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 8 people from 61 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 61\\cdot(60)\\cdots(54)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{2944827765}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{61}{8}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 2944827765.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001542
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Write the solution set clearly: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 22 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{646646}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{22}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 646646.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{646646}$.)
math-001543
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Work carefully and justify each inference: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 109 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 109\\cdot(108)\\cdots(108)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{5886}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{109}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 5886.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity an...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{5886}$.)
math-001544
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Carefully track domains: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 123 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 123\\cdot(122)\\cdots(112)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{14383566047438588}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{123}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 14383566047438588.", "robustness_analysis": "If the proble...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{14383566047438588}$.)
math-001545
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Indicate where a theorem is used: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 5 people from 22 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividin...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{26334}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{22}{5}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 26334.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were perturbed: Permute-...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001546
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Complete the analysis: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 5 people from 186 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explai...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 186\\cdot(185)\\cdots(182)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{1757291172}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{186}{5}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1757291172.", "robustness_analysis": "Ge...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001547
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Try to avoid pattern-matching; explain why: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 77 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections ...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 77\\cdot(76)\\cdots(66)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{36749279048405}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{77}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 36749279048405.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001548
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Give reasoning, not just computation: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 106 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by co...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 106\\cdot(105)\\cdots(105)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{5565}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{106}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 5565.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{5565}$.)
math-001549
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Proceed methodically: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 108 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{1913554188}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{108}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1913554188.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divi...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001550
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Carefully track domains: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 35 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{6545}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{35}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 6545.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were pert...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{6545}$.)
math-001551
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Task: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 15 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sentence why di...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 15\\cdot(14)\\cdots(7)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds to...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{5005}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{15}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 5005.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Pe...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001552
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Prompt: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 20 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sentence why ...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 20\\cdot(19)\\cdots(12)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{167960}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{20}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 167960.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001553
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Carefully track domains: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 158 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{19628752143}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{158}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 19628752143.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Perm...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{19628752143}$.)
math-001554
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Explain what is being counted/optimized: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 8 people from 146 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing b...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{4212589656990}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{146}{8}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 4212589656990.", "robustness_analysis": "If th...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{4212589656990}$.)
math-001555
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
State any required conditions first: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 54 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and divi...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 54\\cdot(53)\\cdots(46)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{5317936260}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{54}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 5317936260.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness n...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001556
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Solve and then verify: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 96 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in on...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{142880}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{96}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 142880.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were perturbed: Permut...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{142880}$.)
math-001557
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Proceed methodically: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 145 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in on...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 145\\cdot(144)\\cdots(143)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{497640}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{145}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 497640.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{497640}$.)
math-001558
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Answer using clear logical steps: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 51 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Ex...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{249900}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{51}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 249900.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{249900}$.)
math-001559
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Give an answer and a quick verification: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 163 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing ...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 163\\cdot(162)\\cdots(154)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{2753064116158356}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{163}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 2753064116158356.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001560
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Explain what is being counted/optimized: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 7 people from 58 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{300674088}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{58}{7}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 300674088.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-then-di...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{300674088}$.)
math-001561
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Give a fully justified solution: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 5 people from 85 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{32801517}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{85}{5}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 32801517.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-the...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001562
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Solve and justify each step: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 171 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{14535}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{171}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 14535.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were perturbed: Permute-then-...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001563
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Indicate where a theorem is used: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 93 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by countin...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 93\\cdot(92)\\cdots(92)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{4278}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{93}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 4278.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were pert...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{4278}$.)
math-001564
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Task: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 105 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sentence...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 105\\cdot(104)\\cdots(97)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{3005047770725}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{105}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 3005047770725.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-the...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{3005047770725}$.)
math-001565
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Write the solution set clearly: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 168 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 168\\cdot(167)\\cdots(165)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{32018910}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{168}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 32018910.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{32018910}$.)
math-001566
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Solve and sanity-check: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 124 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{9381251}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{124}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 9381251.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitiv...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{9381251}$.)
math-001567
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Checkpoint: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 198 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 198\\cdot(197)\\cdots(189)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{20256672480820776}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{198}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 20256672480820776.", "robustness_analysis": "If the proble...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001568
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Proceed methodically: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 152 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$....
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 152\\cdot(151)\\cdots(143)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{1340705736329960}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{152}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1340705736329960.", "robustness_analysis":...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001569
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Exercise: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 86 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sent...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 86\\cdot(85)\\cdots(75)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{152902266958350}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{86}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 152902266958350.", "robustness_analysis": "G...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001570
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Task: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 132 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in ...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 132\\cdot(131)\\cdots(121)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{34898565177533200}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{132}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 34898565177533200.", "robustness_analysis": "If the proble...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{34898565177533200}$.)
math-001571
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Exercise: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 35 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain i...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 35\\cdot(34)\\cdots(27)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{70607460}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{35}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 70607460.", "robustness_analysis": "If the ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001572
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Try to avoid pattern-matching; explain why: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 92 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{868754947060}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{92}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 868754947060.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitiv...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{868754947060}$.)
math-001573
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Complete the analysis: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 11 people from 88 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{32006008361808}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{88}{11}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 32006008361808.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were pertur...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{32006008361808}$.)
math-001574
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Do not skip justification steps: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 172 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. ...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{293466669659020}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{172}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 293466669659020.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: P...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{293466669659020}$.)
math-001575
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Give an answer and a quick verification: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 200 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections an...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{22451004309013280}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{200}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 22451004309013280.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality no...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{22451004309013280}$.)
math-001576
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Do not skip justification steps: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 2 people from 128 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Ex...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 128\\cdot(127)\\cdots(127)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{8128}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{128}{2}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 8128.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001577
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Explain each transformation: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 183 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Expla...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{9037676445227430}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{183}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 9037676445227430.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were p...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{9037676445227430}$.)
math-001578
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Warm-up: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 70 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sentence why...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 70\\cdot(69)\\cdots(62)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{65033528560}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{70}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 65033528560.", "robustness_analysis": "G...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{65033528560}$.)
math-001579
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Proceed methodically: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 180 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered s...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{42296805}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{180}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 42296805.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality note...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{42296805}$.)
math-001580
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Make each step logically reversible (or explain if not): How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 8 people from 70 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{9440350920}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{70}{8}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 9440350920.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-then-...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{9440350920}$.)
math-001581
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Derive the result step-by-step: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 12 people from 51 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 51\\cdot(50)\\cdots(40)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{158753389900}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{51}{12}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 158753389900.", "robustness_analysis":...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{158753389900}$.)
math-001582
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Work this out carefully: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 109 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 109\\cdot(108)\\cdots(106)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{5563251}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{109}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 5563251.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitiv...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{5563251}$.)
math-001583
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Write the solution set clearly: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 43 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Expl...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{123410}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{43}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 123410.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{123410}$.)
math-001584
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Give a theorem-based solution: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 23 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting o...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 23\\cdot(22)\\cdots(21)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{1771}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{23}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1771.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{1771}$.)
math-001585
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Task: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 9 people from 18 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in on...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 18\\cdot(17)\\cdots(10)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{48620}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{18}{9}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 48620.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were pe...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{48620}$.)
math-001586
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
State any required conditions first: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 7 people from 81 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by coun...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 81\\cdot(80)\\cdots(75)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{3477216600}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{81}{7}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 3477216600.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness n...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001587
Discrete Math: Choosing without Replacement
1
Problem: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 10 people from 170 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sentence w...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{4241922417794061}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{170}{10}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 4241922417794061.", "robustness_analysis": "If the problem were p...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{4241922417794061}$.)
math-001588
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Prompt: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 91 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and d...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{121485}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{91}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 121485.", "robustness_analysis": "If the prob...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{121485}$.)
math-001589
Combinatorics: Subsets — Binomial Coefficients
1
Challenge: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 11 people from 91 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sen...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "The two methods are consistent and must coincide. Final answer: $\\boxed{47325339895743}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{91}{11}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 47325339895743.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Core principle: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001590
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Question: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 93 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain i...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{762245484}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{93}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 762245484.", "robustness_analysis": "Generality not...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{762245484}$.)
math-001591
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Solve and include a self-check: How many committees are possible? Solve using two counting models (subset vs permute-and-divide): How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 92 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing ...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 92\\cdot(91)\\cdots(90)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{125580}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{92}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 125580.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness ...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{125580}$.)
math-001592
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Determine the requested value: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 5 people from 147 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{534017484}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{147}{5}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 534017484.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness no...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001593
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Start by stating any domain restrictions: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 4 people from 79 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{1502501}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{79}{4}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1502501.", "robustness_analysis": "If the pr...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001594
Combinatorics: Counting Models — Subset Interpretation
1
Solve and then verify: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 183 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explai...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 183\\cdot(182)\\cdots(178)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Cross-check: both derivations land on the same invariant quantity. Final answer: $\\boxed{48019108683}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{183}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 48019108683.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivi...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{48019108683}$.)
math-001595
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Exercise: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 8 people from 125 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections an...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{1176174344125}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{125}{8}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 1176174344125.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-the...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Key idea: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{1176174344125}$.)
math-001596
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Try to avoid pattern-matching; explain why: Compute the number of ways to choose the group, and justify why order does not matter: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 6 people from 160 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividin...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 160\\cdot(159)\\cdots(155)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{21193254160}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{160}{6}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 21193254160.", "robustness_analysis": "...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{21193254160}$.)
math-001597
Combinatorics: Counting — Order vs Unordered
1
Answer using clear logical steps: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 5 people from 75 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Ex...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 75\\cdot(74)\\cdots(71)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee corresponds t...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{17259390}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{75}{5}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 17259390.", "robustness_analysis": "Sensitivity analysis: Permute-then-divi...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{17259390}$.)
math-001598
Combinatorics: Committees — Combinations
1
Problem: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 7 people from 135 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Explain in one sentence wh...
[ { "method_name": "Permute-Then-Divide", "approach": "Count ordered selections ($nP k$) and quotient by the number of internal permutations ($k!$) per committee.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Count ordered selections: $nP k = 135\\cdot(134)\\cdots(129)$.", "Step 2: Each unordered committee correspond...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{138432467745}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{135}{7}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 138432467745.", "robustness_analysis":...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{138432467745}$.)
math-001599
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Give a fully justified solution: Give the exact count and a short explanation of why dividing by $k!$ is correct: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 8 people from 185 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered selections and dividing by $k!$. (c) Ex...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Consistency verification shows both paths yield the identical boxed result. Final answer: $\\boxed{29188758206595}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{185}{8}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 29188758206595.", "robustness_analys...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Takeaway: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'.
math-001600
Combinatorics: Counting — Permute Then Divide
1
Solve with verification: Count the number of unordered selections (no repetition). Provide both $\binom{n}{k}$ reasoning and an ordered-count cross-check: How many ways are there to choose a committee of 3 people from 69 distinct people? (a) Solve using the binomial coefficient definition. (b) Solve by counting ordered...
[ { "method_name": "Direct Binomial Coefficient", "approach": "A committee is an unordered $k$-subset of an $n$-set, counted by $\\binom{n}{k}$.", "steps": [ "Step 1: Order does not matter and no one can be selected twice, so we count $k$-element subsets of an $n$-element set.", "Step 2: By de...
{ "consistency_check": "Both approaches agree after simplification. Final answer: $\\boxed{52394}$.\nThe permute-then-divide computation simplifies exactly to $\\binom{69}{3}$, so both methods count the same set of committees and produce 52394.", "robustness_analysis": "Robustness note: Permute-then-divide works wh...
[ { "error_description": "Used $n^k$ (allowing repetition and order) for committee selection.", "why_plausible": "Counting functions from $\\{1,\\dots,k\\}$ to $\\{1,\\dots,n\\}$ is a common reflex.", "why_wrong": "Committees require distinct elements and ignore order; $n^k$ counts ordered selections with...
Remember: When order doesn’t matter and repetition is forbidden, count $k$-subsets: $\binom{n}{k}$. A reliable cross-check is 'ordered count divided by $k!$'. (Here the result is $\boxed{52394}$.)