import json
import logging
import os
import pathlib
import re
from copy import deepcopy
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional, Tuple

import torch

from .constants import OPENAI_DATASET_MEAN, OPENAI_DATASET_STD
from .model import CLIP, convert_weights_to_fp16, resize_pos_embed
from .model import load_pruned_model, prune_model
from .pretrained import get_pretrained_cfg, download_pretrained

# Optional imports - these may not be available in all environments
try:
    from .openai import load_openai_model
except ImportError:
    load_openai_model = None

try:
    from .transform import image_transform
except ImportError:
    # Simple placeholder for image_transform
    def image_transform(image_size, is_train=True, mean=None, std=None, val_keep_ratio=True):
        from torchvision import transforms
        if mean is None:
            mean = OPENAI_DATASET_MEAN
        if std is None:
            std = OPENAI_DATASET_STD
        if is_train:
            return transforms.Compose([
                transforms.RandomResizedCrop(image_size),
                transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
                transforms.ToTensor(),
                transforms.Normalize(mean=mean, std=std)
            ])
        else:
            return transforms.Compose([
                transforms.Resize(image_size),
                transforms.CenterCrop(image_size),
                transforms.ToTensor(),
                transforms.Normalize(mean=mean, std=std)
            ])

try:
    from .tokenizer import HFTokenizer, tokenize
except ImportError:
    # Placeholder tokenizers
    class HFTokenizer:
        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
            raise NotImplementedError("HFTokenizer requires additional dependencies")
    
    def tokenize(*args, **kwargs):
        raise NotImplementedError("tokenize requires additional dependencies")

HF_HUB_PREFIX = 'hf-hub:'
_MODEL_CONFIG_PATHS = [Path(__file__).parent / f"model_configs/"]
# directory (model_name: config) of model architecture configs
_MODEL_CONFIGS = {}


def _natural_key(string_):
    return [int(s) if s.isdigit() else s for s in re.split(r'(\d+)', string_.lower())]


def _rescan_model_configs():
    global _MODEL_CONFIGS

    config_ext = ('.json',)
    config_files = []
    for config_path in _MODEL_CONFIG_PATHS:
        if config_path.is_file() and config_path.suffix in config_ext:
            config_files.append(config_path)
        elif config_path.is_dir():
            for ext in config_ext:
                config_files.extend(config_path.glob(f'*{ext}'))

    for cf in config_files:
        with open(cf, 'r') as f:
            model_cfg = json.load(f)
            if all(a in model_cfg for a in ('embed_dim', 'vision_cfg', 'text_cfg')):
                _MODEL_CONFIGS[cf.stem] = model_cfg

    _MODEL_CONFIGS = {k: v for k, v in sorted(
        _MODEL_CONFIGS.items(), key=lambda x: _natural_key(x[0]))}


_rescan_model_configs()  # initial populate of model config registry


def get_model_config(model_name):
    if model_name in _MODEL_CONFIGS:
        return deepcopy(_MODEL_CONFIGS[model_name])
    else:
        return None


def get_tokenizer(model_name):
    if model_name.startswith(HF_HUB_PREFIX):
        tokenizer = HFTokenizer(model_name[len(HF_HUB_PREFIX):])
    else:
        config = get_model_config(model_name)
        tokenizer = HFTokenizer(
            config['text_cfg']['hf_tokenizer_name']) if 'hf_tokenizer_name' in config['text_cfg'] else tokenize
    return tokenizer


def load_state_dict(checkpoint_path: str, map_location='cpu'):
    checkpoint = torch.load(checkpoint_path, map_location=map_location)
    if isinstance(checkpoint, dict) and 'state_dict' in checkpoint:
        state_dict = checkpoint['state_dict']
    else:
        state_dict = checkpoint
    if next(iter(state_dict.items()))[0].startswith('module'):
        state_dict = {k[7:]: v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
    return state_dict


def load_checkpoint(model, checkpoint_path, strict=True):
    state_dict = load_state_dict(checkpoint_path)
    resize_pos_embed(state_dict, model)
    incompatible_keys = model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=strict)
    return incompatible_keys


def load_pruned_checkpoint(model, checkpoint_path, strict=True):
    state_dict = load_state_dict(checkpoint_path)
    resize_pos_embed(state_dict, model)
    incompatible_keys = load_pruned_model(model, state_dict, strict=strict)
    return incompatible_keys


def create_model(
        model_name: str,
        pretrained: str = '',
        precision: str = 'fp32',
        device: torch.device = torch.device('cpu'),
        jit: bool = False,
        force_quick_gelu: bool = False,
        pretrained_image: bool = False,
        cache_dir: Optional[str] = None,
        args=None,
):
    # for callers using old naming with / in ViT names
    model_name = model_name.replace('/', '-')
    if pretrained.lower() == 'openai':
        if load_openai_model is None:
            raise RuntimeError("load_openai_model is not available. Please install required dependencies.")
        logging.info(f'Loading pretrained {model_name} from OpenAI.')
        model = load_openai_model(
            model_name, device=device, jit=jit, cache_dir=cache_dir)
        # See https://discuss.pytorch.org/t/valueerror-attemting-to-unscale-fp16-gradients/81372
        if precision == "amp" or precision == "fp32":
            model = model.float()
    else:
        if model_name in _MODEL_CONFIGS:
            logging.info(f'Loading {model_name} model config.')
            model_cfg = deepcopy(_MODEL_CONFIGS[model_name])
        else:
            logging.error(
                f'Model config for {model_name} not found; available models {list_models()}.')
            raise RuntimeError(f'Model config for {model_name} not found.')

        if force_quick_gelu:
            # override for use of QuickGELU on non-OpenAI transformer models
            model_cfg["quick_gelu"] = True

        if pretrained_image:
            if 'timm_model_name' in model_cfg.get('vision_cfg', {}):
                # pretrained weight loading for timm models set via vision_cfg
                model_cfg['vision_cfg']['timm_model_pretrained'] = True
            else:
                assert False, 'pretrained image towers currently only supported for timm models'
        if args is not None:
            model_cfg['mask_image'] = getattr(args, 'prune_image', False)
            model_cfg['mask_text'] = getattr(args, 'prune_text', False)
            model_cfg['sparsity_warmup'] = getattr(
                args, 'sparsity_warmup', 1000)
            model_cfg['start_sparsity'] = getattr(args, 'start_sparsity', 0.0)
            model_cfg['sparsity'] = getattr(args, 'target_sparsity', 0.25)
            logging.info(
                f'model sparsity varies from {model_cfg["start_sparsity"]} to {model_cfg["sparsity"]}, sparsity warmup steps: {model_cfg["sparsity_warmup"]}')

        logging.info(str(model_cfg))
        auto_weight_inheritance = model_cfg.get('mask_image', False) or \
            model_cfg.get('mask_text', False)

        model = CLIP(**model_cfg)
        pretrained_cfg = {}
        if pretrained:
            checkpoint_path = ''
            pretrained_cfg = get_pretrained_cfg(model_name, pretrained)
            if pretrained_cfg:
                checkpoint_path = download_pretrained(
                    pretrained_cfg, cache_dir=cache_dir)
            elif os.path.exists(pretrained):
                checkpoint_path = pretrained

            if checkpoint_path:
                logging.info(
                    f'Loading pretrained {model_name} weights ({pretrained}).')
                if not auto_weight_inheritance:
                    load_checkpoint(model, checkpoint_path)
                else:
                    load_pruned_checkpoint(model, checkpoint_path)
                    model = prune_model(model)
            else:
                logging.warning(
                    f'Pretrained weights ({pretrained}) not found for model {model_name}.')
                raise RuntimeError(
                    f'Pretrained weights ({pretrained}) not found for model {model_name}.')

        model.to(device=device)
        if precision == "fp16":
            assert device.type != 'cpu'
            convert_weights_to_fp16(model)

        # set image / mean metadata from pretrained_cfg if available, or use default
        if 'davit' in model_name.lower():
            pretrained_cfg['mean'] = [0.485, 0.456, 0.406]
            pretrained_cfg['std'] = [0.229, 0.224, 0.225]
        model.visual.image_mean = pretrained_cfg.get(
            'mean', None) or OPENAI_DATASET_MEAN
        model.visual.image_std = pretrained_cfg.get(
            'std', None) or OPENAI_DATASET_STD

        if jit:
            model = torch.jit.script(model)
    
    return model


def create_model_and_transforms(
        model_name: str,
        pretrained: str = '',
        precision: str = 'fp32',
        device: torch.device = torch.device('cpu'),
        jit: bool = False,
        force_quick_gelu: bool = False,
        pretrained_image: bool = False,
        image_mean: Optional[Tuple[float, ...]] = None,
        image_std: Optional[Tuple[float, ...]] = None,
        cache_dir: Optional[str] = None,
        args=None,
):
    model = create_model(
        model_name, pretrained, precision, device, jit,
        force_quick_gelu=force_quick_gelu,
        pretrained_image=pretrained_image,
        cache_dir=cache_dir,
        args=args)

    image_mean = image_mean or getattr(model.visual, 'image_mean', None)
    image_std = image_std or getattr(model.visual, 'image_std', None)
    val_keep_ratio = 'davit' not in model_name.lower()
    preprocess_train = image_transform(
        model.visual.image_size, is_train=True, mean=image_mean, std=image_std)
    preprocess_val = image_transform(model.visual.image_size, is_train=False,
                                     mean=image_mean, std=image_std, val_keep_ratio=val_keep_ratio)
    return model, preprocess_train, preprocess_val


def list_models():
    """ enumerate available model architectures based on config files """
    return list(_MODEL_CONFIGS.keys())


def add_model_config(path):
    """ add model config path or file and update registry """
    if not isinstance(path, Path):
        path = Path(path)
    _MODEL_CONFIG_PATHS.append(path)
    _rescan_model_configs()


def load_exp(name, device='cpu'):
    assert '@' in name
    teacher_model_name, teacher_pretrained = name.split('@')
    return create_model_and_transforms(teacher_model_name, pretrained=teacher_pretrained)


def load_model(name, device='cpu'):
    return load_exp(name, device)[0]