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# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
"""Image preprocessing utilities (resize with padding, etc.).
Vendored from openpi_client.image_tools (original at
``openpi/packages/openpi-client/src/openpi_client/image_tools.py``) so that
inference clients can share the same resize behavior without forcing
``openpi_client`` as a runtime dep for non-openpi backends. Kept
semantically identical to the upstream.
"""
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
def convert_to_uint8(img: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
"""Convert a float image to uint8.
Reduces the size of the image when sending it over the network.
"""
if np.issubdtype(img.dtype, np.floating):
img = (255 * img).astype(np.uint8)
return img
def resize_with_pad(
images: np.ndarray, height: int, width: int, method=Image.BILINEAR
) -> np.ndarray:
"""Replicates ``tf.image.resize_with_pad`` for a batch of images using PIL.
Resizes while preserving aspect ratio and pads the remainder with zeros.
Args:
images: Batch of images in ``[..., height, width, channel]`` format.
height: Target height.
width: Target width.
method: PIL interpolation method. Default is bilinear.
Returns:
Resized images in ``[..., height, width, channel]``.
"""
if images.shape[-3:-1] == (height, width):
return images
original_shape = images.shape
images = images.reshape(-1, *original_shape[-3:])
resized = np.stack(
[_resize_with_pad_pil(Image.fromarray(im), height, width, method=method) for im in images]
)
return resized.reshape(*original_shape[:-3], *resized.shape[-3:])
def _resize_with_pad_pil(image: Image.Image, height: int, width: int, method: int) -> Image.Image:
"""Resize one PIL image to target size without distortion, padding with zeros.
Note: PIL uses ``(width, height, channel)`` ordering.
"""
cur_width, cur_height = image.size
if cur_width == width and cur_height == height:
return image
ratio = max(cur_width / width, cur_height / height)
resized_height = int(cur_height / ratio)
resized_width = int(cur_width / ratio)
resized_image = image.resize((resized_width, resized_height), resample=method)
zero_image = Image.new(resized_image.mode, (width, height), 0)
pad_height = max(0, int((height - resized_height) / 2))
pad_width = max(0, int((width - resized_width) / 2))
zero_image.paste(resized_image, (pad_width, pad_height))
assert zero_image.size == (width, height)
return zero_image