Question: what causes people to fall asleep rocking on a chair?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 what causes people to fall asleep rocking on a chair?

Rocking in a chair while holding a baby simulates the same feelings for the baby of being in the womb and the mother walking. At a very deep level, this would be one of your most calm and safe memories / feelings from as long as your body and remember. This state of mind (calm, at ease) is where you can easily fall asleep. Carry that forward into adulthood and it’s basically a learned habit to fall asleep when relaxed, and rocking relaxed me because it always has since before my logical mind can remember.


Question: Why do 4k videos look cleaner on a 1080p panel than 1080p videos?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do 4k videos look cleaner on a 1080p panel than 1080p videos?

Yes they actually do look better for several reasons: They are less compressed and have more bitrate And when displayed on a lower resolution screen it averages out the pixels to only one, so it makes the image look higher resolution because it has more “knowledge” of what’s really there


Question: how do people launder money through artwork?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 how do people launder money through artwork?

The value of art is *extremely* subjective, and can be artificially inflated through a series of auctions. If you own a given lump of gold by contrast, it's worth a specific market price. A painting is worth whatever someone is willing to pay for it, right? Moreover you can work through cutouts and the seller might well be anonymous even in legitimate transactions. So, lets say you have $1 million in dirty money, and you want to send it from Country A to Country B, and have someone there clean the money. You could have a seller of a piece of worthless art in Country B sell that art to you for $1 million bucks. It cost them nothing to buy the art, and what's really happening is that you're just straight-up paying them a million dollars. Now they have your million (no longer dirty) and you have some worthless art you can throw away, or keep moving around to launder more money. The guy in Country B then ships you a certain amount of cocaine worth the $1m you transferred, minus a percentage for his trouble. You could also have them invest that money in something with real value in your name, or any number of other tricks. The bottom line is that art sale is key to transfer money from A to B or visa versa, without having to justify the amount of money being moved or actually having to buy/sell something of value in exchange. You could also buy and sell a real piece of valuable art, as a way to store/transfer value. You could pay someone by selling them a nice piece of art at a bargain, which they can then sell on for its real price. URL_0


Question: Why do bitter foods and drinks taste better as we get older?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do bitter foods and drinks taste better as we get older?

I'm not an expert but I think I've read that when you are very young, bitter tastes your body interprets as a poison or dangerous. After repeated exposure the distaste fades and can grow into a liking


Question: Why do we find B.O. unappealing if it's something that occurs naturally (and often while we're relatively clean)?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do we find B.O. unappealing if it's something that occurs naturally (and often while we're relatively clean)?

I used to be friendly with a homeless guy who hung around outside a bar I used to frequent, and despite being homeless and looking the part, and not even setting foot inside the bar, he managed to go home with women like ALL the time. It was nuts. Some girl would step outside to smoke, or linger before leaving, and he would manage to strike up a conversation with her, charm her, and they'd leave together. Sometimes this all took maybe 10 minutes, tops. I couldn't understand it. Finally, one night I asked him about it. He told me his "secret" is that he would stick his hands down his pants, rub his groin area, and then rub that scent onto his neck, and it worked as an aphrodisiac. When I expressed my disbelief (and disgust), he reminded me that we're all animals, and no matter where he was, there was always going to be a steady supply of women who were at just the right point in their menstrual cycles as to make them extra available and legitimately receptive to the smell of his dickcheese. Crazy as it sounds, I saw him go home with a lot of women, so maybe there's something to it. All that is to say, I think we've been conditioned by a cosmetics industry selling us fragrances to believe that our natural scents are unappealing. And I think that is rooted in wealth, or at least the illusion of it. If you don't have BO then I guess it isn't required of you to make much physical effort, which means you must be rich. But if society were to crumble and we all became cavemen again, I think we'd find natural body odors more appealing again. Just ask Dickcheese the Homeless.


Question: can you die of exposure at 37°F?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 can you die of exposure at 37°F?

Definitely. That's some pretty cold weather there, and if not properly insulated, you'll lose body heat faster than your body can generate it. Stay like that long enough, and it will eventually lead to hypothermia and death.


Question: What kind of "data structure" is a memory in our brain (e.g. sensory, olfactory or visual)? Is a memory some kind of chemical "data" inside a neuron, or physical (some neural connection) or something else?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 What kind of "data structure" is a memory in our brain (e.g. sensory, olfactory or visual)? Is a memory some kind of chemical "data" inside a neuron, or physical (some neural connection) or something else?

In many ways the brain is still a mystery to is, but it's generally understood that memories are stored as the connections between our neurons. When we 'learn' something new, new connections are created.


Question: Why do bubbles in any form of water rise in a zig zag pattern and not straight?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do bubbles in any form of water rise in a zig zag pattern and not straight?

As the bubbles rise to the surface they leave an unsteady set of alternating vortices behind. This phenomenon is known as the [Kármán vortex street ]( URL_0 ) You can imagine each vortex pulling the liquid on alternating direcions giving rise to the zig-zag.


Question: Why are members of congress allowed to accept money from organizations such as the NRA?

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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why are members of congress allowed to accept money from organizations such as the NRA?

Still- I do not think it is the NRA money that gives the NRA power, but the solidarity of their voting block


Question: Why do people want power and control?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 Why do people want power and control?

Evolution favors it. People with lots of power are more likely to command resources that benefit their offspring, increasing their survival rate.


Question: Why is the currency is some countries that are generally considered to have poorer economic standing more "powerful" than more wealthy countries?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is the currency is some countries that are generally considered to have poorer economic standing more "powerful" than more wealthy countries?

That absolute values of currencies dont really matter, what matters is if they increase or decrease in value compared to other currencies.


Question: - How do octopi have active camouflage?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 - How do octopi have active camouflage?

The animal either knows it’s in a light or dark part of the water environment, or it uses its eyes (which are differently than ours) to mimic surrounding colors to actively copy immediately surrounding imagery: like textures and colors. It’s active because it adapts as the surrounding changes, it’s camouflage because the opposite is to confuse by dazzling prey and predators through contrast (I think that’s because of distance recognition and shape rather than camouflage).


Question: Where does nervous laughter come from?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
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<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Where does nervous laughter come from?

It's a reaction, that scientist theorize, as a means of emotional self-regulation; a means of compensating when one emotion starts to get out of hand. We experience this when something is unbearably adorable, and you feel like you have to squish it; or when you get so happy, that you start to cry, or so mad that you break into hysterical laughter. We're pretty awkward with our emotions from an animistic perspective.


Question: what form does the energy released from the fusion of two hydrogen atoms take? Heat, light, etc. and how much?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 what form does the energy released from the fusion of two hydrogen atoms take? Heat, light, etc. and how much?

URL_0 Mostly gamma rays (photons) and neutrinos. So, light.


Question: If a battery stores power in chemical reactions and supercapacitors store power as charge, what is the key enabler that is now making solid state batteries practical, and how is this different from high-discharge batteries or supercapacitors?

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<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 If a battery stores power in chemical reactions and supercapacitors store power as charge, what is the key enabler that is now making solid state batteries practical, and how is this different from high-discharge batteries or supercapacitors?

The innovation is a ceramic layer that sits between the cathode and anode and is what puts the "solid" in "solid state" (as opposed to a non-solid separator). This layer ferries lithium ions from one terminal to another, and critically stops the formation of lithium dentrites (tiny metal spikes that form when lithium batteries charge) from connecting the two sides of the battery and forming short circuits. This working ceramic layer is the new tech that makes the solid state battery practical.


Question: Why does Putin go through the process of an election?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does Putin go through the process of an election?

Plausible deniability is a big deal. It's one thing that "everyone knows" it's bull and actually being able to prove it is a whole another thing. Also because any adverse reactions by the West can then be used as internal propaganda to reinforce the idea that the West is opposed to Russia. Us vs them mentality is a strong thing.


Question: Why do some electronic screens look weird at certain angles?

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<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do some electronic screens look weird at certain angles?

Most screens these days are Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). It works by shining a light through a filter that only allows light that is twisted horizontally through. (Polarising Filter) Then there's a liquid crystal that either twists it until it's vertical or lets it through unchanged. Then there's another Filter that only lets through vertically twisted light. When you view it from any direction except ahead, all this filtering causes the light to get filtered out or get filtered out wrong.


Question: How was it that the "boomer" generation was able to afford as much as they did with the types of jobs they worked, and why is it not like that anymore?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How was it that the "boomer" generation was able to afford as much as they did with the types of jobs they worked, and why is it not like that anymore?

The cost of living has gone up substantially, and at a much faster rate than incomes URL_0


Question: Studies show boxers can punch with 776 pounds of force (source inside). How is it that humans can withstand several of these and remain conscious, but if 776 pounds were dropped on our head we’d die instantly?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Studies show boxers can punch with 776 pounds of force (source inside). How is it that humans can withstand several of these and remain conscious, but if 776 pounds were dropped on our head we’d die instantly?

776 pounds of force a boxer is hit with represents setting (not dropping) that much weight on your head for a fraction of a second while laying on a really soft mattress. It wouldn't be pleasant, but very survivable. Dropping that much weight represents a significantly larger amount of force. 776 pounds might sound like a lot, but when we are talking about instantaneous force, it really isn't. An adult male runner exerts about 1000 pounds with each step, but his feet and ankles handle it just fine.


Question: How come the first 100 digits of Pi is enough to calculate the diameter of the solar system down to a grain of sand?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
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 How come the first 100 digits of Pi is enough to calculate the diameter of the solar system down to a grain of sand?

That's wayyyyyy more decimal places than you need. With just 36 digits of pi you could calculate the circumference of the *observable universe* down to 1 angstrom which is roughly the diameter of a hydrogen atom. There's only 36 orders of magnitude between the diameter of the observable universe(~10^26 meters) and the diameter of a hydrogen atom (10^-10 meters). Its estimated that there are no more than 10^82 atoms in the universe so you should never ever need more than 82 digits to categorize something extremely precisely.


Question: How does a wireless phone charger work? How can the phone receive more energy without being connected at all?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does a wireless phone charger work? How can the phone receive more energy without being connected at all?

The charging base has an electromagnetic transmitter, and in your phone is a receiver that is connected to your battery charging circuit. basically, they are both magnets. Electricity and magnetism are related, and you can use the difference of potential and oscillation (think of it as a magnetic vibration) to generate electricity. So think of it like this - the plug in the wall brings the electricity to the charging base, which changes it in to a magnetic field. The receiver in your phone converts this magnetic field back to electricity which it uses to charge your phone.


Question: Why do people pass out/feel like they're about to, if the suddenly go from very warm water to very cold water or vice versa?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do people pass out/feel like they're about to, if the suddenly go from very warm water to very cold water or vice versa?

It's because of the mammalian diving reflex. We experience bradycardia (slow heart rate) and vasoconstriction. Essentially all of our oxygenated blood is shunted to vital areas (Brain, heart, and lungs)only. This conserves oxygen allowing us to endure the cold water for a longer period of time for the best possible chance at survival. Unfortunately in non life threatening situations it can make is feel like we're going to pass out. This "hack" is actually used as a first line treatment by physicians when a patient has a rapid heart rate.


Question: How do words get mapped to concepts within the brain?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do words get mapped to concepts within the brain?

Hebbian learning is a concept in neuroscience that says neurons that fire together wire together. In terms of biology this means when two neurons fire at or about the same time, the synaptic connection between them strengthens and the likelihood of them firing together in the future increases. When you hear a word, you hear it in a context. That context is represented in your brain by the current set of firing neurons. The word you heard is also represented by a set of firing neurons. So according to Hebbian theory, the set of context neurons and the set of word neurons will “wire together” more strongly. Over time, this wiring will become more specific as your hear the word in different contexts.


Question: How do stains... stain anything exactly. Any stain on any surface I’m really interested in this?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do stains... stain anything exactly. Any stain on any surface I’m really interested in this?

I can help a little. If you want to know about clothing stains; know that some fabrics like water and absorb and spread it easily. Other fabrics don’t. The terms are hydrophilic and hydrophobic. More generally it seems like the permeability of a surface or material would be factor.


Question: If the majority of the population and pollution is situated in the northern hemisphere.. then why is the hole in the ozone layer situated in the southern hemisphere over Antarctica?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 If the majority of the population and pollution is situated in the northern hemisphere.. then why is the hole in the ozone layer situated in the southern hemisphere over Antarctica?

During spring, the polar winds sweep around Antarctica and create a polar vortex (similar to a bubble). This traps ozone-depleting chemicals like CFCs and Halocarbons. This phenomenon does not happen at the North Pole due to landmass like Siberia and Canada disrupting the air currents and weakening the polar vortex.


Question: Why people with insulin resistance can use injected insulin?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why people with insulin resistance can use injected insulin?

Insulin resistance is not the same as insulin immunity. A patient with type 2 diabetes has functioning insulin receptors, but these don’t work as effectively as in normal people. Their ability to control blood glucose is only reduced. Injecting insulin (human, synthetic or animal) will raise the insulin levels in the blood, further activating the insulin receptors. This increases the insulin-controlled response of muscle, fat and liver cells, and they begin absorbing blood glucose. So it’s not that other insulin is more effective, it’s just a higher quantity of insulin raising the weakened response back to normal. Of course, you have to deal with the side effects of injecting insulin (Low blood sugar - > fainting, coma, lethargy, hassle and cost of injections, risks of infection etc). As type 2 diabetes progresses over the years, insulin-producing cells in the pancreas can be slowly destroyed. The patient will then also have type-1 diabetes, so they will then need insulin injections to replace the lost production of insulin.


Question: What is falsetto, and how is it different from normal singing?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is falsetto, and how is it different from normal singing?

Your normal voice is modal. It's "the optimal combination of airflow and glottal tension that yields maximum vibration." It's basically the way you hold your vocal cords to give yourself the maximum vibration. Falsetto is when you vibrate "the ligamentous edges of the vocal cords, in whole or in part." This create a higher pitched sound. So the normal voice uses the mucus membrane part of your vocal cords to produce sound. Mucus membrane is the kind of tissue you feel on the inside of your gums. It's different from ligamentous tissue, which is the tough fibrous elastic tissue that connects bones and cartilage inside your body. So if you are using your normal, comfortable voice, it's going to be modal since that's the optimal balance point for making a vibration. If you purposefully try to speak in a high pitched voice and end up using the ligamentous part of your vocal cords, it's falsetto. [This video has a lot of great examples of someone using his modal and falsetto voices.]( URL_0 ) You can really tell the difference between the way they sound.


Question: Why does the air behind a fan seem relatively undisturbed while the air in front of a fan is gusting?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does the air behind a fan seem relatively undisturbed while the air in front of a fan is gusting?

The air from behind is being drawn in from all directions, but it's being pushed out as a column in a single direction.


Question: Why do we say "dehydrated" instead of "Malhydrated". And "malnourished" instead of "denourished"?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do we say "dehydrated" instead of "Malhydrated". And "malnourished" instead of "denourished"?

Dehydration is the lack of hydration, whereas malnourishment doesn't mean you're not getting nourishment, just bad nourishment. One is the absence, the other is just low quality.


Question: Why do we instinctively got scared to insects like they can kill us so easily even though some are harmless?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do we instinctively got scared to insects like they can kill us so easily even though some are harmless?

Some bugs are poisonous, others venomous, some like to lay eggs in our bodies or drink our blood, almost all spread sickness and disease in some way. I'm sure many of our ancestors who did not find insects creepy or disgusting ended up learning of the threat they posed eventually. Those who were too squicked out to mess with them were just a tiiiny bit more likely to breed before dying. And now we're here, where I can't even look at a spider without entering a lovecraftian state of insanity.


Question: Why does visible heat* have a shadow if it isn’t causing an absence of light?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does visible heat* have a shadow if it isn’t causing an absence of light?

When air gets hot, it changes the density so you have swirling patches of hotter & cooler air. Air of different densities passes light differently, creating those shadows.


Question: Why do eyeglass lenses cast shadows when they're transparent?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do eyeglass lenses cast shadows when they're transparent?

They change the path of light going through them. They take the light that would have fallen in the area of their shadow and project it into a larger or smaller area. Some area seems a shadow by comparison, but take a close look. Often some area is by the edge brighter as well. That area is getting all the normal light plus the light that made the shadow.


Question: how do fans make the air colder if the temperature is the speed of the molecules and the fan just moves them around faster?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 how do fans make the air colder if the temperature is the speed of the molecules and the fan just moves them around faster?

Fans don't make the air colder, fans help you (or any other heat source) cool off more efficiently. When the air isn't moving, the heat source just heats the air around it to its temperature and then the heat spreads very slowly. Fans constantly drive new cold air to the heat source to prevent that. If the air is hotter than the thing you need to cool off, fans or wind would actually make things worse. For example, a 40-degree (Celsius) wind in the desert will cause you to overheat faster than you would normally do.


Question: How did the whale species get bigger and bigger over millions of years but other species got smaller and smaller?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How did the whale species get bigger and bigger over millions of years but other species got smaller and smaller?

The whales got bigger because of adaptations that allowed them to survive in their ocean environment. The thing about terrestrial animals is they can only take being so big in a certain environment, the dinosaurs got so big because the atmosphere was sufficiently enriched with oxygen to allow them to. If a whale tried to go on land it'd die because the different gravity would slowly crush them to death, it's why a whale is in so much danger when it gets beached.


Question: Why do uncertainties deviate away from the answer the larger the uncertainty is?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do uncertainties deviate away from the answer the larger the uncertainty is?

Because half the time, the deviations will have opposite sign, so they will at least partially cancel out. Which makes the extremes less likely. This is related to the law of large numbers.


Question: What is the "silver squeeze"?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What is the "silver squeeze"?

The "silver" refers to the metal, while "squeeze" refers to a short squeeze. The basic idea is that commodities such as metals are sold in the same way as stock shares, and the idea of "buy low, sell high" holds. If you think silver is going to get more expensive then you buy now and sell at the higher price. If you think the price is going to drop you sell what you have... but what if you don't have any and want to make money anyway? What you do is something called "shorting". You borrow the silver from someone (for a fee) and sell it immediately at the current price. Then when it goes down in the future and you need to return the borrowed silver you buy it at the current price and return it. If you do this well the difference between what you sold it at and what you bought at is enough to cover the borrowing fee plus make a profit! Now the problem is that if you do such a "short" then you need to get silver to return what you borrowed. You *need* this silver, whatever the going rate is. If a bunch of people are needing this silver then those who have silver can "squeeze" the market by just holding onto what they have, refusing to sell. This will drive the price higher as the short contracts become due, making those who squeezed a bunch of money and losing those who shorted tons as well. With Covid a lot of people got nervous and started to buy up gold and silver. Now the scare is starting to taper off and the price was expected to fall back to normal, meaning lots of shorts were happening. Then the silver market started to get squeezed...


Question: Why does it feel good when you blow on a stinging cut?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does it feel good when you blow on a stinging cut?

It's called: [Gate control theory.]( URL_0 ) Basically a non-painful sensation closes the "gate" of the painful sensation temporarily.


Question: Why is the world in debt? who do we owe the money to?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is the world in debt? who do we owe the money to?

Governments need more funds than they collect in tax revenue, so they borrow money by issuing bonds. The money is borrowed from investors, both individuals and (primarily) institutional investors like retirement and pension funds, university endowments, insurance companies. About 70% of US debt is owed to American investors while the other 30% is owed to foreign investors, companies, and some foreign government investments (like soverign wealth funds).


Question: How do countries get out of a recession?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do countries get out of a recession?

When people are not working and doing things eventually prices begin to fall for materials, for labor etc. As prices fall return on investment for projects rises so people and companies begin to invest again Seeking those now higher returns thus pulling the economy out of recession. Companies need to hire to take advantage of opportunities thus raising the price of labor after a while and putting more money to work in the economy so consumers have more to spend and more confidence that they can spend thus raising the price level of goods. Government action can help this process along massively but that is the basic mechanism.


Question: How exactly does product-placement work in movies? Do the producers ask for example nike to pay them and they use their stuff? Or do they just say 'we need a sport brand, who wants the spot'?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How exactly does product-placement work in movies? Do the producers ask for example nike to pay them and they use their stuff? Or do they just say 'we need a sport brand, who wants the spot'?

Probaby both. The product marketing people are looking for opportunities to make their brand visible. The movie producers are looking for ways to fund the production.


Question: What would happen if all bees go extinct and how would this have a negative consequence on the planet?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What would happen if all bees go extinct and how would this have a negative consequence on the planet?

Generally. An event that would cause a mass extinction of bees would probably also do a lot of damage to human beings in term of environmental cause. But outside of the very, very, very unlikely chance just bees went extinct, It would cause massive ecological shock, while we have other forms of pollinating insects, bees are the main drive behind most things like agriculture, food production, flower propagation and reproduction of a good deal of fruit bearing and flowering trees


Question: Why do movies look weird in 60fps?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do movies look weird in 60fps?

Weird is subjective but probably cause the industry standard for films is 24fps so you’re just not used to 60fps


Question: Why does the United States always appear on the left side of a map?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does the United States always appear on the left side of a map?

because the maps you're looking at has the US on the left side. Europe centered maps are popular in western countries. other maps don't have the US on left side. example of a Asian centric map. URL_0 in most maps, it's advantageous to have the sides of the map be somewhere insignificant, like middle of the ocean where nobody lives. there are 2 great areas like that, the atlantic ocean and the pacific ocean. most maps you've seen use the pacific ocean as the divide.


Question: Why when we look at or say a particular word too much in a short amount of time do we think it “looks” or “sounds” wrong or has no meaning?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why when we look at or say a particular word too much in a short amount of time do we think it “looks” or “sounds” wrong or has no meaning?

A cognitive phenomenon called semantic satiation causes this. Basically what we think happens is that in the brain, there are specific patterns of neutron activity linked to recognising the meanings of words. If you repeat the word over and over (or, interestingly, read the word over and over) the brain starts seeing the constant reaction of this same pattern over and over again as strange, and 'turns it down' so to speak. The brain is good at this, it doesn't want your cognitive processes to get 'hung up' on a certain pattern or stimulus like a computer with a frozen program, so it will naturally turn them down if they are repeated. The result is that with the pattern that recognises meaning temporarily suppressed you start hearing/reading the sound rather than the meaning.


Question: Where does my bellybutton go?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Where does my bellybutton go?

Medical student here Your belly button is the artifact left behind of your umbilical cord. Once you are birthed, they snip the cord a few inches off the base. After a few days it drys up and falls off because no nutrients are being received. The inside part of the cord is connected to the bladder, the gut, and the main vein that goes to the heart called the Vena Cava. Since your body has no need for those structures, they just get broken down by the body. Sometimes, they aren’t fully broken down and can cause a cyst or a full on opening such as a Meckel’s diverticulum or Patent Urachus. Usually these need to be closed or removed surgically.


Question: Why does humid heat feel so much hotter than dry heat?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does humid heat feel so much hotter than dry heat?

The humidity, or moisture, in the air makes it more difficult for the sweat to evaporate off of the skin which is the body's way of cooling off.


Question: How come radio waves can travel through a concrete wall, but visible light cant?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How come radio waves can travel through a concrete wall, but visible light cant?

When EM waves interact with a material as waves, the spacing between the atoms / molecules of the material matters; the wavelength has to be able to "squeeze" through the spaces between atoms. It's like sea waves: a wavelength will pass through [this]( URL_1 ) but will be blocked by [this]( URL_0 ).


Question: When we focus on a moving object we can smoothly move our eyes however if nothing is there we cant smoothly move them from left to right?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 When we focus on a moving object we can smoothly move our eyes however if nothing is there we cant smoothly move them from left to right?

Horizontal saccades (eye movements) feel like they are smooth, but they aren't. They are always somewhat jerky, but your brain corrects the visual input so that you interpret it as smooth movement. When you have a moving object this allows the brain's "correction software" to do a more convincing job of making you think it was a smooth movement.


Question: How does a virus like "Petya" lock a computer so that it can't just simply be deleted, and how do the makers receive the ransom money without their identities being disclosed?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How does a virus like "Petya" lock a computer so that it can't just simply be deleted, and how do the makers receive the ransom money without their identities being disclosed?

> how does a virus like "Petya" lock a computer so that it can't just simply be deleted The software takes everything on the hard-drive and encrypts it. Everything, including OS that gets loaded at bootup. So when it reboots, instead of grabbing the OS you expect it to grab, the virus have it load itself. Computers run and operate out of RAM, but that goes away when you turn it off. When a computer boots up, it's loading software from the hard-drive to RAM. (Which is why SSDs make bootup times faster). > and how do the makers receive the ransom money without their identities being disclosed? Typically bit-coin. With the right key to a bundle of bit-coins, they can sell that to other people for cash. Their "bit-coin" ID is forever stamped into the logs, but there's no real way to associate that ID with their real ID.


Question: Why is it that the urgency of having to urinate grows by 2-3 times as soon as you enter the bathroom?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it that the urgency of having to urinate grows by 2-3 times as soon as you enter the bathroom?

It's a learned behaviour. You go to the bathroom to urinate. Your body and mind understand this and are prepared to do this because that is why you enter the bathroom. Trained responses for your body create a sensation that addresses the urge to urniate coupled with the training you have been put through to pee in the toilet in the bathroom.


Question: What promotes a better immune system, being sick and recovering (with or without medication) frequently or avoiding being sick as much as possible?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What promotes a better immune system, being sick and recovering (with or without medication) frequently or avoiding being sick as much as possible?

One important note here is that being "sick" and preparing your immune system are not the same thing. Someone working outdoors, getting occasional scrapes and breathing in pollen and detritus is giving his immune system a workout (to oversimplify) and someone trapping themselves in a sterile climate controlled room is not. The adventurous person is more likely to encounter pathogens, and one or more of them might be of a dangerous enough variety that they get sick. The person hiding from germs isn't as likely to encounter pathogens, but could get very sick from pathogens that the adventurous person's body would fight off before they noticed any symptoms. Their is no "what is better" because life is too dynamic and circumstantial.


Question: How can one infinity be "larger" than another if they're both infinite?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How can one infinity be "larger" than another if they're both infinite?

Mathematicians say that a set has equal size to another set when you can pair each element of one set with one element of the other set and vice versa. For example the sets {1,2,3} and {4,5,6} have equal size because one can pair 1 < --- > 4 2 < --- > 5 3 < --- > 6. Similarly the natural numbers {0,1,2,3,4,...} and the whole numbers {...,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,...} are of equal size because one can pair 0 < --- > 0 -1 < --- > 1 1 < ---- > 2 -2 < --- > 3 2 < --- > 4 . . . and so on. So you always pair every naturual number n with 2 * n and every negative number -m with 2*m-1. So you always have a pair. This does, however, not always work. For example the set of all real numbers (numbers with infinitely many decimal places) cannot be paired up in this way with the natural numbers. One can show that in every possible pairing which uses up all natural numbers there are still unpaired real numbers. Because there are always left over real numbers mathematicians say that the set of real numbers is lager than the set of natural numbers. EDIT: If you are intersted in the argument why we cannot pair the real and the natural numbers check out /u/40oz_coffee's comment about Cantor's diagonal argument.


Question: What happens to extended warranties from Sears if/when they file for bankruptcy?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What happens to extended warranties from Sears if/when they file for bankruptcy?

Usually the warranty is with a separate party. If that is the case, the warranty should be fine. If Sears holds the warranty, and they go under, chances are the warranty will be no good.


Question: how do objects keep their shape?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 how do objects keep their shape?

Atoms are usually held together by many many many bonds between them. These bonds form due to several different attractions between the positive nuclei and negative electron shells. There are several different kinds of these bonds, and I don't think you need to know all of them, but suffice to say that they tend to be quite rigid. When atoms stick together, the simplest example being a salt crystal, the positive and negative atoms arrange themselves in a checkerboard pattern and then these checkerboard patterns stack. They resist force because the atoms don't want to slide past one another. When you stretch something, the bonds between atoms stretch or compress slightly. When you push hard enough, the atoms slip past one another. The reason that a pencil doesn't stick to your hand is that when you hold a pencil there is actually very little touching area between your fingers and the pencil. There is a tiny gap of air in most of the space that seems to be touching. This prevents the atoms from bonding. If two perfectly flat surfaces were rubbed together, especially if they were of similar materials, they would stick. If you look up optical flats you might get an idea of what I mean.


Question: What does % chance of rain really mean?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What does % chance of rain really mean?

> They’d be better off just saying 50% every day and always being right. Except that it doesn't rain 50% of the time, so I don't see how that would be right. Rain probabilities are derived from current weather data like wind, temperature, air pressure, humidity, dew point, and so on. Over a long period of time, those percentages should correlate with what is observed.


Question: Why do they sell things ending in 99 cents and not round it up to the nearest dollar?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do they sell things ending in 99 cents and not round it up to the nearest dollar?

It's a pyschological thing, would you be willing to pay 100$ instead of 99.99$? Most would not.


Question: Since the stomach is kidney shaped, with the Pyloric sphincter positioned to the right and up slightly from the bottom of the stomach, how does your body move food/liquid from the stomach to the small intestine when laying down on the side opposite to the opening (left side)?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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- Do not include any text or commentary before the opening <thinking> tag or after the closing </answer> tag.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Since the stomach is kidney shaped, with the Pyloric sphincter positioned to the right and up slightly from the bottom of the stomach, how does your body move food/liquid from the stomach to the small intestine when laying down on the side opposite to the opening (left side)?

The entire digestive tract from your esophagus to your rectum is basically one big tube engulfed inmuscles. These muscles contract periodically to push your stomach content towards your bottom end, and they are strong enough to force it against gravity - though it makes it more difficult/slows it down when you are in a position where gravity opposes this direction.


Question: How are names translated in sign language?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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- Do not include any text or commentary between the closing </thinking> tag and the opening <answer> tag.
For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How are names translated in sign language?

To expand on u/its2late's correct answer - When there's a word / concept that doesn't have a direct sign, often there will be a temporary sign created for the duration of the conversation. The signer fingerspells the word, then indicates the representative handsign they're going to use. For example, if two ASL signers are discussing lycanthropy, one may fingerspell the word, then assign it a sign like `handshape for L which moves in a down-and-out motion` (like a wolf howling). The two signers then use that temporary sign for the remainder of the discussion. If you hang out with Deaf community folks you might get a Sign Name, which is basically an ASL custom sign for you that is used consistently.


Question: The differences between WiFi, cellular data, and Bluetooth on a technical level?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 The differences between WiFi, cellular data, and Bluetooth on a technical level?

They're all ways to communicate by radio transmission. Really the difference at base level is what frequency and what protocols they use. At the physical level, they're all the same as your car radio.


Question: Why does alchohol tend to make you more social than usual?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does alchohol tend to make you more social than usual?

Alcohol effectively slows down how quickly your brain cells work, but it doesn't do this equally to all of them, which is why you don't find yourself struggling to breath after a drink or two. The result of certain parts of the brain being "calmed" in this way is that your inhibitions are reduced, for better or worse. The more you drink, the less your higher functions... function, and in moderation that makes you more social, more open. Too much and it makes you stammer, stumble, and struggle. Way too much and you lose consciousness and basic functions start to go wrong. Slightly off topic, be careful with alcohol for this very reason, especially for people who can struggle socially, it can become a crutch.


Question: Why do objects get more massive when they move at higher velocity?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do objects get more massive when they move at higher velocity?

These past posts shed some light on it: 1. [ELI5: why and/or how does mass increase with speed? What is happening? ]( URL_1 ) ^(_8 comments_) 1. [ELI5: e=(mc)2 - if objects gain mass as they approach the speed of light... ]( URL_0 ) ^(_7 comments_)


Question: how does wind get inside of courtyards?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 how does wind get inside of courtyards?

Try to thank of it like water. The wind coming down is hitting something, making it splash in a different direction. This might make it feel like it's coming from the left instead of from above.


Question: What are the advantages of a duodecimal system ? Would it be worth to change the way we usually count ?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
- Always start your response with <thinking> tag and end with </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What are the advantages of a duodecimal system ? Would it be worth to change the way we usually count ?

The main advantage is that 2 and 3 are factors of twelve. That means that 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, and 1/9 can all be expressed with a finite number of "decimal" digits. It also means if you have "10" dollars, it can be split evenly 2, 3, 4, or 6 ways. By comparison, in base 10, only 1/2, 1/4, 1/5, and 1/8 have a finite "decimal" representations, and 10 can only be split 2 or 5 ways.


Question: How do they stop the lines from mixing together when you squeeze the toothpaste?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 How do they stop the lines from mixing together when you squeeze the toothpaste?

Toothpaste is very viscous (aka thick), so it doesn't flow much on its own. Viscous fluids don't mix together very easily. Also, when you squeeze the tube, you're applying mostly even, linear pressure, which will direct the toothpaste toward the hole; there's nothing causing turbulence that would cause it to swirl together. If you leave the tube closed and squeeze it in all different directions, kneading it all over, it might come out more mixed.


Question: Why do our brains forget, and how do photographic memories bypass it?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do our brains forget, and how do photographic memories bypass it?

Our brain can only hold so much information. If we have too much, your brain will overload. So when you sleep, your brain goes through everything and deletes stuff that it considers not important. If our brain didn't do that, we'd pretty much overload. Photographic memory let's you picture stuff, but at the same time, your brain will be overloaded with useless information. So while photographic memory let's you see stuff, you'll be overloaded with useless information, making focusing on one memory hard as well


Question: What are Spaghetti Westerns? How does the spaghetti factor in?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the answer. The reasoning process and answer are enclosed within <thinking> </thinking> and
<answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <thinking> reasoning process here </thinking><answer> answer here </answer>.
Response Format rules:
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For example, your response follow this format:
<thinking>
[Your detailed chain-of-thought goes here]
</thinking>
<answer>
[Your final answer goes here]
</answer>
 What are Spaghetti Westerns? How does the spaghetti factor in?

Westerns written or directed by italians during a certain time, sometimes an American writer/director going over to italy to produce them It got the name because italians like spaghetti (in Americans eyes, back then)