"""Precomputed projection-video conditioning.

The converter (`scripts/convert_mine_blender.py`) already z-buffer-splats the
coloured point cloud through every camera and writes:

  - ``bg_projection.mp4`` : static scene projection (frame-0 colours)
  - ``fg_projection.mp4`` : dynamic foreground projection (time-propagated)

Re-rendering the same projection at inference time (LiveWorld's
``render_projection`` per iter) is redundant — the MP4 frames already ARE the
scene/fg conditioning. This module loads those videos and VAE-encodes any
subset of frames into the latent format the State Adapter expects, exactly
mirroring ``generate_scene_projection_from_pointcloud``'s normalization so the
distilled backbone sees the same statistics.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

from pathlib import Path
from typing import List, Optional, Tuple

import cv2
import numpy as np
import torch

from liveworld.pipelines.pipeline_unified_backbone import _safe_frame_index


def read_video_frames(path: str | Path,
                      target_hw: Optional[Tuple[int, int]] = None) -> np.ndarray:
    """Read an MP4 into a ``(T, H, W, 3) uint8`` RGB array.

    If ``target_hw`` is given and differs from the video resolution, every
    frame is resized (linear) to ``(H, W)``.
    """
    p = Path(path)
    if not p.exists():
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"projection video not found: {p}")
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(str(p))
    if not cap.isOpened():
        raise RuntimeError(f"cannot open video: {p}")
    frames: List[np.ndarray] = []
    while True:
        ok, bgr = cap.read()
        if not ok:
            break
        rgb = cv2.cvtColor(bgr, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
        if target_hw is not None and rgb.shape[:2] != tuple(target_hw):
            H, W = target_hw
            rgb = cv2.resize(rgb, (W, H), interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR)
        frames.append(rgb)
    cap.release()
    if not frames:
        raise RuntimeError(f"video had no frames: {p}")
    return np.stack(frames, axis=0)


def subset_video_frames(frames_all: np.ndarray,
                        frame_indices: List[int],
                        output_size: Tuple[int, int]) -> np.ndarray:
    """Pick frames at ``frame_indices`` from a video and resize to ``output_size``.

    ``frames_all`` is ``(T_all, H, W, 3) uint8``. ``frame_indices`` are global
    indices clamped via ``_safe_frame_index``. Returns ``(T, H, W, 3) uint8``.
    """
    H, W = output_size
    T_all = len(frames_all)
    sub = np.stack(
        [frames_all[_safe_frame_index(idx, T_all)] for idx in frame_indices],
        axis=0,
    )
    if sub.shape[1:3] != (H, W):
        sub = np.stack(
            [cv2.resize(f, (W, H), interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR) for f in sub],
            axis=0,
        )
    return sub


def encode_proj_frames_to_latent(frames_all: np.ndarray,
                                 frame_indices: List[int],
                                 output_size: Tuple[int, int],
                                 vae,
                                 device,
                                 dtype) -> torch.Tensor:
    """VAE-encode the frames at ``frame_indices`` into a scene/fg-proj latent.

    ``frames_all`` is the full ``(T_all, H, W, 3) uint8`` video. ``frame_indices``
    are global frame indices (clamped to the video range, mirroring the
    point-cloud path's ``_safe_frame_index``). Returns a ``[C=16, T_latent, h, w]``
    tensor — the same layout ``generate_scene_projection_from_pointcloud`` and
    ``encode_first_frame_fg_to_latent`` produce.
    """
    sub = subset_video_frames(frames_all, frame_indices, output_size)

    # (T, H, W, 3) -> (T, 3, H, W), to [-1, 1]
    projections = sub.transpose(0, 3, 1, 2)
    proj_tensor = torch.from_numpy(projections).float() / 127.5 - 1.0

    vae_device = next(vae.model.parameters()).device
    if vae_device != device:
        vae.model.to(device)
        vae.mean = vae.mean.to(device)
        vae.std = vae.std.to(device)

    with torch.no_grad():
        # (T, 3, H, W) -> (1, 3, T, H, W)
        proj_tensor = proj_tensor.to(device=device, dtype=dtype)
        proj_tensor = proj_tensor.permute(1, 0, 2, 3).unsqueeze(0)
        latent = vae.encode_to_latent(proj_tensor)        # [1, T_latent, 16, h, w]
        latent = latent.squeeze(0).permute(1, 0, 2, 3)    # [16, T_latent, h, w]
    return latent