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  - feature-extraction
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  - sentence-similarity
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  - transformers
 
 
 
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  ---
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- # {MODEL_NAME}
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- This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model: It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768 dimensional dense vector space and can be used for tasks like clustering or semantic search.
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- <!--- Describe your model here -->
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- ## Usage (Sentence-Transformers)
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- Using this model becomes easy when you have [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) installed:
 
 
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- ```
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- pip install -U sentence-transformers
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- ```
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- Then you can use the model like this:
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-
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- ```python
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- from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
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- sentences = ["This is an example sentence", "Each sentence is converted"]
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-
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- model = SentenceTransformer('{MODEL_NAME}')
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- embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
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- print(embeddings)
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  ```
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-
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-
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- ## Usage (HuggingFace Transformers)
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- Without [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net), you can use the model like this: First, you pass your input through the transformer model, then you have to apply the right pooling-operation on-top of the contextualized word embeddings.
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-
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  ```python
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- from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel
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- import torch
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-
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-
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- #Mean Pooling - Take attention mask into account for correct averaging
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- def mean_pooling(model_output, attention_mask):
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- token_embeddings = model_output[0] #First element of model_output contains all token embeddings
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- input_mask_expanded = attention_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand(token_embeddings.size()).float()
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- return torch.sum(token_embeddings * input_mask_expanded, 1) / torch.clamp(input_mask_expanded.sum(1), min=1e-9)
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-
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-
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- # Sentences we want sentence embeddings for
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- sentences = ['This is an example sentence', 'Each sentence is converted']
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-
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- # Load model from HuggingFace Hub
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- tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained('{MODEL_NAME}')
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- model = AutoModel.from_pretrained('{MODEL_NAME}')
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-
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- # Tokenize sentences
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- encoded_input = tokenizer(sentences, padding=True, truncation=True, return_tensors='pt')
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-
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- # Compute token embeddings
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- with torch.no_grad():
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- model_output = model(**encoded_input)
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-
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- # Perform pooling. In this case, mean pooling.
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- sentence_embeddings = mean_pooling(model_output, encoded_input['attention_mask'])
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-
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- print("Sentence embeddings:")
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- print(sentence_embeddings)
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- ```
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-
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-
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-
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- ## Evaluation Results
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-
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- <!--- Describe how your model was evaluated -->
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-
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- For an automated evaluation of this model, see the *Sentence Embeddings Benchmark*: [https://seb.sbert.net](https://seb.sbert.net?model_name={MODEL_NAME})
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-
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-
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- ## Training
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- The model was trained with the parameters:
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-
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- **DataLoader**:
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-
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- `torch.utils.data.dataloader.DataLoader` of length 3101 with parameters:
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- ```
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- {'batch_size': 14, 'sampler': 'torch.utils.data.sampler.RandomSampler', 'batch_sampler': 'torch.utils.data.sampler.BatchSampler'}
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- ```
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-
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- **Loss**:
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-
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- `sentence_transformers.losses.CosineSimilarityLoss.CosineSimilarityLoss`
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-
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- Parameters of the fit()-Method:
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- ```
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- {
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- "epochs": 10,
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- "evaluation_steps": 1000,
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- "evaluator": "sentence_transformers.evaluation.EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator.EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator",
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- "max_grad_norm": 1,
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- "optimizer_class": "<class 'transformers.optimization.AdamW'>",
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- "optimizer_params": {
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- "lr": 2e-05
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- },
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- "scheduler": "WarmupLinear",
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- "steps_per_epoch": null,
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- "warmup_steps": 100,
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- "weight_decay": 0.01
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- }
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  ```
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- ## Full Model Architecture
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  ```
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  SentenceTransformer(
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- (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: RobertaModel
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- (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False})
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  )
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  ```
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- ## Citing & Authors
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- <!--- Describe where people can find more information -->
 
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  - feature-extraction
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  - sentence-similarity
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  - transformers
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+ - neuroradiology
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+ - medical
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+ license: apache-2.0
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  ---
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+ # NeuroBERT
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+ A sentence-transformers model optimized for neuroradiology reports. Maps sentences to 768-dimensional embeddings for semantic similarity tasks.
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+ ## Overview
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+ NeuroBERT is a RoBERTa-based model with a **custom 10,000-word neuroradiology vocabulary** trained from scratch. Standard BERT tokenization fragments medical terms (e.g., "hemorrhage" → "he", "morr", "hage"), so we trained a domain-specific WordPiece vocabulary to preserve neuroradiologic terminology.
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+ **Training:**
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+ 1. **Masked language modeling** on neuroradiology reports (next sentence prediction omitted as adjacent sentences are often unrelated)
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+ 2. **Radiology section matching** using a SentenceBERT twin-network architecture to align Findings and Summary sections from the same report
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+ ## Usage
 
 
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+ ```bash
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+ pip install -U sentence-transformers
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ```
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  ```python
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+ from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer, util
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+
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+ model = SentenceTransformer('davvwood/NeuroBERT')
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+
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+ # Reference templates for normal findings
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+ templates = [
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+ 'normal study',
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+ 'normal appearances of the brain',
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+ 'no intracranial abnormality identified'
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+ ]
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+ template_embeddings = model.encode(templates)
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+
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+ # Example reports
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+ reports = [
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+ "mri head: there is restricted diffusion in the left paramedian ventral pons at the level of the middle cerebellar peduncle in keeping with an acute infarct.",
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+ "mri head: the ventricles and extra cerebral csf spaces are of normal size. no focal intracranial abnormality has been identified. conclusion: normal intracranial appearances"
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+ ]
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+
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+ for report in reports:
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+ report_embedding = model.encode(report)
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+ similarities = [util.cos_sim(t_emb, report_embedding).item() for t_emb in template_embeddings]
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+ print(f"Max similarity to normal templates: {max(similarities):.3f}")
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ```
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+ ## Model Architecture
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  ```
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  SentenceTransformer(
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+ (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with RobertaModel
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+ (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True})
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  )
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  ```
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+ ## Citation
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+ If you use NeuroBERT, please cite the associated paper.