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README.md
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- type: spearman_cosine
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value: 0.9087449124017827
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name: Spearman Cosine
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---
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- type: spearman_cosine
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value: 0.9087449124017827
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name: Spearman Cosine
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---
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# NeoBERT Cross-Encoder: Semantic Similarity (STS)
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Cross encoders are high performing encoder models that compare two texts and output a 0-1 score.
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I've found the `cross-encoders/roberta-large-stsb` model to be very useful in creating evaluators for LLM outputs.
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They're simple to use, fast and very accurate.
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---
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## Features
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- **High performing:** Achieves **Pearson: 0.9124** and **Spearman: 0.9087** on the STS-Benchmark test set.
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- **Efficient architecture:** Based on the NeoBERT design (250M parameters), offering faster inference speeds.
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- **Extended context length:** Processes sequences up to 4096 tokens, great for LLM output evals.
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- **Diversified training:** Pretrained on `dleemiller/wiki-sim` and fine-tuned on `sentence-transformers/stsb`.
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---
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## Performance
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| Model | STS-B Test Pearson | STS-B Test Spearman | Context Length | Parameters | Speed |
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|--------------------------------|--------------------|---------------------|----------------|------------|---------|
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| `ModernCE-large-sts` | **0.9256** | **0.9215** | **8192** | 395M | **Medium** |
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| `ModernCE-base-sts` | **0.9162** | **0.9122** | **8192** | 149M | **Fast** |
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| `NeoCE-sts` | **0.9124** | **0.9087** | **4096** | 250M | **Fast** |
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| `stsb-roberta-large` | 0.9147 | - | 512 | 355M | Slow |
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| `stsb-distilroberta-base` | 0.8792 | - | 512 | 82M | Fast |
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---
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## Usage
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To use NeoCE for semantic similarity tasks, you can load the model with the Hugging Face `sentence-transformers` library:
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```python
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from sentence_transformers import CrossEncoder
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# Load NeoCE model
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model = CrossEncoder("dleemiller/NeoCE-sts")
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# Predict similarity scores for sentence pairs
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sentence_pairs = [
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("It's a wonderful day outside.", "It's so sunny today!"),
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("It's a wonderful day outside.", "He drove to work earlier."),
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]
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scores = model.predict(sentence_pairs)
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print(scores) # Outputs: array([0.9184, 0.0123], dtype=float32)
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```
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### Output
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The model returns similarity scores in the range `[0, 1]`, where higher scores indicate stronger semantic similarity.
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---
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## Training Details
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### Pretraining
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The model was pretrained on the `pair-score-sampled` subset of the [`dleemiller/wiki-sim`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/dleemiller/wiki-sim) dataset. This dataset provides diverse sentence pairs with semantic similarity scores, helping the model build a robust understanding of relationships between sentences.
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- **Classifier Dropout:** a somewhat large classifier dropout of 0.3, to reduce overreliance on teacher scores.
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- **Objective:** STS-B scores from `cross-encoder/stsb-roberta-large`.
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### Fine-Tuning
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Fine-tuning was performed on the [`sentence-transformers/stsb`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/sentence-transformers/stsb) dataset.
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---
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## Model Card
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- **Architecture:** NeoBERT
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- **Pretraining Data:** `dleemiller/wiki-sim (pair-score-sampled)`
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- **Fine-Tuning Data:** `sentence-transformers/stsb`
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---
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## Thank You
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Thanks to the chandra-lab team for providing the NeoBERT models, and the Sentence Transformers team for their leadership in transformer encoder models.
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---
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## Citation
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If you use this model in your research, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@misc{moderncestsb2025,
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author = {Miller, D. Lee},
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title = {NeoCE STS: An STS cross encoder model},
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year = {2025},
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publisher = {Hugging Face Hub},
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url = {https://huggingface.co/dleemiller/ModernCE-base-sts},
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}
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```
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---
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## License
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This model is licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE).
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