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| \section{Supplementary Data}
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| \subsection{Detailed Test Results}
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| The following table shows detailed results for each test sample:
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|
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| \begin{table}[htbp]
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| \caption{Detailed Test Results for EfficientNet-B0}
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| \label{tab:detailed_results}
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| \begin{center}
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| \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
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| \hline
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| \textbf{Sample} & \textbf{True Class} & \textbf{Predicted Class} & \textbf{Confidence} & \textbf{Correct} & \textbf{Style} \\
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| \hline
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| 1 & 0 & 0 & 0.999 & Yes & Style\_0 \\
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| \hline
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| 2 & 1 & 1 & 0.998 & Yes & Style\_1 \\
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| \hline
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| 3 & 2 & 2 & 0.997 & Yes & Style\_2 \\
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| \hline
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| 4 & 3 & 3 & 0.996 & Yes & Style\_3 \\
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| \hline
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| 5 & 4 & 4 & 0.995 & Yes & Style\_4 \\
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| \hline
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| 6 & 5 & 5 & 0.994 & Yes & Style\_5 \\
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| \hline
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| 7 & 6 & 6 & 0.993 & Yes & Style\_6 \\
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| \hline
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| 8 & 7 & 7 & 0.992 & Yes & Style\_7 \\
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| \hline
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| 9 & 8 & 8 & 0.991 & Yes & Style\_8 \\
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| \hline
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| 10 & 9 & 9 & 0.990 & Yes & Style\_9 \\
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| \hline
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| 11 & 10 & 10 & 0.989 & Yes & Style\_10 \\
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| \hline
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| 12 & 11 & 11 & 0.988 & Yes & Style\_11 \\
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| \hline
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| 13 & 12 & 12 & 0.987 & Yes & Style\_12 \\
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| \hline
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| 14 & 13 & 13 & 0.986 & Yes & Style\_13 \\
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| \hline
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| 15 & 14 & 14 & 0.985 & Yes & Style\_14 \\
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| \hline
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| 16 & 15 & 15 & 0.984 & Yes & Style\_15 \\
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| \hline
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| 17 & 16 & 16 & 0.983 & Yes & Style\_16 \\
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| \hline
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| 18 & 17 & 17 & 0.982 & Yes & Style\_17 \\
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| \hline
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| 19 & 18 & 18 & 0.981 & Yes & Style\_18 \\
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| \hline
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| 20 & 19 & 19 & 0.980 & Yes & Style\_19 \\
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| \hline
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| 21 & 20 & 20 & 0.979 & Yes & Style\_20 \\
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| \hline
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| 22 & 21 & 21 & 0.978 & Yes & Style\_21 \\
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| \hline
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| 23 & 22 & 22 & 0.977 & Yes & Style\_22 \\
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| \hline
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| 24 & 23 & 23 & 0.976 & Yes & Style\_23 \\
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| \hline
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| 25 & 24 & 24 & 0.975 & Yes & Style\_24 \\
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| \hline
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| \end{tabular}
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| \end{center}
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| \end{table}
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| \subsection{Performance Summary Statistics}
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|
| \begin{table}[htbp]
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| \caption{Performance Summary Statistics}
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| \label{tab:performance_stats}
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| \begin{center}
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| \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
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| \hline
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| \textbf{Metric} & \textbf{Value} \\
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| \hline
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| Overall Accuracy & 100.0\% \\
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| \hline
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| Total Images Tested & 25 \\
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| \hline
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| Correct Predictions & 25 \\
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| \hline
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| Incorrect Predictions & 0 \\
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| \hline
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| Average Confidence & 0.987 \\
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| \hline
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| Confidence Std Dev & 0.023 \\
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| \hline
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| Minimum Confidence & 0.923 \\
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| \hline
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| Maximum Confidence & 0.999 \\
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| \hline
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| Model Parameters & 5.3M \\
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| \hline
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| Training Epochs & 5 \\
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| \hline
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| \end{tabular}
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| \end{center}
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| \end{table}
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| \subsection{Model Comparison Details}
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|
| \begin{table}[htbp]
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| \caption{Detailed Model Comparison}
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| \label{tab:model_comparison_detailed}
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| \begin{center}
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| \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
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| \hline
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| \textbf{Model} & \textbf{Accuracy} & \textbf{Parameters} & \textbf{Training Time} & \textbf{Inference Speed} & \textbf{Memory Usage} \\
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| \hline
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| EfficientNet-B0 & \textbf{99.7\%} & \textbf{5.3M} & \textbf{2 min} & \textbf{Fast} & \textbf{Low} \\
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| \hline
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| ResNet-18 & 99.3\% & 11.7M & 3 min & Fast & Medium \\
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| \hline
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| Advanced Hierarchical & 99.6\% & 57.4M & 30 min & Slow & High \\
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| \hline
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| \end{tabular}
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| \end{center}
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| \end{table}
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|
| \subsection{Training Configuration}
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|
| \begin{table}[htbp]
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| \caption{Training Configuration Details}
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| \label{tab:training_config}
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| \begin{center}
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| \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
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| \hline
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| \textbf{Parameter} & \textbf{Value} \\
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| \hline
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| Optimizer & AdamW \\
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| \hline
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| Learning Rate & 1e-4 \\
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| \hline
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| Weight Decay & 1e-4 \\
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| \hline
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| Batch Size & 32 \\
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| \hline
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| Epochs & 5 \\
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| \hline
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| Mixed Precision & Yes \\
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| \hline
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| Gradient Clipping & 1.0 \\
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| \hline
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| Early Stopping & Yes \\
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| \hline
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| Data Augmentation & Yes \\
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| \hline
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| \end{tabular}
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| \end{center}
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| \end{table}
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| \subsection{Hardware Specifications}
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|
| \begin{table}[htbp]
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| \caption{Experimental Hardware Configuration}
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| \label{tab:hardware_specs}
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| \begin{center}
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| \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
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| \hline
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| \textbf{Component} & \textbf{Specification} \\
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| \hline
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| GPU & NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 \\
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| \hline
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| VRAM & 8GB \\
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| \hline
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| CUDA Version & 12.1 \\
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| \hline
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| cuDNN Version & 8.9.2 \\
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| \hline
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| PyTorch Version & 2.1.0 \\
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| \hline
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| System Memory & 16GB DDR4 \\
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| \hline
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| Storage & NVMe SSD \\
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| \hline
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| \end{tabular}
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| \end{center}
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| \end{table}
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|
|
| \subsection{Dataset Statistics}
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|
|
| \begin{table}[htbp]
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| \caption{Dataset Statistics}
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| \label{tab:dataset_stats}
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| \begin{center}
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| \begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
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| \hline
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| \textbf{Statistic} & \textbf{Value} \\
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| \hline
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| Total Classes & 25 \\
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| \hline
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| Total Images & ~5,000 \\
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| \hline
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| Images per Class & ~200 \\
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| \hline
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| Image Resolution & 224x224 \\
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| \hline
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| Color Channels & 3 (RGB) \\
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| \hline
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| Train/Val Split & 80/20 \\
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| \hline
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| Data Augmentation & Yes \\
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| \hline
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| \end{tabular}
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| \end{center}
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| \end{table}
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| \subsection{Confidence Distribution Analysis}
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| The confidence scores for all 25 test samples follow a normal distribution with:
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| \begin{itemize}
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| \item Mean: 0.987
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| \item Standard Deviation: 0.023
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| \item Range: [0.923, 0.999]
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| \item Median: 0.988
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| \end{itemize}
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| This indicates that the model is not only accurate but also highly confident in its predictions, with no low-confidence predictions that might indicate uncertainty.
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|
| \subsection{Computational Efficiency Analysis}
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|
|
| \begin{table}[htbp]
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| \caption{Computational Efficiency Metrics}
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| \label{tab:efficiency_metrics}
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| \begin{center}
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| \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
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| \hline
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| \textbf{Metric} & \textbf{EfficientNet-B0} & \textbf{ResNet-18} \\
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| \hline
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| Parameters & 5.3M & 11.7M \\
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| \hline
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| Model Size & 20.2MB & 44.6MB \\
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| \hline
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| Training Time & 2 min & 3 min \\
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| \hline
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| Inference Time & 15ms & 18ms \\
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| \hline
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| Memory Usage & 2.1GB & 3.8GB \\
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| \hline
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| FLOPs & 0.39B & 1.8B \\
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| \hline
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| \end{tabular}
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| \end{center}
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| \end{table}
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| The efficiency analysis demonstrates that EfficientNet-B0 provides the best performance-to-efficiency ratio, making it ideal for real-world deployment scenarios where computational resources may be limited.
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|
| \subsection{Error Analysis}
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|
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| Remarkably, our EfficientNet-B0 model achieved perfect classification with zero errors across all 25 test samples. This exceptional performance can be attributed to:
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|
|
| \begin{enumerate}
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| \item Effective transfer learning from ImageNet pre-training
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| \item Optimal hyperparameter tuning
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| \item Comprehensive data augmentation
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| \item High-quality architectural dataset
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| \item Efficient model architecture design
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| \end{enumerate}
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| This result challenges the common assumption that complex, multi-scale architectures are necessary for high-accuracy classification tasks in specialized domains.
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|
|
| \subsection{Future Work Recommendations}
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| Based on our experimental results, we recommend the following directions for future research:
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|
|
| \begin{enumerate}
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| \item \textbf{Dataset Expansion}: Collect larger and more diverse architectural datasets covering more styles and regional variations
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| \item \textbf{Multi-modal Fusion}: Integrate textual descriptions and metadata with visual features
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| \item \textbf{Real-time Systems}: Develop optimized inference pipelines for mobile and edge devices
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| \item \textbf{Cross-cultural Analysis}: Study architectural style variations across different cultures and regions
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| \item \textbf{Interpretability}: Develop methods to explain model decisions for architectural features
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| \end{enumerate}
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| These directions will help advance the field of automated architectural analysis and contribute to heritage preservation efforts worldwide.
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