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README.md
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## genbio-ai/proteinMoE-16b-Petal
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**genbio-ai/proteinMoE-16b-Petal** is a fine-tuned version of **genbio-ai/proteinMoE-16b**, specifically designed for protein structure prediction. This model uses amino acid sequences as input to predict tokens that can be decoded into 3D structures by **genbio-ai/petal-decoder**. It surpasses existing state-of-the-art models, such as **ESM3-open**, in structure prediction tasks, demonstrating its robustness and capability in this domain.
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### Model Architecture Details
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This model retains the architecture of AIDO.Protein 16B, a transformer encoder-only architecture with dense MLP layers replaced by sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) layers. Each token activates 2 experts using a top-2 routing mechanism. A visual summary of the architecture is provided below:
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<center>
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<img src="https://huggingface.co/genbio-ai/proteinMoE-16b/resolve/main/proteinmoe_architecture.png" alt="ProteinMoE Architecture" style="width:70%; height:auto;" />
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</center>
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#### Key Differences
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The final output linear layer has been adapted to support a new vocabulary size:
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- **Input Vocabulary Size**: 44 (amino acids + special tokens)
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- **Output Vocabulary Size**: 512 (structure tokens without special tokens)
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#### Architecture Parameters
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| Component | Value |
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|-------------------------------|-------|
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| Number of Attention Heads | 36 |
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| Number of Hidden Layers | 36 |
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| Hidden Size | 2304 |
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| Number of MoE Layers per Block| 8 |
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| Number of MoE Layers per Token| 2 |
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| Input Vocabulary Size | 44 |
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| Output Vocabulary Size | 512 |
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| Context Length | 1024 |
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### Training Details
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The fine-tuning process used **0.4 trillion tokens**, using AlphaFold database with **170M samples** and PDB database with **0.4M samples**, making it highly specialized for structure prediction. The training took around 20 days on 64 A100 GPUs.
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- **Batch Size**: Global batch size of 2048
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- **Context Length**: 1024
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- **Precision**: FP16
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- **Hardware**: 64 NVIDIA A100 80GB GPUs
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- **Learning Rate**: Max learning rate of 1e-4
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- **Scheduler**: Cosine decay with 2.5% warmup
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- **Tokens Trained**: 4T tokens
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- **Training steps**: 200k steps
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### Tokenization
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The input sequence should be single-chain amino acid sequences.
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- **Input Tokenization**: The sequences are tokenized at the amino acid level and terminated with a `[SEP]` token (id=34).
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- **Output Tokenization**: Each input token is converted into a structure token. The output can be decoded into 3D structures in PDB format using **genbio-ai/petal-decoder**.
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### Results
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TODO
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