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README.md
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---
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license: mit
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---
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| 1 |
+
---
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license: mit
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---
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# Pixel
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A PyTorch-based Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for training and generating CryptoPunk-style pixel art images.
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| 7 |
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## Table of Contents
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- [Overview](#overview)
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- [Project Structure](#project-structure)
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- [Architecture](#architecture)
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- [Workflow](#workflow)
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- [Installation](#installation)
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- [User Guide](#user-guide)
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- [Configuration](#configuration)
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- [Examples](#examples)
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---
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## Overview
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This project implements a Deep Convolutional GAN (DCGAN) to generate pixel art images. It includes:
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- **Training Pipeline**: Train a GAN model on your custom image dataset
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- **Image Generation**: Generate new images using trained models
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- **Interactive GUI**: Tkinter-based interface for real-time generation
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- **GGUF Support**: Convert and use GGUF quantized models
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---
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## Project Structure
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```
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ai-picture-model-trainer/
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│
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├── trainer.py # GAN training script
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├── generator.py # Image generation (GUI + CLI)
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│
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├── data/ # Training data
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│ ├── attributes.csv # Dataset metadata
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│ └── images/ # Training images (punk000.png, punk001.png, ...)
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│
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├── models/ # Trained model storage
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│ └── generator_model.safetensors
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│
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├── generated/ # Generated image outputs
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│ ├── output.png # Grid visualizations
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│ └── individual/ # Individual generated images
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│
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├── gen_images/ # Training progress images
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│ ├── epoch_0.png
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│ ├── epoch_1.png
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│ └── ...
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│
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└── gguf/ # GGUF format support
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└── generator.py # GGUF model converter/generator
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```
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### Directory Purpose
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| Directory | Purpose |
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|-----------|---------|
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| `data/` | Input training images and metadata |
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| `models/` | Saved trained models (.safetensors format) |
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| `generated/` | Output from generator.py |
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| `gen_images/` | Training progress visualizations |
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| `gguf/` | GGUF quantized model support |
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---
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## Architecture
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### GAN Components
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| 75 |
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```
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| 77 |
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┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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| 78 |
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│ GAN Architecture │
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| 79 |
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└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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┌──────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐
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│ Generator │ │ Discriminator │
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│ │ │ │
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│ Input: Noise │ │ Input: Images │
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│ (100-dim) │ │ (24x24x4) │
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│ │ │ │
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│ ┌────────────┐ │ │ ┌────────────┐ │
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│ │ FC │ │ │ │ Conv2D │ │
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│ │ (9,216) │ │ │ │ 64 filters│ │
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| 90 |
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│ └────────────┘ │ │ └────────────┘ │
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| 91 |
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│ ↓ │ │ ↓ │
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| 92 |
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│ ┌────────────┐ │ │ ┌────────────┐ │
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| 93 |
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│ │ Reshape │ │ ┌──────────┐ │ │ Conv2D │ │
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│ │ (256,6,6) │ │───→│ Real or │←───│ │ 128 filters│ │
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│ └────────────┘ │ │ Fake? │ │ └────────────┘ │
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│ ↓ │ └──────────┘ │ ↓ │
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│ ┌────────────┐ │ │ ┌────────────┐ │
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│ │ ConvTrans │ │ │ │ Conv2D │ │
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| 99 |
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│ │ 128 filters│ │ │ │ 256 filters│ │
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| 100 |
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│ └────────────┘ │ │ └────────────┘ │
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| 101 |
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│ ↓ │ │ ↓ │
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│ ┌────────────┐ │ │ ┌────────────┐ │
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│ │ ConvTrans │ │ │ │ GlobalAvg │ │
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| 104 |
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│ │ 64 filters│ │ │ │ Pool │ │
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| 105 |
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│ └────────────┘ │ │ └─────��──────┘ │
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| 106 |
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│ ↓ │ │ ↓ │
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| 107 |
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│ ┌────────────┐ │ │ ┌────────────┐ │
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| 108 |
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│ │ ConvTrans │ │ │ │ FC + Sig │ │
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| 109 |
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│ │ 4 channels│ │ │ │ (0-1) │ │
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| 110 |
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│ └────────────┘ │ │ └────────────┘ │
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| 111 |
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│ │ │ │
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| 112 |
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│ Output: Image │ │ Output: Score │
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| 113 |
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│ (24x24x4 RGBA) │ │ (Real/Fake) │
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| 114 |
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└──────────────────┘ └──────────────────┘
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| 115 |
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```
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| 116 |
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| 117 |
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### Model Details
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| 118 |
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| 119 |
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**Generator**:
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| 120 |
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- Input: 100-dimensional latent vector (random noise)
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| 121 |
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- Architecture: FC → BatchNorm → 3x ConvTranspose2D with BatchNorm
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| 122 |
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- Output: 24x24x4 RGBA image (values in [-1, 1])
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- Activation: LeakyReLU + Tanh (output)
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**Discriminator**:
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| 126 |
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- Input: 24x24x4 RGBA image
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| 127 |
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- Architecture: 3x Conv2D with Dropout → GlobalAvgPool → FC
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| 128 |
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- Output: Probability score [0, 1] (real vs. fake)
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| 129 |
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- Activation: LeakyReLU + Sigmoid (output)
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| 130 |
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| 131 |
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---
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| 132 |
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| 133 |
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## Workflow
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| 134 |
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| 135 |
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### Training Workflow
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| 136 |
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| 137 |
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```
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| 138 |
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┌─────────────┐
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| 139 |
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│ Start │
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| 140 |
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└──────┬──────┘
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| 141 |
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│
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| 142 |
+
▼
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| 143 |
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┌──────────────────────┐
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| 144 |
+
│ Load Dataset │
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| 145 |
+
│ (data/images/) │
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| 146 |
+
└──────┬───────────────┘
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| 147 |
+
│
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| 148 |
+
▼
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| 149 |
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┌──────────────────────┐
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| 150 |
+
│ Initialize Models │
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| 151 |
+
│ - Generator │
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| 152 |
+
│ - Discriminator │
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| 153 |
+
└──────┬───────────────┘
|
| 154 |
+
│
|
| 155 |
+
▼
|
| 156 |
+
┌──────────────────────┐
|
| 157 |
+
│ Training Loop │◄─────────┐
|
| 158 |
+
│ (N epochs) │ │
|
| 159 |
+
└──────┬───────────────┘ │
|
| 160 |
+
│ │
|
| 161 |
+
▼ │
|
| 162 |
+
┌──────────────────────┐ │
|
| 163 |
+
│ For each batch: │ │
|
| 164 |
+
│ 1. Train Discrim. │ │
|
| 165 |
+
│ 2. Train Generator │ │
|
| 166 |
+
└──────┬───────────────┘ │
|
| 167 |
+
│ │
|
| 168 |
+
▼ │
|
| 169 |
+
┌──────────────────────┐ │
|
| 170 |
+
│ Save Progress │ │
|
| 171 |
+
│ (gen_images/) │──────────┘
|
| 172 |
+
└──────┬───────────────┘
|
| 173 |
+
│
|
| 174 |
+
▼
|
| 175 |
+
┌──────────────────────┐
|
| 176 |
+
│ Save Final Model │
|
| 177 |
+
│ (models/*.safetensors)
|
| 178 |
+
└──────┬───────────────┘
|
| 179 |
+
│
|
| 180 |
+
▼
|
| 181 |
+
┌──────────────┐
|
| 182 |
+
│ Complete │
|
| 183 |
+
└──────────────┘
|
| 184 |
+
```
|
| 185 |
+
|
| 186 |
+
### Generation Workflow
|
| 187 |
+
|
| 188 |
+
```
|
| 189 |
+
┌─────────────────────┐
|
| 190 |
+
│ Mode Selection │
|
| 191 |
+
└──────┬──────────────┘
|
| 192 |
+
│
|
| 193 |
+
├─────────────────────────┐
|
| 194 |
+
│ │
|
| 195 |
+
▼ ▼
|
| 196 |
+
┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐
|
| 197 |
+
│ GUI Mode │ │ CLI Mode │
|
| 198 |
+
└──────┬───────┘ └──────┬───────────┘
|
| 199 |
+
│ │
|
| 200 |
+
▼ ▼
|
| 201 |
+
┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐
|
| 202 |
+
│ Load Model │ │ Load Model │
|
| 203 |
+
│ (safetensors)│ │ Parse Args │
|
| 204 |
+
└──────┬───────┘ └──────┬───────────┘
|
| 205 |
+
│ │
|
| 206 |
+
▼ ▼
|
| 207 |
+
┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐
|
| 208 |
+
│ Tkinter GUI │ │ Generate N Images│
|
| 209 |
+
│ - Button 1x1 │ │ - Custom grid │
|
| 210 |
+
│ - Button 3x3 │ │ - Custom seed │
|
| 211 |
+
│ - Button 5x5 │ │ - Save options │
|
| 212 |
+
└──────┬───────┘ └──────┬───────────┘
|
| 213 |
+
│ │
|
| 214 |
+
▼ ▼
|
| 215 |
+
┌─────────���────┐ ┌──────────────────┐
|
| 216 |
+
│ On Click: │ │ Save Grid │
|
| 217 |
+
│ Generate │ │ Save Individual │
|
| 218 |
+
│ Display │ │ (optional) │
|
| 219 |
+
└──────┬───────┘ └──────────────────┘
|
| 220 |
+
│
|
| 221 |
+
▼
|
| 222 |
+
┌──────────────┐
|
| 223 |
+
│ Interactive │
|
| 224 |
+
│ Generation │
|
| 225 |
+
└──────────────┘
|
| 226 |
+
```
|
| 227 |
+
|
| 228 |
+
---
|
| 229 |
+
|
| 230 |
+
## Installation
|
| 231 |
+
|
| 232 |
+
### Prerequisites
|
| 233 |
+
|
| 234 |
+
- Python 3.8+
|
| 235 |
+
- CUDA-compatible GPU (optional, for faster training)
|
| 236 |
+
|
| 237 |
+
### Setup
|
| 238 |
+
|
| 239 |
+
1. **Clone/Download the repository**
|
| 240 |
+
|
| 241 |
+
2. **Install dependencies**:
|
| 242 |
+
|
| 243 |
+
```bash
|
| 244 |
+
pip install torch torchvision
|
| 245 |
+
pip install numpy pandas matplotlib pillow
|
| 246 |
+
pip install safetensors
|
| 247 |
+
```
|
| 248 |
+
|
| 249 |
+
3. **Prepare your dataset**:
|
| 250 |
+
|
| 251 |
+
Place your training images in `data/images/` with filenames like `punk000.png`, `punk001.png`, etc.
|
| 252 |
+
|
| 253 |
+
Create `data/attributes.csv`:
|
| 254 |
+
```csv
|
| 255 |
+
id
|
| 256 |
+
0
|
| 257 |
+
1
|
| 258 |
+
2
|
| 259 |
+
...
|
| 260 |
+
```
|
| 261 |
+
|
| 262 |
+
---
|
| 263 |
+
|
| 264 |
+
## User Guide
|
| 265 |
+
|
| 266 |
+
### 1. Training a Model
|
| 267 |
+
|
| 268 |
+
Train the GAN on your dataset:
|
| 269 |
+
|
| 270 |
+
```bash
|
| 271 |
+
python trainer.py \
|
| 272 |
+
--data_path ./data/attributes.csv \
|
| 273 |
+
--images_path ./data/images/ \
|
| 274 |
+
--model_output_path ./models/ \
|
| 275 |
+
--images_output_path ./gen_images/ \
|
| 276 |
+
--epochs 50 \
|
| 277 |
+
--batch_size 16
|
| 278 |
+
```
|
| 279 |
+
|
| 280 |
+
**Training Parameters**:
|
| 281 |
+
|
| 282 |
+
| Parameter | Default | Description |
|
| 283 |
+
|-----------|---------|-------------|
|
| 284 |
+
| `--data_path` | `./data/attributes.csv` | Path to dataset metadata |
|
| 285 |
+
| `--images_path` | `./data/images/` | Directory containing training images |
|
| 286 |
+
| `--model_output_path` | `./models/` | Where to save trained model |
|
| 287 |
+
| `--images_output_path` | `./gen_images/` | Save progress images during training |
|
| 288 |
+
| `--epochs` | `50` | Number of training epochs |
|
| 289 |
+
| `--batch_size` | `16` | Training batch size |
|
| 290 |
+
| `--codings_size` | `100` | Latent vector dimension |
|
| 291 |
+
| `--image_size` | `24` | Output image size (24x24) |
|
| 292 |
+
| `--image_channels` | `4` | Image channels (4=RGBA, 3=RGB) |
|
| 293 |
+
|
| 294 |
+
**Training Output**:
|
| 295 |
+
- Progress displayed: `Epoch X/Y - Gen Loss: X.XXXX, Disc Loss: X.XXXX`
|
| 296 |
+
- Progress images saved to `gen_images/epoch_N.png`
|
| 297 |
+
- Final model saved to `models/generator_model.safetensors`
|
| 298 |
+
|
| 299 |
+
---
|
| 300 |
+
|
| 301 |
+
### 2. Generating Images
|
| 302 |
+
|
| 303 |
+
#### Option A: Interactive GUI Mode (Default)
|
| 304 |
+
|
| 305 |
+
Launch the Tkinter GUI for real-time generation:
|
| 306 |
+
|
| 307 |
+
```bash
|
| 308 |
+
python generator.py
|
| 309 |
+
```
|
| 310 |
+
|
| 311 |
+
or explicitly:
|
| 312 |
+
|
| 313 |
+
```bash
|
| 314 |
+
python generator.py --gui
|
| 315 |
+
```
|
| 316 |
+
|
| 317 |
+
**GUI Controls**:
|
| 318 |
+
- **Generate 1 cryptopunk**: Single image
|
| 319 |
+
- **Generate 3x3 cryptopunks**: 3x3 grid (9 images)
|
| 320 |
+
- **Generate 5x5 cryptopunks**: 5x5 grid (25 images)
|
| 321 |
+
- **Terminate**: Close the application
|
| 322 |
+
|
| 323 |
+
---
|
| 324 |
+
|
| 325 |
+
#### Option B: Command-Line Interface (CLI)
|
| 326 |
+
|
| 327 |
+
Batch generate images from terminal:
|
| 328 |
+
|
| 329 |
+
**Basic generation** (16 images):
|
| 330 |
+
```bash
|
| 331 |
+
python generator.py --num_images 16 --output_path ./generated/output.png
|
| 332 |
+
```
|
| 333 |
+
|
| 334 |
+
**Custom grid** (8x8 = 64 images):
|
| 335 |
+
```bash
|
| 336 |
+
python generator.py --grid_size 8 --output_path ./generated/grid_8x8.png
|
| 337 |
+
```
|
| 338 |
+
|
| 339 |
+
**Reproducible generation** (with seed):
|
| 340 |
+
```bash
|
| 341 |
+
python generator.py --grid_size 4 --seed 42 --output_path ./generated/seed42.png
|
| 342 |
+
```
|
| 343 |
+
|
| 344 |
+
**Save individual images**:
|
| 345 |
+
```bash
|
| 346 |
+
python generator.py \
|
| 347 |
+
--num_images 100 \
|
| 348 |
+
--save_individual \
|
| 349 |
+
--individual_output_dir ./generated/individual/ \
|
| 350 |
+
--output_path ./generated/batch.png
|
| 351 |
+
```
|
| 352 |
+
|
| 353 |
+
**CLI Parameters**:
|
| 354 |
+
|
| 355 |
+
| Parameter | Default | Description |
|
| 356 |
+
|-----------|---------|-------------|
|
| 357 |
+
| `--model_path` | `./models/generator_model.safetensors` | Path to trained model |
|
| 358 |
+
| `--output_path` | `./generated/output.png` | Output path for grid image |
|
| 359 |
+
| `--num_images` | `16` | Number of images to generate |
|
| 360 |
+
| `--grid_size` | `None` | Grid size N for NxN layout |
|
| 361 |
+
| `--seed` | `None` | Random seed for reproducibility |
|
| 362 |
+
| `--save_individual` | `False` | Save each image separately |
|
| 363 |
+
| `--individual_output_dir` | `./generated/individual/` | Directory for individual images |
|
| 364 |
+
|
| 365 |
+
---
|
| 366 |
+
|
| 367 |
+
### 3. GGUF Model Support
|
| 368 |
+
|
| 369 |
+
Use quantized GGUF models for smaller file sizes:
|
| 370 |
+
|
| 371 |
+
```bash
|
| 372 |
+
cd gguf/
|
| 373 |
+
python generator.py
|
| 374 |
+
```
|
| 375 |
+
|
| 376 |
+
The GGUF generator will:
|
| 377 |
+
1. Detect available `.gguf` files in the directory
|
| 378 |
+
2. Prompt you to select a model
|
| 379 |
+
3. Convert GGUF → SafeTensors format
|
| 380 |
+
4. Launch the standard generator
|
| 381 |
+
|
| 382 |
+
---
|
| 383 |
+
|
| 384 |
+
## Configuration
|
| 385 |
+
|
| 386 |
+
### Model Architecture Configuration
|
| 387 |
+
|
| 388 |
+
Modify these parameters in both `trainer.py` and `generator.py`:
|
| 389 |
+
|
| 390 |
+
```python
|
| 391 |
+
--codings_size 100 # Latent vector dimension
|
| 392 |
+
--image_size 24 # Output image size
|
| 393 |
+
--image_channels 4 # RGBA (4) or RGB (3)
|
| 394 |
+
```
|
| 395 |
+
|
| 396 |
+
### Training Hyperparameters
|
| 397 |
+
|
| 398 |
+
In `trainer.py`:
|
| 399 |
+
|
| 400 |
+
```python
|
| 401 |
+
# Optimizer
|
| 402 |
+
gen_optimizer = optim.RMSprop(generator.parameters(), lr=0.001)
|
| 403 |
+
disc_optimizer = optim.RMSprop(discriminator.parameters(), lr=0.001)
|
| 404 |
+
|
| 405 |
+
# Loss function
|
| 406 |
+
criterion = nn.BCELoss()
|
| 407 |
+
|
| 408 |
+
# Dropout rate (in Discriminator)
|
| 409 |
+
nn.Dropout(0.4)
|
| 410 |
+
```
|
| 411 |
+
|
| 412 |
+
### Data Preprocessing
|
| 413 |
+
|
| 414 |
+
In `trainer.py` → `ImageDataset`:
|
| 415 |
+
|
| 416 |
+
```python
|
| 417 |
+
transforms.Compose([
|
| 418 |
+
transforms.Resize((image_size, image_size)),
|
| 419 |
+
transforms.ToTensor(),
|
| 420 |
+
transforms.Normalize([0.5] * channels, [0.5] * channels) # [-1, 1]
|
| 421 |
+
])
|
| 422 |
+
```
|
| 423 |
+
|
| 424 |
+
---
|
| 425 |
+
|
| 426 |
+
## Examples
|
| 427 |
+
|
| 428 |
+
### Example 1: Train on Custom Dataset
|
| 429 |
+
|
| 430 |
+
```bash
|
| 431 |
+
# Prepare your data
|
| 432 |
+
# data/images/punk000.png, punk001.png, ..., punk099.png
|
| 433 |
+
# data/attributes.csv with ids 0-99
|
| 434 |
+
|
| 435 |
+
# Train for 100 epochs
|
| 436 |
+
python trainer.py \
|
| 437 |
+
--data_path ./data/attributes.csv \
|
| 438 |
+
--images_path ./data/images/ \
|
| 439 |
+
--epochs 100 \
|
| 440 |
+
--batch_size 32 \
|
| 441 |
+
--model_output_path ./models/my_model.safetensors
|
| 442 |
+
```
|
| 443 |
+
|
| 444 |
+
### Example 2: Generate with Specific Seed
|
| 445 |
+
|
| 446 |
+
```bash
|
| 447 |
+
# Generate same images every time
|
| 448 |
+
python generator.py \
|
| 449 |
+
--model_path ./models/generator_model.safetensors \
|
| 450 |
+
--grid_size 5 \
|
| 451 |
+
--seed 12345 \
|
| 452 |
+
--output_path ./results/reproducible.png
|
| 453 |
+
```
|
| 454 |
+
|
| 455 |
+
### Example 3: Batch Generation
|
| 456 |
+
|
| 457 |
+
```bash
|
| 458 |
+
# Generate 1000 individual images
|
| 459 |
+
python generator.py \
|
| 460 |
+
--num_images 1000 \
|
| 461 |
+
--save_individual \
|
| 462 |
+
--individual_output_dir ./dataset_synthetic/ \
|
| 463 |
+
--output_path ./dataset_synthetic/overview.png
|
| 464 |
+
```
|
| 465 |
+
|
| 466 |
+
### Example 4: Monitor Training Progress
|
| 467 |
+
|
| 468 |
+
```bash
|
| 469 |
+
# Training with progress visualization
|
| 470 |
+
python trainer.py \
|
| 471 |
+
--epochs 200 \
|
| 472 |
+
--images_output_path ./training_progress/
|
| 473 |
+
|
| 474 |
+
# View progress images
|
| 475 |
+
ls ./training_progress/
|
| 476 |
+
# epoch_0.png, epoch_1.png, ..., epoch_199.png
|
| 477 |
+
```
|
| 478 |
+
|
| 479 |
+
---
|
| 480 |
+
|
| 481 |
+
## Technical Details
|
| 482 |
+
|
| 483 |
+
### Model File Format
|
| 484 |
+
|
| 485 |
+
Models are saved in **SafeTensors** format (`.safetensors`) with embedded metadata:
|
| 486 |
+
|
| 487 |
+
```python
|
| 488 |
+
metadata = {
|
| 489 |
+
'codings_size': '100',
|
| 490 |
+
'image_size': '24',
|
| 491 |
+
'image_channels': '4'
|
| 492 |
+
}
|
| 493 |
+
```
|
| 494 |
+
|
| 495 |
+
This ensures the generator automatically loads the correct architecture.
|
| 496 |
+
|
| 497 |
+
### Image Value Ranges
|
| 498 |
+
|
| 499 |
+
- **Training**: Images normalized to [-1, 1]
|
| 500 |
+
- **Generation output**: Images scaled to [0, 1]
|
| 501 |
+
- **Saved files**: Images saved as uint8 [0, 255]
|
| 502 |
+
|
| 503 |
+
### GPU Support
|
| 504 |
+
|
| 505 |
+
The code automatically detects and uses CUDA if available:
|
| 506 |
+
|
| 507 |
+
```python
|
| 508 |
+
device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
|
| 509 |
+
```
|
| 510 |
+
|
| 511 |
+
---
|
| 512 |
+
|
| 513 |
+
## Troubleshooting
|
| 514 |
+
|
| 515 |
+
**Q: Training loss not decreasing?**
|
| 516 |
+
- Try adjusting learning rates
|
| 517 |
+
- Increase batch size or epochs
|
| 518 |
+
- Check if dataset has sufficient variety
|
| 519 |
+
|
| 520 |
+
**Q: Generated images look like noise?**
|
| 521 |
+
- Model needs more training epochs
|
| 522 |
+
- Dataset may be too small (need 50+ images minimum)
|
| 523 |
+
- Try adjusting discriminator dropout rate
|
| 524 |
+
|
| 525 |
+
**Q: GUI not launching?**
|
| 526 |
+
- Check Tkinter installation: `python -m tkinter`
|
| 527 |
+
- On Linux: `sudo apt-get install python3-tk`
|
| 528 |
+
|
| 529 |
+
**Q: CUDA out of memory?**
|
| 530 |
+
- Reduce batch size: `--batch_size 8`
|
| 531 |
+
- Reduce image size: `--image_size 16`
|
| 532 |
+
|
| 533 |
+
---
|
| 534 |
+
|
| 535 |
+
## License
|
| 536 |
+
|
| 537 |
+
This project is provided as-is for educational and creative purposes.
|
| 538 |
+
|
| 539 |
+
---
|
| 540 |
+
|
| 541 |
+
## Acknowledgments
|
| 542 |
+
|
| 543 |
+
- Built with PyTorch
|
| 544 |
+
- Inspired by DCGAN architecture
|
| 545 |
+
- Uses SafeTensors for model serialization
|