Instructions to use iamanishx/hf-test with libraries, inference providers, notebooks, and local apps. Follow these links to get started.
- Libraries
- Transformers
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with Transformers:
# Use a pipeline as a high-level helper from transformers import pipeline pipe = pipeline("text-generation", model="iamanishx/hf-test") messages = [ {"role": "user", "content": "Who are you?"}, ] pipe(messages)# Load model directly from transformers import AutoModel model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("iamanishx/hf-test", dtype="auto") - llama-cpp-python
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with llama-cpp-python:
# !pip install llama-cpp-python from llama_cpp import Llama llm = Llama.from_pretrained( repo_id="iamanishx/hf-test", filename="model.gguf", )
llm.create_chat_completion( messages = [ { "role": "user", "content": "What is the capital of France?" } ] ) - Notebooks
- Google Colab
- Kaggle
- Local Apps
- llama.cpp
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with llama.cpp:
Install from brew
brew install llama.cpp # Start a local OpenAI-compatible server with a web UI: llama-server -hf iamanishx/hf-test # Run inference directly in the terminal: llama-cli -hf iamanishx/hf-test
Install from WinGet (Windows)
winget install llama.cpp # Start a local OpenAI-compatible server with a web UI: llama-server -hf iamanishx/hf-test # Run inference directly in the terminal: llama-cli -hf iamanishx/hf-test
Use pre-built binary
# Download pre-built binary from: # https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/releases # Start a local OpenAI-compatible server with a web UI: ./llama-server -hf iamanishx/hf-test # Run inference directly in the terminal: ./llama-cli -hf iamanishx/hf-test
Build from source code
git clone https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp.git cd llama.cpp cmake -B build cmake --build build -j --target llama-server llama-cli # Start a local OpenAI-compatible server with a web UI: ./build/bin/llama-server -hf iamanishx/hf-test # Run inference directly in the terminal: ./build/bin/llama-cli -hf iamanishx/hf-test
Use Docker
docker model run hf.co/iamanishx/hf-test
- LM Studio
- Jan
- vLLM
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with vLLM:
Install from pip and serve model
# Install vLLM from pip: pip install vllm # Start the vLLM server: vllm serve "iamanishx/hf-test" # Call the server using curl (OpenAI-compatible API): curl -X POST "http://localhost:8000/v1/chat/completions" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ --data '{ "model": "iamanishx/hf-test", "messages": [ { "role": "user", "content": "What is the capital of France?" } ] }'Use Docker
docker model run hf.co/iamanishx/hf-test
- SGLang
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with SGLang:
Install from pip and serve model
# Install SGLang from pip: pip install sglang # Start the SGLang server: python3 -m sglang.launch_server \ --model-path "iamanishx/hf-test" \ --host 0.0.0.0 \ --port 30000 # Call the server using curl (OpenAI-compatible API): curl -X POST "http://localhost:30000/v1/chat/completions" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ --data '{ "model": "iamanishx/hf-test", "messages": [ { "role": "user", "content": "What is the capital of France?" } ] }'Use Docker images
docker run --gpus all \ --shm-size 32g \ -p 30000:30000 \ -v ~/.cache/huggingface:/root/.cache/huggingface \ --env "HF_TOKEN=<secret>" \ --ipc=host \ lmsysorg/sglang:latest \ python3 -m sglang.launch_server \ --model-path "iamanishx/hf-test" \ --host 0.0.0.0 \ --port 30000 # Call the server using curl (OpenAI-compatible API): curl -X POST "http://localhost:30000/v1/chat/completions" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ --data '{ "model": "iamanishx/hf-test", "messages": [ { "role": "user", "content": "What is the capital of France?" } ] }' - Ollama
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with Ollama:
ollama run hf.co/iamanishx/hf-test
- Unsloth Studio
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with Unsloth Studio:
Install Unsloth Studio (macOS, Linux, WSL)
curl -fsSL https://unsloth.ai/install.sh | sh # Run unsloth studio unsloth studio -H 0.0.0.0 -p 8888 # Then open http://localhost:8888 in your browser # Search for iamanishx/hf-test to start chatting
Install Unsloth Studio (Windows)
irm https://unsloth.ai/install.ps1 | iex # Run unsloth studio unsloth studio -H 0.0.0.0 -p 8888 # Then open http://localhost:8888 in your browser # Search for iamanishx/hf-test to start chatting
Using HuggingFace Spaces for Unsloth
# No setup required # Open https://huggingface.co/spaces/unsloth/studio in your browser # Search for iamanishx/hf-test to start chatting
- Docker Model Runner
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with Docker Model Runner:
docker model run hf.co/iamanishx/hf-test
- Lemonade
How to use iamanishx/hf-test with Lemonade:
Pull the model
# Download Lemonade from https://lemonade-server.ai/ lemonade pull iamanishx/hf-test
Run and chat with the model
lemonade run user.hf-test-{{QUANT_TAG}}List all available models
lemonade list
Upload model via docker model push
Browse files- README.md +696 -230
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</style>
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<h2 style="margin-bottom: 4px; margin-top: 0px;">OuteAI</h2>
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<a href="https://www.outeai.com/" target="_blank" style="margin-right: 10px;">🌎 OuteAI.com</a>
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<a href="https://discord.gg/vyBM87kAmf" target="_blank" style="margin-right: 10px;">🤝 Join our Discord</a>
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<a href="https://x.com/OuteAI" target="_blank">𝕏 @OuteAI</a>
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</div>
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<div class="badges">
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<a href="https://huggingface.co/OuteAI/OuteTTS-0.1-350M" target="_blank" class="badge badge-hf-blue">🤗 Hugging Face - OuteTTS 0.1 350M</a>
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<a href="https://huggingface.co/OuteAI/OuteTTS-0.1-350M-GGUF" target="_blank" class="badge badge-hf-blue">🤗 Hugging Face - OuteTTS 0.1 350M GGUF</a>
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<a href="https://huggingface.co/spaces/OuteAI/OuteTTS-0.1-350M-Demo" target="_blank" class="badge badge-hf-pink">🤗 Hugging Face - Demo</a>
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<a href="https://github.com/edwko/OuteTTS" target="_blank" class="badge badge-github">GitHub - OuteTTS</a>
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> A newer version of this model is available: [OuteTTS-0.2-500M](https://huggingface.co/OuteAI/OuteTTS-0.2-500M)
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#
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- Voice cloning capabilities
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- LLaMa architecture
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- Compatible with llama.cpp and GGUF format
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```
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[full transcription]
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[word] [duration token] [audio tokens]
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- Variable temperature sensitivity depending on use case
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- Performs best with shorter sentences, as accuracy may decrease with longer inputs
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### Speech Samples
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Listen to samples generated by OuteTTS-0.1-350M:
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<th style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px; text-align: left;">Input</th>
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<th style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px; text-align: left;">Notes</th>
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<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">Hello, I can speak pretty well, but sometimes I make some mistakes.</td>
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<audio controls style="width: 100%;">
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</audio>
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<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">(temperature=0.1, repetition_penalty=1.1)</td>
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<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">Once upon a time, there was a</td>
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<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">Scientists have discovered a new planet that may be capable of supporting life!</td>
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<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">Scientists have discovered a new planet that may be capable of supporting life!</td>
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##
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> The example below works with older `outetts` version (`==0.1.7`). The new version (`>=0.2.0`) introduces changes to the interface. Please refer to the [GitHub Usage Example](https://github.com/edwko/OuteTTS?tab=readme-ov-file#usage) for updated examples.
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###
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```python
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|
| 1 |
---
|
| 2 |
+
base_model:
|
| 3 |
+
- google/gemma-3-270m-it
|
| 4 |
+
license: gemma
|
| 5 |
+
tags:
|
| 6 |
+
- gemma3
|
| 7 |
+
- unsloth
|
| 8 |
+
- gemma
|
| 9 |
+
- google
|
| 10 |
+
pipeline_tag: text-generation
|
| 11 |
+
library_name: transformers
|
| 12 |
---
|
| 13 |
+
> [!NOTE]
|
| 14 |
+
> Please use the correct settings: `temperature = 1.0, top_k = 64, top_p = 0.95, min_p = 0.0`
|
| 15 |
+
>
|
| 16 |
+
<div>
|
| 17 |
+
<p style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0;">
|
| 18 |
+
<strong>See <a href="https://huggingface.co/collections/unsloth/gemma-3-67d12b7e8816ec6efa7e4e5b">our collection</a> for all versions of Gemma 3 including GGUF, 4-bit & 16-bit formats.</strong>
|
| 19 |
+
</p>
|
| 20 |
+
<p style="margin-bottom: 0;">
|
| 21 |
+
<em><a href="https://docs.unsloth.ai/basics/tutorial-how-to-run-gemma-3-effectively">Read our Guide</a> to see how to Run Gemma 3 correctly.</em>
|
| 22 |
+
</p>
|
| 23 |
+
<div style="display: flex; gap: 5px; align-items: center; ">
|
| 24 |
+
<a href="https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth/">
|
| 25 |
+
<img src="https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth/raw/main/images/unsloth%20new%20logo.png" width="133">
|
| 26 |
+
</a>
|
| 27 |
+
<a href="https://discord.gg/unsloth">
|
| 28 |
+
<img src="https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth/raw/main/images/Discord%20button.png" width="173">
|
| 29 |
+
</a>
|
| 30 |
+
<a href="https://docs.unsloth.ai/basics/tutorial-how-to-run-deepseek-r1-on-your-own-local-device">
|
| 31 |
+
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unslothai/unsloth/refs/heads/main/images/documentation%20green%20button.png" width="143">
|
| 32 |
+
</a>
|
|
|
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|
| 33 |
</div>
|
| 34 |
+
<h1 style="margin-top: 0rem;">✨ Fine-tune Gemma 3 with Unsloth!</h1>
|
| 35 |
</div>
|
| 36 |
|
| 37 |
+
- Fine-tune Gemma 3 (270M) for free using our Google [Colab notebook here](https://colab.research.google.com/github/unslothai/notebooks/blob/main/nb/Gemma3_(270M).ipynb)!
|
| 38 |
+
- Read our Blog about Gemma 3 support: [unsloth.ai/blog/gemma3](https://unsloth.ai/blog/gemma3)
|
| 39 |
+
- View the rest of our notebooks in our [docs here](https://docs.unsloth.ai/get-started/unsloth-notebooks).
|
| 40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 41 |
|
| 42 |
+
| Unsloth supports | Free Notebooks | Performance | Memory use |
|
| 43 |
+
|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----------|
|
| 44 |
+
| **Gemma 3 (4B)** | [▶️ Start on Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/github/unslothai/notebooks/blob/main/nb/Gemma3_(4B).ipynb) | 2x faster | 80% less |
|
| 45 |
+
| **Gemma-3n-E4B** | [▶️ Start on Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/github/unslothai/notebooks/blob/main/nb/Gemma3N_(4B)-Conversational.ipynb) | 2x faster | 60% less |
|
| 46 |
+
| **Gemma-3n-E4B (Audio)** | [▶️ Start on Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/github/unslothai/notebooks/blob/main/nb/Gemma3N_(4B)-Audio.ipynb) | 2x faster | 60% less |
|
| 47 |
+
| **GRPO with Gemma 3 (1B)** | [▶️ Start on Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/github/unslothai/notebooks/blob/main/nb/Gemma3_(1B)-GRPO.ipynb) | 2x faster | 80% less |
|
| 48 |
+
| **Gemma 3 (4B) Vision** | [▶️ Start on Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/github/unslothai/notebooks/blob/main/nb/Gemma3_(4B)-Vision.ipynb) | 2x faster | 60% less |
|
| 49 |
|
| 50 |
+
# Gemma 3 model card
|
| 51 |
|
| 52 |
+
**Model Page**: [Gemma](https://ai.google.dev/gemma/docs/core)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 53 |
|
| 54 |
+
**Resources and Technical Documentation**:
|
| 55 |
|
| 56 |
+
* [Gemma 3 Technical Report][g3-tech-report]
|
| 57 |
+
* [Responsible Generative AI Toolkit][rai-toolkit]
|
| 58 |
+
* [Gemma on Kaggle][kaggle-gemma]
|
| 59 |
+
* [Gemma on Vertex Model Garden][vertex-mg-gemma3]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 60 |
|
| 61 |
+
**Terms of Use**: [Terms][terms]
|
| 62 |
+
|
| 63 |
+
**Authors**: Google DeepMind
|
| 64 |
+
|
| 65 |
+
## Model Information
|
| 66 |
+
|
| 67 |
+
Summary description and brief definition of inputs and outputs.
|
| 68 |
+
|
| 69 |
+
### Description
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
| 70 |
|
| 71 |
+
Gemma is a family of lightweight, state-of-the-art open models from Google,
|
| 72 |
+
built from the same research and technology used to create the Gemini models.
|
| 73 |
+
Gemma 3 models are multimodal, handling text and image input and generating text
|
| 74 |
+
output, with open weights for both pre-trained variants and instruction-tuned
|
| 75 |
+
variants. Gemma 3 has a large, 128K context window, multilingual support in over
|
| 76 |
+
140 languages, and is available in more sizes than previous versions. Gemma 3
|
| 77 |
+
models are well-suited for a variety of text generation and image understanding
|
| 78 |
+
tasks, including question answering, summarization, and reasoning. Their
|
| 79 |
+
relatively small size makes it possible to deploy them in environments with
|
| 80 |
+
limited resources such as laptops, desktops or your own cloud infrastructure,
|
| 81 |
+
democratizing access to state of the art AI models and helping foster innovation
|
| 82 |
+
for everyone.
|
| 83 |
|
| 84 |
+
### Inputs and outputs
|
| 85 |
|
| 86 |
+
- **Input:**
|
| 87 |
+
- Text string, such as a question, a prompt, or a document to be summarized
|
| 88 |
+
- Images, normalized to 896 x 896 resolution and encoded to 256 tokens
|
| 89 |
+
each
|
| 90 |
+
- Total input context of 128K tokens for the 4B, 12B, and 27B sizes, and
|
| 91 |
+
32K tokens for the 1B and 270M sizes.
|
| 92 |
+
|
| 93 |
+
- **Output:**
|
| 94 |
+
- Generated text in response to the input, such as an answer to a
|
| 95 |
+
question, analysis of image content, or a summary of a document
|
| 96 |
+
- Total output context up to 128K tokens for the 4B, 12B, and 27B sizes,
|
| 97 |
+
and 32K tokens for the 1B and 270M sizes per request, subtracting the
|
| 98 |
+
request input tokens
|
| 99 |
+
|
| 100 |
+
### Citation
|
| 101 |
+
|
| 102 |
+
```none
|
| 103 |
+
@article{gemma_2025,
|
| 104 |
+
title={Gemma 3},
|
| 105 |
+
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.19786},
|
| 106 |
+
publisher={Google DeepMind},
|
| 107 |
+
author={Gemma Team},
|
| 108 |
+
year={2025}
|
| 109 |
+
}
|
| 110 |
```
|
| 111 |
|
| 112 |
+
## Model Data
|
| 113 |
|
| 114 |
+
Data used for model training and how the data was processed.
|
|
|
|
| 115 |
|
| 116 |
+
### Training Dataset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 117 |
|
| 118 |
+
These models were trained on a dataset of text data that includes a wide variety
|
| 119 |
+
of sources. The 27B model was trained with 14 trillion tokens, the 12B model was
|
| 120 |
+
trained with 12 trillion tokens, 4B model was trained with 4 trillion tokens,
|
| 121 |
+
the 1B with 2 trillion tokens, and the 270M with 6 trillion tokens. The
|
| 122 |
+
knowledge cutoff date for the training data was August 2024. Here are the key
|
| 123 |
+
components:
|
| 124 |
|
| 125 |
+
- Web Documents: A diverse collection of web text ensures the model is
|
| 126 |
+
exposed to a broad range of linguistic styles, topics, and vocabulary. The
|
| 127 |
+
training dataset includes content in over 140 languages.
|
| 128 |
+
- Code: Exposing the model to code helps it to learn the syntax and
|
| 129 |
+
patterns of programming languages, which improves its ability to generate
|
| 130 |
+
code and understand code-related questions.
|
| 131 |
+
- Mathematics: Training on mathematical text helps the model learn logical
|
| 132 |
+
reasoning, symbolic representation, and to address mathematical queries.
|
| 133 |
+
- Images: A wide range of images enables the model to perform image
|
| 134 |
+
analysis and visual data extraction tasks.
|
| 135 |
|
| 136 |
+
The combination of these diverse data sources is crucial for training a powerful
|
| 137 |
+
multimodal model that can handle a wide variety of different tasks and data
|
| 138 |
+
formats.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 139 |
|
| 140 |
+
### Data Preprocessing
|
|
|
|
| 141 |
|
| 142 |
+
Here are the key data cleaning and filtering methods applied to the training
|
| 143 |
+
data:
|
|
|
|
| 144 |
|
| 145 |
+
- CSAM Filtering: Rigorous CSAM (Child Sexual Abuse Material) filtering
|
| 146 |
+
was applied at multiple stages in the data preparation process to ensure
|
| 147 |
+
the exclusion of harmful and illegal content.
|
| 148 |
+
- Sensitive Data Filtering: As part of making Gemma pre-trained models
|
| 149 |
+
safe and reliable, automated techniques were used to filter out certain
|
| 150 |
+
personal information and other sensitive data from training sets.
|
| 151 |
+
- Additional methods: Filtering based on content quality and safety in
|
| 152 |
+
line with [our policies][safety-policies].
|
| 153 |
+
|
| 154 |
+
## Implementation Information
|
| 155 |
+
|
| 156 |
+
Details about the model internals.
|
| 157 |
+
|
| 158 |
+
### Hardware
|
| 159 |
+
|
| 160 |
+
Gemma was trained using [Tensor Processing Unit (TPU)][tpu] hardware (TPUv4p,
|
| 161 |
+
TPUv5p and TPUv5e). Training vision-language models (VLMS) requires significant
|
| 162 |
+
computational power. TPUs, designed specifically for matrix operations common in
|
| 163 |
+
machine learning, offer several advantages in this domain:
|
| 164 |
+
|
| 165 |
+
- Performance: TPUs are specifically designed to handle the massive
|
| 166 |
+
computations involved in training VLMs. They can speed up training
|
| 167 |
+
considerably compared to CPUs.
|
| 168 |
+
- Memory: TPUs often come with large amounts of high-bandwidth memory,
|
| 169 |
+
allowing for the handling of large models and batch sizes during training.
|
| 170 |
+
This can lead to better model quality.
|
| 171 |
+
- Scalability: TPU Pods (large clusters of TPUs) provide a scalable
|
| 172 |
+
solution for handling the growing complexity of large foundation models.
|
| 173 |
+
You can distribute training across multiple TPU devices for faster and more
|
| 174 |
+
efficient processing.
|
| 175 |
+
- Cost-effectiveness: In many scenarios, TPUs can provide a more
|
| 176 |
+
cost-effective solution for training large models compared to CPU-based
|
| 177 |
+
infrastructure, especially when considering the time and resources saved
|
| 178 |
+
due to faster training.
|
| 179 |
+
- These advantages are aligned with
|
| 180 |
+
[Google's commitments to operate sustainably][sustainability].
|
| 181 |
+
|
| 182 |
+
### Software
|
| 183 |
+
|
| 184 |
+
Training was done using [JAX][jax] and [ML Pathways][ml-pathways].
|
| 185 |
+
|
| 186 |
+
JAX allows researchers to take advantage of the latest generation of hardware,
|
| 187 |
+
including TPUs, for faster and more efficient training of large models. ML
|
| 188 |
+
Pathways is Google's latest effort to build artificially intelligent systems
|
| 189 |
+
capable of generalizing across multiple tasks. This is specially suitable for
|
| 190 |
+
foundation models, including large language models like these ones.
|
| 191 |
+
|
| 192 |
+
Together, JAX and ML Pathways are used as described in the
|
| 193 |
+
[paper about the Gemini family of models][gemini-2-paper]; *"the 'single
|
| 194 |
+
controller' programming model of Jax and Pathways allows a single Python
|
| 195 |
+
process to orchestrate the entire training run, dramatically simplifying the
|
| 196 |
+
development workflow."*
|
| 197 |
+
|
| 198 |
+
## Evaluation
|
| 199 |
+
|
| 200 |
+
Model evaluation metrics and results.
|
| 201 |
+
|
| 202 |
+
### Benchmark Results
|
| 203 |
+
|
| 204 |
+
These models were evaluated against a large collection of different datasets and
|
| 205 |
+
metrics to cover different aspects of text generation. Evaluation results marked
|
| 206 |
+
with **IT** are for instruction-tuned models. Evaluation results marked with
|
| 207 |
+
**PT** are for pre-trained models.
|
| 208 |
+
|
| 209 |
+
|
| 210 |
+
|
| 211 |
+
# Gemma 3 model card
|
| 212 |
+
|
| 213 |
+
**Model Page**: [Gemma](https://ai.google.dev/gemma/docs/core)
|
| 214 |
+
|
| 215 |
+
**Resources and Technical Documentation**:
|
| 216 |
+
|
| 217 |
+
* [Gemma 3 Technical Report][g3-tech-report]
|
| 218 |
+
* [Responsible Generative AI Toolkit][rai-toolkit]
|
| 219 |
+
* [Gemma on Kaggle][kaggle-gemma]
|
| 220 |
+
* [Gemma on Vertex Model Garden][vertex-mg-gemma3]
|
| 221 |
+
|
| 222 |
+
**Terms of Use**: [Terms][terms]
|
| 223 |
+
|
| 224 |
+
**Authors**: Google DeepMind
|
| 225 |
+
|
| 226 |
+
## Model Information
|
| 227 |
+
|
| 228 |
+
Summary description and brief definition of inputs and outputs.
|
| 229 |
+
|
| 230 |
+
### Description
|
| 231 |
+
|
| 232 |
+
Gemma is a family of lightweight, state-of-the-art open models from Google,
|
| 233 |
+
built from the same research and technology used to create the Gemini models.
|
| 234 |
+
Gemma 3 models are multimodal, handling text and image input and generating text
|
| 235 |
+
output, with open weights for both pre-trained variants and instruction-tuned
|
| 236 |
+
variants. Gemma 3 has a large, 128K context window, multilingual support in over
|
| 237 |
+
140 languages, and is available in more sizes than previous versions. Gemma 3
|
| 238 |
+
models are well-suited for a variety of text generation and image understanding
|
| 239 |
+
tasks, including question answering, summarization, and reasoning. Their
|
| 240 |
+
relatively small size makes it possible to deploy them in environments with
|
| 241 |
+
limited resources such as laptops, desktops or your own cloud infrastructure,
|
| 242 |
+
democratizing access to state of the art AI models and helping foster innovation
|
| 243 |
+
for everyone.
|
| 244 |
+
|
| 245 |
+
### Inputs and outputs
|
| 246 |
+
|
| 247 |
+
- **Input:**
|
| 248 |
+
- Text string, such as a question, a prompt, or a document to be summarized
|
| 249 |
+
- Images, normalized to 896 x 896 resolution and encoded to 256 tokens
|
| 250 |
+
each, for the 4B, 12B, and 27B sizes.
|
| 251 |
+
- Total input context of 128K tokens for the 4B, 12B, and 27B sizes, and
|
| 252 |
+
32K tokens for the 1B and 270M sizes.
|
| 253 |
+
|
| 254 |
+
- **Output:**
|
| 255 |
+
- Generated text in response to the input, such as an answer to a
|
| 256 |
+
question, analysis of image content, or a summary of a document
|
| 257 |
+
- Total output context up to 128K tokens for the 4B, 12B, and 27B sizes,
|
| 258 |
+
and 32K tokens for the 1B and 270M sizes per request, subtracting the
|
| 259 |
+
request input tokens
|
| 260 |
+
|
| 261 |
+
### Citation
|
| 262 |
+
|
| 263 |
+
```none
|
| 264 |
+
@article{gemma_2025,
|
| 265 |
+
title={Gemma 3},
|
| 266 |
+
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.19786},
|
| 267 |
+
publisher={Google DeepMind},
|
| 268 |
+
author={Gemma Team},
|
| 269 |
+
year={2025}
|
| 270 |
+
}
|
| 271 |
```
|
| 272 |
|
| 273 |
+
## Model Data
|
| 274 |
+
|
| 275 |
+
Data used for model training and how the data was processed.
|
| 276 |
+
|
| 277 |
+
### Training Dataset
|
| 278 |
+
|
| 279 |
+
These models were trained on a dataset of text data that includes a wide variety
|
| 280 |
+
of sources. The 27B model was trained with 14 trillion tokens, the 12B model was
|
| 281 |
+
trained with 12 trillion tokens, 4B model was trained with 4 trillion tokens,
|
| 282 |
+
the 1B with 2 trillion tokens, and the 270M with 6 trillion tokens. The
|
| 283 |
+
knowledge cutoff date for the training data was August 2024. Here are the key
|
| 284 |
+
components:
|
| 285 |
+
|
| 286 |
+
- Web Documents: A diverse collection of web text ensures the model is
|
| 287 |
+
exposed to a broad range of linguistic styles, topics, and vocabulary. The
|
| 288 |
+
training dataset includes content in over 140 languages.
|
| 289 |
+
- Code: Exposing the model to code helps it to learn the syntax and
|
| 290 |
+
patterns of programming languages, which improves its ability to generate
|
| 291 |
+
code and understand code-related questions.
|
| 292 |
+
- Mathematics: Training on mathematical text helps the model learn logical
|
| 293 |
+
reasoning, symbolic representation, and to address mathematical queries.
|
| 294 |
+
- Images: A wide range of images enables the model to perform image
|
| 295 |
+
analysis and visual data extraction tasks.
|
| 296 |
+
|
| 297 |
+
The combination of these diverse data sources is crucial for training a powerful
|
| 298 |
+
multimodal model that can handle a wide variety of different tasks and data
|
| 299 |
+
formats.
|
| 300 |
+
|
| 301 |
+
### Data Preprocessing
|
| 302 |
+
|
| 303 |
+
Here are the key data cleaning and filtering methods applied to the training
|
| 304 |
+
data:
|
| 305 |
+
|
| 306 |
+
- CSAM Filtering: Rigorous CSAM (Child Sexual Abuse Material) filtering
|
| 307 |
+
was applied at multiple stages in the data preparation process to ensure
|
| 308 |
+
the exclusion of harmful and illegal content.
|
| 309 |
+
- Sensitive Data Filtering: As part of making Gemma pre-trained models
|
| 310 |
+
safe and reliable, automated techniques were used to filter out certain
|
| 311 |
+
personal information and other sensitive data from training sets.
|
| 312 |
+
- Additional methods: Filtering based on content quality and safety in
|
| 313 |
+
line with [our policies][safety-policies].
|
| 314 |
+
|
| 315 |
+
## Implementation Information
|
| 316 |
+
|
| 317 |
+
Details about the model internals.
|
| 318 |
+
|
| 319 |
+
### Hardware
|
| 320 |
+
|
| 321 |
+
Gemma was trained using [Tensor Processing Unit (TPU)][tpu] hardware (TPUv4p,
|
| 322 |
+
TPUv5p and TPUv5e). Training vision-language models (VLMS) requires significant
|
| 323 |
+
computational power. TPUs, designed specifically for matrix operations common in
|
| 324 |
+
machine learning, offer several advantages in this domain:
|
| 325 |
+
|
| 326 |
+
- Performance: TPUs are specifically designed to handle the massive
|
| 327 |
+
computations involved in training VLMs. They can speed up training
|
| 328 |
+
considerably compared to CPUs.
|
| 329 |
+
- Memory: TPUs often come with large amounts of high-bandwidth memory,
|
| 330 |
+
allowing for the handling of large models and batch sizes during training.
|
| 331 |
+
This can lead to better model quality.
|
| 332 |
+
- Scalability: TPU Pods (large clusters of TPUs) provide a scalable
|
| 333 |
+
solution for handling the growing complexity of large foundation models.
|
| 334 |
+
You can distribute training across multiple TPU devices for faster and more
|
| 335 |
+
efficient processing.
|
| 336 |
+
- Cost-effectiveness: In many scenarios, TPUs can provide a more
|
| 337 |
+
cost-effective solution for training large models compared to CPU-based
|
| 338 |
+
infrastructure, especially when considering the time and resources saved
|
| 339 |
+
due to faster training.
|
| 340 |
+
- These advantages are aligned with
|
| 341 |
+
[Google's commitments to operate sustainably][sustainability].
|
| 342 |
+
|
| 343 |
+
### Software
|
| 344 |
+
|
| 345 |
+
Training was done using [JAX][jax] and [ML Pathways][ml-pathways].
|
| 346 |
+
|
| 347 |
+
JAX allows researchers to take advantage of the latest generation of hardware,
|
| 348 |
+
including TPUs, for faster and more efficient training of large models. ML
|
| 349 |
+
Pathways is Google's latest effort to build artificially intelligent systems
|
| 350 |
+
capable of generalizing across multiple tasks. This is specially suitable for
|
| 351 |
+
foundation models, including large language models like these ones.
|
| 352 |
+
|
| 353 |
+
Together, JAX and ML Pathways are used as described in the
|
| 354 |
+
[paper about the Gemini family of models][gemini-2-paper]; *"the 'single
|
| 355 |
+
controller' programming model of Jax and Pathways allows a single Python
|
| 356 |
+
process to orchestrate the entire training run, dramatically simplifying the
|
| 357 |
+
development workflow."*
|
| 358 |
+
|
| 359 |
+
## Evaluation
|
| 360 |
+
|
| 361 |
+
Model evaluation metrics and results.
|
| 362 |
+
|
| 363 |
+
### Benchmark Results
|
| 364 |
+
|
| 365 |
+
These models were evaluated against a large collection of different datasets and
|
| 366 |
+
metrics to cover different aspects of text generation. Evaluation results marked
|
| 367 |
+
with **IT** are for instruction-tuned models. Evaluation results marked with
|
| 368 |
+
**PT** are for pre-trained models.
|
| 369 |
+
|
| 370 |
+
#### Gemma 3 270M
|
| 371 |
+
|
| 372 |
+
| **Benchmark** | **n-shot** | **Gemma 3 PT 270M** |
|
| 373 |
+
| :------------------------ | :-----------: | ------------------: |
|
| 374 |
+
| [HellaSwag][hellaswag] | 10-shot | 40.9 |
|
| 375 |
+
| [BoolQ][boolq] | 0-shot | 61.4 |
|
| 376 |
+
| [PIQA][piqa] | 0-shot | 67.7 |
|
| 377 |
+
| [TriviaQA][triviaqa] | 5-shot | 15.4 |
|
| 378 |
+
| [ARC-c][arc] | 25-shot | 29.0 |
|
| 379 |
+
| [ARC-e][arc] | 0-shot | 57.7 |
|
| 380 |
+
| [WinoGrande][winogrande] | 5-shot | 52.0 |
|
| 381 |
+
|
| 382 |
+
[hellaswag]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07830
|
| 383 |
+
[boolq]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.10044
|
| 384 |
+
[piqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.11641
|
| 385 |
+
[triviaqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.03551
|
| 386 |
+
[arc]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01547
|
| 387 |
+
[winogrande]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.10641
|
| 388 |
+
|
| 389 |
+
| **Benchmark** | **n-shot** | **Gemma 3 IT 270m** |
|
| 390 |
+
| :------------------------ | :-----------: | ------------------: |
|
| 391 |
+
| [HellaSwag][hellaswag] | 0-shot | 37.7 |
|
| 392 |
+
| [PIQA][piqa] | 0-shot | 66.2 |
|
| 393 |
+
| [ARC-c][arc] | 0-shot | 28.2 |
|
| 394 |
+
| [WinoGrande][winogrande] | 0-shot | 52.3 |
|
| 395 |
+
| [BIG-Bench Hard][bbh] | few-shot | 26.7 |
|
| 396 |
+
| [IF Eval][ifeval] | 0-shot | 51.2 |
|
| 397 |
+
|
| 398 |
+
[hellaswag]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07830
|
| 399 |
+
[piqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.11641
|
| 400 |
+
[arc]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01547
|
| 401 |
+
[winogrande]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.10641
|
| 402 |
+
[bbh]: https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/bbh
|
| 403 |
+
[bbh]: https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/bbh
|
| 404 |
+
[ifeval]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.07911
|
| 405 |
+
|
| 406 |
+
#### Gemma 3 1B, 4B, 12B & 27B
|
| 407 |
+
|
| 408 |
+
##### Reasoning and factuality
|
| 409 |
+
|
| 410 |
+
| Benchmark | n-shot | Gemma 3 IT 1B | Gemma 3 IT 4B | Gemma 3 IT 12B | Gemma 3 IT 27B |
|
| 411 |
+
|--------------------------------|--------|:-------------:|:-------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|
|
| 412 |
+
| [GPQA][gpqa] Diamond | 0-shot | 19.2 | 30.8 | 40.9 | 42.4 |
|
| 413 |
+
| [SimpleQA][simpleqa] | 0-shot | 2.2 | 4.0 | 6.3 | 10.0 |
|
| 414 |
+
| [FACTS Grounding][facts-grdg] | - | 36.4 | 70.1 | 75.8 | 74.9 |
|
| 415 |
+
| [BIG-Bench Hard][bbh] | 0-shot | 39.1 | 72.2 | 85.7 | 87.6 |
|
| 416 |
+
| [BIG-Bench Extra Hard][bbeh] | 0-shot | 7.2 | 11.0 | 16.3 | 19.3 |
|
| 417 |
+
| [IFEval][ifeval] | 0-shot | 80.2 | 90.2 | 88.9 | 90.4 |
|
| 418 |
+
|
| 419 |
+
| Benchmark | n-shot | Gemma 3 PT 1B | Gemma 3 PT 4B | Gemma 3 PT 12B | Gemma 3 PT 27B |
|
| 420 |
+
| ------------------------------ |----------|:--------------:|:-------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|
|
| 421 |
+
| [HellaSwag][hellaswag] | 10-shot | 62.3 | 77.2 | 84.2 | 85.6 |
|
| 422 |
+
| [BoolQ][boolq] | 0-shot | 63.2 | 72.3 | 78.8 | 82.4 |
|
| 423 |
+
| [PIQA][piqa] | 0-shot | 73.8 | 79.6 | 81.8 | 83.3 |
|
| 424 |
+
| [SocialIQA][socialiqa] | 0-shot | 48.9 | 51.9 | 53.4 | 54.9 |
|
| 425 |
+
| [TriviaQA][triviaqa] | 5-shot | 39.8 | 65.8 | 78.2 | 85.5 |
|
| 426 |
+
| [Natural Questions][naturalq] | 5-shot | 9.48 | 20.0 | 31.4 | 36.1 |
|
| 427 |
+
| [ARC-c][arc] | 25-shot | 38.4 | 56.2 | 68.9 | 70.6 |
|
| 428 |
+
| [ARC-e][arc] | 0-shot | 73.0 | 82.4 | 88.3 | 89.0 |
|
| 429 |
+
| [WinoGrande][winogrande] | 5-shot | 58.2 | 64.7 | 74.3 | 78.8 |
|
| 430 |
+
| [BIG-Bench Hard][bbh] | few-shot | 28.4 | 50.9 | 72.6 | 77.7 |
|
| 431 |
+
| [DROP][drop] | 1-shot | 42.4 | 60.1 | 72.2 | 77.2 |
|
| 432 |
+
|
| 433 |
+
[gpqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.12022
|
| 434 |
+
[simpleqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04368
|
| 435 |
+
[facts-grdg]: https://goo.gle/FACTS_paper
|
| 436 |
+
[bbeh]: https://github.com/google-deepmind/bbeh
|
| 437 |
+
[ifeval]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.07911
|
| 438 |
+
[hellaswag]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07830
|
| 439 |
+
[boolq]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.10044
|
| 440 |
+
[piqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.11641
|
| 441 |
+
[socialiqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09728
|
| 442 |
+
[triviaqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.03551
|
| 443 |
+
[naturalq]: https://github.com/google-research-datasets/natural-questions
|
| 444 |
+
[arc]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01547
|
| 445 |
+
[winogrande]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.10641
|
| 446 |
+
[bbh]: https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/bbh
|
| 447 |
+
[drop]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.00161
|
| 448 |
+
|
| 449 |
+
##### STEM and code
|
| 450 |
+
|
| 451 |
+
| Benchmark | n-shot | Gemma 3 IT 1B | Gemma 3 IT 4B | Gemma 3 IT 12B | Gemma 3 IT 27B |
|
| 452 |
+
|----------------------------|--------|:-------------:|:-------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|
|
| 453 |
+
| [MMLU][mmlu] (Pro) | 0-shot | 14.7 | 43.6 | 60.6 | 67.5 |
|
| 454 |
+
| [LiveCodeBench][lcb] | 0-shot | 1.9 | 12.6 | 24.6 | 29.7 |
|
| 455 |
+
| [Bird-SQL][bird-sql] (dev) | - | 6.4 | 36.3 | 47.9 | 54.4 |
|
| 456 |
+
| [Math][math] | 0-shot | 48.0 | 75.6 | 83.8 | 89.0 |
|
| 457 |
+
| HiddenMath | 0-shot | 15.8 | 43.0 | 54.5 | 60.3 |
|
| 458 |
+
| [MBPP][mbpp] | 3-shot | 35.2 | 63.2 | 73.0 | 74.4 |
|
| 459 |
+
| [HumanEval][humaneval] | 0-shot | 41.5 | 71.3 | 85.4 | 87.8 |
|
| 460 |
+
| [Natural2Code][nat2code] | 0-shot | 56.0 | 70.3 | 80.7 | 84.5 |
|
| 461 |
+
| [GSM8K][gsm8k] | 0-shot | 62.8 | 89.2 | 94.4 | 95.9 |
|
| 462 |
+
|
| 463 |
+
| Benchmark | n-shot | Gemma 3 PT 4B | Gemma 3 PT 12B | Gemma 3 PT 27B |
|
| 464 |
+
| ------------------------------ |----------------|:-------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|
|
| 465 |
+
| [MMLU][mmlu] | 5-shot | 59.6 | 74.5 | 78.6 |
|
| 466 |
+
| [MMLU][mmlu] (Pro COT) | 5-shot | 29.2 | 45.3 | 52.2 |
|
| 467 |
+
| [AGIEval][agieval] | 3-5-shot | 42.1 | 57.4 | 66.2 |
|
| 468 |
+
| [MATH][math] | 4-shot | 24.2 | 43.3 | 50.0 |
|
| 469 |
+
| [GSM8K][gsm8k] | 8-shot | 38.4 | 71.0 | 82.6 |
|
| 470 |
+
| [GPQA][gpqa] | 5-shot | 15.0 | 25.4 | 24.3 |
|
| 471 |
+
| [MBPP][mbpp] | 3-shot | 46.0 | 60.4 | 65.6 |
|
| 472 |
+
| [HumanEval][humaneval] | 0-shot | 36.0 | 45.7 | 48.8 |
|
| 473 |
+
|
| 474 |
+
[mmlu]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.03300
|
| 475 |
+
[agieval]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.06364
|
| 476 |
+
[math]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03874
|
| 477 |
+
[gsm8k]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.14168
|
| 478 |
+
[gpqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.12022
|
| 479 |
+
[mbpp]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.07732
|
| 480 |
+
[humaneval]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.03374
|
| 481 |
+
[lcb]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.07974
|
| 482 |
+
[bird-sql]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.03111
|
| 483 |
+
[nat2code]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.04520
|
| 484 |
+
|
| 485 |
+
#### Multilingual
|
| 486 |
+
|
| 487 |
+
| Benchmark | n-shot | Gemma 3 IT 1B | Gemma 3 IT 4B | Gemma 3 IT 12B | Gemma 3 IT 27B |
|
| 488 |
+
|--------------------------------------|--------|:-------------:|:-------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|
|
| 489 |
+
| [Global-MMLU-Lite][global-mmlu-lite] | 0-shot | 34.2 | 54.5 | 69.5 | 75.1 |
|
| 490 |
+
| [ECLeKTic][eclektic] | 0-shot | 1.4 | 4.6 | 10.3 | 16.7 |
|
| 491 |
+
| [WMT24++][wmt24pp] | 0-shot | 35.9 | 46.8 | 51.6 | 53.4 |
|
| 492 |
+
|
| 493 |
+
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 PT 1B | Gemma 3 PT 4B | Gemma 3 PT 12B | Gemma 3 PT 27B |
|
| 494 |
+
| ------------------------------------ |:-------------:|:-------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|
|
| 495 |
+
| [MGSM][mgsm] | 2.04 | 34.7 | 64.3 | 74.3 |
|
| 496 |
+
| [Global-MMLU-Lite][global-mmlu-lite] | 24.9 | 57.0 | 69.4 | 75.7 |
|
| 497 |
+
| [WMT24++][wmt24pp] (ChrF) | 36.7 | 48.4 | 53.9 | 55.7 |
|
| 498 |
+
| [FloRes][flores] | 29.5 | 39.2 | 46.0 | 48.8 |
|
| 499 |
+
| [XQuAD][xquad] (all) | 43.9 | 68.0 | 74.5 | 76.8 |
|
| 500 |
+
| [ECLeKTic][eclektic] | 4.69 | 11.0 | 17.2 | 24.4 |
|
| 501 |
+
| [IndicGenBench][indicgenbench] | 41.4 | 57.2 | 61.7 | 63.4 |
|
| 502 |
+
|
| 503 |
+
[mgsm]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03057
|
| 504 |
+
[flores]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.03193
|
| 505 |
+
[xquad]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.11856v3
|
| 506 |
+
[global-mmlu-lite]: https://huggingface.co/datasets/CohereForAI/Global-MMLU-Lite
|
| 507 |
+
[wmt24pp]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.12404v1
|
| 508 |
+
[eclektic]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.21228
|
| 509 |
+
[indicgenbench]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.16816
|
| 510 |
+
|
| 511 |
+
##### Multimodal
|
| 512 |
+
|
| 513 |
+
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 IT 4B | Gemma 3 IT 12B | Gemma 3 IT 27B |
|
| 514 |
+
|-----------------------------------|:-------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|
|
| 515 |
+
| [MMMU][mmmu] (val) | 48.8 | 59.6 | 64.9 |
|
| 516 |
+
| [DocVQA][docvqa] | 75.8 | 87.1 | 86.6 |
|
| 517 |
+
| [InfoVQA][info-vqa] | 50.0 | 64.9 | 70.6 |
|
| 518 |
+
| [TextVQA][textvqa] | 57.8 | 67.7 | 65.1 |
|
| 519 |
+
| [AI2D][ai2d] | 74.8 | 84.2 | 84.5 |
|
| 520 |
+
| [ChartQA][chartqa] | 68.8 | 75.7 | 78.0 |
|
| 521 |
+
| [VQAv2][vqav2] (val) | 62.4 | 71.6 | 71.0 |
|
| 522 |
+
| [MathVista][mathvista] (testmini) | 50.0 | 62.9 | 67.6 |
|
| 523 |
+
|
| 524 |
+
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 PT 4B | Gemma 3 PT 12B | Gemma 3 PT 27B |
|
| 525 |
+
| ------------------------------ |:-------------:|:--------------:|:--------------:|
|
| 526 |
+
| [COCOcap][coco-cap] | 102 | 111 | 116 |
|
| 527 |
+
| [DocVQA][docvqa] (val) | 72.8 | 82.3 | 85.6 |
|
| 528 |
+
| [InfoVQA][info-vqa] (val) | 44.1 | 54.8 | 59.4 |
|
| 529 |
+
| [MMMU][mmmu] (pt) | 39.2 | 50.3 | 56.1 |
|
| 530 |
+
| [TextVQA][textvqa] (val) | 58.9 | 66.5 | 68.6 |
|
| 531 |
+
| [RealWorldQA][realworldqa] | 45.5 | 52.2 | 53.9 |
|
| 532 |
+
| [ReMI][remi] | 27.3 | 38.5 | 44.8 |
|
| 533 |
+
| [AI2D][ai2d] | 63.2 | 75.2 | 79.0 |
|
| 534 |
+
| [ChartQA][chartqa] | 63.6 | 74.7 | 76.3 |
|
| 535 |
+
| [VQAv2][vqav2] | 63.9 | 71.2 | 72.9 |
|
| 536 |
+
| [BLINK][blinkvqa] | 38.0 | 35.9 | 39.6 |
|
| 537 |
+
| [OKVQA][okvqa] | 51.0 | 58.7 | 60.2 |
|
| 538 |
+
| [TallyQA][tallyqa] | 42.5 | 51.8 | 54.3 |
|
| 539 |
+
| [SpatialSense VQA][ss-vqa] | 50.9 | 60.0 | 59.4 |
|
| 540 |
+
| [CountBenchQA][countbenchqa] | 26.1 | 17.8 | 68.0 |
|
| 541 |
+
|
| 542 |
+
[coco-cap]: https://cocodataset.org/#home
|
| 543 |
+
[docvqa]: https://www.docvqa.org/
|
| 544 |
+
[info-vqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.12756
|
| 545 |
+
[mmmu]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.16502
|
| 546 |
+
[textvqa]: https://textvqa.org/
|
| 547 |
+
[realworldqa]: https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/realworldqa
|
| 548 |
+
[remi]: https://arxiv.org/html/2406.09175v1
|
| 549 |
+
[ai2d]: https://allenai.org/data/diagrams
|
| 550 |
+
[chartqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.10244
|
| 551 |
+
[vqav2]: https://visualqa.org/index.html
|
| 552 |
+
[blinkvqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.12390
|
| 553 |
+
[okvqa]: https://okvqa.allenai.org/
|
| 554 |
+
[tallyqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.12440
|
| 555 |
+
[ss-vqa]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.02660
|
| 556 |
+
[countbenchqa]: https://github.com/google-research/big_vision/blob/main/big_vision/datasets/countbenchqa/
|
| 557 |
+
[mathvista]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.02255
|
| 558 |
+
|
| 559 |
+
## Ethics and Safety
|
| 560 |
+
|
| 561 |
+
Ethics and safety evaluation approach and results.
|
| 562 |
+
|
| 563 |
+
### Evaluation Approach
|
| 564 |
+
|
| 565 |
+
Our evaluation methods include structured evaluations and internal red-teaming
|
| 566 |
+
testing of relevant content policies. Red-teaming was conducted by a number of
|
| 567 |
+
different teams, each with different goals and human evaluation metrics. These
|
| 568 |
+
models were evaluated against a number of different categories relevant to
|
| 569 |
+
ethics and safety, including:
|
| 570 |
+
|
| 571 |
+
- **Child Safety**: Evaluation of text-to-text and image to text prompts
|
| 572 |
+
covering child safety policies, including child sexual abuse and
|
| 573 |
+
exploitation.
|
| 574 |
+
- **Content Safety:** Evaluation of text-to-text and image to text prompts
|
| 575 |
+
covering safety policies including, harassment, violence and gore, and hate
|
| 576 |
+
speech.
|
| 577 |
+
- **Representational Harms**: Evaluation of text-to-text and image to text
|
| 578 |
+
prompts covering safety policies including bias, stereotyping, and harmful
|
| 579 |
+
associations or inaccuracies.
|
| 580 |
+
|
| 581 |
+
In addition to development level evaluations, we conduct "assurance
|
| 582 |
+
evaluations" which are our 'arms-length' internal evaluations for responsibility
|
| 583 |
+
governance decision making. They are conducted separately from the model
|
| 584 |
+
development team, to inform decision making about release. High level findings
|
| 585 |
+
are fed back to the model team, but prompt sets are held-out to prevent
|
| 586 |
+
overfitting and preserve the results' ability to inform decision making.
|
| 587 |
+
Assurance evaluation results are reported to our Responsibility & Safety Council
|
| 588 |
+
as part of release review.
|
| 589 |
+
|
| 590 |
+
### Evaluation Results
|
| 591 |
+
|
| 592 |
+
For all areas of safety testing, we saw major improvements in the categories of
|
| 593 |
+
child safety, content safety, and representational harms relative to previous
|
| 594 |
+
Gemma models. All testing was conducted without safety filters to evaluate the
|
| 595 |
+
model capabilities and behaviors. For both text-to-text and image-to-text, and
|
| 596 |
+
across all model sizes, the model produced minimal policy violations, and showed
|
| 597 |
+
significant improvements over previous Gemma models' performance with respect
|
| 598 |
+
to ungrounded inferences. A limitation of our evaluations was they included only
|
| 599 |
+
English language prompts.
|
| 600 |
+
|
| 601 |
+
## Usage and Limitations
|
| 602 |
+
|
| 603 |
+
These models have certain limitations that users should be aware of.
|
| 604 |
+
|
| 605 |
+
### Intended Usage
|
| 606 |
+
|
| 607 |
+
Open vision-language models (VLMs) models have a wide range of applications
|
| 608 |
+
across various industries and domains. The following list of potential uses is
|
| 609 |
+
not comprehensive. The purpose of this list is to provide contextual information
|
| 610 |
+
about the possible use-cases that the model creators considered as part of model
|
| 611 |
+
training and development.
|
| 612 |
+
|
| 613 |
+
- Content Creation and Communication
|
| 614 |
+
- Text Generation: These models can be used to generate creative text
|
| 615 |
+
formats such as poems, scripts, code, marketing copy, and email drafts.
|
| 616 |
+
- Chatbots and Conversational AI: Power conversational interfaces
|
| 617 |
+
for customer service, virtual assistants, or interactive applications.
|
| 618 |
+
- Text Summarization: Generate concise summaries of a text corpus,
|
| 619 |
+
research papers, or reports.
|
| 620 |
+
- Image Data Extraction: These models can be used to extract,
|
| 621 |
+
interpret, and summarize visual data for text communications.
|
| 622 |
+
- Research and Education
|
| 623 |
+
- Natural Language Processing (NLP) and VLM Research: These
|
| 624 |
+
models can serve as a foundation for researchers to experiment with VLM
|
| 625 |
+
and NLP techniques, develop algorithms, and contribute to the
|
| 626 |
+
advancement of the field.
|
| 627 |
+
- Language Learning Tools: Support interactive language learning
|
| 628 |
+
experiences, aiding in grammar correction or providing writing practice.
|
| 629 |
+
- Knowledge Exploration: Assist researchers in exploring large
|
| 630 |
+
bodies of text by generating summaries or answering questions about
|
| 631 |
+
specific topics.
|
| 632 |
+
|
| 633 |
+
### Limitations
|
| 634 |
+
|
| 635 |
+
- Training Data
|
| 636 |
+
- The quality and diversity of the training data significantly
|
| 637 |
+
influence the model's capabilities. Biases or gaps in the training data
|
| 638 |
+
can lead to limitations in the model's responses.
|
| 639 |
+
- The scope of the training dataset determines the subject areas
|
| 640 |
+
the model can handle effectively.
|
| 641 |
+
- Context and Task Complexity
|
| 642 |
+
- Models are better at tasks that can be framed with clear
|
| 643 |
+
prompts and instructions. Open-ended or highly complex tasks might be
|
| 644 |
+
challenging.
|
| 645 |
+
- A model's performance can be influenced by the amount of context
|
| 646 |
+
provided (longer context generally leads to better outputs, up to a
|
| 647 |
+
certain point).
|
| 648 |
+
- Language Ambiguity and Nuance
|
| 649 |
+
- Natural language is inherently complex. Models might struggle
|
| 650 |
+
to grasp subtle nuances, sarcasm, or figurative language.
|
| 651 |
+
- Factual Accuracy
|
| 652 |
+
- Models generate responses based on information they learned
|
| 653 |
+
from their training datasets, but they are not knowledge bases. They
|
| 654 |
+
may generate incorrect or outdated factual statements.
|
| 655 |
+
- Common Sense
|
| 656 |
+
- Models rely on statistical patterns in language. They might
|
| 657 |
+
lack the ability to apply common sense reasoning in certain situations.
|
| 658 |
+
|
| 659 |
+
### Ethical Considerations and Risks
|
| 660 |
+
|
| 661 |
+
The development of vision-language models (VLMs) raises several ethical
|
| 662 |
+
concerns. In creating an open model, we have carefully considered the following:
|
| 663 |
+
|
| 664 |
+
- Bias and Fairness
|
| 665 |
+
- VLMs trained on large-scale, real-world text and image data can
|
| 666 |
+
reflect socio-cultural biases embedded in the training material. These
|
| 667 |
+
models underwent careful scrutiny, input data pre-processing described
|
| 668 |
+
and posterior evaluations reported in this card.
|
| 669 |
+
- Misinformation and Misuse
|
| 670 |
+
- VLMs can be misused to generate text that is false, misleading,
|
| 671 |
+
or harmful.
|
| 672 |
+
- Guidelines are provided for responsible use with the model, see the
|
| 673 |
+
[Responsible Generative AI Toolkit][rai-toolkit].
|
| 674 |
+
- Transparency and Accountability:
|
| 675 |
+
- This model card summarizes details on the models' architecture,
|
| 676 |
+
capabilities, limitations, and evaluation processes.
|
| 677 |
+
- A responsibly developed open model offers the opportunity to
|
| 678 |
+
share innovation by making VLM technology accessible to developers and
|
| 679 |
+
researchers across the AI ecosystem.
|
| 680 |
+
|
| 681 |
+
Risks identified and mitigations:
|
| 682 |
+
|
| 683 |
+
- **Perpetuation of biases**: It's encouraged to perform continuous
|
| 684 |
+
monitoring (using evaluation metrics, human review) and the exploration of
|
| 685 |
+
de-biasing techniques during model training, fine-tuning, and other use
|
| 686 |
+
cases.
|
| 687 |
+
- **Generation of harmful content**: Mechanisms and guidelines for content
|
| 688 |
+
safety are essential. Developers are encouraged to exercise caution and
|
| 689 |
+
implement appropriate content safety safeguards based on their specific
|
| 690 |
+
product policies and application use cases.
|
| 691 |
+
- **Misuse for malicious purposes**: Technical limitations and developer
|
| 692 |
+
and end-user education can help mitigate against malicious applications of
|
| 693 |
+
VLMs. Educational resources and reporting mechanisms for users to flag
|
| 694 |
+
misuse are provided. Prohibited uses of Gemma models are outlined in the
|
| 695 |
+
[Gemma Prohibited Use Policy][prohibited-use].
|
| 696 |
+
- **Privacy violations**: Models were trained on data filtered for removal
|
| 697 |
+
of certain personal information and other sensitive data. Developers are
|
| 698 |
+
encouraged to adhere to privacy regulations with privacy-preserving
|
| 699 |
+
techniques.
|
| 700 |
+
|
| 701 |
+
### Benefits
|
| 702 |
+
|
| 703 |
+
At the time of release, this family of models provides high-performance open
|
| 704 |
+
vision-language model implementations designed from the ground up for
|
| 705 |
+
responsible AI development compared to similarly sized models.
|
| 706 |
+
|
| 707 |
+
Using the benchmark evaluation metrics described in this document, these models
|
| 708 |
+
have shown to provide superior performance to other, comparably-sized open model
|
| 709 |
+
alternatives.
|
| 710 |
+
|
| 711 |
+
[g3-tech-report]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.19786
|
| 712 |
+
[rai-toolkit]: https://ai.google.dev/responsible
|
| 713 |
+
[kaggle-gemma]: https://www.kaggle.com/models/google/gemma-3
|
| 714 |
+
[vertex-mg-gemma3]: https://console.cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/publishers/google/model-garden/gemma3
|
| 715 |
+
[terms]: https://ai.google.dev/gemma/terms
|
| 716 |
+
[safety-policies]: https://ai.google/static/documents/ai-responsibility-update-published-february-2025.pdf
|
| 717 |
+
[prohibited-use]: https://ai.google.dev/gemma/prohibited_use_policy
|
| 718 |
+
[tpu]: https://cloud.google.com/tpu/docs/intro-to-tpu
|
| 719 |
+
[sustainability]: https://sustainability.google/operating-sustainably/
|
| 720 |
+
[jax]: https://github.com/jax-ml/jax
|
| 721 |
+
[ml-pathways]: https://blog.google/technology/ai/introducing-pathways-next-generation-ai-architecture/
|
| 722 |
+
[sustainability]: https://sustainability.google/operating-sustainably/
|
| 723 |
+
[gemini-2-paper]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.11805
|
model.gguf
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|
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