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---
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license: mit
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---
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---
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language: en
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tags:
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- exbert
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license: mit
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---
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# ColD Fusion model
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Finetuned model that aims to be a great base model. It improves over RoBERTa base, trained on 35 datasets.
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Full details at [this paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.01378).
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## Paper Abstract:
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Pretraining has been shown to scale well with compute, data size and data diversity. Multitask learning trains on a
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mixture of supervised datasets and produces improved performance compared to self-supervised pretraining. Until now,
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massively multitask learning required simultaneous access to all datasets in the mixture and heavy compute resources
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that are only available to well-resourced teams.
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In this paper, we propose ColD Fusion, a method that provides the benefits of multitask learning but leverages distributed
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computation and requires limited communication and no sharing of data. Consequentially, ColD Fusion can create a synergistic
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loop, where finetuned models can be recycled to continually improve the pretrained model they are based on. We show that
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ColD Fusion yields comparable benefits to multitask pretraining by producing a model that (a) attains strong performance on
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all of the datasets it was multitask trained on and (b) is a better starting point for finetuning on unseen datasets. We find
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ColD Fusion outperforms RoBERTa and even previous multitask models. Specifically, when training and testing on 35 diverse datasets,
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ColD Fusion-based model outperforms RoBERTa by 2.45 points in average without any changes to the architecture.
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### How to use
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You can use this model directly with a pipeline for masked language modeling:
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```python
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>>> from transformers import pipeline
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>>> unmasker = pipeline('fill-mask', model='ibm/ColD-Fusion')
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>>> unmasker("Hello I'm a <mask> model.")
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```
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Here is how to use this model to get the features of a given text in PyTorch:
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```python
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from transformers import RobertaTokenizer, RobertaModel
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tokenizer = RobertaTokenizer.from_pretrained('ibm/ColD-Fusion')
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model = RobertaModel.from_pretrained('ibm/ColD-Fusion')
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text = "Replace me by any text you'd like."
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encoded_input = tokenizer(text, return_tensors='pt')
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output = model(**encoded_input)
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```
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and in TensorFlow:
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```python
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from transformers import RobertaTokenizer, TFRobertaModel
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tokenizer = RobertaTokenizer.from_pretrained('ibm/ColD-Fusion')
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model = TFRobertaModel.from_pretrained('ibm/ColD-Fusion')
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text = "Replace me by any text you'd like."
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encoded_input = tokenizer(text, return_tensors='tf')
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output = model(encoded_input)
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```
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## Evaluation results
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See full evaluation results of this model and many more [here](https://ibm.github.io/model-recycling/roberta-base_table.html)
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When fine-tuned on downstream tasks, this model achieves the following results:
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### BibTeX entry and citation info
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```bibtex
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@article{ColDFusion,
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author = {Shachar Don-Yehiya, Elad Venezian, Colin Raffel, Noam Slonim, Yoav Katz, Leshem ChoshenYinhan Liu and},
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title = {ColD Fusion: Collaborative Descent for Distributed Multitask Finetuning},
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journal = {CoRR},
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volume = {abs/2212.01378},
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year = {2022},
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url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.01378},
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archivePrefix = {arXiv},
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eprint = {2212.01378},
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}
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```
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<a href="https://huggingface.co/exbert/?model=ibm/ColD-Fusion">
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<img width="300px" src="https://cdn-media.huggingface.co/exbert/button.png">
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</a>
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