Updated README — logo, architecture diagram, real training data, gate logic
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README.md
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- toxicity-detection
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- model2vec
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- pubverse
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library_name: model2vec
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pipeline_tag: text-classification
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---
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# PubGuard — Multi-Head Scientific Publication Gatekeeper
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## Architecture
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Three linear classification heads on frozen [model2vec](https://github.com/MinishLab/model2vec)
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(potion-base-32M) embeddings:
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Each head is a single linear layer stored as a numpy `.npz` file (8
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## Performance
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- **302 docs/sec** single-document, **568 docs/sec** batched (CPU only)
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- **3.3ms** per PDF screening — negligible pipeline overhead
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- No GPU required
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## Usage
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```python
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from pubguard import PubGuard
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guard.initialize()
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verdict = guard.screen("Introduction: We present a novel deep learning approach...")
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# {
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# 'doc_type': {'label': 'scientific_paper', 'score': 0.994},
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# 'ai_generated': {'label': 'human', 'score': 0.875},
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# }
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```
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```bash
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PUBGUARD_CODE=$(echo "$PDF_TEXT" | python3 pub_check/scripts/pubguard_gate.py 2>/dev/null)
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# exit 0 = pass, exit 1 = reject
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```
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## Training Data
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Trained on datasets from HuggingFace
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```bash
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cd pub_check
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pip install -e ".[train]"
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python scripts/train_pubguard.py --data-dir ./pubguard_data --n-per-class 15000
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```
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Training completes in ~1 minute on CPU. No GPU needed.
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## Citation
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- toxicity-detection
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- model2vec
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- pubverse
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- publication-screening
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- quality-control
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library_name: model2vec
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pipeline_tag: text-classification
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thumbnail: PubGuard.png
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---
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<div align="center">
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<img src="PubGuard.png" alt="PubGuard Logo" width="400"/>
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</div>
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# PubGuard — Multi-Head Scientific Publication Gatekeeper
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## Model Description
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PubGuard is a lightweight, CPU-optimized document classifier that screens PDF text to determine whether it represents a genuine scientific publication. It runs as **Step 0** in the PubVerse + 42DeepThought pipeline, rejecting junk (flyers, invoices, non-scholarly PDFs) before expensive downstream processing (VLM feature extraction, graph construction, GNN scoring).
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Three classification heads provide a multi-dimensional screening verdict:
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1. **Document type** — Is this a paper, poster, abstract, or junk?
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2. **AI detection** — Was this written by a human or generated by an LLM?
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3. **Toxicity** — Does this contain toxic or offensive content?
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Developed by Jamey O'Neill at the California Medical Innovations Institute (CalMI²).
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## Architecture
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Three linear classification heads on frozen [model2vec](https://github.com/MinishLab/model2vec) (potion-base-32M) embeddings:
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```
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┌─────────────┐
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│ PDF text │
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└──────┬──────┘
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│
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┌──────▼──────┐ ┌───────────────────┐
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│ clean_text │────►│ model2vec encode │──► emb ∈ R^512
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└─────────────┘ └───────────────────┘
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│
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┌─────────────────┼─────────────────┐
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▼ ▼ ▼
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┌─────────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────────┐
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│ doc_type head │ │ ai_detect │ │ toxicity │
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│ [emb + 14 feats] │ │ head │ │ head │
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│ → softmax(4) │ │ → softmax(2) │ │ → softmax(2) │
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└─────────────────┘ └──────────────┘ └──────────────┘
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```
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Each head is a single linear layer stored as a numpy `.npz` file (8–12 KB). Inference is pure numpy — no torch needed at prediction time.
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The `doc_type` head additionally receives 14 structural features (section headings present, citation density, sentence length, etc.) concatenated with the embedding — these act as strong Bayesian priors.
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## Performance
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| Head | Classes | Accuracy | F1 |
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|------|---------|----------|-----|
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| **doc_type** | 4 | **99.7%** | 0.997 |
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| **ai_detect** | 2 | 83.4% | 0.834 |
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| **toxicity** | 2 | 84.7% | 0.847 |
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### doc_type Breakdown
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| Class | Precision | Recall | F1 |
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|-------|-----------|--------|-----|
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| scientific_paper | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
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| poster | 0.989 | 0.974 | 0.981 |
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| abstract_only | 0.997 | 0.997 | 0.997 |
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| junk | 0.993 | 0.998 | 0.996 |
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### Throughput
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- **302 docs/sec** single-document, **568 docs/sec** batched (CPU only)
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- **3.3ms** per PDF screening — negligible pipeline overhead
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- No GPU required
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## Gate Logic
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Both `scientific_paper` and `poster` classifications **pass** the gate (both are valid scientific content). Only `abstract_only` and `junk` are blocked:
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```python
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verdict = guard.screen(text)
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# verdict['pass'] = True if doc_type in ('scientific_paper', 'poster')
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# verdict['pass'] = False if doc_type in ('abstract_only', 'junk')
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```
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AI detection and toxicity are **informational by default** — reported but not blocking.
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## Usage
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### Python API
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```python
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from pubguard import PubGuard
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guard.initialize()
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verdict = guard.screen("Introduction: We present a novel deep learning approach...")
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print(verdict)
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# {
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# 'doc_type': {'label': 'scientific_paper', 'score': 0.994},
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# 'ai_generated': {'label': 'human', 'score': 0.875},
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# }
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```
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### Pipeline Integration (bash)
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```bash
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# Step 0 in run_pubverse_pipeline.sh:
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PDF_TEXT=$(python3 -c "import fitz; d=fitz.open('$pdf'); print(' '.join(p.get_text() for p in d)[:8000])")
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PUBGUARD_CODE=$(echo "$PDF_TEXT" | python3 pub_check/scripts/pubguard_gate.py 2>/dev/null)
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# exit 0 = pass, exit 1 = reject
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```
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### Installation
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```bash
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cd pub_check
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pip install -e ".[train]"
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```
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## Training Data
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Trained on real datasets from HuggingFace — **zero synthetic junk data**:
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| Head | Sources | Samples |
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|------|---------|---------|
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| **doc_type** | armanc/scientific_papers, gfissore/arxiv-abstracts-2021, ag_news, [poster-sentry-training-data](https://huggingface.co/datasets/fairdataihub/poster-sentry-training-data) | ~55K |
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| **ai_detect** | liamdugan/raid (abstracts), NicolaiSivesind/ChatGPT-Research-Abstracts | ~30K |
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| **toxicity** | google/civil_comments, skg/toxigen-data | ~30K |
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The poster class uses real scientific poster text from the [posters.science](https://posters.science) corpus (28K+ verified posters from Zenodo & Figshare), extracted by [PosterSentry](https://huggingface.co/fairdataihub/poster-sentry).
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### Training
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```bash
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python scripts/train_pubguard.py --data-dir ./pubguard_data --n-per-class 15000
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```
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Training completes in ~1 minute on CPU. No GPU needed.
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## Model Specifications
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| Attribute | Value |
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|-----------|-------|
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| Embedding backbone | minishlab/potion-base-32M (model2vec StaticModel) |
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| Embedding dimension | 512 |
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| Structural features | 14 (doc_type head only) |
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| Classifier | LogisticRegression (sklearn) per head |
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| Head file sizes | 5–9 KB each (.npz) |
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| Total model size | ~125 MB (embedding) + 20 KB (heads) |
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| Precision | float32 |
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| GPU required | No (CPU-only) |
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| License | MIT |
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@software{pubguard_2026,
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title = {PubGuard: Multi-Head Scientific Publication Gatekeeper},
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author = {O'Neill, James},
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year = {2026},
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url = {https://huggingface.co/jimnoneill/pubguard-classifier},
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note = {Part of the PubVerse + 42DeepThought pipeline}
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}
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```
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## License
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This model is released under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT).
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## Acknowledgments
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- California Medical Innovations Institute (CalMI²)
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- [MinishLab](https://github.com/MinishLab) for the model2vec embedding backbone
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- [FAIR Data Innovations Hub](https://fairdataihub.org/) for the [PosterSentry](https://huggingface.co/fairdataihub/poster-sentry) training data
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- HuggingFace for model hosting infrastructure
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