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tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Debugger/Cygdb.py

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+"""
+The Cython debugger
+
+The current directory should contain a directory named 'cython_debug', or a
+path to the cython project directory should be given (the parent directory of
+cython_debug).
+
+Additional gdb args can be provided only if a path to the project directory is
+given.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import glob
+import tempfile
+import textwrap
+import subprocess
+import optparse
+import logging
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def make_command_file(path_to_debug_info, prefix_code='',
+                      no_import=False, skip_interpreter=False):
+    if not no_import:
+        pattern = os.path.join(path_to_debug_info,
+                               'cython_debug',
+                               'cython_debug_info_*')
+        debug_files = glob.glob(pattern)
+
+        if not debug_files:
+            sys.exit('%s.\nNo debug files were found in %s. Aborting.' % (
+                                   usage, os.path.abspath(path_to_debug_info)))
+
+    fd, tempfilename = tempfile.mkstemp()
+    f = os.fdopen(fd, 'w')
+    try:
+        f.write(prefix_code)
+        f.write(textwrap.dedent('''\
+            # This is a gdb command file
+            # See https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Command-Files.html
+
+            set breakpoint pending on
+            set print pretty on
+
+            python
+            try:
+                # Activate virtualenv, if we were launched from one
+                import os
+                virtualenv = os.getenv('VIRTUAL_ENV')
+                if virtualenv:
+                    path_to_activate_this_py = os.path.join(virtualenv, 'bin', 'activate_this.py')
+                    print("gdb command file: Activating virtualenv: %s; path_to_activate_this_py: %s" % (
+                        virtualenv, path_to_activate_this_py))
+                    with open(path_to_activate_this_py) as f:
+                        exec(f.read(), dict(__file__=path_to_activate_this_py))
+                from Cython.Debugger import libcython, libpython
+            except Exception as ex:
+                from traceback import print_exc
+                print("There was an error in Python code originating from the file ''' + str(__file__) + '''")
+                print("It used the Python interpreter " + str(sys.executable))
+                print_exc()
+                exit(1)
+            end
+            '''))
+
+        if no_import:
+            # don't do this, this overrides file command in .gdbinit
+            # f.write("file %s\n" % sys.executable)
+            pass
+        else:
+            if not skip_interpreter:
+                # Point Cygdb to the interpreter that was used to generate
+                # the debugging information.
+                path = os.path.join(path_to_debug_info, "cython_debug", "interpreter")
+                interpreter_file = open(path)
+                try:
+                    interpreter = interpreter_file.read()
+                finally:
+                    interpreter_file.close()
+                f.write("file %s\n" % interpreter)
+
+            f.write('\n'.join('cy import %s\n' % fn for fn in debug_files))
+
+            if not skip_interpreter:
+                f.write(textwrap.dedent('''\
+                    python
+                    import sys
+                    try:
+                        gdb.lookup_type('PyModuleObject')
+                    except RuntimeError:
+                        sys.stderr.write(
+                            "''' + interpreter + ''' was not compiled with debug symbols (or it was "
+                            "stripped). Some functionality may not work (properly).\\n")
+                    end
+                '''))
+
+            f.write("source .cygdbinit")
+    finally:
+        f.close()
+
+    return tempfilename
+
+usage = "Usage: cygdb [options] [PATH [-- GDB_ARGUMENTS]]"
+
+def main(path_to_debug_info=None, gdb_argv=None, no_import=False):
+    """
+    Start the Cython debugger. This tells gdb to import the Cython and Python
+    extensions (libcython.py and libpython.py) and it enables gdb's pending
+    breakpoints.
+
+    path_to_debug_info is the path to the Cython build directory
+    gdb_argv is the list of options to gdb
+    no_import tells cygdb whether it should import debug information
+    """
+    parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=usage)
+    parser.add_option("--gdb-executable",
+        dest="gdb", default='gdb',
+        help="gdb executable to use [default: gdb]")
+    parser.add_option("--verbose", "-v",
+        dest="verbosity", action="count", default=0,
+        help="Verbose mode. Multiple -v options increase the verbosity")
+    parser.add_option("--skip-interpreter",
+                      dest="skip_interpreter", default=False, action="store_true",
+                      help="Do not automatically point GDB to the same interpreter "
+                           "used to generate debugging information")
+
+    (options, args) = parser.parse_args()
+    if path_to_debug_info is None:
+        if len(args) > 1:
+            path_to_debug_info = args[0]
+        else:
+            path_to_debug_info = os.curdir
+
+    if gdb_argv is None:
+        gdb_argv = args[1:]
+
+    if path_to_debug_info == '--':
+        no_import = True
+
+    logging_level = logging.WARN
+    if options.verbosity == 1:
+        logging_level = logging.INFO
+    if options.verbosity >= 2:
+        logging_level = logging.DEBUG
+    logging.basicConfig(level=logging_level)
+
+    skip_interpreter = options.skip_interpreter
+
+    logger.info("verbosity = %r", options.verbosity)
+    logger.debug("options = %r; args = %r", options, args)
+    logger.debug("Done parsing command-line options. path_to_debug_info = %r, gdb_argv = %r",
+        path_to_debug_info, gdb_argv)
+
+    tempfilename = make_command_file(path_to_debug_info,
+                                     no_import=no_import,
+                                     skip_interpreter=skip_interpreter)
+    logger.info("Launching %s with command file: %s and gdb_argv: %s",
+        options.gdb, tempfilename, gdb_argv)
+    with open(tempfilename) as tempfile:
+        logger.debug('Command file (%s) contains: """\n%s"""', tempfilename, tempfile.read())
+        logger.info("Spawning %s...", options.gdb)
+        p = subprocess.Popen([options.gdb, '-command', tempfilename] + gdb_argv)
+        logger.info("Spawned %s (pid %d)", options.gdb, p.pid)
+        while True:
+            try:
+                logger.debug("Waiting for gdb (pid %d) to exit...", p.pid)
+                ret = p.wait()
+                logger.debug("Wait for gdb (pid %d) to exit is done. Returned: %r", p.pid, ret)
+            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                pass
+            else:
+                break
+        logger.debug("Closing temp command file with fd: %s", tempfile.fileno())
+    logger.debug("Removing temp command file: %s", tempfilename)
+    os.remove(tempfilename)
+    logger.debug("Removed temp command file: %s", tempfilename)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Debugger/DebugWriter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import os
+import sys
+import errno
+
+try:
+    from lxml import etree
+    have_lxml = True
+except ImportError:
+    have_lxml = False
+    try:
+        from xml.etree import cElementTree as etree
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            from xml.etree import ElementTree as etree
+        except ImportError:
+            etree = None
+
+from ..Compiler import Errors
+from ..Compiler.StringEncoding import EncodedString
+
+
+def is_valid_tag(name):
+    """
+    Names like '.0' are used internally for arguments
+    to functions creating generator expressions,
+    however they are not identifiers.
+
+    See https://github.com/cython/cython/issues/5552
+    """
+    if isinstance(name, EncodedString):
+        if name.startswith(".") and name[1:].isdecimal():
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+class CythonDebugWriter(object):
+    """
+    Class to output debugging information for cygdb
+
+    It writes debug information to cython_debug/cython_debug_info_<modulename>
+    in the build directory.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, output_dir):
+        if etree is None:
+            raise Errors.NoElementTreeInstalledException()
+
+        self.output_dir = os.path.join(output_dir or os.curdir, 'cython_debug')
+        self.tb = etree.TreeBuilder()
+        # set by Cython.Compiler.ParseTreeTransforms.DebugTransform
+        self.module_name = None
+        self.start('cython_debug', attrs=dict(version='1.0'))
+
+    def start(self, name, attrs=None):
+        if is_valid_tag(name):
+            self.tb.start(name, attrs or {})
+
+    def end(self, name):
+        if is_valid_tag(name):
+            self.tb.end(name)
+
+    def add_entry(self, name, **attrs):
+        if is_valid_tag(name):
+            self.tb.start(name, attrs)
+            self.tb.end(name)
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        self.tb.end('Module')
+        self.tb.end('cython_debug')
+        xml_root_element = self.tb.close()
+
+        try:
+            os.makedirs(self.output_dir)
+        except OSError as e:
+            if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+                raise
+
+        et = etree.ElementTree(xml_root_element)
+        kw = {}
+        if have_lxml:
+            kw['pretty_print'] = True
+
+        fn = "cython_debug_info_" + self.module_name
+        et.write(os.path.join(self.output_dir, fn), encoding="UTF-8", **kw)
+
+        interpreter_path = os.path.join(self.output_dir, 'interpreter')
+        with open(interpreter_path, 'w') as f:
+            f.write(sys.executable)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Debugger/Tests/cfuncs.c

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+void
+some_c_function(void)
+{
+    int a, b, c;
+
+    a = 1;
+    b = 2;
+}

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Debugger/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# empty file

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Debugger/libcython.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1461 @@
+"""
+GDB extension that adds Cython support.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+try:
+    input = raw_input
+except NameError:
+    pass
+
+import sys
+import textwrap
+import functools
+import itertools
+import collections
+
+import gdb
+
+try:  # python 2
+    UNICODE = unicode
+    BYTES = str
+except NameError:  # python 3
+    UNICODE = str
+    BYTES = bytes
+
+try:
+    from lxml import etree
+    have_lxml = True
+except ImportError:
+    have_lxml = False
+    try:
+        # Python 2.5
+        from xml.etree import cElementTree as etree
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            # Python 2.5
+            from xml.etree import ElementTree as etree
+        except ImportError:
+            try:
+                # normal cElementTree install
+                import cElementTree as etree
+            except ImportError:
+                # normal ElementTree install
+                import elementtree.ElementTree as etree
+
+try:
+    import pygments.lexers
+    import pygments.formatters
+except ImportError:
+    pygments = None
+    sys.stderr.write("Install pygments for colorized source code.\n")
+
+if hasattr(gdb, 'string_to_argv'):
+    from gdb import string_to_argv
+else:
+    from shlex import split as string_to_argv
+
+from Cython.Debugger import libpython
+
+# C or Python type
+CObject = 'CObject'
+PythonObject = 'PythonObject'
+
+_data_types = dict(CObject=CObject, PythonObject=PythonObject)
+_filesystemencoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding() or 'UTF-8'
+
+
+# decorators
+
+def default_selected_gdb_frame(err=True):
+    def decorator(function):
+        @functools.wraps(function)
+        def wrapper(self, frame=None, *args, **kwargs):
+            try:
+                frame = frame or gdb.selected_frame()
+            except RuntimeError:
+                raise gdb.GdbError("No frame is currently selected.")
+
+            if err and frame.name() is None:
+                raise NoFunctionNameInFrameError()
+
+            return function(self, frame, *args, **kwargs)
+        return wrapper
+    return decorator
+
+
+def require_cython_frame(function):
+    @functools.wraps(function)
+    @require_running_program
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        frame = kwargs.get('frame') or gdb.selected_frame()
+        if not self.is_cython_function(frame):
+            raise gdb.GdbError('Selected frame does not correspond with a '
+                               'Cython function we know about.')
+        return function(self, *args, **kwargs)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def dispatch_on_frame(c_command, python_command=None):
+    def decorator(function):
+        @functools.wraps(function)
+        def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            is_cy = self.is_cython_function()
+            is_py = self.is_python_function()
+
+            if is_cy or (is_py and not python_command):
+                function(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            elif is_py:
+                gdb.execute(python_command)
+            elif self.is_relevant_function():
+                gdb.execute(c_command)
+            else:
+                raise gdb.GdbError("Not a function cygdb knows about. "
+                                   "Use the normal GDB commands instead.")
+
+        return wrapper
+    return decorator
+
+
+def require_running_program(function):
+    @functools.wraps(function)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            gdb.selected_frame()
+        except RuntimeError:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("No frame is currently selected.")
+
+        return function(*args, **kwargs)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def gdb_function_value_to_unicode(function):
+    @functools.wraps(function)
+    def wrapper(self, string, *args, **kwargs):
+        if isinstance(string, gdb.Value):
+            string = string.string()
+
+        return function(self, string, *args, **kwargs)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+# Classes that represent the debug information
+# Don't rename the parameters of these classes, they come directly from the XML
+
+class CythonModule(object):
+    def __init__(self, module_name, filename, c_filename):
+        self.name = module_name
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.c_filename = c_filename
+        self.globals = {}
+        # {cython_lineno: min(c_linenos)}
+        self.lineno_cy2c = {}
+        # {c_lineno: cython_lineno}
+        self.lineno_c2cy = {}
+        self.functions = {}
+
+
+class CythonVariable(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, cname, qualified_name, type, lineno):
+        self.name = name
+        self.cname = cname
+        self.qualified_name = qualified_name
+        self.type = type
+        self.lineno = int(lineno)
+
+
+class CythonFunction(CythonVariable):
+    def __init__(self,
+                 module,
+                 name,
+                 cname,
+                 pf_cname,
+                 qualified_name,
+                 lineno,
+                 type=CObject,
+                 is_initmodule_function="False"):
+        super(CythonFunction, self).__init__(name,
+                                             cname,
+                                             qualified_name,
+                                             type,
+                                             lineno)
+        self.module = module
+        self.pf_cname = pf_cname
+        self.is_initmodule_function = is_initmodule_function == "True"
+        self.locals = {}
+        self.arguments = []
+        self.step_into_functions = set()
+
+
+# General purpose classes
+
+class CythonBase(object):
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame(err=False)
+    def is_cython_function(self, frame):
+        return frame.name() in self.cy.functions_by_cname
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame(err=False)
+    def is_python_function(self, frame):
+        """
+        Tells if a frame is associated with a Python function.
+        If we can't read the Python frame information, don't regard it as such.
+        """
+        if frame.name() == 'PyEval_EvalFrameEx':
+            pyframe = libpython.Frame(frame).get_pyop()
+            return pyframe and not pyframe.is_optimized_out()
+        return False
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame()
+    def get_c_function_name(self, frame):
+        return frame.name()
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame()
+    def get_c_lineno(self, frame):
+        return frame.find_sal().line
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame()
+    def get_cython_function(self, frame):
+        result = self.cy.functions_by_cname.get(frame.name())
+        if result is None:
+            raise NoCythonFunctionInFrameError()
+
+        return result
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame()
+    def get_cython_lineno(self, frame):
+        """
+        Get the current Cython line number. Returns 0 if there is no
+        correspondence between the C and Cython code.
+        """
+        cyfunc = self.get_cython_function(frame)
+        return cyfunc.module.lineno_c2cy.get(self.get_c_lineno(frame), 0)
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame()
+    def get_source_desc(self, frame):
+        filename = lineno = lexer = None
+        if self.is_cython_function(frame):
+            filename = self.get_cython_function(frame).module.filename
+            filename_and_lineno = self.get_cython_lineno(frame)
+            assert filename == filename_and_lineno[0]
+            lineno = filename_and_lineno[1]
+            if pygments:
+                lexer = pygments.lexers.CythonLexer(stripall=False)
+        elif self.is_python_function(frame):
+            pyframeobject = libpython.Frame(frame).get_pyop()
+
+            if not pyframeobject:
+                raise gdb.GdbError(
+                            'Unable to read information on python frame')
+
+            filename = pyframeobject.filename()
+            lineno = pyframeobject.current_line_num()
+
+            if pygments:
+                lexer = pygments.lexers.PythonLexer(stripall=False)
+        else:
+            symbol_and_line_obj = frame.find_sal()
+            if not symbol_and_line_obj or not symbol_and_line_obj.symtab:
+                filename = None
+                lineno = 0
+            else:
+                filename = symbol_and_line_obj.symtab.fullname()
+                lineno = symbol_and_line_obj.line
+                if pygments:
+                    lexer = pygments.lexers.CLexer(stripall=False)
+
+        return SourceFileDescriptor(filename, lexer), lineno
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame()
+    def get_source_line(self, frame):
+        source_desc, lineno = self.get_source_desc()
+        return source_desc.get_source(lineno)
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame()
+    def is_relevant_function(self, frame):
+        """
+        returns whether we care about a frame on the user-level when debugging
+        Cython code
+        """
+        name = frame.name()
+        older_frame = frame.older()
+        if self.is_cython_function(frame) or self.is_python_function(frame):
+            return True
+        elif older_frame and self.is_cython_function(older_frame):
+            # check for direct C function call from a Cython function
+            cython_func = self.get_cython_function(older_frame)
+            return name in cython_func.step_into_functions
+
+        return False
+
+    @default_selected_gdb_frame(err=False)
+    def print_stackframe(self, frame, index, is_c=False):
+        """
+        Print a C, Cython or Python stack frame and the line of source code
+        if available.
+        """
+        # do this to prevent the require_cython_frame decorator from
+        # raising GdbError when calling self.cy.cy_cvalue.invoke()
+        selected_frame = gdb.selected_frame()
+        frame.select()
+
+        try:
+            source_desc, lineno = self.get_source_desc(frame)
+        except NoFunctionNameInFrameError:
+            print('#%-2d Unknown Frame (compile with -g)' % index)
+            return
+
+        if not is_c and self.is_python_function(frame):
+            pyframe = libpython.Frame(frame).get_pyop()
+            if pyframe is None or pyframe.is_optimized_out():
+                # print this python function as a C function
+                return self.print_stackframe(frame, index, is_c=True)
+
+            func_name = pyframe.co_name
+            func_cname = 'PyEval_EvalFrameEx'
+            func_args = []
+        elif self.is_cython_function(frame):
+            cyfunc = self.get_cython_function(frame)
+            f = lambda arg: self.cy.cy_cvalue.invoke(arg, frame=frame)
+
+            func_name = cyfunc.name
+            func_cname = cyfunc.cname
+            func_args = []  # [(arg, f(arg)) for arg in cyfunc.arguments]
+        else:
+            source_desc, lineno = self.get_source_desc(frame)
+            func_name = frame.name()
+            func_cname = func_name
+            func_args = []
+
+        try:
+            gdb_value = gdb.parse_and_eval(func_cname)
+        except RuntimeError:
+            func_address = 0
+        else:
+            func_address = gdb_value.address
+            if not isinstance(func_address, int):
+                # Seriously? Why is the address not an int?
+                if not isinstance(func_address, (str, bytes)):
+                    func_address = str(func_address)
+                func_address = int(func_address.split()[0], 0)
+
+        a = ', '.join('%s=%s' % (name, val) for name, val in func_args)
+        sys.stdout.write('#%-2d 0x%016x in %s(%s)' % (index, func_address, func_name, a))
+
+        if source_desc.filename is not None:
+            sys.stdout.write(' at %s:%s' % (source_desc.filename, lineno))
+
+        sys.stdout.write('\n')
+
+        try:
+            sys.stdout.write('    ' + source_desc.get_source(lineno))
+        except gdb.GdbError:
+            pass
+
+        selected_frame.select()
+
+    def get_remote_cython_globals_dict(self):
+        m = gdb.parse_and_eval('__pyx_m')
+
+        try:
+            PyModuleObject = gdb.lookup_type('PyModuleObject')
+        except RuntimeError:
+            raise gdb.GdbError(textwrap.dedent("""\
+                Unable to lookup type PyModuleObject, did you compile python
+                with debugging support (-g)?"""))
+
+        m = m.cast(PyModuleObject.pointer())
+        return m['md_dict']
+
+
+    def get_cython_globals_dict(self):
+        """
+        Get the Cython globals dict where the remote names are turned into
+        local strings.
+        """
+        remote_dict = self.get_remote_cython_globals_dict()
+        pyobject_dict = libpython.PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(remote_dict)
+
+        result = {}
+        seen = set()
+        for k, v in pyobject_dict.iteritems():
+            result[k.proxyval(seen)] = v
+
+        return result
+
+    def print_gdb_value(self, name, value, max_name_length=None, prefix=''):
+        if libpython.pretty_printer_lookup(value):
+            typename = ''
+        else:
+            typename = '(%s) ' % (value.type,)
+
+        if max_name_length is None:
+            print('%s%s = %s%s' % (prefix, name, typename, value))
+        else:
+            print('%s%-*s = %s%s' % (prefix, max_name_length, name, typename, value))
+
+    def is_initialized(self, cython_func, local_name):
+        cyvar = cython_func.locals[local_name]
+        cur_lineno = self.get_cython_lineno()[1]
+
+        if '->' in cyvar.cname:
+            # Closed over free variable
+            if cur_lineno > cython_func.lineno:
+                if cyvar.type == PythonObject:
+                    return int(gdb.parse_and_eval(cyvar.cname))
+                return True
+            return False
+
+        return cur_lineno > cyvar.lineno
+
+
+class SourceFileDescriptor(object):
+    def __init__(self, filename, lexer, formatter=None):
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.lexer = lexer
+        self.formatter = formatter
+
+    def valid(self):
+        return self.filename is not None
+
+    def lex(self, code):
+        if pygments and self.lexer and parameters.colorize_code:
+            bg = parameters.terminal_background.value
+            if self.formatter is None:
+                formatter = pygments.formatters.TerminalFormatter(bg=bg)
+            else:
+                formatter = self.formatter
+
+            return pygments.highlight(code, self.lexer, formatter)
+
+        return code
+
+    def _get_source(self, start, stop, lex_source, mark_line, lex_entire):
+        with open(self.filename) as f:
+            # to provide "correct" colouring, the entire code needs to be
+            # lexed. However, this makes a lot of things terribly slow, so
+            # we decide not to. Besides, it's unlikely to matter.
+
+            if lex_source and lex_entire:
+                f = self.lex(f.read()).splitlines()
+
+            slice = itertools.islice(f, start - 1, stop - 1)
+
+            for idx, line in enumerate(slice):
+                if start + idx == mark_line:
+                    prefix = '>'
+                else:
+                    prefix = ' '
+
+                if lex_source and not lex_entire:
+                    line = self.lex(line)
+
+                yield '%s %4d    %s' % (prefix, start + idx, line.rstrip())
+
+    def get_source(self, start, stop=None, lex_source=True, mark_line=0,
+                   lex_entire=False):
+        exc = gdb.GdbError('Unable to retrieve source code')
+
+        if not self.filename:
+            raise exc
+
+        start = max(start, 1)
+        if stop is None:
+            stop = start + 1
+
+        try:
+            return '\n'.join(
+                self._get_source(start, stop, lex_source, mark_line, lex_entire))
+        except IOError:
+            raise exc
+
+
+# Errors
+
+class CyGDBError(gdb.GdbError):
+    """
+    Base class for Cython-command related errors
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args):
+        args = args or (self.msg,)
+        super(CyGDBError, self).__init__(*args)
+
+
+class NoCythonFunctionInFrameError(CyGDBError):
+    """
+    raised when the user requests the current cython function, which is
+    unavailable
+    """
+    msg = "Current function is a function cygdb doesn't know about"
+
+
+class NoFunctionNameInFrameError(NoCythonFunctionInFrameError):
+    """
+    raised when the name of the C function could not be determined
+    in the current C stack frame
+    """
+    msg = ('C function name could not be determined in the current C stack '
+           'frame')
+
+
+# Parameters
+
+class CythonParameter(gdb.Parameter):
+    """
+    Base class for cython parameters
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name, command_class, parameter_class, default=None):
+        self.show_doc = self.set_doc = self.__class__.__doc__
+        super(CythonParameter, self).__init__(name, command_class,
+                                              parameter_class)
+        if default is not None:
+            self.value = default
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self.value)
+
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__  # Python 2
+
+
+
+class CompleteUnqualifiedFunctionNames(CythonParameter):
+    """
+    Have 'cy break' complete unqualified function or method names.
+    """
+
+
+class ColorizeSourceCode(CythonParameter):
+    """
+    Tell cygdb whether to colorize source code.
+    """
+
+
+class TerminalBackground(CythonParameter):
+    """
+    Tell cygdb about the user's terminal background (light or dark).
+    """
+
+
+class CythonParameters(object):
+    """
+    Simple container class that might get more functionality in the distant
+    future (mostly to remind us that we're dealing with parameters).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.complete_unqualified = CompleteUnqualifiedFunctionNames(
+            'cy_complete_unqualified',
+            gdb.COMMAND_BREAKPOINTS,
+            gdb.PARAM_BOOLEAN,
+            True)
+        self.colorize_code = ColorizeSourceCode(
+            'cy_colorize_code',
+            gdb.COMMAND_FILES,
+            gdb.PARAM_BOOLEAN,
+            True)
+        self.terminal_background = TerminalBackground(
+            'cy_terminal_background_color',
+            gdb.COMMAND_FILES,
+            gdb.PARAM_STRING,
+            "dark")
+
+parameters = CythonParameters()
+
+
+# Commands
+
+class CythonCommand(gdb.Command, CythonBase):
+    """
+    Base class for Cython commands
+    """
+
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_NONE
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _register(cls, clsname, args, kwargs):
+        if not hasattr(cls, 'completer_class'):
+            return cls(clsname, cls.command_class, *args, **kwargs)
+        else:
+            return cls(clsname, cls.command_class, cls.completer_class,
+                       *args, **kwargs)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def register(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+        alias = getattr(cls, 'alias', None)
+        if alias:
+            cls._register(cls.alias, args, kwargs)
+
+        return cls._register(cls.name, args, kwargs)
+
+
+class CyCy(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    Invoke a Cython command. Available commands are:
+
+        cy import
+        cy break
+        cy step
+        cy next
+        cy run
+        cy cont
+        cy finish
+        cy up
+        cy down
+        cy select
+        cy bt / cy backtrace
+        cy list
+        cy print
+        cy set
+        cy locals
+        cy globals
+        cy exec
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_NONE
+    completer_class = gdb.COMPLETE_COMMAND
+
+    def __init__(self, name, command_class, completer_class):
+        # keep the signature 2.5 compatible (i.e. do not use f(*a, k=v)
+        super(CythonCommand, self).__init__(name, command_class,
+                                            completer_class, prefix=True)
+
+        commands = dict(
+            # GDB commands
+            import_ = CyImport.register(),
+            break_ = CyBreak.register(),
+            step = CyStep.register(),
+            next = CyNext.register(),
+            run = CyRun.register(),
+            cont = CyCont.register(),
+            finish = CyFinish.register(),
+            up = CyUp.register(),
+            down = CyDown.register(),
+            select = CySelect.register(),
+            bt = CyBacktrace.register(),
+            list = CyList.register(),
+            print_ = CyPrint.register(),
+            locals = CyLocals.register(),
+            globals = CyGlobals.register(),
+            exec_ = libpython.FixGdbCommand('cy exec', '-cy-exec'),
+            _exec = CyExec.register(),
+            set = CySet.register(),
+
+            # GDB functions
+            cy_cname = CyCName('cy_cname'),
+            cy_cvalue = CyCValue('cy_cvalue'),
+            cy_lineno = CyLine('cy_lineno'),
+            cy_eval = CyEval('cy_eval'),
+        )
+
+        for command_name, command in commands.items():
+            command.cy = self
+            setattr(self, command_name, command)
+
+        self.cy = self
+
+        # Cython module namespace
+        self.cython_namespace = {}
+
+        # maps (unique) qualified function names (e.g.
+        # cythonmodule.ClassName.method_name) to the CythonFunction object
+        self.functions_by_qualified_name = {}
+
+        # unique cnames of Cython functions
+        self.functions_by_cname = {}
+
+        # map function names like method_name to a list of all such
+        # CythonFunction objects
+        self.functions_by_name = collections.defaultdict(list)
+
+
+class CyImport(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    Import debug information outputted by the Cython compiler
+    Example: cy import FILE...
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy import'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_STATUS
+    completer_class = gdb.COMPLETE_FILENAME
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        if isinstance(args, BYTES):
+            args = args.decode(_filesystemencoding)
+        for arg in string_to_argv(args):
+            try:
+                f = open(arg)
+            except OSError as e:
+                raise gdb.GdbError('Unable to open file %r: %s' % (args, e.args[1]))
+
+            t = etree.parse(f)
+
+            for module in t.getroot():
+                cython_module = CythonModule(**module.attrib)
+                self.cy.cython_namespace[cython_module.name] = cython_module
+
+                for variable in module.find('Globals'):
+                    d = variable.attrib
+                    cython_module.globals[d['name']] = CythonVariable(**d)
+
+                for function in module.find('Functions'):
+                    cython_function = CythonFunction(module=cython_module,
+                                                     **function.attrib)
+
+                    # update the global function mappings
+                    name = cython_function.name
+                    qname = cython_function.qualified_name
+
+                    self.cy.functions_by_name[name].append(cython_function)
+                    self.cy.functions_by_qualified_name[
+                        cython_function.qualified_name] = cython_function
+                    self.cy.functions_by_cname[
+                        cython_function.cname] = cython_function
+
+                    d = cython_module.functions[qname] = cython_function
+
+                    for local in function.find('Locals'):
+                        d = local.attrib
+                        cython_function.locals[d['name']] = CythonVariable(**d)
+
+                    for step_into_func in function.find('StepIntoFunctions'):
+                        d = step_into_func.attrib
+                        cython_function.step_into_functions.add(d['name'])
+
+                    cython_function.arguments.extend(
+                        funcarg.tag for funcarg in function.find('Arguments'))
+
+                for marker in module.find('LineNumberMapping'):
+                    src_lineno = int(marker.attrib['src_lineno'])
+                    src_path = marker.attrib['src_path']
+                    c_linenos = list(map(int, marker.attrib['c_linenos'].split()))
+                    cython_module.lineno_cy2c[src_path, src_lineno] = min(c_linenos)
+                    for c_lineno in c_linenos:
+                        cython_module.lineno_c2cy[c_lineno] = (src_path, src_lineno)
+
+
+class CyBreak(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    Set a breakpoint for Cython code using Cython qualified name notation, e.g.:
+
+        cy break cython_modulename.ClassName.method_name...
+
+    or normal notation:
+
+        cy break function_or_method_name...
+
+    or for a line number:
+
+        cy break cython_module:lineno...
+
+    Set a Python breakpoint:
+        Break on any function or method named 'func' in module 'modname'
+
+            cy break -p modname.func...
+
+        Break on any function or method named 'func'
+
+            cy break -p func...
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy break'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_BREAKPOINTS
+
+    def _break_pyx(self, name):
+        modulename, _, lineno = name.partition(':')
+        lineno = int(lineno)
+        if modulename:
+            cython_module = self.cy.cython_namespace[modulename]
+        else:
+            cython_module = self.get_cython_function().module
+
+        if (cython_module.filename, lineno) in cython_module.lineno_cy2c:
+            c_lineno = cython_module.lineno_cy2c[cython_module.filename, lineno]
+            breakpoint = '%s:%s' % (cython_module.c_filename, c_lineno)
+            gdb.execute('break ' + breakpoint)
+        else:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("Not a valid line number. "
+                               "Does it contain actual code?")
+
+    def _break_funcname(self, funcname):
+        func = self.cy.functions_by_qualified_name.get(funcname)
+
+        if func and func.is_initmodule_function:
+            func = None
+
+        break_funcs = [func]
+
+        if not func:
+            funcs = self.cy.functions_by_name.get(funcname) or []
+            funcs = [f for f in funcs if not f.is_initmodule_function]
+
+            if not funcs:
+                gdb.execute('break ' + funcname)
+                return
+
+            if len(funcs) > 1:
+                # multiple functions, let the user pick one
+                print('There are multiple such functions:')
+                for idx, func in enumerate(funcs):
+                    print('%3d) %s' % (idx, func.qualified_name))
+
+                while True:
+                    try:
+                        result = input(
+                            "Select a function, press 'a' for all "
+                            "functions or press 'q' or '^D' to quit: ")
+                    except EOFError:
+                        return
+                    else:
+                        if result.lower() == 'q':
+                            return
+                        elif result.lower() == 'a':
+                            break_funcs = funcs
+                            break
+                        elif (result.isdigit() and
+                                0 <= int(result) < len(funcs)):
+                            break_funcs = [funcs[int(result)]]
+                            break
+                        else:
+                            print('Not understood...')
+            else:
+                break_funcs = [funcs[0]]
+
+        for func in break_funcs:
+            gdb.execute('break %s' % func.cname)
+            if func.pf_cname:
+                gdb.execute('break %s' % func.pf_cname)
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, function_names, from_tty):
+        if isinstance(function_names, BYTES):
+            function_names = function_names.decode(_filesystemencoding)
+        argv = string_to_argv(function_names)
+        if function_names.startswith('-p'):
+            argv = argv[1:]
+            python_breakpoints = True
+        else:
+            python_breakpoints = False
+
+        for funcname in argv:
+            if python_breakpoints:
+                gdb.execute('py-break %s' % funcname)
+            elif ':' in funcname:
+                self._break_pyx(funcname)
+            else:
+                self._break_funcname(funcname)
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    def complete(self, text, word):
+        # Filter init-module functions (breakpoints can be set using
+        # modulename:linenumber).
+        names =  [n for n, L in self.cy.functions_by_name.items()
+                  if any(not f.is_initmodule_function for f in L)]
+        qnames = [n for n, f in self.cy.functions_by_qualified_name.items()
+                  if not f.is_initmodule_function]
+
+        if parameters.complete_unqualified:
+            all_names = itertools.chain(qnames, names)
+        else:
+            all_names = qnames
+
+        words = text.strip().split()
+        if not words or '.' not in words[-1]:
+            # complete unqualified
+            seen = set(text[:-len(word)].split())
+            return [n for n in all_names
+                          if n.startswith(word) and n not in seen]
+
+        # complete qualified name
+        lastword = words[-1]
+        compl = [n for n in qnames if n.startswith(lastword)]
+
+        if len(lastword) > len(word):
+            # readline sees something (e.g. a '.') as a word boundary, so don't
+            # "recomplete" this prefix
+            strip_prefix_length = len(lastword) - len(word)
+            compl = [n[strip_prefix_length:] for n in compl]
+
+        return compl
+
+
+class CythonInfo(CythonBase, libpython.PythonInfo):
+    """
+    Implementation of the interface dictated by libpython.LanguageInfo.
+    """
+
+    def lineno(self, frame):
+        # Take care of the Python and Cython levels. We need to care for both
+        # as we can't simply dispatch to 'py-step', since that would work for
+        # stepping through Python code, but it would not step back into Cython-
+        # related code. The C level should be dispatched to the 'step' command.
+        if self.is_cython_function(frame):
+            return self.get_cython_lineno(frame)[1]
+        return super(CythonInfo, self).lineno(frame)
+
+    def get_source_line(self, frame):
+        try:
+            line = super(CythonInfo, self).get_source_line(frame)
+        except gdb.GdbError:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return line.strip() or None
+
+    def exc_info(self, frame):
+        if self.is_python_function:
+            return super(CythonInfo, self).exc_info(frame)
+
+    def runtime_break_functions(self):
+        if self.is_cython_function():
+            return self.get_cython_function().step_into_functions
+        return ()
+
+    def static_break_functions(self):
+        result = ['PyEval_EvalFrameEx']
+        result.extend(self.cy.functions_by_cname)
+        return result
+
+
+class CythonExecutionControlCommand(CythonCommand,
+                                    libpython.ExecutionControlCommandBase):
+
+    @classmethod
+    def register(cls):
+        return cls(cls.name, cython_info)
+
+
+class CyStep(CythonExecutionControlCommand, libpython.PythonStepperMixin):
+    "Step through Cython, Python or C code."
+
+    name = 'cy -step'
+    stepinto = True
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        if self.is_python_function():
+            self.python_step(self.stepinto)
+        elif not self.is_cython_function():
+            if self.stepinto:
+                command = 'step'
+            else:
+                command = 'next'
+
+            self.finish_executing(gdb.execute(command, to_string=True))
+        else:
+            self.step(stepinto=self.stepinto)
+
+
+class CyNext(CyStep):
+    "Step-over Cython, Python or C code."
+
+    name = 'cy -next'
+    stepinto = False
+
+
+class CyRun(CythonExecutionControlCommand):
+    """
+    Run a Cython program. This is like the 'run' command, except that it
+    displays Cython or Python source lines as well
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy run'
+
+    invoke = libpython.dont_suppress_errors(CythonExecutionControlCommand.run)
+
+
+class CyCont(CythonExecutionControlCommand):
+    """
+    Continue a Cython program. This is like the 'run' command, except that it
+    displays Cython or Python source lines as well.
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy cont'
+    invoke = libpython.dont_suppress_errors(CythonExecutionControlCommand.cont)
+
+
+class CyFinish(CythonExecutionControlCommand):
+    """
+    Execute until the function returns.
+    """
+    name = 'cy finish'
+
+    invoke = libpython.dont_suppress_errors(CythonExecutionControlCommand.finish)
+
+
+class CyUp(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    Go up a Cython, Python or relevant C frame.
+    """
+    name = 'cy up'
+    _command = 'up'
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, *args):
+        try:
+            gdb.execute(self._command, to_string=True)
+            while not self.is_relevant_function(gdb.selected_frame()):
+                gdb.execute(self._command, to_string=True)
+        except RuntimeError as e:
+            raise gdb.GdbError(*e.args)
+
+        frame = gdb.selected_frame()
+        index = 0
+        while frame:
+            frame = frame.older()
+            index += 1
+
+        self.print_stackframe(index=index - 1)
+
+
+class CyDown(CyUp):
+    """
+    Go down a Cython, Python or relevant C frame.
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy down'
+    _command = 'down'
+
+
+class CySelect(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    Select a frame. Use frame numbers as listed in `cy backtrace`.
+    This command is useful because `cy backtrace` prints a reversed backtrace.
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy select'
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, stackno, from_tty):
+        try:
+            stackno = int(stackno)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("Not a valid number: %r" % (stackno,))
+
+        frame = gdb.selected_frame()
+        while frame.newer():
+            frame = frame.newer()
+
+        stackdepth = libpython.stackdepth(frame)
+
+        try:
+            gdb.execute('select %d' % (stackdepth - stackno - 1,))
+        except RuntimeError as e:
+            raise gdb.GdbError(*e.args)
+
+
+class CyBacktrace(CythonCommand):
+    'Print the Cython stack'
+
+    name = 'cy bt'
+    alias = 'cy backtrace'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_STACK
+    completer_class = gdb.COMPLETE_NONE
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    @require_running_program
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        # get the first frame
+        frame = gdb.selected_frame()
+        while frame.older():
+            frame = frame.older()
+
+        print_all = args == '-a'
+
+        index = 0
+        while frame:
+            try:
+                is_relevant = self.is_relevant_function(frame)
+            except CyGDBError:
+                is_relevant = False
+
+            if print_all or is_relevant:
+                self.print_stackframe(frame, index)
+
+            index += 1
+            frame = frame.newer()
+
+
+class CyList(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    List Cython source code. To disable to customize colouring see the cy_*
+    parameters.
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy list'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_FILES
+    completer_class = gdb.COMPLETE_NONE
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    # @dispatch_on_frame(c_command='list')
+    def invoke(self, _, from_tty):
+        sd, lineno = self.get_source_desc()
+        source = sd.get_source(lineno - 5, lineno + 5, mark_line=lineno,
+                               lex_entire=True)
+        print(source)
+
+
+class CyPrint(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    Print a Cython variable using 'cy-print x' or 'cy-print module.function.x'
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy print'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_DATA
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, name, from_tty):
+        global_python_dict = self.get_cython_globals_dict()
+        module_globals = self.get_cython_function().module.globals
+
+        if name in global_python_dict:
+            value = global_python_dict[name].get_truncated_repr(libpython.MAX_OUTPUT_LEN)
+            print('%s = %s' % (name, value))
+            #This also would work, but because the output of cy exec is not captured in gdb.execute, TestPrint would fail
+            #self.cy.exec_.invoke("print('"+name+"','=', type(" + name + "), "+name+", flush=True )", from_tty)
+        elif name in module_globals:
+            cname = module_globals[name].cname
+            try:
+                value = gdb.parse_and_eval(cname)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                print("unable to get value of %s" % name)
+            else:
+                if not value.is_optimized_out:
+                    self.print_gdb_value(name, value)
+                else:
+                    print("%s is optimized out" % name)
+        elif self.is_python_function():
+            return gdb.execute('py-print ' + name)
+        elif self.is_cython_function():
+            value = self.cy.cy_cvalue.invoke(name.lstrip('*'))
+            for c in name:
+                if c == '*':
+                    value = value.dereference()
+                else:
+                    break
+
+            self.print_gdb_value(name, value)
+        else:
+            gdb.execute('print ' + name)
+
+    def complete(self):
+        if self.is_cython_function():
+            f = self.get_cython_function()
+            return list(itertools.chain(f.locals, f.globals))
+        else:
+            return []
+
+
+sortkey = lambda item: item[0].lower()
+
+
+class CyLocals(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    List the locals from the current Cython frame.
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy locals'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_STACK
+    completer_class = gdb.COMPLETE_NONE
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    @dispatch_on_frame(c_command='info locals', python_command='py-locals')
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        cython_function = self.get_cython_function()
+
+        if cython_function.is_initmodule_function:
+            self.cy.globals.invoke(args, from_tty)
+            return
+
+        local_cython_vars = cython_function.locals
+        max_name_length = len(max(local_cython_vars, key=len))
+        for name, cyvar in sorted(local_cython_vars.items(), key=sortkey):
+            if self.is_initialized(self.get_cython_function(), cyvar.name):
+                value = gdb.parse_and_eval(cyvar.cname)
+                if not value.is_optimized_out:
+                    self.print_gdb_value(cyvar.name, value,
+                                         max_name_length, '')
+
+
+class CyGlobals(CyLocals):
+    """
+    List the globals from the current Cython module.
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy globals'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_STACK
+    completer_class = gdb.COMPLETE_NONE
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    @dispatch_on_frame(c_command='info variables', python_command='py-globals')
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        global_python_dict = self.get_cython_globals_dict()
+        module_globals = self.get_cython_function().module.globals
+
+        max_globals_len = 0
+        max_globals_dict_len = 0
+        if module_globals:
+            max_globals_len = len(max(module_globals, key=len))
+        if global_python_dict:
+            max_globals_dict_len = len(max(global_python_dict))
+
+        max_name_length = max(max_globals_len, max_globals_dict_len)
+
+        seen = set()
+        print('Python globals:')
+
+        for k, v in sorted(global_python_dict.items(), key=sortkey):
+            v = v.get_truncated_repr(libpython.MAX_OUTPUT_LEN)
+            seen.add(k)
+            print('    %-*s = %s' % (max_name_length, k, v))
+
+        print('C globals:')
+        for name, cyvar in sorted(module_globals.items(), key=sortkey):
+            if name not in seen:
+                try:
+                    value = gdb.parse_and_eval(cyvar.cname)
+                except RuntimeError:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    if not value.is_optimized_out:
+                        self.print_gdb_value(cyvar.name, value,
+                                             max_name_length, '    ')
+
+
+class EvaluateOrExecuteCodeMixin(object):
+    """
+    Evaluate or execute Python code in a Cython or Python frame. The 'evalcode'
+    method evaluations Python code, prints a traceback if an exception went
+    uncaught, and returns any return value as a gdb.Value (NULL on exception).
+    """
+
+    def _fill_locals_dict(self, executor, local_dict_pointer):
+        "Fill a remotely allocated dict with values from the Cython C stack"
+        cython_func = self.get_cython_function()
+
+        for name, cyvar in cython_func.locals.items():
+            if (cyvar.type == PythonObject
+                    and self.is_initialized(cython_func, name)):
+
+                try:
+                    val = gdb.parse_and_eval(cyvar.cname)
+                except RuntimeError:
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    if val.is_optimized_out:
+                        continue
+
+                pystringp = executor.alloc_pystring(name)
+                code = '''
+                    (PyObject *) PyDict_SetItem(
+                        (PyObject *) %d,
+                        (PyObject *) %d,
+                        (PyObject *) %s)
+                ''' % (local_dict_pointer, pystringp, cyvar.cname)
+
+                try:
+                    if gdb.parse_and_eval(code) < 0:
+                        gdb.parse_and_eval('PyErr_Print()')
+                        raise gdb.GdbError("Unable to execute Python code.")
+                finally:
+                    # PyDict_SetItem doesn't steal our reference
+                    executor.xdecref(pystringp)
+
+    def _find_first_cython_or_python_frame(self):
+        frame = gdb.selected_frame()
+        while frame:
+            if (self.is_cython_function(frame)
+                    or self.is_python_function(frame)):
+                frame.select()
+                return frame
+
+            frame = frame.older()
+
+        raise gdb.GdbError("There is no Cython or Python frame on the stack.")
+
+    def _evalcode_cython(self, executor, code, input_type):
+        with libpython.FetchAndRestoreError():
+            # get the dict of Cython globals and construct a dict in the
+            # inferior with Cython locals
+            global_dict = gdb.parse_and_eval(
+                '(PyObject *) PyModule_GetDict(__pyx_m)')
+            local_dict = gdb.parse_and_eval('(PyObject *) PyDict_New()')
+
+            try:
+                self._fill_locals_dict(executor,
+                                       libpython.pointervalue(local_dict))
+                result = executor.evalcode(code, input_type, global_dict,
+                                           local_dict)
+            finally:
+                executor.xdecref(libpython.pointervalue(local_dict))
+
+        return result
+
+    def evalcode(self, code, input_type):
+        """
+        Evaluate `code` in a Python or Cython stack frame using the given
+        `input_type`.
+        """
+        frame = self._find_first_cython_or_python_frame()
+        executor = libpython.PythonCodeExecutor()
+        if self.is_python_function(frame):
+            return libpython._evalcode_python(executor, code, input_type)
+        return self._evalcode_cython(executor, code, input_type)
+
+
+class CyExec(CythonCommand, libpython.PyExec, EvaluateOrExecuteCodeMixin):
+    """
+    Execute Python code in the nearest Python or Cython frame.
+    """
+
+    name = '-cy-exec'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_STACK
+    completer_class = gdb.COMPLETE_NONE
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, expr, from_tty):
+        expr, input_type = self.readcode(expr)
+        executor = libpython.PythonCodeExecutor()
+        executor.xdecref(self.evalcode(expr, executor.Py_file_input))
+
+
+class CySet(CythonCommand):
+    """
+    Set a Cython variable to a certain value
+
+        cy set my_cython_c_variable = 10
+        cy set my_cython_py_variable = $cy_eval("{'doner': 'kebab'}")
+
+    This is equivalent to
+
+        set $cy_value("my_cython_variable") = 10
+    """
+
+    name = 'cy set'
+    command_class = gdb.COMMAND_DATA
+    completer_class = gdb.COMPLETE_NONE
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    @require_cython_frame
+    def invoke(self, expr, from_tty):
+        name_and_expr = expr.split('=', 1)
+        if len(name_and_expr) != 2:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("Invalid expression. Use 'cy set var = expr'.")
+
+        varname, expr = name_and_expr
+        cname = self.cy.cy_cname.invoke(varname.strip())
+        gdb.execute("set %s = %s" % (cname, expr))
+
+
+# Functions
+
+class CyCName(gdb.Function, CythonBase):
+    """
+    Get the C name of a Cython variable in the current context.
+    Examples:
+
+        print $cy_cname("function")
+        print $cy_cname("Class.method")
+        print $cy_cname("module.function")
+    """
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    @require_cython_frame
+    @gdb_function_value_to_unicode
+    def invoke(self, cyname, frame=None):
+        frame = frame or gdb.selected_frame()
+        cname = None
+
+        if self.is_cython_function(frame):
+            cython_function = self.get_cython_function(frame)
+            if cyname in cython_function.locals:
+                cname = cython_function.locals[cyname].cname
+            elif cyname in cython_function.module.globals:
+                cname = cython_function.module.globals[cyname].cname
+            else:
+                qname = '%s.%s' % (cython_function.module.name, cyname)
+                if qname in cython_function.module.functions:
+                    cname = cython_function.module.functions[qname].cname
+
+        if not cname:
+            cname = self.cy.functions_by_qualified_name.get(cyname)
+
+        if not cname:
+            raise gdb.GdbError('No such Cython variable: %s' % cyname)
+
+        return cname
+
+
+class CyCValue(CyCName):
+    """
+    Get the value of a Cython variable.
+    """
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    @require_cython_frame
+    @gdb_function_value_to_unicode
+    def invoke(self, cyname, frame=None):
+        globals_dict = self.get_cython_globals_dict()
+        cython_function = self.get_cython_function(frame)
+
+        if self.is_initialized(cython_function, cyname):
+            cname = super(CyCValue, self).invoke(cyname, frame=frame)
+            return gdb.parse_and_eval(cname)
+        elif cyname in globals_dict:
+            return globals_dict[cyname]._gdbval
+        else:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("Variable %s is not initialized." % cyname)
+
+
+class CyLine(gdb.Function, CythonBase):
+    """
+    Get the current Cython line.
+    """
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    @require_cython_frame
+    def invoke(self):
+        return self.get_cython_lineno()[1]
+
+
+class CyEval(gdb.Function, CythonBase, EvaluateOrExecuteCodeMixin):
+    """
+    Evaluate Python code in the nearest Python or Cython frame and return
+    """
+
+    @libpython.dont_suppress_errors
+    @gdb_function_value_to_unicode
+    def invoke(self, python_expression):
+        input_type = libpython.PythonCodeExecutor.Py_eval_input
+        return self.evalcode(python_expression, input_type)
+
+
+cython_info = CythonInfo()
+cy = CyCy.register()
+cython_info.cy = cy
+
+
+def register_defines():
+    libpython.source_gdb_script(textwrap.dedent("""\
+        define cy step
+        cy -step
+        end
+
+        define cy next
+        cy -next
+        end
+
+        document cy step
+        %s
+        end
+
+        document cy next
+        %s
+        end
+    """) % (CyStep.__doc__, CyNext.__doc__))
+
+register_defines()

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Debugger/libpython.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2851 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+# NOTE: Most of this file is taken from the Python source distribution
+# It can be found under Tools/gdb/libpython.py. It is shipped with Cython
+# because it's not installed as a python module, and because changes are only
+# merged into new python versions (v3.2+).
+# We added some of our code below the "## added, not in CPython" comment.
+
+'''
+From gdb 7 onwards, gdb's build can be configured --with-python, allowing gdb
+to be extended with Python code e.g. for library-specific data visualizations,
+such as for the C++ STL types.  Documentation on this API can be seen at:
+http://sourceware.org/gdb/current/onlinedocs/gdb/Python-API.html
+
+
+This python module deals with the case when the process being debugged (the
+"inferior process" in gdb parlance) is itself python, or more specifically,
+linked against libpython.  In this situation, almost every item of data is a
+(PyObject*), and having the debugger merely print their addresses is not very
+enlightening.
+
+This module embeds knowledge about the implementation details of libpython so
+that we can emit useful visualizations e.g. a string, a list, a dict, a frame
+giving file/line information and the state of local variables
+
+In particular, given a gdb.Value corresponding to a PyObject* in the inferior
+process, we can generate a "proxy value" within the gdb process.  For example,
+given a PyObject* in the inferior process that is in fact a PyListObject*
+holding three PyObject* that turn out to be PyBytesObject* instances, we can
+generate a proxy value within the gdb process that is a list of bytes
+instances:
+  [b"foo", b"bar", b"baz"]
+
+Doing so can be expensive for complicated graphs of objects, and could take
+some time, so we also have a "write_repr" method that writes a representation
+of the data to a file-like object.  This allows us to stop the traversal by
+having the file-like object raise an exception if it gets too much data.
+
+With both "proxyval" and "write_repr" we keep track of the set of all addresses
+visited so far in the traversal, to avoid infinite recursion due to cycles in
+the graph of object references.
+
+We try to defer gdb.lookup_type() invocations for python types until as late as
+possible: for a dynamically linked python binary, when the process starts in
+the debugger, the libpython.so hasn't been dynamically loaded yet, so none of
+the type names are known to the debugger
+
+The module also extends gdb with some python-specific commands.
+'''
+
+# NOTE: some gdbs are linked with Python 3, so this file should be dual-syntax
+# compatible (2.6+ and 3.0+).  See #19308.
+
+from __future__ import print_function
+import gdb
+import os
+import locale
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+    unichr = chr
+    xrange = range
+    long = int
+
+# Look up the gdb.Type for some standard types:
+# Those need to be refreshed as types (pointer sizes) may change when
+# gdb loads different executables
+
+def _type_char_ptr():
+    return gdb.lookup_type('char').pointer()  # char*
+
+
+def _type_unsigned_char_ptr():
+    return gdb.lookup_type('unsigned char').pointer()  # unsigned char*
+
+
+def _type_unsigned_short_ptr():
+    return gdb.lookup_type('unsigned short').pointer()
+
+
+def _type_unsigned_int_ptr():
+    return gdb.lookup_type('unsigned int').pointer()
+
+
+def _sizeof_void_p():
+    return gdb.lookup_type('void').pointer().sizeof
+
+
+# value computed later, see PyUnicodeObjectPtr.proxy()
+_is_pep393 = None
+
+Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE = (1 << 9)
+Py_TPFLAGS_LONG_SUBCLASS     = (1 << 24)
+Py_TPFLAGS_LIST_SUBCLASS     = (1 << 25)
+Py_TPFLAGS_TUPLE_SUBCLASS    = (1 << 26)
+Py_TPFLAGS_BYTES_SUBCLASS    = (1 << 27)
+Py_TPFLAGS_UNICODE_SUBCLASS  = (1 << 28)
+Py_TPFLAGS_DICT_SUBCLASS     = (1 << 29)
+Py_TPFLAGS_BASE_EXC_SUBCLASS = (1 << 30)
+Py_TPFLAGS_TYPE_SUBCLASS     = (1 << 31)
+
+
+MAX_OUTPUT_LEN=1024
+
+hexdigits = "0123456789abcdef"
+
+ENCODING = locale.getpreferredencoding()
+
+FRAME_INFO_OPTIMIZED_OUT = '(frame information optimized out)'
+UNABLE_READ_INFO_PYTHON_FRAME = 'Unable to read information on python frame'
+EVALFRAME = '_PyEval_EvalFrameDefault'
+
+class NullPyObjectPtr(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+
+def safety_limit(val):
+    # Given an integer value from the process being debugged, limit it to some
+    # safety threshold so that arbitrary breakage within said process doesn't
+    # break the gdb process too much (e.g. sizes of iterations, sizes of lists)
+    return min(val, 1000)
+
+
+def safe_range(val):
+    # As per range, but don't trust the value too much: cap it to a safety
+    # threshold in case the data was corrupted
+    return xrange(safety_limit(int(val)))
+
+if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+    def write_unicode(file, text):
+        file.write(text)
+else:
+    def write_unicode(file, text):
+        # Write a byte or unicode string to file. Unicode strings are encoded to
+        # ENCODING encoding with 'backslashreplace' error handler to avoid
+        # UnicodeEncodeError.
+        if isinstance(text, unicode):
+            text = text.encode(ENCODING, 'backslashreplace')
+        file.write(text)
+
+try:
+    os_fsencode = os.fsencode
+except AttributeError:
+    def os_fsencode(filename):
+        if not isinstance(filename, unicode):
+            return filename
+        encoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+        if encoding == 'mbcs':
+            # mbcs doesn't support surrogateescape
+            return filename.encode(encoding)
+        encoded = []
+        for char in filename:
+            # surrogateescape error handler
+            if 0xDC80 <= ord(char) <= 0xDCFF:
+                byte = chr(ord(char) - 0xDC00)
+            else:
+                byte = char.encode(encoding)
+            encoded.append(byte)
+        return ''.join(encoded)
+
+class StringTruncated(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+class TruncatedStringIO(object):
+    '''Similar to io.StringIO, but can truncate the output by raising a
+    StringTruncated exception'''
+    def __init__(self, maxlen=None):
+        self._val = ''
+        self.maxlen = maxlen
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        if self.maxlen:
+            if len(data) + len(self._val) > self.maxlen:
+                # Truncation:
+                self._val += data[0:self.maxlen - len(self._val)]
+                raise StringTruncated()
+
+        self._val += data
+
+    def getvalue(self):
+        return self._val
+
+class PyObjectPtr(object):
+    """
+    Class wrapping a gdb.Value that's either a (PyObject*) within the
+    inferior process, or some subclass pointer e.g. (PyBytesObject*)
+
+    There will be a subclass for every refined PyObject type that we care
+    about.
+
+    Note that at every stage the underlying pointer could be NULL, point
+    to corrupt data, etc; this is the debugger, after all.
+    """
+    _typename = 'PyObject'
+
+    def __init__(self, gdbval, cast_to=None):
+        if cast_to:
+            self._gdbval = gdbval.cast(cast_to)
+        else:
+            self._gdbval = gdbval
+
+    def field(self, name):
+        '''
+        Get the gdb.Value for the given field within the PyObject, coping with
+        some python 2 versus python 3 differences.
+
+        Various libpython types are defined using the "PyObject_HEAD" and
+        "PyObject_VAR_HEAD" macros.
+
+        In Python 2, this these are defined so that "ob_type" and (for a var
+        object) "ob_size" are fields of the type in question.
+
+        In Python 3, this is defined as an embedded PyVarObject type thus:
+           PyVarObject ob_base;
+        so that the "ob_size" field is located insize the "ob_base" field, and
+        the "ob_type" is most easily accessed by casting back to a (PyObject*).
+        '''
+        if self.is_null():
+            raise NullPyObjectPtr(self)
+
+        if name == 'ob_type':
+            pyo_ptr = self._gdbval.cast(PyObjectPtr.get_gdb_type())
+            return pyo_ptr.dereference()[name]
+
+        if name == 'ob_size':
+            pyo_ptr = self._gdbval.cast(PyVarObjectPtr.get_gdb_type())
+            return pyo_ptr.dereference()[name]
+
+        # General case: look it up inside the object:
+        return self._gdbval.dereference()[name]
+
+    def pyop_field(self, name):
+        '''
+        Get a PyObjectPtr for the given PyObject* field within this PyObject,
+        coping with some python 2 versus python 3 differences.
+        '''
+        return PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self.field(name))
+
+    def write_field_repr(self, name, out, visited):
+        '''
+        Extract the PyObject* field named "name", and write its representation
+        to file-like object "out"
+        '''
+        field_obj = self.pyop_field(name)
+        field_obj.write_repr(out, visited)
+
+    def get_truncated_repr(self, maxlen):
+        '''
+        Get a repr-like string for the data, but truncate it at "maxlen" bytes
+        (ending the object graph traversal as soon as you do)
+        '''
+        out = TruncatedStringIO(maxlen)
+        try:
+            self.write_repr(out, set())
+        except StringTruncated:
+            # Truncation occurred:
+            return out.getvalue() + '...(truncated)'
+
+        # No truncation occurred:
+        return out.getvalue()
+
+    def type(self):
+        return PyTypeObjectPtr(self.field('ob_type'))
+
+    def is_null(self):
+        return 0 == long(self._gdbval)
+
+    def is_optimized_out(self):
+        '''
+        Is the value of the underlying PyObject* visible to the debugger?
+
+        This can vary with the precise version of the compiler used to build
+        Python, and the precise version of gdb.
+
+        See e.g. https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=556975 with
+        PyEval_EvalFrameEx's "f"
+        '''
+        return self._gdbval.is_optimized_out
+
+    def safe_tp_name(self):
+        try:
+            ob_type = self.type()
+            tp_name = ob_type.field('tp_name')
+            return tp_name.string()
+        # NullPyObjectPtr: NULL tp_name?
+        # RuntimeError: Can't even read the object at all?
+        # UnicodeDecodeError: Failed to decode tp_name bytestring
+        except (NullPyObjectPtr, RuntimeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+            return 'unknown'
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        '''
+        Scrape a value from the inferior process, and try to represent it
+        within the gdb process, whilst (hopefully) avoiding crashes when
+        the remote data is corrupt.
+
+        Derived classes will override this.
+
+        For example, a PyIntObject* with ob_ival 42 in the inferior process
+        should result in an int(42) in this process.
+
+        visited: a set of all gdb.Value pyobject pointers already visited
+        whilst generating this value (to guard against infinite recursion when
+        visiting object graphs with loops).  Analogous to Py_ReprEnter and
+        Py_ReprLeave
+        '''
+
+        class FakeRepr(object):
+            """
+            Class representing a non-descript PyObject* value in the inferior
+            process for when we don't have a custom scraper, intended to have
+            a sane repr().
+            """
+
+            def __init__(self, tp_name, address):
+                self.tp_name = tp_name
+                self.address = address
+
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # For the NULL pointer, we have no way of knowing a type, so
+                # special-case it as per
+                # http://bugs.python.org/issue8032#msg100882
+                if self.address == 0:
+                    return '0x0'
+                return '<%s at remote 0x%x>' % (self.tp_name, self.address)
+
+        return FakeRepr(self.safe_tp_name(),
+                        long(self._gdbval))
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        '''
+        Write a string representation of the value scraped from the inferior
+        process to "out", a file-like object.
+        '''
+        # Default implementation: generate a proxy value and write its repr
+        # However, this could involve a lot of work for complicated objects,
+        # so for derived classes we specialize this
+        return out.write(repr(self.proxyval(visited)))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def subclass_from_type(cls, t):
+        '''
+        Given a PyTypeObjectPtr instance wrapping a gdb.Value that's a
+        (PyTypeObject*), determine the corresponding subclass of PyObjectPtr
+        to use
+
+        Ideally, we would look up the symbols for the global types, but that
+        isn't working yet:
+          (gdb) python print gdb.lookup_symbol('PyList_Type')[0].value
+          Traceback (most recent call last):
+            File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
+          NotImplementedError: Symbol type not yet supported in Python scripts.
+          Error while executing Python code.
+
+        For now, we use tp_flags, after doing some string comparisons on the
+        tp_name for some special-cases that don't seem to be visible through
+        flags
+        '''
+        try:
+            tp_name = t.field('tp_name').string()
+            tp_flags = int(t.field('tp_flags'))
+        # RuntimeError: NULL pointers
+        # UnicodeDecodeError: string() fails to decode the bytestring
+        except (RuntimeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+            # Handle any kind of error e.g. NULL ptrs by simply using the base
+            # class
+            return cls
+
+        #print('tp_flags = 0x%08x' % tp_flags)
+        #print('tp_name = %r' % tp_name)
+
+        name_map = {'bool': PyBoolObjectPtr,
+                    'classobj': PyClassObjectPtr,
+                    'NoneType': PyNoneStructPtr,
+                    'frame': PyFrameObjectPtr,
+                    'set' : PySetObjectPtr,
+                    'frozenset' : PySetObjectPtr,
+                    'builtin_function_or_method' : PyCFunctionObjectPtr,
+                    'method-wrapper': wrapperobject,
+                    }
+        if tp_name in name_map:
+            return name_map[tp_name]
+
+        if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE:
+            return HeapTypeObjectPtr
+
+        if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_LONG_SUBCLASS:
+            return PyLongObjectPtr
+        if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_LIST_SUBCLASS:
+            return PyListObjectPtr
+        if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_TUPLE_SUBCLASS:
+            return PyTupleObjectPtr
+        if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_BYTES_SUBCLASS:
+            return PyBytesObjectPtr
+        if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_UNICODE_SUBCLASS:
+            return PyUnicodeObjectPtr
+        if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_DICT_SUBCLASS:
+            return PyDictObjectPtr
+        if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_BASE_EXC_SUBCLASS:
+            return PyBaseExceptionObjectPtr
+        #if tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_TYPE_SUBCLASS:
+        #    return PyTypeObjectPtr
+
+        # Use the base class:
+        return cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_pyobject_ptr(cls, gdbval):
+        '''
+        Try to locate the appropriate derived class dynamically, and cast
+        the pointer accordingly.
+        '''
+        try:
+            p = PyObjectPtr(gdbval)
+            cls = cls.subclass_from_type(p.type())
+            return cls(gdbval, cast_to=cls.get_gdb_type())
+        except RuntimeError:
+            # Handle any kind of error e.g. NULL ptrs by simply using the base
+            # class
+            pass
+        return cls(gdbval)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_gdb_type(cls):
+        return gdb.lookup_type(cls._typename).pointer()
+
+    def as_address(self):
+        return long(self._gdbval)
+
+class PyVarObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyVarObject'
+
+class ProxyAlreadyVisited(object):
+    '''
+    Placeholder proxy to use when protecting against infinite recursion due to
+    loops in the object graph.
+
+    Analogous to the values emitted by the users of Py_ReprEnter and Py_ReprLeave
+    '''
+    def __init__(self, rep):
+        self._rep = rep
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self._rep
+
+
+def _write_instance_repr(out, visited, name, pyop_attrdict, address):
+    '''Shared code for use by all classes:
+    write a representation to file-like object "out"'''
+    out.write('<')
+    out.write(name)
+
+    # Write dictionary of instance attributes:
+    if isinstance(pyop_attrdict, PyDictObjectPtr):
+        out.write('(')
+        first = True
+        for pyop_arg, pyop_val in pyop_attrdict.iteritems():
+            if not first:
+                out.write(', ')
+            first = False
+            out.write(pyop_arg.proxyval(visited))
+            out.write('=')
+            pyop_val.write_repr(out, visited)
+        out.write(')')
+    out.write(' at remote 0x%x>' % address)
+
+
+class InstanceProxy(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, cl_name, attrdict, address):
+        self.cl_name = cl_name
+        self.attrdict = attrdict
+        self.address = address
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if isinstance(self.attrdict, dict):
+            kwargs = ', '.join(["%s=%r" % (arg, val)
+                                for arg, val in self.attrdict.iteritems()])
+            return '<%s(%s) at remote 0x%x>' % (self.cl_name,
+                                                kwargs, self.address)
+        else:
+            return '<%s at remote 0x%x>' % (self.cl_name,
+                                            self.address)
+
+def _PyObject_VAR_SIZE(typeobj, nitems):
+    if _PyObject_VAR_SIZE._type_size_t is None:
+        _PyObject_VAR_SIZE._type_size_t = gdb.lookup_type('size_t')
+
+    return ( ( typeobj.field('tp_basicsize') +
+               nitems * typeobj.field('tp_itemsize') +
+               (_sizeof_void_p() - 1)
+             ) & ~(_sizeof_void_p() - 1)
+           ).cast(_PyObject_VAR_SIZE._type_size_t)
+_PyObject_VAR_SIZE._type_size_t = None
+
+class HeapTypeObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyObject'
+
+    def get_attr_dict(self):
+        '''
+        Get the PyDictObject ptr representing the attribute dictionary
+        (or None if there's a problem)
+        '''
+        try:
+            typeobj = self.type()
+            dictoffset = int_from_int(typeobj.field('tp_dictoffset'))
+            if dictoffset != 0:
+                if dictoffset < 0:
+                    type_PyVarObject_ptr = gdb.lookup_type('PyVarObject').pointer()
+                    tsize = int_from_int(self._gdbval.cast(type_PyVarObject_ptr)['ob_size'])
+                    if tsize < 0:
+                        tsize = -tsize
+                    size = _PyObject_VAR_SIZE(typeobj, tsize)
+                    dictoffset += size
+                    assert dictoffset > 0
+                    assert dictoffset % _sizeof_void_p() == 0
+
+                dictptr = self._gdbval.cast(_type_char_ptr()) + dictoffset
+                PyObjectPtrPtr = PyObjectPtr.get_gdb_type().pointer()
+                dictptr = dictptr.cast(PyObjectPtrPtr)
+                return PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(dictptr.dereference())
+        except RuntimeError:
+            # Corrupt data somewhere; fail safe
+            pass
+
+        # Not found, or some kind of error:
+        return None
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        '''
+        Support for classes.
+
+        Currently we just locate the dictionary using a transliteration to
+        python of _PyObject_GetDictPtr, ignoring descriptors
+        '''
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            return ProxyAlreadyVisited('<...>')
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        pyop_attr_dict = self.get_attr_dict()
+        if pyop_attr_dict:
+            attr_dict = pyop_attr_dict.proxyval(visited)
+        else:
+            attr_dict = {}
+        tp_name = self.safe_tp_name()
+
+        # Class:
+        return InstanceProxy(tp_name, attr_dict, long(self._gdbval))
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            out.write('<...>')
+            return
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        pyop_attrdict = self.get_attr_dict()
+        _write_instance_repr(out, visited,
+                             self.safe_tp_name(), pyop_attrdict, self.as_address())
+
+class ProxyException(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, tp_name, args):
+        self.tp_name = tp_name
+        self.args = args
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '%s%r' % (self.tp_name, self.args)
+
+class PyBaseExceptionObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    """
+    Class wrapping a gdb.Value that's a PyBaseExceptionObject* i.e. an exception
+    within the process being debugged.
+    """
+    _typename = 'PyBaseExceptionObject'
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            return ProxyAlreadyVisited('(...)')
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+        arg_proxy = self.pyop_field('args').proxyval(visited)
+        return ProxyException(self.safe_tp_name(),
+                              arg_proxy)
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            out.write('(...)')
+            return
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        out.write(self.safe_tp_name())
+        self.write_field_repr('args', out, visited)
+
+class PyClassObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    """
+    Class wrapping a gdb.Value that's a PyClassObject* i.e. a <classobj>
+    instance within the process being debugged.
+    """
+    _typename = 'PyClassObject'
+
+
+class BuiltInFunctionProxy(object):
+    def __init__(self, ml_name):
+        self.ml_name = ml_name
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<built-in function %s>" % self.ml_name
+
+class BuiltInMethodProxy(object):
+    def __init__(self, ml_name, pyop_m_self):
+        self.ml_name = ml_name
+        self.pyop_m_self = pyop_m_self
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return ('<built-in method %s of %s object at remote 0x%x>'
+                % (self.ml_name,
+                   self.pyop_m_self.safe_tp_name(),
+                   self.pyop_m_self.as_address())
+                )
+
+class PyCFunctionObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    """
+    Class wrapping a gdb.Value that's a PyCFunctionObject*
+    (see Include/methodobject.h and Objects/methodobject.c)
+    """
+    _typename = 'PyCFunctionObject'
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        m_ml = self.field('m_ml')  # m_ml is a (PyMethodDef*)
+        try:
+            ml_name = m_ml['ml_name'].string()
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            ml_name = '<ml_name:UnicodeDecodeError>'
+
+        pyop_m_self = self.pyop_field('m_self')
+        if pyop_m_self.is_null():
+            return BuiltInFunctionProxy(ml_name)
+        else:
+            return BuiltInMethodProxy(ml_name, pyop_m_self)
+
+
+class PyCodeObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    """
+    Class wrapping a gdb.Value that's a PyCodeObject* i.e. a <code> instance
+    within the process being debugged.
+    """
+    _typename = 'PyCodeObject'
+
+    def addr2line(self, addrq):
+        '''
+        Get the line number for a given bytecode offset
+
+        Analogous to PyCode_Addr2Line; translated from pseudocode in
+        Objects/lnotab_notes.txt
+        '''
+        co_lnotab = self.pyop_field('co_lnotab').proxyval(set())
+
+        # Initialize lineno to co_firstlineno as per PyCode_Addr2Line
+        # not 0, as lnotab_notes.txt has it:
+        lineno = int_from_int(self.field('co_firstlineno'))
+
+        addr = 0
+        for addr_incr, line_incr in zip(co_lnotab[::2], co_lnotab[1::2]):
+            addr += ord(addr_incr)
+            if addr > addrq:
+                return lineno
+            lineno += ord(line_incr)
+        return lineno
+
+
+class PyDictObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    """
+    Class wrapping a gdb.Value that's a PyDictObject* i.e. a dict instance
+    within the process being debugged.
+    """
+    _typename = 'PyDictObject'
+
+    def iteritems(self):
+        '''
+        Yields a sequence of (PyObjectPtr key, PyObjectPtr value) pairs,
+        analogous to dict.iteritems()
+        '''
+        keys = self.field('ma_keys')
+        values = self.field('ma_values')
+        entries, nentries = self._get_entries(keys)
+        for i in safe_range(nentries):
+            ep = entries[i]
+            if long(values):
+                pyop_value = PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(values[i])
+            else:
+                pyop_value = PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(ep['me_value'])
+            if not pyop_value.is_null():
+                pyop_key = PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(ep['me_key'])
+                yield (pyop_key, pyop_value)
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            return ProxyAlreadyVisited('{...}')
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        result = {}
+        for pyop_key, pyop_value in self.iteritems():
+            proxy_key = pyop_key.proxyval(visited)
+            proxy_value = pyop_value.proxyval(visited)
+            result[proxy_key] = proxy_value
+        return result
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            out.write('{...}')
+            return
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        out.write('{')
+        first = True
+        for pyop_key, pyop_value in self.iteritems():
+            if not first:
+                out.write(', ')
+            first = False
+            pyop_key.write_repr(out, visited)
+            out.write(': ')
+            pyop_value.write_repr(out, visited)
+        out.write('}')
+
+    def _get_entries(self, keys):
+        dk_nentries = int(keys['dk_nentries'])
+        dk_size = int(keys['dk_size'])
+        try:
+            # <= Python 3.5
+            return keys['dk_entries'], dk_size
+        except RuntimeError:
+            # >= Python 3.6
+            pass
+
+        if dk_size <= 0xFF:
+            offset = dk_size
+        elif dk_size <= 0xFFFF:
+            offset = 2 * dk_size
+        elif dk_size <= 0xFFFFFFFF:
+            offset = 4 * dk_size
+        else:
+            offset = 8 * dk_size
+
+        ent_addr = keys['dk_indices'].address
+        ent_addr = ent_addr.cast(_type_unsigned_char_ptr()) + offset
+        ent_ptr_t = gdb.lookup_type('PyDictKeyEntry').pointer()
+        ent_addr = ent_addr.cast(ent_ptr_t)
+
+        return ent_addr, dk_nentries
+
+
+class PyListObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyListObject'
+
+    def __getitem__(self, i):
+        # Get the gdb.Value for the (PyObject*) with the given index:
+        field_ob_item = self.field('ob_item')
+        return field_ob_item[i]
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            return ProxyAlreadyVisited('[...]')
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        result = [PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self[i]).proxyval(visited)
+                  for i in safe_range(int_from_int(self.field('ob_size')))]
+        return result
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            out.write('[...]')
+            return
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        out.write('[')
+        for i in safe_range(int_from_int(self.field('ob_size'))):
+            if i > 0:
+                out.write(', ')
+            element = PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self[i])
+            element.write_repr(out, visited)
+        out.write(']')
+
+class PyLongObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyLongObject'
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        '''
+        Python's Include/longobjrep.h has this declaration:
+           struct _longobject {
+               PyObject_VAR_HEAD
+               digit ob_digit[1];
+           };
+
+        with this description:
+            The absolute value of a number is equal to
+                 SUM(for i=0 through abs(ob_size)-1) ob_digit[i] * 2**(SHIFT*i)
+            Negative numbers are represented with ob_size < 0;
+            zero is represented by ob_size == 0.
+
+        where SHIFT can be either:
+            #define PyLong_SHIFT        30
+            #define PyLong_SHIFT        15
+        '''
+        ob_size = long(self.field('ob_size'))
+        if ob_size == 0:
+            return 0
+
+        ob_digit = self.field('ob_digit')
+
+        if gdb.lookup_type('digit').sizeof == 2:
+            SHIFT = 15
+        else:
+            SHIFT = 30
+
+        digits = [long(ob_digit[i]) * 2**(SHIFT*i)
+                  for i in safe_range(abs(ob_size))]
+        result = sum(digits)
+        if ob_size < 0:
+            result = -result
+        return result
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Write this out as a Python 3 int literal, i.e. without the "L" suffix
+        proxy = self.proxyval(visited)
+        out.write("%s" % proxy)
+
+
+class PyBoolObjectPtr(PyLongObjectPtr):
+    """
+    Class wrapping a gdb.Value that's a PyBoolObject* i.e. one of the two
+    <bool> instances (Py_True/Py_False) within the process being debugged.
+    """
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        if PyLongObjectPtr.proxyval(self, visited):
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+
+class PyNoneStructPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    """
+    Class wrapping a gdb.Value that's a PyObject* pointing to the
+    singleton (we hope) _Py_NoneStruct with ob_type PyNone_Type
+    """
+    _typename = 'PyObject'
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        return None
+
+
+class PyFrameObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyFrameObject'
+
+    def __init__(self, gdbval, cast_to=None):
+        PyObjectPtr.__init__(self, gdbval, cast_to)
+
+        if not self.is_optimized_out():
+            self.co = PyCodeObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self.field('f_code'))
+            self.co_name = self.co.pyop_field('co_name')
+            self.co_filename = self.co.pyop_field('co_filename')
+
+            self.f_lineno = int_from_int(self.field('f_lineno'))
+            self.f_lasti = int_from_int(self.field('f_lasti'))
+            self.co_nlocals = int_from_int(self.co.field('co_nlocals'))
+            self.co_varnames = PyTupleObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self.co.field('co_varnames'))
+
+    def iter_locals(self):
+        '''
+        Yield a sequence of (name,value) pairs of PyObjectPtr instances, for
+        the local variables of this frame
+        '''
+        if self.is_optimized_out():
+            return
+
+        f_localsplus = self.field('f_localsplus')
+        for i in safe_range(self.co_nlocals):
+            pyop_value = PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(f_localsplus[i])
+            if not pyop_value.is_null():
+                pyop_name = PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self.co_varnames[i])
+                yield (pyop_name, pyop_value)
+
+    def iter_globals(self):
+        '''
+        Yield a sequence of (name,value) pairs of PyObjectPtr instances, for
+        the global variables of this frame
+        '''
+        if self.is_optimized_out():
+            return ()
+
+        pyop_globals = self.pyop_field('f_globals')
+        return pyop_globals.iteritems()
+
+    def iter_builtins(self):
+        '''
+        Yield a sequence of (name,value) pairs of PyObjectPtr instances, for
+        the builtin variables
+        '''
+        if self.is_optimized_out():
+            return ()
+
+        pyop_builtins = self.pyop_field('f_builtins')
+        return pyop_builtins.iteritems()
+
+    def get_var_by_name(self, name):
+        '''
+        Look for the named local variable, returning a (PyObjectPtr, scope) pair
+        where scope is a string 'local', 'global', 'builtin'
+
+        If not found, return (None, None)
+        '''
+        for pyop_name, pyop_value in self.iter_locals():
+            if name == pyop_name.proxyval(set()):
+                return pyop_value, 'local'
+        for pyop_name, pyop_value in self.iter_globals():
+            if name == pyop_name.proxyval(set()):
+                return pyop_value, 'global'
+        for pyop_name, pyop_value in self.iter_builtins():
+            if name == pyop_name.proxyval(set()):
+                return pyop_value, 'builtin'
+        return None, None
+
+    def filename(self):
+        '''Get the path of the current Python source file, as a string'''
+        if self.is_optimized_out():
+            return FRAME_INFO_OPTIMIZED_OUT
+        return self.co_filename.proxyval(set())
+
+    def current_line_num(self):
+        '''Get current line number as an integer (1-based)
+
+        Translated from PyFrame_GetLineNumber and PyCode_Addr2Line
+
+        See Objects/lnotab_notes.txt
+        '''
+        if self.is_optimized_out():
+            return None
+        f_trace = self.field('f_trace')
+        if long(f_trace) != 0:
+            # we have a non-NULL f_trace:
+            return self.f_lineno
+
+        try:
+            return self.co.addr2line(self.f_lasti)
+        except Exception:
+            # bpo-34989: addr2line() is a complex function, it can fail in many
+            # ways. For example, it fails with a TypeError on "FakeRepr" if
+            # gdb fails to load debug symbols. Use a catch-all "except
+            # Exception" to make the whole function safe. The caller has to
+            # handle None anyway for optimized Python.
+            return None
+
+    def current_line(self):
+        '''Get the text of the current source line as a string, with a trailing
+        newline character'''
+        if self.is_optimized_out():
+            return FRAME_INFO_OPTIMIZED_OUT
+
+        lineno = self.current_line_num()
+        if lineno is None:
+            return '(failed to get frame line number)'
+
+        filename = self.filename()
+        try:
+            with open(os_fsencode(filename), 'r') as fp:
+                lines = fp.readlines()
+        except IOError:
+            return None
+
+        try:
+            # Convert from 1-based current_line_num to 0-based list offset
+            return lines[lineno - 1]
+        except IndexError:
+            return None
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        if self.is_optimized_out():
+            out.write(FRAME_INFO_OPTIMIZED_OUT)
+            return
+        lineno = self.current_line_num()
+        lineno = str(lineno) if lineno is not None else "?"
+        out.write('Frame 0x%x, for file %s, line %s, in %s ('
+                  % (self.as_address(),
+                     self.co_filename.proxyval(visited),
+                     lineno,
+                     self.co_name.proxyval(visited)))
+        first = True
+        for pyop_name, pyop_value in self.iter_locals():
+            if not first:
+                out.write(', ')
+            first = False
+
+            out.write(pyop_name.proxyval(visited))
+            out.write('=')
+            pyop_value.write_repr(out, visited)
+
+        out.write(')')
+
+    def print_traceback(self):
+        if self.is_optimized_out():
+            sys.stdout.write('  %s\n' % FRAME_INFO_OPTIMIZED_OUT)
+            return
+        visited = set()
+        lineno = self.current_line_num()
+        lineno = str(lineno) if lineno is not None else "?"
+        sys.stdout.write('  File "%s", line %s, in %s\n'
+                  % (self.co_filename.proxyval(visited),
+                     lineno,
+                     self.co_name.proxyval(visited)))
+
+class PySetObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PySetObject'
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _dummy_key(self):
+        return gdb.lookup_global_symbol('_PySet_Dummy').value()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        dummy_ptr = self._dummy_key()
+        table = self.field('table')
+        for i in safe_range(self.field('mask') + 1):
+            setentry = table[i]
+            key = setentry['key']
+            if key != 0 and key != dummy_ptr:
+                yield PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(key)
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            return ProxyAlreadyVisited('%s(...)' % self.safe_tp_name())
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        members = (key.proxyval(visited) for key in self)
+        if self.safe_tp_name() == 'frozenset':
+            return frozenset(members)
+        else:
+            return set(members)
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Emulate Python 3's set_repr
+        tp_name = self.safe_tp_name()
+
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            out.write('(...)')
+            return
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        # Python 3's set_repr special-cases the empty set:
+        if not self.field('used'):
+            out.write(tp_name)
+            out.write('()')
+            return
+
+        # Python 3 uses {} for set literals:
+        if tp_name != 'set':
+            out.write(tp_name)
+            out.write('(')
+
+        out.write('{')
+        first = True
+        for key in self:
+            if not first:
+                out.write(', ')
+            first = False
+            key.write_repr(out, visited)
+        out.write('}')
+
+        if tp_name != 'set':
+            out.write(')')
+
+
+class PyBytesObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyBytesObject'
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        field_ob_size = self.field('ob_size')
+        field_ob_sval = self.field('ob_sval')
+        char_ptr = field_ob_sval.address.cast(_type_unsigned_char_ptr())
+        return ''.join([chr(char_ptr[i]) for i in safe_range(field_ob_size)])
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        return str(self)
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Write this out as a Python 3 bytes literal, i.e. with a "b" prefix
+
+        # Get a PyStringObject* within the Python 2 gdb process:
+        proxy = self.proxyval(visited)
+
+        # Transliteration of Python 3's Objects/bytesobject.c:PyBytes_Repr
+        # to Python 2 code:
+        quote = "'"
+        if "'" in proxy and not '"' in proxy:
+            quote = '"'
+        out.write('b')
+        out.write(quote)
+        for byte in proxy:
+            if byte == quote or byte == '\\':
+                out.write('\\')
+                out.write(byte)
+            elif byte == '\t':
+                out.write('\\t')
+            elif byte == '\n':
+                out.write('\\n')
+            elif byte == '\r':
+                out.write('\\r')
+            elif byte < ' ' or ord(byte) >= 0x7f:
+                out.write('\\x')
+                out.write(hexdigits[(ord(byte) & 0xf0) >> 4])
+                out.write(hexdigits[ord(byte) & 0xf])
+            else:
+                out.write(byte)
+        out.write(quote)
+
+class PyTupleObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyTupleObject'
+
+    def __getitem__(self, i):
+        # Get the gdb.Value for the (PyObject*) with the given index:
+        field_ob_item = self.field('ob_item')
+        return field_ob_item[i]
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            return ProxyAlreadyVisited('(...)')
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        result = tuple(PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self[i]).proxyval(visited)
+                       for i in safe_range(int_from_int(self.field('ob_size'))))
+        return result
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Guard against infinite loops:
+        if self.as_address() in visited:
+            out.write('(...)')
+            return
+        visited.add(self.as_address())
+
+        out.write('(')
+        for i in safe_range(int_from_int(self.field('ob_size'))):
+            if i > 0:
+                out.write(', ')
+            element = PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self[i])
+            element.write_repr(out, visited)
+        if self.field('ob_size') == 1:
+            out.write(',)')
+        else:
+            out.write(')')
+
+class PyTypeObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyTypeObject'
+
+
+def _unichr_is_printable(char):
+    # Logic adapted from Python 3's Tools/unicode/makeunicodedata.py
+    if char == u" ":
+        return True
+    import unicodedata
+    return unicodedata.category(char) not in ("C", "Z")
+
+if sys.maxunicode >= 0x10000:
+    _unichr = unichr
+else:
+    # Needed for proper surrogate support if sizeof(Py_UNICODE) is 2 in gdb
+    def _unichr(x):
+        if x < 0x10000:
+            return unichr(x)
+        x -= 0x10000
+        ch1 = 0xD800 | (x >> 10)
+        ch2 = 0xDC00 | (x & 0x3FF)
+        return unichr(ch1) + unichr(ch2)
+
+
+class PyUnicodeObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'PyUnicodeObject'
+
+    def char_width(self):
+        _type_Py_UNICODE = gdb.lookup_type('Py_UNICODE')
+        return _type_Py_UNICODE.sizeof
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        global _is_pep393
+        if _is_pep393 is None:
+            fields = gdb.lookup_type('PyUnicodeObject').fields()
+            _is_pep393 = 'data' in [f.name for f in fields]
+        if _is_pep393:
+            # Python 3.3 and newer
+            may_have_surrogates = False
+            compact = self.field('_base')
+            ascii = compact['_base']
+            state = ascii['state']
+            is_compact_ascii = (int(state['ascii']) and int(state['compact']))
+            if not int(state['ready']):
+                # string is not ready
+                field_length = long(compact['wstr_length'])
+                may_have_surrogates = True
+                field_str = ascii['wstr']
+            else:
+                field_length = long(ascii['length'])
+                if is_compact_ascii:
+                    field_str = ascii.address + 1
+                elif int(state['compact']):
+                    field_str = compact.address + 1
+                else:
+                    field_str = self.field('data')['any']
+                repr_kind = int(state['kind'])
+                if repr_kind == 1:
+                    field_str = field_str.cast(_type_unsigned_char_ptr())
+                elif repr_kind == 2:
+                    field_str = field_str.cast(_type_unsigned_short_ptr())
+                elif repr_kind == 4:
+                    field_str = field_str.cast(_type_unsigned_int_ptr())
+        else:
+            # Python 3.2 and earlier
+            field_length = long(self.field('length'))
+            field_str = self.field('str')
+            may_have_surrogates = self.char_width() == 2
+
+        # Gather a list of ints from the Py_UNICODE array; these are either
+        # UCS-1, UCS-2 or UCS-4 code points:
+        if not may_have_surrogates:
+            Py_UNICODEs = [int(field_str[i]) for i in safe_range(field_length)]
+        else:
+            # A more elaborate routine if sizeof(Py_UNICODE) is 2 in the
+            # inferior process: we must join surrogate pairs.
+            Py_UNICODEs = []
+            i = 0
+            limit = safety_limit(field_length)
+            while i < limit:
+                ucs = int(field_str[i])
+                i += 1
+                if ucs < 0xD800 or ucs >= 0xDC00 or i == field_length:
+                    Py_UNICODEs.append(ucs)
+                    continue
+                # This could be a surrogate pair.
+                ucs2 = int(field_str[i])
+                if ucs2 < 0xDC00 or ucs2 > 0xDFFF:
+                    continue
+                code = (ucs & 0x03FF) << 10
+                code |= ucs2 & 0x03FF
+                code += 0x00010000
+                Py_UNICODEs.append(code)
+                i += 1
+
+        # Convert the int code points to unicode characters, and generate a
+        # local unicode instance.
+        # This splits surrogate pairs if sizeof(Py_UNICODE) is 2 here (in gdb).
+        result = u''.join([
+            (_unichr(ucs) if ucs <= 0x10ffff else '\ufffd')
+            for ucs in Py_UNICODEs])
+        return result
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        # Write this out as a Python 3 str literal, i.e. without a "u" prefix
+
+        # Get a PyUnicodeObject* within the Python 2 gdb process:
+        proxy = self.proxyval(visited)
+
+        # Transliteration of Python 3's Object/unicodeobject.c:unicode_repr
+        # to Python 2:
+        if "'" in proxy and '"' not in proxy:
+            quote = '"'
+        else:
+            quote = "'"
+        out.write(quote)
+
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(proxy):
+            ch = proxy[i]
+            i += 1
+
+            # Escape quotes and backslashes
+            if ch == quote or ch == '\\':
+                out.write('\\')
+                out.write(ch)
+
+            #  Map special whitespace to '\t', \n', '\r'
+            elif ch == '\t':
+                out.write('\\t')
+            elif ch == '\n':
+                out.write('\\n')
+            elif ch == '\r':
+                out.write('\\r')
+
+            # Map non-printable US ASCII to '\xhh' */
+            elif ch < ' ' or ch == 0x7F:
+                out.write('\\x')
+                out.write(hexdigits[(ord(ch) >> 4) & 0x000F])
+                out.write(hexdigits[ord(ch) & 0x000F])
+
+            # Copy ASCII characters as-is
+            elif ord(ch) < 0x7F:
+                out.write(ch)
+
+            # Non-ASCII characters
+            else:
+                ucs = ch
+                ch2 = None
+                if sys.maxunicode < 0x10000:
+                    # If sizeof(Py_UNICODE) is 2 here (in gdb), join
+                    # surrogate pairs before calling _unichr_is_printable.
+                    if (i < len(proxy)
+                            and 0xD800 <= ord(ch) < 0xDC00
+                            and 0xDC00 <= ord(proxy[i]) <= 0xDFFF):
+                        ch2 = proxy[i]
+                        ucs = ch + ch2
+                        i += 1
+
+                # Unfortunately, Python 2's unicode type doesn't seem
+                # to expose the "isprintable" method
+                printable = _unichr_is_printable(ucs)
+                if printable:
+                    try:
+                        ucs.encode(ENCODING)
+                    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+                        printable = False
+
+                # Map Unicode whitespace and control characters
+                # (categories Z* and C* except ASCII space)
+                if not printable:
+                    if ch2 is not None:
+                        # Match Python 3's representation of non-printable
+                        # wide characters.
+                        code = (ord(ch) & 0x03FF) << 10
+                        code |= ord(ch2) & 0x03FF
+                        code += 0x00010000
+                    else:
+                        code = ord(ucs)
+
+                    # Map 8-bit characters to '\\xhh'
+                    if code <= 0xff:
+                        out.write('\\x')
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 4) & 0x000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[code & 0x000F])
+                    # Map 21-bit characters to '\U00xxxxxx'
+                    elif code >= 0x10000:
+                        out.write('\\U')
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 28) & 0x0000000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 24) & 0x0000000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 20) & 0x0000000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 16) & 0x0000000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 12) & 0x0000000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 8) & 0x0000000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 4) & 0x0000000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[code & 0x0000000F])
+                    # Map 16-bit characters to '\uxxxx'
+                    else:
+                        out.write('\\u')
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 12) & 0x000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 8) & 0x000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[(code >> 4) & 0x000F])
+                        out.write(hexdigits[code & 0x000F])
+                else:
+                    # Copy characters as-is
+                    out.write(ch)
+                    if ch2 is not None:
+                        out.write(ch2)
+
+        out.write(quote)
+
+
+class wrapperobject(PyObjectPtr):
+    _typename = 'wrapperobject'
+
+    def safe_name(self):
+        try:
+            name = self.field('descr')['d_base']['name'].string()
+            return repr(name)
+        except (NullPyObjectPtr, RuntimeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+            return '<unknown name>'
+
+    def safe_tp_name(self):
+        try:
+            return self.field('self')['ob_type']['tp_name'].string()
+        except (NullPyObjectPtr, RuntimeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+            return '<unknown tp_name>'
+
+    def safe_self_addresss(self):
+        try:
+            address = long(self.field('self'))
+            return '%#x' % address
+        except (NullPyObjectPtr, RuntimeError):
+            return '<failed to get self address>'
+
+    def proxyval(self, visited):
+        name = self.safe_name()
+        tp_name = self.safe_tp_name()
+        self_address = self.safe_self_addresss()
+        return ("<method-wrapper %s of %s object at %s>"
+                % (name, tp_name, self_address))
+
+    def write_repr(self, out, visited):
+        proxy = self.proxyval(visited)
+        out.write(proxy)
+
+
+def int_from_int(gdbval):
+    return int(gdbval)
+
+
+def stringify(val):
+    # TODO: repr() puts everything on one line; pformat can be nicer, but
+    # can lead to v.long results; this function isolates the choice
+    if True:
+        return repr(val)
+    else:
+        from pprint import pformat
+        return pformat(val)
+
+
+class PyObjectPtrPrinter:
+    "Prints a (PyObject*)"
+
+    def __init__ (self, gdbval):
+        self.gdbval = gdbval
+
+    def to_string (self):
+        pyop = PyObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(self.gdbval)
+        if True:
+            return pyop.get_truncated_repr(MAX_OUTPUT_LEN)
+        else:
+            # Generate full proxy value then stringify it.
+            # Doing so could be expensive
+            proxyval = pyop.proxyval(set())
+            return stringify(proxyval)
+
+def pretty_printer_lookup(gdbval):
+    type = gdbval.type.unqualified()
+    if type.code != gdb.TYPE_CODE_PTR:
+        return None
+
+    type = type.target().unqualified()
+    t = str(type)
+    if t in ("PyObject", "PyFrameObject", "PyUnicodeObject", "wrapperobject"):
+        return PyObjectPtrPrinter(gdbval)
+
+"""
+During development, I've been manually invoking the code in this way:
+(gdb) python
+
+import sys
+sys.path.append('/home/david/coding/python-gdb')
+import libpython
+end
+
+then reloading it after each edit like this:
+(gdb) python reload(libpython)
+
+The following code should ensure that the prettyprinter is registered
+if the code is autoloaded by gdb when visiting libpython.so, provided
+that this python file is installed to the same path as the library (or its
+.debug file) plus a "-gdb.py" suffix, e.g:
+  /usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0-gdb.py
+  /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/libpython2.6.so.1.0.debug-gdb.py
+"""
+def register (obj):
+    if obj is None:
+        obj = gdb
+
+    # Wire up the pretty-printer
+    obj.pretty_printers.append(pretty_printer_lookup)
+
+register (gdb.current_objfile ())
+
+
+
+# Unfortunately, the exact API exposed by the gdb module varies somewhat
+# from build to build
+# See http://bugs.python.org/issue8279?#msg102276
+
+class Frame(object):
+    '''
+    Wrapper for gdb.Frame, adding various methods
+    '''
+    def __init__(self, gdbframe):
+        self._gdbframe = gdbframe
+
+    def older(self):
+        older = self._gdbframe.older()
+        if older:
+            return Frame(older)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def newer(self):
+        newer = self._gdbframe.newer()
+        if newer:
+            return Frame(newer)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def select(self):
+        '''If supported, select this frame and return True; return False if unsupported
+
+        Not all builds have a gdb.Frame.select method; seems to be present on Fedora 12
+        onwards, but absent on Ubuntu buildbot'''
+        if not hasattr(self._gdbframe, 'select'):
+            print ('Unable to select frame: '
+                   'this build of gdb does not expose a gdb.Frame.select method')
+            return False
+        self._gdbframe.select()
+        return True
+
+    def get_index(self):
+        '''Calculate index of frame, starting at 0 for the newest frame within
+        this thread'''
+        index = 0
+        # Go down until you reach the newest frame:
+        iter_frame = self
+        while iter_frame.newer():
+            index += 1
+            iter_frame = iter_frame.newer()
+        return index
+
+    # We divide frames into:
+    #   - "python frames":
+    #       - "bytecode frames" i.e. PyEval_EvalFrameEx
+    #       - "other python frames": things that are of interest from a python
+    #         POV, but aren't bytecode (e.g. GC, GIL)
+    #   - everything else
+
+    def is_python_frame(self):
+        '''Is this a _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault frame, or some other important
+        frame? (see is_other_python_frame for what "important" means in this
+        context)'''
+        if self.is_evalframe():
+            return True
+        if self.is_other_python_frame():
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def is_evalframe(self):
+        '''Is this a _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault frame?'''
+        if self._gdbframe.name() == EVALFRAME:
+            '''
+            I believe we also need to filter on the inline
+            struct frame_id.inline_depth, only regarding frames with
+            an inline depth of 0 as actually being this function
+
+            So we reject those with type gdb.INLINE_FRAME
+            '''
+            if self._gdbframe.type() == gdb.NORMAL_FRAME:
+                # We have a _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault frame:
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def is_other_python_frame(self):
+        '''Is this frame worth displaying in python backtraces?
+        Examples:
+          - waiting on the GIL
+          - garbage-collecting
+          - within a CFunction
+         If it is, return a descriptive string
+         For other frames, return False
+         '''
+        if self.is_waiting_for_gil():
+            return 'Waiting for the GIL'
+
+        if self.is_gc_collect():
+            return 'Garbage-collecting'
+
+        # Detect invocations of PyCFunction instances:
+        frame = self._gdbframe
+        caller = frame.name()
+        if not caller:
+            return False
+
+        if (caller.startswith('cfunction_vectorcall_') or
+            caller == 'cfunction_call'):
+            arg_name = 'func'
+            # Within that frame:
+            #   "func" is the local containing the PyObject* of the
+            # PyCFunctionObject instance
+            #   "f" is the same value, but cast to (PyCFunctionObject*)
+            #   "self" is the (PyObject*) of the 'self'
+            try:
+                # Use the prettyprinter for the func:
+                func = frame.read_var(arg_name)
+                return str(func)
+            except ValueError:
+                return ('PyCFunction invocation (unable to read %s: '
+                        'missing debuginfos?)' % arg_name)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                return 'PyCFunction invocation (unable to read %s)' % arg_name
+
+        if caller == 'wrapper_call':
+            arg_name = 'wp'
+            try:
+                func = frame.read_var(arg_name)
+                return str(func)
+            except ValueError:
+                return ('<wrapper_call invocation (unable to read %s: '
+                        'missing debuginfos?)>' % arg_name)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                return '<wrapper_call invocation (unable to read %s)>' % arg_name
+
+        # This frame isn't worth reporting:
+        return False
+
+    def is_waiting_for_gil(self):
+        '''Is this frame waiting on the GIL?'''
+        # This assumes the _POSIX_THREADS version of Python/ceval_gil.h:
+        name = self._gdbframe.name()
+        if name:
+            return (name == 'take_gil')
+
+    def is_gc_collect(self):
+        '''Is this frame "collect" within the garbage-collector?'''
+        return self._gdbframe.name() == 'collect'
+
+    def get_pyop(self):
+        try:
+            f = self._gdbframe.read_var('f')
+            frame = PyFrameObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(f)
+            if not frame.is_optimized_out():
+                return frame
+            # gdb is unable to get the "f" argument of PyEval_EvalFrameEx()
+            # because it was "optimized out". Try to get "f" from the frame
+            # of the caller, PyEval_EvalCodeEx().
+            orig_frame = frame
+            caller = self._gdbframe.older()
+            if caller:
+                f = caller.read_var('f')
+                frame = PyFrameObjectPtr.from_pyobject_ptr(f)
+                if not frame.is_optimized_out():
+                    return frame
+            return orig_frame
+        except ValueError:
+            return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_selected_frame(cls):
+        _gdbframe = gdb.selected_frame()
+        if _gdbframe:
+            return Frame(_gdbframe)
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_selected_python_frame(cls):
+        '''Try to obtain the Frame for the python-related code in the selected
+        frame, or None'''
+        try:
+            frame = cls.get_selected_frame()
+        except gdb.error:
+            # No frame: Python didn't start yet
+            return None
+
+        while frame:
+            if frame.is_python_frame():
+                return frame
+            frame = frame.older()
+
+        # Not found:
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_selected_bytecode_frame(cls):
+        '''Try to obtain the Frame for the python bytecode interpreter in the
+        selected GDB frame, or None'''
+        frame = cls.get_selected_frame()
+
+        while frame:
+            if frame.is_evalframe():
+                return frame
+            frame = frame.older()
+
+        # Not found:
+        return None
+
+    def print_summary(self):
+        if self.is_evalframe():
+            pyop = self.get_pyop()
+            if pyop:
+                line = pyop.get_truncated_repr(MAX_OUTPUT_LEN)
+                write_unicode(sys.stdout, '#%i %s\n' % (self.get_index(), line))
+                if not pyop.is_optimized_out():
+                    line = pyop.current_line()
+                    if line is not None:
+                        sys.stdout.write('    %s\n' % line.strip())
+            else:
+                sys.stdout.write('#%i (unable to read python frame information)\n' % self.get_index())
+        else:
+            info = self.is_other_python_frame()
+            if info:
+                sys.stdout.write('#%i %s\n' % (self.get_index(), info))
+            else:
+                sys.stdout.write('#%i\n' % self.get_index())
+
+    def print_traceback(self):
+        if self.is_evalframe():
+            pyop = self.get_pyop()
+            if pyop:
+                pyop.print_traceback()
+                if not pyop.is_optimized_out():
+                    line = pyop.current_line()
+                    if line is not None:
+                        sys.stdout.write('    %s\n' % line.strip())
+            else:
+                sys.stdout.write('  (unable to read python frame information)\n')
+        else:
+            info = self.is_other_python_frame()
+            if info:
+                sys.stdout.write('  %s\n' % info)
+            else:
+                sys.stdout.write('  (not a python frame)\n')
+
+class PyList(gdb.Command):
+    '''List the current Python source code, if any
+
+    Use
+       py-list START
+    to list at a different line number within the python source.
+
+    Use
+       py-list START, END
+    to list a specific range of lines within the python source.
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        gdb.Command.__init__ (self,
+                              "py-list",
+                              gdb.COMMAND_FILES,
+                              gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        import re
+
+        start = None
+        end = None
+
+        m = re.match(r'\s*(\d+)\s*', args)
+        if m:
+            start = int(m.group(0))
+            end = start + 10
+
+        m = re.match(r'\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*', args)
+        if m:
+            start, end = map(int, m.groups())
+
+        # py-list requires an actual PyEval_EvalFrameEx frame:
+        frame = Frame.get_selected_bytecode_frame()
+        if not frame:
+            print('Unable to locate gdb frame for python bytecode interpreter')
+            return
+
+        pyop = frame.get_pyop()
+        if not pyop or pyop.is_optimized_out():
+            print(UNABLE_READ_INFO_PYTHON_FRAME)
+            return
+
+        filename = pyop.filename()
+        lineno = pyop.current_line_num()
+        if lineno is None:
+            print('Unable to read python frame line number')
+            return
+
+        if start is None:
+            start = lineno - 5
+            end = lineno + 5
+
+        if start<1:
+            start = 1
+
+        try:
+            f = open(os_fsencode(filename), 'r')
+        except IOError as err:
+            sys.stdout.write('Unable to open %s: %s\n'
+                             % (filename, err))
+            return
+        with f:
+            all_lines = f.readlines()
+            # start and end are 1-based, all_lines is 0-based;
+            # so [start-1:end] as a python slice gives us [start, end] as a
+            # closed interval
+            for i, line in enumerate(all_lines[start-1:end]):
+                linestr = str(i+start)
+                # Highlight current line:
+                if i + start == lineno:
+                    linestr = '>' + linestr
+                sys.stdout.write('%4s    %s' % (linestr, line))
+
+
+# ...and register the command:
+PyList()
+
+def move_in_stack(move_up):
+    '''Move up or down the stack (for the py-up/py-down command)'''
+    frame = Frame.get_selected_python_frame()
+    if not frame:
+        print('Unable to locate python frame')
+        return
+
+    while frame:
+        if move_up:
+            iter_frame = frame.older()
+        else:
+            iter_frame = frame.newer()
+
+        if not iter_frame:
+            break
+
+        if iter_frame.is_python_frame():
+            # Result:
+            if iter_frame.select():
+                iter_frame.print_summary()
+            return
+
+        frame = iter_frame
+
+    if move_up:
+        print('Unable to find an older python frame')
+    else:
+        print('Unable to find a newer python frame')
+
+class PyUp(gdb.Command):
+    'Select and print the python stack frame that called this one (if any)'
+    def __init__(self):
+        gdb.Command.__init__ (self,
+                              "py-up",
+                              gdb.COMMAND_STACK,
+                              gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        move_in_stack(move_up=True)
+
+class PyDown(gdb.Command):
+    'Select and print the python stack frame called by this one (if any)'
+    def __init__(self):
+        gdb.Command.__init__ (self,
+                              "py-down",
+                              gdb.COMMAND_STACK,
+                              gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        move_in_stack(move_up=False)
+
+# Not all builds of gdb have gdb.Frame.select
+if hasattr(gdb.Frame, 'select'):
+    PyUp()
+    PyDown()
+
+class PyBacktraceFull(gdb.Command):
+    'Display the current python frame and all the frames within its call stack (if any)'
+    def __init__(self):
+        gdb.Command.__init__ (self,
+                              "py-bt-full",
+                              gdb.COMMAND_STACK,
+                              gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        frame = Frame.get_selected_python_frame()
+        if not frame:
+            print('Unable to locate python frame')
+            return
+
+        while frame:
+            if frame.is_python_frame():
+                frame.print_summary()
+            frame = frame.older()
+
+PyBacktraceFull()
+
+class PyBacktrace(gdb.Command):
+    'Display the current python frame and all the frames within its call stack (if any)'
+    def __init__(self):
+        gdb.Command.__init__ (self,
+                              "py-bt",
+                              gdb.COMMAND_STACK,
+                              gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        frame = Frame.get_selected_python_frame()
+        if not frame:
+            print('Unable to locate python frame')
+            return
+
+        sys.stdout.write('Traceback (most recent call first):\n')
+        while frame:
+            if frame.is_python_frame():
+                frame.print_traceback()
+            frame = frame.older()
+
+PyBacktrace()
+
+class PyPrint(gdb.Command):
+    'Look up the given python variable name, and print it'
+    def __init__(self):
+        gdb.Command.__init__ (self,
+                              "py-print",
+                              gdb.COMMAND_DATA,
+                              gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        name = str(args)
+
+        frame = Frame.get_selected_python_frame()
+        if not frame:
+            print('Unable to locate python frame')
+            return
+
+        pyop_frame = frame.get_pyop()
+        if not pyop_frame:
+            print(UNABLE_READ_INFO_PYTHON_FRAME)
+            return
+
+        pyop_var, scope = pyop_frame.get_var_by_name(name)
+
+        if pyop_var:
+            print('%s %r = %s'
+                   % (scope,
+                      name,
+                      pyop_var.get_truncated_repr(MAX_OUTPUT_LEN)))
+        else:
+            print('%r not found' % name)
+
+PyPrint()
+
+class PyLocals(gdb.Command):
+    'Look up the given python variable name, and print it'
+    def __init__(self):
+        gdb.Command.__init__ (self,
+                              "py-locals",
+                              gdb.COMMAND_DATA,
+                              gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        name = str(args)
+
+        frame = Frame.get_selected_python_frame()
+        if not frame:
+            print('Unable to locate python frame')
+            return
+
+        pyop_frame = frame.get_pyop()
+        if not pyop_frame:
+            print(UNABLE_READ_INFO_PYTHON_FRAME)
+            return
+
+        for pyop_name, pyop_value in pyop_frame.iter_locals():
+            print('%s = %s' % (
+                pyop_name.proxyval(set()),
+                pyop_value.get_truncated_repr(MAX_OUTPUT_LEN),
+            ))
+
+PyLocals()
+
+
+##################################################################
+## added, not in CPython
+##################################################################
+
+import re
+import warnings
+import tempfile
+import functools
+import textwrap
+import itertools
+import traceback
+
+
+def dont_suppress_errors(function):
+    "*sigh*, readline"
+    @functools.wraps(function)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return function(*args, **kwargs)
+        except Exception:
+            traceback.print_exc()
+            raise
+
+    return wrapper
+
+class PyGlobals(gdb.Command):
+    'List all the globals in the currently select Python frame'
+    def __init__(self):
+        gdb.Command.__init__ (self,
+                              "py-globals",
+                              gdb.COMMAND_DATA,
+                              gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+    @dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        name = str(args)
+
+        frame = Frame.get_selected_python_frame()
+        if not frame:
+            print('Unable to locate python frame')
+            return
+
+        pyop_frame = frame.get_pyop()
+        if not pyop_frame:
+            print(UNABLE_READ_INFO_PYTHON_FRAME)
+            return
+
+        for pyop_name, pyop_value in pyop_frame.iter_locals():
+            print('%s = %s'
+                   % (pyop_name.proxyval(set()),
+                      pyop_value.get_truncated_repr(MAX_OUTPUT_LEN)))
+
+    def get_namespace(self, pyop_frame):
+        return pyop_frame.iter_globals()
+
+
+PyGlobals()
+
+# This function used to be a part of CPython's libpython.py (as a member function of frame).
+# It isn't anymore, so I copied it.
+def is_evalframeex(frame):
+    '''Is this a PyEval_EvalFrameEx frame?'''
+    if frame._gdbframe.name() == 'PyEval_EvalFrameEx':
+        '''
+        I believe we also need to filter on the inline
+        struct frame_id.inline_depth, only regarding frames with
+        an inline depth of 0 as actually being this function
+
+        So we reject those with type gdb.INLINE_FRAME
+        '''
+        if frame._gdbframe.type() == gdb.NORMAL_FRAME:
+            # We have a PyEval_EvalFrameEx frame:
+            return True
+
+    return False
+
+class PyNameEquals(gdb.Function):
+
+    def _get_pycurframe_attr(self, attr):
+        frame = Frame(gdb.selected_frame())
+        if is_evalframeex(frame):
+            pyframe = frame.get_pyop()
+            if pyframe is None:
+                warnings.warn("Use a Python debug build, Python breakpoints "
+                              "won't work otherwise.")
+                return None
+
+            return getattr(pyframe, attr).proxyval(set())
+
+        return None
+
+    @dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, funcname):
+        attr = self._get_pycurframe_attr('co_name')
+        return attr is not None and attr == funcname.string()
+
+PyNameEquals("pyname_equals")
+
+
+class PyModEquals(PyNameEquals):
+
+    @dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, modname):
+        attr = self._get_pycurframe_attr('co_filename')
+        if attr is not None:
+            filename, ext = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(attr))
+            return filename == modname.string()
+        return False
+
+PyModEquals("pymod_equals")
+
+
+class PyBreak(gdb.Command):
+    """
+    Set a Python breakpoint. Examples:
+
+    Break on any function or method named 'func' in module 'modname'
+
+        py-break modname.func
+
+    Break on any function or method named 'func'
+
+        py-break func
+    """
+
+    @dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, funcname, from_tty):
+        if '.' in funcname:
+            modname, dot, funcname = funcname.rpartition('.')
+            cond = '$pyname_equals("%s") && $pymod_equals("%s")' % (funcname,
+                                                                    modname)
+        else:
+            cond = '$pyname_equals("%s")' % funcname
+
+        gdb.execute('break PyEval_EvalFrameEx if ' + cond)
+
+PyBreak("py-break", gdb.COMMAND_RUNNING, gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+
+
+class _LoggingState(object):
+    """
+    State that helps to provide a reentrant gdb.execute() function.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        f = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile('r+')
+        self.file = f
+        self.filename = f.name
+        self.fd = f.fileno()
+        _execute("set logging file %s" % self.filename)
+        self.file_position_stack = []
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        if not self.file_position_stack:
+            _execute("set logging redirect on")
+            _execute("set logging on")
+            _execute("set pagination off")
+
+        self.file_position_stack.append(os.fstat(self.fd).st_size)
+        return self
+
+    def getoutput(self):
+        gdb.flush()
+        self.file.seek(self.file_position_stack[-1])
+        result = self.file.read()
+        return result
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, tb):
+        startpos = self.file_position_stack.pop()
+        self.file.seek(startpos)
+        self.file.truncate()
+        if not self.file_position_stack:
+            _execute("set logging off")
+            _execute("set logging redirect off")
+            _execute("set pagination on")
+
+
+def execute(command, from_tty=False, to_string=False):
+    """
+    Replace gdb.execute() with this function and have it accept a 'to_string'
+    argument (new in 7.2). Have it properly capture stderr also. Ensure
+    reentrancy.
+    """
+    if to_string:
+        with _logging_state as state:
+            _execute(command, from_tty)
+            return state.getoutput()
+    else:
+        _execute(command, from_tty)
+
+
+_execute = gdb.execute
+gdb.execute = execute
+_logging_state = _LoggingState()
+
+
+def get_selected_inferior():
+    """
+    Return the selected inferior in gdb.
+    """
+    # Woooh, another bug in gdb! Is there an end in sight?
+    # http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12212
+    return gdb.inferiors()[0]
+
+    selected_thread = gdb.selected_thread()
+
+    for inferior in gdb.inferiors():
+        for thread in inferior.threads():
+            if thread == selected_thread:
+                return inferior
+
+
+def source_gdb_script(script_contents, to_string=False):
+    """
+    Source a gdb script with script_contents passed as a string. This is useful
+    to provide defines for py-step and py-next to make them repeatable (this is
+    not possible with gdb.execute()). See
+    http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12216
+    """
+    fd, filename = tempfile.mkstemp()
+    f = os.fdopen(fd, 'w')
+    f.write(script_contents)
+    f.close()
+    gdb.execute("source %s" % filename, to_string=to_string)
+    os.remove(filename)
+
+
+def register_defines():
+    source_gdb_script(textwrap.dedent("""\
+        define py-step
+        -py-step
+        end
+
+        define py-next
+        -py-next
+        end
+
+        document py-step
+        %s
+        end
+
+        document py-next
+        %s
+        end
+    """) % (PyStep.__doc__, PyNext.__doc__))
+
+
+def stackdepth(frame):
+    "Tells the stackdepth of a gdb frame."
+    depth = 0
+    while frame:
+        frame = frame.older()
+        depth += 1
+
+    return depth
+
+
+class ExecutionControlCommandBase(gdb.Command):
+    """
+    Superclass for language specific execution control. Language specific
+    features should be implemented by lang_info using the LanguageInfo
+    interface. 'name' is the name of the command.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name, lang_info):
+        super(ExecutionControlCommandBase, self).__init__(
+                                name, gdb.COMMAND_RUNNING, gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+        self.lang_info = lang_info
+
+    def install_breakpoints(self):
+        all_locations = itertools.chain(
+            self.lang_info.static_break_functions(),
+            self.lang_info.runtime_break_functions())
+
+        for location in all_locations:
+            result = gdb.execute('break %s' % location, to_string=True)
+            yield re.search(r'Breakpoint (\d+)', result).group(1)
+
+    def delete_breakpoints(self, breakpoint_list):
+        for bp in breakpoint_list:
+            gdb.execute("delete %s" % bp)
+
+    def filter_output(self, result):
+        reflags = re.MULTILINE
+
+        output_on_halt = [
+            (r'^Program received signal .*', reflags|re.DOTALL),
+            (r'.*[Ww]arning.*', 0),
+            (r'^Program exited .*', reflags),
+        ]
+
+        output_always = [
+            # output when halting on a watchpoint
+            (r'^(Old|New) value = .*', reflags),
+            # output from the 'display' command
+            (r'^\d+: \w+ = .*', reflags),
+        ]
+
+        def filter_output(regexes):
+            output = []
+            for regex, flags in regexes:
+                for match in re.finditer(regex, result, flags):
+                    output.append(match.group(0))
+
+            return '\n'.join(output)
+
+        # Filter the return value output of the 'finish' command
+        match_finish = re.search(r'^Value returned is \$\d+ = (.*)', result,
+                                 re.MULTILINE)
+        if match_finish:
+            finish_output = 'Value returned: %s\n' % match_finish.group(1)
+        else:
+            finish_output = ''
+
+        return (filter_output(output_on_halt),
+                finish_output + filter_output(output_always))
+
+    def stopped(self):
+        return get_selected_inferior().pid == 0
+
+    def finish_executing(self, result):
+        """
+        After doing some kind of code running in the inferior, print the line
+        of source code or the result of the last executed gdb command (passed
+        in as the `result` argument).
+        """
+        output_on_halt, output_always = self.filter_output(result)
+
+        if self.stopped():
+            print(output_always)
+            print(output_on_halt)
+        else:
+            frame = gdb.selected_frame()
+            source_line = self.lang_info.get_source_line(frame)
+            if self.lang_info.is_relevant_function(frame):
+                raised_exception = self.lang_info.exc_info(frame)
+                if raised_exception:
+                    print(raised_exception)
+
+            if source_line:
+                if output_always.rstrip():
+                    print(output_always.rstrip())
+                print(source_line)
+            else:
+                print(result)
+
+    def _finish(self):
+        """
+        Execute until the function returns (or until something else makes it
+        stop)
+        """
+        if gdb.selected_frame().older() is not None:
+            return gdb.execute('finish', to_string=True)
+        else:
+            # outermost frame, continue
+            return gdb.execute('cont', to_string=True)
+
+    def _finish_frame(self):
+        """
+        Execute until the function returns to a relevant caller.
+        """
+        while True:
+            result = self._finish()
+
+            try:
+                frame = gdb.selected_frame()
+            except RuntimeError:
+                break
+
+            hitbp = re.search(r'Breakpoint (\d+)', result)
+            is_relevant = self.lang_info.is_relevant_function(frame)
+            if hitbp or is_relevant or self.stopped():
+                break
+
+        return result
+
+    def finish(self, *args):
+        "Implements the finish command."
+        result = self._finish_frame()
+        self.finish_executing(result)
+
+    def step(self, stepinto, stepover_command='next'):
+        """
+        Do a single step or step-over. Returns the result of the last gdb
+        command that made execution stop.
+
+        This implementation, for stepping, sets (conditional) breakpoints for
+        all functions that are deemed relevant. It then does a step over until
+        either something halts execution, or until the next line is reached.
+
+        If, however, stepover_command is given, it should be a string gdb
+        command that continues execution in some way. The idea is that the
+        caller has set a (conditional) breakpoint or watchpoint that can work
+        more efficiently than the step-over loop. For Python this means setting
+        a watchpoint for f->f_lasti, which means we can then subsequently
+        "finish" frames.
+        We want f->f_lasti instead of f->f_lineno, because the latter only
+        works properly with local trace functions, see
+        PyFrameObjectPtr.current_line_num and PyFrameObjectPtr.addr2line.
+        """
+        if stepinto:
+            breakpoint_list = list(self.install_breakpoints())
+
+        beginframe = gdb.selected_frame()
+
+        if self.lang_info.is_relevant_function(beginframe):
+            # If we start in a relevant frame, initialize stuff properly. If
+            # we don't start in a relevant frame, the loop will halt
+            # immediately. So don't call self.lang_info.lineno() as it may
+            # raise for irrelevant frames.
+            beginline = self.lang_info.lineno(beginframe)
+
+            if not stepinto:
+                depth = stackdepth(beginframe)
+
+        newframe = beginframe
+
+        while True:
+            if self.lang_info.is_relevant_function(newframe):
+                result = gdb.execute(stepover_command, to_string=True)
+            else:
+                result = self._finish_frame()
+
+            if self.stopped():
+                break
+
+            newframe = gdb.selected_frame()
+            is_relevant_function = self.lang_info.is_relevant_function(newframe)
+            try:
+                framename = newframe.name()
+            except RuntimeError:
+                framename = None
+
+            m = re.search(r'Breakpoint (\d+)', result)
+            if m:
+                if is_relevant_function and m.group(1) in breakpoint_list:
+                    # although we hit a breakpoint, we still need to check
+                    # that the function, in case hit by a runtime breakpoint,
+                    # is in the right context
+                    break
+
+            if newframe != beginframe:
+                # new function
+
+                if not stepinto:
+                    # see if we returned to the caller
+                    newdepth = stackdepth(newframe)
+                    is_relevant_function = (newdepth < depth and
+                                            is_relevant_function)
+
+                if is_relevant_function:
+                    break
+            else:
+                # newframe equals beginframe, check for a difference in the
+                # line number
+                lineno = self.lang_info.lineno(newframe)
+                if lineno and lineno != beginline:
+                    break
+
+        if stepinto:
+            self.delete_breakpoints(breakpoint_list)
+
+        self.finish_executing(result)
+
+    def run(self, args, from_tty):
+        self.finish_executing(gdb.execute('run ' + args, to_string=True))
+
+    def cont(self, *args):
+        self.finish_executing(gdb.execute('cont', to_string=True))
+
+
+class LanguageInfo(object):
+    """
+    This class defines the interface that ExecutionControlCommandBase needs to
+    provide language-specific execution control.
+
+    Classes that implement this interface should implement:
+
+        lineno(frame)
+            Tells the current line number (only called for a relevant frame).
+            If lineno is a false value it is not checked for a difference.
+
+        is_relevant_function(frame)
+            tells whether we care about frame 'frame'
+
+        get_source_line(frame)
+            get the line of source code for the current line (only called for a
+            relevant frame). If the source code cannot be retrieved this
+            function should return None
+
+        exc_info(frame) -- optional
+            tells whether an exception was raised, if so, it should return a
+            string representation of the exception value, None otherwise.
+
+        static_break_functions()
+            returns an iterable of function names that are considered relevant
+            and should halt step-into execution. This is needed to provide a
+            performing step-into
+
+        runtime_break_functions() -- optional
+            list of functions that we should break into depending on the
+            context
+    """
+
+    def exc_info(self, frame):
+        "See this class' docstring."
+
+    def runtime_break_functions(self):
+        """
+        Implement this if the list of step-into functions depends on the
+        context.
+        """
+        return ()
+
+
+class PythonInfo(LanguageInfo):
+
+    def pyframe(self, frame):
+        pyframe = Frame(frame).get_pyop()
+        if pyframe:
+            return pyframe
+        else:
+            raise gdb.RuntimeError(
+                "Unable to find the Python frame, run your code with a debug "
+                "build (configure with --with-pydebug or compile with -g).")
+
+    def lineno(self, frame):
+        return self.pyframe(frame).current_line_num()
+
+    def is_relevant_function(self, frame):
+        return Frame(frame).is_evalframeex()
+
+    def get_source_line(self, frame):
+        try:
+            pyframe = self.pyframe(frame)
+            return '%4d    %s' % (pyframe.current_line_num(),
+                                  pyframe.current_line().rstrip())
+        except IOError:
+            return None
+
+    def exc_info(self, frame):
+        try:
+            tstate = frame.read_var('tstate').dereference()
+            if gdb.parse_and_eval('tstate->frame == f'):
+                # tstate local variable initialized, check for an exception
+                if sys.version_info >= (3, 12, 0, 'alpha', 6):
+                    inf_type = inf_value = tstate['current_exception']
+                else:
+                    inf_type = tstate['curexc_type']
+                    inf_value = tstate['curexc_value']
+
+                if inf_type:
+                    return 'An exception was raised: %s' % (inf_value,)
+        except (ValueError, RuntimeError):
+            # Could not read the variable tstate or it's memory, it's ok
+            pass
+
+    def static_break_functions(self):
+        yield 'PyEval_EvalFrameEx'
+
+
+class PythonStepperMixin(object):
+    """
+    Make this a mixin so CyStep can also inherit from this and use a
+    CythonCodeStepper at the same time.
+    """
+
+    def python_step(self, stepinto):
+        """
+        Set a watchpoint on the Python bytecode instruction pointer and try
+        to finish the frame
+        """
+        output = gdb.execute('watch f->f_lasti', to_string=True)
+        watchpoint = int(re.search(r'[Ww]atchpoint (\d+):', output).group(1))
+        self.step(stepinto=stepinto, stepover_command='finish')
+        gdb.execute('delete %s' % watchpoint)
+
+
+class PyStep(ExecutionControlCommandBase, PythonStepperMixin):
+    "Step through Python code."
+
+    stepinto = True
+
+    @dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        self.python_step(stepinto=self.stepinto)
+
+
+class PyNext(PyStep):
+    "Step-over Python code."
+
+    stepinto = False
+
+
+class PyFinish(ExecutionControlCommandBase):
+    "Execute until function returns to a caller."
+
+    invoke = dont_suppress_errors(ExecutionControlCommandBase.finish)
+
+
+class PyRun(ExecutionControlCommandBase):
+    "Run the program."
+
+    invoke = dont_suppress_errors(ExecutionControlCommandBase.run)
+
+
+class PyCont(ExecutionControlCommandBase):
+
+    invoke = dont_suppress_errors(ExecutionControlCommandBase.cont)
+
+
+def _pointervalue(gdbval):
+    """
+    Return the value of the pointer as a Python int.
+
+    gdbval.type must be a pointer type
+    """
+    # don't convert with int() as it will raise a RuntimeError
+    if gdbval.address is not None:
+        return int(gdbval.address)
+    else:
+        # the address attribute is None sometimes, in which case we can
+        # still convert the pointer to an int
+        return int(gdbval)
+
+
+def pointervalue(gdbval):
+    pointer = _pointervalue(gdbval)
+    try:
+        if pointer < 0:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("Negative pointer value, presumably a bug "
+                               "in gdb, aborting.")
+    except RuntimeError:
+        # work around yet another bug in gdb where you get random behaviour
+        # and tracebacks
+        pass
+
+    return pointer
+
+
+def get_inferior_unicode_postfix():
+    try:
+        gdb.parse_and_eval('PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject')
+    except RuntimeError:
+        try:
+            gdb.parse_and_eval('PyUnicodeUCS2_FromEncodedObject')
+        except RuntimeError:
+            return 'UCS4'
+        else:
+            return 'UCS2'
+    else:
+        return ''
+
+
+class PythonCodeExecutor(object):
+
+    Py_single_input = 256
+    Py_file_input = 257
+    Py_eval_input = 258
+
+    def malloc(self, size):
+        chunk = (gdb.parse_and_eval("(void *) malloc((size_t) %d)" % size))
+
+        pointer = pointervalue(chunk)
+        if pointer == 0:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("No memory could be allocated in the inferior.")
+
+        return pointer
+
+    def alloc_string(self, string):
+        pointer = self.malloc(len(string))
+        get_selected_inferior().write_memory(pointer, string)
+
+        return pointer
+
+    def alloc_pystring(self, string):
+        stringp = self.alloc_string(string)
+        PyString_FromStringAndSize = 'PyString_FromStringAndSize'
+
+        try:
+            gdb.parse_and_eval(PyString_FromStringAndSize)
+        except RuntimeError:
+            # Python 3
+            PyString_FromStringAndSize = ('PyUnicode%s_FromStringAndSize' %
+                                               (get_inferior_unicode_postfix(),))
+
+        try:
+            result = gdb.parse_and_eval(
+                '(PyObject *) %s((char *) %d, (size_t) %d)' % (
+                            PyString_FromStringAndSize, stringp, len(string)))
+        finally:
+            self.free(stringp)
+
+        pointer = pointervalue(result)
+        if pointer == 0:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("Unable to allocate Python string in "
+                               "the inferior.")
+
+        return pointer
+
+    def free(self, pointer):
+        gdb.parse_and_eval("(void) free((void *) %d)" % pointer)
+
+    def incref(self, pointer):
+        "Increment the reference count of a Python object in the inferior."
+        gdb.parse_and_eval('Py_IncRef((PyObject *) %d)' % pointer)
+
+    def xdecref(self, pointer):
+        "Decrement the reference count of a Python object in the inferior."
+        # Py_DecRef is like Py_XDECREF, but a function. So we don't have
+        # to check for NULL. This should also decref all our allocated
+        # Python strings.
+        gdb.parse_and_eval('Py_DecRef((PyObject *) %d)' % pointer)
+
+    def evalcode(self, code, input_type, global_dict=None, local_dict=None):
+        """
+        Evaluate python code `code` given as a string in the inferior and
+        return the result as a gdb.Value. Returns a new reference in the
+        inferior.
+
+        Of course, executing any code in the inferior may be dangerous and may
+        leave the debuggee in an unsafe state or terminate it altogether.
+        """
+        if '\0' in code:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("String contains NUL byte.")
+
+        code += '\0'
+
+        pointer = self.alloc_string(code)
+
+        globalsp = pointervalue(global_dict)
+        localsp = pointervalue(local_dict)
+
+        if globalsp == 0 or localsp == 0:
+            raise gdb.GdbError("Unable to obtain or create locals or globals.")
+
+        code = """
+            PyRun_String(
+                (char *) %(code)d,
+                (int) %(start)d,
+                (PyObject *) %(globals)s,
+                (PyObject *) %(locals)d)
+        """ % dict(code=pointer, start=input_type,
+                   globals=globalsp, locals=localsp)
+
+        with FetchAndRestoreError():
+            try:
+                pyobject_return_value = gdb.parse_and_eval(code)
+            finally:
+                self.free(pointer)
+
+        return pyobject_return_value
+
+
+class FetchAndRestoreError(PythonCodeExecutor):
+    """
+    Context manager that fetches the error indicator in the inferior and
+    restores it on exit.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.sizeof_PyObjectPtr = gdb.lookup_type('PyObject').pointer().sizeof
+        self.pointer = self.malloc(self.sizeof_PyObjectPtr * 3)
+
+        type = self.pointer
+        value = self.pointer + self.sizeof_PyObjectPtr
+        traceback = self.pointer + self.sizeof_PyObjectPtr * 2
+
+        self.errstate = type, value, traceback
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        gdb.parse_and_eval("PyErr_Fetch(%d, %d, %d)" % self.errstate)
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args):
+        if gdb.parse_and_eval("(int) PyErr_Occurred()"):
+            gdb.parse_and_eval("PyErr_Print()")
+
+        pyerr_restore = ("PyErr_Restore("
+                            "(PyObject *) *%d,"
+                            "(PyObject *) *%d,"
+                            "(PyObject *) *%d)")
+
+        try:
+            gdb.parse_and_eval(pyerr_restore % self.errstate)
+        finally:
+            self.free(self.pointer)
+
+
+class FixGdbCommand(gdb.Command):
+
+    def __init__(self, command, actual_command):
+        super(FixGdbCommand, self).__init__(command, gdb.COMMAND_DATA,
+                                            gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+        self.actual_command = actual_command
+
+    def fix_gdb(self):
+        """
+        It seems that invoking either 'cy exec' and 'py-exec' work perfectly
+        fine, but after this gdb's python API is entirely broken.
+        Maybe some uncleared exception value is still set?
+        sys.exc_clear() didn't help. A demonstration:
+
+        (gdb) cy exec 'hello'
+        'hello'
+        (gdb) python gdb.execute('cont')
+        RuntimeError: Cannot convert value to int.
+        Error while executing Python code.
+        (gdb) python gdb.execute('cont')
+        [15148 refs]
+
+        Program exited normally.
+        """
+        warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', r'.*', RuntimeWarning,
+                                re.escape(__name__))
+        try:
+            int(gdb.parse_and_eval("(void *) 0")) == 0
+        except RuntimeError:
+            pass
+        # warnings.resetwarnings()
+
+    @dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
+        self.fix_gdb()
+        try:
+            gdb.execute('%s %s' % (self.actual_command, args))
+        except RuntimeError as e:
+            raise gdb.GdbError(str(e))
+        self.fix_gdb()
+
+
+def _evalcode_python(executor, code, input_type):
+    """
+    Execute Python code in the most recent stack frame.
+    """
+    global_dict = gdb.parse_and_eval('PyEval_GetGlobals()')
+    local_dict = gdb.parse_and_eval('PyEval_GetLocals()')
+
+    if (pointervalue(global_dict) == 0 or pointervalue(local_dict) == 0):
+        raise gdb.GdbError("Unable to find the locals or globals of the "
+                           "most recent Python function (relative to the "
+                           "selected frame).")
+
+    return executor.evalcode(code, input_type, global_dict, local_dict)
+
+
+class PyExec(gdb.Command):
+
+    def readcode(self, expr):
+        if expr:
+            return expr, PythonCodeExecutor.Py_single_input
+        else:
+            lines = []
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+                        line = raw_input()
+                    else:
+                        line = input('>')
+                except EOFError:
+                    break
+                else:
+                    if line.rstrip() == 'end':
+                        break
+
+                    lines.append(line)
+
+            return '\n'.join(lines), PythonCodeExecutor.Py_file_input
+
+    @dont_suppress_errors
+    def invoke(self, expr, from_tty):
+        expr, input_type = self.readcode(expr)
+        executor = PythonCodeExecutor()
+        executor.xdecref(_evalcode_python(executor, input_type, global_dict, local_dict))
+
+
+gdb.execute('set breakpoint pending on')
+
+if hasattr(gdb, 'GdbError'):
+     # Wrap py-step and py-next in gdb defines to make them repeatable.
+    py_step = PyStep('-py-step', PythonInfo())
+    py_next = PyNext('-py-next', PythonInfo())
+    register_defines()
+    py_finish = PyFinish('py-finish', PythonInfo())
+    py_run = PyRun('py-run', PythonInfo())
+    py_cont = PyCont('py-cont', PythonInfo())
+
+    py_exec = FixGdbCommand('py-exec', '-py-exec')
+    _py_exec = PyExec("-py-exec", gdb.COMMAND_DATA, gdb.COMPLETE_NONE)
+else:
+    warnings.warn("Use gdb 7.2 or higher to use the py-exec command.")

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Distutils/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+from Cython.Distutils.build_ext import build_ext
+from Cython.Distutils.extension import Extension

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Distutils/build_ext.py

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+import sys
+import os
+
+try:
+    from __builtin__ import basestring
+except ImportError:
+    basestring = str
+
+# Always inherit from the "build_ext" in distutils since setuptools already imports
+# it from Cython if available, and does the proper distutils fallback otherwise.
+# https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/blob/9f1822ee910df3df930a98ab99f66d18bb70659b/setuptools/command/build_ext.py#L16
+
+# setuptools imports Cython's "build_ext", so make sure we go first.
+_build_ext_module = sys.modules.get('setuptools.command.build_ext')
+if _build_ext_module is None:
+    try:
+        import distutils.command.build_ext as _build_ext_module
+    except ImportError:
+        # Python 3.12 no longer has distutils, but setuptools can replace it.
+        try:
+            import setuptools.command.build_ext as _build_ext_module
+        except ImportError:
+            raise ImportError("'distutils' cannot be imported. Please install setuptools.")
+
+
+# setuptools remembers the original distutils "build_ext" as "_du_build_ext"
+_build_ext = getattr(_build_ext_module, '_du_build_ext', None)
+if _build_ext is None:
+    _build_ext = getattr(_build_ext_module, 'build_ext', None)
+if _build_ext is None:
+    from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext as _build_ext
+
+
+class build_ext(_build_ext, object):
+
+    user_options = _build_ext.user_options + [
+        ('cython-cplus', None,
+             "generate C++ source files"),
+        ('cython-create-listing', None,
+             "write errors to a listing file"),
+        ('cython-line-directives', None,
+             "emit source line directives"),
+        ('cython-include-dirs=', None,
+             "path to the Cython include files" + _build_ext.sep_by),
+        ('cython-c-in-temp', None,
+             "put generated C files in temp directory"),
+        ('cython-gen-pxi', None,
+            "generate .pxi file for public declarations"),
+        ('cython-directives=', None,
+            "compiler directive overrides"),
+        ('cython-gdb', None,
+             "generate debug information for cygdb"),
+        ('cython-compile-time-env', None,
+            "cython compile time environment"),
+        ]
+
+    boolean_options = _build_ext.boolean_options + [
+        'cython-cplus', 'cython-create-listing', 'cython-line-directives',
+        'cython-c-in-temp', 'cython-gdb',
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        super(build_ext, self).initialize_options()
+        self.cython_cplus = 0
+        self.cython_create_listing = 0
+        self.cython_line_directives = 0
+        self.cython_include_dirs = None
+        self.cython_directives = None
+        self.cython_c_in_temp = 0
+        self.cython_gen_pxi = 0
+        self.cython_gdb = False
+        self.cython_compile_time_env = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        super(build_ext, self).finalize_options()
+        if self.cython_include_dirs is None:
+            self.cython_include_dirs = []
+        elif isinstance(self.cython_include_dirs, basestring):
+            self.cython_include_dirs = \
+                self.cython_include_dirs.split(os.pathsep)
+        if self.cython_directives is None:
+            self.cython_directives = {}
+
+    def get_extension_attr(self, extension, option_name, default=False):
+        return getattr(self, option_name) or getattr(extension, option_name, default)
+
+    def build_extension(self, ext):
+        from Cython.Build.Dependencies import cythonize
+
+        # Set up the include_path for the Cython compiler:
+        #    1.    Start with the command line option.
+        #    2.    Add in any (unique) paths from the extension
+        #        cython_include_dirs (if Cython.Distutils.extension is used).
+        #    3.    Add in any (unique) paths from the extension include_dirs
+        includes = list(self.cython_include_dirs)
+        for include_dir in getattr(ext, 'cython_include_dirs', []):
+            if include_dir not in includes:
+                includes.append(include_dir)
+
+        # In case extension.include_dirs is a generator, evaluate it and keep
+        # result
+        ext.include_dirs = list(ext.include_dirs)
+        for include_dir in ext.include_dirs + list(self.include_dirs):
+            if include_dir not in includes:
+                includes.append(include_dir)
+
+        # Set up Cython compiler directives:
+        #    1. Start with the command line option.
+        #    2. Add in any (unique) entries from the extension
+        #         cython_directives (if Cython.Distutils.extension is used).
+        directives = dict(self.cython_directives)
+        if hasattr(ext, "cython_directives"):
+            directives.update(ext.cython_directives)
+
+        if self.get_extension_attr(ext, 'cython_cplus'):
+            ext.language = 'c++'
+
+        options = {
+            'use_listing_file': self.get_extension_attr(ext, 'cython_create_listing'),
+            'emit_linenums': self.get_extension_attr(ext, 'cython_line_directives'),
+            'include_path': includes,
+            'compiler_directives': directives,
+            'build_dir': self.build_temp if self.get_extension_attr(ext, 'cython_c_in_temp') else None,
+            'generate_pxi': self.get_extension_attr(ext, 'cython_gen_pxi'),
+            'gdb_debug': self.get_extension_attr(ext, 'cython_gdb'),
+            'c_line_in_traceback': not getattr(ext, 'no_c_in_traceback', 0),
+            'compile_time_env': self.get_extension_attr(ext, 'cython_compile_time_env', default=None),
+        }
+
+        new_ext = cythonize(
+            ext,force=self.force, quiet=self.verbose == 0, **options
+        )[0]
+
+        ext.sources = new_ext.sources
+        super(build_ext, self).build_extension(ext)
+
+# backward compatibility
+new_build_ext = build_ext

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Distutils/old_build_ext.py

@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+"""Cython.Distutils.old_build_ext
+
+Implements a version of the Distutils 'build_ext' command, for
+building Cython extension modules.
+
+Note that this module is deprecated.  Use cythonize() instead.
+"""
+
+__revision__ = "$Id:$"
+
+import sys
+import os
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsPlatformError
+from distutils.dep_util import newer, newer_group
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.command import build_ext as _build_ext
+from distutils import sysconfig
+
+
+try:
+    from __builtin__ import basestring
+except ImportError:
+    basestring = str
+
+
+# FIXME: the below does not work as intended since importing 'Cython.Distutils' already
+#        imports this module through 'Cython/Distutils/build_ext.py', so the condition is
+#        always false and never prints the warning.
+"""
+import inspect
+import warnings
+
+def _check_stack(path):
+    try:
+        for frame in inspect.getouterframes(inspect.currentframe(), 0):
+            if path in frame[1].replace(os.sep, '/'):
+                return True
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    return False
+
+
+if (not _check_stack('setuptools/extensions.py')
+        and not _check_stack('pyximport/pyxbuild.py')
+        and not _check_stack('Cython/Distutils/build_ext.py')):
+    warnings.warn(
+        "Cython.Distutils.old_build_ext does not properly handle dependencies "
+        "and is deprecated.")
+"""
+
+extension_name_re = _build_ext.extension_name_re
+
+show_compilers = _build_ext.show_compilers
+
+class Optimization(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.flags = (
+            'OPT',
+            'CFLAGS',
+            'CPPFLAGS',
+            'EXTRA_CFLAGS',
+            'BASECFLAGS',
+            'PY_CFLAGS',
+        )
+        self.state = sysconfig.get_config_vars(*self.flags)
+        self.config_vars = sysconfig.get_config_vars()
+
+
+    def disable_optimization(self):
+        "disable optimization for the C or C++ compiler"
+        badoptions = ('-O1', '-O2', '-O3')
+
+        for flag, option in zip(self.flags, self.state):
+            if option is not None:
+                L = [opt for opt in option.split() if opt not in badoptions]
+                self.config_vars[flag] = ' '.join(L)
+
+    def restore_state(self):
+        "restore the original state"
+        for flag, option in zip(self.flags, self.state):
+            if option is not None:
+                self.config_vars[flag] = option
+
+
+optimization = Optimization()
+
+
+class old_build_ext(_build_ext.build_ext):
+
+    description = "build C/C++ and Cython extensions (compile/link to build directory)"
+
+    sep_by = _build_ext.build_ext.sep_by
+    user_options = _build_ext.build_ext.user_options[:]
+    boolean_options = _build_ext.build_ext.boolean_options[:]
+    help_options = _build_ext.build_ext.help_options[:]
+
+    # Add the pyrex specific data.
+    user_options.extend([
+        ('cython-cplus', None,
+         "generate C++ source files"),
+        ('cython-create-listing', None,
+         "write errors to a listing file"),
+        ('cython-line-directives', None,
+         "emit source line directives"),
+        ('cython-include-dirs=', None,
+         "path to the Cython include files" + sep_by),
+        ('cython-c-in-temp', None,
+         "put generated C files in temp directory"),
+        ('cython-gen-pxi', None,
+            "generate .pxi file for public declarations"),
+        ('cython-directives=', None,
+            "compiler directive overrides"),
+        ('cython-gdb', None,
+         "generate debug information for cygdb"),
+        ('cython-compile-time-env', None,
+            "cython compile time environment"),
+
+        # For backwards compatibility.
+        ('pyrex-cplus', None,
+         "generate C++ source files"),
+        ('pyrex-create-listing', None,
+         "write errors to a listing file"),
+        ('pyrex-line-directives', None,
+         "emit source line directives"),
+        ('pyrex-include-dirs=', None,
+         "path to the Cython include files" + sep_by),
+        ('pyrex-c-in-temp', None,
+         "put generated C files in temp directory"),
+        ('pyrex-gen-pxi', None,
+            "generate .pxi file for public declarations"),
+        ('pyrex-directives=', None,
+            "compiler directive overrides"),
+        ('pyrex-gdb', None,
+         "generate debug information for cygdb"),
+        ])
+
+    boolean_options.extend([
+        'cython-cplus', 'cython-create-listing', 'cython-line-directives',
+        'cython-c-in-temp', 'cython-gdb',
+
+        # For backwards compatibility.
+        'pyrex-cplus', 'pyrex-create-listing', 'pyrex-line-directives',
+        'pyrex-c-in-temp', 'pyrex-gdb',
+    ])
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        _build_ext.build_ext.initialize_options(self)
+        self.cython_cplus = 0
+        self.cython_create_listing = 0
+        self.cython_line_directives = 0
+        self.cython_include_dirs = None
+        self.cython_directives = None
+        self.cython_c_in_temp = 0
+        self.cython_gen_pxi = 0
+        self.cython_gdb = False
+        self.no_c_in_traceback = 0
+        self.cython_compile_time_env = None
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        if name[:6] == 'pyrex_':
+            return getattr(self, 'cython_' + name[6:])
+        else:
+            return _build_ext.build_ext.__getattr__(self, name)
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        if name[:6] == 'pyrex_':
+            return setattr(self, 'cython_' + name[6:], value)
+        else:
+            # _build_ext.build_ext.__setattr__(self, name, value)
+            self.__dict__[name] = value
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        _build_ext.build_ext.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.cython_include_dirs is None:
+            self.cython_include_dirs = []
+        elif isinstance(self.cython_include_dirs, basestring):
+            self.cython_include_dirs = \
+                self.cython_include_dirs.split(os.pathsep)
+        if self.cython_directives is None:
+            self.cython_directives = {}
+    # finalize_options ()
+
+    def run(self):
+        # We have one shot at this before build_ext initializes the compiler.
+        # If --pyrex-gdb is in effect as a command line option or as option
+        # of any Extension module, disable optimization for the C or C++
+        # compiler.
+        if self.cython_gdb or [1 for ext in self.extensions
+                                     if getattr(ext, 'cython_gdb', False)]:
+            optimization.disable_optimization()
+
+        _build_ext.build_ext.run(self)
+
+    def check_extensions_list(self, extensions):
+        # Note: might get called multiple times.
+        _build_ext.build_ext.check_extensions_list(self, extensions)
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            ext.sources = self.cython_sources(ext.sources, ext)
+
+    def cython_sources(self, sources, extension):
+        """
+        Walk the list of source files in 'sources', looking for Cython
+        source files (.pyx and .py).  Run Cython on all that are
+        found, and return a modified 'sources' list with Cython source
+        files replaced by the generated C (or C++) files.
+        """
+        new_sources = []
+        cython_sources = []
+        cython_targets = {}
+
+        # Setup create_list and cplus from the extension options if
+        # Cython.Distutils.extension.Extension is used, otherwise just
+        # use what was parsed from the command-line or the configuration file.
+        # cplus will also be set to true is extension.language is equal to
+        # 'C++' or 'c++'.
+        #try:
+        #    create_listing = self.cython_create_listing or \
+        #                        extension.cython_create_listing
+        #    cplus = self.cython_cplus or \
+        #                extension.cython_cplus or \
+        #                (extension.language != None and \
+        #                    extension.language.lower() == 'c++')
+        #except AttributeError:
+        #    create_listing = self.cython_create_listing
+        #    cplus = self.cython_cplus or \
+        #                (extension.language != None and \
+        #                    extension.language.lower() == 'c++')
+
+        create_listing = self.cython_create_listing or \
+            getattr(extension, 'cython_create_listing', 0)
+        line_directives = self.cython_line_directives or \
+            getattr(extension, 'cython_line_directives', 0)
+        no_c_in_traceback = self.no_c_in_traceback or \
+            getattr(extension, 'no_c_in_traceback', 0)
+        cplus = self.cython_cplus or getattr(extension, 'cython_cplus', 0) or \
+                (extension.language and extension.language.lower() == 'c++')
+        cython_gen_pxi = self.cython_gen_pxi or getattr(extension, 'cython_gen_pxi', 0)
+        cython_gdb = self.cython_gdb or getattr(extension, 'cython_gdb', False)
+        cython_compile_time_env = self.cython_compile_time_env or \
+            getattr(extension, 'cython_compile_time_env', None)
+
+        # Set up the include_path for the Cython compiler:
+        #    1.    Start with the command line option.
+        #    2.    Add in any (unique) paths from the extension
+        #        cython_include_dirs (if Cython.Distutils.extension is used).
+        #    3.    Add in any (unique) paths from the extension include_dirs
+        includes = list(self.cython_include_dirs)
+        try:
+            for i in extension.cython_include_dirs:
+                if i not in includes:
+                    includes.append(i)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+        # In case extension.include_dirs is a generator, evaluate it and keep
+        # result
+        extension.include_dirs = list(extension.include_dirs)
+        for i in extension.include_dirs:
+            if i not in includes:
+                includes.append(i)
+
+        # Set up Cython compiler directives:
+        #    1. Start with the command line option.
+        #    2. Add in any (unique) entries from the extension
+        #         cython_directives (if Cython.Distutils.extension is used).
+        directives = dict(self.cython_directives)
+        if hasattr(extension, "cython_directives"):
+            directives.update(extension.cython_directives)
+
+        # Set the target file extension for C/C++ mode.
+        if cplus:
+            target_ext = '.cpp'
+        else:
+            target_ext = '.c'
+
+        # Decide whether to drop the generated C files into the temp dir
+        # or the source tree.
+
+        if not self.inplace and (self.cython_c_in_temp
+                or getattr(extension, 'cython_c_in_temp', 0)):
+            target_dir = os.path.join(self.build_temp, "pyrex")
+            for package_name in extension.name.split('.')[:-1]:
+                target_dir = os.path.join(target_dir, package_name)
+        else:
+            target_dir = None
+
+        newest_dependency = None
+        for source in sources:
+            (base, ext) = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(source))
+            if ext == ".py":
+                # FIXME: we might want to special case this some more
+                ext = '.pyx'
+            if ext == ".pyx":              # Cython source file
+                output_dir = target_dir or os.path.dirname(source)
+                new_sources.append(os.path.join(output_dir, base + target_ext))
+                cython_sources.append(source)
+                cython_targets[source] = new_sources[-1]
+            elif ext == '.pxi' or ext == '.pxd':
+                if newest_dependency is None \
+                        or newer(source, newest_dependency):
+                    newest_dependency = source
+            else:
+                new_sources.append(source)
+
+        if not cython_sources:
+            return new_sources
+
+        try:
+            from Cython.Compiler.Main \
+                import CompilationOptions, \
+                       default_options as cython_default_options, \
+                       compile as cython_compile
+            from Cython.Compiler.Errors import PyrexError
+        except ImportError:
+            e = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            print("failed to import Cython: %s" % e)
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError("Cython does not appear to be installed")
+
+        module_name = extension.name
+
+        for source in cython_sources:
+            target = cython_targets[source]
+            depends = [source] + list(extension.depends or ())
+            if source[-4:].lower() == ".pyx" and os.path.isfile(source[:-3] + "pxd"):
+                depends += [source[:-3] + "pxd"]
+            rebuild = self.force or newer_group(depends, target, 'newer')
+            if not rebuild and newest_dependency is not None:
+                rebuild = newer(newest_dependency, target)
+            if rebuild:
+                log.info("cythoning %s to %s", source, target)
+                self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(target))
+                if self.inplace:
+                    output_dir = os.curdir
+                else:
+                    output_dir = self.build_lib
+                options = CompilationOptions(cython_default_options,
+                    use_listing_file = create_listing,
+                    include_path = includes,
+                    compiler_directives = directives,
+                    output_file = target,
+                    cplus = cplus,
+                    emit_linenums = line_directives,
+                    c_line_in_traceback = not no_c_in_traceback,
+                    generate_pxi = cython_gen_pxi,
+                    output_dir = output_dir,
+                    gdb_debug = cython_gdb,
+                    compile_time_env = cython_compile_time_env)
+                result = cython_compile(source, options=options,
+                                        full_module_name=module_name)
+            else:
+                log.info("skipping '%s' Cython extension (up-to-date)", target)
+
+        return new_sources
+
+    # cython_sources ()
+
+# class build_ext

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/bytearray.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from .object cimport PyObject
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    bint PyByteArray_Check(object o)
+    # Return true if the object o is a bytearray object or an instance of a subtype of the bytearray type.
+
+    bint PyByteArray_CheckExact(object o)
+    # Return true if the object o is a bytearray object, but not an instance of a subtype of the bytearray type.
+
+    bytearray PyByteArray_FromObject(object o)
+    # Return a new bytearray object from any object, o, that implements the buffer protocol.
+
+    bytearray PyByteArray_FromStringAndSize(char *string, Py_ssize_t len)
+    # Create a new bytearray object from string and its length, len. On failure, NULL is returned.
+
+    bytearray PyByteArray_Concat(object a, object b)
+    # Concat bytearrays a and b and return a new bytearray with the result.
+
+    Py_ssize_t PyByteArray_Size(object bytearray)
+    # Return the size of bytearray after checking for a NULL pointer.
+
+    char* PyByteArray_AsString(object bytearray)
+    # Return the contents of bytearray as a char array after checking for a NULL pointer.
+    # The returned array always has an extra null byte appended.
+
+    int PyByteArray_Resize(object bytearray, Py_ssize_t len)
+    # Resize the internal buffer of bytearray to len.
+
+    char* PyByteArray_AS_STRING(object bytearray)
+    # Macro version of PyByteArray_AsString().
+
+    Py_ssize_t PyByteArray_GET_SIZE(object bytearray)
+    # Macro version of PyByteArray_Size().

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/bytes.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+from .object cimport PyObject
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    ctypedef struct va_list
+
+    ############################################################################
+    # 7.3.1 String Objects
+    ############################################################################
+
+    # These functions raise TypeError when expecting a string
+    # parameter and are called with a non-string parameter.
+    # PyStringObject
+    # This subtype of PyObject represents a Python bytes object.
+    # PyTypeObject PyBytes_Type
+    # This instance of PyTypeObject represents the Python bytes type;
+    # it is the same object as bytes and types.BytesType in the Python
+    # layer.
+
+    bint PyBytes_Check(object o)
+    # Return true if the object o is a string object or an instance of
+    # a subtype of the string type.
+
+    bint PyBytes_CheckExact(object o)
+    # Return true if the object o is a string object, but not an instance of a subtype of the string type.
+
+    bytes PyBytes_FromString(char *v)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a new string object with the value v on success, and NULL
+    # on failure. The parameter v must not be NULL; it will not be
+    # checked.
+
+    bytes PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(char *v, Py_ssize_t len)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a new string object with the value v and length len on
+    # success, and NULL on failure. If v is NULL, the contents of the
+    # string are uninitialized.
+
+    bytes PyBytes_FromFormat(char *format, ...)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Take a C printf()-style format string and a variable number of
+    # arguments, calculate the size of the resulting Python string and
+    # return a string with the values formatted into it. The variable
+    # arguments must be C types and must correspond exactly to the
+    # format characters in the format string. The following format
+    # characters are allowed:
+    # Format Characters 	Type 	Comment
+    # %% 	n/a 	The literal % character.
+    # %c 	int 	A single character, represented as an C int.
+    # %d 	int 	Exactly equivalent to printf("%d").
+    # %u 	unsigned int 	Exactly equivalent to printf("%u").
+    # %ld 	long 	Exactly equivalent to printf("%ld").
+    # %lu 	unsigned long 	Exactly equivalent to printf("%lu").
+    # %zd 	Py_ssize_t 	Exactly equivalent to printf("%zd").
+    # %zu 	size_t 	Exactly equivalent to printf("%zu").
+    # %i 	int 	Exactly equivalent to printf("%i").
+    # %x 	int 	Exactly equivalent to printf("%x").
+    # %s 	char* 	A null-terminated C character array.
+
+    # %p 	void* 	The hex representation of a C pointer.
+    #    Mostly equivalent to printf("%p") except that it is guaranteed to
+    #    start with the literal 0x regardless of what the platform's printf
+    #    yields.
+    # An unrecognized format character causes all the rest of the
+    # format string to be copied as-is to the result string, and any
+    # extra arguments discarded.
+
+    bytes PyBytes_FromFormatV(char *format, va_list vargs)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Identical to PyBytes_FromFormat() except that it takes exactly two arguments.
+
+    bytes PyBytes_FromObject(object o)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return the bytes representation of object o that implements the buffer protocol.
+
+    Py_ssize_t PyBytes_Size(object string) except -1
+    # Return the length of the string in string object string.
+
+    Py_ssize_t PyBytes_GET_SIZE(object string)
+    # Macro form of PyBytes_Size() but without error checking.
+
+    char* PyBytes_AsString(object string) except NULL
+    # Return a NUL-terminated representation of the contents of
+    # string. The pointer refers to the internal buffer of string, not
+    # a copy. The data must not be modified in any way, unless the
+    # string was just created using PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(NULL,
+    # size). It must not be deallocated. If string is a Unicode
+    # object, this function computes the default encoding of string
+    # and operates on that. If string is not a string object at all,
+    # PyBytes_AsString() returns NULL and raises TypeError.
+
+    char* PyBytes_AS_STRING(object string)
+    # Macro form of PyBytes_AsString() but without error
+    # checking. Only string objects are supported; no Unicode objects
+    # should be passed.
+
+    int PyBytes_AsStringAndSize(object obj, char **buffer, Py_ssize_t *length) except -1
+    # Return a NULL-terminated representation of the contents of the
+    # object obj through the output variables buffer and length.
+    #
+    # The function accepts both string and Unicode objects as
+    # input. For Unicode objects it returns the default encoded
+    # version of the object. If length is NULL, the resulting buffer
+    # may not contain NUL characters; if it does, the function returns
+    # -1 and a TypeError is raised.
+
+    # The buffer refers to an internal string buffer of obj, not a
+    # copy. The data must not be modified in any way, unless the
+    # string was just created using PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(NULL,
+    # size). It must not be deallocated. If string is a Unicode
+    # object, this function computes the default encoding of string
+    # and operates on that. If string is not a string object at all,
+    # PyBytes_AsStringAndSize() returns -1 and raises TypeError.
+
+    void PyBytes_Concat(PyObject **string, object newpart)
+    # Create a new string object in *string containing the contents of
+    # newpart appended to string; the caller will own the new
+    # reference. The reference to the old value of string will be
+    # stolen. If the new string cannot be created, the old reference
+    # to string will still be discarded and the value of *string will
+    # be set to NULL; the appropriate exception will be set.
+
+    void PyBytes_ConcatAndDel(PyObject **string, object newpart)
+    # Create a new string object in *string containing the contents of
+    # newpart appended to string. This version decrements the
+    # reference count of newpart.
+
+    int _PyBytes_Resize(PyObject **string, Py_ssize_t newsize) except -1
+    # A way to resize a string object even though it is
+    # ``immutable''. Only use this to build up a brand new string
+    # object; don't use this if the string may already be known in
+    # other parts of the code. It is an error to call this function if
+    # the refcount on the input string object is not one. Pass the
+    # address of an existing string object as an lvalue (it may be
+    # written into), and the new size desired. On success, *string
+    # holds the resized string object and 0 is returned; the address
+    # in *string may differ from its input value. If the reallocation
+    # fails, the original string object at *string is deallocated,
+    # *string is set to NULL, a memory exception is set, and -1 is
+    # returned.
+
+    bytes PyBytes_Format(object format, object args)
+    # Return value: New reference.  Return a new string object from
+    # format and args. Analogous to format % args. The args argument
+    # must be a tuple.
+
+    void PyBytes_InternInPlace(PyObject **string)
+    # Intern the argument *string in place. The argument must be the
+    # address of a pointer variable pointing to a Python string
+    # object. If there is an existing interned string that is the same
+    # as *string, it sets *string to it (decrementing the reference
+    # count of the old string object and incrementing the reference
+    # count of the interned string object), otherwise it leaves
+    # *string alone and interns it (incrementing its reference
+    # count). (Clarification: even though there is a lot of talk about
+    # reference counts, think of this function as
+    # reference-count-neutral; you own the object after the call if
+    # and only if you owned it before the call.)
+
+    bytes PyBytes_InternFromString(char *v)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # A combination of PyBytes_FromString() and
+    # PyBytes_InternInPlace(), returning either a new string object
+    # that has been interned, or a new (``owned'') reference to an
+    # earlier interned string object with the same value.
+
+    object PyBytes_Decode(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *encoding, char *errors)
+    #  Return value: New reference.
+    # Create an object by decoding size bytes of the encoded buffer s
+    # using the codec registered for encoding. encoding and errors
+    # have the same meaning as the parameters of the same name in the
+    # unicode() built-in function. The codec to be used is looked up
+    # using the Python codec registry. Return NULL if an exception was
+    # raised by the codec.
+
+    object PyBytes_AsDecodedObject(object str, char *encoding, char *errors)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Decode a string object by passing it to the codec registered for
+    # encoding and return the result as Python object. encoding and
+    # errors have the same meaning as the parameters of the same name
+    # in the string encode() method. The codec to be used is looked up
+    # using the Python codec registry. Return NULL if an exception was
+    # raised by the codec.
+
+    object PyBytes_Encode(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *encoding, char *errors)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Encode the char buffer of the given size by passing it to the
+    # codec registered for encoding and return a Python
+    # object. encoding and errors have the same meaning as the
+    # parameters of the same name in the string encode() method. The
+    # codec to be used is looked up using the Python codec
+    # registry. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.
+
+    object PyBytes_AsEncodedObject(object str, char *encoding, char *errors)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Encode a string object using the codec registered for encoding
+    # and return the result as Python object. encoding and errors have
+    # the same meaning as the parameters of the same name in the
+    # string encode() method. The codec to be used is looked up using
+    # the Python codec registry. Return NULL if an exception was
+    # raised by the codec.

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/contextvars.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+from cpython.object cimport PyObject
+from cpython.ref cimport Py_XDECREF
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    # Defining PyContextVar_Get() below to always return the default value for Py<3.7 and PyPy<7.3.6
+    # to make the inline functions sort-of work.
+    """
+    #if (PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030700b1 || (CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PYPY_VERSION_NUM < 0x07030600)) && !defined(PyContextVar_Get)
+    #define PyContextVar_Get(var, d, v) \
+        ((d) ? \
+            ((void)(var), Py_INCREF(d), (v)[0] = (d), 0) : \
+            ((v)[0] = NULL, 0) \
+        )
+    #endif
+    """
+
+    ############################################################################
+    # Context Variables Objects
+    ############################################################################
+
+    # PyContext
+    # The C structure used to represent a `contextvars.Context` object.
+
+    # PyContextVar
+    # The C structure used to represent a `contextvars.ContextVar` object.
+
+    # PyContextToken
+    # The C structure used to represent a `contextvars.Token` object.
+
+    # PyTypeObject PyContext_Type
+    # Type object representing the `contextvars.Context` type.
+
+    # PyTypeObject PyContextVar_Type
+    # Type object representing the `contextvars.ContextVar` type.
+
+    # PyTypeObject PyContextToken_Type
+    # Type object representing the `contextvars.Token` type.
+
+    bint PyContext_CheckExact(object obj)
+    # Return `true` if `obj` is of type `PyContext_Type`.
+    # `obj` must not be NULL. This function always succeeds.
+
+    bint PyContextVar_CheckExact(object obj)
+    # Return `true` if `obj` is of type `PyContextVar_Type`.
+    # `obj` must not be NULL. This function always succeeds.
+
+    bint PyContextToken_CheckExact(object obj)
+    # Return `true` if `obj` is of type `PyContextToken_Type`.
+    # `obj` must not be NULL. This function always succeeds.
+
+    object PyContext_New()
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Create a new empty context object.
+    # Returns NULL if an error has occurred.
+
+    object PyContext_Copy(object ctx)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Create a shallow copy of the passed `ctx` context object.
+    # Returns NULL if an error has occurred.
+
+    object PyContext_CopyCurrent()
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Create a shallow copy of the current thread context.
+    # Returns NULL if an error has occurred.
+
+    int PyContext_Enter(object ctx) except -1
+    # Set `ctx` as the current context for the current thread.
+    # Returns 0 on success, and -1 on error.
+
+    int PyContext_Exit(object ctx) except -1
+    # Deactivate the `ctx` context and restore the previous context
+    # as the current context for the current thread.
+    # Returns 0 on success, and -1 on error.
+
+    object PyContextVar_New(const char* name, PyObject* default_value)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Create a new ContextVar object. The `name` parameter is used
+    # for introspection and debug purposes. The `default_value` parameter
+    # may optionally specify the default value for the context variable.
+    # If an error has occurred, this function returns NULL.
+
+    object PyContextVar_New_with_default "PyContextVar_New" (const char* name, object default_value)
+    # A different declaration of PyContextVar_New that requires a default value
+    # to be passed on call.
+
+    int PyContextVar_Get(object var, PyObject* default_value, PyObject** value) except -1
+    # Get the value of a context variable.
+    # Returns -1 if an error has occurred during lookup, and 0 if no error
+    # occurred, whether or not a value was found.
+    #
+    # If the context variable was found, `value` will be a pointer to it.
+    # If the context variable was not found, `value` will point to:
+    #
+    #   • `default_value`, if not NULL;
+    #   • the default value of `var`, if not NULL;
+    #   • NULL
+    int PyContextVar_Get_with_default "PyContextVar_Get" (object var, object default_value, PyObject** value) except -1
+    # A different declaration of PyContextVar_Get that requires a default value
+    # to be passed on call.
+
+    object PyContextVar_Set(object var, object value)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Set the value of `var` to `value` in the current context.
+    # Returns a token object for this value change, or NULL if an error has occurred.
+
+    int PyContextVar_Reset(object var, object token) except -1
+    # Reset the state of the `var` context variable to that it was in
+    # before `PyContextVar_Set()` that returned `token` was called.
+    # This function returns 0 on success and -1 on error.
+
+
+cdef inline object get_value(var, default_value=None):
+    """Return a new reference to the value of the context variable,
+    or the default value of the context variable,
+    or None if no such value or default was found.
+    """
+    cdef PyObject *value = NULL
+    PyContextVar_Get(var, NULL, &value)
+    if value is NULL:
+        # context variable does not have a default
+        pyvalue = default_value
+    else:
+        # value or default value of context variable
+        pyvalue = <object>value
+        Py_XDECREF(value)  # PyContextVar_Get() returned an owned reference as 'PyObject*'
+    return pyvalue
+
+
+cdef inline object get_value_no_default(var, default_value=None):
+    """Return a new reference to the value of the context variable,
+    or the provided default value if no such value was found.
+
+    Ignores the default value of the context variable, if any.
+    """
+    cdef PyObject *value = NULL
+    PyContextVar_Get(var, <PyObject*>default_value, &value)
+    # value of context variable or 'default_value'
+    pyvalue = <object>value
+    Py_XDECREF(value)  # PyContextVar_Get() returned an owned reference as 'PyObject*'
+    return pyvalue

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/datetime.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,426 @@
+from cpython.object cimport PyObject
+from cpython.version cimport PY_VERSION_HEX
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    ctypedef struct PyTypeObject:
+        pass
+
+cdef extern from "datetime.h":
+    """
+    /* Backport for Python 2.x */
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        #ifndef PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS
+            #define PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS(o) (((PyDateTime_Delta*)o)->days)
+        #endif
+        #ifndef PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS
+            #define PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS(o) (((PyDateTime_Delta*)o)->seconds)
+        #endif
+        #ifndef PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS
+            #define PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS(o) (((PyDateTime_Delta*)o)->microseconds)
+        #endif
+    #endif
+
+    /* Backport for Python < 3.6 */
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030600a4
+        #ifndef PyDateTime_TIME_GET_FOLD
+            #define PyDateTime_TIME_GET_FOLD(o) ((void)(o), 0)
+        #endif
+        #ifndef PyDateTime_DATE_GET_FOLD
+            #define PyDateTime_DATE_GET_FOLD(o) ((void)(o), 0)
+        #endif
+    #endif
+
+    /* Backport for Python < 3.6 */
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030600a4
+        #define __Pyx_DateTime_DateTimeWithFold(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond, tz, fold) \
+            ((void)(fold), PyDateTimeAPI->DateTime_FromDateAndTime(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, \
+                microsecond, tz, PyDateTimeAPI->DateTimeType))
+        #define __Pyx_DateTime_TimeWithFold(hour, minute, second, microsecond, tz, fold) \
+            ((void)(fold), PyDateTimeAPI->Time_FromTime(hour, minute, second, microsecond, tz, PyDateTimeAPI->TimeType))
+    #else /* For Python 3.6+ so that we can pass tz */
+        #define __Pyx_DateTime_DateTimeWithFold(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond, tz, fold) \
+            PyDateTimeAPI->DateTime_FromDateAndTimeAndFold(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, \
+                microsecond, tz, fold, PyDateTimeAPI->DateTimeType)
+        #define __Pyx_DateTime_TimeWithFold(hour, minute, second, microsecond, tz, fold) \
+            PyDateTimeAPI->Time_FromTimeAndFold(hour, minute, second, microsecond, tz, fold, PyDateTimeAPI->TimeType)
+    #endif
+
+    /* Backport for Python < 3.7 */
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030700b1
+        #define __Pyx_TimeZone_UTC NULL
+        #define __Pyx_TimeZone_FromOffsetAndName(offset, name) ((void)(offset), (void)(name), (PyObject*)NULL)
+    #else
+        #define __Pyx_TimeZone_UTC PyDateTime_TimeZone_UTC
+        #define __Pyx_TimeZone_FromOffsetAndName(offset, name) PyTimeZone_FromOffsetAndName(offset, name)
+    #endif
+
+    /* Backport for Python < 3.10 */
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030a00a1
+        #ifndef PyDateTime_TIME_GET_TZINFO
+            #define PyDateTime_TIME_GET_TZINFO(o) \
+                ((((PyDateTime_Time*)o)->hastzinfo) ? ((PyDateTime_Time*)o)->tzinfo : Py_None)
+        #endif
+        #ifndef PyDateTime_DATE_GET_TZINFO
+            #define PyDateTime_DATE_GET_TZINFO(o) \
+                ((((PyDateTime_DateTime*)o)->hastzinfo) ? ((PyDateTime_DateTime*)o)->tzinfo : Py_None)
+        #endif
+    #endif
+    """
+
+    ctypedef extern class datetime.date[object PyDateTime_Date]:
+        @property
+        cdef inline int year(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_GET_YEAR(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int month(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_GET_MONTH(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int day(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_GET_DAY(self)
+
+    ctypedef extern class datetime.time[object PyDateTime_Time]:
+        @property
+        cdef inline int hour(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_HOUR(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int minute(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MINUTE(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int second(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_SECOND(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int microsecond(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MICROSECOND(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline object tzinfo(self):
+            return <object>PyDateTime_TIME_GET_TZINFO(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int fold(self) noexcept:
+            # For Python < 3.6 this returns 0 no matter what
+            return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_FOLD(self)
+
+    ctypedef extern class datetime.datetime[object PyDateTime_DateTime]:
+        @property
+        cdef inline int year(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_GET_YEAR(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int month(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_GET_MONTH(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int day(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_GET_DAY(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int hour(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_HOUR(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int minute(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MINUTE(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int second(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_SECOND(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int microsecond(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MICROSECOND(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline object tzinfo(self):
+            return <object>PyDateTime_DATE_GET_TZINFO(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int fold(self) noexcept:
+            # For Python < 3.6 this returns 0 no matter what
+            return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_FOLD(self)
+
+    ctypedef extern class datetime.timedelta[object PyDateTime_Delta]:
+        @property
+        cdef inline int day(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int second(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int microsecond(self) noexcept:
+            return PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS(self)
+
+    ctypedef extern class datetime.tzinfo[object PyDateTime_TZInfo]:
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef struct PyDateTime_Date:
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef struct PyDateTime_Time:
+        unsigned char fold
+        char hastzinfo
+        PyObject *tzinfo
+
+    ctypedef struct PyDateTime_DateTime:
+        unsigned char fold
+        char hastzinfo
+        PyObject *tzinfo
+
+    ctypedef struct PyDateTime_Delta:
+        int days
+        int seconds
+        int microseconds
+
+    # Define structure for C API.
+    ctypedef struct PyDateTime_CAPI:
+        # type objects
+        PyTypeObject *DateType
+        PyTypeObject *DateTimeType
+        PyTypeObject *TimeType
+        PyTypeObject *DeltaType
+        PyTypeObject *TZInfoType
+
+        # constructors
+        date (*Date_FromDate)(int, int, int, PyTypeObject*)
+        datetime (*DateTime_FromDateAndTime)(int, int, int, int, int, int, int, object, PyTypeObject*)
+        time (*Time_FromTime)(int, int, int, int, object, PyTypeObject*)
+        timedelta (*Delta_FromDelta)(int, int, int, int, PyTypeObject*)
+
+        # constructors for the DB API
+        datetime (*DateTime_FromTimestamp)(PyObject*, object, PyObject*)
+        date (*Date_FromTimestamp)(PyObject*, object)
+
+        # We cannot use the following because they do not compile in older Python versions.
+        # Instead, we use datetime.h's macros here that we can backport in C.
+
+        # Python 3.7+ constructors
+        object (*TimeZone_FromTimeZone)(object offset, PyObject *name)
+
+        # Python 3.7+ singletons
+        PyObject *TimeZone_UTC
+
+        # Python 3.6+ PEP 495 constructors
+        datetime (*DateTime_FromDateAndTimeAndFold)(int, int, int, int, int, int, int, object, int, PyTypeObject*)
+        time (*Time_FromTimeAndFold)(int, int, int ,int, object, int, PyTypeObject*)
+
+    # Check type of the object.
+    bint PyDate_Check(object op)
+    bint PyDate_CheckExact(object op)
+
+    bint PyDateTime_Check(object op)
+    bint PyDateTime_CheckExact(object op)
+
+    bint PyTime_Check(object op)
+    bint PyTime_CheckExact(object op)
+
+    bint PyDelta_Check(object op)
+    bint PyDelta_CheckExact(object op)
+
+    bint PyTZInfo_Check(object op)
+    bint PyTZInfo_CheckExact(object op)
+
+    # Getters for date and datetime (C macros).
+    int PyDateTime_GET_YEAR(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_GET_MONTH(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_GET_DAY(object o)
+
+    # Getters for datetime (C macros).
+    int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_HOUR(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MINUTE(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_SECOND(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MICROSECOND(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_FOLD(object o)
+    PyObject* PyDateTime_DATE_GET_TZINFO(object o)  # returns a borrowed reference
+
+    # Getters for time (C macros).
+    int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_HOUR(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MINUTE(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_SECOND(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MICROSECOND(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_FOLD(object o)
+    PyObject* PyDateTime_TIME_GET_TZINFO(object o)  # returns a borrowed reference
+
+    # Getters for timedelta (C macros).
+    int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS(object o)
+    int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS(object o)
+
+    # Constructors
+    object PyTimeZone_FromOffset(object offset)
+    object PyTimeZone_FromOffsetAndName(object offset, object name)
+
+    # The above macros is Python 3.7+ so we use these instead
+    object __Pyx_TimeZone_FromOffsetAndName(object offset, PyObject* name)
+
+    # Constructors for the DB API
+    datetime PyDateTime_FromTimeStamp(object args)
+    date PyDate_FromTimeStamp(object args)
+
+    # PEP 495 constructors but patched above to allow passing tz
+    datetime __Pyx_DateTime_DateTimeWithFold(int, int, int, int, int, int, int, object, int)
+    datetime __Pyx_DateTime_TimeWithFold(int, int, int ,int, object, int)
+
+    # PyDateTime CAPI object.
+    PyDateTime_CAPI *PyDateTimeAPI
+
+    PyObject* PyDateTime_TimeZone_UTC
+
+    # PyDateTime_TimeZone_UTC is Python 3.7+ so instead we use the following macro
+    PyObject* __Pyx_TimeZone_UTC
+
+    void PyDateTime_IMPORT()
+
+# Datetime C API initialization function.
+# You have to call it before any usage of DateTime CAPI functions.
+cdef inline void import_datetime() noexcept:
+    PyDateTime_IMPORT
+
+# Create date object using DateTime CAPI factory function.
+# Note, there are no range checks for any of the arguments.
+cdef inline date date_new(int year, int month, int day):
+    return PyDateTimeAPI.Date_FromDate(year, month, day, PyDateTimeAPI.DateType)
+
+# Create time object using DateTime CAPI factory function
+# Note, there are no range checks for any of the arguments.
+cdef inline time time_new(int hour, int minute, int second, int microsecond, object tz, int fold=0):
+    return __Pyx_DateTime_TimeWithFold(hour, minute, second, microsecond, tz, fold)
+
+# Create datetime object using DateTime CAPI factory function.
+# Note, there are no range checks for any of the arguments.
+cdef inline datetime datetime_new(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int microsecond, object tz, int fold=0):
+    return __Pyx_DateTime_DateTimeWithFold(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond, tz, fold)
+
+# Create timedelta object using DateTime CAPI factory function.
+# Note, there are no range checks for any of the arguments.
+cdef inline timedelta timedelta_new(int days, int seconds, int useconds):
+    return PyDateTimeAPI.Delta_FromDelta(days, seconds, useconds, 1, PyDateTimeAPI.DeltaType)
+
+# Create timedelta object using DateTime CAPI factory function.
+cdef inline object timezone_new(object offset, object name=None):
+    if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030700b1:
+        raise RuntimeError('Time zones are not available from the C-API.')
+    return __Pyx_TimeZone_FromOffsetAndName(offset, <PyObject*>name if name is not None else NULL)
+
+# Create datetime object using DB API constructor.
+cdef inline datetime datetime_from_timestamp(timestamp, tz=None):
+    return PyDateTimeAPI.DateTime_FromTimestamp(
+        <PyObject*>PyDateTimeAPI.DateTimeType, (timestamp, tz) if tz is not None else (timestamp,), NULL)
+
+# Create date object using DB API constructor.
+cdef inline date date_from_timestamp(timestamp):
+    return PyDateTimeAPI.Date_FromTimestamp(<PyObject*>PyDateTimeAPI.DateType, (timestamp,))
+
+# More recognizable getters for date/time/datetime/timedelta.
+# There are no setters because datetime.h hasn't them.
+# This is because of immutable nature of these objects by design.
+# If you would change time/date/datetime/timedelta object you need to recreate.
+
+# Get UTC singleton
+cdef inline object get_utc():
+    if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030700b1:
+        raise RuntimeError('Time zones are not available from the C-API.')
+    return <object>__Pyx_TimeZone_UTC
+
+# Get tzinfo of time
+cdef inline object time_tzinfo(object o):
+    return <object>PyDateTime_TIME_GET_TZINFO(o)
+
+# Get tzinfo of datetime
+cdef inline object datetime_tzinfo(object o):
+    return <object>PyDateTime_DATE_GET_TZINFO(o)
+
+# Get year of date
+cdef inline int date_year(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_GET_YEAR(o)
+
+# Get month of date
+cdef inline int date_month(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_GET_MONTH(o)
+
+# Get day of date
+cdef inline int date_day(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_GET_DAY(o)
+
+# Get year of datetime
+cdef inline int datetime_year(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_GET_YEAR(o)
+
+# Get month of datetime
+cdef inline int datetime_month(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_GET_MONTH(o)
+
+# Get day of datetime
+cdef inline int datetime_day(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_GET_DAY(o)
+
+# Get hour of time
+cdef inline int time_hour(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_HOUR(o)
+
+# Get minute of time
+cdef inline int time_minute(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MINUTE(o)
+
+# Get second of time
+cdef inline int time_second(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_SECOND(o)
+
+# Get microsecond of time
+cdef inline int time_microsecond(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MICROSECOND(o)
+
+# Get fold of time
+cdef inline int time_fold(object o) noexcept:
+    # For Python < 3.6 this returns 0 no matter what
+    return PyDateTime_TIME_GET_FOLD(o)
+
+# Get hour of datetime
+cdef inline int datetime_hour(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_HOUR(o)
+
+# Get minute of datetime
+cdef inline int datetime_minute(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MINUTE(o)
+
+# Get second of datetime
+cdef inline int datetime_second(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_SECOND(o)
+
+# Get microsecond of datetime
+cdef inline int datetime_microsecond(object o) noexcept:
+    return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MICROSECOND(o)
+
+# Get fold of datetime
+cdef inline int datetime_fold(object o) noexcept:
+    # For Python < 3.6 this returns 0 no matter what
+    return PyDateTime_DATE_GET_FOLD(o)
+
+# Get days of timedelta
+cdef inline int timedelta_days(object o) noexcept:
+    return (<PyDateTime_Delta*>o).days
+
+# Get seconds of timedelta
+cdef inline int timedelta_seconds(object o) noexcept:
+    return (<PyDateTime_Delta*>o).seconds
+
+# Get microseconds of timedelta
+cdef inline int timedelta_microseconds(object o) noexcept:
+    return (<PyDateTime_Delta*>o).microseconds
+
+cdef inline double total_seconds(timedelta obj) noexcept:
+    # Mirrors the "timedelta.total_seconds()" method.
+    # Note that this implementation is not guaranteed to give *exactly* the same
+    # result as the original method, due to potential differences in floating point rounding.
+    cdef:
+        double days, seconds, micros
+    days = <double>PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS(obj)
+    seconds = <double>PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS(obj)
+    micros = <double>PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS(obj)
+    return days * 24 * 3600 + seconds + micros / 1_000_000

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/dict.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+from .object cimport PyObject
+from .pyport cimport uint64_t
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    # On Python 2, PyDict_GetItemWithError is called _PyDict_GetItemWithError
+    """
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION <= 2
+    #define PyDict_GetItemWithError _PyDict_GetItemWithError
+    #endif
+    """
+
+    ############################################################################
+    # 7.4.1 Dictionary Objects
+    ############################################################################
+
+    # PyDictObject
+    #
+    # This subtype of PyObject represents a Python dictionary object
+    # (i.e. the 'dict' type).
+
+    # PyTypeObject PyDict_Type
+    #
+    # This instance of PyTypeObject represents the Python dictionary
+    # type. This is exposed to Python programs as dict and
+    # types.DictType.
+
+    bint PyDict_Check(object p)
+    # Return true if p is a dict object or an instance of a subtype of
+    # the dict type.
+
+    bint PyDict_CheckExact(object p)
+    # Return true if p is a dict object, but not an instance of a
+    # subtype of the dict type.
+
+    dict PyDict_New()
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a new empty dictionary, or NULL on failure.
+
+    object PyDictProxy_New(object dict)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a proxy object for a mapping which enforces read-only
+    # behavior. This is normally used to create a proxy to prevent
+    # modification of the dictionary for non-dynamic class types.
+
+    void PyDict_Clear(object p)
+    # Empty an existing dictionary of all key-value pairs.
+
+    int PyDict_Contains(object p, object key) except -1
+    # Determine if dictionary p contains key. If an item in p is
+    # matches key, return 1, otherwise return 0. On error, return
+    # -1. This is equivalent to the Python expression "key in p".
+
+    dict PyDict_Copy(object p)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a new dictionary that contains the same key-value pairs as p.
+
+    int PyDict_SetItem(object p, object key, object val) except -1
+    # Insert value into the dictionary p with a key of key. key must
+    # be hashable; if it isn't, TypeError will be raised. Return 0 on
+    # success or -1 on failure.
+
+    int PyDict_SetItemString(object p, const char *key, object val) except -1
+    # Insert value into the dictionary p using key as a key. key
+    # should be a char*. The key object is created using
+    # PyString_FromString(key). Return 0 on success or -1 on failure.
+
+    int PyDict_DelItem(object p, object key) except -1
+    # Remove the entry in dictionary p with key key. key must be
+    # hashable; if it isn't, TypeError is raised. Return 0 on success
+    # or -1 on failure.
+
+    int PyDict_DelItemString(object p, const char *key) except -1
+    # Remove the entry in dictionary p which has a key specified by
+    # the string key. Return 0 on success or -1 on failure.
+
+    PyObject* PyDict_GetItem(object p, object key)
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Return the object from dictionary p which has a key key. Return
+    # NULL if the key key is not present, but without setting an
+    # exception.
+
+    PyObject* PyDict_GetItemWithError(object p, object key) except? NULL
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Variant of PyDict_GetItem() that does not suppress exceptions. Return
+    # NULL with an exception set if an exception occurred. Return NULL
+    # without an exception set if the key wasn’t present.
+
+    PyObject* PyDict_GetItemString(object p, const char *key)
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # This is the same as PyDict_GetItem(), but key is specified as a
+    # char*, rather than a PyObject*.
+
+    PyObject* PyDict_SetDefault(object p, object key, object default) except NULL
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # This is the same as the Python-level dict.setdefault(). If present, it
+    # returns the value corresponding to key from the dictionary p. If the key
+    # is not in the dict, it is inserted with value defaultobj and defaultobj
+    # is returned. This function evaluates the hash function of key only once,
+    # instead of evaluating it independently for the lookup and the insertion.
+
+    list PyDict_Items(object p)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a PyListObject containing all the items from the
+    # dictionary, as in the dictionary method items() (see the Python
+    # Library Reference).
+
+    list PyDict_Keys(object p)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a PyListObject containing all the keys from the
+    # dictionary, as in the dictionary method keys() (see the Python
+    # Library Reference).
+
+    list PyDict_Values(object p)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a PyListObject containing all the values from the
+    # dictionary p, as in the dictionary method values() (see the
+    # Python Library Reference).
+
+    Py_ssize_t PyDict_Size(object p) except -1
+    # Return the number of items in the dictionary. This is equivalent
+    # to "len(p)" on a dictionary.
+
+    int PyDict_Next(object p, Py_ssize_t *ppos, PyObject* *pkey, PyObject* *pvalue)
+    # Iterate over all key-value pairs in the dictionary p. The int
+    # referred to by ppos must be initialized to 0 prior to the first
+    # call to this function to start the iteration; the function
+    # returns true for each pair in the dictionary, and false once all
+    # pairs have been reported. The parameters pkey and pvalue should
+    # either point to PyObject* variables that will be filled in with
+    # each key and value, respectively, or may be NULL. Any references
+    # returned through them are borrowed. ppos should not be altered
+    # during iteration. Its value represents offsets within the
+    # internal dictionary structure, and since the structure is
+    # sparse, the offsets are not consecutive.
+    # For example:
+    #
+    #object key, *value;
+    #int pos = 0;
+    #
+    #while (PyDict_Next(self->dict, &pos, &key, &value)) {
+    #   /* do something interesting with the values... */
+    #    ...
+    #}
+    # The dictionary p should not be mutated during iteration. It is
+    # safe (since Python 2.1) to modify the values of the keys as you
+    # iterate over the dictionary, but only so long as the set of keys
+    # does not change. For example:
+    # object key, *value;
+    # int pos = 0;
+    # while (PyDict_Next(self->dict, &pos, &key, &value)) {
+    #    int i = PyInt_AS_LONG(value) + 1;
+    #    object o = PyInt_FromLong(i);
+    #    if (o == NULL)
+    #        return -1;
+    #    if (PyDict_SetItem(self->dict, key, o) < 0) {
+    #        Py_DECREF(o);
+    #        return -1;
+    #    }
+    #    Py_DECREF(o);
+    # }
+
+    int PyDict_Merge(object a, object b, int override) except -1
+    # Iterate over mapping object b adding key-value pairs to
+    # dictionary a. b may be a dictionary, or any object supporting
+    # PyMapping_Keys() and PyObject_GetItem(). If override is true,
+    # existing pairs in a will be replaced if a matching key is found
+    # in b, otherwise pairs will only be added if there is not a
+    # matching key in a. Return 0 on success or -1 if an exception was
+    # raised.
+
+    int PyDict_Update(object a, object b) except -1
+    # This is the same as PyDict_Merge(a, b, 1) in C, or a.update(b)
+    # in Python. Return 0 on success or -1 if an exception was raised.
+
+    int PyDict_MergeFromSeq2(object a, object seq2, int override) except -1
+    # Update or merge into dictionary a, from the key-value pairs in
+    # seq2. seq2 must be an iterable object producing iterable objects
+    # of length 2, viewed as key-value pairs. In case of duplicate
+    # keys, the last wins if override is true, else the first
+    # wins. Return 0 on success or -1 if an exception was
+    # raised. Equivalent Python (except for the return value):
+    #
+    #def PyDict_MergeFromSeq2(a, seq2, override):
+    #    for key, value in seq2:
+    #        if override or key not in a:
+    #            a[key] = value

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/genobject.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from .pystate cimport PyFrameObject
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+
+    ###########################################################################
+    # Generator Objects
+    ###########################################################################
+
+    bint PyGen_Check(object ob)
+    # Return true if ob is a generator object; ob must not be NULL.
+
+    bint PyGen_CheckExact(object ob)
+    # Return true if ob's type is PyGen_Type; ob must not be NULL.
+
+    object PyGen_New(PyFrameObject *frame)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Create and return a new generator object based on the frame object. A
+    # reference to frame is stolen by this function. The argument must not be
+    # NULL.
+
+    object PyGen_NewWithQualName(PyFrameObject *frame, object name, object qualname)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Create and return a new generator object based on the frame object, with
+    # __name__ and __qualname__ set to name and qualname. A reference to frame
+    # is stolen by this function. The frame argument must not be NULL.

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/iterator.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+
+    ############################################################################
+    # 6.5 Iterator Protocol
+    ############################################################################
+    bint PyIter_Check(object o)
+    # Return true if the object o supports the iterator protocol.
+
+    object PyIter_Next(object o)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return the next value from the iteration o. If the object is an
+    # iterator, this retrieves the next value from the iteration, and
+    # returns NULL with no exception set if there are no remaining
+    # items. If the object is not an iterator, TypeError is raised, or
+    # if there is an error in retrieving the item, returns NULL and
+    # passes along the exception.
+
+    # To write a loop which iterates over an iterator, the C code should look something like this:
+    # PyObject *iterator = PyObject_GetIter(obj);
+    # PyObject *item;
+    # if (iterator == NULL) {
+    # /* propagate error */
+    # }
+    # while (item = PyIter_Next(iterator)) {
+    # /* do something with item */
+    # ...
+    # /* release reference when done */
+    # Py_DECREF(item);
+    # }
+    # Py_DECREF(iterator);
+    # if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
+    # /* propagate error */
+    # }
+    # else {
+    # /* continue doing useful work */
+    # }

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/method.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+from .object cimport PyObject
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    ############################################################################
+    # 7.5.4 Method Objects
+    ############################################################################
+
+    # There are some useful functions that are useful for working with method objects.
+    # PyTypeObject PyMethod_Type
+    # This instance of PyTypeObject represents the Python method type. This is exposed to Python programs as types.MethodType.
+
+    bint PyMethod_Check(object o)
+    # Return true if o is a method object (has type
+    # PyMethod_Type). The parameter must not be NULL.
+
+    object PyMethod_New(object func, object self, object cls)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a new method object, with func being any callable object;
+    # this is the function that will be called when the method is
+    # called. If this method should be bound to an instance, self
+    # should be the instance and class should be the class of self,
+    # otherwise self should be NULL and class should be the class
+    # which provides the unbound method..
+
+    PyObject* PyMethod_Class(object meth) except NULL
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Return the class object from which the method meth was created;
+    # if this was created from an instance, it will be the class of
+    # the instance.
+
+    PyObject* PyMethod_GET_CLASS(object meth)
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Macro version of PyMethod_Class() which avoids error checking.
+
+    PyObject* PyMethod_Function(object meth) except NULL
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Return the function object associated with the method meth.
+
+    PyObject* PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION(object meth)
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Macro version of PyMethod_Function() which avoids error checking.
+
+    PyObject* PyMethod_Self(object meth) except? NULL
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Return the instance associated with the method meth if it is bound, otherwise return NULL.
+
+    PyObject* PyMethod_GET_SELF(object meth)
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Macro version of PyMethod_Self() which avoids error checking.

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/pylifecycle.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Interfaces to configure, query, create & destroy the Python runtime
+
+from libc.stdio cimport FILE
+from .pystate cimport PyThreadState
+
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    ctypedef int wchar_t
+
+    void Py_SetProgramName(wchar_t *)
+    wchar_t *Py_GetProgramName()
+
+    void Py_SetPythonHome(wchar_t *)
+    wchar_t *Py_GetPythonHome()
+
+    # Only used by applications that embed the interpreter and need to
+    # override the standard encoding determination mechanism
+    int Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding(const char *encoding, const char *errors)
+
+    void Py_Initialize()
+    void Py_InitializeEx(int)
+    void _Py_InitializeEx_Private(int, int)
+    void Py_Finalize()
+    int Py_FinalizeEx()
+    int Py_IsInitialized()
+    PyThreadState *Py_NewInterpreter()
+    void Py_EndInterpreter(PyThreadState *)
+
+
+    # _Py_PyAtExit is for the atexit module, Py_AtExit is for low-level
+    # exit functions.
+    void _Py_PyAtExit(void (*func)(object), object)
+    int Py_AtExit(void (*func)())
+
+    void Py_Exit(int)
+
+    # Restore signals that the interpreter has called SIG_IGN on to SIG_DFL.
+    void _Py_RestoreSignals()
+
+    int Py_FdIsInteractive(FILE *, const char *)
+
+    # Bootstrap __main__ (defined in Modules/main.c)
+    int Py_Main(int argc, wchar_t **argv)
+
+    # In getpath.c
+    wchar_t *Py_GetProgramFullPath()
+    wchar_t *Py_GetPrefix()
+    wchar_t *Py_GetExecPrefix()
+    wchar_t *Py_GetPath()
+    void Py_SetPath(const wchar_t *)
+    int _Py_CheckPython3()
+
+    # In their own files
+    const char *Py_GetVersion()
+    const char *Py_GetPlatform()
+    const char *Py_GetCopyright()
+    const char *Py_GetCompiler()
+    const char *Py_GetBuildInfo()
+    const char *_Py_gitidentifier()
+    const char *_Py_gitversion()
+
+    ctypedef void (*PyOS_sighandler_t)(int)
+    PyOS_sighandler_t PyOS_getsig(int)
+    PyOS_sighandler_t PyOS_setsig(int, PyOS_sighandler_t)
+
+    # Random
+    int _PyOS_URandom(void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
+    int _PyOS_URandomNonblock(void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/time.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""
+Cython implementation of (parts of) the standard library time module.
+"""
+
+from libc.stdint cimport int64_t
+from cpython.exc cimport PyErr_SetFromErrno
+
+cdef extern from *:
+    """
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030d00b1 || defined(PyTime_t)
+        #define __Pyx_PyTime_t PyTime_t
+    #else
+        #define __Pyx_PyTime_t _PyTime_t
+    #endif
+
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030d00b1 || defined(PyTime_TimeRaw)
+        static CYTHON_INLINE __Pyx_PyTime_t __Pyx_PyTime_TimeUnchecked(void) {
+            __Pyx_PyTime_t tic;
+            (void) PyTime_TimeRaw(&tic);
+            return tic;
+        }
+    #else
+        #define __Pyx_PyTime_TimeUnchecked()  _PyTime_GetSystemClock()
+    #endif
+
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030d00b1 || defined(PyTime_AsSecondsDouble)
+        #define __Pyx_PyTime_AsSecondsDouble(t)  PyTime_AsSecondsDouble(t)
+    #else
+        #define __Pyx_PyTime_AsSecondsDouble(t)  _PyTime_AsSecondsDouble(t)
+    #endif
+    """
+    ctypedef int64_t PyTime_t "__Pyx_PyTime_t"
+    ctypedef int64_t _PyTime_t "__Pyx_PyTime_t"
+
+    _PyTime_t _PyTime_GetSystemClock "__Pyx_PyTime_TimeUnchecked" () nogil
+    _PyTime_t PyTime_TimeUnchecked "__Pyx_PyTime_TimeUnchecked" () nogil
+
+    double _PyTime_AsSecondsDouble "__Pyx_PyTime_AsSecondsDouble" (_PyTime_t t) nogil
+    double PyTime_AsSecondsDouble "__Pyx_PyTime_AsSecondsDouble" (_PyTime_t t) nogil
+
+from libc.time cimport (
+    tm,
+    time_t,
+    localtime as libc_localtime,
+)
+
+
+cdef inline double time() noexcept nogil:
+    cdef:
+        _PyTime_t tic
+
+    tic = PyTime_TimeUnchecked()
+    return PyTime_AsSecondsDouble(tic)
+
+
+cdef inline int _raise_from_errno() except -1 with gil:
+    PyErr_SetFromErrno(RuntimeError)
+    return <int> -1  # Let the C compiler know that this function always raises.
+
+
+cdef inline tm localtime() except * nogil:
+    """
+    Analogue to the stdlib time.localtime.  The returned struct
+    has some entries that the stdlib version does not: tm_gmtoff, tm_zone
+    """
+    cdef:
+        time_t tic = <time_t>time()
+        tm* result
+
+    result = libc_localtime(&tic)
+    if result is NULL:
+        _raise_from_errno()
+    # Fix 0-based date values (and the 1900-based year).
+    # See tmtotuple() in https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/master/Modules/timemodule.c
+    result.tm_year += 1900
+    result.tm_mon += 1
+    result.tm_wday = <int> ((result.tm_wday + 6) % 7)
+    result.tm_yday += 1
+    return result[0]

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/tuple.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+from .object cimport PyObject
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+
+    ############################################################################
+    # Tuples
+    ############################################################################
+
+    bint PyTuple_Check(object  p)
+    # Return true if p is a tuple object or an instance of a subtype
+    # of the tuple type.
+
+    bint PyTuple_CheckExact(object  p)
+    # Return true if p is a tuple object, but not an instance of a subtype of the tuple type.
+
+    tuple PyTuple_New(Py_ssize_t len)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a new tuple object of size len, or NULL on failure.
+
+    tuple PyTuple_Pack(Py_ssize_t n, ...)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Return a new tuple object of size n, or NULL on failure. The
+    # tuple values are initialized to the subsequent n C arguments
+    # pointing to Python objects. "PyTuple_Pack(2, a, b)" is
+    # equivalent to "Py_BuildValue("(OO)", a, b)".
+
+    Py_ssize_t PyTuple_Size(object  p) except -1
+    # Take a pointer to a tuple object, and return the size of that tuple.
+
+    Py_ssize_t PyTuple_GET_SIZE(object  p)
+    # Return the size of the tuple p, which must be non-NULL and point
+    # to a tuple; no error checking is performed.
+
+    PyObject* PyTuple_GetItem(object  p, Py_ssize_t pos) except NULL
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Return the object at position pos in the tuple pointed to by
+    # p. If pos is out of bounds, return NULL and sets an IndexError
+    # exception.
+
+    PyObject* PyTuple_GET_ITEM(object  p, Py_ssize_t pos)
+    # Return value: Borrowed reference.
+    # Like PyTuple_GetItem(), but does no checking of its arguments.
+
+    tuple PyTuple_GetSlice(object  p, Py_ssize_t low, Py_ssize_t high)
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    # Take a slice of the tuple pointed to by p from low to high and return it as a new tuple.
+
+    int PyTuple_SetItem(object  p, Py_ssize_t pos, object  o) except -1
+    # Insert a reference to object o at position pos of the tuple
+    # pointed to by p. Return 0 on success.
+    #
+    # WARNING: This function _steals_ a reference to o.
+
+    void PyTuple_SET_ITEM(object  p, Py_ssize_t pos, object  o)
+    # Like PyTuple_SetItem(), but does no error checking, and should
+    # only be used to fill in brand new tuples.
+    #
+    # WARNING: This function _steals_ a reference to o.
+
+    int _PyTuple_Resize(PyObject **p, Py_ssize_t newsize) except -1
+    # Can be used to resize a tuple. newsize will be the new length of
+    # the tuple. Because tuples are supposed to be immutable, this
+    # should only be used if there is only one reference to the
+    # object. Do not use this if the tuple may already be known to
+    # some other part of the code. The tuple will always grow or
+    # shrink at the end. Think of this as destroying the old tuple and
+    # creating a new one, only more efficiently. Returns 0 on
+    # success. Client code should never assume that the resulting
+    # value of *p will be the same as before calling this function. If
+    # the object referenced by *p is replaced, the original *p is
+    # destroyed. On failure, returns -1 and sets *p to NULL, and
+    # raises MemoryError or SystemError.

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/cpython/unicode.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,639 @@
+from libc.stddef cimport wchar_t
+
+cdef extern from *:
+    ctypedef unsigned char Py_UCS1  # uint8_t
+    ctypedef unsigned short Py_UCS2  # uint16_t
+
+    # Return true if the object o is a Unicode object or an instance
+    # of a Unicode subtype. Changed in version 2.2: Allowed subtypes
+    # to be accepted.
+    bint PyUnicode_Check(object o)
+
+    # Return true if the object o is a Unicode object, but not an
+    # instance of a subtype. New in version 2.2.
+    bint PyUnicode_CheckExact(object o)
+
+    # Return the size of the object. o has to be a PyUnicodeObject
+    # (not checked).
+    #
+    # Deprecated since version 3.3, will be removed in version 3.10:
+    # Part of the old-style Unicode API, please migrate to using
+    # PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH().
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(object o)
+
+    # Return the length of the Unicode string, in code points. o has
+    # to be a Unicode object in the “canonical” representation (not
+    # checked).
+    #
+    # New in version 3.3.
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(object o)
+
+    Py_UCS1 *PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA(object o)
+    Py_UCS2 *PyUnicode_2BYTE_DATA(object o)
+    Py_UCS4 *PyUnicode_4BYTE_DATA(object o)
+
+    int PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND  # Deprecated since Python 3.10, removed in 3.12.
+    int PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND
+    int PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND
+    int PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND
+    void PyUnicode_WRITE(int kind, void *data, Py_ssize_t index, Py_UCS4 value)
+    Py_UCS4 PyUnicode_READ(int kind, void *data, Py_ssize_t index)
+    Py_UCS4 PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(object o, Py_ssize_t index)
+
+    unsigned int PyUnicode_KIND(object o)
+    void *PyUnicode_DATA(object o)
+
+    # Return the size of the object's internal buffer in bytes. o has
+    # to be a PyUnicodeObject (not checked).
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GET_DATA_SIZE(object o)
+
+    # Return a pointer to the internal Py_UNICODE buffer of the
+    # object. o has to be a PyUnicodeObject (not checked).
+    Py_UNICODE* PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(object o)
+
+    # Return a pointer to the internal buffer of the object. o has to
+    # be a PyUnicodeObject (not checked).
+    char* PyUnicode_AS_DATA(object o)
+
+    bint PyUnicode_IsIdentifier(object o)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a whitespace character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a lowercase character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is an uppercase character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a titlecase character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISTITLE(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a linebreak character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISLINEBREAK(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a decimal character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a digit character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISDIGIT(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a numeric character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISNUMERIC(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is an alphabetic character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISALPHA(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is an alphanumeric character.
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISALNUM(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    bint Py_UNICODE_ISPRINTABLE(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return the character ch converted to lower case.
+    # Used to return a Py_UNICODE value before Py3.3.
+    Py_UCS4 Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return the character ch converted to upper case.
+    # Used to return a Py_UNICODE value before Py3.3.
+    Py_UCS4 Py_UNICODE_TOUPPER(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return the character ch converted to title case.
+    # Used to return a Py_UNICODE value before Py3.3.
+    Py_UCS4 Py_UNICODE_TOTITLE(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return the character ch converted to a decimal positive
+    # integer. Return -1 if this is not possible. This macro does not
+    # raise exceptions.
+    int Py_UNICODE_TODECIMAL(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return the character ch converted to a single digit
+    # integer. Return -1 if this is not possible. This macro does not
+    # raise exceptions.
+    int Py_UNICODE_TODIGIT(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # Return the character ch converted to a double. Return -1.0 if
+    # this is not possible. This macro does not raise exceptions.
+    double Py_UNICODE_TONUMERIC(Py_UCS4 ch)
+
+    # To create Unicode objects and access their basic sequence
+    # properties, use these APIs:
+
+    # Create a Unicode Object from the Py_UNICODE buffer u of the
+    # given size. u may be NULL which causes the contents to be
+    # undefined. It is the user's responsibility to fill in the needed
+    # data. The buffer is copied into the new object. If the buffer is
+    # not NULL, the return value might be a shared object. Therefore,
+    # modification of the resulting Unicode object is only allowed
+    # when u is NULL.
+    unicode PyUnicode_FromUnicode(Py_UNICODE *u, Py_ssize_t size)
+
+    # Similar to PyUnicode_FromUnicode(), but u points to UTF-8 encoded
+    # bytes
+    unicode PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(const char *u, Py_ssize_t size)
+
+    # Similar to PyUnicode_FromUnicode(), but u points to null-terminated
+    # UTF-8 encoded bytes.  The size is determined with strlen().
+    unicode PyUnicode_FromString(const char *u)
+
+    unicode PyUnicode_New(Py_ssize_t size, Py_UCS4 maxchar)
+    unicode PyUnicode_FromKindAndData(int kind, const void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size)
+    unicode PyUnicode_FromFormat(const char *format, ...)
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GetLength(object unicode) except -1
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_CopyCharacters(object to, Py_ssize_t to_start, object from_, Py_ssize_t from_start, Py_ssize_t how_many) except -1
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Fill(object unicode, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t length, Py_UCS4 fill_char) except -1
+    int PyUnicode_WriteChar(object unicode, Py_ssize_t index, Py_UCS4 character) except -1
+    Py_UCS4 PyUnicode_ReadChar(object unicode, Py_ssize_t index) except -1
+    unicode PyUnicode_Substring(object str, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t end)
+    Py_UCS4 *PyUnicode_AsUCS4(object u, Py_UCS4 *buffer, Py_ssize_t buflen, int copy_null) except NULL
+    Py_UCS4 *PyUnicode_AsUCS4Copy(object u) except NULL
+
+    # Create a Unicode Object from the given Unicode code point ordinal.
+    #
+    # The ordinal must be in range(0x10000) on narrow Python builds
+    # (UCS2), and range(0x110000) on wide builds (UCS4). A ValueError
+    # is raised in case it is not.
+    unicode PyUnicode_FromOrdinal(int ordinal)
+
+    # Return a read-only pointer to the Unicode object's internal
+    # Py_UNICODE buffer, NULL if unicode is not a Unicode object.
+    Py_UNICODE* PyUnicode_AsUnicode(object o) except NULL
+
+    # Return the length of the Unicode object.
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GetSize(object o) except -1
+
+    # Coerce an encoded object obj to an Unicode object and return a
+    # reference with incremented refcount.
+    # String and other char buffer compatible objects are decoded
+    # according to the given encoding and using the error handling
+    # defined by errors. Both can be NULL to have the interface use
+    # the default values (see the next section for details).
+    # All other objects, including Unicode objects, cause a TypeError
+    # to be set.
+    object PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(object o, char *encoding, char *errors)
+
+    # Shortcut for PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(obj, NULL, "strict")
+    # which is used throughout the interpreter whenever coercion to
+    # Unicode is needed.
+    object PyUnicode_FromObject(object obj)
+
+    # If the platform supports wchar_t and provides a header file
+    # wchar.h, Python can interface directly to this type using the
+    # following functions. Support is optimized if Python's own
+    # Py_UNICODE type is identical to the system's wchar_t.
+
+    # Create a Unicode object from the wchar_t buffer w of the given
+    # size. Return NULL on failure.
+    object PyUnicode_FromWideChar(wchar_t *w, Py_ssize_t size)
+
+    # Copy the Unicode object contents into the wchar_t buffer w.
+    # At most size wchar_t characters are copied (excluding a possibly
+    # trailing null termination character). Return the number of wchar_t
+    # characters copied or -1 in case of an error. Note that the
+    # esulting wchar_t* string may or may not be null-terminated.
+    # It is the responsibility of the caller to make sure that the wchar_t*
+    # string is null-terminated in case this is required by the application.
+    # Also, note that the wchar_t* string might contain null characters,
+    # which would cause the string to be truncated when used with most C functions.
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_AsWideChar(object o, wchar_t *w, Py_ssize_t size) except -1
+
+    # Convert the Unicode object to a wide character string. The output
+    # string always ends with a null character. If size is not NULL,
+    # write the number of wide characters (excluding the trailing null
+    # termination character) into *size. Note that the resulting wchar_t
+    # string might contain null characters, which would cause the string
+    # to be truncated when used with most C functions. If size is NULL and
+    # the wchar_t* string contains null characters a ValueError is raised.
+
+    # Returns a buffer allocated by PyMem_New (use PyMem_Free() to free it)
+    # on success. On error, returns NULL and *size is undefined. Raises a
+    # MemoryError if memory allocation is failed.
+    wchar_t *PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(object o, Py_ssize_t *size) except NULL
+
+# Unicode Methods
+
+    # Concat two strings giving a new Unicode string.
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    unicode PyUnicode_Concat(object left, object right)
+
+    # Split a string giving a list of Unicode strings. If sep is NULL,
+    # splitting will be done at all whitespace substrings. Otherwise,
+    # splits occur at the given separator. At most maxsplit splits will
+    # be done. If negative, no limit is set. Separators are not included
+    # in the resulting list.
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    list PyUnicode_Split(object s, object sep, Py_ssize_t maxsplit)
+
+    # Split a Unicode string at line breaks, returning a list of Unicode
+    # strings. CRLF is considered to be one line break. If keepend is 0,
+    # the Line break characters are not included in the resulting strings.
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    list PyUnicode_Splitlines(object s, bint keepend)
+
+    # Translate a string by applying a character mapping table to it and
+    # return the resulting Unicode object.
+    #
+    # The mapping table must map Unicode ordinal integers to Unicode ordinal
+    # integers or None (causing deletion of the character).
+    #
+    # Mapping tables need only provide the __getitem__() interface;
+    # dictionaries and sequences work well. Unmapped character ordinals (ones
+    # which cause a LookupError) are left untouched and are copied as-is.
+    #
+    # errors has the usual meaning for codecs. It may be NULL which indicates
+    # to use the default error handling.
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    unicode PyUnicode_Translate(object str, object table, const char *errors)
+
+    # Join a sequence of strings using the given separator and return the
+    # resulting Unicode string.
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    unicode PyUnicode_Join(object separator, object seq)
+
+    # Return 1 if substr matches str[start:end] at the given tail end
+    # (direction == -1 means to do a prefix match, direction == 1 a
+    # suffix match), 0 otherwise.
+    # Return -1 if an error occurred.
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Tailmatch(object str, object substr,
+                                   Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t end, int direction) except -1
+
+    # Return the first position of substr in str[start:end] using the given
+    # direction (direction == 1 means to do a forward search, direction == -1
+    # a backward search). The return value is the index of the first match;
+    # a value of -1 indicates that no match was found, and -2 indicates that an
+    # error occurred and an exception has been set.
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Find(object str, object substr, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t end, int direction) except -2
+
+    # Return the first position of the character ch in str[start:end] using
+    # the given direction (direction == 1 means to do a forward search,
+    # direction == -1 a backward search). The return value is the index of
+    # the first match; a value of -1 indicates that no match was found, and
+    # -2 indicates that an error occurred and an exception has been set.
+    # New in version 3.3.
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_FindChar(object str, Py_UCS4 ch, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t end, int direction) except -2
+
+    # Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substr in
+    # str[start:end]. Return -1 if an error occurred.
+    Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Count(object str, object substr, Py_ssize_t start, Py_ssize_t end) except -1
+
+    # Replace at most maxcount occurrences of substr in str with replstr and
+    # return the resulting Unicode object. maxcount == -1 means replace all
+    # occurrences.
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    unicode PyUnicode_Replace(object str, object substr, object replstr, Py_ssize_t maxcount)
+
+    # Compare two strings and return -1, 0, 1 for less than,
+    # equal, and greater than, respectively.
+    int PyUnicode_Compare(object left, object right) except? -1
+
+    # Compare a unicode object, uni, with string and return -1, 0, 1 for less than,
+    # equal, and greater than, respectively. It is best to pass only ASCII-encoded
+    # strings, but the function interprets the input string as ISO-8859-1 if it
+    # contains non-ASCII characters.
+    int PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(object uni, const char *string)
+
+    # Rich compare two unicode strings and return one of the following:
+    #
+    #    NULL in case an exception was raised
+    #    Py_True or Py_False for successful comparisons
+    #    Py_NotImplemented in case the type combination is unknown
+    #
+    # Note that Py_EQ and Py_NE comparisons can cause a UnicodeWarning in case
+    # the conversion of the arguments to Unicode fails with a UnicodeDecodeError.
+    #
+    # Possible values for op are Py_GT, Py_GE, Py_EQ, Py_NE, Py_LT, and Py_LE.
+    object PyUnicode_RichCompare(object left, object right, int op)
+
+    # Return a new string object from format and args; this is analogous to
+    # format % args.
+    # Return value: New reference.
+    unicode PyUnicode_Format(object format, object args)
+
+    # Check whether element is contained in container and return true or false
+    # accordingly.
+    #
+    # element has to coerce to a one element Unicode string. -1 is returned
+    # if there was an error.
+    int PyUnicode_Contains(object container, object element) except -1
+
+    # Intern the argument *string in place. The argument must be the address
+    # of a pointer variable pointing to a Python unicode string object. If
+    # there is an existing interned string that is the same as *string, it sets
+    # *string to it (decrementing the reference count of the old string object
+    # and incrementing the reference count of the interned string object),
+    # otherwise it leaves *string alone and interns it (incrementing its reference
+    # count). (Clarification: even though there is a lot of talk about reference
+    # counts, think of this function as reference-count-neutral; you own the object
+    # after the call if and only if you owned it before the call.)
+    #void PyUnicode_InternInPlace(PyObject **string)
+
+    # A combination of PyUnicode_FromString() and PyUnicode_InternInPlace(),
+    # returning either a new unicode string object that has been interned, or
+    # a new ("owned") reference to an earlier interned string object with the
+    # same value.
+    unicode PyUnicode_InternFromString(const char *v)
+
+
+# Codecs
+
+    # Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the encoded
+    # string s. encoding and errors have the same meaning as the
+    # parameters of the same name in the unicode() builtin
+    # function. The codec to be used is looked up using the Python
+    # codec registry. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the
+    # codec.
+    object PyUnicode_Decode(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *encoding, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode the Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size and return a
+    # Python string object. encoding and errors have the same meaning
+    # as the parameters of the same name in the Unicode encode()
+    # method. The codec to be used is looked up using the Python codec
+    # registry. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_Encode(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size,
+                            char *encoding, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode a Unicode object and return the result as Python string
+    # object. encoding and errors have the same meaning as the
+    # parameters of the same name in the Unicode encode() method. The
+    # codec to be used is looked up using the Python codec
+    # registry. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(object unicode, char *encoding, char *errors)
+
+# These are the UTF-8 codec APIs:
+
+    # Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the UTF-8
+    # encoded string s. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the
+    # codec.
+    unicode PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # If consumed is NULL, behave like PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(). If
+    # consumed is not NULL, trailing incomplete UTF-8 byte sequences
+    # will not be treated as an error. Those bytes will not be decoded
+    # and the number of bytes that have been decoded will be stored in
+    # consumed. New in version 2.4.
+    unicode PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8Stateful(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors, Py_ssize_t *consumed)
+
+    # Encode the Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using UTF-8 and
+    # return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was
+    # raised by the codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_EncodeUTF8(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode a Unicode objects using UTF-8 and return the result as Python bytes object. Error handling is ``strict''. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(object unicode)
+
+
+    # Return a pointer to the UTF-8 encoding of the Unicode object,
+    # and store the size of the encoded representation (in bytes) in size.
+    # The size argument can be NULL; in this case no size will be stored.
+    # The returned buffer always has an extra null byte appended
+    # (not included in size), regardless of whether there are any
+    # other null code points.
+
+    # In the case of an error, NULL is returned with an exception set and
+    # no size is stored.
+
+    # This caches the UTF-8 representation of the string in the Unicode
+    # object, and subsequent calls will return a pointer to the same buffer.
+    # The caller is not responsible for deallocating the buffer
+    const char* PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(object unicode, Py_ssize_t *size) except NULL
+
+
+    # As PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(), but does not store the size.
+    const char *PyUnicode_AsUTF8(object unicode) except NULL
+
+# These are the UTF-16 codec APIs:
+
+    # Decode length bytes from a UTF-16 encoded buffer string and
+    # return the corresponding Unicode object. errors (if non-NULL)
+    # defines the error handling. It defaults to ``strict''.
+    #
+    # If byteorder is non-NULL, the decoder starts decoding using the
+    # given byte order:
+    #
+    #   *byteorder == -1: little endian
+    #   *byteorder == 0:  native order
+    #   *byteorder == 1:  big endian
+    #
+    # and then switches if the first two bytes of the input data are a
+    # byte order mark (BOM) and the specified byte order is native
+    # order. This BOM is not copied into the resulting Unicode
+    # string. After completion, *byteorder is set to the current byte
+    # order at the.
+    #
+    # If byteorder is NULL, the codec starts in native order mode.
+    unicode PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors, int *byteorder)
+
+    # If consumed is NULL, behave like PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16(). If
+    # consumed is not NULL, PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16Stateful() will not
+    # treat trailing incomplete UTF-16 byte sequences (such as an odd
+    # number of bytes or a split surrogate pair) as an error. Those
+    # bytes will not be decoded and the number of bytes that have been
+    # decoded will be stored in consumed. New in version 2.4.
+    unicode PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16Stateful(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors, int *byteorder, Py_ssize_t *consumed)
+
+    # Return a Python string object holding the UTF-16 encoded value
+    # of the Unicode data in s. If byteorder is not 0, output is
+    # written according to the following byte order:
+    #
+    #   byteorder == -1: little endian
+    #   byteorder == 0:  native byte order (writes a BOM mark)
+    #   byteorder == 1:  big endian
+    #
+    # If byteorder is 0, the output string will always start with the
+    # Unicode BOM mark (U+FEFF). In the other two modes, no BOM mark
+    # is prepended.
+    #
+    # If Py_UNICODE_WIDE is defined, a single Py_UNICODE value may get
+    # represented as a surrogate pair. If it is not defined, each
+    # Py_UNICODE values is interpreted as an UCS-2 character.
+    bytes PyUnicode_EncodeUTF16(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors, int byteorder)
+
+    # Return a Python string using the UTF-16 encoding in native byte
+    # order. The string always starts with a BOM mark. Error handling
+    # is ``strict''. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the
+    # codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_AsUTF16String(object unicode)
+
+# These are the ``Unicode Escape'' codec APIs:
+
+    # Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the
+    # Unicode-Escape encoded string s. Return NULL if an exception was
+    # raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_DecodeUnicodeEscape(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode the Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using
+    # Unicode-Escape and return a Python string object. Return NULL if
+    # an exception was raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_EncodeUnicodeEscape(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size)
+
+    # Encode a Unicode objects using Unicode-Escape and return the
+    # result as Python string object. Error handling is
+    # ``strict''. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_AsUnicodeEscapeString(object unicode)
+
+# These are the ``Raw Unicode Escape'' codec APIs:
+
+    # Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the
+    # Raw-Unicode-Escape encoded string s. Return NULL if an exception
+    # was raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_DecodeRawUnicodeEscape(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode the Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using
+    # Raw-Unicode-Escape and return a Python string object. Return
+    # NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_EncodeRawUnicodeEscape(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode a Unicode objects using Raw-Unicode-Escape and return the
+    # result as Python string object. Error handling is
+    # ``strict''. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_AsRawUnicodeEscapeString(object unicode)
+
+# These are the Latin-1 codec APIs: Latin-1 corresponds to the first 256 Unicode ordinals and only these are accepted by the codecs during encoding.
+
+    # Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the Latin-1
+    # encoded string s. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the
+    # codec.
+    unicode PyUnicode_DecodeLatin1(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode the Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using Latin-1 and
+    # return a Python bytes object. Return NULL if an exception was
+    # raised by the codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_EncodeLatin1(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode a Unicode objects using Latin-1 and return the result as
+    # Python bytes object. Error handling is ``strict''. Return NULL
+    # if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_AsLatin1String(object unicode)
+
+# These are the ASCII codec APIs. Only 7-bit ASCII data is
+# accepted. All other codes generate errors.
+
+    # Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the ASCII
+    # encoded string s. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the
+    # codec.
+    unicode PyUnicode_DecodeASCII(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode the Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using ASCII and
+    # return a Python bytes object. Return NULL if an exception was
+    # raised by the codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_EncodeASCII(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode a Unicode objects using ASCII and return the result as
+    # Python bytes object. Error handling is ``strict''. Return NULL
+    # if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(object o)
+
+# These are the mapping codec APIs:
+#
+# This codec is special in that it can be used to implement many
+# different codecs (and this is in fact what was done to obtain most
+# of the standard codecs included in the encodings package). The codec
+# uses mapping to encode and decode characters.
+#
+# Decoding mappings must map single string characters to single
+# Unicode characters, integers (which are then interpreted as Unicode
+# ordinals) or None (meaning "undefined mapping" and causing an
+# error).
+#
+# Encoding mappings must map single Unicode characters to single
+# string characters, integers (which are then interpreted as Latin-1
+# ordinals) or None (meaning "undefined mapping" and causing an
+# error).
+#
+# The mapping objects provided must only support the __getitem__
+# mapping interface.
+#
+# If a character lookup fails with a LookupError, the character is
+# copied as-is meaning that its ordinal value will be interpreted as
+# Unicode or Latin-1 ordinal resp. Because of this, mappings only need
+# to contain those mappings which map characters to different code
+# points.
+
+    # Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the encoded
+    # string s using the given mapping object. Return NULL if an
+    # exception was raised by the codec. If mapping is NULL latin-1
+    # decoding will be done. Else it can be a dictionary mapping byte
+    # or a unicode string, which is treated as a lookup table. Byte
+    # values greater that the length of the string and U+FFFE
+    # "characters" are treated as "undefined mapping". Changed in
+    # version 2.4: Allowed unicode string as mapping argument.
+    object PyUnicode_DecodeCharmap(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, object mapping, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode the Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using the given
+    # mapping object and return a Python string object. Return NULL if
+    # an exception was raised by the codec.
+    #
+    # Deprecated since version 3.3, will be removed in version 4.0.
+    object PyUnicode_EncodeCharmap(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size, object mapping, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode a Unicode objects using the given mapping object and
+    # return the result as Python string object. Error handling is
+    # ``strict''. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    object PyUnicode_AsCharmapString(object o, object mapping)
+
+# The following codec API is special in that maps Unicode to Unicode.
+
+    # Translate a Py_UNICODE buffer of the given length by applying a
+    # character mapping table to it and return the resulting Unicode
+    # object. Return NULL when an exception was raised by the codec.
+    #
+    # The mapping table must map Unicode ordinal integers to Unicode
+    # ordinal integers or None (causing deletion of the character).
+    #
+    # Mapping tables need only provide the __getitem__() interface;
+    # dictionaries and sequences work well. Unmapped character
+    # ordinals (ones which cause a LookupError) are left untouched and
+    # are copied as-is.
+    #
+    # Deprecated since version 3.3, will be removed in version 4.0.
+    object PyUnicode_TranslateCharmap(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size,
+                                      object table, char *errors)
+
+# These are the MBCS codec APIs. They are currently only available on
+# Windows and use the Win32 MBCS converters to implement the
+# conversions. Note that MBCS (or DBCS) is a class of encodings, not
+# just one. The target encoding is defined by the user settings on the
+# machine running the codec.
+
+    # Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the MBCS
+    # encoded string s. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the
+    # codec.
+    unicode PyUnicode_DecodeMBCS(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # If consumed is NULL, behave like PyUnicode_DecodeMBCS(). If
+    # consumed is not NULL, PyUnicode_DecodeMBCSStateful() will not
+    # decode trailing lead byte and the number of bytes that have been
+    # decoded will be stored in consumed. New in version 2.5.
+    # NOTE: Python 2.x uses 'int' values for 'size' and 'consumed' (changed in 3.0)
+    unicode PyUnicode_DecodeMBCSStateful(char *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors, Py_ssize_t *consumed)
+
+    # Encode the Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using MBCS and
+    # return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was
+    # raised by the codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_EncodeMBCS(Py_UNICODE *s, Py_ssize_t size, char *errors)
+
+    # Encode a Unicode objects using MBCS and return the result as
+    # Python string object. Error handling is ``strict''. Return NULL
+    # if an exception was raised by the codec.
+    bytes PyUnicode_AsMBCSString(object o)
+
+    # Encode the Unicode object using the specified code page and return
+    # a Python bytes object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the
+    # codec. Use CP_ACP code page to get the MBCS encoder.
+    #
+    # New in version 3.3.
+    bytes PyUnicode_EncodeCodePage(int code_page, object unicode, const char *errors)
+
+
+# Py_UCS4 helpers (new in CPython 3.3)
+
+    # These utility functions work on strings of Py_UCS4 characters and
+    # otherwise behave like the C standard library functions with the same name.
+
+    size_t Py_UCS4_strlen(const Py_UCS4 *u)
+    Py_UCS4* Py_UCS4_strcpy(Py_UCS4 *s1, const Py_UCS4 *s2)
+    Py_UCS4* Py_UCS4_strncpy(Py_UCS4 *s1, const Py_UCS4 *s2, size_t n)
+    Py_UCS4* Py_UCS4_strcat(Py_UCS4 *s1, const Py_UCS4 *s2)
+    int Py_UCS4_strcmp(const Py_UCS4 *s1, const Py_UCS4 *s2)
+    int Py_UCS4_strncmp(const Py_UCS4 *s1, const Py_UCS4 *s2, size_t n)
+    Py_UCS4* Py_UCS4_strchr(const Py_UCS4 *s, Py_UCS4 c)
+    Py_UCS4* Py_UCS4_strrchr(const Py_UCS4 *s, Py_UCS4 c)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/__init__.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# empty file

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/complex.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+cdef extern from "<complex.h>" nogil:
+    # Trigonometric functions.
+    double complex cacos(double complex z)
+    double complex casin(double complex z)
+    double complex catan(double complex z)
+    double complex ccos(double complex z)
+    double complex csin(double complex z)
+    double complex ctan(double complex z)
+
+    # Hyperbolic functions.
+    double complex cacosh(double complex z)
+    double complex casinh(double complex z)
+    double complex catanh(double complex z)
+    double complex ccosh(double complex z)
+    double complex csinh(double complex z)
+    double complex ctanh(double complex z)
+
+    # Exponential and logarithmic functions.
+    double complex cexp(double complex z)
+    double complex clog(double complex z)
+    double complex clog10(double complex z)
+
+    # Power functions.
+    double complex cpow(double complex x, double complex y)
+    double complex csqrt(double complex z)
+
+    # Absolute value, conjugates, and projection.
+    double cabs(double complex z)
+    double carg(double complex z)
+    double complex conj(double complex z)
+    double complex cproj(double complex z)
+
+    # Decomposing complex values.
+    double cimag(double complex z)
+    double creal(double complex z)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/errno.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# 7.5 Errors <errno.h>
+
+cdef extern from "<errno.h>" nogil:
+    enum:
+        EPERM
+        ENOENT
+        ESRCH
+        EINTR
+        EIO
+        ENXIO
+        E2BIG
+        ENOEXEC
+        EBADF
+        ECHILD
+        EAGAIN
+        ENOMEM
+        EACCES
+        EFAULT
+        ENOTBLK
+        EBUSY
+        EEXIST
+        EXDEV
+        ENODEV
+        ENOTDIR
+        EISDIR
+        EINVAL
+        ENFILE
+        EMFILE
+        ENOTTY
+        ETXTBSY
+        EFBIG
+        ENOSPC
+        ESPIPE
+        EROFS
+        EMLINK
+        EPIPE
+        EDOM
+        ERANGE
+        EDEADLOCK
+        ENAMETOOLONG
+        ENOLCK
+        ENOSYS
+        ENOTEMPTY
+        ELOOP
+        ENOMSG
+        EIDRM
+        ECHRNG
+        EL2NSYNC
+        EL3HLT
+        EL3RST
+        ELNRNG
+        EUNATCH
+        ENOCSI
+        EL2HLT
+        EBADE
+        EBADR
+        EXFULL
+        ENOANO
+        EBADRQC
+        EBADSLT
+        EBFONT
+        ENOSTR
+        ENODATA
+        ENOATTR
+        ETIME
+        ENOSR
+        ENONET
+        ENOPKG
+        EREMOTE
+        ENOLINK
+        EADV
+        ESRMNT
+        ECOMM
+        EPROTO
+        EMULTIHOP
+        EDOTDOT
+        EBADMSG
+        EOVERFLOW
+        ENOTUNIQ
+        EBADFD
+        EREMCHG
+        ELIBACC
+        ELIBBAD
+        ELIBSCN
+        ELIBMAX
+        ELIBEXEC
+        EILSEQ
+        ERESTART
+        ESTRPIPE
+        EUSERS
+        ENOTSOCK
+        EDESTADDRREQ
+        EMSGSIZE
+        EPROTOTYPE
+        ENOPROTOOPT
+        EPROTONOSUPPORT
+        ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
+        EOPNOTSUPP
+        EPFNOSUPPORT
+        EAFNOSUPPORT
+        EADDRINUSE
+        EADDRNOTAVAIL
+        ENETDOWN
+        ENETUNREACH
+        ENETRESET
+        ECONNABORTED
+        ECONNRESET
+        ENOBUFS
+        EISCONN
+        ENOTCONN
+        ESHUTDOWN
+        ETOOMANYREFS
+        ETIMEDOUT
+        ECONNREFUSED
+        EHOSTDOWN
+        EHOSTUNREACH
+        EALREADY
+        EINPROGRESS
+        ESTALE
+        EUCLEAN
+        ENOTNAM
+        ENAVAIL
+        EISNAM
+        EREMOTEIO
+        EDQUOT
+
+    int errno

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/float.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# 5.2.4.2.2 Characteristics of floating types <float.h>
+
+cdef extern from "<float.h>":
+
+    const float FLT_RADIX
+
+    const float FLT_MANT_DIG
+    const double DBL_MANT_DIG
+    const long double LDBL_MANT_DIG
+
+    const double DECIMAL_DIG
+
+    const float FLT_DIG
+    const double DBL_DIG
+    const long double LDBL_DIG
+
+    const float FLT_MIN_EXP
+    const double DBL_MIN_EXP
+    const long double LDBL_MIN_EXP
+
+    const float FLT_MIN_10_EXP
+    const double DBL_MIN_10_EXP
+    const long double LDBL_MIN_10_EXP
+
+    const float FLT_MAX_EXP
+    const double DBL_MAX_EXP
+    const long double LDBL_MAX_EXP
+
+    const float FLT_MAX_10_EXP
+    const double DBL_MAX_10_EXP
+    const long double LDBL_MAX_10_EXP
+
+    const float FLT_MAX
+    const double DBL_MAX
+    const long double LDBL_MAX
+
+    const float FLT_EPSILON
+    const double DBL_EPSILON
+    const long double LDBL_EPSILON
+
+    const float FLT_MIN
+    const double DBL_MIN
+    const long double LDBL_MIN

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/limits.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# 5.2.4.2.1 Sizes of integer types <limits.h>
+
+cdef extern from "<limits.h>":
+    const int CHAR_BIT
+    const int MB_LEN_MAX
+
+    const char CHAR_MIN
+    const char CHAR_MAX
+
+    const signed char SCHAR_MIN
+    const signed char SCHAR_MAX
+    const unsigned char UCHAR_MAX
+
+    const short SHRT_MIN
+    const short SHRT_MAX
+    const unsigned short USHRT_MAX
+
+    const int INT_MIN
+    const int INT_MAX
+    const unsigned int UINT_MAX
+
+    const long LONG_MIN
+    const long LONG_MAX
+    const unsigned long ULONG_MAX
+
+    const long long LLONG_MIN
+    const long long LLONG_MAX
+    const unsigned long long ULLONG_MAX

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/locale.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# 7.11 Localization <locale.h>
+
+# deprecated cimport for backwards compatibility:
+from libc.string cimport const_char
+
+
+cdef extern from "<locale.h>" nogil:
+
+    struct lconv:
+        char *decimal_point
+        char *thousands_sep
+        char *grouping
+        char *mon_decimal_point
+        char *mon_thousands_sep
+        char *mon_grouping
+        char *positive_sign
+        char *negative_sign
+        char *currency_symbol
+        char frac_digits
+        char p_cs_precedes
+        char n_cs_precedes
+        char p_sep_by_space
+        char n_sep_by_space
+        char p_sign_posn
+        char n_sign_posn
+        char *int_curr_symbol
+        char int_frac_digits
+        char int_p_cs_precedes
+        char int_n_cs_precedes
+        char int_p_sep_by_space
+        char int_n_sep_by_space
+        char int_p_sign_posn
+        char int_n_sign_posn
+
+    enum: LC_ALL
+    enum: LC_COLLATE
+    enum: LC_CTYPE
+    enum: LC_MONETARY
+    enum: LC_NUMERIC
+    enum: LC_TIME
+
+    # 7.11.1 Locale control
+    char *setlocale (int category, const char *locale)
+
+    # 7.11.2 Numeric formatting convention inquiry
+    lconv *localeconv ()

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/math.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+cdef extern from "<math.h>" nogil:
+    const double M_E
+    const double e "M_E"  # as in Python's math module
+    const double M_LOG2E
+    const double M_LOG10E
+    const double M_LN2
+    const double M_LN10
+    const double M_PI
+    const double pi "M_PI"  # as in Python's math module
+    const double M_PI_2
+    const double M_PI_4
+    const double M_1_PI
+    const double M_2_PI
+    const double M_2_SQRTPI
+    const double M_SQRT2
+    const double M_SQRT1_2
+
+    # C99 constants
+    const float INFINITY
+    const float NAN
+    # note: not providing "nan" and "inf" aliases here as nan() is a function in C
+    const double HUGE_VAL
+    const float HUGE_VALF
+    const long double HUGE_VALL
+
+    # All C99 functions in alphabetical order
+    double acos(double x)
+    float acosf(float)
+    double acosh(double x)
+    float acoshf(float)
+    long double acoshl(long double)
+    long double acosl(long double)
+    double asin(double x)
+    float asinf(float)
+    double asinh(double x)
+    float asinhf(float)
+    long double asinhl(long double)
+    long double asinl(long double)
+    double atan(double x)
+    double atan2(double y, double x)
+    float atan2f(float, float)
+    long double atan2l(long double, long double)
+    float atanf(float)
+    double atanh(double x)
+    float atanhf(float)
+    long double atanhl(long double)
+    long double atanl(long double)
+    double cbrt(double x)
+    float cbrtf(float)
+    long double cbrtl(long double)
+    double ceil(double x)
+    float ceilf(float)
+    long double ceill(long double)
+    double copysign(double, double)
+    float copysignf(float, float)
+    long double copysignl(long double, long double)
+    double cos(double x)
+    float cosf(float)
+    double cosh(double x)
+    float coshf(float)
+    long double coshl(long double)
+    long double cosl(long double)
+    double erf(double)
+    double erfc(double)
+    float erfcf(float)
+    long double erfcl(long double)
+    float erff(float)
+    long double erfl(long double)
+    double exp(double x)
+    double exp2(double x)
+    float exp2f(float)
+    long double exp2l(long double)
+    float expf(float)
+    long double expl(long double)
+    double expm1(double x)
+    float expm1f(float)
+    long double expm1l(long double)
+    double fabs(double x)
+    float fabsf(float)
+    long double fabsl(long double)
+    double fdim(double x, double y)
+    float fdimf(float, float)
+    long double fdiml(long double, long double)
+    double floor(double x)
+    float floorf(float)
+    long double floorl(long double)
+    double fma(double x, double y, double z)
+    float fmaf(float, float, float)
+    long double fmal(long double, long double, long double)
+    double fmax(double x, double y)
+    float fmaxf(float, float)
+    long double fmaxl(long double, long double)
+    double fmin(double x, double y)
+    float fminf(float, float)
+    long double fminl(long double, long double)
+    double fmod(double x, double y)
+    float fmodf(float, float)
+    long double fmodl(long double, long double)
+    double frexp(double x, int* exponent)
+    float frexpf(float, int* exponent)
+    long double frexpl(long double, int*)
+    double hypot(double x, double y)
+    float hypotf(float, float)
+    long double hypotl(long double, long double)
+    int ilogb(double x)
+    int ilogbf(float)
+    int ilogbl(long double)
+    double ldexp(double x, int exponent)
+    float ldexpf(float, int exponent)
+    long double ldexpl(long double, int exponent)
+    double lgamma(double x)
+    float lgammaf(float)
+    long double lgammal(long double)
+    long long llrint(double)
+    long long llrintf(float)
+    long long llrintl(long double)
+    long long llround(double)
+    long long llroundf(float)
+    long long llroundl(long double)
+    double log(double x)
+    double log10(double x)
+    float log10f(float)
+    long double log10l(long double)
+    double log1p(double x)
+    float log1pf(float)
+    long double log1pl(long double)
+    double log2(double x)
+    float log2f(float)
+    long double log2l(long double)
+    double logb(double x)
+    float logbf(float)
+    long double logbl(long double)
+    float logf(float)
+    long double logl(long double)
+    long lrint(double)
+    long lrintf(float)
+    long lrintl(long double)
+    long lround(double)
+    long lroundf(float)
+    long lroundl(long double)
+    double modf(double x, double* iptr)
+    float modff(float, float* iptr)
+    long double modfl(long double, long double* iptr)
+    double nan(const char*)
+    float nanf(const char*)
+    long double nanl(const char*)
+    double nearbyint(double x)
+    float nearbyintf(float)
+    long double nearbyintl(long double)
+    double nextafter(double, double)
+    float nextafterf(float, float)
+    long double nextafterl(long double, long double)
+    double nexttoward(double, long double)
+    float nexttowardf(float, long double)
+    long double nexttowardl(long double, long double)
+    double pow(double x, double y)
+    float powf(float, float)
+    long double powl(long double, long double)
+    double remainder(double x, double y)
+    float remainderf(float, float)
+    long double remainderl(long double, long double)
+    double remquo(double x, double y, int* quot)
+    float remquof(float, float, int* quot)
+    long double remquol(long double, long double, int* quot)
+    double rint(double x)
+    float rintf(float)
+    long double rintl(long double)
+    double round(double x)
+    float roundf(float)
+    long double roundl(long double)
+    double scalbln(double x, long n)
+    float scalblnf(float, long)
+    long double scalblnl(long double, long)
+    double scalbn(double x, int n)
+    float scalbnf(float, int)
+    long double scalbnl(long double, int)
+    double sin(double x)
+    float sinf(float)
+    double sinh(double x)
+    float sinhf(float)
+    long double sinhl(long double)
+    long double sinl(long double)
+    double sqrt(double x)
+    float sqrtf(float)
+    long double sqrtl(long double)
+    double tan(double x)
+    float tanf(float)
+    double tanh(double x)
+    float tanhf(float)
+    long double tanhl(long double)
+    long double tanl(long double)
+    double tgamma(double x)
+    float tgammaf(float)
+    long double tgammal(long double)
+    double trunc(double x)
+    float truncf(float)
+    long double truncl(long double)
+
+    int isinf(long double)   # -1 / 0 / 1
+    bint isfinite(long double)
+    bint isnan(long double)
+    bint isnormal(long double)
+    bint signbit(long double)
+    int fpclassify(long double)
+    const int FP_NAN
+    const int FP_INFINITE
+    const int FP_ZERO
+    const int FP_SUBNORMAL
+    const int FP_NORMAL

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/setjmp.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+cdef extern from "<setjmp.h>" nogil:
+    ctypedef struct jmp_buf:
+        pass
+    int setjmp(jmp_buf state)
+    void longjmp(jmp_buf state, int value)
+
+    ctypedef struct sigjmp_buf:
+        pass
+    int sigsetjmp(sigjmp_buf state, int savesigs)
+    void siglongjmp(sigjmp_buf state, int value)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/signal.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# 7.14 Signal handling <signal.h>
+
+ctypedef void (*sighandler_t)(int SIGNUM) noexcept nogil
+
+cdef extern from "<signal.h>" nogil:
+
+    ctypedef int sig_atomic_t
+
+    sighandler_t SIG_DFL
+    sighandler_t SIG_IGN
+    sighandler_t SIG_ERR
+
+    sighandler_t signal        (int signum, sighandler_t action)
+    int          raise_"raise" (int signum)
+
+    # Signals
+    enum:
+        # Program Error
+        SIGFPE
+        SIGILL
+        SIGSEGV
+        SIGBUS
+        SIGABRT
+        SIGIOT
+        SIGTRAP
+        SIGEMT
+        SIGSYS
+        SIGSTKFLT
+        # Termination
+        SIGTERM
+        SIGINT
+        SIGQUIT
+        SIGKILL
+        SIGHUP
+        # Alarm
+        SIGALRM
+        SIGVTALRM
+        SIGPROF
+        # Asynchronous I/O
+        SIGIO
+        SIGURG
+        SIGPOLL
+        # Job Control
+        SIGCHLD
+        SIGCLD
+        SIGCONT
+        SIGSTOP
+        SIGTSTP
+        SIGTTIN
+        SIGTTOU
+        # Operation Error
+        SIGPIPE
+        SIGLOST
+        SIGXCPU
+        SIGXFSZ
+        SIGPWR
+        # Miscellaneous
+        SIGUSR1
+        SIGUSR2
+        SIGWINCH
+        SIGINFO
+        # Real-time signals
+        SIGRTMIN
+        SIGRTMAX

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/stddef.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# 7.17 Common definitions <stddef.h>
+
+cdef extern from "<stddef.h>":
+
+    ctypedef signed int ptrdiff_t
+
+    ctypedef unsigned int size_t
+
+    ctypedef int wchar_t

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/stdint.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# Longness only used for type promotion.
+# Actual compile time size used for conversions.
+
+# 7.18 Integer types <stdint.h>
+cdef extern from "<stdint.h>" nogil:
+
+    # 7.18.1 Integer types
+    # 7.18.1.1 Exact-width integer types
+    ctypedef   signed char  int8_t
+    ctypedef   signed short int16_t
+    ctypedef   signed int   int32_t
+    ctypedef   signed long  int64_t
+    ctypedef unsigned char  uint8_t
+    ctypedef unsigned short uint16_t
+    ctypedef unsigned int   uint32_t
+    ctypedef unsigned long long uint64_t
+    # 7.18.1.2 Minimum-width integer types
+    ctypedef   signed char  int_least8_t
+    ctypedef   signed short int_least16_t
+    ctypedef   signed int   int_least32_t
+    ctypedef   signed long  int_least64_t
+    ctypedef unsigned char  uint_least8_t
+    ctypedef unsigned short uint_least16_t
+    ctypedef unsigned int   uint_least32_t
+    ctypedef unsigned long long uint_least64_t
+    # 7.18.1.3 Fastest minimum-width integer types
+    ctypedef   signed char  int_fast8_t
+    ctypedef   signed short int_fast16_t
+    ctypedef   signed int   int_fast32_t
+    ctypedef   signed long  int_fast64_t
+    ctypedef unsigned char  uint_fast8_t
+    ctypedef unsigned short uint_fast16_t
+    ctypedef unsigned int   uint_fast32_t
+    ctypedef unsigned long long uint_fast64_t
+    # 7.18.1.4 Integer types capable of holding object pointers
+    ctypedef ssize_t intptr_t
+    ctypedef  size_t uintptr_t
+    # 7.18.1.5 Greatest-width integer types
+    ctypedef signed   long long intmax_t
+    ctypedef unsigned long long uintmax_t
+
+    # 7.18.2 Limits of specified-width integer types
+    # 7.18.2.1 Limits of exact-width integer types
+    int8_t   INT8_MIN
+    int16_t  INT16_MIN
+    int32_t  INT32_MIN
+    int64_t  INT64_MIN
+    int8_t   INT8_MAX
+    int16_t  INT16_MAX
+    int32_t  INT32_MAX
+    int64_t  INT64_MAX
+    uint8_t  UINT8_MAX
+    uint16_t UINT16_MAX
+    uint32_t UINT32_MAX
+    uint64_t UINT64_MAX
+    #7.18.2.2 Limits of minimum-width integer types
+    int_least8_t     INT_LEAST8_MIN
+    int_least16_t   INT_LEAST16_MIN
+    int_least32_t   INT_LEAST32_MIN
+    int_least64_t   INT_LEAST64_MIN
+    int_least8_t     INT_LEAST8_MAX
+    int_least16_t   INT_LEAST16_MAX
+    int_least32_t   INT_LEAST32_MAX
+    int_least64_t   INT_LEAST64_MAX
+    uint_least8_t   UINT_LEAST8_MAX
+    uint_least16_t UINT_LEAST16_MAX
+    uint_least32_t UINT_LEAST32_MAX
+    uint_least64_t UINT_LEAST64_MAX
+    #7.18.2.3 Limits of fastest minimum-width integer types
+    int_fast8_t     INT_FAST8_MIN
+    int_fast16_t   INT_FAST16_MIN
+    int_fast32_t   INT_FAST32_MIN
+    int_fast64_t   INT_FAST64_MIN
+    int_fast8_t     INT_FAST8_MAX
+    int_fast16_t   INT_FAST16_MAX
+    int_fast32_t   INT_FAST32_MAX
+    int_fast64_t   INT_FAST64_MAX
+    uint_fast8_t   UINT_FAST8_MAX
+    uint_fast16_t UINT_FAST16_MAX
+    uint_fast32_t UINT_FAST32_MAX
+    uint_fast64_t UINT_FAST64_MAX
+    #7.18.2.4 Limits of integer types capable of holding object pointers
+    enum:  INTPTR_MIN
+    enum:  INTPTR_MAX
+    enum: UINTPTR_MAX
+    # 7.18.2.5 Limits of greatest-width integer types
+    enum:  INTMAX_MAX
+    enum:  INTMAX_MIN
+    enum: UINTMAX_MAX
+
+    # 7.18.3 Limits of other integer types
+    # ptrdiff_t
+    enum: PTRDIFF_MIN
+    enum: PTRDIFF_MAX
+    # sig_atomic_t
+    enum: SIG_ATOMIC_MIN
+    enum: SIG_ATOMIC_MAX
+    # size_t
+    size_t SIZE_MAX
+    # wchar_t
+    enum: WCHAR_MIN
+    enum: WCHAR_MAX
+    # wint_t
+    enum: WINT_MIN
+    enum: WINT_MAX

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/stdio.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# 7.19 Input/output <stdio.h>
+
+
+# deprecated cimports for backwards compatibility:
+from libc.string cimport const_char, const_void
+
+
+cdef extern from "<stdio.h>" nogil:
+
+    ctypedef struct FILE
+    cdef FILE *stdin
+    cdef FILE *stdout
+    cdef FILE *stderr
+
+    enum: FOPEN_MAX
+    enum: FILENAME_MAX
+    FILE *fopen   (const char *filename, const char  *opentype)
+    FILE *freopen (const char *filename, const char *opentype, FILE *stream)
+    FILE *fdopen  (int fdescriptor, const char *opentype)
+    int  fclose   (FILE *stream)
+    int  remove   (const char *filename)
+    int  rename   (const char *oldname, const char *newname)
+    FILE *tmpfile ()
+
+    int remove (const char *pathname)
+    int rename (const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
+
+    enum: _IOFBF
+    enum: _IOLBF
+    enum: _IONBF
+    int setvbuf (FILE *stream, char *buf, int mode, size_t size)
+    enum: BUFSIZ
+    void setbuf (FILE *stream, char *buf)
+
+    size_t fread  (void *data, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream)
+    size_t fwrite (const void *data, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream)
+    int    fflush (FILE *stream)
+
+    enum: EOF
+    void clearerr (FILE *stream)
+    int feof      (FILE *stream)
+    int ferror    (FILE *stream)
+
+    enum: SEEK_SET
+    enum: SEEK_CUR
+    enum: SEEK_END
+    int      fseek  (FILE *stream, long int offset, int whence)
+    void     rewind (FILE *stream)
+    long int ftell  (FILE *stream)
+
+    ctypedef struct fpos_t
+    ctypedef const fpos_t const_fpos_t "const fpos_t"
+    int fgetpos (FILE *stream, fpos_t *position)
+    int fsetpos (FILE *stream, const fpos_t *position)
+
+    int scanf    (const char *template, ...)
+    int sscanf   (const char *s, const char *template, ...)
+    int fscanf   (FILE *stream, const char *template, ...)
+
+    int printf   (const char *template, ...)
+    int sprintf  (char *s, const char *template, ...)
+    int snprintf (char *s, size_t size, const char *template, ...)
+    int fprintf  (FILE *stream, const char *template, ...)
+
+    void perror  (const char *message)
+
+    char *gets  (char *s)
+    char *fgets (char *s, int count, FILE *stream)
+    int getchar ()
+    int fgetc   (FILE *stream)
+    int getc    (FILE *stream)
+    int ungetc  (int c, FILE *stream)
+
+    int puts    (const char *s)
+    int fputs   (const char *s, FILE *stream)
+    int putchar (int c)
+    int fputc   (int c, FILE *stream)
+    int putc    (int c, FILE *stream)
+
+    size_t getline(char **lineptr, size_t *n, FILE *stream)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/stdlib.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# 7.20 General utilities <stdlib.h>
+
+# deprecated cimports for backwards compatibility:
+from libc.string cimport const_char, const_void
+
+
+cdef extern from "<stdlib.h>" nogil:
+
+    # 7.20.1 Numeric conversion functions
+    int atoi (const char *string)
+    long atol (const char *string)
+    long long atoll (const char *string)
+    double atof (const char *string)
+    long strtol (const char *string, char **tailptr, int base)
+    unsigned long int strtoul (const char *string, char **tailptr, int base)
+    long long int strtoll (const char *string, char **tailptr, int base)
+    unsigned long long int strtoull (const char *string, char **tailptr, int base)
+    float strtof (const char *string, char **tailptr)
+    double strtod (const char *string, char **tailptr)
+    long double strtold (const char *string, char **tailptr)
+
+    # 7.20.2 Pseudo-random sequence generation functions
+    enum: RAND_MAX
+    int rand ()
+    void srand (unsigned int seed)
+
+    # 7.20.3 Memory management functions
+    void *calloc (size_t count, size_t eltsize)
+    void free (void *ptr)
+    void *malloc (size_t size)
+    void *realloc (void *ptr, size_t newsize)
+
+    # 7.20.4 Communication with the environment
+    enum: EXIT_FAILURE
+    enum: EXIT_SUCCESS
+    void exit (int status)
+    void _exit (int status)
+    int atexit (void (*function) ())
+    void abort ()
+    char *getenv (const char *name)
+    int system (const char *command)
+
+    #7.20.5 Searching and sorting utilities
+    void *bsearch (const void *key, const void *array,
+                   size_t count, size_t size,
+                   int (*compare)(const void *, const void *))
+    void qsort (void *array, size_t count, size_t size,
+                int (*compare)(const void *, const void *))
+
+    # 7.20.6 Integer arithmetic functions
+    int abs (int number)
+    long int labs (long int number)
+    long long int llabs (long long int number)
+    ctypedef struct div_t:
+        int quot
+        int rem
+    div_t div (int numerator, int denominator)
+    ctypedef struct ldiv_t:
+        long int quot
+        long int rem
+    ldiv_t ldiv (long int numerator, long int denominator)
+    ctypedef struct lldiv_t:
+        long long int quot
+        long long int rem
+    lldiv_t lldiv (long long int numerator, long long int denominator)
+
+
+    # 7.20.7 Multibyte/wide character conversion functions
+    # XXX TODO
+
+    # 7.20.8 Multibyte/wide string conversion functions
+    # XXX TODO

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/string.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# 7.21 String handling <string.h>
+
+cdef extern from *:
+    # deprecated backwards compatibility declarations
+    ctypedef const char const_char "const char"
+    ctypedef const signed char const_schar "const signed char"
+    ctypedef const unsigned char const_uchar "const unsigned char"
+    ctypedef const void const_void "const void"
+
+cdef extern from "<string.h>" nogil:
+
+    void *memcpy  (void *pto, const void *pfrom, size_t size)
+    void *memmove (void *pto, const void *pfrom, size_t size)
+    void *memset  (void *block, int c, size_t size)
+    int  memcmp   (const void *a1, const void *a2, size_t size)
+    void *memchr  (const void *block, int c, size_t size)
+
+    void *memchr  (const void *block, int c, size_t size)
+    void *memrchr (const void *block, int c, size_t size)
+
+    size_t strlen   (const char *s)
+    char   *strcpy  (char *pto, const char *pfrom)
+    char   *strncpy (char *pto, const char *pfrom, size_t size)
+    char   *strdup  (const char *s)
+    char   *strndup (const char *s, size_t size)
+    char   *strcat  (char *pto, const char *pfrom)
+    char   *strncat (char *pto, const char *pfrom, size_t size)
+
+    int strcmp (const char *s1, const char *s2)
+    int strcasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2)
+    int strncmp (const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t size)
+    int strncasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n)
+
+    int    strcoll (const char *s1, const char *s2)
+    size_t strxfrm (char *pto, const char *pfrom, size_t size)
+
+    char *strerror (int errnum)
+
+    char *strchr  (const char *string, int c)
+    char *strrchr (const char *string, int c)
+
+    char *strstr     (const char *haystack, const char *needle)
+    char *strcasestr (const char *haystack, const char *needle)
+
+    size_t strcspn (const char *string, const char *stopset)
+    size_t strspn  (const char *string, const char *set)
+    char * strpbrk (const char *string, const char *stopset)
+
+    char *strtok (char *newstring, const char *delimiters)
+    char *strsep (char **string_ptr, const char *delimiter)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/libc/time.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_date_and_time_functions
+
+from libc.stddef cimport wchar_t
+
+cdef extern from "<time.h>" nogil:
+    ctypedef long clock_t
+    ctypedef long time_t
+
+    enum: CLOCKS_PER_SEC
+    clock_t clock()             # CPU time
+    time_t  time(time_t *)      # wall clock time since Unix epoch
+
+    cdef struct tm:
+        int  tm_sec
+        int  tm_min
+        int  tm_hour
+        int  tm_mday
+        int  tm_mon
+        int  tm_year
+        int  tm_wday
+        int  tm_yday
+        int  tm_isdst
+        # GNU specific extensions
+        #char *tm_zone
+        #long tm_gmtoff
+
+    int     daylight            # global state
+    long    timezone
+    char    *tzname[2]
+    void    tzset()
+
+    char    *asctime(const tm *)
+    char    *asctime_r(const tm *, char *)
+    char    *ctime(const time_t *)
+    char    *ctime_r(const time_t *, char *)
+    double  difftime(time_t, time_t)
+    tm      *getdate(const char *)
+    tm      *gmtime(const time_t *)
+    tm      *gmtime_r(const time_t *, tm *)
+    tm      *localtime(const time_t *)
+    tm      *localtime_r(const time_t *, tm *)
+    time_t  mktime(tm *)
+    size_t  strftime(char *, size_t, const char *, const tm *)
+    size_t  wcsftime(wchar_t *str, size_t cnt, const wchar_t *fmt, tm *time)
+
+    # POSIX not stdC
+    char    *strptime(const char *, const char *, tm *)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/posix/__init__.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# empty file

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/posix/fcntl.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/fcntl.h.html
+
+from posix.types cimport mode_t, off_t, pid_t
+
+cdef extern from "<fcntl.h>" nogil:
+
+    enum: F_DUPFD
+    enum: F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
+    enum: F_GETFD
+    enum: F_SETFD
+    enum: F_GETFL
+    enum: F_SETFL
+    enum: F_GETLK
+    enum: F_SETLK
+    enum: F_SETLKW
+    enum: F_GETOWN
+    enum: F_SETOWN
+
+    enum: FD_CLOEXEC
+
+    enum: F_RDLCK
+    enum: F_UNLCK
+    enum: F_WRLCK
+
+    enum: SEEK_SET
+    enum: SEEK_CUR
+    enum: SEEK_END
+
+    enum: O_CLOEXEC
+    enum: O_CREAT
+    enum: O_DIRECT
+    enum: O_DIRECTORY
+    enum: O_EXCL
+    enum: O_NOCTTY
+    enum: O_TRUNC
+    enum: O_TTY_INIT
+
+    enum: O_APPEND
+    enum: O_DSYNC
+    enum: O_NONBLOCK
+    enum: O_RSYNC
+    enum: O_SYNC
+
+    enum: O_ACCMODE # O_RDONLY|O_WRONLY|O_RDWR
+
+    enum: O_EXEC
+    enum: O_RDONLY
+    enum: O_WRONLY
+    enum: O_RDWR
+    enum: O_SEARCH
+
+    enum: AT_FDCWD
+    enum: AT_EACCESS
+    enum: AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
+    enum: AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW
+    enum: AT_REMOVEDIR
+
+    enum: S_IFMT
+    enum: S_IFBLK
+    enum: S_IFCHR
+    enum: S_IFIFO
+    enum: S_IFREG
+    enum: S_IFDIR
+    enum: S_IFLNK
+    enum: S_IFSOCK
+
+    enum: POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED
+    enum: POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE
+    enum: POSIX_FADV_NORMAL
+    enum: POSIX_FADV_RANDOM
+    enum: POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL
+    enum: POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED
+
+    struct flock:
+        short l_type
+        short l_whence
+        off_t l_start
+        off_t l_len
+        pid_t l_pid
+
+    int creat(const char *, mode_t)
+    int fcntl(int, int, ...)
+    int open(const char *, int, ...)
+    int openat(int, const char *, int, ...)
+    int posix_fadvise(int, off_t, off_t, int)
+    int posix_fallocate(int, off_t, off_t)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/posix/mman.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_mman.h.html
+# https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/mmap.2.html
+# https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mmap&sektion=2
+
+from posix.types cimport off_t, mode_t
+
+cdef extern from "<sys/mman.h>" nogil:
+    enum: PROT_EXEC                 # protection bits for mmap/mprotect
+    enum: PROT_READ
+    enum: PROT_WRITE
+    enum: PROT_NONE
+
+    enum: MAP_PRIVATE               # flag bits for mmap
+    enum: MAP_SHARED
+    enum: MAP_FIXED
+    enum: MAP_ANON                  # These three are not in POSIX, but are
+    enum: MAP_ANONYMOUS             # fairly common in spelling/semantics
+    enum: MAP_STACK
+
+    enum: MAP_LOCKED                # Typically available only on Linux
+    enum: MAP_HUGETLB
+    enum: MAP_POPULATE
+    enum: MAP_NORESERVE
+    enum: MAP_GROWSDOWN
+
+    enum: MAP_NOCORE                #  Typically available only on BSD
+    enum: MAP_NOSYNC
+
+    void *MAP_FAILED
+
+    void *mmap(void *addr, size_t Len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t off)
+    int   munmap(void *addr, size_t Len)
+    int   mprotect(void *addr, size_t Len, int prot)
+
+    enum: MS_ASYNC
+    enum: MS_SYNC
+    enum: MS_INVALIDATE
+    int   msync(void *addr, size_t Len, int flags)
+
+    enum: POSIX_MADV_NORMAL         # POSIX advice flags
+    enum: POSIX_MADV_SEQUENTIAL
+    enum: POSIX_MADV_RANDOM
+    enum: POSIX_MADV_WILLNEED
+    enum: POSIX_MADV_DONTNEED
+    int   posix_madvise(void *addr, size_t Len, int advice)
+
+    enum: MCL_CURRENT
+    enum: MCL_FUTURE
+    int   mlock(const void *addr, size_t Len)
+    int   munlock(const void *addr, size_t Len)
+    int   mlockall(int flags)
+    int   munlockall()
+    # Linux-specific
+    enum: MLOCK_ONFAULT
+    enum: MCL_ONFAULT
+    int   mlock2(const void *addr, size_t len, int flags)
+
+    int shm_open(const char *name, int oflag, mode_t mode)
+    int shm_unlink(const char *name)
+
+    # often available
+    enum: MADV_NORMAL               # pre-POSIX advice flags; should translate 1-1 to POSIX_*
+    enum: MADV_RANDOM               # but in practice it is not always the same.
+    enum: MADV_SEQUENTIAL
+    enum: MADV_WILLNEED
+    enum: MADV_DONTNEED
+    enum: MADV_REMOVE               # other pre-POSIX advice flags; often available
+    enum: MADV_DONTFORK
+    enum: MADV_DOFORK
+    enum: MADV_HWPOISON
+    enum: MADV_MERGEABLE,
+    enum: MADV_UNMERGEABLE
+    enum: MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE
+    enum: MADV_HUGEPAGE
+    enum: MADV_NOHUGEPAGE
+    enum: MADV_DONTDUMP
+    enum: MADV_DODUMP
+    enum: MADV_FREE
+    enum: MADV_WIPEONFORK
+    enum: MADV_KEEPONFORK
+    int   madvise(void *addr, size_t Len, int advice)
+
+    # sometimes available
+    int   mincore(void *addr, size_t Len, unsigned char *vec)
+
+    # These two are Linux specific but sometimes very efficient
+    void *mremap(void *old_addr, size_t old_len, size_t new_len, int flags, ...)
+    int   remap_file_pages(void *addr, size_t Len, int prot,
+                           size_t pgoff, int flags)
+
+    # The rare but standardized typed memory option
+    enum: POSIX_TYPED_MEM_ALLOCATE
+    enum: POSIX_TYPED_MEM_ALLOCATE_CONTIG
+    enum: POSIX_TYPED_MEM_MAP_ALLOCATABLE
+    int posix_typed_mem_open(const char *name, int oflag, int tflag)
+    int posix_mem_offset(const void *addr, size_t Len, off_t *off,
+                         size_t *contig_len, int *fildes)
+
+    cdef struct posix_typed_mem_info:
+        size_t posix_tmi_length
+    int posix_typed_mem_get_info(int fildes, posix_typed_mem_info *info)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/posix/signal.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# 7.14 Signal handling <signal.h>
+
+from posix.types cimport pid_t, sigset_t, uid_t
+
+cdef extern from "<signal.h>" nogil:
+
+    cdef union sigval:
+        int  sival_int
+        void *sival_ptr
+
+    cdef struct sigevent:
+        int    sigev_notify
+        int    sigev_signo
+        sigval sigev_value
+        void   sigev_notify_function(sigval)
+
+    ctypedef struct siginfo_t:
+        int    si_signo
+        int    si_code
+        int    si_errno
+        pid_t  si_pid
+        uid_t  si_uid
+        void   *si_addr
+        int    si_status
+        long   si_band
+        sigval si_value
+
+    cdef struct sigaction_t "sigaction":
+        void     sa_handler(int)
+        void     sa_sigaction(int, siginfo_t *, void *)
+        sigset_t sa_mask
+        int      sa_flags
+
+    ctypedef struct stack_t:
+        void  *ss_sp
+        int ss_flags
+        size_t ss_size
+
+    enum: SA_NOCLDSTOP
+    enum: SIG_BLOCK
+    enum: SIG_UNBLOCK
+    enum: SIG_SETMASK
+    enum: SA_ONSTACK
+    enum: SA_RESETHAND
+    enum: SA_RESTART
+    enum: SA_SIGINFO
+    enum: SA_NOCLDWAIT
+    enum: SA_NODEFER
+    enum: SS_ONSTACK
+    enum: SS_DISABLE
+    enum: MINSIGSTKSZ
+    enum: SIGSTKSZ
+
+    enum: SIGEV_NONE
+    enum: SIGEV_SIGNAL
+    enum: SIGEV_THREAD
+    enum: SIGEV_THREAD_ID
+
+
+    int          kill          (pid_t, int)
+    int          killpg        (pid_t, int)
+    int          sigaction     (int, const sigaction_t *, sigaction_t *)
+    int          sigpending    (sigset_t *)
+    int          sigprocmask   (int, const sigset_t *, sigset_t *)
+    int          sigsuspend    (const sigset_t *)
+
+    int          sigaddset     (sigset_t *, int)
+    int          sigdelset     (sigset_t *, int)
+    int          sigemptyset   (sigset_t *)
+    int          sigfillset    (sigset_t *)
+    int          sigismember   (const sigset_t *, int)
+
+    int sigaltstack(const stack_t *, stack_t *)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/posix/stdio.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# POSIX additions to <stdio.h>.
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdio.h.html
+
+from libc.stdio cimport FILE
+from libc.stddef cimport wchar_t
+from posix.types cimport off_t
+
+cdef extern from "<stdio.h>" nogil:
+    # File descriptors
+    FILE *fdopen(int, const char *)
+    int fileno(FILE *)
+
+    # Pipes
+    FILE *popen(const char *, const char *)
+    int pclose(FILE *)
+
+    # Memory streams (POSIX.2008)
+    FILE *fmemopen(void *, size_t, const char *)
+    FILE *open_memstream(char **, size_t *)
+    FILE *open_wmemstream(wchar_t **, size_t *)
+
+    # Seek and tell with off_t
+    int fseeko(FILE *, off_t, int)
+    off_t ftello(FILE *)
+
+    # Locking (for multithreading)
+    void flockfile(FILE *)
+    int ftrylockfile(FILE *)
+    void funlockfile(FILE *)
+    int getc_unlocked(FILE *)
+    int getchar_unlocked()
+    int putc_unlocked(int, FILE *)
+    int putchar_unlocked(int)
+
+    # Reading lines and records (POSIX.2008)
+    ssize_t getline(char **, size_t *, FILE *)
+    ssize_t getdelim(char **, size_t *, int, FILE *)

tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/Cython/Includes/posix/stdlib.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# POSIX additions to <stdlib.h>
+# https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdlib.h.html
+
+cdef extern from "<stdlib.h>" nogil:
+    void   _Exit(int)
+    double drand48()
+    double erand48(unsigned short *)
+    int    getsubopt(char **, char *const *, char **)
+    void   lcong48(unsigned short *)
+    long   lrand()
+    char  *mkdtemp(char *)
+    int    mkstemp(char *)
+    long   mrand()
+    long   nrand48(unsigned short *)
+    int    posix_memalign(void **, size_t, size_t)
+    int    posix_openpt(int)
+    char  *ptsname(int)
+    int    putenv(char *)
+    int    rand_r(unsigned *)
+    long   random()
+    char  *realpath(const char *, char *)
+    unsigned short *seed48(unsigned short *)
+    int    setenv(const char *, const char *, int)
+    void   setkey(const char *)
+    char  *setstate(char *)
+    void   srand48(long)
+    void   srandom(unsigned)
+    int    unlockpt(int)
+    int    unsetenv(const char *)