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  ---
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  library_name: transformers
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- tags: []
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
 
 
 
 
 
 
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- # Model Card for Model ID
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-
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- <!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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-
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- ## Model Details
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-
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- ### Model Description
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- <!-- Provide a longer summary of what this model is. -->
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- This is the model card of a 🤗 transformers model that has been pushed on the Hub. This model card has been automatically generated.
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-
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- - **Developed by:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Funded by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Shared by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Model type:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Language(s) (NLP):** [More Information Needed]
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- - **License:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Finetuned from model [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ### Model Sources [optional]
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- <!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
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- - **Repository:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Paper [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Demo [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ## Uses
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-
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- <!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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- ### Direct Use
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- <!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ### Downstream Use [optional]
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- <!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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-
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- ### Out-of-Scope Use
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-
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- <!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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- <!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Recommendations
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- <!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
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- Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.
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- ## How to Get Started with the Model
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- Use the code below to get started with the model.
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Training Details
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- ### Training Data
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- <!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Training Procedure
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- <!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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- #### Preprocessing [optional]
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Training Hyperparameters
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- - **Training regime:** [More Information Needed] <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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- #### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
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- <!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Evaluation
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- <!-- This section describes the evaluation protocols and provides the results. -->
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- ### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
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- #### Testing Data
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- <!-- This should link to a Dataset Card if possible. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Factors
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- <!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Metrics
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- <!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Results
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Summary
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- ## Model Examination [optional]
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- <!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Environmental Impact
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- <!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
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- Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- - **Hardware Type:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Hours used:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Cloud Provider:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Compute Region:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Carbon Emitted:** [More Information Needed]
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- ## Technical Specifications [optional]
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- ### Model Architecture and Objective
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- ### Compute Infrastructure
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- #### Hardware
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- #### Software
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- ## Citation [optional]
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- <!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
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- **BibTeX:**
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- [More Information Needed]
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- **APA:**
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Glossary [optional]
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- <!-- If relevant, include terms and calculations in this section that can help readers understand the model or model card. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## More Information [optional]
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- ## Model Card Authors [optional]
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Model Card Contact
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- [More Information Needed]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
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  library_name: transformers
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+ license: other
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+ license_name: lfm1.0
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+ license_link: LICENSE
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+ language:
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+ - en
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+ - ar
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+ - zh
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+ - fr
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+ - de
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+ - ja
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+ - ko
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+ - es
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+ - pt
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+ - it
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+ pipeline_tag: text-generation
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+ tags:
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+ - liquid
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+ - lfm2.5
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+ - edge
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+ - heretic
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+ - uncensored
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+ - decensored
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+ - abliterated
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+ - reproducible
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+ base_model: LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M-Base
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  ---
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+ # This is a decensored version of [LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M), made using [Heretic](https://heretic-project.org) v1.4.0
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+
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+ > [!TIP]
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+ > **This model is reproducible!**
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+ >
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+ > See the [README](reproduce/README.md) in the `reproduce` directory for more information.
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+ ## Abliteration parameters
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+
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+ | Parameter | Value |
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+ | :-------- | :---: |
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+ | **direction_index** | 10.63 |
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+ | **attn.o_proj.max_weight** | 1.35 |
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+ | **attn.o_proj.max_weight_position** | 8.18 |
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+ | **attn.o_proj.min_weight** | 0.01 |
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+ | **attn.o_proj.min_weight_distance** | 7.49 |
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+ | **mlp.down_proj.max_weight** | 0.97 |
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+ | **mlp.down_proj.max_weight_position** | 8.14 |
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+ | **mlp.down_proj.min_weight** | 0.55 |
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+ | **mlp.down_proj.min_weight_distance** | 5.29 |
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+
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+ ## Performance
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+
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+ | Metric | This model | Original model ([LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M)) |
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+ | :----- | :--------: | :---------------------------: |
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+ | **KL divergence** | 0.0652 | 0 *(by definition)* |
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+ | **Refusals** | 4/100 | 95/100 |
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+
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+ -----
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+
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+
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+ <div align="center">
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+ <img
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+ src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/2b08LKpev0DNEk6DlnWkY.png"
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+ alt="Liquid AI"
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+ style="width: 100%; max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;"
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+ />
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+ <div style="display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
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+ <a href="https://playground.liquid.ai/"><strong>Try LFM</strong></a> •
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+ <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/getting-started/welcome"><strong>Docs</strong></a> •
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+ <a href="https://leap.liquid.ai/"><strong>LEAP</strong></a> •
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+ <a href="https://discord.com/invite/liquid-ai"><strong>Discord</strong></a>
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+ </div>
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+ </div>
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+
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+ # LFM2.5-230M
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+
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+ LFM2.5 is a family of hybrid models designed for **on-device deployment**. It builds on the LFM2 architecture with extended pre-training and reinforcement learning.
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+
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+ - **Our most compact model yet**: 230M parameters that punch above their weight, bringing real capability to the tightest memory and compute budgets.
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+ - **Fast edge inference**: Best throughput from low-cost CPUs to production GPUs, running at 213 tok/s decode speed on Galaxy S25 Ultra and 42 tok/s on a Raspberry Pi 5.
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+ - **Built for agentic tasks**: Distilled from LFM2.5-350M and refined with multi-stage reinforcement learning, making it well-suited for tool use and data extraction.
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+
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+ Find more information about LFM2.5-230M in our [blog post](https://www.liquid.ai/blog/lfm2-5-230m).
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+
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+ ![lfm2_5_230m_benchmarks](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/4UpNxlgfKjfgT5ByIVph0.png)
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+
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+ ## 🗒️ Model Details
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+
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+ | Model | Parameters | Description |
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+ |-------|------------|-------------|
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+ | [LFM2.5-230M-Base](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M-Base) | 230M | Pre-trained base model for fine-tuning |
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+ | [**LFM2.5-230M**](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M) | 230M | General-purpose instruction-tuned model |
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+
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+ LFM2.5-230M is a general-purpose text-only model with the following features:
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+ - **Number of parameters**: 230M
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+ - **Number of layers**: 14 (8 double-gated LIV convolution blocks + 6 GQA blocks)
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+ - **Training budget**: 19T tokens
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+ - **Context length**: 32,768 tokens
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+ - **Vocabulary size**: 65,536
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+ - **Knowledge cutoff**: Mid-2024
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+ - **Languages**: English, Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish
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+ - **Generation parameters**:
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+ - `temperature: 0.1`
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+ - `top_k: 50`
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+ - `repetition_penalty: 1.05`
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+
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+ | Model | Description |
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+ |-------|-------------|
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+ | [**LFM2.5-230M**](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M) | Original model checkpoint in native format. Best for fine-tuning or inference with Transformers, vLLM, and SGLang. |
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+ | [LFM2.5-230M-GGUF](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M-GGUF) | Quantized format for llama.cpp and compatible tools. Optimized for edge inference and local deployment. |
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+ | [LFM2.5-230M-ONNX](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M-ONNX) | ONNX Runtime format for cross-platform deployment. |
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+ | [LFM2.5-230M-MLX](https://huggingface.co/LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M-MLX-8bit) | MLX format for Apple Silicon. Optimized for fast inference on Mac devices. |
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+
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+ We recommend using it for data extraction and lightweight on-device agentic pipelines. It is not recommended for reasoning-heavy workloads such as advanced math, code generation, or creative writing.
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+
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+ ### Chat Template
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+
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+ LFM2.5 uses a ChatML-like format. See the [Chat Template documentation](https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/key-concepts/chat-template) for details. Example:
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+
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+ ```
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+ <|startoftext|><|im_start|>system
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+ You are a helpful assistant trained by Liquid AI.<|im_end|>
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+ <|im_start|>user
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+ What is C. elegans?<|im_end|>
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+ <|im_start|>assistant
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+ ```
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+
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+ You can use [`tokenizer.apply_chat_template()`](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/chat_templating#using-applychattemplate) to format your messages automatically.
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+
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+ ### Tool Use
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+
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+ LFM2.5 supports function calling in four steps:
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+
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+ 1. **Function definition**: Provide the list of tools as a JSON object in the system prompt, or use [`tokenizer.apply_chat_template()`](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/chat_extras#passing-tools) with `tools=...`.
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+ 2. **Function call**: By default, LFM2.5 writes Pythonic function calls (a Python list between `<|tool_call_start|>` and `<|tool_call_end|>` special tokens), as the assistant answer. You can override this behavior by asking the model to output JSON function calls in the system prompt.
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+ 3. **Function execution**: Execute the call and return the result with the `tool` role.
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+ 4. **Final answer**: LFM2.5 interprets the tool output and returns a plain-text answer addressing the original prompt.
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+
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+ See the [Tool Use documentation](https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/key-concepts/tool-use) for the full guide. Example:
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+
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+ ```
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+ <|startoftext|><|im_start|>system
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+ List of tools: [{"name": "get_candidate_status", "description": "Retrieves the current status of a candidate in the recruitment process", "parameters": {"type": "object", "properties": {"candidate_id": {"type": "string", "description": "Unique identifier for the candidate"}}, "required": ["candidate_id"]}}]<|im_end|>
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+ <|im_start|>user
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+ What is the current status of candidate ID 12345?<|im_end|>
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+ <|im_start|>assistant
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+ <|tool_call_start|>[get_candidate_status(candidate_id="12345")]<|tool_call_end|>Checking the current status of candidate ID 12345.<|im_end|>
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+ <|im_start|>tool
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+ [{"candidate_id": "12345", "status": "Interview Scheduled", "position": "Clinical Research Associate", "date": "2023-11-20"}]<|im_end|>
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+ <|im_start|>assistant
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+ The candidate with ID 12345 is currently in the "Interview Scheduled" stage for the position of Clinical Research Associate, with an interview date set for 2023-11-20.<|im_end|>
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## 🏃 Inference
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+
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+ LFM2.5 is supported by many inference frameworks. See the [Inference documentation](https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/inference/transformers) for the full list.
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+
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+ | Name | Description | Docs | Notebook |
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+ |------|-------------|------|:--------:|
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+ | [Transformers](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers) | Simple inference with direct access to model internals. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/inference/transformers">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1_q3jQ6LtyiuPzFZv7Vw8xSfPU5FwkKZY?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
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+ | [vLLM](https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm) | High-throughput production deployments with GPU. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/inference/vllm">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1VfyscuHP8A3we_YpnzuabYJzr5ju0Mit?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
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+ | [llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp) | Cross-platform inference with CPU offloading. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/inference/llama-cpp">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1ohLl3w47OQZA4ELo46i5E4Z6oGWBAyo8?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
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+ | [MLX](https://github.com/ml-explore/mlx) | Apple's machine learning framework optimized for Apple Silicon. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/inference/mlx">Link</a> | — |
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+ | [LM Studio](https://lmstudio.ai/) | Desktop application for running LLMs locally. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/inference/lm-studio">Link</a> | — |
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+ | [SGLang](https://github.com/sgl-project/sglang) | High-throughput production deployments with GPU. | <a href="https://lmsysorg.mintlify.app/cookbook/autoregressive/LiquidAI/LFM2.5">Link</a> | - </a> |
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+
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+
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+ Quick start with Transformers (compatible with `transformers>=5.0.0`):
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer, TextStreamer
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+
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+ model_id = "LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M"
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+ model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
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+ model_id,
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+ device_map="auto",
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+ dtype="bfloat16",
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+ # attn_implementation="flash_attention_2" <- uncomment on compatible GPU
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+ )
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+ tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
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+ streamer = TextStreamer(tokenizer, skip_prompt=True, skip_special_tokens=True)
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+
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+ prompt = "What is C. elegans?"
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+
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+ input_ids = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
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+ [{"role": "user", "content": prompt}],
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+ add_generation_prompt=True,
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+ return_tensors="pt",
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+ tokenize=True,
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+ )["input_ids"].to(model.device)
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+
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+ output = model.generate(
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+ input_ids,
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+ do_sample=True,
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+ temperature=0.1,
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+ top_k=50,
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+ repetition_penalty=1.05,
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+ max_new_tokens=512,
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+ streamer=streamer,
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+ )
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## 🔧 Fine-Tuning
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+
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+ We recommend fine-tuning LFM2.5 for your specific use case to achieve the best results.
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+
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+ | Name | Description | Docs | Notebook |
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+ |------|-------------|------|----------|
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+ | CPT ([Unsloth](https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth)) | Continued Pre-Training using Unsloth for text completion. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/fine-tuning/unsloth">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/10fm7eNMezs-DSn36mF7vAsNYlOsx9YZO?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
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+ | CPT ([Unsloth](https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth)) | Continued Pre-Training using Unsloth for translation. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/fine-tuning/unsloth">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1gaP8yTle2_v35Um8Gpu9239fqbU7UgY8?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
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+ | SFT ([Unsloth](https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth)) | Supervised Fine-Tuning with LoRA using Unsloth. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/fine-tuning/unsloth">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1vGRg4ksRj__6OLvXkHhvji_Pamv801Ss?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
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+ | SFT ([TRL](https://github.com/huggingface/trl)) | Supervised Fine-Tuning with LoRA using TRL. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/fine-tuning/trl">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1j5Hk_SyBb2soUsuhU0eIEA9GwLNRnElF?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
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+ | DPO ([TRL](https://github.com/huggingface/trl)) | Direct Preference Optimization with LoRA using TRL. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/fine-tuning/trl">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1MQdsPxFHeZweGsNx4RH7Ia8lG8PiGE1t?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
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+ | GRPO ([Unsloth](https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth)) | GRPO with LoRA using Unsloth. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/fine-tuning/unsloth">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1mIikXFaGvcW4vXOZXLbVTxfBRw_XsXa5?usp=sharing"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
215
+ | GRPO ([TRL](https://github.com/huggingface/trl)) | GRPO with LoRA using TRL. | <a href="https://docs.liquid.ai/lfm/fine-tuning/trl">Link</a> | <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/Liquid4All/cookbook/blob/main/finetuning/notebooks/grpo_for_verifiable_tasks.ipynb"><img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/vlOyMEjwHa_b_LXysEu2E.png" width="110" alt="Colab link"></a> |
216
+
217
+ ## 📊 Performance
218
+
219
+ ### Benchmarks
220
+
221
+ | Model | GPQA Diamond | MMLU-Pro | IFEval | IFBench | Multi-IF |
222
+ |---|---|---|---|---|---|
223
+ | **LFM2.5-230M** | 25.41 | 20.25 | 71.71 | 38.40 | 37.70 |
224
+ | LFM2.5-350M | 30.64 | 20.01 | 76.96 | 40.69 | 44.92 |
225
+ | LFM2-350M | 27.58 | 19.29 | 64.96 | 18.20 | 32.92 |
226
+ | Granite 4.0-H-350M | 22.32 | 13.14 | 61.27 | 17.22 | 28.70 |
227
+ | Granite 4.0-350M | 25.91 | 12.84 | 53.48 | 15.98 | 24.21 |
228
+ | Qwen3.5-0.8B (Instruct) | 27.41 | 37.42 | 59.94 | 22.87 | 41.68 |
229
+ | Gemma 3 1B IT | 23.89 | 14.04 | 63.49 | 20.33 | 44.25 |
230
+
231
+ | Model | CaseReportBench | BFCLv3 | BFCLv4 | τ²-Bench Telecom | τ²-Bench Retail |
232
+ |---|---|---|---|---|---|
233
+ | **LFM2.5-230M** | 22.51 | 43.26 | 21.03 | 5.26 | 13.68 |
234
+ | LFM2.5-350M | 32.45 | 44.11 | 21.86 | 18.86 | 17.84 |
235
+ | LFM2-350M | 11.67 | 22.95 | 12.29 | 10.82 | 5.56 |
236
+ | Granite 4.0-H-350M | 12.44 | 43.07 | 13.28 | 13.74 | 6.14 |
237
+ | Granite 4.0-350M | 0.84 | 39.58 | 13.73 | 2.92 | 6.14 |
238
+ | Qwen3.5-0.8B (Instruct) | 13.83 | 35.08 | 18.70 | 12.57 | 6.14 |
239
+ | Gemma 3 1B IT | 2.28 | 16.61 | 7.17 | 9.36 | 6.43 |
240
+
241
+ ### CPU Inference
242
+
243
+ ![image](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/TCR-MfPtX3YTPvRzxWcG3.png)
244
+
245
+ ### GPU Inference
246
+
247
+ ![image](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/61b8e2ba285851687028d395/emlcz4gf2wendPhKQWEBN.png)
248
+
249
+ ## 📬 Contact
250
+
251
+ - Got questions or want to connect? [Join our Discord community](https://discord.com/invite/liquid-ai)
252
+ - If you are interested in custom solutions with edge deployment, please contact [our sales team](https://www.liquid.ai/contact).
253
+
254
+ ## Citation
255
+
256
+ ```bibtex
257
+ @article{liquidAI2026230M,
258
+ author = {Liquid AI},
259
+ title = {LFM2.5-230M: Built to Run Anywhere},
260
+ journal = {Liquid AI Blog},
261
+ year = {2026},
262
+ note = {www.liquid.ai/blog/lfm2-5-230m},
263
+ }
264
+ ```
265
+ ```bibtex
266
+ @article{liquidai2025lfm2,
267
+ title={LFM2 Technical Report},
268
+ author={Liquid AI},
269
+ journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.23404},
270
+ year={2025}
271
+ }
272
+ ```