"""
Phase 1: Extract Cell Embeddings
Demonstrates how to load GeneMamba and extract cell embeddings for downstream analysis.

Usage:
    python examples/1_extract_embeddings.py
"""

import torch
import numpy as np
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel


def main():
    print("=" * 80)
    print("GeneMamba Phase 1: Extract Cell Embeddings")
    print("=" * 80)
    
    # ============================================================
    # Step 1: Load pretrained model and tokenizer
    # ============================================================
    print("\n[Step 1] Loading model and tokenizer...")
    
    # For this example, we use a local model path
    # In practice, you would use: "username/GeneMamba-24l-512d"
    model_name = "GeneMamba-24l-512d"  # Change to HF Hub path when available
    
    try:
        tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
            model_name,
            trust_remote_code=True,
            local_files_only=True  # Try local first
        )
        model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(
            model_name,
            trust_remote_code=True,
            local_files_only=True
        )
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Note: Could not load from '{model_name}': {e}")
        print("Using mock data for demonstration...")
        
        # For demonstration without actual checkpoint
        from configuration_genemamba import GeneMambaConfig
        from modeling_genemamba import GeneMambaModel
        
        config = GeneMambaConfig(
            vocab_size=25426,
            hidden_size=512,
            num_hidden_layers=24,
            embedding_pooling="mean",
        )
        model = GeneMambaModel(config)
        tokenizer = None
    
    device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
    model = model.to(device)
    model.eval()
    
    print(f"✓ Model loaded on device: {device}")
    print(f"✓ Model config: hidden_size={model.config.hidden_size}, "
          f"num_layers={model.config.num_hidden_layers}")
    
    # ============================================================
    # Step 2: Prepare simulated single-cell data
    # ============================================================
    print("\n[Step 2] Preparing sample data...")
    
    batch_size = 8
    seq_len = 2048
    vocab_size = 25426
    
    # Simulate ranked gene sequences
    # In practice, this would come from your scRNA-seq data
    # Genes should be ranked by expression (highest first)
    input_ids = torch.randint(2, vocab_size, (batch_size, seq_len)).to(device)
    
    print(f"✓ Created sample input:")
    print(f"  - Batch size: {batch_size}")
    print(f"  - Sequence length: {seq_len}")
    print(f"  - Input shape: {input_ids.shape}")
    
    # ============================================================
    # Step 3: Inference - Extract embeddings
    # ============================================================
    print("\n[Step 3] Extracting cell embeddings...")
    
    with torch.no_grad():
        outputs = model(input_ids, output_hidden_states=False)
    
    # Get the pooled embedding (cell representation)
    cell_embeddings = outputs.pooled_embedding
    
    print(f"✓ Extraction complete!")
    print(f"  - Cell embeddings shape: {cell_embeddings.shape}")
    print(f"  - Pooling method used: {outputs.embedding_pooling}")
    print(f"  - Embedding type: {cell_embeddings.dtype}")
    
    # ============================================================
    # Step 4: Example downstream analyses
    # ============================================================
    print("\n[Step 4] Example downstream uses...")
    
    # Example 1: Clustering (KMeans)
    from sklearn.cluster import KMeans
    n_clusters = 3
    kmeans = KMeans(n_clusters=n_clusters, n_init=10)
    clusters = kmeans.fit_predict(cell_embeddings.cpu().numpy())
    print(f"✓ Clustering: Assigned {len(np.unique(clusters))} clusters")
    
    # Example 2: Dimensionality reduction (PCA)
    from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
    pca = PCA(n_components=2)
    embedding_2d = pca.fit_transform(cell_embeddings.cpu().numpy())
    print(f"✓ PCA reduction: {cell_embeddings.shape} → {embedding_2d.shape}")
    
    # Example 3: Similarity search
    # Find the most similar cell to the first cell
    similarities = torch.nn.functional.cosine_similarity(
        cell_embeddings[0:1],
        cell_embeddings
    )
    most_similar_idx = torch.argmax(similarities).item()
    print(f"✓ Similarity search: Most similar cell to cell 0 is cell {most_similar_idx} "
          f"(similarity: {similarities[most_similar_idx]:.4f})")
    
    # Example 4: Statistics
    print("\n[Step 5] Embedding statistics:")
    print(f"  - Mean: {cell_embeddings.mean(dim=0).norm():.4f}")
    print(f"  - Std: {cell_embeddings.std(dim=0).mean():.4f}")
    print(f"  - Min: {cell_embeddings.min():.4f}")
    print(f"  - Max: {cell_embeddings.max():.4f}")
    
    # ============================================================
    # Step 6: Save embeddings (optional)
    # ============================================================
    print("\n[Step 6] Saving embeddings...")
    
    np.save("cell_embeddings.npy", cell_embeddings.cpu().numpy())
    print("✓ Embeddings saved to 'cell_embeddings.npy'")
    
    print("\n" + "=" * 80)
    print("Phase 1 Complete!")
    print("=" * 80)
    
    return model, cell_embeddings


if __name__ == "__main__":
    model, embeddings = main()