Source-1 Copyright 2026 The Source-1 Authors Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (see the LICENSE file, or https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0). The Source-1 Authors are listed in the AUTHORS file. This NOTICE has four parts and one appendix: 1. Base model: mmBERT-base (MIT License) 2. How the training scores were made 3. Data credits 4. Contact and removal requests Appendix A. World Bank works (CC BY 3.0 IGO) ================================================================================ 1. BASE MODEL: mmBERT-base (MIT License) ================================================================================ Source-1 is fine-tuned from mmBERT-base (https://huggingface.co/jhu-clsp/mmBERT-base), published by jhu-clsp (the mmBERT authors at Johns Hopkins University CLSP) under the MIT License. mmBERT is described in Marone et al., "mmBERT: A Modern Multilingual Encoder with Annealed Language Learning", arXiv:2509.06888. The upstream repository publishes no copyright line, so none is reproduced here. Changes made by the Source-1 Authors (2026-10-03): all encoder weights were further trained, and scoring heads (heads.safetensors) were added. The encoder weights are published in bfloat16 (model.safetensors, the default) and in float32 (model.fp32.safetensors). The tokenizer is mmBERT's. mmBERT's tokenizer is based on the Gemma 2 tokenizer by Google. See the Gemma Terms of Use: https://ai.google.dev/gemma/terms MIT License (mmBERT-base): Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. ================================================================================ 2. HOW THE TRAINING SCORES WERE MADE ================================================================================ Source-1 was fine-tuned on scores produced by an open-weight 27B LLM teacher scoring a 13-field rubric (3 labels, 5 quality scores, 3 red flags and 2 gated scores). Every training target is a teacher score; no human labels were used. The teacher's weights are not part of this release. Source-1 was evaluated with an independent proprietary LLM grader, used for evaluation only: the grader's outputs were never used as training targets or training data, and the shipped drop line was chosen by a fixed rule on the teacher's labels. On the held-out set the grader was given the same instructions as the teacher. Grades and reviews by proprietary LLMs, among them the grader's model family, did inform some design choices (the rubric revision, the choice of teacher and its prompt on the exam sets, the candidate drop lines and which collections were filtered out); see the development note in README.md and "Independence from development" in EVALUATION.md. ================================================================================ 3. DATA CREDITS ================================================================================ This part covers the documents in Source-1's training and validation splits: 159,829 documents (182,639 text chunks). The documents were inputs to be scored; their scores came from the teacher described in part 2. No training text is distributed with Source-1: the release contains model weights and code only. The credits below follow what each license or publisher asks for. Every work listed under a Creative Commons license was modified: it was used to train a classifier. Credit for each individual work belongs to the authors and publishers named in it. Naming a source does not suggest that its authors, publishers or licensors endorse Source-1 or any use of it. Each book is credited under the licence recorded for it by the platform it came from, except three works whose own text states an IGO licence (see 3.8). Before training, rules applied to each source's terms and to each document's own text kept 19,720 documents out of the training and validation splits. Source-1 was not trained on them, and they are not credited here. They include: sources whose terms limit use to research or that carry no dataset licence (DCLM-baseline, raw Common Crawl WET pages); Stack v2 Edu, whose upstream terms are gated; YouTube transcripts and a corpus of third-party social media posts; French public data under the Licence Ouverte; books and other documents whose own text states NonCommercial (NC) or NoDerivatives (ND) terms, reserves all rights or forbids reproduction without permission, or reserves text-and-data-mining or AI-training rights; books deposited in HAL whose own text states no open licence; web pages under NC or ND terms, and pages on sites that re-host other people's documents; and code whose licence or file header is copyleft, proprietary or not on a permissive allow-list. Every book in the open-books part of the training data that is not public domain or CC0 is also credited individually in the file CREDITS_BOOKS.tsv, which is part of this notice: title, authors, language, licence and source URL. Where a work's own text asks to be cited or attributed in a particular way, the file gives that citation or attribution: FAO's "Required citation", OpenStax's attribution request, the citations requested by Eurydice, JRC and other EU reports, and those of some other books and reports (university presses, Frontiers ebooks, research and project reports). The World Bank works are credited in Appendix A. Books and book chapters that came through Common Pile v0.1 (DOAB, Pressbooks, LibreTexts, OER Commons) are credited at collection level in 3.5. License links used below: ODC-By 1.0 https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1-0/ CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC BY 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC BY 2.5 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ CC BY 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ CC BY 3.0 IGO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/ CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ CC BY-SA 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ CC BY-SA 2.5 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ CC0 1.0 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Apache-2.0 https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 MIT https://opensource.org/license/mit OPL v3.0 https://www.parliament.uk/site-information/copyright-parliament/open-parliament-licence/ Common Crawl Terms of Use https://commoncrawl.org/terms-of-use 3.1 Open Data Commons Attribution License (ODC-By 1.0) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contains information from the following databases, which are made available under the ODC Attribution License (https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1-0/): - FineWeb https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceFW/fineweb - FineWeb-2 (including its removed-documents part) https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-2 - FinePDFs https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs - FineWeb-Edu Llama 3 annotations https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu-llama3-annotations - FineTranslations https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceFW/finetranslations - FineMath https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceTB/finemath - Cosmopedia v2 (SmolLM-Corpus) https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceTB/smollm-corpus - C4 (en.noclean) https://huggingface.co/datasets/allenai/c4 - OpenWebMath https://huggingface.co/datasets/open-web-math/open-web-math - WildChat-1M https://huggingface.co/datasets/allenai/WildChat-1M 3.2 Common Crawl -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Much of the web text comes from Common Crawl (https://commoncrawl.org): through FineWeb, FineWeb-2, FinePDFs, FineMath, OpenWebMath, C4 and FineTranslations. Use was subject to the Common Crawl Terms of Use (https://commoncrawl.org/terms-of-use). The text of each page belongs to its owners. 3.3 Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Modified: used to train a classifier. - EUR-Lex resources, CC BY 4.0 (see also 3.7). https://huggingface.co/datasets/joelniklaus/eurlex_resources - Sangraha, synthetic part (AI4Bharat), CC BY 4.0. Machine translations of English Wikipedia text (Wikipedia contributors, CC BY-SA). https://huggingface.co/datasets/ai4bharat/sangraha - PubMed Central Open Access Subset (U.S. National Library of Medicine), articles under CC BY, credited to the authors named in each article. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov - Wikinews (Wikinews contributors), CC BY 4.0; the German edition CC BY 2.5. The Arabic, Persian, French and Swedish editions are listed under 3.4. https://www.wikinews.org - Common Corpus (PleIAs), documents marked CC-By: open-access articles from OpenAlex and arXiv, EUR-Lex and Eurovoc documents of the European Union (see 3.7), and German political speeches, each under the license stated by its source. https://huggingface.co/datasets/PleIAs/common_corpus - Common Pile v0.1, documents under CC BY 2.5 / 3.0 / 4.0 (see 3.5). - Open-access books, each credited to the authors and publishers named in it, under the licence the platform records for it: Language Science Press (CC BY 4.0) https://langsci-press.org OpenStax (Rice University), editions released under CC BY 4.0, credited as each book asks, in most of them to "OpenStax and its content contributors" (the wording for each book: CREDITS_BOOKS.tsv) https://openstax.org OAPEN Library (CC BY 2.0 / 3.0 / 4.0, as stated for each book) https://library.oapen.org Directory of Open Access Books (CC BY 4.0) https://directory.doabooks.org HAL open archive (CC BY 4.0) https://hal.science Arabic E-Book Corpus, Hindawi Foundation, books under CC BY 4.0 https://www.hindawi.org EU Publications Office books: see 3.7. FAO books and the works under IGO licences: see 3.8. Per-work credits for all of these books: CREDITS_BOOKS.tsv. 3.4 Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Modified: used to train a classifier. - Wikipedia (Wikipedia contributors), CC BY-SA 4.0 and CC BY-SA 3.0, also available under the GNU Free Documentation License. With thanks to Wikipedia's volunteer editors. Through https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceFW/finewiki (August 2025 dumps) and https://huggingface.co/datasets/wikimedia/wikipedia (English). - Wikipedia talk-page comments (Wikipedia contributors), CC BY-SA 3.0, through https://huggingface.co/datasets/OxAISH-AL-LLM/wiki_toxic - Wikisource (Wikisource contributors), CC BY-SA 4.0; the dump used is published under CC BY-SA 3.0 and the GFDL. The works themselves are public domain or freely licensed. https://wikisource.org and https://huggingface.co/datasets/wikimedia/wikisource - Wikibooks (Wikibooks contributors), CC BY-SA 4.0 (older revisions CC BY-SA 3.0). https://www.wikibooks.org - Wikinews, Arabic, Persian, French and Swedish editions (Wikinews contributors), CC BY-SA 4.0. https://www.wikinews.org - databricks-dolly-15k (Databricks), CC BY-SA 3.0. https://huggingface.co/datasets/databricks/databricks-dolly-15k - HC3, wiki_csai subset (Hello-SimpleAI), CC BY-SA 4.0. https://huggingface.co/datasets/Hello-SimpleAI/HC3 - Stack Exchange (Stack Exchange contributors), CC BY-SA 2.5 / 3.0 / 4.0, through Common Pile v0.1 (see 3.5). - Kanripo (Kanseki Repository) transcriptions of premodern Chinese texts, CC BY-SA 4.0. https://github.com/kanripo - NDLA (Norwegian Digital Learning Arena) learning resources, CC BY-SA 4.0. https://ndla.no - Deutsches Textarchiv (DTA core corpus), CC BY-SA 4.0 as stated in each item's TEI header. https://www.deutschestextarchiv.de - Common Corpus (PleIAs), documents marked CC-By-SA. https://huggingface.co/datasets/PleIAs/common_corpus - Common Pile v0.1, documents under CC BY-SA 2.5 / 3.0 / 4.0 (see 3.5). - Open-access books under CC BY-SA 3.0 / 4.0 from the OAPEN Library, the Directory of Open Access Books and HAL, each credited to the authors and publishers named in it. Per-work credits for these books and Wikibooks pages: CREDITS_BOOKS.tsv. 3.5 Common Pile v0.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Includes documents from the Common Pile v0.1 (Kandpal et al., 2025, "The Common Pile v0.1: An 8TB Dataset of Public Domain and Openly Licensed Text"; https://huggingface.co/common-pile), each under the open license recorded in its metadata (public domain, CC0, CC BY, CC BY-SA, the Open Parliament Licence, or a permissive software license). Collections used: arXiv abstracts and papers, Biodiversity Heritage Library, Caselaw Access Project, Data Provenance Initiative, Directory of Open Access Books, Foodista, GitHub Archive, LibreTexts, Library of Congress, News, OERCommons, peS2o, pre-1929 books, Pressbooks, Project Gutenberg, Public Domain Review, Python Enhancement Proposals, Regulations.gov, Stack Exchange, Ubuntu IRC, UK Hansard, USGPO, USPTO and WikiTeam wikis. Modified (for the documents under a Creative Commons license): used to train a classifier. 3.6 UK Parliament (Open Parliament Licence) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0. (UK Hansard, through Common Pile v0.1.) 3.7 European Union -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - EUR-Lex. Legal documents from EUR-Lex (https://eur-lex.europa.eu), © European Union, 1998-2026, re-used under the Commission's document reuse policy, Decision 2011/833/EU. Obtained through EUR-Lex resources (https://huggingface.co/datasets/joelniklaus/eurlex_resources), and through Common Corpus (collections "Eurlex" and "Eurovoc", recorded there as CC-By; https://huggingface.co/datasets/PleIAs/common_corpus). - European Parliament. Plenary debates from the Europarl corpus v10 (https://www.statmt.org/europarl/). © European Union - Source: European Parliament (https://www.europarl.europa.eu). - Publications Office of the European Union. Books from https://op.europa.eu, © European Union. The reuse policy of European Commission documents is implemented by Commission Decision 2011/833/EU; these books are re-used under CC BY 4.0. Modified: used to train a classifier. Where a book asks to be cited in a particular way (Eurydice, JRC and some other reports), CREDITS_BOOKS.tsv gives that citation. - VoxPopuli European Parliament speech transcripts (CC0 1.0), through Common Corpus. 3.8 International organizations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- World Bank (CC BY 3.0 IGO). Includes works of The World Bank, licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/). Each work is credited in Appendix A as its copyright page asks. Modified: used to train a classifier. This credit does not suggest that The World Bank endorses Source-1 or its use. To the extent that Source-1 is regarded as an adaptation of these works: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank. (One work in Appendix A is a joint OECD and World Bank publication; its own adaptation notice is given there.) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), CC BY 4.0. Includes books from https://openknowledge.fao.org, copyright as stated in each book (mostly © FAO), under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. Modified: used to train a classifier. The citation FAO asks for ("Required citation") is given in CREDITS_BOOKS.tsv for every FAO book whose text carries one (114 of the 115). There is no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services, including Source-1. To the extent that Source-1 is regarded as an adaptation of these works: "This adaptation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this adaptation. The original editions shall be the authoritative editions." Inter-American Development Bank (CC BY 3.0 IGO). Includes one book published by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and deposited in HAL: Allen Blackman, Eduardo Cavallo, Bridget Hoffmann and Adrien Vogt-Schilb (eds.), "Peril and Promise: Tackling Climate Change in Latin America and the Caribbean", Inter-American Development Bank, 2025 (ISBN 978-1-59782-574-0, digital edition; https://shs.hal.science/halshs-04977766v1), licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/legalcode), as its own text states (HAL records CC BY 4.0). Also credited in CREDITS_BOOKS.tsv. Modified: used to train a classifier. The IDB's name is used here only to credit the IDB, and no IDB logo is used. This credit does not suggest that the IDB endorses Source-1 or its use. UNESCO (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO). Includes two books published by or with UNESCO and deposited in HAL, credited in the form UNESCO's terms of use for its open access publications ask for: - Cléo Lossouarn et al. / Water, Megacities and Global Change / ISBN 978-92-3-100161-1 – licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO. (© UNESCO / ARCEAU IdF 2016; https://enpc.hal.science/hal-01449109v1) - David C. Andolfatto and Thomas Schrom (eds.) / The Restoration of Mangal Bahudvara Caitya. A Tashi Gomang Stupa / ISBN 978-9937-9301-6-1 – licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO. (© UNESCO 2021; https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03900987v1) Each book's own text states the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/); HAL records CC BY-SA 4.0. Also credited in CREDITS_BOOKS.tsv, which lists the authors HAL records. Only the books' text was used. Modified: used to train a classifier. No UNESCO logo is used, and this credit does not suggest that UNESCO endorses Source-1 or its use. To the extent that Source-1 is regarded as an adaptation of these works: Source-1 is not an official UNESCO publication and shall not be considered as such. 3.9 Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- No document under the Licence Ouverte is in Source-1's training or validation splits: the French public data in Common Corpus and the books deposited in HAL under this licence were removed before training. 3.10 Other sources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - HPLT v2.0, cleaned (https://huggingface.co/datasets/HPLT/HPLT2.0_cleaned). HPLT does not own the text from which these data were extracted; it licenses the packaging under CC0 1.0 and runs a notice-and-takedown policy. - Apache-2.0: OpenAssistant oasst2 (https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenAssistant/oasst2); Aya Dataset (https://huggingface.co/datasets/CohereLabs/aya_dataset); Cosmopedia (https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceTB/cosmopedia); Meta Kaggle Code notebooks by Kaggle, through https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceTB/issues-kaggle-notebooks - MIT: RAID (https://huggingface.co/datasets/liamdugan/raid); hh-rlhf (Bai et al., 2022, "Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback", arXiv:2204.05862). - Source code under permissive licenses (MIT, Apache-2.0, BSD-2-Clause, BSD-3-Clause, ISC, CC0-1.0, Unlicense), as recorded for each file's repository, from https://huggingface.co/datasets/codeparrot/github-code-clean, https://huggingface.co/datasets/codeparrot/github-code, https://huggingface.co/datasets/bigcode/commitpackft, https://huggingface.co/datasets/bigcode/commitpack, and the Common Pile v0.1 GitHub Archive collection. Copyright in each file stays with its authors. - CC0 1.0 and public domain, with thanks: Civil Comments (https://huggingface.co/datasets/google/civil_comments); PleIAs Post-OCR-Correction (https://huggingface.co/datasets/PleIAs/Post-OCR-Correction); Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org); the public-domain and CC0 collections of Common Pile v0.1 and Common Corpus (court decisions, laws and parliamentary papers from Brazil, China, Denmark, Germany, Korea, Russia and the United States; Brazilian Chamber of Deputies speeches; VoxPopuli; open-access articles); CC0 articles from PubMed Central; and public-domain or CC0 books from Wikisource, the National Diet Library of Japan (https://lab.ndl.go.jp), DBNL (https://dbnl.org), Project Ben-Yehuda (https://benyehuda.org), the Hindawi Foundation, the Norwegian Colossal Corpus (National Library of Norway, through NbAiLab), PleIAs Ukrainian cultural-heritage books (Internet Archive) and HAL. ================================================================================ 4. CONTACT AND REMOVAL REQUESTS ================================================================================ Questions about these credits, corrections, and removal or opt-out requests: open a discussion in the Community tab of the model repository, https://huggingface.co/msmth/Source-1/discussions. If your request involves personal information, open a discussion without the details and we will arrange a private way to reach us. We review every request and, where the content is in our training data, exclude it from future versions; published weights cannot be changed. ================================================================================ APPENDIX A. WORLD BANK WORKS (CC BY 3.0 IGO) ================================================================================ Each entry is the attribution the work's copyright page asks for, followed by its record in the World Bank Open Knowledge Repository. Modified: used to train a classifier. See 3.8 for the adaptation notice and https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ for the license. A01. Alam, Muneeza Mehmood, and Lisa Bagnoli. 2024. Ten Thousand Steps in Her Shoes: The Role of Public Transport in Women’s Economic Empowerment. Middle East and North Africa Development Report Series. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-46482091-5. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/41786 A02. Alsharkas, Zeina, Jean Michel N. Marchat, Enrique Aldaz-Carroll, and Ana Goicoechea. 2026. Competing in the Face of Climate Risks: Evidence from Firms and Policy Priorities in MENAAP. Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan Development Report. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-2335-0. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/45042 A03. Arévalo-Sánchez, Inés, Janet Heisey, Sarang Chaudhary, Timothy Clay, Victoria Strokova, Puja Vasudeva Dutta, and Colin Andrews. 2024. The State of Economic Inclusion Report 2024: Pathways to Scale. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-2076-2. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/42408 A04. Bachas, Pierre, Oyebola Okunogbe, Mahvish Shaukat, and Dario Tortarolo. 2026. Raising Revenue Right: A Roadmap for Domestic Resource Mobilization. Policy Research Report. World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-2034-2. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/45448 A05. Bandlien, Einar H., Sander De Kruijf, Eilen Arctander Vik, Ole Fredrik Ekern, Johan Bernhard Siqueland Knudsen, Geoffrey Dyce, Silvana Tordo, and François Bertone. 2024. Water Management in Oil and Gas Operations: Industry Practice and Policy Guidelines for Developing Countries. International Development in Focus. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-2047-2. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/41055 A06. Begazo, Tania, Moussa P. Blimpo, and Mark A. Dutz. 2023. Digital Africa: Technological Transformation for Jobs. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 978-1-4648-1737-3. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39491 A07. Beylis, Guillermo, Roberto Fattal Jaef, Michael Morris, Ashwini Rekha Sebastian, and Rishabh Sinha. 2020. Going Viral: COVID-19 and the Accelerated Transformation of Jobs in Latin America and the Caribbean. World Bank Latin American and Caribbean Studies. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1448-8. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34413 A08. Borgomeo, Edoardo, Claire Chase, Nicolas Salazar Godoy, and Victor Osei Kwadwo. 2023. Rising from the Depths: Water Security and Fragility in South Sudan. International Development in Focus. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1943-8. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/38379 A09. Bossavie, Laurent, and Daniel Garrote-Sánchez. 2022. Safe and Productive Migration from the Kyrgyz Republic: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Development in Focus. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1905-6. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/38290 A10. Chapman, Emily Weedon, and Margaux Vinez, eds. 2023. Working Today for a Better Tomorrow in Ethiopia: Jobs for Poor and Vulnerable Households. International Development in Focus. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-2020-5. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/40801 A11. Chatain, Pierre-Laurent, Emile van der Does de Willebois, and Maud Bökkerink. 2022. Preventing Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing: A Practical Guide for Bank Supervisors. Second edition. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1851-6. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37726 A12. Chrimes, Tommy, Bram Gootjes, M. Ayhan Kose, and Collette Wheeler. 2024. The Great Reversal: Prospects, Risks, and Policies in International Development Association (IDA) Countries. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-2145-5. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/41403 A13. Corsi, Anna, and Harris Selod. 2023. Land Matters: Can Better Governance and Management of Scarcity Prevent a Looming Crisis in the Middle East and North Africa? Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1661-1. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/38384 A14. Cruz, Marcio, ed. 2024. Digital Opportunities in African Businesses. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-2088-5. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/41447 A15. Dalhuijsen, Emma, Eva Gutierrez, Tatsiana Kliatskova, Rachel Mok, and Martijn Gert Jan Regelink. 2023. Greening National Development Financial Institutions: Trends, Lessons Learned, and Ways Forward. International Development in Focus. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-2031-1. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/40432 A16. Damania, Richard, Ebad Ebadi, Kentaro Mayr, Jason Russ, and Esha Zaveri. 2025. Reboot Development: The Economics of a Livable Planet. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-2271-1. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/43522 A17. de Nicola, Francesca, Aaditya Mattoo, and Jonathan Timmis. 2025. Firm Foundations of Growth: Productivity and Technology in East Asia and Pacific. East Asia and Pacific Development Studies. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-2200-1. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/43128 A18. Didier, Tatiana, and Ana Paula Cusolito. 2024. Unleashing Productivity through Firm Financing. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1939-1. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/42194 A19. Fernandes, Ana Margarida, and Tristan Reed. 2026. Industrial Policy for Development: Approaches in the 21st Century. Policy Research Reports. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-2276-6. 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