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---
tags:
- pyannote
- audio
- voice
- speech
- speaker
- speaker-recognition
- speaker-verification
- speaker-identification
- speaker-embedding
datasets:
- voxceleb
license: mit
inference: false
---

## pyannote.audio // speaker embedding

Relies on pyannote.audio 2.0 currently in development: see [installation instructions](https://github.com/pyannote/pyannote-audio/tree/develop#installation).

This model is based on the [canonical x-vector TDNN-based architecture](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8461375), but with filter banks replaced with [trainable SincNet features](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8639585). See [`XVectorSincNet`](https://github.com/pyannote/pyannote-audio/blob/3c988c028dc505c64fe776720372f6fe816b585a/pyannote/audio/models/embedding/xvector.py#L104-L169) architecture for implementation detalis.


## Support

For commercial enquiries and scientific consulting, please contact [me](mailto:herve@niderb.fr).  
For [technical questions](https://github.com/pyannote/pyannote-audio/discussions) and [bug reports](https://github.com/pyannote/pyannote-audio/issues), please check [pyannote.audio](https://github.com/pyannote/pyannote-audio) Github repository.


## Basic usage

```python
from pyannote.audio import Inference
inference = Inference("pyannote/embedding", window="whole")
embedding1 = inference("speaker1.wav")
embedding2 = inference("speaker2.wav")
# `embeddingX` is (1 x D) numpy array extracted from the file as a whole.

from scipy.spatial.distance import cdist
distance = cdist(embedding1, embedding2, metric="cosine")[0,0]
# `distance` is a `float` describing how dissimilar speakers 1 and 2 are.
```

Using cosine distance directly, this model reaches 2.8% equal error rate (EER) on VoxCeleb 1 test set.   
This is without voice activity detection (VAD) nor probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA).
Expect even better results when adding one of those.

## Advanced usage

### Running on GPU

```python
inference = Inference("pyannote/embedding", window="whole", device="cuda")
embedding = inference("audio.wav")
```

### Extract embedding from an excerpt

```python
from pyannote.audio import Inference, Segment
inference = Inference("pyannote/embedding",
                      window="whole")
excerpt = Segment(13.37, 19.81)
embedding = inference.crop("audio.wav", excerpt)
# `embedding` is (1 x D) numpy array extracted from the file excerpt.
```

### Extract embeddings using a sliding window

```python
from pyannote.audio import Inference
inference = Inference("pyannote/embedding", 
                      window="sliding",
                      duration=3.0, step=1.0)
embeddings = inference("audio.wav")
# `embeddings` is a (N x D) pyannote.core.SlidingWindowFeature
# `embeddings[i]` is the embedding of the ith position of the 
# sliding window, i.e. from [i * step, i * step + duration].
```


## Citation

```bibtex
@inproceedings{Bredin2020,
  Title = {{pyannote.audio: neural building blocks for speaker diarization}},
  Author = {{Bredin}, Herv{\'e} and {Yin}, Ruiqing and {Coria}, Juan Manuel and {Gelly}, Gregory and {Korshunov}, Pavel and {Lavechin}, Marvin and {Fustes}, Diego and {Titeux}, Hadrien and {Bouaziz}, Wassim and {Gill}, Marie-Philippe},
  Booktitle = {ICASSP 2020, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing},
  Address = {Barcelona, Spain},
  Month = {May},
  Year = {2020},
}
```

```bibtex
@inproceedings{Coria2020,
    author="Coria, Juan M. and Bredin, Herv{\'e} and Ghannay, Sahar and Rosset, Sophie",
    editor="Espinosa-Anke, Luis and Mart{\'i}n-Vide, Carlos and Spasi{\'{c}}, Irena",
    title="{A Comparison of Metric Learning Loss Functions for End-To-End Speaker Verification}",
    booktitle="Statistical Language and Speech Processing",
    year="2020",
    publisher="Springer International Publishing",
    pages="137--148",
    isbn="978-3-030-59430-5"
}
```