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| title: "Moose Cree" |
| author: "Emily Strand" |
| bibliography: crm.bib |
| output: html_document |
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| Last updated: 2019-10-28 |
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| **SLIGHTLY COMPROMISED: /h/ represented orthographically only when contrast is required** |
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| # Background |
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| **Language Family:** Algic / Algonquian / Central / Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi |
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| * Moose Cree is spoken in Ontario, Canada. |
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| # Phonology |
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| ## Consonants |
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| * /r/ appears in loanwords [@Ellis2000, p. 468]. |
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| ```{r echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, warning=FALSE, results = 'asis'} |
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| library(dplyr) |
| library(knitr) |
| library(kableExtra) |
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| consonants <- read.table(textConnection(' |
| "Manner of Articulation" Labial Alveolar Postalveolar Palatal Velar Glottal |
| Stops "p" "t" "" "" "k" "" |
| Affricates "" "" "tʃ" "" "" "" |
| Fricatives "" "s" "ʃ" "" "" "h" |
| Nasals "m" "n" "" "" "" "" |
| Approximants "w" "l" "" "j" "" "" |
| '), TRUE) |
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| kable(consonants, col.names = c("Manner of Articulation", "Labial", "Alveolar", "Postalveolar", "Palatal", "Velar", "Glottal"), align = 'c') %>% |
| kable_styling("bordered") %>% |
| add_header_above(c("", "Place of Articulation" = 6)) %>% |
| column_spec(1, bold = TRUE) |
| ``` |
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| ## Vowels |
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| * Vowel length is contrastive in Moose Cree. A small dot atop each character indicates length [@gaudry2005]. |
| - Notice that /e/ is always long (a dot is never affixed to the character). |
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| ```{r echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, warning=FALSE, results = 'asis'} |
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| vowels <- read.table(textConnection(' |
| Front Central Back |
| High "i iː" "" "" |
| Mid "eː" "" "o oː" |
| Low "" "a aː" "" |
| '), TRUE) |
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| kable(vowels, align = 'c') %>% |
| kable_styling("bordered") %>% |
| column_spec(1, bold = TRUE) %>% |
| footnote(general = "Note: The vowels marked with (ː) are long.", general_title = "") |
| ``` |
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| # Syllabary |
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| * /h/ is said to be included orthographically only when contrast or emphasis is necessary [@Ellis2000, p. 465]. Thus, the language is compromised to some extent. |
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| | ᐃ - /i/ | ᐅ - /o/ | ᐊ - /a/ | ᐁ - /eː/ | Final | |
| |: |
| | ᐱ - /pi/ | ᐳ - /po/ | ᐸ - /pa/ | ᐯ - /peː/ | ᑉ - /p/ | |
| | ᑎ - /ti/ | ᑐ - /to/ | ᑕ - /ta/ | ᑌ - /teː/ | ᑦ - /t/ | |
| | ᑭ - /ki/ | ᑯ - /ko/ | ᑲ - /ka/ | ᑫ - /keː/ | ᒃ - /k/ | |
| | ᒋ - /tʃi/ | ᒍ - /tʃo/ | ᒐ - /tʃa/| ᒉ - /tʃeː/ | ᒡ - /tʃ/ | |
| | ᒥ - /mi/ | ᒧ - /mo/ | ᒪ - /ma/ | ᒣ - /meː/ | ᒻ - /m/ | |
| | ᓂ - /ni/ | ᓄ - /no/ | ᓇ - /na/ | ᓀ - /neː/ | ᓐ - /n/ | |
| | ᓯ - /si/ | ᓱ - /so/ | ᓴ - /sa/ | ᓭ - /seː/ | ᔅ - /s/ | |
| | ᔑ - /ʃi/ | ᔓ - /ʃo/ | ᔕ - /ʃa/ | ᔐ - /ʃeː/ | ᔥ - /ʃ/ | |
| | ᔨ - /ji/ | ᔪ - /jo/ | ᔭ - /ja/ | ᔦ - /jeː/ | ᔾ - /j/ | |
| | ᓕ - /li/ | ᓗ - /lo/ | ᓚ - /la/ | ᓓ - /leː/ | ᓪ - /l/ | |
| | ᐎ - /wi/ | ᐒ - /wo/ | ᐗ - /wa/ | ᐌ - /weː/ | ᐤ - /w/ | |
| | ᐦᐃ - /hi/ | ᐦᐅ - /ho/ | ᐦᐊ - /ha/ | ᐦᐁ - /heː/ | ᐦ - /h/ | |
| | | | | | ᔉ - /sk/ | |
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| * /w/ can also appear between a consonant and a vowel, the transcription of which involves a dot (like in the /w/ + vowel sequence) on the left of any character (ex. ᑄ = /pwa/) [@gaudry2005]. |
| - Based on [@syllabics], which also seems consistent with Crúbadán, /w/ does not appear following /n/ and /h/, except in the sequences /nwa/ and /nwaː/. |
| * A small ring above a word-final syllable indicates /j/; however, Crúbadán doesn't seem to follow this convention, opting for ⟨ᔾ⟩ instead, the convention of which is consistent with the other word-final consonants [@Ellis2000, p. 465]. |
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| # References |
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