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README.md
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# Earth-2 Checkpoints: FourCastNet
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FourCastNet, short for Fourier Forecasting Neural Network, is a global data-driven weather forecasting model that provides accurate short to medium-range global predictions.
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FourCastNet accurately forecasts high-resolution, fast-timescale variables such as the surface wind speed, precipitation, and atmospheric water vapor.
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FourCastNet uses the the Adaptive Fourier Neural Operator (AFNO) archiecture.
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This particular neural network architecture is appealing as it is specifically designed for high-resolution inputs and synthesizes several key recent advances in DL into one model.
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Release Date: October 25, 2023
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This model is ready for commercial/non-commercial use.
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### License/Terms of Use:
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[Apache 2.0 license](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
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### Deployment Geography:
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Global
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### Use Case:
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Industry, academic, and government research teams interested in medium-range and
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subseasonal-to-seasonal weather forecasting, and climate modeling.
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### Reference(s)
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**Papers**:
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- [FourCastNet: A Global Data-driven High-resolution Weather Model using Adaptive Fourier Neural Operators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.11214)
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- [Adaptive Fourier Neural Operators: Efficient Token Mixers for Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.13587)
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- [The ERA5 global reanalysis](https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803)
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**Code**:
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- [PhysicsNeMo](https://github.com/NVIDIA/physicsnemo)
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- [Earth2Studio](https://github.com/NVIDIA/earth2studio)
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## Model Architecture:
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**Architecture Type:** Neural Operator <br>
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**Network Architecture:** Adaptive Fourier Neural Operator <br>
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## Input:
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**Input Type:**
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- Tensor (26 surface and pressure-level variables)
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**Input Format:** PyTorch Tensor <br>
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**Input Parameters:**
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- Six Dimensional (6D) (batch, time, lead time, variable, latitude, longitude) <br>
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**Other Properties Related to Input:**
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- Input equi-rectangular latitude/longitude grid: 0.25 degree 720 x 1440 (south-pole excluding)
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- Input state weather variables: `u10m`, `v10m`, `t2m`, `sp`, `msl`, `t850`, `u1000`,
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`v1000`, `z1000`, `u850`, `v850`, `z850`, `u500`, `v500`, `z500`, `t500`, `z50`,
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`r500`,`r850`,`tcwv`,`u100m`,`v100m`,`u250`,`v250`,`z250`,`t250`
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- Time: datetime64
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For variable name information, review the Lexicon at [Earth2Studio](https://github.com/NVIDIA/earth2studio).
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## Output:
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**Output Type:** Tensor (26 surface and pressure-level variables) <br>
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**Output Format:** Pytorch Tensor <br>
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**Output Parameters:** Six Dimensional (6D) (batch, time, lead time, variable,
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latitude, longitude) <br>
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**Other Properties Related to Output:**
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- Output latitude/longitude grid: 0.25 degree 72 x 1440, same as input.
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- Output state weather variables: same as above.
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Our AI models are designed and/or optimized to run on NVIDIA GPU-accelerated systems.
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By leveraging NVIDIA’s hardware (e.g. GPU cores) and software frameworks (e.g., CUDA
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libraries), the model achieves faster training and inference times compared to
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CPU-only solutions.
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## Software Integration
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**Runtime Engine:** Pytorch <br>
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**Supported Hardware Microarchitecture Compatibility:** <br>
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- NVIDIA Ampere <br>
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- NVIDIA Hopper <br>
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- NVIDIA Turing <br>
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**Supported Operating System:**
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- Linux <br>
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## Model Version
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**Model Version:** v1 <br>
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## Training Dataset
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**Link:** [ERA5](https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/) <br>
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**Data Collection Method by dataset** <br>
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- Automatic/Sensors <br>
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**Labeling Method by dataset** <br>
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- Automatic/Sensors <br>
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**Properties:**
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ERA5 data for the period 1980-2015. ERA5 provides hourly estimates of various
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atmospheric, land, and oceanic climate variables. The data covers the Earth on a 30km
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grid and resolves the atmosphere at 137 levels. <br>
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## Testing Dataset
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**Link:** [ERA5](https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/) <br>
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**Data Collection Method by dataset** <br>
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- Automatic/Sensors <br>
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**Labeling Method by dataset** <br>
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- Automatic/Sensors <br>
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**Properties:**
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ERA5 data for the period 2016-2017. ERA5 provides hourly estimates of various
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atmospheric, land, and oceanic climate variables. The data covers the Earth on a 30km
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grid and resolves the atmosphere at 137 levels. <br>
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## Evaluation Dataset
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**Link:** [ERA5](https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/) <br>
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**Data Collection Method by dataset** <br>
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- Automatic/Sensors <br>
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**Labeling Method by dataset** <br>
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- Automatic/Sensors <br>
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**Properties:**
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ERA5 data for the period 2018-2019. ERA5 provides hourly estimates of various
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atmospheric, land, and oceanic climate variables. The data covers the Earth on a 30km
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grid and resolves the atmosphere at 137 levels. <br>
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## Inference
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**Acceleration Engine:** Pytorch <br>
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**Test Hardware:**
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- A100 <br>
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- H100 <br>
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- L40S <br>
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## Ethical Considerations
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NVIDIA believes Trustworthy AI is a shared responsibility and we have established
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policies and practices to enable development for a wide array of AI applications.
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When downloaded or used in accordance with our terms of service, developers should
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work with their internal model team to ensure this model meets requirements for the
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relevant industry and use case and addresses unforeseen product misuse.
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For more detailed information on ethical considerations for this model, please see the
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Model Card++ Explainability, Bias, Safety & Security, and Privacy Subcards.
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Please report model quality, risk, security vulnerabilities or NVIDIA AI Concerns [here](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/support/submit-security-vulnerability/).
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fcn.zip
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version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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oid sha256:a5e1ec27a8a6ec046ecccb7497ccdbc97045c83fe41f1f62aebf6069f2ff2956
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size 279597868
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