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README.md
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---
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title: Opus Research
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---
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# Opus Research
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Independent research on small language models — pretraining from scratch,
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post-training, and the practical engineering around getting models to run on
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constrained hardware.
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We publish weights, datasets, and methodology, including the parts that did not
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work.
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## Models
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**[opus-1.5](https://huggingface.co/opus-research/opus-1.5)** — 0.88B parameter
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language model pretrained from scratch on 2× RTX 4090. Trained in 42 hours;
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energy use documented in the model card.
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**[opus-2.0](https://huggingface.co/opus-research/opus-2.0)** — successor model,
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targeting a larger parameter count. **Training is currently paused: we do not
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have the compute budget to continue.** The architecture and data pipeline are
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ready; the run is blocked on GPU access rather than on research.
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**[gemma-2-2b-thinking](https://huggingface.co/opus-research/gemma-2-2b-thinking)**
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— experiment in adding explicit chain-of-thought to a base model that lacks it.
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LoRA on Gemma 2 2B, trained on our own reasoning dataset. Training loss 3.56 →
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0.69 over 566 steps. Exploratory; not benchmarked.
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**[bernard-gpt-oss-20b-lora](https://huggingface.co/opus-research/bernard-gpt-oss-20b-lora)**
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— style-transfer LoRA for gpt-oss-20b, a 21B mixture-of-experts model. Notable
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mainly for the training notes: a four-run ablation showing that the checkpoint
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with the *worst* validation loss was the correct one to ship, plus a set of
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gpt-oss-specific engineering gotchas we could not find documented elsewhere.
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## Datasets
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**[opus-thinking-10k](https://huggingface.co/datasets/opus-research/opus-thinking-10k)**
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— ~9,000 chain-of-thought examples, used to train `gemma-2-2b-thinking`.
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**[opus-thinking](https://huggingface.co/datasets/opus-research/opus-thinking)**
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— earlier iteration of the same dataset.
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## What we work on
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- Pretraining small models end-to-end on consumer hardware
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- Post-training: LoRA, style transfer, capability injection
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- Dataset construction and filtering methodology
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- Quantization and CPU inference for models that would otherwise need a
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datacenter
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Our constraint is compute, not ideas. Everything above was produced on consumer
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GPUs, and the ceiling that imposes is the main thing limiting what we publish
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next.
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## Contact
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Open to collaboration, compute partnerships, and grant programs. Reach us
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through the organization page.
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