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arxiv:2605.28816

Gamma-World: Generative Multi-Agent World Modeling Beyond Two Players

Published on May 27
· Submitted by
taesiri
on May 28
#1 Paper of the day
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Abstract

A generative multi-agent world model is presented that uses simplex rotary agent encoding and sparse hub attention to enable scalable, permutation-symmetric interaction between multiple agents in interactive video generation.

AI-generated summary

World models for interactive video generation have largely focused on single-agent settings, where future observations are generated from a single control signal. However, many generated environments require multi-agent interaction: multiple players, robots, or embodied agents act simultaneously within a shared space. Scaling world models to such settings requires a principled multi-agent design: agents should remain independently controllable, permutation-symmetric, and support efficient inference while maintaining consistency across time and perspectives. In this paper, we present our generative multi-agent world model for interactive simulation. It introduces Simplex Rotary Agent Encoding, a parameter-free extension of 3D RoPE that represents agents as vertices of a regular simplex in rotary angle space. This gives each agent a distinct phase while making all agents permutation-equivalent, enabling scalable agent identity without learned per-slot identities or a fixed agent ordering. To avoid dense all-to-all attention across agents, we further propose Sparse Hub Attention, where learnable hub tokens mediate token interaction across agents, reducing cross-agent attention cost from quadratic to linear in the number of agents. For real-time rollout, we distill a full-context diffusion teacher into a causal student that generates temporal blocks sequentially with KV caching, enabling action-responsive generation at 24 FPS. Experiments in multiplayer virtual environments show that our model improves video fidelity, action controllability, and inter-agent consistency over slot-based and dense-attention baselines, while generalizing from two to four players without additional training.

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Paper submitter

Gamma-World is a generative multi-agent world model that uses Simplex Rotary Agent Encoding and Sparse Hub Attention for efficient, scalable, and action-conditioned interactive simulations.

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