arxiv:2609.24306

Jevons' Paradox and Fast Generative Simulation for HEP: Why Realistic Benchmarking is Essential

Published on Sep 21

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Abstract

Fast generative models can greatly accelerate calorimeter simulation in high-energy physics, but realistic efficiency metrics are needed to address Jevons' paradox as detector granularity and data demands grow.

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Simulation is a major computational expense in HEP, and calorimeter simulation in particular drives the overall energy cost of our physics analyses. Future detectors will contain more finely grained calorimeters than ever, and their data analyses will demand unprecedented simulated statistics. Fast generative models redefine what is possible, producing simulations 100 times more efficiently. This article addresses Jevons' paradox in our field and considers the importance of realistic metrics in achieving "true" efficiency.

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