Papers
arxiv:2610.14163

AutoEnvScaling: Automating the Data Flywheel with Terminal Agents

Published on Oct 9
· Submitted by
Simon Yu
on Oct 14
Authors:
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

Abstract

Terminal agents solve tasks in software engineering and scientific research by executing commands in a terminal. Training them via reinforcement learning (RL) requires diverse and verifiable environments, but these environments are still mostly designed by human researchers, so their supply grows only as fast as researchers can work. We introduce AutoEnvScaling, which treats environment design as a terminal task and uses agents to automate the data flywheel. A proposer agent builds new RL environments from the rollouts of the solver being trained, and the solver's new rollouts guide the next round. By turning environment generation into a terminal task, AutoEnvScaling increases the valid-environment rate by up to 25 times compared to prompt-only generation, at up to 75% lower cost per valid environment. We show that training Qwen3.5-35B-A3B on AutoEnvScaling environments from GPT-5.6-sol improves its Terminal-Bench 2.1 score by 4.3 points over the matched Tmax baseline. The broader goal of AutoEnvScaling is to enable recursive self-improvement (RSI): by making both environment generation and solving terminal tasks, it lets one model co-evolve in both roles. We show that Qwen3.6-35B-A3B, acting in both roles, gains 12.2 points on Terminal-Bench 2.1 and raises its Terminal-Bench 4.0 score from 1.6 to 3.2. The pipeline also generalizes across agentic domains, generating environments for software engineering, computer use, professional work, and GPU kernel programming. Overall, these results show a path toward agents building their own training environments, reducing human reliance and taking a core step toward RSI.

Community

Paper author Paper submitter

Recursive self-improvement needs agents that can build their own training environments. But researchers still sit in the loop, limiting it to scale.

We introduce AutoEnvScaling, which turns env design into a terminal task: a proposer agent builds complete Harbor tasks, each with a Docker image, instruction, solution, and tests. It runs and debugs them just like human researchers before submission. This enables self-play RL for terminal agents: a single model improves as both environment builder and solver, without humans writing each new task and its tests.

This is an automated message from the Librarian Bot. I found the following papers similar to this paper.

The following papers were recommended by the Semantic Scholar API

Please give a thumbs up to this comment if you found it helpful!

If you want recommendations for any Paper on Hugging Face checkout this Space

You can directly ask Librarian Bot for paper recommendations by tagging it in a comment: @librarian-bot recommend

Sign up or log in to comment

Get this paper in your agent:

hf papers read 2610.14163
Don't have the latest CLI?
curl -LsSf https://hf.co/cli/install.sh | bash

Models citing this paper 0

No model linking this paper

Cite arxiv.org/abs/2610.14163 in a model README.md to link it from this page.

Datasets citing this paper 0

No dataset linking this paper

Cite arxiv.org/abs/2610.14163 in a dataset README.md to link it from this page.

Spaces citing this paper 0

No Space linking this paper

Cite arxiv.org/abs/2610.14163 in a Space README.md to link it from this page.

Collections including this paper 0

No Collection including this paper

Add this paper to a collection to link it from this page.