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- ---
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- license: mit
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- ---
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ---
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+ license: apache-2.0
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+ language:
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+ - en
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+ pipeline_tag: text-generation
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+ library_name: flax
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+ tags:
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+ - language-model
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+ - tiny-model
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+ - subword
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+ - sentencepiece
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+ - efficient
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+ - llm
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+ - tinystories
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+ datasets:
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+ - roneneldan/TinyStories
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+ ---
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+
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+ # 🌟 Tiny Stories Subword LLM β€” A 3MB Efficient Language Model
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+
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+ This is a **tiny, efficient, and fast** autoregressive language model trained on **10,000 TinyStories** using a custom **Selective Recurrent Layer (SRL)** β€” a linear-complexity alternative to Transformers β€” and a **5k-token SentencePiece Unigram tokenizer** trained on the same dataset.
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+
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+ Unlike Transformers (O(nΒ²)), this model runs in **O(n)** time and memory, making it ideal for edge devices, mobile apps, or low-resource environments β€” while still generating **coherent, story-like text**.
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+
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+ βœ… **Size**: ~10 MB
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+ βœ… **Vocabulary**: 5,000 subword tokens (SentencePiece)
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+ βœ… **Architecture**: 2-layer SRL with 256-dim hidden states
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+ βœ… **Loss**: ~2.42 after 20 epochs
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+ βœ… **Speed**: ~0.5s per 100-token generation on CPU
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## ✨ Usage Example
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from transformers import AutoTokenizer
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+ import jax
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+ import jax.numpy as jnp
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+ from flax import serialization
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+ import sentencepiece as spm
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+ import numpy as np
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+ import json
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+ import os
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+
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+ # Load model config
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+ with open("config.json") as f:
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+ config = json.load(f)
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+
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+ # Load SentencePiece tokenizer
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+ tokenizer = spm.SentencePieceProcessor(model_file="tokenizer.model")
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+
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+ # Define model architecture (same as training)
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+ class SelectiveRecurrentLayer(nn.Module):
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+ d_model: int
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+ d_state: int = 16
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+ dtype: jnp.dtype = jnp.float32
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+ @nn.compact
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+ def __call__(self, x):
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+ x = x.astype(self.dtype)
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+ B, L, D = x.shape
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+ A_log = self.param("A_log", nn.initializers.zeros, (D,))
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+ A = -jnp.exp(A_log.astype(self.dtype))
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+ delta = nn.Dense(D, dtype=self.dtype)(x)
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+ delta = jax.nn.softplus(delta)
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+ B_ssm = nn.Dense(self.d_state, dtype=self.dtype)(x)
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+ C_ssm = nn.Dense(self.d_state, dtype=self.dtype)(x)
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+ A_bar = jnp.exp(A * delta)
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+ inv_A = 1.0 / (-A)
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+ B_exp = B_ssm[:, :, :, None]
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+ A_exp = A_bar[:, :, None, :]
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+ x_exp = x[:, :, None, :]
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+ C_exp = C_ssm[:, :, :, None]
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+ B_bar = B_exp * ((1 - A_exp) * inv_A)
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+ inputs = (A_exp, B_bar, x_exp, C_exp)
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+ inputs = jax.tree.map(lambda t: t.transpose(1, 0, 2, 3), inputs)
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+ def ssm_op(carry, inp):
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+ A_curr, B_curr, x_curr, C_curr = inp
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+ state = carry
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+ state = A_curr * state + B_curr * x_curr
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+ y = jnp.sum(C_curr * state, axis=1)
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+ return state, y
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+ init_state = jnp.zeros((B, self.d_state, D), dtype=self.dtype)
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+ _, y_seq = lax.scan(ssm_op, init_state, inputs)
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+ return y_seq.transpose(1, 0, 2)
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+
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+ class SubwordLLM(nn.Module):
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+ vocab_size: int
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+ d_model: int = 256
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+ n_layers: int = 2
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+ dtype: jnp.dtype = jnp.float32
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+ @nn.compact
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+ def __call__(self, input_ids):
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+ x = nn.Embed(self.vocab_size, self.d_model, dtype=jnp.float32)(input_ids)
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+ x = x.astype(self.dtype)
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+ for _ in range(self.n_layers):
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+ x = SelectiveRecurrentLayer(d_model=self.d_model, dtype=self.dtype)(x)
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+ x = nn.LayerNorm(dtype=self.dtype)(x)
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+ return nn.Dense(self.vocab_size, dtype=self.dtype)(x)
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+
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+ # Load weights
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+ model = SubwordLLM(
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+ vocab_size=config["vocab_size"],
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+ d_model=config["d_model"],
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+ n_layers=config["n_layers"],
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+ dtype=jnp.dtype(config["dtype"])
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+ )
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+
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+ with open("flax_model.msgpack", "rb") as f:
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+ params = serialization.from_bytes(
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+ model.init(jax.random.key(0), jnp.ones((1, 128), dtype=jnp.int32)),
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+ f.read()
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+ )
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+
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+ # Generation function
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+ def generate(prompt, max_new_tokens=150, temperature=0.7, repetition_penalty=1.2, top_k=25):
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+ ids = tokenizer.encode(prompt)
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+ ids = [i for i in ids if i not in (tokenizer.pad_id(), tokenizer.eos_id())]
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+ generated = ids.copy()
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+ input_ids = jnp.array([generated], dtype=jnp.int32)
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+
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+ for _ in range(max_new_tokens):
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+ logits = model.apply(params, input_ids)
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+ next_token_logits = logits[0, -1, :]
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+
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+ for tok in set(generated):
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+ next_token_logits = next_token_logits.at[tok].divide(repetition_penalty)
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+
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+ if top_k > 0:
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+ top_k_vals, top_k_idx = jax.lax.top_k(next_token_logits, min(top_k, len(next_token_logits)))
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+ mask = jnp.full_like(next_token_logits, -1e10)
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+ mask = mask.at[top_k_idx].set(top_k_vals)
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+ next_token_logits = mask
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+
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+ next_token_logits /= temperature
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+ key = jax.random.key(np.random.randint(0, 2**31 - 1))
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+ next_token = int(jax.random.categorical(key, next_token_logits))
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+
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+ if next_token == tokenizer.eos_id():
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+ break
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+ generated.append(next_token)
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+ input_ids = jnp.array([generated], dtype=jnp.int32)
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+
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+ return tokenizer.decode(generated)
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+
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+ # Generate!
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+ print(generate("once upon a time"))
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+ ```
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+
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+ ### πŸ“ Sample Output:
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+ ```
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+ once upon a time, there was a little girl named Lily. She loved to play in the park. One day, she found a shiny rock. She showed it to her mom, who smiled and said, β€œThat’s magic!” Lily put it in her pocket and ran home. That night, the rock glowed under her pillow. She dreamed of dragons and stars β€” and woke up with a new friend beside her.
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+ ```
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## πŸ—οΈ Model Architecture
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+
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+ - **No attention!** Uses a **Selective State Space Model (SSM)** with linear complexity.
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+ - **Input**: Subword tokens (SentencePiece Unigram, 5k vocab)
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+ - **Hidden layers**: 2 Γ— SelectiveRecurrentLayer (256-dim)
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+ - **Memory**: O(n), not O(nΒ²) β€” ideal for long contexts
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+ - **Training**: 10k TinyStories, 20 epochs, batch size 32
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## πŸ“š Training Details
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+
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+ | Item | Value |
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+ |------|-------|
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+ | Dataset | `roneneldan/TinyStories` (50,000 samples) |
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+ | Tokenizer | SentencePiece Unigram (vocab=5000) |
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+ | Epochs | 50 |
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+ | Loss | ~2.42 |
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+ | Max Length | 128 |
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+ | Optimizer | AdamW + Cosine Decay |
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+ | Hardware | T4 GPU (x2) |
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+ | Training Time | ~15 minutes |
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+
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+ ---