What team won the Super Bowl?
Who did the Denver Broncos defeat to win the Super Bowl?
Where was the Super Bowl held?
What team won the Super Bowl?
What color was used to commemorate the 50th Super Bowl?
What phrase did the league use to describe the significance of the Super Bowl?
On what date was the game played?
What league did the Denver Broncos belong to?
What phrase did the league use to describe the significance of the Super Bowl?
What league did the Denver Broncos belong to?
On what date was the game played?
What team won the Super Bowl?
At what stadium was the Super Bowl held?
In what city was the Super Bowl held?
What would have been the official name of the Super Bowl if the Roman numerals were used?
In what year did the Super Bowl take place?
In what year did the Super Bowl take place?
In what city was the Super Bowl held?
At what stadium was the Super Bowl held?
What was the final score of the game?
On what date was the game played?
In what year did the Super Bowl take place?
What team won the Super Bowl?
Who did the Denver Broncos defeat to win the Super Bowl?
What team won the Super Bowl?
In what year did the Super Bowl take place?
What team won the Super Bowl?
Where was the Super Bowl held?
What is the name of the Super Bowl?
What team won the Super Bowl?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
How many times have the Broncos appeared in the Super Bowl?
In what year was the Carolina Panthers founded?
Who did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat to win Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat to win Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Broncos defeat to win Super Bowl XLIX?
How many teams have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What was the record of the Panthers in the regular season?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What was the record of the Broncos in the regular season?
How many teams have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl?
Who did the Broncos defeat to win Super Bowl XLIX?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many wins did the Broncos have in the regular season?
Who did the Broncos defeat to win Super Bowl XLIX?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Broncos defeat to win Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
When was the Carolina Panthers founded?
Which linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many sacks did Von Miller have in the Super Bowl?
Which team had the first lead in Super Bowl 50?
Who was the Broncos' Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
How was Newton able to play in the Super Bowl?
How many times did the Broncos sack Newton in the Super Bowl?
Which linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many times did the Broncos force Newton into a turnover in the Super Bowl?
How many forced fumbles did Von Miller force in the Super Bowl?
Which linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
What position was Von Miller in the Broncos' defense?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
How many sacks did Von Miller have in the Super Bowl?
Which linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
How many times did the Broncos sack Newton in the Super Bowl?
How many times did the Broncos force Newton into a turnover in the Super Bowl?
What type of turnover did Von Miller force Newton into in the Super Bowl?
Which linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
What position was Von Miller in the Broncos' defense?
How many times did the Broncos sack Newton in the Super Bowl?
How many times did the Broncos force Newton into a turnover in the Super Bowl?
Which linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
What network aired the Super Bowl 50 commercial?
What was the average price for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What band performed the halftime show?
Which two artists performed in the halftime show?
What was the third most watched Super Bowl ever?
What network aired the Super Bowl 50 commercial?
What was the average price for a 30-second commercial during the game?
Who was the special guest artist for the halftime show?
Who performed in the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
What band performed the halftime show?
What network aired the Super Bowl 50 commercial?
What was the average price for a 30-second commercial during the game?
Who performed in the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
How many viewers did the Super Bowl 50 halftime show have?
What network aired the Super Bowl 50 commercial?
What was the average price for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What band performed the halftime show?
Which two artists performed in the halftime show?
What network aired the Super Bowl 50 commercial?
What band performed the halftime show?
Which two artists performed in the halftime show?
What was the third most watched Super Bowl ever?
What was the average price for a 30-second commercial during the game?
What band performed the halftime show?
Which two artists performed in the halftime show?
Who performed in the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
How many Super Bowls did the league plan to make in 2012?
In what year did commissioner Roger Goodell say the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
When did commissioner Roger Goodell say the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
Who is the commissioner of the NFL?
How did commissioner Roger Goodell describe the 50th Super Bowl?
How did commissioner Roger Goodell describe the 50th Super Bowl?
In what year did commissioner Roger Goodell say the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
Along with Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium, what other stadium did the league consider?
Along with the Superdome and Levi's Stadium, what other stadium did the league consider?
Along with the Superdome and Sun Life Stadium, what other stadium did the league consider?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami?
What is the name of the stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area?
What is the name of the stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area?
What is the name of the Superdome in New Orleans?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami?
What three stadiums did the league eventually narrow the bids to?
How many sites did the league narrow the bids to?
What city is home to the Mercedes-Benz Superdome?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami?
What city is Levi's Stadium in?
What is the name of the San Francisco Bay Area stadium?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami?
What is the name of the Superdome in New Orleans?
What is the name of the San Francisco Bay Area stadium?
When did the league announce the two finalists for the Super Bowl?
How many times has South Florida/Miami hosted the Super Bowl?
What was the most recent Super Bowl held in South Florida/Miami?
In what year did the Super Bowl XLIV take place?
In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host the Super Bowl?
Along with Levi's Stadium, what was the other stadium to host the Super Bowl?
When did the league announce the two finalists for the Super Bowl?
What stadium did the 49ers win in 1985?
When did the Florida legislature refuse to approve the funding plan to pay for the stadium renovations?
In what year did the Super Bowl XLIV take place?
How many finalists were there for the Super Bowl in 2012?
What was the most recent Super Bowl held in South Florida/Miami?
How many finalists were there for the Super Bowl in 2012?
Who refused to approve the funding plan for the stadium?
In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host the Super Bowl?
What other city has hosted the Super Bowl more than Miami?
When did the league announce the two finalists for the Super Bowl?
How many times has the South Florida/Miami area hosted the Super Bowl?
What other city has hosted the Super Bowl more than Miami?
In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host the Super Bowl?
Who refused to approve the funding plan for the stadium?
On what date did the NFL vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
Who voted to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did the new stadium open?
How much did the stadium cost?
In what city did Super Bowl XXXVII take place?
In what city was the 2013 Super Bowl held?
On what date did the NFL vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
How much did the stadium cost?
What was the first Super Bowl held in California?
In what city did Super Bowl XXXVII take place?
In what year was the Super Bowl held in San Francisco?
When did the new stadium open?
How much did the stadium cost?
When was the last Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area?
What was the first Super Bowl held in California?
On what date did the NFL vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did the new stadium open?
In what year did the Super Bowl take place in San Diego?
In what city was the 2013 Super Bowl held?
On what date did the NFL vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did the new stadium open?
How much did the stadium cost?
In what year did the Super Bowl take place in San Diego?
Who was the coach of the Carolina Panthers in their last Super Bowl appearance?
How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss?
How many teams have had a 15-1 record?
Which team was one of only ten teams to have completed a regular season with only one loss?
Which Super Bowl did the Broncos make their second appearance in three years?
Who was the coach of the Carolina Panthers in their last Super Bowl appearance?
How many times have the Broncos appeared in the Super Bowl?
How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss?
What was the other Super Bowl appearance the Carolina Panthers have made?
How many teams have had a 15-1 record?
What ranking did the Carolina Panthers hold in the Super Bowl?
What ranking did the Carolina Panthers hold in the Super Bowl?
Which Super Bowl did the Broncos make their second appearance in three years?
What was the last time the two teams met in the Super Bowl?
How many teams have had a 15-1 record?
How many Super Bowl seeds did the Carolina Panthers have?
How many teams have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl?
Who was the coach of the Carolina Panthers in their last Super Bowl appearance?
Who did the Carolina Panthers waive in the preseason?
Who suffered a torn ACL in the preseason?
How many regular season games did the Carolina Panthers play in?
What year did the NFL expand to 16 games?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
How many Panthers were selected to the Pro Bowl?
How many All-Pro selections were there for the Panthers in the 2014 season?
Who suffered a torn ACL in the preseason?
What year did the NFL expand to 16 games?
In what year did the Saints beat the Carolina Panthers for the most wins in a single season?
What year did the Green Bay Packers beat the Carolina Panthers for the most wins in a season?
What was Kelvin Benjamin's injury?
Who suffered a torn ACL in the preseason?
Who did the Carolina Panthers waive in the preseason?
What year did the NFL expand to 16 games?
How many Panthers were selected to the Pro Bowl?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
What year did the NFL expand to 16 games?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
How many Panthers were selected to the Pro Bowl?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina offensive line have?
How many total touchdowns did Newton have in his career?
How many total touchdowns did Ted Ginn, Jr. have in his career?
How many punts did Ted Ginn return for the Panthers?
Who was the leading tight end in the Panthers offense?
How many total touchdowns did Newton have in his career?
What was Newton's career-best quarterback rating?
How many passes did tight end Greg Olsen catch in his career?
What position did Greg Olsen lead the Panthers in receiving yards?
Who led the Panthers in rushing yards and six touchdowns in 13 games?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina offensive line have?
Which quarterback had one of his best seasons in the NFL?
How many total yards did Newton throw in his Pro Bowl season?
How many total touchdowns did Newton have in his career?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina offensive line have?
How many total points did the Panthers score in scoring?
How many total yards did Newton throw in his Pro Bowl season?
How many total touchdowns did Newton have in his career?
What was Newton's career-best quarterback rating?
How many total yards did Ted Ginn, Jr. catch for the Panthers in his rookie season?
How many total points did the Panthers give up in the regular season?
How many career sacks did Allen have?
How many total defensive tackles did Kuechly have in the Pro Bowl?
How many Pro Bowl selections did defensive end Josh Norman have?
Which defensive tackle led the team in sacks with 11?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have in the 2016 season?
Which defensive tackle led the team in sacks with 11?
How many Pro Bowl selections did defensive end Josh Norman have?
How many Pro Bowl selections did defensive end Josh Norman have?
Who was the Pro Bowl safety for the Panthers?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have in the 2016 season?
Which defensive end had 5 sacks in 9 starts?
Who was the Panthers starting linebacker in the Pro Bowl?
How many fumbles did Short recover?
Who was the new head coach of the Broncos?
Who was the starter for the Broncos in Week 17 of the regular season?
Prior to Kubiak, with what team did the Denver Broncos have their worst statistical season?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the regular season finale of the 2015 season?
Who was the defensive coordinator of the Broncos in the 2015 season?
How many divisional championships did Fox win as head coach of the Broncos?
Who was the new head coach of the Broncos?
Prior to Kubiak, with what team did the Denver Broncos have their worst statistical season?
How old was quarterback Peyton Manning in 2015?
What type of injury did quarterback Eli Manning suffer in Week 10 of the 2015 season?
Who was the new head coach of the Broncos?
Who was the starting quarterback for the Broncos in the 2015 off-season?
What injury caused the worst statistical season for the Broncos since 1998?
How old was quarterback Peyton Manning in 2015?
How many divisional championships did Fox win as head coach of the Broncos?
Who was the head coach of the Denver Broncos prior to Kubiak?
Who was the starting quarterback for the Broncos in the 2015 off-season?
Who was the new head coach of the Broncos?
What part of his foot suffered a partial tear in Week 10 of the 2015 season?
Who was the defensive coordinator of the Broncos in the 2015 season?
What was the career-low passer rating for Manning?
How many total interception did he have against the Texans?
Who led the team with 105 receptions for 1,304 yards and six touchdowns?
Who was the team's leading back in yards and seven touchdowns?
How many total touchdowns did Osweiler have against the Texans?
What was the career-low passer rating for Manning?
How many total yards did he throw for in his career?
How many total touchdowns did he throw against the Texans?
Who led the team with 105 receptions for 1,304 yards and six touchdowns?
What position did Demaryius Thomas play?
What was the career-low passer rating for Manning?
How many total interception did he have against the Texans?
Who led the team with 105 receptions for 1,304 yards and six touchdowns?
How many touchdowns did Demaryius Thomas have against the Texans?
What was the career-low passer rating for Manning?
How many total interception did he have against the Texans?
Who caught 76 passes for 1,135 yards and six scores?
Who was the team's leading back in yards and seven touchdowns?
What was Ronnie Hillman's per carry average?
How many total yards did the Broncos' defense allow in the Pro Bowl?
How many sacks did defensive end Derek Wolfe and defensive end Malik Jackson each have in the Pro Bowl?
Which linebacker led the team in total tackles with 109?
How many times did Von Miller recover fumbles for the Broncos?
What position was DeMarcus Ware in the Pro Bowl for the ninth time?
What position was DeMarcus Ware in the Pro Bowl for the ninth time?
What part of the Broncos defense had 5½ sacks in the Pro Bowl?
How many points did the Broncos' defense allow in the Pro Bowl?
Who was the Pro Bowl linebacker for the Broncos?
Which linebacker led the team in total tackles with 109?
How many fumbles did Von Miller recover in the Pro Bowl?
Who was the Pro Bowl linebacker for the Broncos?
Who led the team in total tackles with 109?
Which two defensive ends had 5½ sacks in the Pro Bowl?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round of the playoffs?
What team did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many total yards did the Panthers rush in the NFC Championship Game?
How many forced fumbles did the Panthers force against the Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game?
What was the final score of the game for the Panthers?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round of the playoffs?
What was the final score of the game for the Panthers?
How many total yards did the Panthers rush in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round of the playoffs?
What team did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many forced fumbles did the Panthers force against the Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round of the playoffs?
What was the final score of the game against the Arizona Cardinals?
What team did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many total yards did the Panthers rush in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round of the playoffs?
How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game to defeat the Steelers?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game?
What was the final score of the game between the Broncos and the Patriots?
How long did it take for the Broncos to stop the Patriots 2-point conversion attempt?
Which team defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round of the playoffs?
What was the score in the divisional round of the playoffs for the Broncos?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds left on the clock did the Broncos need to convert a 2-point conversion to win the Super Bowl?
Which quarterback had problems with interception during the regular season?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round of the playoffs?
How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game to defeat the Steelers?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round of the playoffs?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds left on the clock did the Broncos need to convert a 2-point conversion to win the Super Bowl?
Who suffered a major setback in the NFC Championship Game?
What injury did Thomas Davis suffer in the NFC Championship Game?
How many ACL tears did Davis have in his career?
How old was Thomas Davis when he broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
What injury did Thomas Davis overcome in his career?
What part of Thomas Davis broke in the NFC Championship Game?
How old was Thomas Davis when he broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
Thomas Davis insisted he would still find a way to play in what game?
How many ACL tears did Davis have in his career?
What injury did Thomas Davis suffer in the NFC Championship Game?
How old was Thomas Davis when he broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
Who suffered a major setback in the NFC Championship Game?
At what age is Eli Manning the oldest to play in a Super Bowl?
Who holds the record of being the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
How old was John Elway when he led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What position is held by John Elway?
What team did John Elway lead in Super Bowl XXIII?
What team did John Elway lead in Super Bowl XXIII?
Who holds the record of being the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
How old was John Elway when he led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who is the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
How many times has a quarterback led a team to multiple Super Bowls?
How many times has a quarterback led a team to multiple Super Bowls?
Who is the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
Who holds the record of being the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
In which Super Bowl did Elway lead the Broncos to victory?
Who is the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
At what age is Peyton Manning the oldest to play in a Super Bowl?
Who holds the record of being the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
In what year was Newton the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
In what year was Newton the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
How old was Newton when he was drafted?
What was the age difference between the top two picks in the 2011 NFL draft?
Along with Newton, who was the top overall pick in the 2011 NFL draft?
Who was the #1 pick in the 1998 NFL draft?
Who was the #1 pick in the 2011 NFL draft?
How old was Newton when he was drafted?
What was the first Super Bowl to feature a player who was the #1 pick in their draft classes?
In what year was Newton the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
In what year was Newton the #1 pick in the NFL draft?
Along with Newton, who was the top overall pick in the 2011 NFL draft?
In what year was Newton selected first in the 2011 NFL draft?
How old was Newton when he was drafted?
What was the age difference between the top two picks in the 2011 NFL draft?
In what Super Bowl did Kubiak play for the Bears?
With what team did Kubiak play in Super Bowl XX?
What position did Rivera play for the Chicago Bears?
Who did Kubiak replace at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowl XXI and XXIV?
What team lost Super Bowl XXI and XXIV?
What position did Rivera play for the Chicago Bears?
Who did Kubiak replace at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowl XXI and XXIV?
Who was the head coach of the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX?
In what Super Bowl did Kubiak play for the Bears?
Who was the kicker for the Baltimore Ravens in 2015?
What type of turf was used to replace the old turf at the stadium?
Who is the field director of the Atlanta Braves?
What team's kicker collapsed during a week 6 game in 2015?
What is the profession of Justin Tucker?
Who was the kicker for the Baltimore Ravens in 2015?
What is the profession of Justin Tucker?
What was the new playing surface used for the Super Bowl?
Who was the kicker for the Baltimore Ravens in 2015?
What did the NFL replace the turf with?
What type of turf did the NFL use for the stadium?
What did some players need to change during the game?
Who was the kicker for the Baltimore Ravens in 2015?
What type of turf is used for Super Bowl games?
Which team wore white in the Super Bowl?
How did the Broncos defeat the Falcons in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What color jersey did the Broncos wear in Super Bowl XXI?
In which Super Bowl did the Broncos last wear white?
In which Super Bowl did the Broncos last wear white?
How did the Broncos defeat the Falcons in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What color jersey did the Broncos wear in Super Bowl XXI?
What uniform did the Broncos wear as the designated home team in the Super Bowl?
Who was the only team to wear white as the designated home team in the Super Bowl?
In which Super Bowl did the Broncos last wear white?
What color jersey did the Broncos wear in Super Bowl XXXII?
What color jersey are the Broncos wearing in Super Bowls?
What is the standard home uniform for the Panthers?
What practice facility did the Panthers use?
Where did the Broncos practice at?
Where is the Panthers' practice facility?
Where did the Broncos stay at the Marriott?
Where did the Panthers stay in San Jose State?
Where did the Broncos practice at Stanford University?
Where did the Panthers use their practice facility?
Where did the Broncos practice at?
Where did the Panthers use their practice facility?
Where did the Panthers stay in San Jose?
Where did the Broncos practice at?
Where did the Broncos stay in San Jose?
Where is the Panthers' practice facility?
Where did the Panthers stay in San Jose?
Where did the Broncos practice at?
Where did the Broncos stay in San Jose?
On what date was the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals suspended?
When was the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals first established?
Who was the league's vice president of brand and creative in 2014?
At what Super Bowl was the standardized logo template introduced?
Which NFL team's trophy is featured on the Super Bowl XLV logo?
In what year was the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals temporarily suspended?
For which Super Bowl will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What was the official name of the Super Bowl in 2014?
What color are the numerals on the Vince Lombardi Trophy in?
On what date was the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals suspended?
What did the NFL decide to name the Super Bowl instead of using Roman numerals?
What is the standard letter for the Super Bowl?
What color are the numerals on the Vince Lombardi Trophy in?
For which Super Bowl will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What language was the Super Bowl named in?
What year did the NFL reinstate the use of Roman numerals?
What color were footballs given to each high school that had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl?
On which week of the 2015 NFL season were all sideline jackets and hats decorated with gold-trimmed logos?
How many yards were on each field in the 2015 Super Bowl?
What color were footballs given to each high school that had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl?
What color were footballs given to each high school that had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl?
What is the name of the game in which gold footballs are given to each high school?
What were given to each high school that has had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl?
On what part of the field were gold-tinted logos painted on?
What color were footballs given to each high school that had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl?
Where was the NFL Experience held in San Francisco?
Where is the Moscone Center located?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
Who is the city supervisor of San Francisco?
When did "Super Bowl City" open?
How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
Where was the NFL Experience held in San Francisco?
What is the name of the event held at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcadero?
Where was the NFL Experience held in San Francisco?
What is the name of the event held at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcadero?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
What is the name of the event held at Justin Herman Plaza on The Embarcadero?
How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
Who was the mayor of San Francisco during Super Bowl week?
How much did the city of San Francisco try to get the NFL to pay for city services?
What event was held at the Moscone Center in San Francisco?
Where is Bellomy Field?
How much is the beer, wine and food festival at Bellomy Field?
How long is the beer, wine and food festival at Bellomy Field?
How much is the beer, wine and food festival at Bellomy Field?
What type of event is the Santa Clara Convention Center event?
Who has announced plans to set aside seed funding for the event?
Where is the beer, wine and food festival held?
What type of event will help find business sponsors and individual donors?
Who has announced plans to set aside seed funding for the event?
How much is the beer, wine and food festival at Bellomy Field?
Who has announced plans to set aside seed funding for the event?
On what day was Super Bowl Opening Night re-branded?
On what day of the week was the Super Bowl media day held?
Where was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
In what city was the Super Bowl held?
What bridge was featured in the opening ceremony?
On what day of the week was the Super Bowl media day held?
On what day was Super Bowl Opening Night re-branded?
What was the game's media day re-branded as?
Where was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
In what city was the Super Bowl held?
When was the Super Bowl media day typically held?
What was the new name of the Super Bowl media day?
Where was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
What bridge was featured in the opening ceremony?
On what day was Super Bowl Opening Night re-branded?
What was the new name of the Super Bowl media day?
Where was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
What bridge was featured in the opening ceremony?
When was the Super Bowl Opening Night held?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that provides local businesses with contracting opportunities?
How much money has the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raised?
Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron and Chevron, what is one of the sponsors of Business Connect?
Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel and Dignity Health, what company sponsors the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee?
Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap and Dignity Health, what company sponsors the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee?
Who is Business Connect?
How much money has the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raised?
Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health are some of the sponsors of Business Connect?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that provides local businesses with contracting opportunities?
What is the name of the Super Bowl program that provides local businesses with contracting opportunities?
How much money has the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raised?
What percentage of the Super Bowl profits will the Host Committee dedicate to philanthropic causes?
What did the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee create as a philanthropic initiative?
How much of the Super Bowl money will the Host Committee dedicate to philanthropic causes?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative that the Host Committee created?
What does the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee vow to be?
How much of the Super Bowl money will the Host Committee dedicate to philanthropic causes?
What did the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee create as a philanthropic initiative?
How much of the Super Bowl money will the Host Committee dedicate to philanthropic causes?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative that the Host Committee created?
What is the name of the Lombardi Trophy that all Super Bowl champions receive?
How manykarat gold-plated "50" will the winner of Super Bowl 50 receive?
How many pounds will each digit of the Super Bowl 50 digit weigh?
Who designed the 50?
Who designed the 50?
What trophy do all Super Bowl champions receive?
What type of gold-plated "50" will the winner of Super Bowl 50 receive?
Who designed the 50?
What trophy do all Super Bowl champions receive?
Who designed the 50?
Who broadcast the Super Bowl in the United States?
Along with Jim Nantz, who was the lead broadcast team for CBS?
Along with Jim Nantz and Phil Simms, who was on the CBS broadcast team?
How many cameras were in the upper deck of the Super Bowl?
What resolution were the cameras in Super Bowl 50 upgraded to?
How many television partners does CBS have?
On what part of the field did Jim Nantz and Phil Simms play?
What kind of view did the 360 cameras provide?
What resolution were the cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50?
On what part of the field did Jim Nantz and Phil Simms play?
Who broadcast the Super Bowl in the United States?
How many television partners does CBS have?
Who broadcast the Super Bowl in the United States?
Who were CBS' lead broadcast team?
Who were on the sidelines during the game?
What resolution were the cameras in Super Bowl 50 upgraded to?
Along with microphones and pylon, what feature did CBS introduce during the game?
What network broadcast the Super Bowl in Spanish?
Along with Martin, Allegre and Allegre, who was a sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes?
Along with Raul Allegre, who was a member of ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew?
On what date did CBS and ESPN announce an agreement to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl?
In what language did CBS broadcast the Super Bowl?
Along with NBC and Fox, what network broadcast the Super Bowl in Spanish?
What network broadcast the Super Bowl in Spanish?
Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes?
What network broadcast the Super Bowl in Spanish?
Who were on ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew?
Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes?
Verizon Wireless customers were able to stream the game on their smartphones via what service?
Through what network was the ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast made available?
What website did CBS use to stream the game?
Along with Windows 10, Roku and Chromecast, on what other device was CBS Sports available?
On what Windows tablet is CBS Sports apps available?
What website did CBS use to stream the game?
Along with Windows 10, Roku and Chromecast, on what other device was CBS Sports available?
Who was able to stream the game on their smartphones?
Verizon Wireless customers could watch the game on their smartphones via what service?
Which carrier is exclusive to streaming on smartphones?
Verizon Wireless customers could watch the game on their smartphones via what service?
What did CBS Sports.com provide?
Which carrier is exclusive to streaming on smartphones?
Through what streaming service was the Spanish broadcast of the game made available?
What was the name of the late night talk show that aired after the game?
What special episode of Late Night with James Corden aired after the game?
What was the name of the late night talk show that aired after the game?
What special episode of Late Night with James Corden aired after the game?
What was the name of the late night talk show that aired after the game?
What did CBS take a break from after the Super Bowl?
What special episode of Late Night with James Corden aired after the game?
What was the base rate for a 30 second ad for the Super Bowl?
What company was the final year of a multi-year contract with CBS?
What company was the sponsor of the Super Bowl?
What is the anniversary of the Pokémon video game?
What was the base rate for a 30 second ad for the Super Bowl?
What company was the final year of a multi-year contract with CBS?
What company was the sponsor of the Super Bowl?
Along with The Pokémon Company, what company made their Super Bowl debut?
Along with Nintendo, what company made their Super Bowl debut?
What company was the final year of a multi-year contract with CBS?
What company was the sponsor of the Super Bowl?
What company was the final year of a multi-year contract with CBS?
What company was the sponsor of the Super Bowl?
What contest allowed viewers to create their own Doritos ads?
What contest did QuickBooks sponsor?
Which company was featured in the "Small Business Big Game"?
How long was the commercial for Death Wish Coffee?
How many other competitors did Death Wish Coffee beat in the "Small Business Big Game"?
Which company was featured in the "Small Business Big Game"?
How many other competitors did Death Wish Coffee beat in the "Small Business Big Game"?
Who sponsored the "Small Business Big Game"?
Which company was featured in the "Small Business Big Game"?
How many con artists did Death Wish Coffee beat?
Who sponsored the "Small Business Big Game"?
Which company was featured in the "Small Business Big Game"?
Who was the debut trailer for 'Secret Life of Pets'?
What movie did Lionsgate pay for?
What movie did Paramount pay for?
Along with X-Men: Apocalypse and Independence Day, what Independence Day movie did Fox pay for?
What movie did Lionsgate pay for?
What movie did Paramount pay for?
Who was the debut trailer for 'Secret Life of Pets'?
What movie did Disney pay for?
Along with Eddie the Eagle, what Independence Day holiday did Fox pay for?
Along with 20th Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures and Disney, what studio paid for the Secret Life of Pets?
Along with Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studios and Disney, what studio paid for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl?
Who broadcasts the game in North America?
Who is the Westwood One play-by-play announcer?
Who will be the pre-game and halftime broadcast?
Along with Kevin Harlan and Dan Fouts, who is Westwood One's color analyst?
Along with Mark Malone, who is the sideline reporter for Westwood One?
How many times will Wes One carry the game throughout North America?
Who is the Westwood One play-by-play announcer?
Who broadcasts the game in North America?
Who is the Westwood One play-by-play announcer?
Who will be the pre-game and halftime broadcast?
Who is the Westwood One play-by-play announcer?
Who are the color analysts for Westwood One?
Who are the sideline reporters for Westwood One?
What is Jim Gray's job?
Where will Westwood One broadcast the game?
Along with KOA, what radio station in Denver will broadcast the game?
Who is the play-by-play announcer for KOA and KRFX?
What station in North Carolina will broadcast the game?
Where is WBT-FM based?
Who is the play-by-play announcer for WBT in North Carolina?
Who is the play-by-play announcer for KOA and KRFX?
Along with Dave Logan, who is the color commentator for KRFX?
What station in North Carolina will broadcast the game?
Who is the play-by-play announcer for WBT in North Carolina?
Which stations in Denver will broadcast the game?
What is the sister station to WBT?
Along with 5 Live Sports Extra, what station in the United Kingdom broadcasts the contest?
Along with BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live Sports Extra, what station will broadcast the contest in the United Kingdom?
Along with Greg Brady and Rocky Boiman, who else is on commentary for the BBC broadcast of the contest?
Which broadcaster broadcasts the contest in the United Kingdom?
Along with Darren Fletcher and Rocky Boiman, who is the BBC's British English broadcaster?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl I and II?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl V?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
When did Harvey Martin die?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
How many of the previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were there?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
Who was the co-MVP of Super Bowl XII?
How many Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were there?
How many of the previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were there?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl I and II?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
Who was the co-MVP of Super Bowl XII?
How many Grammy winners have performed the national anthem?
What did Lady Gaga perform?
What award is Lady Gaga nominated for?
What did Lady Gaga perform?
What does ASL stand for?
Which Grammy winner performed the national anthem?
Who provided the ASL translation of the song?
Which Grammy winner performed the national anthem?
Who provided the ASL translation of the song?
Which Grammy winner performed the national anthem?
How many Grammy winners have performed the national anthem?
Who provided the ASL translation of the song?
When did the league confirm that Coldplay would be performing?
What nationality is Coldplay?
Which Super Bowl did Beyoncé headline?
What was the name of the single that Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on?
Which Super Bowl did Bruno Mars headline?
What band performed during the halftime show?
What company confirmed that Beyoncé would be appearing?
What was the name of the single that Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on?
What band performed during the halftime show?
Which artist performed in the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show?
What was the name of the single that Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on?
Who performed in the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show?
Who took the opening kickoff and started out strong with a pass to Owen Daniels?
Who did the Broncos pass to on the opening play of the first half?
Who did Shaq Thompson tackle for a 3-yard loss?
Who kicked a 34-yard field goal to give the Broncos a lead?
Who carried the ball 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line?
How many yards did quarterback Peyton Manning pass to tight end Owen Daniels?
Who tackled Ronnie Hillman for a 3-yard loss?
Who kicked a 34-yard field goal to give the Broncos a lead?
What was the first time in the entire postseason that the Broncos faced what type of deficit?
Who took the opening kickoff and started out strong with a pass to Owen Daniels?
Who did Denver pass to on the opening play of the first half?
Who carried the ball 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line?
Who kicked a 34-yard field goal to give the Broncos a lead?
What was the first time in the entire postseason that the Broncos faced what type of deficit?
Who was the referee for the replay challenge?
Who completed a pass to Jerricho Cotchery?
Which linebacker knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him?
Who recovered the ball and returned it to the Broncos?
Which Super Bowl was the first to have a fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl?
Who did Cam Newton pass to after each team punted?
Who was the referee for the replay challenge?
Which linebacker knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him?
Who recovered the ball and returned it to the Broncos?
In what year did the first fumble return touchdown occur in a Super Bowl?
Who was the referee for the replay challenge?
Which linebacker knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him?
Who recovered the ball and returned it to the Broncos?
Which Super Bowl was the first to have a fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl?
Who ran for a 1-yard touchdown run to cut the score to 10-7?
Who returned Jordan Norwood's punt?
What was the final score of the second quarter for the Panthers?
How many yards did Norwood return for a Super Bowl record?
How many yards did McManus kick his field goal that increased the Broncos lead to 13-7?
How many total yards did Newton pass for in the first quarter?
Who ran for a 1-yard touchdown run to cut the score to 10-7?
With what time left in the second quarter did the Panthers score?
Who received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt?
How many yards did McManus kick his field goal that increased the Broncos lead to 13-7?
Who ran for a 1-yard touchdown run to cut the score to 10-7?
What did McManus kick to increase the lead to 13-7?
Who tackled Tolbert?
What was the position of Danny Trevathan?
Which defensive end tipped a pass to himself and returned it to the Panthers 39-yard line?
Who was sacked by Ware as time expired in the half?
Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left in the half?
Who lost a fumble on Carolina's next possession?
Which defensive end tipped a pass to himself and returned it to the Panthers 39-yard line?
How many yards did Ealy return the ball to the Panthers 39-yard line with 1:55 left on the clock?
Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left in the half?
Who lost a fumble on Carolina's next possession?
Which linebacker recovered the ball on the Broncos 40-yard line?
Which defensive end tipped a pass to himself and returned it to the Panthers 39-yard line?
What did the Panthers have to do to get the ball back to the Broncos 39-yard line?
Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left in the half?
Who did Newton pass to on his first offensive play of the second half?
Who hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt?
How many yards did Graham Gano hit the uprights on his field goal attempt?
Who kicked a 33-yard field goal that gave the Broncos a 16-7 lead?
Who intercepted Newton's pass on the second play of the second half?
Who did Newton pass to on his first offensive play of the second half?
Where did Graham Gano hit on his 44-yard field goal attempt?
Who was the defensive end who was intercepted by the Broncos on the first drive of the second half?
Who recovered the ball after the Panthers fumbled the ball?
Who did Newton pass to on his first offensive play of the second half?
On which side of the field did the Broncos stop the Panthers on their opening drive of the second half?
Who hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt?
Who did Newton pass to for gains of 25 and 22 yards?
Who recovered the ball for the Broncos on the next play?
How many yards was Gano's field goal attempt at?
Who recieved a 16-yard reception on the third play of the fourth quarter?
Who ran for a 12-yard run on the next play of the third quarter?
On which side of the field did the Broncos drive to in the fourth quarter?
Who recovered the ball for the Broncos on the next play?
On which side of the field did Ealy recover the ball for the Broncos?
How did the next three drives of the game end for the Broncos?
Who recovered the ball for the Broncos on the next play?
On which side of the field did Ealy recover the ball for the Broncos?
How deep was Gano's field goal at the end of the third quarter?
How many of the Broncos' first drives of the game ended in punts?
At what point in regulation did the Panthers have the ball on their own?
Who did Miller strip the ball away from on the next play?
Who was called for holding on the third down of the fourth quarter?
Who scored on a 2-yard touchdown run?
Who did the Broncos pass to for a 2-point conversion?
Who stripped the ball away from Newton on the next play?
What did Miller do to the ball after diving for it?
Who did Miller strip the ball away from on the next play?
Who was called for holding on the third down of the fourth quarter?
With what time left in regulation did the Broncos have a chance to tie the game?
With what time left in regulation did the Panthers have the ball on their own 24-yard line?
Who stripped the ball away from Newton on the next play?
What did Miller do to the ball after diving for it?
For how many plays did the Broncos keep the Panthers out of the end zone?
Who scored on a 2-yard touchdown run?
How many total tackles did Miller have against the Vikings?
How many total touchdowns did the Panthers get in the game?
How many receptions did Brown have for 10 yards?
Who had seven total tackles despite breaking his arm in the NFC title game?
How many interception did Newton have in the game?
How many interception did Newton have in the game?
How many total touchdowns did the Panthers get in the game?
Who was the team's leading rusher with 90 yards and a touchdown?
Who was the top receiver for the Panthers?
Who had seven total tackles despite breaking his arm in the NFC title game?
Who was the top receiver for the Panthers?
Who was the team's leading rusher with 90 yards and a touchdown?
How many field goals did McManus make in the post-season?
How many interception did Newton have in the game?
How many receptions did Brown have for 10 yards?
How many first downs did the Broncos have in Super Bowl 50?
How many first downs did the Broncos have in Super Bowl 50?
Who had the previous record of 244 yards in a Super Bowl?
Which Broncos punt return set a new Super Bowl record?
Who was the oldest quarterback to win a Super Bowl?
How many first downs did the Broncos have in Super Bowl 50?
How many first downs did the Broncos have in Super Bowl 50?
Which team had seven sacks in Super Bowl XX?
Which team had seven sacks in Super Bowl XX?
How many first downs did the Broncos have in Super Bowl 50?
How many first downs did the Broncos have in Super Bowl 50?
Which team had seven sacks in Super Bowl XX?
Which team had seven sacks in Super Bowl XX?
How many teams combined for a combined third down conversion percentage of 13.8?
Maria Skłodowska-Curie was the first female recipient of what award?
When was Casimir Pulaski born?
Who was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize?
What are Władysław Szpilman and Frédéric Chopin?
How old was Chopin when he moved to Warsaw?
How many different species of trees are in the Saxon Garden?
What garden was remodeled by Franciszek Szanior in the 19th century?
What was formally a royal garden?
Where is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier located?
What park covers 76 ha?
How far from Warsaw is the Vistula river?
What types of animals live in the Vistula river?
How many natural reserves are in Warsaw?
How many lakes are in Warsaw?
Why are the majority of lakes in Warsaw emptied before winter?
What is the most diverse city in Poland?
How many Polish people lived in Warsaw in 1933?
What percentage of Warsaw's population was Jewish in 1897?
What is the largest ethnic minority in Warsaw?
What is most of the modern day population growth in Warsaw based on?
What is the second academic school of technology in the country?
How many professors are employed at the Warsaw University of Technology?
What is the largest medical school in Poland?
When was the University of Warsaw established?
What is the largest music school in Poland?
When was the University Library founded?
How many items are in the University Library?
Who designed the University Library?
Who designed the University Library garden?
How large is the University Library garden?
What aspect of Warsaw's economy suffered during its time as an Eastern Bloc economy?
What was the initial plan to rebuild Poland called?
What is the main reason for Warsaw's recent improvements?
What has happened to the city's metro, roads, sidewalks and health care facilities?
What city has some of the best medical facilities in Poland?
What is CMHI?
What is one of the largest oncological institutions in Europe?
How many beds does the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology have?
What has been done to the infrastructure of the CMHI?
The Teatr Wielki and the National Philharmonic Hall are examples of what type of venues?
What type of events does Warsaw host?
Where is Congress Hall located?
Where is the Mozart Festival held?
What type of events does Warsaw host?
Where is the Saxon Garden located?
What is another name for Ogród Saski?
When was the Summer Theatre in operation?
What was the name of Warsaw's first literary cabaret?
What was the best example of polish monumental theater?
What festival is held on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer's Night?
How many people gather on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer's Night?
What is the name of the festival held on the banks of the Vistula?
What do the wreaths of herbs on the water predict?
What type of flower do people look for on Midsummer's Eve?
The Museum of Hunting and Riding has one of the largest collections of what in the world?
How many museums are in Warsaw?
What type of museum is the National Museum?
What is in Adolf Hitler's private collection?
The Museum of the Polish Army depicts the history of what?
Where can you find a fine tribute to the fall of Warsaw?
Where is the memory of the Warsaw Uprising held?
What type of theater is the Warsaw Fotoplastikon?
Which museum preserves patriotic and political objects connected with Poland's struggles for independence?
How many rooms are in the Warsaw Historical Museum?
Where is the Centre for Contemporary Art located?
How many projects does the Centre for Contemporary Art realize yearly?
What is the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw?
Who holds exhibitions at the Zachęta National Gallery of Art?
When is the Warsaw Gallery Weekend held?
What is Polonia's local rival?
Polonia Warsaw won the country's championship in what year?
How many times has Polonia won the cup?
Where is Polonia's home stadium?
Why was Polonia relegated from the top flight in 2013?
What is the mermaid's name?
What is Warsaw's symbol?
How long has the mermaid been used?
What year is the oldest armed seal in Warsaw?
What weapon is depicted on the seal of Warsaw?
What type of figure is not fully known?
What did two of Triton's daughters set out on a journey through?
Where did two of Triton's daughters decide to stay?
What village did the second mermaid stop to rest on?
What happened to the second mermaid?
Where was Tamara de Lempicka born?
When did Tamara de Lempicka marry Tadeusz Łempicki?
What style of painting did Tamara de Lempicka represent better than anyone else?
What was Nathan Alterman's occupation?
Who was the beloved city of Warsaw?
Who ranked Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world in 2012?
In what year did the Economist Intelligence Unit rank Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world?
What is the economy of Warsaw characterized by?
What exchange is one of the largest in Central and Eastern Europe?
What is the European Union agency for external border security?
When was the first historical reference to Warsaw?
Which city served as the Polish capital city in 1313?
In what year did King Sigismund III Vasa move his court to Warsaw?
Who moved his court from Krakow to Warsaw in 1596?
Why did Warsaw gain the title of "Phoenix City"?
What type of archdiocese is located in Warsaw?
What is the name of the university in Warsaw?
What is the historic city-centre of Warsaw listed as?
St. John's Cathedral is an example of what type of architecture?
What is around a quarter of Warsaw filled with?
What is the official name of Warsaw?
What does Warszawa mean?
Who was Warsz?
What did Warsz own?
What is the official city name of Warsaw?
Which settlement was raided by nearby clans and dukes?
Who was Bolesław II of Masovia?
In what year was Warszowa established?
In what year did Warsaw become the official capital of Masovian Duchy?
In what year was the duchy reincorporated into the polish crown?
In 1529, Warsaw became the seat of what?
When was the General Sejm permanent?
What did the Warsaw Confederation establish in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
Why did Warsaw become the capital of the Commonwealth?
In what year did King Sigismund III Vasa move his court from Krakow to Warsaw?
How long did Warsaw remain the capital of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
What kingdom annexed Warsaw in 1796?
Who liberated Warsaw in 1806?
In what year was the Congress of Vienna held?
When was the Royal University of Warsaw established?
When was Warsaw occupied by Germany?
Where did Germany withdraw from?
Who led the Second Polish Republic?
In what year was the Battle of Warsaw fought?
Who won the Battle of Warsaw?
When did the Germans invade Poland?
What was the General Government?
What percentage of Warsaw's Jewish population was transferred into the Warsaw Ghetto?
When was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising launched?
How long did the Warsaw Ghetto hold out?
Who was pursuing the Germans in 1944?
Why did the Polish government give orders to the Home Army?
When did the Warsaw Uprising begin?
How long did the Warsaw Uprising last?
How many Polish civilians were killed in the Warsaw Uprising?
What was the name of the campaign that was started after World War II?
What type of housing projects were built in Warsaw to address the housing shortage?
The Palace of Culture and Science is an example of what type of building?
What is a notable building in Warsaw that was given to the Soviet Union?
What list was Warsaw's Old Town added to in 1980?
Who visited Poland in 1979 and 1983?
What did John Paul II's visits to Poland promote?
How long after becoming pope did Paul II celebrate Mass in Warsaw?
Where did John Paul II celebrate Mass in Poland in 1979?
What did the Polish people understand the words of John Paul II?
How far is Warsaw from the Carpathian Mountains?
How many miles is Warsaw from Berlin?
What river does Warsaw share with?
How tall is the Szczęśliwice hill?
Where is the lowest point in Warsaw?
How many geomorphologic formations is Warsaw located on?
What geologic formation is located on the plain moraine plateau?
What plateau is located on the Vistula Valley?
What river divides Warsaw into two parts?
What is the edge of the moraine plateau called?
What type of escarpment covers most of the Vistula terraces?
What does the highest Vistula terrace contain?
The current flooded terrace still has visible what?
There are several levels of what terraces?
What type of forest covers the highest terrace?
What does Warsaw's architectural styles reflect?
When was Warsaw razed to the ground?
When did Warsaw begin rebuilding?
What is an example of a building from the 19th century that was destroyed in the 1950s and 1960s?
What was the basic design of Warsaw's residential blocks?
St. John's Cathedral is an example of what type of architecture?
When was St. John's Cathedral built?
St. John's Cathedral is a typical example of what style of architecture?
The house of Baryczko merchant family is an example of what type of architecture?
The Royal Castle is an example of what type of architecture?
During what century did building activity occur in palaces and churches?
When was St. Kazimierz Church built?
What type of architecture is Czapski Palace?
What type of architecture is the Palace on the Water?
When was the Palace on the Water built?
What type of architecture was Kronenberg Palace?
What happened to most of the bourgeois architecture of the later periods?
What style of architecture was Kronenberg Palace rebuilt in?
What is the most interesting of the late 19th century architecture?
What are Saxon Palace and Brühl Palace considered to be?
How many places are commemorating the heroic history of Warsaw?
What is the name of the German Gestapo prison in Warsaw?
What is the name of the 19th century fortification built after the defeat of the November Uprising?
Who did the Little Insurgent commemorate?
What is the name of the monument erected in memory of the Warsaw Uprising?
What type of spaces are the Botanic Garden and University Library?
Where is the palm house in Praga?
Where was the first horse racetrack?
What park is close to the Sejm and John Lennon street?
When was a zoological garden established on the park grounds?
What is the main source of species richness in Warsaw?
Where is Bielany Forest located?
What is Bielany Forest a part of?
What is the name of the forest by the southern city border?
How many botanic gardens does Warsaw have?
How many people lived in Warsaw in 1939?
How many people lived in Warsaw in 1945?
When was the Warsaw area enlargement?
What did Varsovians think of themselves because they lived in the capital?
What were the city authorities forced to introduce in 1951?
What type of city has Warsaw been?
What was the population of Warsaw in 1901?
What percentage of Warsaw's population was Catholic in 1901?
What percentage of Warsaw's population is Protestants?
In what year was the Warsaw Uprising?
What is the basic unit of territorial division in Poland?
What are the units of the second level territorial division?
Which city does not have entitlements of powiat?
What is the name of the legislative body in Warsaw?
How many members are on the Warsaw City Council?
How often are members of the Warsaw City Council elected?
What does the Warsaw City Council divide itself into?
How long does it take for the Council to override a veto?
What is the mayor of Warsaw called?
Who was the first president of Warsaw?
When was Jan Andrzej Menich president?
Who elects the president of Warsaw?
Who elects the mayor of Centrum?
What is the city centre of Warsaw called?
How many companies were registered in Warsaw in 2006?
What is Warsaw ranked as the 7th greatest?
What percentage of Poland's national income does Warsaw produce?
What was the nominal GDP of Warsaw in 2010?
When was Warsaw's first stock exchange established?
Warsaw's first stock exchange ceased trading after what war?
When was the Warsaw Stock Exchange reestablished?
How many companies are listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange?
What was the former headquarters of the Warsaw Stock Exchange?
When was the FSO Car Factory established?
What was the name of the FSO car factory model?
Who purchased the FSO Car Factory in 1995?
Who bought the FSO Car Factory in 2005?
What car did AvtoZAZ manufacture?
What is the Polish name for Warsaw?
What is the capital of Poland?
On what river does Warsaw stand?
What is the metropolitan area of Warsaw?
Where does Warsaw rank in terms of population in the EU?
What is the capital of Poland?
On what river does Warsaw stand?
How far is Warsaw from the Baltic Sea?
What is the population of Warsaw's metropolitan area?
Where does Warsaw rank in terms of population in the EU?
In what country is Normandy located?
When did the Normans give their name to Normandy?
Where did the Normans come from?
Who was the leader of the Normans?
In what century did the Normans establish their distinct cultural and ethnic identity?
Who was the duke of Roger II?
Who was the ruler of Normandy during this period?
What orthodoxy did the Normans abandon?
What does Nordmannus mean in English?
In what century was the Medieval Latin term Nordmannus first used?
When did the Duchy of Normandy begin?
Who was the ruler of West Francia at the time?
What river did the Duchy extend west to?
Who settled Normandy?
What religion did the descendants of Rollo's Vikings replace the Norse religion with?
In what part of France did the descendants of Rollo's Vikings combine their maternal Frankish heritage with Old Norse traditions?
By 1066 Normandy had been exporting what for more than a generation?
When did a Saracen attack occur?
What shrine did the Normans visit in 1016?
Where was the shrine of the Archangel Michael?
Who was the leader of the Hauteville family?
What was the name of the elected leader of the Hauteville family?
From where did the Normans capture Sicily and Malta?
When was Roger II of Sicily crowned king?
Where is William Iron Arm's citadel located?
What was the name of the text written by Roger II of Sicily?
What does Kitab Rudjdjar mean?
What type of bureaucracy did the Normans have?
Along with the Pechenegs and Bulgars, who did the Normans fight in Armenia?
When did Hervé serve as a Byzantine general?
When did Robert Crispin lead the Normans of Edessa against the Turks?
Who stopped Roussel de Bailleul?
What was the name of the castle founded by the Normans?
Where did Raimbaud hail from?
Who did some Normans join to aid in the destruction of Sassoun and Taron?
What was the origin of many Byzantine families?
Who drove the Byzantines out of southern Italy?
In what year did the garrison of Dyrrachium resist?
How many men did Robert Guiscard lead his army in 1081?
What city did Bohemond sign a peace treaty with?
Who commanded the Normans after the First Crusade?
What city did Bohemond sign a peace treaty with?
In what year did a third attack occur on Dyrrachium?
Where did the Norman army invade in 1185?
Dyrrachium is one of the most important naval bases of what region?
Who was the ruler of England in this period?
Who was Emma's father?
Where did Ethelred flee to?
Who forced Ethelred II of England from his kingdom?
Who invited Edward the Confessor to return from his father's refuge?
When did Edward the Confessor return from his father's refuge?
Who did Edward appoint as archbishop of Canterbury?
At what battle did Duke William II of Normandy kill King Harold II?
Who was the Duke of Normandy in 1066?
In what year did Duke William II of Normandy conquer England?
What group did the Normans replace as the ruling class of England?
What did the Anglo-Norman language eventually evolve into?
When did the Normans invade Bannow Bay?
Where did the Normans settle?
What culture did the Normans have a profound effect on?
Who was the claimant of the English throne opposing William the Conqueror?
Who married Edgar's sister Margaret?
When did William invade Scotland?
What was the name of King Malcolm III's son?
Who did Alexander I marry?
What ancestry can all of the later royal House of Stewart be traced back to?
Where was Ralph the earl?
Who did Ralph fight with?
Who set up Ralph as earl of Hereford?
What part of Wales was subject to Norman interference?
When did Roger de Tosny travel to the Iberian Peninsula to carve out a state for himself?
Who led the papal army during the War of Barbastro?
When was the Siege of Antioch?
Who was instrumental in the conquest of Jerusalem?
Tancred was instrumental in the conquest of what city?
How long did the Third Crusade rule Cyprus?
What dispersed Richard's fleet?
What was the name of Richard's sister and fiancée?
In what year did Richard leave Messina with a large fleet?
Who took the wrecks of Richard's fleet prisoner?
Who did the princes declare their support for?
What kind of chains were Isaac confined with?
Who was one of the princes who arrived in Limassol at the same time?
Who married Berengaria while in Limassol?
When was the wedding held?
What was one of the grand ceremonies?
In what year did the Venetians gain full control of Cyprus?
Who bought Cyprus after the Anglo-Norman conquest?
What continent were the Canarian islands of Lanzarote and Fuerteventura located on?
Who took the title of King of the Canary Islands?
Who did Maciot de Bethencourt sell the rights to the islands to?
Who sold the Canary Islands to Enrique Pérez de Guzmán?
Where are the legal systems of Jersey and Guernsey located?
How many customaries were transcribed in Latin for use by judges?
What idiom did Norman architecture spread to England and Italy?
What type of arches were typical in Norman architecture?
What is the period of Norman architecture preceded by the Anglo-Saxon?
What period preceded the Early Gothic in England?
In what Kingdom did the Normans create a unique style of architecture?
When did the dukes begin a programme of church reform?
Who used the church as a unifying force for their disparate duchy?
When were the French Wars of Religion?
What is the Bayeux Tapestry a work of?
What is the most famous work of Norman art?
Who commissioned the Bayeux Tapestry?
What type of mosaics were common in Norman Italy?
In what century was the system of denoting notes by letters developed?
Who were the Italian abbots at Fécamp?
Where did the monks of Saint Evroul flee to?
Where did the monks of Saint Evroul establish?
Who patronised the monks of Saint Evroul?
What tradition had developed at Saint Evroul?
What was Nikola Tesla's birth date?
What was Nikola Tesla's nationality?
In what year did Nikola Tesla die?
What was Nikola Tesla's birth date?
In what year did Nikola Tesla die?
What was Nikola Tesla's nationality?
What does AC stand for?
In what year did Tesla immigrate to the United States?
Who did Tesla work for in New York City?
Who licensed Tesla's AC induction motor and transformer?
In what city did Tesla work for Thomas Edison?
What was the name of the corporate alternating current/direct current conflict that Tesla was involved in?
In what year did Tesla immigrate to the United States?
Who did Tesla work for in New York City?
In what city did Tesla work for Thomas Edison?
Who licensed Tesla's AC induction motor and transformer?
What was the name of the AC induction motor that Tesla patented?
When did Tesla make his early pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication?
What was the name of the electric distribution project that Tesla worked on?
What did Tesla experiment with in his lab?
In what city did Tesla conduct high-voltage power experiments?
When did Tesla make his early pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication?
What was one of the first things Tesla built?
What was the name of the unfinished intercontinental wireless transmission project?
In what year did Tesla die?
What was the tesla named in honor of Tesla?
Where did Tesla live most of his life?
What was Tesla's nickname in popular culture?
What earned Tesla a considerable amount of money?
In what year did Tesla die?
What was the tesla named in honor of Tesla?
When did there a resurgence in popular interest in Tesla?
What was Tesla known for that earned him a reputation in popular culture?
In what modern country is Smiljan located?
What was Milutin Tesla's father's occupation?
What kind of memory did Nikola Tesla have?
How did Nikola Tesla attribute his eidetic memory and creative abilities?
What was Milutin Tesla's father's occupation?
Who was Nikola Tesla's father?
Who was Nikola Tesla's mother?
What talent did Nikola Tesla's mother have?
What did Nikola Tesla attribute his creative abilities to?
How many children did Tesla have?
What language did Nikola study at the "Lower" or "Primary" School in Smiljan?
In what year did the Tesla family move to Gospić?
What was the name of Tesla's older brother?
What were the names of Tesla's sisters?
What happened to Nikola's older brother, Dane?
Where did the Tesla family move to in 1862?
What was the occupation of Tesla's father?
Who was Tesla's math teacher?
What language were Tesla's math classes in?
What math ability caused his teachers to believe that he was cheating?
What did his teachers believe of him?
In what year did Tesla graduate from Higher Real Gymnasium?
In what year did Tesla move to Karlovac?
Why did Tesla move to Karlovac?
Who was Tesla's math teacher?
What language were Tesla's math classes in?
In what year did Tesla graduate from Higher Real Gymnasium?
What illness did Tesla contracted?
How long was Tesla bedridden after contracting cholera?
What school did Tesla's father want him to go to?
What did Tesla's father originally want him to do?
What was the name of Tesla's birthtown?
In what year did Tesla return to Smiljan?
What illness did Tesla contracted?
How long was Tesla bedridden after contracting cholera?
What did Tesla's father originally want him to do?
What did Tesla's father promise?
Where did Tesla run away from being drafted into the army?
Which author's works helped Tesla recover from his illness?
What did Tesla explore in hunter's garb?
When did Tesla escape being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army?
In what clothing did Tesla explore the mountains?
What did Tesla evade in 1874?
When did Tesla escape being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army?
What did Tesla do to escape being drafted into the army?
Which author's works helped Tesla recover from his illness?
In what year did Tesla enroll at Austrian Polytechnic?
Where did Tesla enroll in 1875?
In what year did Tesla's father die?
What did Tesla become addicted to at the end of his second year at Austrian Polytechnic?
How many Sundays did Tesla work?
Where was Austrian Polytechnic located?
In what year did Tesla enroll at Austrian Polytechnic?
In what year did Tesla's father die?
What did Tesla do during his third year at Austrian Polytechnic?
What was the warning Tesla received from his father?
What did Tesla do to hide his drop out of school?
Why did Nikola leave Graz?
What was Nikola Tesla's job in Maribor?
What did Milutin Tesla ask his son to do?
What did Nikola suffer at the same time as Milutin Tesla?
In what year did Nikola drop out of school?
What did Tesla hide from his family?
Why did Nikola drop out of school?
What was the occupation of Nikola Tesla in Maribor?
What did Nikola suffer at the same time as Milutin Tesla?
Why was Tesla returned to Gospić?
When did Milutin Tesla die?
How old was Milutin Tesla when he died?
What did some sources say Milutin Tesla died of?
What did Tesla do for a large class of students in Higher Real Gymnasium?
Why was Tesla returned to Gospić?
In what year did Milutin Tesla die?
What was Milutin Tesla's old school called?
What was the cause of Milutin Tesla's death?
Which city did Tesla leave Gospić for?
How did Tesla enroll at Charles-Ferdinand University?
How did Tesla attend lectures at Charles-Ferdinand University?
Which university did Tesla arrive too late to enroll at?
Which city did Tesla leave Gospić for?
In what year did Tesla leave Gospić for Prague?
Which university did Tesla arrive too late to enroll at?
Who put together enough money to help Tesla leave Gospić?
Where did Tesla move in 1881?
What telegraph company did Ferenc Puskás work for?
What position was given to Tesla after the Budapest Telephone Exchange became functional?
What did Tesla claim to have perfected?
What did Tesla do instead of working in the Central Telegraph Office?
In what year did Tesla move to Budapest?
What was the Budapest Telephone Exchange?
What telegraph company did Ferenc Puskás work for?
What position was given to Tesla after the Budapest Telephone Exchange became functional?
In what year did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company?
In what country was the Continental Edison Company located?
In 1884, Tesla moved to what city?
Who hired Tesla to work at Edison Machine Works?
What was the name of Thomas Edison's factory in Manhattan?
What company did Tesla work for in France?
In what country was the Continental Edison Company located?
In what year did Tesla move to New York City?
Who hired Tesla to work at Edison Machine Works?
On what side of Manhattan was the Edison Machine Works located?
How much money did Edison offer to redesign Edison's power plant?
How much did Edison offer Tesla?
How long did it take for Tesla to complete the task of redesigning Edison's generators?
How much money did Edison offer to redesign Edison's power plant?
What did Edison say Tesla didn't understand?
How much did Edison offer to Tesla?
What two businessmen partnered with Tesla to finance an electric lighting company?
What was the name of the electric lighting company founded by Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail?
What did Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing do?
What type of patents were granted to Tesla in the US?
What were the first patents granted to Tesla in the US?
What two businessmen partnered with Tesla to finance an electric lighting company?
In what year did Tesla partner with two businessmen?
What was the name of the electric lighting company founded by Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail?
What did Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing do?
The first patents were issued to what company in the US?
What did the investors do to Tesla?
How did the investors leave Tesla?
What job did Tesla work for $2 per day?
During what years did Tesla suffer from terrible headaches and bitter tears?
Why did Tesla lose control of his patents?
What job did Tesla work for $2 per day?
Where did Tesla work for $2 per day?
What was Alfred S. Brown's occupation?
When did Tesla and Brown form the Tesla Electric Company?
How much money did the agreement say would go to the Tesla Electric Company?
In what city was the Tesla laboratory located?
In what year did Tesla meet Alfred S. Brown?
What was Alfred S. Brown's occupation?
What New York attorney did Tesla meet in 1886?
Where did Tesla set up a laboratory?
What company did Peck and Peck form in 1887?
What was one of the things Tesla developed in 1887?
When was the induction motor patented?
What did the induction motor not need?
What did the induction motor avoid?
How was the induction motor created?
In what year did Tesla invent his induction motor?
Why was an induction motor developed at Tesla's laboratory?
What did the induction motor not need to constantly replace?
In what year was the induction motor patented?
What position did Thomas Commerford Martin hold?
Where did Martin demonstrate his alternating current system?
In what year did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system?
How did Westinghouse respond to the idea of a magnetic field-based induction motor?
Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888?
Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888?
Who did engineers working for Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company report that Tesla had a viable AC motor?
Who presented a patent for a magnetic field-based induction motor in 1888?
What was the profession of Galileo Ferraris?
What company did Martin work for?
In what year did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with George Westinghouse?
How much did George Westinghouse pay for Tesla's induction motor and transformer designs?
Who did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with in 1888?
What did Westinghouse hire Tesla to be in his labs?
How much did George Westinghouse pay for Tesla's induction motor and transformer designs?
In what year did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with George Westinghouse?
How much did Westinghouse pay for a consultant?
In what city were Westinghouse's labs located?
What city did Tesla work in during that year?
What did Tesla create in Pittsburgh?
What type of AC current system did Tesla propose?
What type of motor did Westinghouse decide to use instead of the induction motor?
Why did Tesla work in Pittsburgh?
What did Westinghouse engineer use instead of the induction motor?
Which two men were in the "War of Currents"?
What type of system did the "War of Currents" begin as a competition between?
What did Edison Machine Works pursue in 1890?
What was Thomas Edison's company consolidated into in 1892?
What type of system was the "War of Currents"?
Who held all the patents for DC lighting?
In what year did the "War of Currents" begin?
Why was development of Tesla's motor put on hold?
What was Thomas Edison's company consolidated into in 1892?
Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
Where was the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held?
What company won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
What was the name of the electrical system displayed at the Columbian Exposition?
What was the name of the electrical system displayed at the Columbian Exposition?
Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
Where was the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held?
In what year did George Westinghouse win the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
The World's Fair was a key event in the history of what type of power?
Who headed up the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company in 1893?
Which falls did Richard Dean Adams head up?
Who won the contract to build a two-phase AC system at the Niagara Falls?
Which company was awarded a contract to build the AC system at the Niagara Falls?
What type of system did Adams think would be the most reliable?
Who headed up the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company in 1893?
In what year did Richard Dean Adams seek Tesla's opinion?
What type of system did Adams think would be the most reliable?
What did Adams think a two-phased system would be?
When was a patent-sharing agreement signed between General Electric and Westinghouse?
How much did Westinghouse Electric pay for the patents?
What was Westinghouse's overly generous payment to Tesla?
How much did Westinghouse pay out in licenses and royalties?
Which financier backed General Electric in the 1890s?
How much money had Westinghouse paid out to Tesla?
How much did Westinghouse Electric pay for the patents?
How old was Tesla when he became a naturalized citizen?
In what city was Tesla's South Fifth Avenue laboratory located?
What type of light did Tesla use to demonstrate his wireless power transmission?
What did Tesla patent in 1891?
In what year did Tesla become a naturalized citizen of the US?
What did Tesla patent in 1891?
How old was Tesla when he became a naturalized citizen?
What type of power transmission did Tesla demonstrate the potential of?
What organization did Tesla serve as a vice president of?
What organization did Tesla serve as a vice president of?
When did Tesla become president of the IEEE?
What position did Tesla hold at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
When did Tesla serve as a vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
Along with the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, what was the forerunner of the IEEE?
Why did Tesla begin investigating radiant energy of invisible kinds?
What caused much of Tesla's research to be lost?
When did Wilhelm Röntgen announce the discovery of x-rays?
What was the only thing that was captured in the image of Twain?
In what year did Tesla begin investigating radiant energy of invisible kinds?
What is another name for radiant energy of invisible kinds?
What caused much of Tesla's research to be lost?
What did Tesla think he had accidentally captured?
What famous author was illuminated by a Geissler tube?
What is radiography?
When was Röntgen's discovery of X-ray imaging?
What does X-ray imaging stand for?
What did Tesla create in his experiments?
What was the output of the X-ray tube that Tesla created?
In what year did Tesla discover X-ray imaging?
What was the output of the X-ray tube that Tesla created?
What type of rays did Tesla believe his circuit would enable one to generate?
What did Tesla incorrectly believe about X-rays?
What did Tesla believe caused skin damage?
What did Tesla attribute to various causes of X-ray production?
What were the hazards of working with?
Where can plasma waves in X-rays occur?
What did Tesla believe caused skin damage?
What did Tesla incorrectly believe X-rays to be?
Where can plasma waves in X-rays occur?
How did Tesla describe the dangers of X-ray production devices?
Who was a Westinghouse engineer at the beginning of 1893?
In what year did Westinghouse engineer Benjamin Lamme begin working on his own system?
Which company branded their complete polyphase phase AC system as the "Tesla Polyphase System"?
What was the copper egg stand on end called?
Who created the Egg of Columbus?
In what year did the New York Herald Tribune publish an article on Tesla?
What did a particle do to Tesla when it passed out of a vacuum tube?
How did Tesla feel when a particle passed out of his vacuum tube?
What did Tesla compare the particles in his electric gun to?
What organization did Tesla speak at in 1893?
What device was used in the development of radio waves?
What was the name of the institute that discussed the possibility of transmission by radio waves?
In what year did Tesla demonstrate his radio-controlled boat?
What did Tesla call his radio-controlled boat?
Where did Tesla demonstrate his radio-controlled boat?
What was teleautomaton?
What animal was in charge of the boat?
In what year was Tesla granted patents for a system of transmitting electrical energy?
Whose claim to certain patents were questionable?
When did Guglielmo Marconi make his famous first-ever transatlantic radio transmission?
In what year did the Supreme Court restore the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone?
Who restored the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone?
In what year did Tesla move to Colorado Springs?
From Pikes Peak to where did Tesla conduct his wireless telegraphy experiments?
On what date did Tesla conduct his first experiments at his Colorado Springs lab?
How long was Tesla's initial spark length?
What type of electricity did Tesla investigate?
What type of waves did Tesla observe during this time?
What did Tesla believe about the earth?
What did Edison create?
Up to how long was the lightning?
How far away was the sound of lightning?
How did light bulbs within 100 feet of the lab glow?
What was happening to the Butterflies?
What happened when Tesla accidentally faulted a power station generator?
What happened to the dynamos in a power house six miles away?
What set up the dynamos in a power house six miles away that caused them to burn out?
What damage did the sparks cause to the insulation of the power house?
What did Tesla conclude the unusual signals from his receiver were?
What planet did reporters believe Tesla was hearing signals from?
In what magazine did Tesla expand on his observations?
What may have caused Tesla to believe he was hearing signals from another planet?
When was Marconi's European experiments?
How much did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla in 1899?
Why did John Jacob Astor IV invest $100,000?
Why did Tesla use the money?
In what year did John Jacob Astor IV invest $100,000 for Tesla?
In what year did Tesla leave Colorado Springs?
What happened to Tesla's lab in 1904?
In what year was Tesla's lab torn down?
What happened to Tesla's lab after it was torn down?
What is the name of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility?
What was Wardenclyffe?
Where is Wardenclyffe?
Who did Tesla ask for more money to build a transmitter?
What event caused Tesla to ask for more money?
How did Morgan feel about Tesla's breach of contract?
How many letters did Tesla write to Morgan?
What did Tesla ask for additional funding for?
What ended Tesla's relationship with Morgan?
How tall was the Wardenclyffe tower?
How many horsepower did Tesla demonstrate on his 50th birthday?
How high was Tesla's 200kW bladeless turbine?
In what year did Tesla celebrate his 50th birthday?
What was the range of HP of Tesla's bladeless turbine engines tested at?
What type of steam powered mechanical oscillator did Tesla create?
At what lab did Tesla create a mechanical oscillator?
How did the oscillator work?
What magazine printed the article "Nikola Tesla, Dreamer"?
What did Tesla claim would happen if he continued his experiment?
What did Tesla theorize enhanced intelligence?
How did Tesla make dull students bright?
Who was the superintendent of New York City schools in 1912?
Who was William H. Maxwell?
Before World War I, Tesla sought what type of investors?
What happened to Tesla's funding after World War I?
What did Tesla do with Wardenclyffe?
How much did Tesla sell Wardenclyffe for?
What award did Tesla receive in 1917?
What magazine did Tesla publish in 1917?
What was the electric ray viewed on?
What did Tesla's fluorescent screen resemble?
Who helped develop France's first radar system?
Who won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics?
Who won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics?
What were unsubstantiated rumors at the time?
After what event could a recipient decline a Nobel Prize?
According to some accounts, what was the reason Edison and Tesla were given the award?
How many possible bids did Edison receive in 1937?
Who did not win the prize?
In what year did Tesla receive one of 38 possible bids?
What was the name of Tesla's last patent?
What type of aircraft did Tesla patent?
What did Tesla think the plane would sell for?
What type of engines did Tesla propose for rotor aircraft?
How much did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company begin paying Tesla in 1934?
What did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company begin paying Tesla in 1934?
For how long did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla?
What was Westinghouse worried about?
What type of energy did Tesla announce in 1935?
How much loss did Tesla claim to have with regards to mechanical energy?
How much loss did Tesla claim to have over any terrestrial distance?
In 1935, Tesla announced a method of accurately determining the location of what?
In what year did Tesla announce a method of transmitting mechanical energy with minimal loss over any terrestrial distance?
What did Tesla do after he left the Hotel New Yorker?
What did Tesla refuse to consult?
What happened to Tesla's ribs in the crash?
When was Tesla able to get up?
When did Tesla leave the Hotel New Yorker to feed the pigeons?
What did Tesla make claims about after studying the Van de Graaff generator?
What did Tesla study to make his claim of a teleforce weapon?
Along with anti-aircraft purposes, what type of ground-based weapon was the Van de Graaff generator capable of being used against?
Along with ground-based infantry, what type of use did Tesla claim the Van de Graaff generator could be used for?
What term did the press use to describe the "teleforce" weapon?
In what year did Tesla announce his death ray?
Where did Tesla announce his death ray?
What metal is the death ray based on?
What did Tesla use to accelerate the tungsten pellets?
How much time does it take to give the death ray to the world?
The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy through the Natural Media concerns what?
Where is The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy currently located?
Where is the Nikola Tesla Museum located?
How many volts does the electric charge of a charged particle beam weapon charge?
What did Tesla hope to end with his work?
What did Tesla claim had been made to do during the negotiations?
Where was the blueprint for the teleforce weapon stored?
What had been scrutinized in Tesla's room?
How old was Tesla when he died?
On what date did Tesla die?
Who found Tesla's body?
What did Alice Monaghan ignore when she entered Tesla's room?
What was the cause of Tesla's death?
What did the FBI do two days later?
Who was the professor at M.I.T.?
What did Trump conclude about the contents of Tesla's possessions?
Where was Tesla's entire estate taken?
Who read a eulogy written by Slovene-American author Louis Adamic?
Who wrote the eulogy for Tesla?
On what date did Tesla's funeral take place?
How many people attended the state funeral for Tesla?
Where did the state funeral for Tesla take place?
Where was Tesla's entire estate shipped in 1952?
Who pressured Tesla's nephew to send his entire estate to Belgrade?
Who was Kosanovic's secretary in 1957?
Where was Tesla's entire estate shipped in 1952?
In what museum are Tesla's ashes displayed?
How many patents did Tesla obtain worldwide for his inventions?
How many countries have accounted for the minimum amount of Tesla patents?
In addition to the United States and Britain, in what other country did Tesla get patents?
Where have some of Tesla's patents been found?
What time did Tesla typically eat dinner at Delmonico's restaurant?
How long did Tesla work every day?
At what time of day did Tesla typically resume his work?
Who did Tesla usually order his dinner from?
How far did Tesla walk for exercise?
For what activity did Tesla walk between 8 to 10 miles per day?
How did Tesla do to stimulate his brain cells?
What did Tesla claim the walking stimulated?
What did Tesla say he did not believe in?
What was Arthur Brisbane's job title?
How many fundamental laws did Tesla believe could be reduced to?
What animals did Tesla feed at the park?
How much did Tesla spend to fix a pigeon?
What did Tesla fix in his pigeon?
Where did Tesla walk to at the end of his life?
Where did Tesla keep injured pigeons?
How much did Tesla weigh?
How tall was Tesla?
During what years did Tesla have almost no weight variance?
In what city was Tesla an elegant, stylish figure?
How many languages did Tesla speak?
What was Tesla's illness often accompanied by?
What is the construction stage of Tesla's mind called?
What would appear before Tesla's eyes during his illness?
What type of memory did Tesla supposedly possess?
How long did Tesla spend at a gaming table during his second year at Graz?
How long did Tesla work in his laboratory without sleep or rest?
Where did Tesla spend his second year of study?
Who said that Tesla rarely slept?
What was Kenneth Swezey's occupation?
What trait did Tesla attribute to his scientific abilities?
Who was rumored to have been vying for Tesla's affection?
When did Tesla tell a reporter he regretted not marrying?
Who was Tesla's loyal secretary?
Who described Tesla as having a "distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, and generosity"?
What was Tesla prone to doing with his work?
What type of person was Tesla?
What was Julian Hawthorne's profession?
Who did Tesla become friends with in middle age?
Where did Twain spend most of his time?
When did Tesla meet George Sylvester Viereck?
What type of people did Tesla express disgust for?
What position did Tesla fire because of her weight?
Why did Tesla fire a secretary?
What did Tesla tell a subordinate to do?
What type of particle did Tesla believe created an electric charge?
What was the 19th century concept of all pervasive electrical energy?
What did the 19th century concept of an all pervasive ether do?
In what century did Tesla believe in the all pervasive "ether"?
Whose theory of relativity did Tesla disagree with?
How did Tesla feel about theories about the conversion of matter into energy?
What Einstein theory was Tesla critical of?
What dynamic theory did Tesla claim to have completed in 1937?
When did Tesla start working on his physical principle?
What type of space did Tesla claim to have created a dynamic theory of gravity?
How old was Tesla in 1937?
What type of breeding did Tesla support?
What type of nature did Tesla believe humans' selfishness interfered with?
What did Tesla believe humans' lack of?
In what year did Tesla speak out about eugenics?
Who did Tesla think would become the dominant sex in the future?
In what year did Tesla comment on the social subservience of women?
Who did Tesla think would run humanity's future?
What environment did Tesla make predictions about?
What were the great forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War?
When was "Science and Discovery are the great Forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War" published?
What organization did Tesla believe was not a solution for the times and issues of post-World War I?
What religion was Tesla raised in?
What type of religious belief did Tesla oppose?
What religions did Tesla have a profound respect for?
What article did Tesla write in 1937?
How uncertain are Tesla's religious views?
What did Tesla state in his article "A Machine to End?"
What did Tesla write for magazines and journals?
For what publications did Tesla write?
Who edited My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla?
Where are many of Tesla's writings freely available?
In what year was the article "The Problem of Increasing Human Energy" published?
What was the name of the book published by Tesla?
In what genre of literature is the impact of the technologies created or envisioned by Tesla a recurring theme?
In what areas has Tesla's legacy endured?
The impact of the technologies invented or envisioned by Tesla is a recurring theme in how many types of science fiction?
Which magazine featured Tesla on its cover in 1931?
On what anniversary did Time magazine feature Tesla on its cover?
What contribution did Tesla make to the world?
Which famous scientist received a congratulatory letter on Tesla's 75th birthday?
How many people wrote congratulatory letters to Tesla on his 75th birthday?
What is a branch of the theory of computation that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty?
Computational complexity theory classifies computational problems according to what?
Computational complexity theory focuses on classifying what?
When is a problem considered inherently difficult?
What did computational complexity theory introduce to study problems?
What are two resources that computational complexity theory quantifies?
What is an example of a complexity measure?
What is one of the roles of computational complexity theory?
What are two related fields in theoretical computer science?
What is one of the most closely related fields in theoretical computer science?
What theory asks what kind of problems can be solved algorithmically?
What theory asks what kind of problems can be solved algorithmically?
What is the input string for a computational problem referred to as?
What should the input string for a computational problem not be confused with?
What kind of utterance is an instance of a computational complexity theory?
A computational problem can be viewed as an infinite collection of what?
What is the output corresponding to the given input?
How many kilometres does a traveling salesman need to travel through all of Germany's 15 largest cities?
What is the quantitative answer to the traveling salesman problem?
What does complexity theory address?
What is a string over an alphabet?
What is the alphabet usually taken to be when considering computational problems?
What are the strings of a computer called?
In what format can integers be represented?
How can graphs be encoded in binary notation?
What is one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory?
What is the answer to a decision problem in a formal language?
Which two numbers are used to describe a decision problem?
What is the final answer of a decision problem?
What is the final answer of a decision problem?
What is the input of a decision problem?
What is associated with the decision problem?
What does one have to decide to obtain a precise definition of the decision problem?
What is a function problem?
What is expected for every input in a function problem?
What is a computational problem where a single output is expected for every input called?
What is an example of a function problem?
What type of problem is a function problem?
The notion of function problems is much richer than what notion?
The multiplication of two integers can be expressed as what?
What is one way to measure the difficulty of solving a computational problem?
What determines the running time of an algorithm?
How is the time required to solve a problem calculated?
The size of the input is usually calculated as the size of what?
What is Complexity theory interested in how algorithms scale?
What says that a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits a polynomial time algorithm?
What can be expressed as a function of n?
What is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n?
What is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n?
If T(n) is a polynomial in n, what is the algorithm said to be?
What is a mathematical model of a general computing machine?
What is believed to solve a problem in a Turing machine?
What is the most commonly used model in complexity theory?
What does a Turing machine manipulate on a strip of tape?
What is the most basic Turing machine?
What does a deterministic Turing machine use to determine its future actions?
What is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits?
What is a deterministic Turing machine with a feature of non-determinism?
What are algorithms that use random bits called?
What are deterministic Turing machines used to define?
When resources are bounded, what may be more powerful than others?
What types of Turing machines are used to define complexity classes?
What type of machine model is similar to the multi-tape Turing machines?
Random access machines can be converted to another model without providing what extra?
What type of consumption may vary between models?
What do random access machines have in common?
What kind of Turing machine has very little to do with how we want to compute algorithms?
What are some computational problems easier to analyze in terms of?
The non-deterministic Turing machine's branching exactly captures many of what?
What is a very important resource in analyzing computational problems?
The time required by a deterministic Turing machine M on input x is the total number of what?
What is complexity theory interested in classifying problems based on?
What is the set of problems solvable within time f(n) on a deterministic Turing machine called?
What kind of space does a deterministic Turing machine operate within?
Time and space are the most well-known what?
What can any complexity measure be viewed as?
What are complexity measures generally defined by?
What is defined by the Blum complexity axioms?
What is defined by the Blum complexity axioms?
What are the three types of case complexity?
The best, worst, and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring time complexity of different inputs of the same size, what else?
What do the three different ways of measuring complexity refer to?
The best, worst and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring the time complexity of different what?
What solves the problem of sorting a list of integers that is given as the input?
What is the worst case when the input is sorted or sorted in reverse order?
What does the worst case of quicksort take?
What is the minimum amount of time required to solve a given problem?
Analyzing a particular algorithm falls under what field?
What bounds make a statement about all possible algorithms that solve a given problem?
What is the lowest bound of T(n) for time complexity of a problem?
Lower bounds make a statement about what?
What type of notation hides constant factors and smaller terms?
What does big O notation hide?
What would one write in big O notation if T(n) = 7n2 + 15n + 40?
Big O notation makes bounds independent of the specific details of what?
What class has complicated definitions that do not fit into the framework?
Some complicated definitions do not fit into what framework?
What do some complexity classes have that do not fit into the framework?
What do complexity classes depend on?
The language {xx | x is any binary string} can be solved in what time?
The language {xx | x is any binary string} requires quadratic time in what model?
What states that time complexities in any two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related?
What is the set of decision problems solvable by a deterministic Turing machine within polynomial time?
What do many important complexity classes bind to?
What is the term for the time or space used by an algorithm?
What type of decision problems can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm?
What are some important complexity classes?
AC and NC are defined using what type of circuits?
BQP and QMA are defined using what kind of Turing machines?
What is an important complexity class of counting problems?
IP and AM are defined using what kind of proof system?
Relaxing the requirements on what defines a bigger set of problems is desirable?
Where is DTIME(n) contained?
The answer to time and space requirements is given by what?
What do hierarchy theorems induce?
Having deduced proper set inclusions, we can proceed to make what kind of statements about how much more additional time or space is needed?
What are the basis for most separation results of complexity classes?
The time hierarchy theorem tells us that P is strictly contained in what?
The space hierarchy theorem tells us L is strictly contained in what?
What is a transformation of one problem into another problem called?
A reduction is a transformation of one problem into what?
If a problem X can be solved using an algorithm for Y, what does X do to Y?
What are Cook reductions and Levin reductions?
What is polynomial time reductions or log-space reductions?
What is the most commonly used reduction?
What is squaring an integer reduced to?
What does the reduction process take?
What input must be given to both inputs of the multiplication algorithm?
Squaring is not more difficult than what?
What determines the notion of hard problems?
When is a problem X hard for a class of problems C?
An algorithm for X allows us to do what?
The set of problems that are hard for NP is the set of what kind of problems?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems in NP?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems?
What does being able to reduce a known NP-complete problem to Π1 indicate?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems?
What is the complexity class?
What is the hypothesis that describes the complexity class?
What class contains many problems that people would like to solve efficiently but no efficient algorithm is known?
What is an example of a problem that no efficient algorithm is known for?
What are special non-deterministic Turing machines?
If the answer is yes, many important problems can be shown to have what?
What is an example of a biology problem that can be shown to have more efficient solutions?
How much is the prize for solving the Millennium Prize Problems?
Who showed that if P ≠ NP there exist problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete?
What are problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete called?
What is an example of a problem believed to be NP-intermediate?
What is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic?
If the polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level, is isomorphism not?
What collapses to its second level if graph isomorphism is not NP-complete?
Where does the polynomial time hierarchy collapse to if graph isomorphism is not NP-complete?
Who has run time 2O(√(n log(n))) for graphs with n vertices?
What is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer?
The decision problem is the problem of deciding whether an input has a factor less than what?
What is the RSA algorithm?
What is the best known algorithm for integer factorization?
What has not been proven about many known complexity classes?
What is an example of a complexity class that is not equal to PSPACE?
What are many known complexity classes?
What would be a major breakthrough in complexity theory?
What is the class containing the complement problems?
What happens to the problem with the yes/no answers?
What is it believed about the two complexity classes?
What does it mean if two complexity classes are not equal?
What is the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space?
L is not known if L is strictly contained in P or equal to P?
NL and NC are examples of what type of classes?
What are the many complexity classes between the two?
What is not known about NL and NC?
What are problems that are solved in theory but take too long for their solutions to be useful called?
What type of algorithms might be unusable in practice?
If NP is not the same as P, what are intractable problems?
What decision problem has been shown not to be in P?
Can algorithms solve the problem in reasonable times in most cases?
What problem can algorithms solve in less than quadratic time?
How fast can algorithms solve the NP-complete knapsack problem?
SAT solvers routinely handle large instances of what problem?
What happened before the actual research explicitly devoted to the complexity of algorithmic problems started?
Who defined Turing machines in 1936?
What did Alan Turing define in 1936?
When was Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines released?
What did Alan Turing's definition of Turing machines simplify?
What paper is credited with the beginning of systematic studies in computational complexity?
Who wrote the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms"?
When was the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" published?
The paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" laid out the definitions of what types of complexity?
When was the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" published?
Who defined linear bounded automata?
When was Raymond Smullyan's study of rudimentary sets published?
Who wrote a paper on real-time computations in 1962?
Some proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems regularly assume some concrete choice of what?
One tries to keep the discussion abstract enough to be independent of what choice?
Who developed the speed-up theorem?
What is the name of the axiomatic complexity theory that Blum developed?
What was the title of Richard Karp's 1972 paper?
How many diverse combinatorial and graph theoretical problems did Karp show were NP-complete?
What is the name of the course of study taught by a teacher?
What is the science of teaching?
In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional qualifications or credentials from what?
What do teachers use to facilitate student learning?
Where is the teaching of a child carried out?
What may a teacher's role vary among?
Along with craftsmanship or vocational training, what is an example of a literacy teacher?
Along with literacy and numeracy, vocational training and arts, what is an example of a teacher's role?
Along with literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship, civics and community roles, what other skills can a teacher teach?
Aside from a teacher, who else might assist a student in informal schooling?
In some countries, formal education can take place through what?
What type of education can take place through home schooling?
What kind of role can a teacher occupy in informal schooling?
What do informal learners need in order to receive formal education?
Gurus, mullahs, rabbis and lamas are religious and what other type of teachers?
What type of texts are the Quran, Torah and Bible?
What are some religious texts that religious teachers may teach?
Who may teach religious texts such as the Quran, Torah or Bible?
What is it called when a child is taught in the family?
Who is responsible for teaching in homeschooling?
What is another name for Certified Professional Accountants?
In what community can homeschooling be taught?
Who is responsible for teaching in homeschooling?
What do teachers help organize outside of the classroom?
What type of activities do teachers serve as supervisors for?
What do teachers supervise outside of the classroom?
Who may accompany students on field trips?
What do many governments operate around the world to protect the public interest?
What are teacher's colleges established for?
Who do teacher's colleges protect?
What profession's bodies aim to preserve and update the professional standing?
What do teacher's colleges enforce?
What must teachers in publicly funded schools be in good standing with the college?
What does a teacher's college conduct hearings into?
What may set out clear standards of practice?
What may set out clear standards of practice?
What may set out clear standards of practice?
Outside of school, where else might a teacher work?
What is another term for a teacher who teaches on an individual basis?
Outside of school, where else might a teacher work?
What do teachers do in education?
What type of approach is used to teach?
What are different ways to teach called?
What do teachers often do outside of the classroom?
What has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom?
What technology has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom?
What is a practical goal of a teacher?
Who decides how a teacher follows standardized curricula?
What type of disabilities may a teacher interact with?
What is the youngest age a teacher may interact with?
What type of curricula may a teacher follow?
What do pedagogy assess the educational levels of students on?
Where does the bulk of learning take place?
What does a teacher do to the timid?
What does a teacher do to the cocky?
Who is a teacher similar to?
What is the most significant difference between primary school and secondary school?
What does a primary school teacher teach their students?
Who are primary school teachers taught by?
Which type of school has a teacher who stays with them for most of the week?
What is another term for a parent in secondary schools?
What type of method is used for primary education?
What is another term for a group of students that moves from one specialist to another?
How do students derive a strong sense of security?
What type of teacher do Saskatoon teachers tend to be?
In what country is the Saskatoon system common?
What is defined as two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom?
How many teachers are involved in co-teaching?
What does co-teaching focus on?
How do two or more teachers work to fulfill the needs of every student in a classroom?
What does Co-teaching provide to students to reach their full cognitive potential?
What was the most common form of school discipline?
What was a teacher expected to act as while a child was in school?
What type of parental discipline was open to a child when a teacher was a substitute parent?
How common was corporal punishment in the history of education?
When was corporal punishment most common?
How common was corporal punishment in the past?
What countries have banned corporal punishment?
In what country is corporal punishment still lawful?
What US court ruled that paddling did not violate the Constitution?
What is corporal punishment designed to cause?
How many states have banned corporal punishment?
In what part of the US is corporal punishment mostly banned?
Is corporal punishment in some public schools increasing or declining?
What object is used to administer corporal punishment in American schools?
Where is corporal punishment usually given in American schools?
What is another term for official corporal punishment?
In what countries is corporal punishment still common?
What is the name of the type of corporal punishment?
What is one of the most common punishments in schools?
What is one of the most common punishments in schools?
Where is detention most common?
How do students sit during detention?
What do students have to write during detention?
What type of teacher is an example of a modern example of school discipline?
What is positive reinforcement paired with?
What type of boundaries define what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior?
What is considered to be outside of reasonable discipline?
What are teachers expected to do to their students?
Who advocate a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline?
What region has high standards of education?
What do some teachers claim are the main problems with modern schooling?
What type of discipline do some teachers and parents advocate?
In what country is classroom discipline and behavior highly problematic?
In what country is classroom discipline and behavior highly problematic?
In what country is classroom discipline and behavior highly problematic?
In what country is classroom discipline and behavior highly problematic?
What is the typical class size in a school?
What can a teacher divert from?
What do teachers concentrate their attention on?
What do motivated students receive disproportionate resources from?
What do teachers concentrate their attention on?
What do the Sudbury model democratic schools claim can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority?
Sudbury model democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority for what?
Sudbury model democratic schools claim that the school atmosphere is one of what?
What do the proponents of the Sudbury model democratic schools claim about maintaining public order?
What must a school have in order to be considered democratic?
What type of teacher can affect a positive learning experience?
What do teachers who have a positive disposition towards the course content transfer to receptive students?
What do these teachers not do?
Do students who have enthusiastic teachers rate them higher or lower than teachers who don't?
What is a correlation between students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom?
What were students who experienced a very enthusiastic teacher more likely to do outside of the classroom?
What can cause college students to report higher levels of intrinsic motivation to learn?
What studies have shown that nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm result in higher levels of intrinsic motivation to learn?
Do nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm result in higher or lower levels of intrinsic motivation to learn?
Enthusiastic teachers can lead to students becoming more what in their own learning process?
What is a mechanism by which a teacher can promote higher levels of intrinsic motivation?
What concept can be applied to teacher enthusiasm?
What is an example of a teacher's enthusiasm that feeds student interest in the subject matter?
What are student motivation and attitudes closely linked to?
What type of relationship do enthusiastic teachers have with their students?
What does academic success include?
What must a teacher guide his student in?
What are closely linked to student-teacher relationships?
What type of teachers are likely to have a stronger relationship with students?
What type of teachers are likely to have a stronger relationship with students?
What do supportive teachers spend more time doing?
What type of teachers invite students into their classroom?
What is the third most important aspect of a teacher's enthusiasm?
A teacher who cares for their students is what type of teacher?
Who else can a teacher inspire?
An enthusiastic teacher has the ability to be what in the young ones life?
What must a teacher be enthusiastic about in order to get out of the subject matter?
What is an example of sexual misconduct by teachers?
According to the American Association of University Women, what percentage of students claim to have received unwanted attention from an adult?
In what country did the American Association of University Women report that 9.6% of students claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult?
When did 9.6% of students claim to have received unwanted attention from an adult?
What organization conducted a study about teachers sexual misconduct?
In what country did a study show a 0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse by any professional?
What professions were included in the study in England?
How many young people were in the British study?
Which study included fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency?
Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau are all from which country?
What have several high profile cases in the United States caused?
What has led to several men who enjoy teaching avoiding the profession?
Who is the general secretary of the National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers?
Who has been outraged by Keates' comments?
What has being labelled a pedophile or hebephile led to in some jurisdictions?
Where should teachers who have sex with pupils over the age of consent be placed?
What can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health, productivity and students performance?
What is an occupational hazard of working with a heavy workload?
What are teachers at risk for?
What is an occupational hazard that can negatively impact a teacher's mental and physical health?
What can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health, productivity and students performance?
According to a 2000 study, what percentage of UK teachers experienced occupational stress?
In what country did a 2000 study show that 42% of teachers experienced occupational stress?
How much more stress did the 2000 study reveal about teachers?
In what year did a study show that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers?
Who did a 2012 study find had double the rate of anxiety, depression and stress?
How many ways are there to mitigate the occupational hazards of teaching?
What can be effective in reducing occupational stress among teachers?
What type of intervention is used to relieve occupational stress among teachers?
What can organizational interventions help to reduce?
What can be effective in reducing occupational stress among teachers?
In almost all countries, where are teachers educated?
What do governments require before they can teach in a school?
What is earned after completion high school?
What must prospective teachers pass in order to be able to teach in a classroom?
Many educational institutions in what country require that prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation?
Who is responsible for education in Australia?
How many tiers of education does Australia have?
What is another term for university?
What are two examples of tertiary schools in Australia?
What is the third tier of education in Australia?
What does teaching in Canada require?
What is required to become a qualified teacher in most provinces?
Who funds a private school in Canada?
What are German teachers mainly?
What are the special university classes in Germany called?
What are the teachers for elementary schools called?
What do teachers' salaries depend on?
What are higher level secondary schools called in Germany?
What type of pay is given to a primary teacher in Ireland?
What is the basic pay for a starting teacher in Ireland?
What is the basic pay for a primary teacher in Ireland?
What is the average salary for a principal of a large school?
Who are teachers required to register with?
What section of the Teaching Council Act 2001 allows teachers to be paid from Oireachtas funds?
When was the Teaching Council Act passed?
What may a person not be paid from?
When did Garda vetting begin?
Who has Garda vetting been introduced for?
How often will existing staff be vetted?
Who cannot be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity including in a voluntary role?
What was the average salary for Nursery, Primary and Secondary school teachers in September 2007?
What are some reasons for higher wages for teachers?
How much do Preschool teachers earn per year?
What must a teacher in a state school have in order to be considered for a teaching position?
When was the average salary for Nursery, Primary and Secondary school teachers?
What do many counties offer to attract people into teaching?
What type of positions do many counties offer alternative licensing programs to attract people into teaching?
Are opportunities varied or uniform by geographic area and subject taught?
What are expected as retirements are expected?
What profession is most likely to retire?
Who must a student in Scotland register with to teach?
What is an all graduate profession in Scotland?
How many universities offer ITP courses in Scotland?
What is given by the GTCS after completing a course of Initial Teacher Education?
When is Provisional Registration raised to Full Registration?
When did the salary year begin in Scotland?
What is the average salary for a Probationer in Scotland?
How much did unpromoted teachers in Scotland earn after 6 years teaching?
What are unpromoted teachers required to do?
What type of unions can Scottish teachers be registered with?
Where is education in Wales different from elsewhere in the UK?
What is the main medium of education in Wales?
How long are lessons in Welsh required?
In 2008/09, what percentage of primary school students used Welsh as their main language?
What age group is Welsh medium education available to?
What kind of unions are NUT and NASUWT?
Are the average age of teachers in Wales increasing or decreasing?
When did attacks on teachers in Wales reach an all-time high?
What kind of unions are NUT and NASUWT?
What is the growing cause of attacks on teachers in Welsh schools?
Who determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools?
How long can a teacher's certificate last?
What is a public school teacher required to have?
What type of schools do not require that their teachers be certified?
What is required of charter schools to be highly qualified?
How have teachers been paid in the past?
What has improved in recent years?
What makes a teacher more likely to earn more than a standard bachelor's degree and certificate?
Who had the lowest median salary in K-12?
What website is an example of a place where teachers sell their lesson plans?
How many forms of spiritual teachers are there in Christianity?
What is another name for Non-Denominational?
Is a Confessor always or always a bishop?
What are the three major traditions of Christianity?
What does the LDS Church stand for?
Who may fill the role of spiritual teacher in the LDS Church?
What type of teacher does the LDS Church have little in common with?
Who is placed in charge of spiritual guidance in the LDS Church?
Who are Priesthood representatives expected to defer to when in their home?
What is a spiritual teacher called in Hinduism?
How high is the emphasis on spiritual mentorship in Hinduism?
Who do gurus have a great deal of control over?
In what region of the world is Hinduism common?
What are the teachers of Dharma in Tibet called?
What must a Lama do to continue their Bodhisattva vow?
What is a Lama who has consciously determined to be reborn called?
How often is a Lama reborn?
How is a Lama consciously determined to be reborn?
What is another term for teachers of Islamic law?
What is another term for teachers of Islamic law?
What is a more spiritual Islamic tradition?
What type of teacher is the Five Pillars of Islam?
What is the highest spiritual teacher in Islam?
What is the nationality of Martin Luther?
When did Martin Luther die?
What religion did Martin Luther reject?
What did Martin Luther believe could be purchased with money?
What was the result of Martin Luther's refusal to retract his writings at the Diet of Worms?
What did Luther believe salvation is received as?
What did Luther believe was the only way to receive salvation?
Who did Luther's theology challenge?
What did Luther believe was the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God?
What did Luther consider all baptized Christians to be?
What did Von Bora translate into the vernacular?
What type of German language was the Tyndale Bible?
What was the name of the English translation of the Bible?
What did the Tyndale Bible's hymns influence?
Who did Von Bora allow to marry?
When was Martin Luther born?
Where was Martin Luther born?
What empire was Saxony in 1483?
What religion was Martin Luther baptized into?
What did Hans Luther want his eldest son to become?
What university did Von Neumann enter?
What did Erfurt describe the University of Erfurt as?
When was Von Neumann made to wake up every morning?
What was Von Neumann's daily routine?
In what year did Popper receive his master's degree?
What type of school did Luther choose to attend?
Why did Luther drop out of law school?
What subject was Luther most interested in?
How did Luther learn to test everything?
What did Luther feel reason could not lead him to?
What did Luther tell his father he was terrified of?
When did Luther decide to become a monk?
What cloister did Luther enter?
Why did one friend blame Luther's decision to enter a cloister?
What did his father think of Luther's decision to become a monk?
To what order did Luther devote himself?
How did Luther describe his time in the Augustinian Order?
What did Luther call Christ the Comforter?
Who was Luther's superior?
According to Johann von Staupitz, what is true repentance?
When was Von Staupitz ordained to the priesthood?
Who was the first dean of the newly founded University of Wittenberg?
In what year was Von Staupitz ordained to the priesthood?
When did Von Staupitz receive his bachelor's degree in Biblical studies?
Where did Von Staupitz receive a bachelor's degree in 1509?
When was Von Neumann awarded his Doctor of Theology?
When did Von Neumann receive his Doctor of Theology?
What position did Von Neumann receive in 1512?
Where did Von Neumann spend most of his career?
What was Von Neumann awarded on October 19, 1512?
In what year was Johann Tetzel sent to Germany?
What did Tetzel sell indulgences to raise money for?
What religion did Tetzel belong to?
What did Roman Catholic theology say faith should be active in?
What did Roman Catholic theology say faith should be active in?
When did Luther write to Albert of Mainz protesting the sale of indulgences?
Who did Luther write to protesting the sale of indulgences?
What is the name of the publication that Martin Luther enclosed in 1517?
Who wrote that Luther had no intention of confronting the church?
Which of the Ninety-Five Theses raises questions about the pope's wealth?
Who is credited with saying "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings springs, the soul from purgatory springs?"
What rings the soul from purgatory springs?
Who objected to the saying that "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings springs, the soul from purgatory springs."?
Who is credited with saying "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings springs, the soul from purgatory springs?"
According to Paul VI, who was responsible for forgiveness?
What did Jesus grant those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers from all punishments?
Christians who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers from all what?
Christians must not slacken in following Christ on account of what?
Who did Paul VI say must not slacken in following false assurances?
Who said that indulgences for the dead were exaggerated?
What trait did Tetzel exhibit that was not representative of contemporary Catholic teachings on indulgences?
What type of indulgences did Tetzel overstate?
What did Tetzel say was in line with Catholic dogma?
According to scholars Walter Krämer, Götz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause, what story has little credibility?
According to scholars Walter Krämer, Götz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause, what story has little credibility?
Whose comments are the story of the door based on?
It is thought that Philipp Melanchthon was where at the time?
According to scholars Walter Krämer, Götz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause, what is the story of the posting on the door?
When were the 95 Theses translated into German?
What aided in the spread of the 95 Theses?
Who translated the 95 Theses from Latin into German?
Within how many months had the 95 Theses spread throughout Germany?
How long did it take for the 95 Theses to spread throughout Europe?
In what year did Luther begin publishing his works?
Who thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak?
During what part of Luther's career was his work most creative and productive?
In what year was On the Freedom of a Christian published?
Which of Luther's works was published in 1520?
What did Luther do on the Psalms and Galatians?
What terms did Luther use to describe the Catholic Church?
What did Luther become convinced of the Catholic church?
What did Luther lose sight of when he studied the Catholic Church?
What was Luther's most important doctrine?
Who did Luther believe was responsible for justification?
When was On the Bondage of the Will published?
What was Faith for Luther?
Where did Luther explain his concept of Justification?
What did Luther discover about the just person in the Bible?
What was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation?
What was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation?
Luther's railing against what was based on it?
How many points did Luther rediscover "Christ and His salvation"?
Who did not reply to Luther's letter containing the 95 Theses?
To which city did Albrecht send the 95 Theses?
What would the revenue from the indulgences pay off?
How much money was to go to the building of St Peter's Church in Rome?
When was the 95 Theses checked for heresy?
Who was used to imprison reformers and heretics?
Who did Leo X deploy against Luther?
When was the Imperial Diet held in Augsburg?
What did the interpretation of Bible prophecy conclude about the papacy?
What did Cajetan want to do if he failed to recant?
When did Karl von Miltitz adopt a more conciliatory approach?
What did Luther promise to do if his opponents did not agree with him?
Which theologian was determined to expose Luther's doctrine in a public forum?
What text did Luther claim did not confer on popes the exclusive right to interpret scripture?
What did Eck call Luther in 1519?
When did the Pope warn Luther that he risked excommunication?
What did the Pope tell Luther he needed to do to avoid excommunication?
How long did it take for Luther to recant his 95 Theses?
Who was a papal nuncio?
When was Luther excommunicated by Pope Leo X?
Who enforced the ban on the 95 Theses?
When did Luther appear before the Diet of Worms?
Who attended the Diet of Worms?
Who presided at the Diet of Worms?
Who was Elector of Saxony in 1521?
Who was the assistant of the Archbishop of Trier?
Who was Johann Eck's assistant?
What did Eck ask Luther if he believed the books were his?
When did Luther give his response to Eck's question?
What did Luther do when asked if he was the author?
What did Luther do at the end of his speech?
Who did Luther salute at the end of his speech?
Who considers Luther's speech a "world classic of epoch-making oratory"?
What does Mullett consider Luther's speech to be?
What did Luther refuse to do?
Who refused to recant his writings?
Are Luther's words recorded or not?
What type of words does Mullett believe Luther would select?
What was held to determine Luther's fate?
When was the final draft of the Edict of Worms presented?
Who presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms?
What did the edict of Worms require?
What did the Edict of Worms allow anyone to do without legal consequence?
What was planned during Luther's return trip back to Wittenberg?
Where did Frederick III escort Luther to?
What did Luther call his stay at Wartburg?
What did Luther translate from Greek into German?
How did Luther feel about Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz?
What did Luther call every good work designed to attract God's favor?
What did Luther say about God's grace?
When did Luther write to Melanchthon?
What did Luther say should be stronger than sins?
What did Luther say was not a place where sin resides?
When did Luther widen his target from individual pieties to doctrines at the heart of Church practices?
What did Martin Luther think of the idea that the mass is a sacrifice?
What did Martin Luther say the mass should be regarded as?
What did the essay On Confession, Whether the Pope has the Power to Require It encourage?
What did Martin Luther tell monks and nuns they could do without sin?
What did Luther place the foundations of the Reformation on?
In what year did Luther begin to focus on prophecy?
Where was the Little Horn prophesized?
What was Luther's main focus in 1521?
What type of person was the Little Horn of Daniel 7?
Who supported Andreas Karlstadt?
When did Andreas Karlstadt embark on a radical programme of reform?
What did Karlstadt's reforms cause?
What was the name of the group of zealots who arrived in Wittenberg?
Who asked Luther to return to Wittenberg?
When did Luther return to Wittenberg?
What did Luther attribute Satan's ravages to?
How many sermons did Luther preach during Lent?
What were Luther's eight sermons called?
What did Luther tell the citizens to do instead of violence?
What was the effect of Luther's intervention?
Who wrote to the elector saying "Oh, what joy has Dr. Martin's return spread among us!"
When did Jerome Schurf write to the elector?
What emotion did Jerome Schurf feel after Martin's sermon?
What type of people did Jerome Schurf think Martin's words were bringing back?
What did Luther work with authorities to restore?
What type of force was Luther in the Reformation?
What prophets did Luther ban?
What did radical reformers threaten the new order with?
Who did Luther face a battle against after banning the Zwickau prophets?
What was Nicholas Storch's profession?
What war did Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer help instigate?
When was the German Peasants' War?
What did many peasants believe Luther would do?
Who did many peasants believe Luther would support an attack on?
Who did Luther remind the aggrieved to obey?
During what tour did Luther become enraged?
How did Luther describe the rebels?
How did Luther describe the burning of convents, monasteries, bishops' palaces and libraries?
Who did Luther call to stop the burning of convents and monasteries?
How did Luther justify his opposition to the rebels?
Why did Luther oppose the rebels?
According to St. Paul, who appointed all authorities?
What doctrine does this reference from the Bible form the foundation for?
How did Luther say the rebels deserved to die?
What did Luther lack?
Who defeated the rebels at the Battle of Frankenhausen?
When was the Battle of Frankenhausen?
What happened to Müntzer?
Who supported Luther's Reformation?
Who did Martin Luther marry?
Where did Martin Luther get the nuns he helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent?
How old was Katharina von Bora when she married Martin Luther?
How old was Katharina von Bora when she married Martin Luther?
When did Martin Luther marry Katharina von Bora?
When was Johannes Bugenhagen engaged?
On what day was Johannes Bugenhagen married?
Along with the ceremonial walk to the church, what was left out of the wedding?
When did the wedding banquet take place?
Who was the couple engaged to?
What did Luther's wedding set the stage for clerical marriage?
What type of marriage did Luther and Karlstadt marry?
Why had Luther previously condemned celibacy?
What did Luther expect to happen to him when he married?
What did Melanchthon call Luther's decision to marry?
What was the name of the former monastery that Luther and his wife moved into?
Where did Luther and his wife move to?
How many children did Luther and his wife have?
What did Katharina want from Luther?
How did Katharina earn a living?
What was Luther's Biblical ideal of congregations?
What did Luther establish from 1525 to 1529?
What type of worship service did Luther lay down from 1525 to 1529?
How many catechisms did Luther write in 1525?
What is Luther's thought about the cross?
What did Luther avoid to avoid confusing or upsetting the people?
Where did Luther concentrate on the church?
What did Luther do to churches in new territories?
Who did Luther work closely with?
How did Brecht describe the relationship between Luther and John the Steadfast?
When did Luther publish his German Mass?
What did Luther not intend the German Mass to replace?
What group did Luther hope to reach with his German Mass?
What did Luther omit from the German mass?
What did the German version of the Mass allow?
When did the visitation of the Electorate of Saxony begin?
When did Luther introduce the new order of worship?
Along with pastoral care, what did Luther and his colleagues assess in the territory?
What did Luther think the common people lacked?
How did Luther describe many pastors?
What did Luther create to teach the basics of Christianity to his congregations?
In what year was the Large Catechism written?
Who did Luther write the Large Catechism for?
Who was required to memorize the Small Catechism?
What did Luther incorporate in the small catechism?
What is one of Luther's most personal works?
What did Luther plan to collect?
Which of Luther's works has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching?
What has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching?
Along with hymns and the catechism, what other religious text is the Small Catechism a translation of?
What was the name of Luther's catechism that helped parents teach their children?
Which of Luther's catechisms was especially effective for pastors?
What language did Luther use to express the Apostles' Creed?
How did Luther depict the Trinity?
Where does Salvation originate?
When was the German version of the New Testament published?
When was the Old Testament completed?
What part of the Old Testament did Luther and his collaborators finish in 1534?
Why was Luther criticized for inserting the word Faith in Romans 3:28?
What did Luther say justified the cutting away of works?
Where was Luther's German translation spoken?
To what areas of Germany was Luther's German translation intelligible?
Who did Luther hope to make the Bible accessible to?
What did Luther hope other people would do with the Bible?
What did Luther hope to remove to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans?
What was there a rising demand for?
What did Luther's version of the Luther Bible become popular with?
What did Luther's version of the Bible make a significant contribution to?
Who made woodcuts for Luther's version of the Bible?
Who translated the English Bible?
What was Luther a prolific hymn-writer?
What types of music did Luther connect?
What was Luther's tool of connection?
What instrument did Luther often accompany German hymns with?
What lute became a national instrument of Germany in the 20th century?
What were Luther's hymns frequently evoked by?
Why were Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes martyred?
What was the name of Luther's hymn that was inspired by the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes?
Who translated Luther's hymn "Ein neues Lied wir heben an"?
What was the first line of the hymn Luther wrote?
When was Luther's hymn "Wir glauben all an einen Gott" published?
What is the three-stanza confession of faith in Luther's 1529 hymn?
What is the name of Luther's 1529 hymn?
What was Luther's hymn adapted and expanded from?
Why do 20th century Lutherans rarely use the hymn "Wir glauben all an einen Gott"?
In what year was Luther's version of the Lord's Prayer published?
Where did Luther explain the Lord's Prayer?
What did the hymn serve as a means of examining candidates?
What does the extant manuscript show about Luther's work on the Lord's Prayer?
What do other 16th and 20th century versions of the Lord's Prayer share?
In what year did Luther write "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir"?
What Psalm did Luther write "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir"?
What did Luther encourage his evangelical colleagues to do?
What was the name of the first Lutheran hymnal?
What did Luther's expanded version of Aus tiefer Not express?
What was the main hymn for Advent?
What was "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland" based on?
What did "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland" become for Advent?
How many hymns did Luther write on the Ten Commandments?
What was Luther's funeral hymn called?
What topic does the hymn "Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam" discuss?
Who was the composer of the 1541 hymn?
What is Psalm 67?
Which 18th century composer used Lutheran hymns as a subject for his own work?
Where was the Lutheran Reformation held in 1541?
Where were Lutheran hymns found?
How many of the eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch were supplied by Luther?
How many songs were in the Erfurt Enchiridion?
How many of the 32 songs were in the first choral hymnal with settings by Johann Walter?
What hymnal was published in 1524?
Who included several verses as chorales in his cantatas?
What did Johann Sebastian Bach base several verses as chorales in his cantatas?
When was Christ lag in Todes Banden first recorded?
When was Johann Sebastian Bach's second annual cycle?
In what year was Wär Gott nicht mit uns diese Zeit?
What did Luther believe a Christian's soul do after it is separated from the body in death?
What did Luther reject for the saints?
What did Luther believe should happen to souls when they enter a bedchamber?
What did Luther think of Purgatory?
In what work did Luther describe saints residing in their graves and heaven?
Which Lutheran theologian observed that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from later Lutheran theologians?
Who was a notable Lutheran theologian?
Who was Johann von Gerhard?
In what year was Lessing born?
Which of Luther's works contains a passage which concludes that the soul does not sleep?
Who argued that John Jortin misread Luther's passage?
When did Francis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread Luther's passage?
Who pointed out in 1867 that it actually refers to the soul of a man "in this life"?
What interrupted a man's sleep?
When was the Marburg Colloquy held?
Who was Philip I?
What was the aim of the Marburg Colloquy?
How many points were achieved at the Marburg Colloquy?
What issue was crucial to Luther?
What did the theologians disagree on?
What was the Real Presence of in the consecrated bread and wine?
What did Luther call the consecrated bread and wine?
What did Luther's opponents believe God was?
What did the debate between Luther and Zwingli sometimes become?
In what year was the Augsburg Confession signed?
What paved the way for the signing of the Augsburg Confession?
What did leading Protestant nobles form the following year?
Who did not sign the Marburg Colloquy agreements?
Along with John of Saxony and Philip of Hesse, who formed the Schmalkaldic League?
What did some scholars feel about Luther's views on faith and reason?
What did Luther think was the greatest enemy that faith has?
Did Luther believe reason contributed to faith?
What did Luther think was the greatest enemy that faith has?
What did Luther want to separate faith and reason from?
What did Luther write in 1523?
What did Luther lose hope in as the Reformation continued?
What group did Luther believe Jesus Christ was born to mistreat?
Along with Zwinglianism and the papacy, what group did Luther attack?
In what year was Von den Juden und ihren Lügen written?
How did Luther view the Turks?
Why did Luther believe the Turks were sent by God?
What did Luther believe the Turks were meant to do?
What did Luther believe the antichrist to be?
In On War against the Turk, Luther urged Emperor Charles V and German people to fight what type of war?
What religious text did Luther read in 1542?
What did "Mohammedanism" produce?
What religion did Luther write several pamphlets on?
What did Luther think of the Muslim faith?
Why did Luther oppose banning the Qur'an?
What did Johannes Agricola's sermon reveal?
Who preached a sermon in 1537?
What did the anonymous antinomian theses claim the law belonged to?
What was the name of the six series of theses Luther responded to?
What book did Luther publish in 1539?
What does Luther refer to as the Holy Spirit's tool to work sorrow over sin?
What is the second use of the law?
What is called the law?
What does refusing to preach the Ten Commandments do?
According to Luther, who does the church consist of?
What do the Ten Commandments teach a Christian?
What is considered to be God's condemning judgment but also an expression of his eternal will?
What has the Ten Commandments traditionally been called?
For Luther, Christ's life is nothing more than what?
What is considered to be God's condemning judgment but also an expression of his eternal will?
What sacrament is a foreshadowing of a future angel-like life in heaven?
What is a foreshadowing of the future angel-like life in heaven in the midst of this life?
What do the Ten Commandments direct Christian to in the daily vocations of the perishing world?
What did Philip I want to marry?
What did Luther become implicated in in 1539?
Who did Philip I want to marry?
What does history chiefly do with Luther's mistakes?
What did the affair cause to Luther's reputation?
What had the local Jewish community done to the Jews?
What religious group did Luther often write about?
What did Luther think Jews were guilty of?
What did Luther consider the Jews blasphemers and liars?
What did Luther hope to do with the Jews in That Jesus Christ was Born a Jew?
What was the name of Luther's 60,000-word treatise on the Jews?
When was Vom Schem Hamphoras und vom Geschlecht Christi published?
When was Vom Schem Hamphoras und vom Geschlecht Christi published?
What did Luther call the Jews?
What did Robert Michael believe Luther's words amounted to?
Who did Luther speak out against in Saxony, Brandenburg and Silesia?
Who did Josel blame for the Jews' plight?
What did Martin Luther think of anyone who would help the Jews?
What did Josel ask the city of Strasbourg to forbid the sale of?
When were Jewish riots in Germany?
Who was the most widely read author of his generation?
What contributed significantly to the development of antisemitism in Germany?
What did Luther's anti-Semitic rhetoric provide an ideal underpinning for?
Who was the most widely read author of his generation?
What type of tract did Der Stürmer describe On the Jews and their Lies as?
When did seven Protestant regional church confederations issue a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge?
Who had already suggested preventive measures against the Jews?
Who was the Professor of the History of the Church in the University of Oxford?
Who published a compendium of Luther's writings shortly after Kristallnacht?
What type of antisemite did Sasse call Luther?
What do some scholars see the Nazis' use of Luther's work as?
What caused Luther to become one of the 'church fathers' of anti-Semitism?
What did Luther provide material for?
When did Johannes Wallmann argue that Luther's writings against the Jews were largely ignored?
What was Roland Bainton's position on Luther?
What did Luther's anti-Judaic views add to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism?
Who wrote that Luther is credited with Germanizing the Christian critique of Judaism and establishing anti-Semitism as a key element of German culture and national identity?
Paul Rose argues that Luther caused what type of mentality to enter German thought and discourse?
Who used Luther's writings to justify their anti-Semitic policies?
What did German Lutheran clergy and theologians use to justify the anti-Semitic policies of the National Socialists?
What was the cause of Luther's antisemitic views?
What was one reason for Luther's antisemitic views?
What did Edwards think Luther used in his diatribes?
Along with Jews and Muslims, what religious group did Edwards say Luther often used vulgarity and violence?
What is the name of the book written by Mark U. Edwards?
When did Lutheran Church denominations repudiate Martin Luther's statements against the Jews?
Did Strommen find that Lutherans were more or less prejudiced toward Jews?
Who was the author of Hitler and Nazism?
During what years did Professor Richard Geary write an article about who voted for the Nazis?
What happened to Luther's health from 1531 to 1546?
What scandal may have contributed to Luther's health problems?
What health problems did Luther begin to suffer in 1536?
What caused Luther's ear drum to rupture?
What disease did Luther begin to feel in 1544?
Why was Luther short-tempered?
What made Luther short-tempered and even harsher?
How did Luther feel about his physical health?
Who overheard Luther saying "Dear husband, you are too rude?"
How many times did Luther preach in the Market Church in Halle?
Where was Luther's last sermon preached?
When was Luther's last sermon?
To whom was Luther's last sermon devoted?
Where did Luther want the obdurate Jews expelled from?
What did Luther want to pray for the Jews?
Where did Luther take his final journey?
What did Luther visit Mansfeld twice to participate in?
When did Luther return to Mansfeld?
When was Luther's third visit to Mansfeld?
Who was Luther concerned for on his final journey to Mansfeld?
On what date were the negotiations concluded?
What did Luther experience after the negotiations were concluded?
What is the common prayer of the dying?
What is the common prayer of Paul VI?
When did Luther wake up with more chest pain?
What event deprived Luther of his speech?
What time did Luther die?
When did Luther die?
Where was Luther buried?
Who attended Luther's funeral?
What did Luther write on a piece of paper?
In what language was Luther's last statement written?
What was the only German phrase in Luther's last statement?
How large was Luther in 1530s and 1540s?
What type of images were printed in the 1530s and 1540s?
How was Luther portrayed in the 1530s and 1540s?
Luther's lifestyle contrasted with the ascetic life of what?
When were printed images of Luther important to the spread of Protestantism?
On what date is Luther honored in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints?
In what calendar is Luther commemorated?
On what date is Luther commemorated in the Church of England's Calendar of Saints?
Where is Luther commemorated on 31 October?
How is Luther honored in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints?
What is Southern California often abbreviated as?
How many counties make up Southern California?
What is Southern California known for?
What factors determine how many counties are in Southern California?
What is the more extensive 10-county definition of Southern California based on?
What is one of the 11 megaregions of the United States?
How many megaregions are there in the United States?
What state does the Southern California Megaregion extend into?
What border does the Southern California Megaregion extend south into?
What is the southern border of the Southern California Megaregion?
Which coast does Southern California stretch along?
How many metropolitan areas make up Southern California?
How many people live in the Los Angeles area?
What is the largest metropolitan area in Southern California?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles Area?
Which river is on the border with Arizona?
Which desert borders Arizona to the east?
What desert borders the state of Nevada?
Which border is south of the Mojave Desert?
In what state is Los Angeles located?
What is the population of Los Angeles?
What is the second most populous city in California?
Which city is the second most populous in California?
In what direction is San Diego located in California?
Along with Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, Riverside and Riverside, what is the most populous county in California?
In what country are the counties of Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, Riverside and Riverside ranked?
What are the five most populous in California?
How many most populous counties does California have?
What are the five most populous in California?
What district of Los Angeles is associated with the motion picture industry?
Where is Hollywood located?
Who owns ABC?
Along with television and motion picture, what industry is centered in Los Angeles?
Along with Universal, Warner Brothers and Paramount Pictures, what major record company is headquartered in Southern California?
Along with surf, what sport is popular in Southern California?
What professional skateboarder lives in Southern California?
What professional snowboarder lives in southern California?
Southern California is second only to what island in terms of famous surf breaks?
What is the name of the annual yachting event held from Los Angeles to Hawaii?
What desert city is popular for its resort feel?
What do many locals and tourists frequent the southern California coast for?
Which coast of California do many tourists visit?
Palm Springs is popular for its resort feel and nearby what?
What is California's north-south latitude?
How many miles south of San Jose is Southern California?
How many counties does Southern California usually refer to?
What mountain range forms the northern boundary of southern California?
Which boundary of California is Point Conception located in?
Which country ruled California prior to California?
What was Los Angeles in the lower part of California?
Which city was in the upper part of Alta California?
What was the name of the agreement that allowed California to be a free state?
What type of state was California in 1850?
Why were Californios unsatisfied with land laws?
What are the lightly populated areas of southern California called?
How many times did Southern Californians attempt to separate from Northern California in the 1850s?
What percentage of voters approved the Pico Act of 1859?
Who was a strong advocate for California's secession from Colorado?
What newspaper defined southern California as "the seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura and Santa Barbara?"
In what year did the Los Angeles Times define southern California?
In what year did the Times add Imperial to its Southern California county list?
What was the name of the newer county added to the Times list in 1999?
How many counties did the Los Angeles Times define southern California in 1900?
What groups most commonly divide and promote California?
What is the name of the AAA Auto Clubs of California?
How many regions does California have?
Which geographical phrase would split the southern region off at the crest of the transverse range?
Which region of California does the California State Automobile Association belong to?
How does Southern California rank among megalopolis in the US?
What has been left undeveloped in Southern California?
Southern California is known for its large, spread-out, what type of communities?
Along with automobiles, what type of transportation is popular in Southern California?
What type of region is San Diego-Tijuana?
What is the main gap to continued urbanization?
Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection with San Diego as they do with what area?
Who considers the San Bernardino and Riverside Counties to be a separate area from Los Angeles County?
Along with L.A., to what county do many commute?
When were most of the non-desert portions developed?
What type of climate does Southern California have?
What type of weather is typical in Southern California?
What is the typical temperature range in Southern California in the summers?
Is snow in Southern California common or rare?
What is the typical winter temperature in Southern California?
What ocean is Southern California located in?
How diverse is Southern California's landscape?
What type of landscape is Southern California?
The Transverse and what other Ranges are in Southern California?
What is the interior of Southern California?
How many earthquakes does the southern California area have each year?
Are most of the earthquakes in the Southern California area small or large?
What was the magnitude of the Northridge earthquake?
What type of damage did the 1994 Northridge earthquake cause?
How much was the estimated damage of the 1994 Northridge earthquake?
Which fault can produce a magnitude 6.7+ earthquake?
What magnitude is the San Andreas Fault capable of producing?
What type of fault is the Elsinore Fault Zone?
Which organization has released a California Earthquake forecast?
What does the California Earthquake forecast model?
How is Southern California divided culturally, politically, and what else?
What kind of recognition does Southern California usually have?
What type of economic activity is Southern California known for?
In what year did the United States Census report southern California's population?
Southern California has a reputation for what?
What was the state average growth in southern California in the 2000s?
What type of economy is in the Bay Area?
Along with the Bay Area, in what region of the state did Southern California grow in the 2000s?
How many metropolitan areas make up Southern California?
How many metropolitan areas are in Southern California?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles area?
What does the El Centro metropolitan area form?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles area?
What is the largest city in Southern California?
How many people live in San Diego?
How many cities in southern California have populations greater than 200,000?
What is the population of the 34 cities in southern California?
Along with San Bernardino, what is the most developed city in southern California?
What is Southern California heavily dependent on?
Southern California is famous for tourism and what other industry?
Southern California was a leader in what bubble from 2001-2007?
What type of economy is Southern California?
How has Southern California been affected by the housing crash?
Motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing have been major industries since what decade?
What type of agricultural region did the US have in the 1920s?
Along with cattle, what was a major industry in the richest agricultural region in the U.S.?
Along with citrus, what animal was a major industry in the richest agricultural region in the US?
What continues to be a major factor in the U.S.?
What type of district is Southern California known for?
What does CBD stand for?
What is the name of the Central business district in Southern California?
What type of district is Burbank?
Where are the major business districts of Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach located?
In what valley is Warner Center located?
Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach are major business districts of what area?
What type of districts does the San Bernardino-Riverside area maintain?
Along with Downtown San Bernardino, in what area does the Hospitality Business/Financial Centre operate?
What business district does the San Bernardino-Riverside area maintain?
What county is a rapidly developing business center?
Where are international corporations headquartered in Orange County?
Where is the Jamboree Business Parks?
Along with the Newport Center and Downtown Santa Ana, what metro area is in Orange County?
Does Orange County have a rapidly or rapidly developing business center?
What is the central business district of San Diego?
In what part of San Diego are most business districts located?
Along with Northern San Diego, in what county are some business districts located?
What is the central business district of San Diego?
What is the second busiest airport in the US by passenger volume?
What is the second busiest airport in the US?
Where does Los Angeles International Airport rank in terms of international passenger volume?
What is the busiest single runway airport in the world?
What is the world's busiest general aviation airport?
What is the name of the train line that runs out of Downtown Los Angeles?
How many lines of the Metrolink system run out of Downtown Los Angeles?
How many of the seven lines of the Metrolink system run out of Downtown Los Angeles?
Which county does Metrolink connect to San Diego?
What is the busiest commercial port in Southern California?
What is the busiest container port in Southern California?
Which part of California is home to the Port of Los Angeles?
Which moniker has gained use as a descriptor for the region's diversified technology and industrial base?
What type of university is the Tech Coast?
The California Institute of Technology is an example of what type of institution?
How many University of California campuses are in the Tech Coast?
How many California State University campuses are located in Bakersfield?
What league do Los Angeles Rams belong to?
What league do the Los Angeles Lakers belong to?
What league do Los Angeles Dodgers belong to?
What is the name of the NHL team in Southern California?
What is the name of the professional soccer team in Southern California?
Along with the LA Galaxy, what team played at the StubHub Center?
How many Major League Soccer teams played in Los Angeles between 2005 and 2014?
When did the Chivas USA play in the Arena Football League?
Where did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play?
When is the second expansion team scheduled to return to Los Angeles?
What type of sports are popular in southern California?
What school field teams in the Pac-12 Conference?
What team are the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans part of?
What conference do the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans belong to?
What division do the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans field teams in?
What is a growing sport in southern California?
At what level is rugby a growing sport in Southern California?
What is rugby considered in Southern California?
What was the largest digital subscription television company in the UK?
What was the largest digital subscription television company in the UK?
In what year did BSkyB buy Sky Italia?
What did BSkyB change its name to in 2014?
What was the new name of British Sky Broadcasting Group plc?
In what year was Setanta Sports awarded two of the six Premier League packages?
How many Premier League packages did Setanta Sports receive in 2006?
Which company's monopoly ended in 2007-08?
How much did Sky pay for the remaining four Premier League packages?
What consortium was BSkyB excluded from being a part of?
What is the name of ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement?
How many BSkyB channels were available before October 2005?
Who replaced Sky Sports News on October 31, 2005?
What was Sky Three renamed to in 2011?
What service did BSkyB initially charge additional subscription fees for?
When did Sky launch a new TV advertising campaign targeting women?
Customers who do not subscribe to Sky+ will have to pay what to enable Sky+ functions?
When did BSkyB discontinue the Sky+ Box?
What did BSkyB start to issue as standard in 2010?
What system does BSkyB use?
Who owns the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system?
What company owns NDS?
Who has design authority over all digital satellite receivers capable of receiving their service?
What is the name of BSkyB's Personal Video Recorder?
What did Virgin Media remove from the network on March 1, 2007?
In what year did BSkyB and Virgin Media become involved in a dispute over the carriage of Sky channels on cable TV?
What did Virgin Media claim that BSkyB had done for the channels?
Virgin Media claimed that the new deal offered more value by including HD channels and what type of content?
Virgin Media claimed that the new deal offered more value by including what type of content?
When did the English High Court of Justice rule that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark?
In what year did the English High Court of Justice rule that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark?
What will SkyDrive become in 2014?
What did Microsoft rename SkyDrive Pro?
What kind of service was SkyDrive?
Who was the chief executive officer of Sky in 1993?
On what satellite did the Sky Multichannels package broadcast?
When did BSkyB discontinue its analogue service?
What platform expanded BSkyB's analogue service in 2001?
How many households did BSkyB reach by mid-1994?
What is another name for Sky UK Limited?
What type of company is Sky UK Limited?
As of 2015, how many customers did Sky UK Limited have?
Who took over for Sky UK Limited in April 2007?
What is the name of the broadband router in the Sky Q range?
What do the Sky Q Mini set top boxes connect to?
Sky Q allows all set top boxes in a household to do what?
When will the Sky Q range of products and services be available?
When will the Sky Q range of products and services be available?
What standard are BSkyB's standard definition broadcasts in?
What type of soundtracks are included in Sky Movies and Sky Box Office channels?
Sky+ HD material is broadcast using what standard?
What proprietary system does 7-day EPG use?
Most of the Sky+ HD material uses what standard?
When was Sky Digital launched?
What satellite did Sky use when it launched in 1998?
What was the name of the Astra 2A satellite that Sky launched?
Sky's new all-digital service would carry how many television and radio channels?
At what orbit was the Astra 2A satellite located?
When did Sky+ HD launch?
How many people had registered to receive Sky+ HD before it launched?
Who manufactured the STB?
How many customers had yet to receive the Sky+ HD service?
What was the total number of homes with Sky+HD?
When did BSkyB announce its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels?
When did Setanta Sports launch as a subscription service?
On what platform did Setanta Sports launch?
What was NTL's new name?
What sport is one of BSkyB's sports divisions?
What are encrypted broadcasts that do not require a monthly subscription known as?
What is a free-to-view service?
What is the name of the receiver used to view encrypted content?
What band does LNB stand for?
What company is VideoGuard UK dedicated to?
In what year were talks held for broadcast rights for the Premier League?
Who was the current rights holder of the Premier League?
How much did ITV pay for Premier League broadcasting rights per year?
Who did BSkyB join forces with to make a counter bid?
How much did BSkyB pay for the Premier League rights?
BSkyB's open access is an enforced part of their operating licence from what?
What is the range of fees for carriage on a suitable beam of a satellite at 28° East?
Does BSkyB have veto over the presence of channels on their EPG?
Does BSkyB carry any control over content or carriage issues?
Does BSkyB carry any control over content or carriage issues?
When did BSkyB launch its digital service?
What was the name of BSkyB's digital service?
What is the current name of Open?
What was the former name of ITV Digital?
How many digiboxes did BSkyB sell within 30 days?
In what year was Virgin Media re-branded?
Which company started offering HDTV capable set top boxes in 2007?
What is the name of Virgin Media's HD service?
Which channel did Virgin Media only carry from 2006 until 2009?
What channel did Virgin Media have an option to carry in the future?
How many homes did BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service reach in 2010?
What was the target audience for BSkyB's direct-to-home service in the UK?
When was the target for BSkyB's direct-to-home service first announced?
What percentage of UK households did BSkyB say it reached its target?
What happened to BSkyB's subscriber numbers elsewhere in Europe?
What was Shelbrooke proposing to use benefits and tax credits on?
What would the Welfare Cash Card be used for?
In December of 2012, the UK's parliament heard that a subscription to BSkyB was what?
The Daily Mail reported that the UK government's benefits agency was checking claimants' what to determine if they were living alone?
According to the Daily Mail, subscription to sports channels would betray who in the household?
What are the fixed annual carriage fees for the channels?
As of now, how much information is available regarding the new deal between Sky and Virgin Media?
What company did BSkyB agree to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other?
Which company previously offered video on demand and high definition content?
Virgin Media and BSkyB agreed to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to carriage of what?
What type of economy is Victoria?
Where does Victoria's total gross state product rank in Australia?
Where does Victoria rank in terms of GSP per capita?
Which city is considered the "sporting capital of Australia"?
What is the largest stadium in Australia?
Which city in Victoria still has a strong legacy of Chinese miners?
Where were the Lambing Flat riots?
Where did a riot occur in 1857?
How many miners died due to typhoid in Buckland Valley in 1854?
What were the conditions on the gold fields?
What type of representation system did Victorian Legislative Council elections use in 2006?
How many years was the Legislative Council in 2006?
How many representatives are in each electorates?
How many years does the term of the Victorian Parliament last?
How often do elections for the Victorian Parliament occur?
What does ALP stand for?
Which party is the centre-right of Australia?
Which rural-based political party is strongest in Melbourne?
Who won their first lower house seats in 2014?
Which political party is strongest in Melbourne's working class western and northern suburbs?
What percentage of Victorians describe themselves as Christian?
What percentage of Victorians are Roman Catholics?
What is the state's largest non-religious religion?
How many Buddhists are in Victorias state?
What percentage of Victorians claim no religion?
In which direction is Victoria located in Australia?
What type of state is Victoria?
Where does Victoria rank in population among Australian states?
What is Australia's second-largest city?
Where does Melbourne rank in terms of population among Australian cities?
What were the Aboriginal peoples in the area now constituting Victoria called before European settlement?
When did Great Britain claim the entire Australian continent east of the 135th meridian east?
Which Australian colony did Great Britain claim in 1788?
Where was the first settlement in Victoria?
In what year did the first settlement occur in Sullivan Bay?
How many square miles of Victorian farmland is sown for grain?
What percentage of Victorian farmland is sown for wheat?
How many square miles of Victorian farmland is sown for grain?
What percentage of Australian pears are produced on Victorian farms?
How many tonnes of tomatoes were produced in Victorian in 2003-2004?
When was the first written constitution enacted in Victoria?
What was the Victoria Constitution Act 1855 based on?
Who can amend the Victorian Constitution?
Which provisions of the Victorian Constitution do not require an absolute majority in both houses?
What was the 1855 colonial constitution passed by the United Kingdom Parliament called?
What are the Mallee and upper Wimmera considered to be in Victoria?
What is the average temperature in summer in Victoria?
What is the average temperature in winter in Victoria?
What was Victoria's highest temperature since World War II?
In what year was the highest temperature recorded in Hopetoun?
What are public schools also known as?
Who runs the public schools in Victoria?
What is levied at public schools by the Victoria Department of Education?
Who runs parish schools in Victoria?
What type of standards must all public schools follow?
What has Victoria been the base for manufacturing plants of?
What year did Toyota announce it was shutting down its Australian plants?
When did Holden announce it was shutting down its plants in Victoria?
When will Ford's Victorian plants close?
Which car brand's Victorian plants will close in October 2016?
How tall are the Victorian alpine areas?
What is the highest peak in Victoria?
How tall is Mount Bogong?
What is the Murray River system?
What is the state bird of Victoria?
What is the coldest part of Victoria?
The Alps are part of what mountain system?
What direction does the Great Dividing Range extend through the centre of Victoria?
What is the average temperature in the highest parts of the ranges in Victoria?
What was the lowest temperature recorded in Victoria?
What type of lines do private and public railway operators operate over?
What is the name of the major operator of rail transport in Victoria?
Who owns V/Line?
What type of services does CFCL Australia operate?
What type of system does Metro Trains Melbourne run?
How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian House of Representatives?
How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian Senate?
What is the lower house of Victoria called?
What is the upper house of Victoria called?
Who is the Governor of Victoria?
On what date were writs issued for election of the first Victorian Legislative Council?
In what year was gold discovered near Ballarat?
What was the largest event in the history of gold mining in Victoria?
How much did the population of Victoria increase from 76,000 to 540,000 in ten years?
How much gold did Victoria produce in the decade 1851-1860?
How many public schools did Victoria have in 2010?
How many Catholic schools were in Victoria in August 2010?
How many students were enrolled in public schools in Victoria in 2010?
How many full time teachers does Victoria have?
What percentage of private students attend Catholic schools in Victoria?
Which state is the centre of dairy farming in Australia?
How many dairy cattle are in Australia?
What percentage of Australia's dairy cattle are in Victoria?
How much of the nation's milk is produced in Victoria?
Where is most abalone and rock lobster exported to?
What broad gauge do Victorian railways use?
What gauge have some interstate trunk routes been converted to?
What is the standard gauge of two tourist railways?
Where were the five formerly government-owned lines built?
How many former government-owned narrow gauge lines were there?
When was New South Wales founded?
Which Australian colony was founded in 1788?
What was the western half of Australia called?
In what city was New Holland located?
When was the Eureka Stockade?
Who crushed the Eureka Stockade?
What was the name of the miners' rebellion?
What did colonial authorities reduce?
What act was passed by the Imperial Parliament in 1855?
What does the Premier of Victoria have in the Legislative Assembly?
Who is responsible for managing areas of government that are not exclusively the Commonwealth's?
What does the Cabinet consist of?
Who is the current Premier of Victoria?
What type of representatives are in a Cabinet?
What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2003-04?
By what percentage did Victorian agricultural production increase from 2003-04?
How many farms were on Victorian land in 2004?
How many square miles of Victorian land did 32,463 farms occupy in 2004?
What percentage of Victorian land is covered by farms?
Major events play a big part in what in Victoria?
Along with cultural tourism, what type of tourism plays a big part in Victoria's tourism?
Where are most of Victoria's major tourist events centred?
Where do the V8 Supercars and Australian Motorcycle Grand Prix occur?
What is the name of the Bells Beach festival?
Where did the Huguenots mainly concentrate?
What percentage of French Catholics were Huguenots?
When were the Wars of Religion fought?
What granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy?
What did the Edict of Nantes do?
What was the original term for Huguenot?
Where was John Calvin's adopted home?
What Swiss politician was the nickname Huguenot?
What plot was Huguenot supposedly first applied to?
In what year was the Amboise plot?
What was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France?
When was the French version of the Bible prepared?
Who prepared a French version of the Scriptures in 1294?
In what year was the French version of the Bible printed?
Where was the French version of the Bible printed in 1487?
Montpellier was among the most important of what 66?
What city was among the most important of the 66 "villes de sûreté" granted to the Huguenots?
Which edict ended Protestant rule in Paris?
In what year did the royal army siege Paris?
When was the Edict of Alès?
Where did individual Huguenots settle?
Where did Maria de la Queillerie settle in 1652?
Who was the first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope?
What company did the first organized group of Huguenots sail to?
What year did a large number of Huguenots arrive at the Cape of Good Hope?
When did the Huguenots sail to North America?
Who led the Huguenots?
What was the name of the Huguenot church established in 1628?
What is the current name of the French church in New Amsterdam?
Where did the Huguenots settle?
Where did many Huguenots immigrate to?
Who purchased the Cooper, Ashepoo, Ashley and Santee River plantations?
Where did Rev. Elie Prioleau hail from?
In what year did the Huguenots petition the British Crown for the right to own land?
In what present day city did many Huguenots settle?
Who formed the League of Augsburg?
What title did William III of Orange later hold?
What group did William III of Orange form?
What did the French attack in 1672?
When did the French attack the Dutch Republic?
Louis XIV issued what edict in 1685?
When was the Edict of Fontainebleau issued?
Who issued the Edict of Fontainebleau?
How many Huguenots fled France by the early 18th century?
What group opposed the Huguenots?
What was the height of the persecution of the Huguenots?
How many people were killed in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
What did the Huguenots have to defend themselves against the French Catholics?
What were the political reasons for the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
When did the Huguenot rebellions occur?
In what part of France did the Huguenot rebellions occur?
Whose death precipitated the Huguenot rebellion?
Who was Henry IV's successor?
What was the name of the three small civil wars in France between 1621 and 1629?
Approximately how many Protestants live in modern France?
Approximately one million Protestants in modern France represent what percentage of the population?
Where are most Protestants located in northeast France?
Along with Alsace, in what mountain region of France do most Protestants live?
What country still considers itself Huguenot even after centuries of exile?
What town did Huguenots settle in 21 miles north of New York?
Where is the "Huguenot Street Historic District" located?
What is the name of the historic site that contains the oldest street in the US?
What is the significance of the Huguenot Street Historic District?
Along with New York Harbor, on what island did Huguenots settle?
Who received the largest group of Huguenot refugees after the Edict of Nantes revoked?
How many Huguenot refugees did the Dutch Republic receive after the Edict of Nantes?
What was the population of the Dutch Republic at the time of the Huguenot influx?
What were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants?
After what event did the Dutch Republic receive the largest group of Huguenot refugees?
Where was the prétendus réformés located?
Who was the gate of King Hugo?
What was Huguon said to be Haunted by?
What is another term for "reformed" spirits?
When did the prétendus réformés gather at night?
In what county are the Walloons and Huguenots found?
What was the site of a weaving school?
What was the condition of refugees' initial acceptance in the City?
Where did refugees settle?
What has The Weavers been adapted as?
Where is French Church Street located?
Where did Huguenots serve as mayors?
In what city is D'Olier Street named after a High Sheriff?
Who is D'Olier Street named after?
When was the French church in Portarlington built?
What did the exodus of Huguenots create?
Where did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle?
Who did the French crown refuse to allow to settle in New France?
What was the North American front of the French and Indian War?
In what years did the British defeat New France?
Who issued the Edict of Nantes?
In what year did the war between Protestants and Catholics end?
What did the Edict of Nantes do?
What did the Edict of Nantes discourage?
What religion did Henry of Navarre recant?
What did the revocation of Protestant services require?
What did the revocation do to Protestant services?
How many Protestants emigrated to the North American colonies?
What were Huguenots called after they converted to Catholicism?
Along with Britain and France, where did many Protestants flee to after the revocation?
Where did the first Huguenots seek freedom from persecution?
When did the French colonisers arrive in Brazil?
What was the name of the Huguenots that arrived in Brazil in 1555?
In what year was Fort Coligny destroyed?
What was the first Protestant confession of faith in the whole of the Americas?
What language do many families in the Western Cape province speak today?
What industry owes a significant debt to the Huguenots?
In what province of South Africa do many of the farms still bear French names?
What do many families in the Western Cape province in South Africa have that indicates their French Huguenot ancestry?
Who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina?
Who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina?
Where is the last Huguenot congregation in North America?
What church does the Huguenot Society of America maintain in Virginia?
What state has the largest Huguenot Society chapter?
What industry did the Huguenots settle in Bedfordshire in the 19th century?
What is the name of the style of lace that demonstrates a Huguenot influence?
How many Huguenots settled in Dover?
When did Mechlin lace develop?
What were the names of the two new neighbourhoods created in Berlin by the Huguenots?
In 1700, what portion of Berlin was French speaking?
Why did the Berlin Huguenots switch to German?
In what years did the Berlin Huguenots switch to German?
What are some congregations founded by the Berlin Huguenots?
In what country did Frederick William welcome Huguenots to help rebuild his country?
In what region of France did Huguenots remain in large numbers?
What group rioted against the Catholic Church in the early 18th century?
What did the Camisards riot against?
Between what years did French troops hunt down and destroy the Camisards?
Fort Caroline is located in what modern city?
Who was the leader of the Norman Huguenots?
What was the name of the small French colony established by Norman Huguenots?
Which colony did the French invade in 1565?
In what year did a French naval attack fail?
What was the name of the outpost that Jean Ribault led an expedition to Florida?
Where was Charlesfort located?
Who did the Spanish send to enforce their claim to La Florida?
When did Jean Ribault explore Florida?
What precluded a return voyage to Charlesfort?
What colony did the Huguenots settle in?
In what county did the English Crown offer French Huguenots land grants?
What was the abandoned Monacan village called?
How many Huguenots were there at Manakintown?
When did the Virginia General Assembly pass an act to naturalize the Huguenots?
When was the Dutch Revolt?
Which country did Huguenots fight alongside the Dutch against?
What was the name of William the Silent's letter condemning the Spanish Inquisition?
Who was the leader of the Dutch revolt against Spanish rule?
What was William the Silent's religion?
What act was passed in 1708?
When was the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act passed?
How many Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England?
Who was a leading Huguenot theologian and writer?
What doctrine did Andrew Lortie criticize during mass?
In what war did Huguenot regiments fight for William of Orange?
Who did Huguenot regiments fight for in the Williamite war?
Where were significant Huguenot settlements in Ireland?
Killeshandra contributed to the expansion of what type of cultivation?
What industry did the Huguenot settlements help grow?
Who established a thriving glass-making works in the principality?
Who did Prince Louis de Condé arrange with to establish a Huguenot community?
What type of work did the Condés establish?
When did some members of the Huguenot community emigrate to the United States?
When was the Huguenot community established?
Where did Huguenot emmigrés move to?
What religion did most Huguenot emmigrés belong to?
In what Canadian city did Huguenot émigrés live?
In what colony did Huguenot emmigrés settle?
Why did Huguenot emmigrés move to Protestant Europe?
The Hugues hypothesis argues that the name was derived by association with who?
What argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet?
Which supporter of the Hugues hypothesis suggests that the name would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos?
What would the name huguenote be roughly equivalent to?
What do some disagree with?
Who published his French translation of the New Testament in 1523?
Where was Lefevre a professor during the Protestant Reformation?
When was the whole Bible published in the French language?
Who became a leader of the Swiss Reformation?
Who converted to Protestantism?
When was the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
Who killed thousands of Huguenots in Paris?
How many Protestants were slaughtered in Toulouse?
When was an amnesty granted to the perpetrators of the Massacre?
By 17 September, how many Protestants had been slaughtered in Paris?
Who gained the throne in 1643?
What did Louis XIV do when he gained the throne?
How did Louis XIV try to convert the Huguenots to Catholicism?
What penalties did Louis XIV impose on Huguenots?
What was the name of Louis XIV's attempt to forcibly convert Huguenots?
What county is New Rochelle located in?
What peninsula did the Huguenots land on?
From whom did the Huguenots purchase land?
What was New Rochelle named after?
What church replaced the Huguenot church?
What did most of the Huguenot congregations eventually do with more members?
What did the Huguenots do that led to their assimilation?
Who established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills?
When did the Huguenots continue to use French first names and surnames for their children?
What did E.I. du Pont establish?
Who was one of the most prominent Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands?
Where did Pierre Bayle start teaching?
What was the name of Pierre Bayle's multi-volume masterpiece?
Pierre Bayle's work became one of the 100 foundational texts of what organization?
What is the name of the Huguenot patron saint?
What church was established in 1550?
In what year was the French Protestant Church of London established?
Where is the French Protestant Church of London located?
Where did Huguenot refugees settle in London?
In what year was the Old Truman Brewery founded?
In which two German states did Huguenot refugees find a safe haven?
Where did Huguenot refugees find a safe haven?
What was the special privileges granted to Huguenots in Brandenburg-Prussia?
Who was Frederick William?
How did Huguenots help Frederick William with his army?
Who invited Huguenots to settle in Prussia?
What poet was a Huguenot?
Which Luftwaffe general was a Huguenot?
Who was the last Prime Minister of the East German Democratic Republic?
Thomas de Maizière is also a member of what German government?
Along with nuclear power, nuclear power and geothermal energy, what type of non-combustion heat source can be used in a steam engine?
What is the ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process called?
In the Rankine cycle, water is heated and transformed into what?
At what pressure does the Rankine cycle operate?
What type of engines are steam engines?
What was the first commercially successful true engine?
Who invented the atmospheric engine?
In what year was the atmospheric engine invented?
The atmospheric engine was an improvement over Savery's what?
Who proposed a piston for the atmospheric engine?
In what country was the first full scale working railway steam locomotive built?
When was the first full scale working railway steam locomotive built?
What was the destination of Trevithick's train?
In what country was Abercynon located?
In what part of Wales was Abercynon located?
What do most steam engines have to recycle or top up the boiler water?
What type of pumps do utility and industrial boilers commonly use?
In what decade did injectors become popular?
In what type of locomotive is an injector no longer used?
What is an injector used for?
How many expansion stages does a triple expansion engine use?
Triple expansion engines are also known as what?
In what century was the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing system used?
What type of engine uses the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing system?
What class was the 4-cylinder triple-expansion engine popular with?
Which poppet valve gear had separate admission and exhaust valves driven by trip mechanisms?
Along with Stephenson and Walschaerts, what was an example of a simpler method of using patent valve gears?
How did patent valve gears provide lap?
What may be present in the crown of a boiler's firebox?
What happens to lead if the water level drops?
What happens to lead if the water level drops?
What do operators do if the lead melts and the steam escapes?
What does the steam escape have little effect on?
Who patented a steam engine that allowed continuous rotary motion?
What type of motion did James Watt's steam engine produce?
How many horsepower did James Watt produce in 1781?
By what year had engines that could provide 10,000 hp become feasible?
The stationary steam engine was a key component of what revolution?
The history of the steam engine dates back to what century?
Who described the first rudimentary steam engine?
What nationality was the mathematician Hero of Alexandria?
Who described a steam turbine in 1629?
When did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont receive patents for his steam powered inventions?
What type of engines were used in the 19th century?
What was another name for compound engines?
In what industry was double and triple expansion engines common?
Along with electric motors, what replaced reciprocating steam engines?
What did double and triple expansion engines reduce the weight of?
What was the final major evolution of the steam engine design?
In what part of the 19th century were steam turbines first used?
For outputs above what amount of horsepower are steam turbines generally more efficient?
What percentage of electric power is produced by steam turbines in the United States?
What type of power is produced by steam turbines?
What is the most common source of heat for boiling water and supplying steam?
What is another name for a closed space?
What type of energy is waste heat from an internal combustion engine?
What type of heating element is used in toy steam engines?
What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines?
When were early versions of the steam engine indicator in use?
Who developed the most successful steam engine indicator?
Who developed the most successful steam engine indicator?
At what exhibition was the steam engine indicator first used?
At what temperature are the LP cranks of a two-cylinder compound set?
At what temperature are individual pistons in a double expansion group balanced?
At what temperature are the LP cranks of a two-cylinder compound set?
What is the term for the direction of flow in a reciprocating piston engine?
How many piston strokes does a complete engine cycle have?
How many rotation of the crank does a complete engine cycle have?
How many events does a reciprocating piston engine have?
Along with admission and compression, what is one of the four events in a reciprocating piston engine cycle?
What is a uniflow rotary steam engine?
Uniflow engines attempt to solve the problem of what kind of cycle?
What is uncovered by the piston at the end of each stroke in an uniflow engine?
What type of steam engine is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine?
What is another name for pivot mounting?
Along with toys, what type of toys are oscillating cylinder steam engines mainly used for?
On what type of ships are oscillating cylinder steam engines most often used?
What happens to the working fluid in a closed loop system?
What is another name for a closed loop system?
What is the working fluid in a mercury vapor turbine?
What is the main source of working fluid in a Rankine cycle?
What limits the efficiency of a Rankine cycle?
What is the creep limit of stainless steel in steam turbines?
What is the creep limit of a Rankine cycle?
What is the theoretical Carnot efficiency of a Rankine cycle?
What is the condenser temperature of a Rankine cycle in steam turbines?
What was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution?
Along with railway locomotives, ships and road vehicles, what transport appliance was powered by steam engines?
What is an example of a steam powered automobile?
Along with mills and mines, what industry used steam engines to make machinery?
What did the use of steam engines in agriculture lead to?
What was the name of the railway Trevithick created in 1808?
Who designed the Salamanca locomotive?
What type of locomotive was the Salamanca?
The Salamanca locomotive was used by what railway?
For what railway was the Locomotion built?
Who invented the Woolf compound engine?
What nationality was Arthur Woolf?
What can be reduced by staging the expansion in multiple cylinders?
What is required to derive equal work from lower-pressure steam?
What percentage of the world's electric production was powered by steam turbines in 19th century?
What type of engine has almost completely supplanted steam propulsion in marine applications?
Along with reciprocating Diesel engines, what has almost completely supplanted steam propulsion in marine applications?
What is the main use in electricity generation?
What has the recent widespread application of large gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants resulted in?
What is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine?
Where is the waste heat from the Rankine cycle stored?
In what decade did the Rankine cycle generate 90% of all electric power used throughout the world?
Along with coal and nuclear power plants, what type of plant uses the Rankine cycle?
What nationality was William John Macquorn Rankine?
What is the number of foot-pounds of work delivered by burning one bushel of coal?
How many gallons of coal did Watt's low-pressure designs deliver?
What was the typical duty of a Newcomen steam engine?
How many pounds of coal did one bushel of coal burn?
Who introduced the concept of duty?
What type of steam engine gained popularity in power generation in the 20th century?
What type of steam engine was the dominant source of power until the early 20th century?
The majority of worldwide electric generation is produced by what type of steam engine?
Advances in the design of electric motors and what other type of engines resulted in the replacement of reciprocating (piston) steam engines?
Who developed the first steam powered water pump?
What was the first steam powered device?
In what year was the first water pump developed?
Who improved the construction of the Savery water pump?
Who described Bento de Moura Portugal's invention in the Philosophical Transactions?
Who patented his high-pressure engine in 1802?
Along with Richard Trevithick, who else introduced engines in 1801?
When did Trevithick patent his high pressure engine patent?
What type of applications could high-pressure engines be made small for?
What type of power did the steam engine provide?
What company has made progress in using modern materials for harnessing the power of steam?
Where is Energiprojekt AB located?
How many cylinders are in Energiprojekt's single-step engine?
How much energy does Energiprojekt's steam engine produce per kilowatt pound?
What is the efficiency of Energiprojekt's steam engine on high pressure engines?
What do steam turbines in power stations use as a cold sink?
What is a dry type cooling tower similar to?
When is a dry type cooling tower used?
What is another term for evaporative cooling towers?
How many cubic meters of make-up water does a coal-fired power plant need to use every hour for evaporative cooling?
What type of governor was adopted by James Watt for use on a steam engine?
Whose partner saw a centrifugal governor in 1788?
Where did Boulton and Watt see a centrifugal governor?
What type of operation was not suitable for a centrifugal governor?
What could a centrifugal governor not do?
When was compounding almost universal for marine engines?
Compounding was not universally popular in what type of locomotive?
What was compounding perceived as in railway locomotives?
When was compounding no longer employed in Britain?
Compounding was common for what type of industrial units?
How can speed and momentum be gained by reversing the admission event?
What is the term for excessive compression?
What can the totality of exhaust steam not do?
What kind of length do the simplest valve gears give events of?
Who patented the first patent for a steam engine?
What nationality was Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont?
In what year did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont patent his first patent?
In what year did Thomas Savery patent his steam pump?
In what year was Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine first used?
What are rotors in a steam turbine?
What are the rotors of a steam turbine mounted on?
What are stators?
Where are the stators located in a steam turbine?
What is the typical speed of a steam turbine?
What is the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant compared to an internal combustion engine?
For mobile applications steam has been largely superseded by internal combustion engines or what?
Most electric power is generated using what type of plant?
What is the movement that uses steam as a prime mover for cogeneration processes?
Recent concerns about fuel sources and what else have caused a renewed interest in steam?
What is an example of a pistonless rotary engine?
What components of a conventional reciprocating steam engine are missing from a Wankel engine?
What causes leakage in the rotors of a Wankel engine?
When did James Watt die?
What type of engine did James Watt add to his improved version of Newcomen's?
How much coal did Boulton and Watt's early engines use?
Whose engine did James Watt develop?
Air pressure pushed what into the partial vacuum generated by condensing steam?
How many independent mechanisms do steam engines have?
What type of valve is typically kept in the top of a boiler?
What type of safety valve is more secure?
What part of the safety valve must be broken in order for a spring-loaded valve to be safe?
In addition to more steam pressure, what benefit could be achieved by fastening the valve down?
What was the name of the horizontal engine patented in 1849?
When was the Corliss steam engine patented?
How much less steam did the Corliss steam engine use?
How many valves were in the Corliss steam engine?
What medal did the committee give to Corliss?
What type of theory did the steam engine contribute to?
Who discovered latent heat?
What did Watt's measurements on a model steam engine lead to the development of?
Who confirmed the discovery of latent heat?
What did Watt discover independently?
What is one of the main advantages of the Rankine cycle over others?
In what phase is the working fluid in the Rankine cycle?
What percentage of power does condensing the fluid consume?
What is the entry temperature of a gas turbine?
What pump is used to supply water to the boiler during operation?
What is the purpose of condensers?
What pumps raise the temperature of steam above its saturated vapour point?
What is another name for a supply bin?
What kind of mechanism is a chain or screw used for when coal is used?
Why were land-based steam engines able to exhaust much of their steam?
Which country invented the steam turbine?
Along with ocean liners, what type of warships used steam turbines?
Along with warships, what type of ships used steam turbines?
In what year was HMS Dreadnought built?
What does most nuclear power plants heat to create electricity?
What is the main engine of a nuclear power plant?
What is a steam turbine connected to in a nuclear power plant?
What type of transmission is used in nuclear power plants?
In what country were non-condensing direct-drive locomotives successful?
What is the Rankine cycle sometimes referred to as?
Where is rejection located in the Rankine cycle?
What is isobaric?
What is the term for constant temperature in the Carnot cycle?
What form is the working fluid received from the condenser in the Rankine cycle?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
Along with hydrogen and oxygen, what is the third most abundant element in the universe?
How many atoms of oxygen are bound to form dioxygen?
How much of the Earth's crust is oxide?
What gas makes up 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere?
How much of the Earth's atmosphere is oxygen gas?
What is the third most abundant element in the universe?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
What is happening to atmospheric oxygen levels?
How abundant is oxygen in the universe?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
What group is oxygen a member of?
What is one compound that oxygen readily forms with most elements?
Where does oxygen rank in the universe by mass?
At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of oxygen are bound to form what?
What releases oxygen from water?
What does photosynthesis use to produce oxygen from water?
What layer protects the biosphere from ultraviolet radiation?
What does most of the mass of living organisms contain?
What is oxygen a part of?
What releases oxygen from water?
What is oxygen a part of?
What is another form of oxygen?
Who proved that air is necessary for combustion?
Who was the English chemist that refined Boyle's work?
What part of air does John Mayow believe is consumed in both respiration and combustion?
When did John Mayow die?
Who proved that air is necessary for combustion?
What part of air does John Mayow believe is consumed in both respiration and combustion?
In what century did Robert Boyle prove that air is necessary for combustion?
What is nitroaereus consumed in?
Who was the English chemist that refined Boyle's work?
Who performed an experiment on August 1, 1774?
What was Joseph Priestley's profession?
What is mercuric oxide?
What did Joseph Priestley concentrate sunlight on in his experiment?
What does HgO stand for?
What gas did Joseph Priestley discover?
In what year did Joseph Priestley publish his findings?
Why was Joseph Priestley given priority in his discoveries?
What did Joseph Priestley find about mice?
Who built on Philo's work?
Who conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air?
When was the first known experiment on combustion and air conducted?
How did Philo surmise that parts of the air in the vessel were converted into classical element fire?
Who conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air?
What element was the air in the vessel converted into?
What was Philo's work called?
Who built on Philo's work?
What did Philo experiment on combustion and?
What is an ignition event that triggers combustion?
What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion?
Peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates and dichromates are examples of what kind of compounds?
What is the oxidant, not the fuel?
What is needed to trigger combustion?
Oxygen is what type of fuel?
Highly concentrated sources of oxygen promote what?
What is oxygen the source of in combustion?
Peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates and dichromates are examples of what?
The Apollo 1 capsule was pressurized with what type of 2?
Steel pipes and storage vessels used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid fuel are filled with what liquid?
What was the normal pressure of the Apollo 1 capsule?
What is required to ensure that ignition sources are minimized in O2 systems?
Concentrated O2 will allow what to proceed rapidly and energetically?
Steel pipes and what else are used to store and transmit gaseous and liquid oxygen?
What is required to ensure that ignition sources are minimized in O2 systems?
Who was killed in a launch pad test?
What is the crustal rock of the Earth composed of?
What is CO2?
What part of the earth is mostly composed of magnesium and iron?
What is CO2?
What part of the earth is composed of silicon?
What part of the earth is mostly composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What part of the earth is mostly composed of magnesium and iron?
What type of minerals are found in the Earth's crust?
What did John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis assume all elements were?
What type of atomic ratios would atoms in compounds normally have?
What was water's formula?
The atomic mass of oxygen is 8 times that of what element?
Amedeo Avogadro arrived at the correct interpretation of water's composition based on what law?
What was most combustible materials that leave little residue thought to be made of?
What type of substance corrode iron?
What did not play a role in the phlogiston theory?
What was one of the first clues that the phlogiston theory was incorrect?
What happens to most common objects when they burn?
What is the bond that results from filling of molecular orbitals formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms?
How many oxygen atoms are chemically bonded to each other in dioxygen?
What is another term for filling of orbitals?
How are oxygen atoms bonded to each other in dioxygen?
The covalent double bond results from filling of what?
In what year was oxygen discovered?
When was Joseph Priestley's work published?
Why is Joseph Priestley often given priority when it comes to discovering oxygen?
Who coined the name oxygen?
What theory of combustion and corrosion did Lavoisier discredit?
An electron configuration with two unpaired electrons and orbitals of equal energy is called what?
What is the ground state of the O2 molecule called?
What type of electrons are found in dioxygen?
What type of combustion does triplet oxygen prevent?
What is the highest energy partially filled orbitals?
In Lavoisier's experiment, what was heated in a closed container?
What did Lavoisier observe no increase in when tin and air were heated in a closed container?
What did Lavoisier observe no increase in when tin and air were heated in a closed container?
In what year was Sur la combustion en général published?
What was the name of Lavoisier's second gas?
What is Trioxygen (O3) usually called?
What type of oxygen is Trioxygen?
What part of the body is ozone damaging to?
What does the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere serve for the planet?
What is another term for ultraviolet radiation?
What is the common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth?
What is used by complex forms of life?
What part of the Earth's atmosphere is dioxygen?
Why is O2 used by complex forms of life?
What is O2 used for?
Who was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study?
In what year was James Dewar able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study?
When was the first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen developed?
What type of welding was first demonstrated in 1901?
What is more soluble in water than nitrogen?
What determines the solubility of oxygen in water?
How many milliliters of oxygen does freshwater contain per liter?
What type of water contains about 4.95 mL per liter?
About how much dissolved oxygen dissolves at 0 °C?
Is oxygen the most abundant or least abundant chemical element in the universe?
Where does Oxygen rank among chemical elements in the universe?
What percentage of the sun's mass is oxygen?
What is oxygen a major component of?
What causes the O2 in the atmosphere of Mars?
In what century did scientists realize that air could be liquefied?
How were components of liquid oxygen isolated?
Who invented the cascade method?
How much liquid was produced in Cailletet's method of liquefying molecular oxygen?
When was liquid oxygen liquified for the first time?
What planet has a higher proportion of oxygen-16 than Earth?
What does the Sun have a higher proportion of than the Earth?
What crashed?
What type of process depleted oxygen-16 from the Sun's disk?
Along with the Moon, Mars and meteorites, on what planet has the Sun had a higher amount of oxygen-16?
What is the term given to several higher-energy species of molecular O 2 in which all electron spins are paired?
What is singlet oxygen more reactive towards?
During what process is singlet oxygen formed?
How is singlet oxygen produced in the troposphere?
What type of organisms absorb energy from singlet oxygen before it can harm tissues?
Who studies the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells of marine organisms?
What do paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine?
What percentage of heavier oxygen-18 does seawater molecules contain?
What isotope do paleoclimatologists measure?
What type of temperature increases the oxygen-16 ratio?
What wavelengths does Oxygen show absorption bands at?
What has the use of atomic absorption been proposed as a way to monitor?
What has been proposed as a possible method of monitoring the carbon cycle?
What kind of scale has the carbon cycle been proposed as a way to monitor?
What kind of scientists have proposed using the measurement of radiance coming from vegetation canopies?
What are O2 molecules in triplet form?
What is attracted to a magnet?
What are the spin magnetic moments of O2 molecules?
What causes the magnetic character of O2 molecules in triplet form?
Liquid oxygen can be supported by its own weight between the poles of what?
What are reactive oxygen species considered to be?
Peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen are created to do what?
What do reactive oxygen species play an important role in protecting plants against?
Oxygen is toxic to what type of organisms?
When did O2 accumulate in the atmosphere?
At what temperature does oxygen condenses?
Liquid and solid O2 are what kind of substances?
Liquid O2 is obtained by fractional distillation of what?
What liquid is used to cool liquid oxygen?
Liquid oxygen must be segregated from what?
Where does free oxygen occur in solution?
At what temperature is O2 solubility increased?
Why do polar oceans support a higher density of life?
What type of algae is stimulated by eutrophication?
What do scientists measure to assess water quality?
When did photosynthetic archaea and bacteria evolve?
During what era did free oxygen first appear in significant quantities?
What formed when dissolved iron and free oxygen combined in the oceans?
When did free oxygen gas reach its current level?
When did free oxygen outgas the oceans?
The unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth is the result of what?
What type of oxygen cycle describes the movement of oxygen within and between its three main reservoirs on Earth?
How many main reservoirs does the oxygen cycle contain?
What is responsible for modern Earth's atmosphere?
What gas is the result of the oxygen cycle?
What is one bed of a pair of identical?
What percentage of O 2 gas is delivered through one bed of a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves?
What does the molecular sieves absorb?
What type of technology is used to obtain oxygen gas?
What is the other method of producing O2 gas?
Oxygen gas can be produced by electrolysis of what liquid?
Oxygen gas can be produced by electrolysis of water into what molecular forms?
What type of electricity must be used to produce oxygen gas?
What are two examples of electrocatalytic O2 evolution?
What type of catalysts are used in submarines?
What kind of use has oxygen been found in?
What is the euphoric effect of oxygen?
What is the main reason professional football players wear oxygen masks?
What is the more likely explanation for the pharmacological effect of oxygen bars?
What type of exercise is aerobic?
What type of medicine uses special oxygen chambers to increase the partial pressure of O 2?
Increased O2 concentration in the lungs helps to displace what from hemoglobin?
What is oxygen gas poisonous to?
What occurs in divers who decompress too quickly after diving?
What is used to treat emphysema, pneumonia, and some heart disorders?
What part of the body does oxygen supplementation relieve work load?
What is used in medicine to respiration?
Uptake of O2 from the air is essential for what?
What is oxygen therapy used to treat?
Why does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements?
Oxygen forms chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give what?
What is the name of wüstite?
What does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give?
Oxygen oxide slows what process?
What event causes passengers to need O2?
What type of oxygen generators do sudden cabin pressure causes?
What type of reaction produces a steady stream of oxygen gas?
What is produced by the exothermic reaction?
What is one method used to store liquid oxygen?
What type of containers are used to store liquid oxygen?
How is oxygen transported in bulk?
What type of gas is used in welding and cutting?
Outside of hospitals, what type of institutions might you find bulk liquid oxygen storage containers?
What kind of solvents contain oxygen?
What type of compounds contain oxygen?
What are acetone and phenol used for?
What are ethers in which the oxygen atom is a ring of three atoms?
What kind of classes of organic compounds contain oxygen?
The element is found in almost all what?
How many common complex biomolecules contain no oxygen?
What organic compound has the largest proportion of oxygen?
Along with fats, fatty acids, amino acids, and fats, what else contains oxygen?
In what part of the body is calcium phosphate found?
What can occur in deep scuba diving and surface supplied diving?
What can inhaling an air mixture with more than 60 kPa cause?
What is the highest O 2 partial pressure that can cause convulsions?
What is the most feared effect for divers in deep scuba diving?
What is the most feared effect of oxygen toxicity?
Why is pure O2 used in space suits?
What is the general O 2 partial pressure in breathing gas in spacesuits?
What is the normal amount of O 2 partial pressure in breathing gas in spacesuits?
What effect does breathing pure O2 in space causes?
Is the O 2 partial pressure in the astronaut's arterial blood more or less than normal sea-level O2 partial pressure?
When can oxygen gas be toxic?
What is the kilopascals of oxygen at partial pressure?
What is the typical composition of oxygen gas at 50 kilopascals?
What type of ventilators are most likely to be affected by oxygen toxicity?
What percentage of O 2 does gas supplied through oxygen masks in medical applications contain?
When did the 1973 oil crisis begin?
What was the global price of oil by the end of March 1974?
When did the second oil shock occur?
What was the 1973 oil crisis called?
Who declared an oil embargo in October 1973?
Why did some European nations try to distance themselves from US foreign policy in the Middle East?
How did the Nixon administration respond to the Arab oil producers?
When did Henry Kissinger negotiate an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula?
When did Arab oil producers lift their embargo on the US?
When did the US pull out of the Bretton Woods Accord?
Why did the dollar leave the Gold Exchange Standard?
How did the other industrialized nations respond to the fluctuating value of the dollar?
When did OPEC release a joint communiqué stating that they would price oil in terms of a fixed amount of gold?
Why did oil producers lose money?
How much had the dollar price of oil risen from 1947 to 1967?
When did OPEC slow to readjust prices to reflect the oil shock?
When did OPEC's price increases occur?
How long had the dollar price of oil stayed stable?
When did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel?
Who was the world's second largest oil exporter?
How much did the Shah of Iran say oil prices should go up from now on?
Who was the world's second largest oil exporter?
What caused oil prices to increase?
Why did OPEC raise the posted price of oil by 70% to $5.11 a barrel?
When did OPEC raise the posted price of oil by 70% to $5.11 a barrel?
How long did OPEC agree to continue to cut production?
How much money did Nixon request Congress to provide to Israel?
What was OPEC's response to?
How much money did Saudi Arabia spend to spread Wahhabism?
What groups did the al-Haramain Foundation fund?
In what region of the world did Saudi Arabia buy arms?
What was the main reason for the decrease in oil prices?
What is the name of the religion that Saudi Arabia helped spread throughout the world?
What has been held responsible for recessions, periods of excessive inflation, reduced productivity and lower economic growth in the US?
The Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with what country?
Prior to what year did there exist a negotiated settlement between the US and USSR?
Interest groups and government agencies worried about energy were no match for who?
What had a negative influence on the US economy?
What was an example of an industry that was affected by the embargo?
What consisted of inflationary and deflationary impacts?
What rugged terrain did the embargo leave oil companies searching for new ways to increase oil supplies?
How long did it take to find oil and develop new fields?
Which member of the EEC had a complete embargo?
Which country did France refuse to allow to use its airfields?
Which country had traditionally been an ally of Israel?
Which country did Harold Wilson's government support?
Who was Harold Wilson's successor?
Which country was unaffected by the embargo?
What caused the change of government in the UK?
When did coal miners and railroad workers strike in the UK?
Along with the UK, Italy, Switzerland and Norway, what country banned flying, driving, and boating on Sundays?
What country rationed gasoline and heating oil?
What exacerbated the crisis in the US?
Why was new oil sold at a higher price?
What exacerbated the crisis in the US?
How was scarcity addressed in the US?
Who was the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office?
When was William E. Simon named administrator of the Federal Energy Office?
What was the purpose of the Federal Energy Office?
When did the American Automobile Association report that 20% of American gasoline stations had no fuel?
What was the national maximum speed limit in 1974?
What act imposed a 55 mph speed limit in 1974?
Who signed the National Highway Designation Act?
When did Bill Clinton sign the National Highway Designation Act?
When was the cabinet-level Department of Energy created?
What led to greater interest in renewable energy, nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels?
What do American energy policies ignore?
Who has repeatedly backed policies that promise solutions that are politically expedient but whose prospects are doubtful?
Which country was concerned about the rise in oil prices?
Who was worried that the US would invade Iraq?
According to intelligence, how long did the American occupation of Iraq last?
Who did the Soviet intelligence warn would be alienated by the US occupation?
Who was the country most dependent on Arab oil?
How much of Japan's imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970?
How much production cut did Japan receive in December of 1973?
When did Japan issue a statement stating that Israel should withdraw from all of the 1967 territories?
When was Japan considered an Arab-friendly state?
What was one sign of insecurity in the region?
Which two countries became increasingly dependent on American security assurances?
Which country's arms sales exceeded five times Israel's in 1979?
When did the Shah lose power in Iran?
When did Wahhabi extremists seize the Grand Mosque in Mecca?
What did the crisis reduce the demand for?
What became mass-market leaders?
What engines were more fuel efficient than American engines?
Which country became mass-market leaders with unibody construction and front-wheel drive?
When did the oil crisis begin?
What was the name of the larger Japanese car?
Along with air conditioning, what feature did the Datsun 810 feature?
Along with Acura, Infiniti, what luxury car brand did Toyota establish in the U.S.?
Along with the Datsun Truck, what compact truck was introduced in the United States?
What did Mitsubishi rebrand its Forte as?
Who did Mitsubishi and Isuzu partner with?
What policy did American makers end with their domestic replacements?
What forced General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales?
The Dodge Omni / Plymouth Horizon had room for how many passengers?
In what year did the average American vehicle move 17.4 miles per gallon?
Along with the Buick Electra, Cadillac DeVille and Fleetwood, what luxury sedans were popular in the 1970s?
Which full-size car did not recover in the 1970s?
By what year had all "full-size" American cars shrunk?
In what year did Chrysler discontinue full-size luxury sedans?
Which car was a prelude to the DOT "downsize" revision of vehicle categories?
When did OPEC lose its preeminent position?
When did the price of oil decrease to less than $10 per barrel?
What was Saudi Arabia trying to do?
What was the peak price of oil in 1979?
What was the name of the spacecraft that carried the first humans on the Moon?
Project Apollo was carried out by what organization?
In what year was the first manned Apollo mission?
Which president first created the Apollo mission?
How many people were on the Gemini mission?
When did the Apollo program run?
Which two-man program supported the Apollo missions?
The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project was a joint Earth orbit mission with what country?
What was the name of the space station used by the Apollo Applications Program?
In what year was the first Apollo 1 cabin fire?
The Apollo 1 cabin fire killed the entire crew during what?
What caused the cancellation of three of the Apollo missions?
How many of the subsequent six Apollo missions achieved successful landings?
What prevented the Apollo 13 landing?
Which Apollo mission was the first to orbit another celestial body?
Which Apollo mission was the sixth to orbit another celestial body?
How much did the Apollo 17 mission return to earth?
What areas of technology did the Apollo 17 mission advance?
How many people could the Apollo capsule carry on a limited Earth orbit mission?
How many astronauts would Apollo carry on a limited Earth orbit mission?
Who was the manager of the Apollo program?
Along with circumlunar flights, what was one of the possible missions of the Apollo program?
When was the Apollo program conceived?
In what year was the Apollo program announced to industry representatives?
Who led NASA's in-house spacecraft design studies?
How many study contracts were awarded to General Dynamics/Convair, General Electric, and the Glenn L. Martin Company?
Who was NASA Deputy Administrator in 1960?
Who was elected president in 1960?
Who did John F. Kennedy claim superiority over in space exploration and missile defense?
Why was Kennedy put off by the Apollo program?
Which NASA administrator requested a 30 percent budget increase?
What issue did Kennedy speak out against prior to becoming president?
Who was the first person to fly in space?
Which country did Gagarin's flight reinforce American fears about being left behind in a technological competition?
How long after Gagarin's flight did congressmen pledge their support for a crash program?
How did Kennedy respond to the news of Gagarin's flight?
On what date did Kennedy send a letter to Johnson?
Which president did Kennedy send a message to?
How long after Kennedy sent his message did Johnson respond?
What did Johnson conclude about the US's space program?
Who was given authority to grow the Manned Spacecraft Center?
Where had Gilruth's Space Task Group been directing the US's manned space program?
Where was the Manned Spacecraft Center chosen?
What university donated land for the Manned Spacecraft Center?
Where was the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station launch facility located?
Where was the Launch Operations Center located?
Who was responsible for the design, development and construction of the Launch Operations Center?
What position did Debus hold at the Launch Operations Center?
President Johnson renamed the LOC and Cape Canaveral in honor of whom?
How many launch pads were planned?
What type of spacecraft could be tested in two vacuum chambers?
Up to what altitude could the Apollo spacecraft be tested in vacuum chambers?
How big was the VAB in the Vertical Assembly Building?
Who did administrator Webb recruit for a high management job?
When did Mueller become Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight?
Who did Mueller replace as Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight?
Who was the Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight in 1963?
What industry experience did General Samuel C. Phillips have?
In what branch of the military was Samuel C. Phillips a notable manager?
Who did Mueller recruit to be the OMSF program controller?
How long did General Samuel C. Phillips manage the Apollo mission?
What position did General Samuel C. Phillips receive from NASA?
What did many engineers fear would be extremely difficult in lunar orbit?
In what year was direct ascent generally the mission mode in favor at NASA?
Who was the Associate Administrator of NASA in 1961?
Who was the special technical assistant to Seamans in 1961?
When was the ad-hoc committee established?
Members of what organization began to support LOR?
Who was the deputy director of the Office of Manned Space Flight in 1961?
What does MSFC stand for?
Who was Kennedy's science advisor?
Who did Wiesner hire to chair his own "Space Vehicle Panel"?
Who did Golovin work for?
When did NASA make its formal announcement to the press?
Who said "No, that's no good" in front of the press?
What did Wiesner say in front of the press?
What was the name of the Lunar Module?
Who did NASA choose as the LEM contractor in 1962?
What did the LOR method allow for in the event of a failure of a command ship?
On what Apollo mission did an oxygen tank explosion leave the command ship without power?
What did the Lunar Module provide to the crew of the Apollo 13 mission?
In what year was the LOR method dropped?
What shape was Maxime Faget's Apollo command module?
What was the name of the Lunar Module after Kennedy's goal?
How many men did the Lunar Excursion Module carry to the surface?
How many astronauts did the Command Module carry?
What type of landing was the Command Module designed to carry three astronauts to?
What was the exterior of the Command Module covered with?
What was carried to slow the descent of the Command Module to splashdown?
How much did the Command Module weigh?
What type of Module supported the Command Module?
What was used for long distance communications on the Moon?
What happened to the Service Module after re-entry?
How much did the initial Lunar Module weigh?
What was carried on extended lunar missions?
Who won the contract to build the Saturn V launch vehicle?
How much thrust did the CSM's service propulsion engine provide for translunar flight?
In what year did a program definition study conclude that the CSM should be continued as Block I?
What was the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA?
How many astronauts did the Lunar Module land on the Moon?
Was the Lunar Module designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth?
How much did the initial Lunar Module weigh?
How long did the Lunar Module allow surface stays?
Who was the Director of the Marshall Space Flight Center before the Apollo program began?
What branch of the military was von Braun transferred to?
On what date did the Saturn V replace the Nova?
What did the first four Saturn I test flights carry?
In what years did Saturn launch five boilerplate CSMs into orbit?
The last three of Saturn's CSMs supported the Apollo program by carrying what?
What did the Pegasus satellites measure?
What was an upgraded version of the Saturn I?
How much thrust did the S-IVB-200 produce?
A restartable version of the S-IVB was used as what stage of the Saturn V?
How much weight could the Saturn IB send into low Earth orbit?
What was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon?
How tall was the Saturn V?
How many stages did the Saturn V have?
What did the second and third stages of the Saturn V burn?
Which two Apollo missions were commanded by Gemini veterans?
Which Apollo missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans?
Who was the first NASA scientist to fly in space?
Which mission did Dr. Harrison Schmitt land on the Moon?
On what mission did Dr. Harrison Schmitt land on the Moon?
How many Apollo 8 crew members were awarded the Distinguished Service Medal?
What was the highest honor NASA awarded to its astronauts?
In what year was the Distinguished Service Medal awarded to Grissom, White, and Chaffee?
Why were the astronauts awarded the lesser NASA Exceptional Service Medal?
Which Apollo mission was the first to receive the Distinguished Service Medal?
In what year were two Block I CSMs launched from LC-34?
What was the altitude of the first Block I CSM launched?
How far downrange was the second Block I CSM recovered?
Along with the Service Module engine and Command Module, what did the two flights validate?
What type of LM test flight was the AS-206?
What did the astronauts begin wearing on the Lunar Module Pilot?
What was replaced with a "fishbowl" type for greater visibility?
What did the Lunar surface EVA suit include?
Along with Commander and Command Module Pilot, what was the LMP for the Block II crew?
Who was responsible for selecting the first Apollo crew?
Which spacecraft was Deke Slayton on?
In what year was the first Apollo crew selected?
Who was the first Apollo crew member?
What was the prime crew for the Apollo 11?
What happened to the AS-205 mission in December 1966?
When was the AS-258 mission planned?
What was the Saturn IB redesignated?
What crew were Schirra, Eisele and Cunningham reassigned to?
Who did Mueller appoint to head a "tiger team"?
What did Mueller appoint to oversee North American problems?
When was the Lunar Module supposed to be ready for manned flight?
Who was the Manned Space Flight Administrator in 1965?
In what chamber did the Apollo 1 mission test at the Kennedy Space Center?
Who decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight?
What did the "plugs-out" test simulate?
Where did Grissom, White, and Chaffee test their spacecraft?
What delayed the sealing of the hatch?
When did the plugs-out test begin?
What started in the cabin during the hold test?
What happened to the astronauts before the hatch could be opened?
What was the atmosphere in the cabin when the electrical fire started?
Who oversaw the NASA accident review board?
What did the review board conclude existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control?
Who did NASA Administrator Webb replace with after Storms was removed?
How did NASA respond to the accident review board?
What mixture was used to extinguish the fire on the Block II spacecraft?
What was removed from the Block II spacecraft?
What did the Block II design replace the hatch cover with?
What happened to the manned Block I program?
What type of space suits did the Block II crew members wear?
What type of mission types did Mueller approve in September 1967?
Mission types had to be what in order to achieve the manned lunar landing?
What were used instead of numbers in the sequence of mission types?
What was the name of the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V?
What part of the Command Module survived a trans-lunar reentry?
On what date did the Apollo 6 mission begin?
What did NASA cancel after the failure of the Apollo 6 mission?
What was the first unmanned test flight of the Apollo system?
Where was Apollo 5 launched from?
Who wanted a second unmanned test flight of the Apollo 5?
Were the Apollo 5 engines successful?
What was the abort mode of the Apollo 5 mission called?
What did the Apollo 8 mission use instead of a Saturn V?
On what mission did the Soviet Union send animals to the Moon?
On what date did the Apollo 8 mission return to Earth?
What was the next step for the Apollo 8 mission?
Who did the Soviet Union hope to send to the Moon with?
What was the name of the Apollo 11 mission?
When did the Apollo 11 mission take place?
What did the Apollo 11 mission send back to Earth?
Which three astronauts were on the Apollo 11 mission?
When did the Apollo 11 mission return to Earth?
Which Apollo 11 was closest to the Surveyor 3 probe?
What was the Apollo 12 probe in relation to?
After landing on the Moon, what did they do with the parts of the camera they removed?
What object was the Command Module Pilot's camera accidentally pointed into?
What would the final Saturn V mission carry?
What was revised for the extended missions?
How many planned landing sites did NASA have for the Apollo 20 mission?
How long did the Lunar Module stay on the Moon?
What did NASA plan to increase for the CSM and LM?
What caused the Apollo 13 mission to be delayed two days?
The success of the first two Apollo missions allowed for the crew to be called what?
What happened to the Apollo 13 mission after the liquid oxygen tank exploded?
What part of the Apollo 13 mission exploded two days out of launch?
When did the Apollo 13 mission launch?
What Apollo 11 mission was eliminated in 1969?
What happened to NASA's budget after the successful Apollo 20 landing?
What did the Saturn Vs become at the John F. Kennedy Space Center?
In what year did NASA cancel missions 18 and 19 of the Saturn V?
How old are the rocks collected from the Moon compared to those found on Earth?
What is the age range for samples from the highlands crust?
What geochemical component was discovered on the Moon?
What was the name of the Apollo 15 rock retrieved from the Moon?
What do many samples of the Moon appear to be pitted with?
Almost all the rocks on the Moon show evidence of what?
What is impact melt?
What was the estimate of the Apollo program costs in 2005 dollars?
How many Saturn V rockets did NASA purchase?
What was the estimated cost of the Apollo from 1959 to 1973?
What is another name for the Apollo Extension Series?
What does AAP stand for?
The most ambitious plan for using an empty S-IVB as an interplanetary spacecraft was for what planet?
In what year did the S-IVB orbital workshop launch?
How was Skylab constructed?
When did Skylab's last crew leave the station?
What did Skylab have that would have been used on the Apollo Telescope Missions?
What was NASA's robotic probe called?
Which Apollo 11 mission was the only one to have the U.S. flag left on the Moon?
What is the current state of the colors of the U.S. flags left on the Moon after Apollo 11?
Which mission sent the first live pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth?
What book did the Apollo 8 mission read from?
How much of the population saw the live broadcast of the Apollo 8 mission?
What did the Apollo 8 mission provide to 1968?
What was used to record the Moon landing data?
Was the Apollo TV camera compatible or incompatible with broadcast TV?
What caused NASA to remove large quantities of magnetic tapes?
What did NASA use to record the Moon landing data?
Who designed and built the Apollo TV camera?
Who compiled the Apollo 11 broadcast data?
How was the Apollo 11 video processed?
Along with the CBS News archive and the Apollo 11 tapes, what recordings were used to preserve the images?
What company was Nafzger assigned to restore the Apollo 11 footage?
What colors are the Apollo 11 video in?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What is European Union law?
What are the main sources of European Union law?
What are the secondary sources of European Union law?
Who is the legislature of the European Union composed of?
What is European Union law?
Regulations and Directives have what effect on the laws of European Union member states?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
Who is the legislature of the European Union composed of?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What are the main sources of European Union law?
Who is the legislature of the European Union composed of?
How many sources of European Union law are there?
Who applies European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
What treaty allows the European Commission to take action against a member state?
Who is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
What is a supplementary source of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Under what treaty can the European Commission take proceedings against a member state?
Who is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
What is a supplementary source of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Who is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
What are the sources of European Union law?
What are the EU's primary constitutional sources?
Who has the ability to propose legislation?
Who elects the European Parliament?
What is the supreme judicial body that interprets EU law?
What body is composed of Prime Ministers and executive Presidents of member states?
What are the core treaties of the EU?
What region is excluded from the jurisdiction of European Union law?
What is the Court of Justice of the European Union?
When may individuals rely on primary law in the Court of Justice?
When do treaties apply to the European Union?
What are the two core treaties of the EU?
What are two territories where a member state is responsible for external relations?
When do treaties apply to the European Union?
Who can interpret the Treaties of the European Union?
What were the principal Treaties that form the European Union?
What are the names of the two treaties that formed the European Union?
When did Greenland sign a treaty giving it special status?
When did Ireland join the European Union?
Which country signed a treaty in 1985 giving it special status?
What were the principal Treaties that form the European Union?
When was the Maastricht Treaty signed?
When was the Single European Act signed?
When did Ireland, Denmark and Norway join the European Union?
When did Greenland sign a treaty giving it special status?
When was there an attempt to reform the constitutional law of the European Union?
What two referendums resulted in the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never being enacted?
How similar was the Lisbon Treaty to the proposed constitutional treaty?
What was the Lisbon Treaty formally?
What did the Lisbon Treaty do?
What was the Nice Treaty?
What would have been the result of the Nice Treaty?
What two factors caused the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never to come into force?
What was the name of the 2004 treaty that established a Constitution for Europe?
Who is the main executive body of the European Union?
Who has a monopoly on initiating legislative procedure?
Who sets the agenda for EU's work?
Since Ireland refused to consent to changes in the Treaty of Lisbon, how many Commissioners are there?
Who is the current High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy?
Which article of the Treaty on European Union states that Commissioners should be completely independent?
Who sets the agenda for EU's work?
How are decisions made by the Commission?
Which country refused to consent to changes in the Treaty of Lisbon?
Who is subject to a qualified majority vote of the Council?
Which Commission was censured by Parliament in 1999?
What did the European Court of Justice rule in Commission v Edith Cresson?
Who created the European Anti-fraud Office?
The European Central Bank has a six-person board appointed by what body?
What voting rights do Commissioners not have?
When was the Santer Commission censured by Parliament?
What was the name of the case where the European Court of Justice held that a Commissioner giving her dentist a job did not break any law?
Who created the European Anti-fraud Office?
What was created after the Committee of Independent Experts found that a culture had developed where few Commissioners had even the slightest sense of responsibility?
In what year did the European Anti-fraud Office investigate John Dalli?
Who has the power of amendment and veto during the legislative process?
What is the main problem with democracy in the European Union?
How often do Parliament elections take place?
How many votes are required to censure the whole Commission?
According to the Treaty on European Union articles 9 and 10, equality and democracy are deficient in practice?
Who has a monopoly on initiating legislation?
Who has the power of amendment and veto during the legislative process?
When was the first direct elections held in the European Parliament?
How often do Parliament elections take place?
What party is currently the largest in the European Parliament?
Who is the second main legislative body of the EU?
Who is the current President of the European Council?
How is the voting process of the European Council weighted?
How many votes does the Council have?
How many of the 352 votes are crucial during the legislative process?
What is the second main legislative body of the EU?
How often does the European Council meet?
How many votes does the Council have?
What does TEU article 16(4) and TFEU article 238(3) define to mean?
How many MEPs must vote to block or suggest changes to EU legislation?
What type of majority must the Council vote to approve changes?
Is it easier or harder to change EU law than stay the same?
Which articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred?
What body believes it has the final say in EU legislation?
What defines the "ordinary legislative procedure" that applies for most EU acts?
How can legislation be blocked?
Which articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred?
What is convened when the different institutions cannot agree at any stage?
What branch of the EU has played an important role in the development of EU law?
What is the main judicial body of the EU?
How many judges sit on the European Court of Justice?
Most EU law is applied by who?
What is the CJEU's duty?
How has the judicial branch of the EU played an important role in the development of EU law?
What is the main judicial body of the EU?
What court deals with EU staff issues?
How long is a president of the CJEU?
What is the CJEU's duty?
What has primacy within the EU?
Why did the Italian Constitutional Court give an opinion that Costa had no claim?
In Costa v ENEL, what two regulations did the Court of Justice rule was contrary to?
Who has had to develop principles to resolve conflicts of laws between different systems?
In what year was Costa v ENEL?
Who stated that if EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, then EU law has primacy?
What does the United Kingdom believe takes primacy over national law?
What does the Court of Justice have the final say on?
When was the European Communities Act enacted?
According to the German Constitutional Court, what does the EU's legitimacy rest on?
What is the German Constitutional Court's view on the EU?
What binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law?
In what year were Directives established?
What actions by EU institutions are subject to judicial review?
What concerns the European Union's governance structure?
In which case was it held that the provisions of the Treaties are directly effective?
What article in TFEU prevents Dutch Customs Authorities from charging tariffs on urea-formaldehyde plastics?
What is Van Gend en Loos?
What are EU Regulations the same as?
What do not generally give citizens standing to sue other citizens?
How many paid holidays does the Working Time Directive require every worker to have each year?
Most member states require more than how many days in national law to implement a Working Time Directive?
When did three Advocate Generals argue that Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens?
What happens if a Directive's deadline for implementation is not met?
When can a citizen or company invoke a Directive?
How long did Kücükdeveci work for before she was fired?
Which company did the Court of Justice rule was entitled to bring a sex discrimination claim against?
According to the Court of Justice in Foster v British Gas, what two retirements did British Gas plc make?
Who has a duty to interpret domestic law as far as possible?
What did the First Company Law Directive article 11 require?
What was the Italian government accused of in Francovich v Italy?
How much money did Francovich claim from the Italian government for his loss?
Who developed the principles of European Union law?
What are the accepted general principles of European Union Law?
How long has proportionality been recognized by the European Court of Justice?
Where is the principle of proportionality found in the EC Treaty?
What must be adopted when there is a choice between several appropriate measures?
How long has the concept of legal certainty been recognized by the European Court of Justice?
What is legal certainty an important general principle of?
What must the adoption of laws which will have legal effect in the European Union have?
Where does the doctrine of legitimate expectation originate?
What is the European Court of Justice bound to draw inspiration from?
What cannot the European Court of Justice uphold measures which are incompatible with?
How many of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights?
Who should be prevented from violating human rights?
In what year was the European Convention on Human Rights established?
What did the European Convention on Human Rights establish?
When did the European Council set up a body tasked with drafting a European Charter of Human Rights?
In what year was the Lisbon Treaty adopted?
The 2007 Lisbon Treaty recognizes the rights, freedoms and principles set out in what document?
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union has become an integral part of what?
Who enforces the Charter and the Convention in relation to European Union measures?
The Social Chapter of the European Union is a chapter of what treaty?
In what year was the Treaty of Amsterdam signed?
In what year was the Social Chapter developed?
How many general principles did the Social Charter declare?
The Social Charter became the basis for European Community legislation on how many pieces of legislation?
Who adopted the Social Charter in 1989?
Which country refused to sign the Social Charter?
The UK was the only member state to veto the Social Charter being included as what?
When was the Social Charter added to the Maastricht Treaty?
What caused the UK to join the Agreement on Social Policy?
In what year was the UK Labour Party elected to government?
What directive required workforce consultation in businesses?
When did the Parental Leave Directive come into effect?
What did the 1994 Works Council Directive require?
Which countries are part of the European Coal and Steel Community?
In what year was the European Coal and Steel Community established?
What did Article 65 of the agreement ban?
Which article of the agreement banned cartels?
In what year was the Treaty of Rome established?
Where does the Treaty of Lisbon prohibit anti-competitive agreements?
What does Article 102 prohibit?
Which articles provide that a member state's right to deliver public services may not be obstructed?
Which article allows the European Council to regulate mergers between firms?
When was the concept of a "social market economy" introduced into EU law?
When was the Treaty of Rome signed?
What is the World Trade Organisation meant to reduce?
What area was originally theorized to give way to a customs union?
Who has taken the view that the specific goals of free trade are underpinned by the general aims of the treaty for improvement of people's well being?
How is free movement of goods within the European Union achieved?
Who did the Belgian law requiring Scotch whisky to have a certificate of origin discriminate against?
States can be responsible for what?
In what case were French farmer vigilantes continually sabotaging Spanish strawberries and Belgian tomato imports?
What did Austria fail to ban?
What was the alcohol content of German liqueurs?
From what country was Cassis de Dijon intended to be imported?
In what year was Commission v Italy Italian law?
What was all of the chocolate in Italian chocolate made from?
In the case of Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopol für Branntwein, what was the Court of Justice's verdict?
Which two importers claimed that their prosecution under a French competition law was unlawful?
What was the aim of the French competition law?
Which case reviewed Swedish bans on advertising to children under age 12?
What EU law harmonizes restrictions on marketing and advertising to forbid conduct that distorts average consumer behavior?
What did the Treaties seek?
Who originally focused on free movement of workers?
What was free movement based on?
In what case did a German man claim the right to live in the Netherlands?
What did the Court of Justice hold that Steymann was entitled to?
Which articles of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation set out the main provisions on equal treatment of workers?
Who claimed that he should be able to transfer from R.F.C. de Liège to USL Dunkerque?
What language was required to teach in Dublin design college?
According to article 7(2) of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation, who must receive equal treatment in respect to tax?
According to article 7(2) of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation, who must receive equal treatment in respect to tax?
What has increasingly been seen as a "fundamental" status of member state nationals by the Court of Justice?
What has citizenship of the EU increased?
What case held that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students?
What has the Court required should be more access to?
What protects the freedom of establishment in article 49?
How were the requirements to be registered in Milan before being able to practice allowed?
In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar was unjustified?
What article of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union protects the freedom of establishment?
In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a requirement for lawyers in Italy to comply with maximum tariffs was not a restriction?
In what year did a toxic waste spill off the coast of Côte d'Ivoire occur?
What does Spain not have a crime against?
When did the Court of Justice rule that the Commission could not propose criminal sanctions?
In what year was the competence for the EU to enact criminal legislation contested?
What does TFEU article 56 apply to?
Why was a Dutch lawyer told he couldn't continue advising a client in a social security case?
In Alpine Investments B, what type of drugs were controlled in all member states?
What did the Dutch health authorities regard as unnecessary?
Which newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands without first settling its tax bills in the UK?
What was the minimum amount of capital required to start a company in the UK?
Denmark's legislature said companies should only be started up if they had how much to protect creditors if they went insolvent?
What could restrictions on freedom of establishment be justified by?
In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a German court could not deny a Dutch building company the right to enforce a contract in Germany on the basis that it was not validly incorporated in Germany?
What is the name of the Amazon rainforest?
How much of South America is covered by the Amazon rainforest?
How many nations are in the Amazon rainforest?
What are the names given to the Amazon rainforest?
How much of the planet is the Amazon rainforest?
What is the Dutch name for the Amazon rainforest?
What is the most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world?
Where is the majority of the Amazon rainforest located?
How much of the planet's remaining rainforests is the Amazon?
How many species of trees are in the Amazon rainforest?
What type of forest is the Amazon Jungle?
How many square miles is the Amazon rainforest?
How many nations are in the Amazon rainforest?
Where is the majority of the Amazon rainforest located?
How many species of trees are in the Amazon rainforest?
What caused the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent?
What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics?
When did the rainforest expand?
When did the rainforest expand?
How did the rainforest survive during glacial periods?
What may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent?
How far south did the rainforest extend from 66-34 Mya?
What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics?
During which period did the rainforest cover a narrow band?
During the Oligocene, what happened to the rainforest?
What event caused the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent?
When did the rainforest extend as far south as 45°?
When did the rainforest expand again?
When did the rainforest retreat to a mostly inland formation?
How long have savanna regions been able to expand into the tropics?
When did the Purus Arch split?
Which side of the basin did the Purus Arch split?
What was the lake that enclosed the Andes Mountains called?
When did the Solimões Basin form?
How did the water flow through the Purus Arch?
When was the Purus Arch split?
Where did the water on the eastern side of the Purus Arch flow?
Which direction did water flow to the west?
What basin did the Pacific water flow into?
What is the lake that enclosed the Andes Mountains now known as?
When was the Purus Arch split?
What is believed to have split the drainage basin of the Amazon?
Where did the water on the eastern side of the Purus Arch flow?
Which direction did water flow to the west?
What was the lake that enclosed the Andes Mountains called?
What does LGM stand for?
What do sediment deposits from the Amazon Fan indicate about rainfall?
What do some scientists argue about the extent of the loss of vegetation?
What has the debate about the extent of the loss of vegetation in the last glacial Maximum been?
What conclusion has been drawn from the available data?
How many years did the Last Glacial Maximum last?
What two events are thought to have caused significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation?
Paleolakes and what else indicate that rainfall was lower during the LGM?
What is the most likely cause of the decrease in rainfall?
How many years did the Last Glacial Maximum last?
Paleolakes and what else indicate that rainfall was lower during the LGM?
What was the LGM associated with?
What do some scientists argue the rainforest was separated by?
What is one of the limitations of working in the rainforest?
What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is blown out of the Sahara each year?
How far is the Sahara from the Atlantic Ocean?
Where does 27.7 million tons of dust fall each year?
How many tons of dust remain in the air?
What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is blown out of the Sahara each year?
How much dust falls over the Amazon basin?
How many tons of dust remain in the air?
How much dust falls on the Caribbean Sea?
What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
What agency's CALIPSO satellite has measured the amount of dust?
How much dust is blown out of the Sahara each year?
How far is the Sahara from the Atlantic Ocean?
How much dust falls over the Amazon basin?
What is the name of the book written by Betty Meggers?
What is the population density of the Amazon rainforest?
What was the only way to sustain a large population in the rainforest?
What type of research has suggested that the Amazon was densely populated?
How many people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500?
Why was it impossible to sustain a large population through agriculture?
Who was a prominent proponent of the idea of a dense population in the Amazon?
According to Meggers, what is the population density per square kilometre?
What book was written by Betty Meggers?
Who was a prominent proponent of the idea of a dense population in the Amazon?
What book was written by Betty Meggers?
What is the maximum population density that can be sustained in the rainforest?
How many people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500?
What was the population of the Amazon in the 1980s?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
When did Orellana believe civilization was flourishing along the Amazon River?
What is believed to have devastated the civilization of the Amazon?
When were geoglyphs discovered on deforested land?
Between what years have geoglyphs been discovered on deforested land?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
When did Orellana travel the length of the Amazon River?
Between what years have geoglyphs been discovered on deforested land?
Who was accredited with discovering the geoglyphs?
How long has the Amazon rainforest been shaped by man?
What is Terra preta?
Where is Terra preta distributed?
What did Terra preta help with?
The remains of settlements found in the middle of the Amazon forest belong to what tribe?
Who found the remains of the Xingu tribe?
What is distributed over large areas in the Amazon forest?
What did Terra preta help with?
The remains of settlements found in the middle of the Amazon forest belong to what tribe?
Who found the remains of the Xingu tribe?
What were found in the remains of the Xingu tribe settlements?
How many insect species are in Brazil?
How many bird species live in the rainforests of the Amazon?
How many plant species have been found in the Amazon?
How many of the fish species in the world live in the Amazon?
How many invertebrate species have been discovered in Brazil?
How many insect species are in Brazil?
How many birds and mammals live in the Amazon?
How many plant species have been found in the Amazon?
How many reptiles have been scientifically classified in the Amazon region?
How many bird species live in the rainforests of the Amazon?
How much of the Ecuadorian rainforest can contain about 90,790 tonnes of living plants?
How many tree species does the Ecuadorian rainforest support?
How many tonnes of living plants can one square kilometer of the Amazon rainforest contain?
What is the average plant biomass in the Amazon rainforest?
How many plants of economic and social interest have been registered in the Amazon rainforest?
Where does the biodiversity of the Amazon rainforest rank?
How many tree species does the Ecuadorian rainforest support?
How many living plants can one square kilometer of the Amazon rainforest contain?
What is the average plant biomass in the Amazon rainforest?
How many plants of economic and social interest have been registered in the Amazon rainforest?
What can stun or kill a person in the rainforest?
What is one of the largest predatory creatures in the rainforest?
What animal can bite and injure humans?
What do poison dart frogs secrete through their flesh?
What species can spread the rabies virus?
What is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas called?
Prior to when was access to the interior of the Amazon highly restricted?
What method was used to cultivate crops in the 1960s?
Why were the colonists unable to manage their fields and crops?
Are areas cleared of forest visible to the naked eye?
What was the total area of forest lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000?
What was the total area of forest lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000?
What is most of the lost forest now used for?
How does Brazil rank in soybeans production?
How much of the Amazon has been deforested since 1970?
Who has been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects?
What did the first two highways lead to?
What is the deforestation rate per year in the Amazon?
Has deforestation increased or declined in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2014?
What was the mean deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005?
What are environmentalists concerned about?
Environmentalists are concerned about loss of biodiversity that will result from what?
Environmentalists are concerned about the release of what?
What percentage of carbon stores are in the Amazonian forests?
How many metric tonnes of carbon does the Amazonian forests store?
What conditions could cause the Amazon rainforest to become unsustainable?
What is one computer model of future climate change caused by?
By what year could the Amazon rainforest become unsustainable?
When could the Amazon rainforest be threatened?
What could threaten the rainforest?
What continue to be destroyed by deforestation and ecocide?
Ethno-biology and what other type of conservation efforts have gained attention?
What are indigenous territories being destroyed by?
What indigenous group struggles to fight for their cultural survival?
The relationship between non-human primates and the subsistence and symbolism of what peoples has gained increased attention?
What is being used by the indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests?
What tribe uses GPS to map out their ancestral lands?
Where do the Trio Tribe live?
Why do members of the Trio Tribe map out their ancestral lands?
Why is remote sensing used by the indigenous tribes of the Amazon basin?
What is the classification of in the Amazon?
What does the classification of the Amazon's biomass and subsequent emissions result in?
Who organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories?
When did Tatiana Kuplich organize the trees of the Amazon into four categories?
What kind of radar did Kuplich use?
When did parts of the Amazon basin experience the worst drought in one hundred years?
Which scientists argue that the drought response is pushing the rainforest towards a tipping point?
What is the main cause of the drought in the Amazon basin?
What is the Amazon forest on the verge of being turned into?
Which research center reported that the Amazon could survive only three years of drought?
When did the Amazon rainforest experience another severe drought?
How many square miles of rainforest was affected by the drought in 2010?
How many epicenters did the 2010 drought have where vegetation died off?
In what year did the drought in the Amazon rainforest become more severe?
How much carbon dioxide does the Amazon absorb each year?
What are ctenophora commonly known as?
Where do the ctenophora live?
How large are adults of ctenophora?
What is a ctenophora?
What are ctenophora's most distinctive feature?
What do ctenophores and cnidarians rely on for digestion?
What is the average size of an adult ctenophore?
What are ctenophora's most distinctive feature?
What are ctenophora commonly known as?
What is the average size of an adult ctenophore?
What do ctenophores and cnidarians rely on for digestion?
What is the Greek word for comb jellies?
Where do the ctenophora live?
How much can a ctenophore eat in a day?
How many species of ctenophores have been validated?
How many ctenophores have not been fully described and named?
How many ctenophores have been validated?
What are little tentacles called?
How much can a ctenophore eat in a day?
What do ctenophores have retractable?
What do coastal beroids use to prey on ctenophores?
How much can a ctenophore eat in a day?
What are little tentacles called?
What do coastal beroids use to prey on ctenophores?
What are the sticky cells that capture prey covered with?
How many ctenophores have been validated?
What is a single animal that can produce both eggs and sperm called?
What do most platyctenids look like?
Are juveniles capable of reproduction?
What is a hermaphrodite?
What are simultaneous hermaphrodites?
What type of hermaphrodites are eggs and sperm mature at different times?
What species' eggs are fertilized inside their parents' bodies and kept there until they hatch?
What enables small populations to grow at an explosive rate?
What is a hermaphrodite?
What are simultaneous hermaphrodites?
What is sequential hermaphrodites?
What species' eggs are fertilized inside their parents' bodies and kept there until they hatch?
What are miniature beroids with large mouths and no tentacles?
Where was Mnemiopsis accidentally introduced?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What two factors contributed to the collapse of the Mnemiopsis population?
Beroe preys on what?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What did Mnemiopsis eat in order to cause fish stocks to collapse?
Where can ctenophores control populations of small zooplanktonic organisms?
Where can ctenophores control populations of small zooplanktonic organisms?
What are phytoplankton?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What is Mnemiopsis blamed for in the Black Sea?
What helped mitigate the problem of Mnemiopsis?
When did the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction occur?
Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the "cydippids" are not what?
How long ago were ctenophores found in lagerstätten?
Fossils thought to represent ctenophores have no what?
How long ago were ctenophores found in lagerstätten?
When did all modern ctenophores appear relatively recently?
Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the "cydippids" are not what?
Fossils thought to represent ctenophores have no what?
Jellyfish, sea anemones and ctenophores are about as complex as what other phylum?
How are ctenophores distinguished from all other animals?
What group of animals are ctenophores less complex than?
What type of animal is more complex than sponges?
What do ctenophores have that are sticky and adhere to prey?
Jellyfish, sea anemones and ctenophores are about as complex as what other phylum?
What do ctenophores have that are sticky and adhere to prey?
What do ctenophores have that are sticky and adhere to prey?
Which animals have muscles bound by inter-cell connections and carpet-like basement membranes?
What group of animals are ctenophores less complex than?
What is the middle layer of jelly-like material in ctenophores called?
What are ctenophores and cnidarians usually called?
What two animals have traditionally been labelled diploblastic?
Ctenophores and cnidarians have traditionally been labeled diploblastic, along with what?
What do ctenophores use as their main method of locomotion?
What do ctenophores use cilia for?
What are comb-like bands of cilia called?
What does the word "ctenophora" mean?
What is the name of the three coastal genera?
What species are so fragile that it is difficult to capture them intact for study?
What do ctenophores have to be tough enough for?
What are the three coastal genera of ctenophores?
What is the gastrodermis?
What do photocytes produce?
What is an annelid's throat called?
What forms in the internal cavity of an animal?
What are the most active parts of an animal?
What are comb rows called?
What are comb plates?
What is the extra compact filament suspected to have?
How do ctenophores swim?
How long are comb plates?
What do some ctenophores rely on to adapt to water of different densities?
Where do ctenophores pump water to avoid sinking?
Why do ctenophores pump water into the mesoglea?
What do ctenophores do if they move from brackish to full-strength seawater?
What is the largest sensory feature in a ctenophore?
Where is the aboral organ located?
What protects the statocyst?
What is the main sensory feature of a ctenophore?
What is the statocyst?
What is a common coastal ctenophore?
What do ctenophores have on opposite sides of their bodies?
What shape do ctenophores bodies have?
What are ctenophores' tentacles housed in?
Where is the mouth of a ctenophore?
What are the tentacles of ctenophores typically fringed with?
What are colloblasts?
How do Euplokamis' tentilla differ from other cydippids?
How many types of movement do Euplokamis' tentilla have?
What are Euplokamis' tentilla used for?
How many rows of combs are there?
Where do the rows of combs run?
How are the combs spaced?
What runs out under the dome and splits to connect with two adjacent comb rows?
What do lobata have a pair of?
What are auricles?
How many auricles do lobates have?
What do the auricles of lobates do?
What do lobates feed on?
How do lobates escape danger?
Why do lobates clap their lobes?
How are lobates' combs coordinated?
How are lobates' combs coordinated?
What is another name for the Beroida?
What is another name for Nuda?
What does a pair of narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells do?
What do the narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells do when an animal is not feeding?
What does the Beroida have inside their mouth?
What are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals?
What is the largest ctenophores?
What are Cestida?
How can Cestids swim?
What is the term for a Cestida that moves much faster than any other?
What is on the aboral surface of Platyctenids?
What do platyctenids do by everting the pharynx?
What do all Platyctenid species lack?
Where do Platyctenids live?
How are eggs and sperm released?
What do platyctenids use for fertilization?
What is the only genus that has self-fertilization?
Where are the gonads of hermaphrodites located?
What type of fertilization is most platyctenids?
What do Beroe juveniles lack?
Where do the flat bottom-dwelling platyctenids live?
When do the juveniles attain the adult form?
How do flat bottom-dwelling platyctenids behave?
In what genus do juveniles lack tentacles and tentacle sheaths?
What happens to some species when they are disturbed?
What happens to Bathyctena chuni and Euplokamis stationis when they are disturbed?
What is another term for secretions?
Do juveniles or adults luminesce more brightly?
Are all ctenophores predators?
What do members of Haeckelia prey on?
How do ctenophores prey on jellyfish?
Bolinopsis feeds on what?
What type of ctenophore feeds exclusively on salps?
Why were ctenophores considered "dead ends" in marine food chains?
What type of fish digest ctenophores 20 times as fast as an equal weight of shrimps?
What can provide a good diet if there are enough of them around?
In what body of water do some herbivorous fishes intentionally feed on zooplankton during blooms?
What do jellyfish and turtles eat that may temporarily wipe out ctenophore populations?
What was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov?
How was Mnemiopsis leidyi accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov?
How were Mnemiopsis populations brought under control?
When was the Western Atlantic ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi introduced?
What did the cooling of the local climate do to the animals metabolism?
Why are ctenophores extremely rare as fossils?
What could the Ediacaran Eoandromeda represent?
When were ctenophores first found?
How many putative species were found in the Burgess Shale?
Why were all three putative species found in the Burgess Shale?
How long ago does the fossil Stromatoveris date back?
What is similar to Vendobionta of the preceding Ediacaran period?
What is the name of the early Cambrian sessile frond-like fossil?
What is the preceding Ediacaran period similar to Stromatoveris?
During what period was Vendobionta?
Ctenophores are the sister lineage to what other animals?
What is the earliest-diverging animal phylum?
Which ctenophore has cydippid-like larvae?
What did Richard Harbison conclude about cydippids?
When did the last common ancestor of modern ctenophores survive?
Who concluded that cydippids are not monophyletic?
What is the largest inland city in California?
How far is the city of Fresno from Los Angeles?
What does Fresno mean in Spanish?
What is featured on the city's flag?
What is the county seat of Fresno County?
In what year did the Central Pacific Railroad establish a station near Easterby's?
Why did many Millerton residents move to the new community?
In what year did Fresno become an incorporated city?
How many streetcars did the Fresno Traction Company operate in 1931?
What business grew the town of Fresno?
What percentage of the population in 1940 was Asian?
Which Chinatown was primarily a Japanese neighborhood?
What was the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center?
What was the Pinedale Assembly Center?
What was the Fresno Fairgrounds used for?
What was the name of the first successful credit card?
What was the name of the first successful credit card?
What did BankAmericard allow cardholders to do?
In what year was BankAmericard renamed?
What company did BankAmericard spin off into?
Who wrote the song "Walking Into Fresno"?
Who recorded the song "Walking Into Fresno"?
Where did Bill Aken grow up?
Where did Bill Aken first appear on TV?
Who adopted Bill Aken?
How many large parks does Fresno have?
What park is home to the Fresno Chaffee Zoo?
What park is home to the largest Civil War Revisited?
What Japanese garden is in Woodward Park?
What park is home to the largest Civil War Revisited?
When did Downtown Fresno thrive?
What were some of the original buildings in Downtown Fresno?
What is the current name of the Grand 1401?
What hotel was burned down in the 1880s?
When was Fulton Street converted into one of the nation's first pedestrian malls?
What is the name of the area that contains the densest collection of historic buildings in Fresno?
What is the only piece in the world that one can walk up to and touch?
Where will the public art pieces be placed?
What will the public art pieces be replaced with?
On what side of the city is Sunnyside?
What are the two major thoroughfares in Sunnyside?
When was Sunnyside developed?
Which neighborhood is on the southeast side of Fresno?
Who designed the Sunnyside Country Club?
What historic landmark is in the Tower District?
When was the Tower Theatre built?
What is the name of the historic Tower Theater?
What was the original name of the University at Fresno?
How far is the Tower District from Fresno City College?
When did the Tower Theatre reopen?
What type of movies did the Tower Theatre show in the 1970s?
When did Roger Rocka's Dinner Theater & Good Company Players open?
Where is Audra McDonald from?
What roles did Audra McDonald play at the Tower Theatre?
Along with restaurants and nightclubs, what type of theater is present in the neighborhood?
How close are the restaurants, live theater and nightclubs in the neighborhood?
What area is known as the center of Fresno's local punk/goth/deathrock and heavy metal community?
What area is known as the center of Fresno's local punk/goth/deathrock and heavy metal community?
What area is known as the center of Fresno's local punk/goth/deathrock and heavy metal community?
What type of homes is the area known for?
What type of houses were designed by Hilliard, Taylor & Wheeler?
How does the Tower District compare with the newer areas of tract homes?
When have many of the early twentieth century homes been restored?
Which street provided streetcar connections between downtown and the County Hospital?
Who mapped the Alta Vista Tract?
In what year did developers acquire the Alta Vista Tract?
How many homes did the Alta Vista Tract have in 1914?
Which company developed the right-of-way along Huntington Boulevard?
What is another name for the West Side of Fresno?
Which direction is the 99 freeway from Downtown Fresno?
What community is Southwest Fresno considered to be the center of?
What are the two major Asian-American populations in Southwest Fresno?
What is another name for Southwest Fresno?
Who is Kearney Boulevard named after?
What is Kearney Boulevard lined with?
What is the roughly half mile stretch of Kearney Boulevard between?
What neighborhood was given the name by the Fresno City Council in an effort to revitalize the neighborhood?
What neighborhood was known as the "Dogg Pound"?
When were public housing developments built in the neighborhood?
On which streets has a shopping center been built in the neighborhood?
Which two farms have large processing facilities in the neighborhood?
Where is the Fresno Chandler Executive Airport located?
How much retail activity does the neighborhood have?
Who founded Woodward Park?
How large is Woodward Park?
How many people can attend Woodward Park?
How long is the Lewis S. Eaton trail?
When is Woodward Park open?
When was Sierra Sky Park Airport founded?
Who created the nation's first planned aviation community?
What was the first aviation community to be built?
What type of vehicles share certain roads?
Are there more communities like Sierra Sky Park?
What type of summers does Fresno have?
What is the hottest month in Fresno?
What is the average annual precipitation in Fresno?
Where do most of the wind rose occurrences originate from?
When are the most northerly winds in Fresno?
What is the official high temperature in Fresno?
When was the record low temperature in Fresno?
In what year did Fresno get the most rainfall in 24 hours?
How much snow did the airport get on January 21, 1962?
How much rain did Fresno get in 24 hours?
What was the population of Fresno in 2010?
What percentage of the population in 2010 was White?
How many Native Americans live in Fresno?
What percentage of the population in 2010 was Non-Hispanic Whites?
What is the population density per square mile?
How many households had children under the age of 18 living in them?
What percentage of households had a female householder with no husband present?
How many same-sex married couples were there?
What is the average family size in Atlantic City?
What is the average household size?
How many people lived in Atlantic City in 2000?
How many housing units were in Atlantic City in 2000?
What percentage of Atlantic City's population is Black or African American?
How much of the population of Atlantic City is Hmong?
What is the population density of Atlantic City?
Why did the Federal Communications Commission decide that Fresno would only have UHF television stations?
What was the first television station in Fresno?
When did KMJ-TV begin broadcasting?
What is KMJ-TV now known as?
What is the CBS affiliate in Fresno?
What is the main north/south freeway that connects the major population centers of the California Central Valley?
Which freeway heads east to the city of Clovis?
Which freeway enters Fresno from Atascadero in the south?
Which direction does State Route 180 come from Mendota?
What is the largest US city not directly linked to an interstate highway?
When was the Interstate Highway System created?
What is the current State Route in Fresno?
What is one of the reasons for the need to upgrade State Route 99?
Who provides passenger rail service in Fresno?
Where is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot located?
Which two major railroads cross in Fresno?
Which railroad operates former Southern Pacific branch lines?
In what city is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot located?
What did Paul Baran develop in the late 1950s?
What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
What did the concept of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching do?
What was the impact of Davies' work?
What did Paul Baran develop in the late 1950s?
What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
What was the impact of Davies' work?
What pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session?
What is circuit switching characterized by in cases of billable services?
How is packet switching characterized?
What pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session?
What is circuit switching?
How is circuit switching characterized in cases of billable services?
How is packet switching characterized?
How canacket mode communication be implemented?
How are packets normally forwarded?
What happens when a shared physical medium is used?
How canacket mode communication be implemented?
How are packets normally forwarded?
What happens when a shared physical medium is used?
What did Baran develop during his research?
What was the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching developed into?
What were the three main ideas of report P-2626?
What is one of the main ideas of the report?
What did report P-2626 describe?
How were messages delivered?
What concept did Baran develop?
What were the three main ideas of report P-2626?
What did Donald Davies do in 1965?
What did Donald Davies call his message routing methodology?
What did Donald Davies do with the name packet switching?
What was Roberts' proposal used for?
Who developed the same message routing methodology as Baran?
What did Donald Davies call his message routing methodology?
What did Roberts do with the proposal?
What is a connectionless mode?
How are packets routed in connectionless mode?
How is each packet labeled in connectionless mode?
What happens at the destination?
What is different for different packets?
What does routing a packet require?
What do the packets include?
What does connection-oriented transmission require?
What does Frame relay provide?
What type of handshake does Frame relay provide?
What type of handshake does Frame relay provide?
What type of handshake does Frame relay provide?
ARPANET and SITA HLN became operational in what year?
What were the main differences in X.25?
What is the User Datagram Protocol?
What is an example of a datagram protocol?
What was AppleTalk?
What features did AppleTalk include?
What did AppleTalk do?
What type of system was AppleTalk?
What was the first network to make hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data?
What was the purpose of the CLIADES network?
What was the first network to make hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data?
What did the use of the CLIADES network influence?
What is DECnet?
What was DECnet originally released for?
How did DECnet evolve?
What was DECnet Phase II?
What was the purpose of Warner Sinback's network?
What was Warner Sinback's computer time-sharing service?
What was Sinback's job?
What did Sinback decide?
Why was the Michigan Educational Research Information Triad formed?
What was first demonstrated in December 1971?
What did Merit Network add to the network?
What was Telenet?
Who founded Telenet?
What was the goal of Telenet?
What did Telenet change?
When did Telenet go public?
What was Tymnet?
What was the purpose of Tymnet?
How were users connected to Tymnet?
What did Tymnet allow?
How were private networks connected to Tymnet?
What were the two kinds of X.25 networks?
Who developed DATAPAC?
What did DATAPAC allow for?
What was AUSTPAC?
What was the purpose of AUSTPAC?
How can you access AUSTPAC?
What was the original name of the network?
What was the difference between the two names?
What did the name of the network also refer to?
Why was this a problem?
What does CSNET stand for?
What was the purpose of the CSNET?
What did the CSNET play a significant role in?
What is Internet2?
Who built the first Internet2 Network?
What was the name of the first Internet2 network?
What did Internet2 announce in 2006?
What happened to the Abilene network in October, 2007?
What does NSFNET stand for?
What was the purpose of the National Science Foundation Network?
What happened to the network when it was created?
What does vBNS stand for?
What was the purpose of the Very High-speed Backbone Network Service?
What was the vBNS?
How much did the vBNS connect by 1998?
What did the vBNS do in 1999
Where did the Black Death originate?
What type of ships were regular passengers of the Black Death?
How much of Europe was killed by the Black Death?
When did the world population recover to pre-plague levels?
How long did the Black Death last in Europe?
What is enzootic?
What are the dates of the Nestorian graves near Lake Issyk Kul?
What country could the 13th century Mongol conquest have caused a decline in farming and trading?
In what year did famine begin in China?
How many Chinese and other Asians died from the plague?
Who first brought the plague to Europe?
Who led the Mongol army during the siege of Kaffa?
What did the Mongol army catapult over the walls of Kaffa to spread the Plague?
Along with Kaffa, where did the Genoese traders take the plague?
What conditions are believed to have contributed to the severity of the Black Death?
Where did the plague spread from Italy?
Where did the plague spread to in 1351?
Where was the plague less common?
Along with Italy, where did the spread of the Plague begin?
When was the plague first introduced in Norway?
What did the spread of the Plague cause?
When did the plague reach Alexandria?
How did the plague reach Alexandria?
How did Antioch respond to the spread of the Plague?
Who claimed that the Latin name atra mors first appeared in modern times?
What Latin name did Gasquet use for the 14th century epidemic?
Who wrote "Vulgo & ab effectu atram mortem vocatibant"?
When was the medieval epidemic first called the Black Death?
Along with Germany, where did the name atra mors spread?
What did the medical faculty blame for the plague?
Who gave the most authoritative account of the plague?
What is the most widely accepted theory of the plague?
What is the theory that the plague was caused by bad air called?
What is the dominant explanation for the Black Death?
Where did the scientists who investigated the 19th century plague visit?
Who was one of the scientists who visited Hong Kong in 1894?
What did Simond establish in 1898?
What was the bubonic plague mechanism dependent on?
Who wrote about the Great Pestilence in 1893?
What did Gasquet believe the Great Pestilence to be?
In what year was the second edition of Gasquet's work published?
What animals did Gasquet implicate in the second edition of his work?
What was the Justinian Plague?
What is the mortality rate of the modern bubonic plague?
What is the temperature range of the modern bubonic plague?
What percentage of people who contract the bubonic plague die within eight days?
What is the mortality rate of pneumonic plague?
What are symptoms of the Septicemic plague?
When did PLoS Pathogens publish a paper about Yersinia pestis?
What did PLoS Pathogens publish in October 2010?
What techniques were used to determine the presence of DNA/RNA?
How did researchers determine the presence of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death?
What did the new research conclude?
What are the two previously unknown clades of the Y. pestis genome?
What are the two previously unknown clades of the Y. pestis genome associated with medieval mass graves?
What does the sequencing of the two previously unknown clades of the Y. pestis genome suggest?
When did the first variant of the Y. pestis genome enter Europe?
When did the first Y. pestis strain reach England?
The Haensch study has since been what?
In what burial site was DNA evidence derived from Black Death victims?
What did Schuenemann conclude about the Black Death in medieval Europe?
When was the Nature study published?
Who challenged the plague theory in 1970?
What was Shrewsbury's main concern?
What did Shrewsbury conclude about contemporary accounts of the plague?
What did Graham Twigg produce in 1984?
Who challenged the Black Death theory in 2002?
What is important as an identification of symptoms?
What are researchers hampered by?
What was the overall population at the start of the Plague?
From whom are the estimated victims of the plague usually extrapolated?
When was the last census done on the spread of the plague?
What do sceptics of the bubonic plague theory argue about?
What was the significance of the fleas in goods transference?
What is one reason for the lack of accounts of the death of rats before the Black Death?
How fast did the Black Death spread?
How long does the Black Death last?
What did Twigg suggest was the cause of the Y. pestis outbreak?
What did Cantor think the cause of the Y. pestis was?
What other diseases can be attributed to the bubonic plague?
What is another term for septicemic?
How many bodies were exhumed in 2014?
What is the most widely accepted death rate for the Middle East during this time?
How many people died during the Black Death?
What did recent discoveries suggest about the burial pits in Central London?
What percentage of the population died during the Black Death?
What areas were less susceptible to contagion?
When did the plague repeatedly haunt Europe and the Mediterranean?
How many times was the plague present in Europe between 1346 and 1671?
How many people were lost to the Plague in France between 1628-31?
What was the preincident population in England in 1300?
When did the Black Death end?
What was the estimated population of England at the time of the 1471 outbreak?
In what year did the Great Plague of London end?
How many people died in Paris in 1466?
The Black Death continued on into what country?
What was the name of the Late Plague of 1629-1631?
When was the last plague outbreak in Norway?
How many times did the Venetian Plague occur?
How many people died in the first half of the 17th century?
How many Naples inhabitants were killed by the plague in 1656?
What did the plague of 1649 do to Seville?
What was the name of the war that followed the Great Northern War?
When was Europe's last major epidemic?
When did the Black Death begin?
How many inhabitants did Algiers lose to the Black Death in 1620-21?
How long did the Plague remain a major event in Ottoman society?
How much of Baghdad's population has been wiped out by the Plague?
Where does a rock crystallize?
What type of rock can a sedimentary rock be turned into?
What is formed when an igneous rock is re-melted?
What are the three major types of rock?
What causes a rock to be turned into a metamorphic rock?
What was the most important discovery of the 1960s?
What parts of the Earth's lithosphere are part of the asthenosphere?
What is the plastically deforming, solid upper mantle called?
The oceanic lithosphere is the rigid upper thermal boundary layer of what mantle?
When was seafloor spreading discovered?
What are mid-ocean ridges called?
What is the term for areas where one plate subducts under another?
What caused earthquakes in the San Andreas fault system?
Who's theory of continental drift was based on plate tectonics?
What does the lithosphere move over?
What can seismologists use in reverse to image the interior of the Earth?
Along with the lithosphere, what is on top of the layered model of the Earth?
What is below the crust and lithosphere on the layered model of the Earth?
What have seismologists been able to create detailed images of inside the earth?
What is below the layered model of the Earth?
What shows the most recent eon?
The Pleistocene (P) epoch stands for what period?
Which epoch is too small to be shown clearly on the third timeline?
What does the Pleistocene (P) stand for?
What is concerned with the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut?
If a fault penetrates some formations but not others, what must the fault be?
What can help determine if a fault is a normal fault or a thrust fault?
If a fault penetrates some formations but not others, are the formations cut older or younger than the fault?
What type of rocks are older than the rock that contains them?
What are xenoliths picked up as?
Along with inclusions, what else must be found in sedimentary rocks?
What states that sedimentary rocks must be older than the formation that contains them?
What type of rock is often ripped up and added to newer layers?
What is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks?
Whose principles of succession were developed independently of evolutionary thought?
Is the principle of faunal succession complex or simple?
Fossils in sedimentary rocks provide a relative age of what?
Whose theory of evolution was based on the principles of succession?
When did important advancement in geological science occur?
What tool allowed geologists to date sections of rock relative to one another?
With isotopic dates it became possible to assign what to rock units?
Before radioactive isotopes, geologists could only use fossils and stratigraphic correlation to date sections of rock relative to what?
What could the absolute dates be applied to?
What can be used to determine temperature profiles within the crust, uplift of mountain ranges and paleotopography?
What is the point at which different radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice?
What is measured in minerals that give the amount of time that has passed since a rock passed through its particular closure temperature?
What can provide absolute age data for sedimentary rock units that do not contain radioactive isotopes?
Under what compression do rock units shorten and become thicker?
Where do thrust faults form?
What is the term given to folds where the rock buckles upwards?
What are folds called when the rock buckles downwards?
If the tops of rock units are pointed upwards, what are they called?
What causes the rock units as a whole to become longer and thinner?
Rocks that are stretched are called what?
Where can the Grand Canyon be seen over a length of less than a meter?
What are rocks at the Grand Canyon that are ductilely stretched called?
What causes the Grand Canyon's rock units to become thinner?
What are long, planar igneous intrusions that form along cracks?
Where do dikes form?
Faulting and deformational processes result in what?
What maintains the topographic gradient in spite of movement of sediment?
What is often associated with volcanism and igneous activity?
What does the Hawaiian Islands consist of?
What is the oldest known rock in the world that has been metamorphosed?
What type of rocks have remained in place since Cambrian time?
Since when have the stacks of sedimentary rocks in the Grand Canyon remained in place?
Where is the Acasta gneiss located?
What is petrology?
What is stratigraphy?
What is structural geology?
Along with rivers and landscapes, what type of soil do geologists study?
What do petrologists do in the field?
What are the properties of the minerals studied with a conoscopic lens?
Stable and radioactive isotope studies provide insight into what?
Where do petrologists identify rock samples?
What microscope is used in optical mineralogy analysis?
Along with fluid inclusion data, what type of experiments can scientists use to study mineral phases?
What type of experiments can scientists use to understand the temperatures and pressures at which different mineral phases appear?
Along with igneous and magma chamber evolution, what type of geologic processes do scientists study?
Who uses microscopic analysis of thin sections of geologic samples to observe the fabric within the rocks?
What do structural geologists use to observe the fabric within the rocks?
How do structural geologists study geological structures?
What types of experiments do structural geologists perform?
What are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plates called?
What are the most well known experiments in structural geology?
What is pulled along a lower surface into a back stop?
What is a critically tapered orogenic wedge?
What models show the relationship between erosion and the shape of the mountain range?
Who uses computer programs to analyze data from geophysical surveys?
What kind of surveys show the locations of stratigraphic units in subsurface?
Geophysical data and what else can be combined to produce a better view of the subsurface?
What do stratigraphers use to analyze geophysical data and well logs?
What types of extraction can geologic data be used to locate?
Why do geochronologists date rocks within the stratigraphic section?
Who looks for magnetic reversals in igneous rock units within drill cores?
Who looks for magnetic reversals in igneous rock units?
Who precisely dates rocks within the stratigraphic section to provide better absolute bounds on timing and rates of deposition?
Where can geology be traced to after the Muslim conquests?
Who was one of the earliest Persian geologists?
Which Chinese polymath theorized that land was formed by erosion and deposition of silt?
Which Persian geologist proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains?
What was Shen Kuo's geological study based on?
Who is often viewed as the first modern geologist?
What paper did James Hutton present in 1785?
When did Hutton publish a two-volume version of his theory of the Earth?
What did Hutton state in his paper?
Who created the first geological map of the US?
When was the first geological map of the US produced?
When did Maclure begin his geological survey of the US?
What was the name of Maclure's memoir?
Who did Maclure submit his findings to?
What was the name of Lyell's book?
What doctrine did Principles of Geology promote?
What doctrine did Principles of Geology promote?
What is the theory that Earth's features formed in single catastrophic events and remained unchanged thereafter?
Who was the author of Principles of Geology?
How far is Newcastle from Edinburgh?
How far is Newcastle from the North Sea?
What network of European cities does Newcastle belong to?
What county was Newcastle part of until 1400?
What is the regional nickname for people from Newcastle?
Who was William the Conqueror's eldest son?
What trade did Newcastle grow as an important center for in the 14th century?
What type of mining did Newcastle become a major center for?
When did Newcastle's port develop?
What is the world's most popular half marathon?
What was the first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle?
What river did Pons Aelius cross?
What is the estimated population of Pons Aelius?
What wall is still visible in parts of Newcastle?
What tribes did Hadrian's Wall prevent from invading?
What was Newcastle considered to be in the Middle Ages?
Who granted Newcastle a charter in 1589?
How high was the wall built around Newcastle in the 13th century?
What king was imprisoned in Newcastle in 1174?
How many times did Newcastle defend against the Scots in the 14th century?
What product was banned from being shipped from Tyneside to Newcastle Quayside?
What was the name of the cartel of Newcastle burgesses?
What does the phrase "taking coals to Newcastle" mean?
What was Timothy Dexter's nickname?
What were the merchants trying to do with Timothy Dexter's coal shipment?
Along with keelmen, who lived in the Sandgate area?
What were keels?
How many people died of plague in the 1630's?
What percentage of the population of Newcastle died from the plague in 1636?
What type of loss did the Plague cause to Newcastle?
Who did the North declare for during the English Civil War?
Who captured the town of Newburn?
What did the Scots attack Newcastle with?
What did the motto "Fortiter Defendit Triumphans" mean?
Who was imprisoned in Newcastle by the Scots in 1646-7?
What did the Industrial Revolution cause in the city?
What was the largest pottery company in the world in 1817?
What type of lighting was used in Newcastle in 1879?
In the 19th century, shipbuilding and heavy engineering were central to what?
What invention led to the invention of cheap electricity?
What is the street layout in large parts of Newcastle?
What is another name for 'chares'?
What remains in places from the riverside to higher parts of the city centre?
What type of buildings are present in Close, Sandhill and Quayside?
What is the House of Tides?
What is the neoclassical centre of Newcastle called?
What did Broadcaster and writer Stuart Maconie describe Newcastle as?
What street was voted England's finest street in 2005?
When was Grainger Town demolished?
What is Eldon Square?
What is the name of the green space in Newcastle?
What do the freemen of Newcastle have the right to do on the Town Moor?
What is the largest travelling funfair in Europe?
When is the Hoppings funfair held?
Who has the right to graze cattle on the Town Moor?
What has replaced shipping premises with imposing new office developments?
Who commissioned the Gateshead Millennium Bridge?
Who designed the Sage Gateshead music center?
What is the purpose of linking Newcastle and Gateshead?
How many days did the Bambuco Bridge last for?
What is the historic heart of Newcastle?
When was Grainger Town established?
How high are the buildings in Grainger Town?
How many buildings are listed in Grainger Town?
What was the name of the earlier market built in 1808?
When was the Grainger Market opened?
How many guests attended the grand dinner held at the Grainger Market?
What does the Laing Art Gallery have in the Grainger Market?
Who listed the Grainger Market as grade I in 1954?
What is the climate of Newcastle?
What type of change in the Gulf Stream affects the climate in Newcastle?
What type of weather does Newcastle get?
When did temperatures reach -12.6 degrees Celsius in Newcastle?
Along with Scandinavia, what area does Newcastle share similar climates to?
In what year did Debenhams open in Eldon Square Shopping Centre?
What is the largest shopping area in the UK?
What is the name of the world's first department store?
How did Bainbridge's sell his goods?
In what year was the Green Market demolished?
Grainger Street is an example of what type of destination in Newcastle?
What type of shopping area is Gosforth?
What is the largest store in the UK?
What is the name of the largest indoor shopping center in Europe?
Where is the MetroCentre located?
What was the dominant housing form constructed at the time when industrial centres on Tyneside were growing most rapidly?
What were Tyneside flats built as?
A new development in what valley recreated the Tyneside flat?
What profession are Cany Ash and Robert Sakula?
What were architects Cany Ash and Robert Sakula attracted to?
What was the proportion of detached homes in the 2010 Census?
What was the proportion of converted or shared houses in 2011?
Harrogate, Cheltenham, Bath, inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells are examples of what type of markets?
The authority is one of few what to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census?
What is an example of an overinflated market?
In what year did the UK Government return census information?
What type of borough is North Tyneside?
What type of student population does Newcastle have?
What type of institutions are located in Newcastle?
Jesmond and Heaton are areas with what type of population?
What is the average age of people living in Newcastle?
Many people in Newcastle have Scottish or Irish what?
Armstrong, Charlton, Elliot, Johnstone, Kerr, Hall, Nixon, Little and Robson all have what name?
Approximately how many Bolivians live in Newcastle?
What percentage of Newcastle's population are Bolivians?
What is the name of the dialect of Newcastle?
The Geordie dialect has much of its origins in the language spoken by whom?
How much of the Geordie dialect does it retain?
Along with "deed," "hoos" and "strang," what is an example of a Geordie word that was pronounced in Anglo-Saxon?
What does the English word "burn" mean?
Where do the words "bairn" and "hyem" originate?
Where are some words in the Geordie dialect found?
What language does the word "bonny" appear to be used in?
How many words appear to be used exclusively in Newcastle?
What language does the word "gooien" come from?
What was published in early February 2007?
What adjective did Widex use to describe Newcastle?
What was the average decibel level of the city?
What was the long term impact of the noise levels in Newcastle?
What did the Ear Institute say was too much weight to the readings?
What is another popular area for nightlife in Newcastle?
What type of complex is The Gate?
How many screens does the Empire multiplex cinema have?
What is Newcastle's gay scene called?
What types of establishments are present in The Pink Triangle?
The city has a proud history of what?
Who managed the original Theatre Royal, Newcastle?
What did Stephen Kemble guide the theatre through?
In what year did the original Theatre Royal open?
What street was the Theatre Royal demolished to make way for?
The city still contains many of what?
What is the largest theatre in Newcastle?
The Theatre Royal has hosted a season of performances from what company for 25 years?
What type of talent does The Mill Volvo Tyne Theatre feature?
What was NewcastleGateshead voted to be in 2006?
What is the largest independent library outside London?
How many CDs does the library have?
Who designed the Lit and Phil library?
What was the first public building to be lit by electric light?
Who was the author of the lecture that lit the Lit and Phil lecture theatre?
What beer festival takes place in April?
When is the Evolution Festival held?
How often does AV Festival take place?
What is the name of the food and drink festival held in Newcastle?
How many weeks does EAT! NewcastleGateshead run for each year?
What is the largest travelling fair in Europe?
When does The Hoppings take place?
What movement is The Hoppings associated with?
What is the Northern Rock Cyclone?
What festival is held in Leazes Park in mid July?
What festival is held on the late August bank holiday weekend?
Where will the 2009 International Arts Fair take place?
What is the name of the annual art fair held in October?
What ethnicity is the SAMA Festival?
Where is the International Arts Fair held?
What genre of music is Lindisfarne?
When was Lindisfarne's most famous song released?
What band is considered to be the originator of black metal?
What was the name of the first folk metal band to form in Newcastle?
What band did Andy Taylor play for?
When was the Pilgrim Street building refurbished?
Where did the Tyneside Cinema move to after it was refurbished?
How many cinemas does the site currently house?
What is the name of the last surviving news cinema in the UK?
What type of extension was added to the Tyneside Cinema in 2008?
What is the name of the Science Village in Newcastle?
What is the Discovery Museum dedicated to?
What type of heritage is featured in the Discovery Museum?
In what year did the Newcastle on Tyne Museum of Antiquities merge?
What is the name of the museum dedicated to children's books in Newcastle?
What is the earliest known movie featuring exterior scenes filmed in Newcastle?
What 1971 film was filmed in and around Newcastle?
What type of film was Stormy Monday?
Who directed Stormy Monday?
Along with Melanie Griffith and Tommy Lee Jones, who starred in Stormy Monday?
Where is the horse racing course in Newcastle?
What is the name of the basketball team based in Newcastle?
What is the name of the city's speedway team?
Where are the Newcastle Diamonds based?
What is the name of the 5.9-mile road race from Newcastle to Blaydon?
How far is Newcastle International Airport from the city centre?
What system connects Newcastle International Airport to the city?
How long does it take to travel from Newcastle International Airport to the city centre?
How many passengers does Newcastle International Airport handle per year?
As of 2007, how many destinations were available worldwide from Newcastle International Airport?
What was added to the historic entrance in 2014?
How many Grade One listed railway stations are in the UK?
Who was the first covered railway station in the world?
Who did Dobson collaborate with to design the station facade?
What is the name of the other mainline railway station in Southampton?
How long does Virgin Trains East Coast service to London King's Cross?
What is the journey time for Virgin Trains East Coast trains to London King's Cross?
Where do all Virgin Trains East Coast trains call?
Which type of trains serve destinations in Yorkshire, the Midlands and the South West?
Which company provides local and regional services?
What is the name of the rail system that runs through Newcastle?
How many phases did the Tyne and Wear Metro have?
What type of tunnels did the Metro use?
What was built between Newcastle and Gateshead in 1981?
How many passengers does the Metro carry each year?
What is the name of the modernization of the Metro system?
What type of ticket gates are being installed at the busiest stations?
What parts of the Metro system are being overhauled?
What is the long term plan for the Metro system?
What type of transportation would some of the proposed routes use instead of light rail?
What is the name of the major road in the area?
What is the name of the A68 that heads past Newcastle Airport?
What is the name of the A167?
What was renumbered between the A1 and the A696?
What was increased in November 2011?
How many main bus companies provide services in the city?
How many major bus stations are in the city?
Who is the primary operator in the city proper?
Who coordinates bus services in Newcastle upon Tyne?
Which bus company operates from Eldon Square Bus Station?
When did Newcastle first develop its cycling strategy?
What is one of the council social aims and objectives for cycling?
What type of living does cycling promote?
How many streets does the authority plan to implement contraflows on?
What networks does the authority link the local networks to?
What company runs a service from Newcastle International Ferry Terminal to IJmuiden?
When did the DFDS ferry service to Gothenburg, Sweden cease?
Why did DFDS discontinue service to Gothenburg in 2006?
When did DFDS Seaways terminate service to Bergen and Stavanger?
What cruise line uses Newcastle as a departure port for its Norwegian and Fjords cruise?
How many LEA funded schools are in Newcastle?
How many independent schools are in Newcastle?
What is the largest co-ed independent school in Newcastle?
What is the largest general further education college in the North East?
What type of school is St. Mary's?
How many universities does Newcastle have?
What is one of the UK's leading international universities?
What award did Newcastle University win in 2000?
What did the University of Northumbria at Newcastle become part of the UK-wide process?
What university won the prestigious Sunday Times University of the Year award in 2000?
How many cathedrals does Newcastle have?
What year was the Anglican St. Nicholas built?
What type of cathedral is St. Nicholas?
What church is the only parish church in the Church of England without a parish?
What did the three cathedrals in the Anglican St. Nicholas and Coptic Cathedral begin their lives as?
What is the oldest church in the town?
When was the main porch added to the Parish Church of St Andrew?
What was the last addition to the Parish Church of St Andrew?
What surrounds the Parish Church of St Andrew?
What part of the church received a battering during the Siege of Newcastle?
Where was ITV Tyne Tees based?
Where did ITV Tyne Tees move to in 2005?
What gave its name to the 1980s music television programme, The Tube?
Why is Spital Tongues known as the Pink Palace?
What is the name of the local radio station that broadcasts Look North?
What was the name of the first community radio station in the area?
What radio station is run by students from both of the city's universities?
How long has Radio Tyneside been the hospital radio service?
What station is based at the Great North Children's Hospital?
Where does NE1fm broadcast from?
When did Avison die?
What position did Basil Hume hold?
What was the name of Lord Armstrong's son?
What light bulb did Sir Charles Parsons invent?
What country was Abhisit Vejjajiva a Prime Minister of?
Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch were both former pupils of what school?
What kind of football players were Michael Carrick and Alan Shearer?
Peter Higgs won what prize?
What is the most characteristic musical instrument in the region?
Where did musician Neil Tennant live?
Where is the Victoria and Albert Museum located?
How large is the Victoria and Albert Museum?
When was the Victoria and Albert Museum founded?
What is the Victoria and Albert Museum named after?
In what district is the Victoria and Albert Museum located?
When was the Victoria and Albert Museum founded?
Who is the Victoria and Albert Museum named after?
Who sponsors the Victoria and Albert Museum?
Since what year has entrance to the Victoria and Albert Museum been free?
How many acres is the V&A?
How many galleries does the V&A have?
How many years of art does the V&A have?
The V&A's collection spans 5,000 years of art from what continents?
The V&A has the world's largest collection of what type of sculpture?
The V&A has its origins in what?
Who was the first director of the V&A?
What was the V&A originally called?
Where was the Museum of Manufactures moved to in September 1852?
Who designed the South Kensington Museum?
Who opened the museum on 22 June 1857?
When was the official opening by Queen Victoria?
Who was the first Keeper of Fine Art Collection?
What was made possible by the use of gas lighting?
When did the Royal College of Art achieve full independence?
When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held?
How many people attended the Britain Can Make It exhibition?
What did the success of the Britain Can Make It exhibition lead to?
What did the success of the Britain Can Make It exhibition lead to?
By what year had most of the collections been returned to the museum?
What was the V&A the first museum in Britain to present?
What band performed at the V&A in 1973?
Who was the director of the V&A in 1973?
Gryphon explored the lineage of what type of music?
What university is the V&A in discussion with?
What was the estimated cost of the V&A Dundee in 2015?
Where will V&A Dundee be located?
What is the focus of the V&A Dundee?
When is the V&A planned to open?
Who occupied the land previously occupied by the Museum of Childhood?
What was the first building to be erected that still forms part of the museum?
Who was the architect of the Sheepshanks Gallery?
What is located on the northern edge of the site?
What does the Secretariat Wing house?
What galleries were completed in 1863?
What was the style adopted for the north range of museum?
Who designed the north facade of the museum?
Who is pictured on the panels in the north facade of the museum?
Which artist did Godfrey Sykes commission for the North Façade?
Who designed The Green Dining Room from 1866-68?
Who designed the plaster frieze around the decorated ceiling and stained-glass windows in the Green Dining Room?
Who designed The Centre Refreshment Room 1865-77?
Who sculpted the marble fireplace in The Centre Refreshment Room 1865-77?
Who designed the Grill Room 1876-81?
Who was the next Royal Engineers architect to work at the museum?
What is another name for the science schools?
What was the staircase that rises the full height of the building made from?
What does the V&A house?
When did the Sackler Centre for arts education open?
What was used to decorate the east side of the building designed by F.W. Moody?
Who designed the wrought iron gates that lead to a passage through the building?
Where were the "Brompton Boilers" located?
What was the final part of the museum designed by Scott?
Who designed the exterior mosaic panels in the Art Library?
Who designed the main facade of the museum?
What was the main façade of the museum built from?
How long is the main façade of the museum?
The tower above the main entrance has an open work crown surmounted by what?
What feature of the museum is interspersed with statues of British artists?
Who sculpted Queen Victoria?
How many levels of galleries do the facades surround?
Who sculpted Queen Victoria?
What material is used in the entrance hall and flanking staircases?
Who appears above the frame around the arches and entrance?
Where were books stored in 1966 and 1967?
What did the Royal College of Science acquire in 1974?
What was constructed on the site of the former boiler house?
Who designed the iron gates at the Royal College of Art?
What was the intended site of the new entrance building constructed between 1978 and 1982?
What gallery was redesigned in 2002?
What was restored in 2006?
What was the redesign of the British Galleries called?
The tunnel to the subway led to what tube station?
Who designed the new Cafe?
Who redesigned the central garden?
What was the name of the central garden opened on 5 July 2005?
What shape is the water feature in the central garden?
What can the steps around the edge of the garden be used for?
What type of tree is planted in the two corners by the north façade?
In what year did the V&A open its first permanent gallery in the UK?
The V&A opened the first permanent gallery in the UK with models, photographs, elements from buildings and original drawings from which two institutions?
How many drawings are in the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection?
What collection was transferred to the V&A in 2004?
How many photographs are in the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection?
Who has the largest collection of RIBA drawings?
Who is one of the British architects whose drawings are in the RIBA's collection?
How many drawings by Palladio are in the RIBA's collection?
Who is one of the British architects whose drawings are in the RIBA's collection?
Who is one of the British architects whose drawings are in the RIBA's collection?
The two top stories of the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated c1600 from where?
The two top stories of the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated c1600 from Bishopsgate are a rare survivor of what?
When is the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated?
A dormer window dated 1523-35 from the chateau of what European city?
The main architecture gallery has a column from which city?
How many items does the V&A have from the Islamic world?
When did the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art open?
What is the centerpiece of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art?
The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art contains objects from what country?
When was the Salting Bequest?
How many objects are in the Nehru Museum's collection?
How many textiles are in the Nehru Museum's collection?
How many paintings are in the Nehru Museum's collection?
When did the Jawaharlal Nehru Gallery of Indian art open?
Which gallery of Indian art opened in 1991?
How many pieces of art are in the Far Eastern collection?
The T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art has collections from which countries?
What is the name of the gallery that displays the collection of V&As from China?
When did the T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art open?
The majority of art displayed at the T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art date from which dynasties?
What Japanese art gallery opened in 1986?
When did the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art open?
What century is Amida Nyorai's sculpture from?
How long do the majority of the exhibits at the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art date?
What metal is Suzuki Chokichi's incense burner?
How long has Tibetan art been going on?
Along with Thailand, Burma, Cambodia and Indonesia, what country has art in gold, silver, bronze, stone, terracotta, and ivory?
What type of art reflects the influence of India?
What are the boxes in Korean displays made from?
Along with gold, silver, bronze, stone and terracotta, what material is used in art from Thailand, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia and Sri Lanka?
Who wrote note books in the Codex Forster?
What are the three manuscripts in the Codex Forster?
How many books did Alexander Dyce donate to the museum in 1869?
In what year did Alexander Dyce donate 14,000 books to the museum?
In what year did John Forster donate 18,000 books to the museum?
Along with Beatrix Potter, who is a notable writer whose papers are in the library?
Along with Dickens, who is a notable writer whose papers are in the library?
What centuries are the Eadwine Psalter and Missal from?
What is the Armagnac manuscript of?
Who illuminated the 1524 Charter?
What is another name for the National Art Library?
What is the name of the computer system used at the Victoria and Albert Museum?
What does EAD stand for?
Most of the items in the Victoria and Albert Museum collection do not show up in the computer system unless they are what?
What is the name of the search feature on the Victoria and Albert Museum website?
When did a large scale digitization project begin in the Word and Image Department?
What was the name of the large scale digitization project that began in 2007 in the Word and Image Department?
Who was the subject of the Factory Project?
How many images were taken during the first year of the Factory Project?
What is the second step of the Factory Project?
Who purchased the work of European artists?
Aside from the British Isles, from what continent does the art on display at Eaton House come from?
Who is one of the designers and artists whose work is on display in the galleries?
Who was a major influence on the Gothic Revival?
What are some of the imports from Asia?
What led to the production of china and caddies?
What was happening in the Georgian age?
Who led the backlash against industrialization in the 19th century?
What produced entrepreneurs such as Josiah Wedgwood, Matthew Boulton and Eleanor Coade?
What movement did John Ruskin contribute to in the 19th century?
The Cast Courts has a full-scale replica of what?
How was Trajan's Column cut?
The Cast Courts contains a full-size replica of Michelangelo's what?
The Cast Courts contains hundreds of plaster casts of what?
Where is the Verrocchio replica displayed?
When was the Meissen Vulture created?
Who designed the Möllendorff Dinner Service?
When was the Möllendorff Dinner Service designed?
When was the Salting Bequest made?
The Salting Bequest enriched the museum's stock of what type of ceramics?
Who are some of the famous potters in the collection?
Delftware is produced in which two countries?
What are the largest objects in the collection?
When were the stoves in Bernard Palissy's collection made?
Where were the stoves in Bernard Palissy's collection made?
How many years of glass making does the glass collection have?
How many items are in the collection?
Where did the earliest glassware come from?
Who is a notable artist in the Art Deco style?
Which two artists are known for creating Art Nouveau glass?
When was the main gallery redesigned?
Who designed the glass balustrade on the staircase and mezzanine?
When did the gallery covering contemporary glass open?
Who is the chandelier in the British Galleries?
In what century was the Luck of Edenhall made?
How many British artists are in the collection?
How many old master works are in the collection?
Who was Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione?
Who is one of the artists represented in the collection of drawings?
Who is one of the artists represented in the collection of drawings?
How many costumes does the V&A costume collection contain?
Which department holds costume sketches, design notebooks, and other works on paper?
Why is the costume collection the most comprehensive in Britain?
In what year did the V&A receive the Talbot Hughes collection?
Which department store gave the Talbot Hughes collection to the V&A?
When did the Museum acquire the Costiff collection?
Who did the Museum acquire the Costiff collection of in 2002?
How many Vivienne Westwood costumes did the Museum acquire in 2002?
What collection did the Museum acquire in 2002?
The Museum continues to acquire examples of what type of fashion to add to its collection?
The Soulages collection contains what type of objects?
When was the Soulages collection acquired?
The John Jones Collection contains what type of collection?
When was the John Jones Collection left to the museum?
How much was the John Jones Collection valued at in 1882?
When were the inlaid doors from Antwerp City Hall dated?
Who are the inlaid doors in the collection attributed to?
When was the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated?
Where is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated c1750 from?
Along with Le Corbusier and Breuer, who is a modernist in the collection?
How many items does the jewellery collection contain?
The jewellery collection contains works dating from what era?
When was Reverend Chauncy Hare Townshend's collection of 154 gems bequeathed?
How many gems were given to Reverend Chauncy Hare Townshend in 1869?
Who funded the new jewellery gallery opened in 2008?
What types of objects are in the collection?
When was the earliest known piece of English silver with a dated hallmark dated?
How many tonnes of Hereford Screen are in it?
Who designed the Hereford Screen?
How many pieces of silver or gold are in the collection?
What year is the Gloucester Candlestick dated to?
The Gloucester Candlestick is made from what material?
The Becket Casket is believed to contain relics of who?
When was the Becket Casket dated?
What was the Becket Casket made from?
How many names were on the petition that prompted the closure of the Musical Instruments gallery?
Who said that the museum intended to preserve and care for the collection?
What museum has the loan of 35 instruments from the V&A?
How many instruments does the Horniman Museum loan?
In what year did the Musical Instruments gallery close?
How many British oil paintings are in the Sistine Chapel collection?
How many European oil paintings are in the collection?
How many British watercolours are in the collection?
The Raphael Cartoons are on loan from whom?
Who painted the Spanish tempera in Valencia?
When did John Sheepshanks donate 233 paintings?
How many paintings did John Sheepshanks donate in 1857?
What did John Sheepshanks want to do with the paintings he donated to the museum?
What was the name of the 1821 full size oil sketch that was donated to the museum?
What nationality were the artists in the sheepshanks collection?
The majority of the paintings in the Jones bequest are displayed in galleries of what period?
Who was François Boucher's portrait of?
What is one of the French paintings that was part of the Jones bequest of 1882?
Who was the portrait of by François Clouet, Gaspard Dughet?
Who created Animal Locomotion?
When did Eadweard Muybridge create Animal Locomotion?
How many plates are in Eadweard Muybridge's Animal Locomotion?
What do the photographs in Animal Locomotion capture?
Who is one of the society portraits in the museum?
The V&A holds the most comprehensive collection of what type of sculpture in the world?
How many objects are in the collection at the V&A?
The collection at the V&A contains 22,000 pieces that cover what period?
How many uses of sculpture are represented in the V&A collection?
Who owns Canova's The Three Graces?
What are two of Bernini's most famous works?
What is the largest item from Italy?
Who designed the Chancel Chapel?
When was the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence dated?
How many works does Rodin have in the museum collection?
Who has the largest collection of Rodin's work outside of France?
When were Rodin's works given to the museum?
What war did Britain support in 1914?
What statue was purchased in 1902 by public subscription?
Who is one of the sculptors in the collection?
Who is one of the sculptors in the collection?
Who is one of the sculptors in the collection?
Sculptors both British and who else are in the collection?
Which two sculpture galleries opened in 2006?
The Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries extend the chronology of works on display up to what year?
How are the galleries overlooking the garden arranged?
Which two contemporary British sculptors are now on view at Tate Britain?
Which museum has loaned works by Henry Moore and Jacob Epstein?
How many examples of textiles are in the collection?
What continents are included in the collection of textiles?
How long are the textiles in the collection?
What continent is the largest collection of textiles in the world?
How are the textiles in the collection classified?
What is the oldest known European tapestry?
The Devonshire Hunting Tapestries are from what century?
Where were the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries woven?
What do the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries depict?
Where are tapestries from in the collection?
What century is the Sicilian Tristan Quilt from?
Who designed the textiles in the collection?
When was 'The Forest' tapestry created?
Who designed the rugs and fabrics in the art deco period?
Who designed the rug from the art deco period?
What was the former name of the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries?
In what year did the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries open?
The V&A Theatre & Performance galleries hold the UK's biggest national collection of what?
The V&A Theatre & Performance galleries have the largest collection of material about live performance in the UK since whose day?
What are the V&A's collections available for?
What is responsible for the long-term preservation of the collections held by the V&A and the VandA Museum of Childhood?
What two things must be controlled in order to prevent pests from damaging artifacts?
What type of conservation involves cleaning and reintegrating fragile objects?
Besides the V&A, what other museum has collections that Conservation oversees?
What type of conservation does the V&A conservator perform?
Disney Media Networks is a division of what company?
What year was the American Broadcasting Company abbreviated as ABC?
In what city is ABC located?
On what avenues is ABC located?
What division of The Walt Disney Company is ABC a part of?
On what date did ABC launch?
What was ABC originally known as?
In what year did ABC begin expanding into television?
What sports network did ABC buy an interest in in the 1980s?
What company bought ABC in the 1980s?
How many affiliated ABC stations does the network have?
Who owns ABC News?
How many owned and operated ABC stations does the network have?
Who imposes substitution regulations on ABC?
Who owns ABC News?
What company owned NBC Blue and NBC Red?
What were the two radio networks owned by the RCA?
What markets did NBC Red primarily serve?
What type of programming was NBC Blue intended to test?
What was the name of the NBC network?
Who filed a complaint with the FCC in 1934?
In what year did the FCC investigate networks?
In what year did the FCC publish its report on network radio?
What was the principal radio network in the US at the time?
What network was the principal radio network in the US at the time?
Who did RCA give the mandate to sell NBC Blue?
What network did RCA convert into an independent subsidiary?
What investment firm offered $7.5 million to purchase NBC Blue?
Who was the president of RCA at the time?
What was the price offered to purchase NBC Blue?
What company was Edward John Noble the owner of?
On what date did the FCC approve Noble's purchase of RCA?
Who bought the rights to the "American Broadcasting Company" name in 1944?
What position did Woods hold at ABC?
On what date did Woods leave ABC?
What recorder did ABC use to pre-record its programming?
Who conducted symphony performances for the Metropolitan Opera?
What network was known for Gang Busters and Counterspy?
Who was a big star that ABC was able to attract because of the Magnetophon tape recorder?
What was NBC Blue's tradition?
How much did Disney pay for its 33% stake in Eurosport?
What network did ABC discontinue in 2007?
On what date did Disney discontinue ABC1?
What was ABC's attempt to develop after it shut down in 2007?
In what country is ABC broadcast?
In what year was this rerun activity completed?
What replaced the need for ABC to hold interests in other countries?
Which countries did ABC sell most of its international networks in the 1970s?
What did many governments want to strengthen?
What was Leonard Goldenson's first international activity?
Goldenson invested in broadcasting properties in what city in the mid-1960s?
What was the name of Goldenson's domestic network?
What was one reason CBS and NBC couldn't broadcast the coronation of Elizabeth II?
Why were CBS and NBC unable to broadcast the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II?
Which TV show has ABC owned the television rights to since 2000?
Along with the Academy Awards, what award is broadcast on ABC?
In what year did CBS first broadcast Peanuts?
Which Academy Awards does ABC currently hold broadcast rights to?
Along with A Charlie Brown Christmas, what Peanuts special is broadcast on ABC?
In what year did ABC first air Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve?
Who was the successor to Dick Clark on New Year's Eve?
In what year did ABC first broadcast the Miss America pageant?
Where did Clark's countdown take place on New Year's Eve?
What cable channel took over ABC's Miss America broadcast in 2006?
What is the longest-running ABC daytime soap opera?
When did ABC discontinue The Edge of Night?
What was the name of the ABC soap opera that was cancelled in 1975?
Which two daytime talk shows are part of ABC's daytime schedule?
General Hospital has been on ABC since what year?
What weekend event is not broadcast by ESPN?
In what year did ESPN take over ABC's sports division?
What is the time span of ABC's weekend afternoons?
What sport is shown on Sundays on ABC?
What two major tennis tournaments does ABC air during the summer?
Who was ABC's vice-president of engineering in 1947?
What were the frequencies of ABC's VHF channel 7?
In what year did ABC submit five applications for television station licenses?
On what channel did ABC submit its applications for broadcasting licenses?
How many existing television stations were there before the freeze ended in 1952?
How many television stations did Boston have in 1949?
What was the name of ABC's third competitor?
Which networks did ABC have less coverage of in 1949?
Who forced United Paramount Theatres to become an independent entity?
What company did United Paramount Theatres separate from?
How many full-time affiliates did ABC have?
What company was rumored to buy ABC in 1951?
Who loaned Noble $5 million to prevent ABC from going bankrupt?
Who was president of UPT in 1951?
Who was the founder of CBS?
On what date did the board of directors approve the purchase of ABC?
In what year was the Sixth Report and Order issued?
On what date did the FCC approve the purchase of ABC?
What was the merged company called?
In what building was American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc. headquartered?
When did WJZ-TV sign on the air?
When did the FCC institute a freeze on applications for broadcasting licenses?
On what mountain did ABC build a transmitter?
What was the name of ABC's Hollywood studio?
On what date did ABC premiere The Flintstones?
In what decade did ABC begin transitioning to color?
Who created The Flintstones?
In what decade did ABC begin transitioning to color?
In what year did Walt Disney Productions purchase ABC's shares in the Disneyland theme park?
Who did Walt Disney ask to produce color broadcasts for his anthology series?
In what year did ABC and Disney's first television partnership end?
In what year did ABC resume its partnership with Disney?
What did ABC promote in 2000?
Who did ABC hire to design and produce its 2001-02 identity?
What color was used on ABC's 2001-02 logo?
What was the ABC circle logo also called?
Who designed the minimalist graphical identity for ABC?
In what year did ABC stop using its four-note theme tune?
What was the ABC theme tune based on?
Who still uses the old four-note theme tune?
When did the ABC logo first appear on screen?
In what season did the ABC logo first appear on television?
In what year did ABC celebrate its 40th anniversary?
What was the ABC logo slogan in 1983?
In what year was the ABC Circle logo first three dimensional?
On what background did the ABC Circle logo have a bubble?
What color were the letters on the ABC Circle logo?
Who designed the ABC logo in 1962?
What type of typeface is the ABC logo reminiscent of?
Who designed the Bauhaus typeface?
In what season did the ABC logo first appear?
Disney-ABC was rumored to be considering a sale of what radio station?
On what date did ABC announce its split into six divisions?
How many divisions did ABC split into?
In what year did ABC's average viewership decline by ten ratings points?
Along with Desperate Housewives, Lost and Dancing with the Stars, what was a notable new series on ABC during the 2004-2005 season?
Who became president of ABC in 2004?
What sport did ABC and ESPN sign an eight-year broadcast rights agreement with in 2005?
In what year did ABC affiliate members approve a two-year agreement with Disney?
Who was the Disney chairman and CEO in 2002?
What was the name of ABC's first reality show?
What was the name of the ABC spinoff of The Bachelor?
Who removed ABC stations from their systems?
Who was the most-watched network in 2000?
Who was the most-watched network in 2000?
When did Time Warner Cable restore ABC stations?
In what year did TGIF leave ABC?
Where did "TGIF" move to in 2000?
What network bought Step by Step in 2000?
When did ABC premiere Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
Who was the creator of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
Who relaunched Millionaire in September of 2002?
Who was the original host of Millionaire?
On what date did The Walt Disney Company announce its merger with Capital Cities/ABC?
What was the name of Disney's new subsidiary after acquiring Capital Cities/ABC?
Who bought the four newspapers owned by Capital Cities/ABC?
Who became president and CEO of ABC after the merger?
What was the name of the ABC sitcom created by Aaron Sorkin?
When did color become the dominant format for television networks?
What place did ABC finish in the 1965-66 television ratings?
What book did Goldenson write about ABC?
On what date did ABC's New York City flagship stations change their call letters?
Where did ABC's New York City flagship stations move their operations to?
In what city was WJZ previously broadcast?
Who became president of ABC in 1950?
What network did Goldenson propose a merger with?
What would have been the name of the merger between ABC and DuMont?
How much money did DuMont receive as a result of the merger?
What studio was UPT a subsidiary of?
What was one of ABC's flagship productions?
Which of Goldenson's shows held the record for longest-running prime time comedy?
What film was adapted from the 1947 Wyoming Kid?
What was the 1954 film version of The Boy from Oklahoma called?
Which studio did ABC sign an agreement with?
What was the name of the Warner Bros. wheel series?
Who was Walt Disney's brother?
How much did Walt Disney want ABC to invest in the Disneyland project?
In what year did ABC agree to finance Disneyland?
What park did ABC agree to finance in 1954?
Who spearheaded the "LOVE Radio" project?
Who was the president of ABC Radio in 1968?
What was the name of the program that aired on ABC's seven owned and operated FM stations?
How many owned and operated FM stations did ABC air in 1968?
In what year did ABC launch the Movie of the Week?
What film did Steven Spielberg direct?
What year was Steven Spielberg's film Duel released?
What was the average budget of movies produced by the Movie of the Week?
In what decade did ABC transition to color?
Which network transitioned to color in the 1970s?
What type of data did ABC use to determine advertisers?
What NFL game debuted on ABC in 1970?
In what year did Sunday Night Football take over as the NFL's premier game?
What network did MNF move to in 2006?
What was the audience share of Monday Night Football on ABC?
In what year did the FCC pass the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules?
In what year did ABC separate from Worldvision Enterprises?
What was the name of the company that ABC Films split into?
What did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act ban?
On what date did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act take effect?
Who bought ABC Great States in 1974?
Who was named President and Chief Operating Officer of ABC in 1972?
In what year did Eisner join ABC?
What was the name of the series that Eisner helped develop?
What was Eisner's main credit at ABC?
What company did Eisner later become president of?
Who was the president of ABC Entertainment in 1975?
Who was the first president and director of programming of ABC Entertainment?
What detective series did ABC premiere in 1974?
When did ABC's new national morning show debut?
What was Silverman's job title after leaving ABC?
What was the name of the spin-off series that aired on Happy Days?
What was the name of the trend that featured attractive, buxom women in main and guest roles?
Who wrote the book Roots was based on?
Who produced The Love Boat?
How long did The Love Boat last?
In what season did Roots, Happy Days and The Love Boat air?
What was the name of the first show to feature an openly gay main character?
Who was president of ABC News in 1977?
Before becoming president of ABC News, what was Arledge president of?
What was the name of the new ABC News building in New York City?
In what month and year was 7 Lincoln Square completed?
When was 20/20 created?
Who was the first anchor of 20/20?
Who was Hugh Downs later paired with on 20/20?
Who bought ABC's recording division in 1979?
What was the name of ABC's 24 hour news channel?
What 24 hour news channel did ABC launch in 2004?
What was the name of ABC's Flint, Michigan affiliate?
What was the former name of WJRT-TV?
What union's strike affected ABC in 2007-08?
What game show did ABC renew in 2008?
Disney denied rumors that it would be selling stations owned by what company?
What was the name of the division that Disney-ABC Television Group merged into?
What was the name of the division created by the merger of ABC Entertainment and ABC Studios?
What did ABC Radio change its name to in April 2009?
On what website were individual episodes of ABC and Disney Channel available for purchase?
In what year did ABC begin experiencing problems with its ratings?
When did Lost debut?
What day of the week was Ugly Betty moved to?
What day of the week was Ugly Betty moved to?
In what year did the FCC impose fin-syn rules?
Which company did ABC create as a syndication distributor?
What was the name of the production company created by ABC?
What company did Worldvision sell its catalog to in 1990?
What does Buena Vista International Television stand for?
What was Disney-ABC Domestic Television previously known as?
What was Disney-ABC International Television previously known as?
Along with the Cinerama Productions/Palomar theatrical library, what library is a part of ABC's library?
Which two ABC stations were the first to carry the network's programming?
How many owned-and-operated stations does ABC have?
As of March 2015, how many affiliates does ABC have?
What is the national reach of ABC?
In what year was the first ABC logo introduced?
What was the ABC logo based on?
In what year did ABC begin its first color broadcasts?
When was Supernanny cancelled?
What was the only remaining ABC program broadcast in 4:3 standard definition?
In what format is SNL's Weekend Aventure broadcast?
What program was the first children's program block on any network to feature programs in HD?
What is the native resolution of ABC's master feed?
In what HD format do most of Hearst Television's stations broadcast ABC's programming?
How many affiliates owned by various companies carry the ABC feed in 480i standard definition?
What is the native resolution of ABC's master feed?
What was the only series that was renewed for a second season?
Which of ABC's late-season comedies was only renewed for a second season?
What network did ABC outpace in the 2010-11 ratings?
What was the name of ABC's only low-rated drama after it was cancelled?
Which two soap operas did ABC cancel in 2011?
Who did ABC sell the rights to One Life to Live to?
On what streaming service was One Life to Live revived?
What was the name of the talk show that replaced One Life to Live?
What demographic did ABC fall to in 2011-12?
In what year did NBC place in first place in the 18-49 demographic?
What network did NBC pass in viewership in 2013-14?
Along with The Goldbergs and Resurrection, what Marvel show was renewed for a second season in 2013-14?
Along with Suburgatory, what show was cancelled during the 2013-14 ABC season?
Which two family sitcoms were successful on ABC?
What reality format was 'Shark Tank' based on?
On what day of the week was 'Shark Tank' shown?
Who starred in Last Man Standing?
Who became president of ABC in 1994?
Who became president of ABC after Burke departed?
What police procedural debuted in September 1994?
Who created 'NYPD Blue'?
How long did 'NYPD Blue' last?
In what year did the FCC repeal the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules?
What French animation studio did Capital Cities/ABC buy in 1993?
Which cable company did Capital Cities/ABC sign an agreement with to carry its owned and operated television stations?
What was ABC's viewership share in 1993?
What radio station did ABC buy in 1960?
On what date did WLS launch its own program?
Which Canadian entrepreneur sought ABC's help to launch a television station in Toronto?
What station did Leonard Goldenson buy a 25% interest in?
What was the name of the ABC sports show that debuted in 1961?
Who created Wide World of Sports?
Who was the executive producer of Wide World of Sports?
What company did ABC buy in 1961?
What was ABC's original name?
What was the name of ABC's first blind date show?
What was the name of the dating game first shown on ABC in 1966?
Where was ABC's new headquarters located?
By 1980, what percentage of all prime-time television viewers were ABC and CBS?
What was the name of the series that debuted on ABC in 1981?
What was the name of the Happy Days spinoff?
What did ABC launch in 1981?
Who did ABC sell KXYZ to in 1983?
In 1984, ABC purchased a portion of what company's shares in ESPN?
What was the name of ARTS before it was renamed Arts & Entertainment Television?
What was the name of the entertainment channel that ABC and RCA merged in 1984?
Who did Thomas S. Murphy delegate his position to in 1990?
What was Thomas S. Murphy's position at ABC?
What was Capital Cities/ABC's revenues in 1990?
What was the longest-running prime time entertainment program on ABC?
What was the name of the ABC sitcom that debuted in 1991?
Along with The View and The Chew, what soap opera is featured on ABC weekdays?
Which two daytime talk shows are featured on ABC weekdays?
When is Good Morning America broadcast?
What is the name of ABC's late night talk show?
Which U.S. states do not have a locally licensed ABC affiliate?
What is the name of Birmingham, Alabama's low-power station?
What is the local ABC affiliate in South Bend, Indiana?
What is the local ABC affiliate in Lima, Ohio?
Who produced television series for ABC beginning in 1962?
What was Touchstone Television renamed in February 2007?
What is the former name of The Prospect Studios?
What is the name of the ABC Television Center located in New York City?
What is the name of the studio that ABC owns at 1500 Broadway?
What shows are broadcast from Times Square Studios?
What name was given to the ABC News building on West End Avenue in 2006?
Peter Jennings Way is the name of the former ABC News chief anchor and anchor of what program?
What is the name of ABC's VOD service?
What website does Disney own a 27% interest in?
When did ABC begin offering full length episodes of its shows on Hulu?
What ownership stake did Disney acquire in Hulu?
When are most recent episodes of ABC available on Watch ABC, Hulu and ABC on Demand?
How many days after their initial broadcast is the most recent episode of an ABC program available on Hulu?
What does ABC on Demand disallow?
On what date did Disney-ABC Television Group restrict streaming of the most recent episode of any ABC program?
Who designed the ABC logo?
How many variants of the ABC logo are used on-air and in print advertising?
What is the name of the custom typeface that was created for ABC promotions?
Which network uses the red version of the ABC logo?
How many primary affiliates did ABC have in 1954?
How many affiliates did ABC have?
What act mandated the addition of UHF tuning?
What did the All-Channel Receiver Act mandate?
In what city was WKST-TV located?
How much lower was the viewership of ABC than competitors?
What station in Wheeling, West Virginia began airing ABC programming on digital channels in the 2000s?
In what decade did some small markets begin to wait for full-time ABC?
What was the name of the Disneyland anthology series?
Who pitched The Untouchables to CBS?
Why did CBS reject The Untouchables?
When was The Untouchables first shown on ABC?
What was the name of the movie that debuted on ABC in 1962?
What was ABC's total revenue in 1962?
What was the original name of the animated series The Flintstones?
What was the name of the first animated series to be broadcast in color?
On what date did General Hospital debut?
Who did Goldenson propose a merger with?
Who was the head antitrust regulator for the U.S. Department of Justice?
Who filed a complaint about the merger?
On what date did the merger between ITT and ABC occur?
What company did Thomas S. Murphy lead in 1984?
How much did Capital Cities pay for ABC?
Who loaned the remaining $500 million to Capital Cities?
Who did ABC sell WFTS-TV to?
How many television stations did ABC and Capital Cities agree to own?
On what date was the merger between ABC and Capital Cities approved?
What was the combined company called after the merger?
What was Frederick S. Pierce's job title prior to joining ABC?
Who became vice president of ABC Broadcasting after the merger?
Who became president of ABC News and ABC Sports in 1986?
Which ABC show ended its run in 1983?
Which of ABC's comedies ended in 1984?
Which network regained the lead among the Big Three in 1984?
Which ABC show ended in 1986?
What type of shows did ABC begin to focus on in the 1980s?
What was the name of ABC's Friday night comedy block?
What did the nickname "TGIF" stand for?
Who produced many of ABC's TGIF shows?
Miller-Boyett Productions was produced by what studio?
How many radio stations did ABC buy in 1968?
What was the name of the first film produced by ABC Pictures?
Who directed Charly?
In what year was ABC Motion Pictures dissolved?
In what city was ABC Marine World opened?
What type of shows did ABC's diverse range of programming meet the expectations of the public?
How much did ABC's advertising revenues increase between 1953 and 1958?
What was the national reach of ABC?
Who was the president of ABC Entertainment in 1957?
Who was the star of American Bandstand?
What philosophy did ABC promote?
What was the name of ABC's western series?
Which magazine criticized ABC's public enthusiasm and sponsorship for its variety shows?
What genre of shows did ABC defeat in 1959?
What is the name of ABC's streaming service?
Which stations were the first to offer live streams of their programming on Watch ABC?
Who signed a deal with ABC to stream content from its affiliates?
What is the sister network to ESPN?
Who is the largest operator of ABC stations?
What is the largest ABC subchannel affiliate by market size?
Who owns 15 ABC stations?
How many ABC affiliates does the Sinclair Broadcast Group own?
How many ABC affiliates does E.W. Scripps Company own?
What was the name of ABC's imaging campaign?
Who developed ABC's new imaging campaign?
What did the red ribbons on the ABC logo represent?
What division of ABC were blue ribbons used for?
What are the two NBC affiliates in Tampa, Florida?
What stations are licensed to St. Joseph, Missouri?
What are the two stations in Grand Rapids, Michigan?
What was Tampa's primary ABC affiliate prior to 1994?
What empire did Genghis Khan found?
Who did Genghis Khan unify?
Where did the massacres of civilian populations occur?
What did the Mongol Empire occupy by the end of his life?
What dynasties did the Mongol invasions take place in?
Who did Genghis Khan assign as his successor?
In what year did Genghis Khan die?
Who did Genghis Khan defeat?
Who did Genghis Khan split his empire into?
Where was Genghis Khan buried?
Where was Temüjin born?
Who was Temüjin's father?
When was Temüjin born?
Who was Temüjin named after?
What was the name of Temüjin's sister?
What were the names of Temüjin's brothers?
Who was Temüjin's father's future wife?
What tribe did Börte belong to?
Who was the head of the new household?
Who was Temujin's older half-brother?
Who was Temujin's mother?
Who killed Begter?
When did Temujin's resentment erupt?
Who held Temüjin captive?
How did the Tayichi'ud enslave Temüjin?
Who became a general of Genghis Khan?
Who were two of Genghis Khan's future generals?
Where did the father of Chilaun hide?
What was used to form temporary alliances?
Who taught Temüjin about the unstable political climate of Mongolia?
What foreign forces interfered with Mongolia's political climate?
What did Hoelun teach him about the unstable political climate of Mongolia?
What tribe did Börte belong to?
Who kidnapped Börte?
Who helped to rescue Börte?
What was the name of Börte's son?
When was Jochi born?
How many more sons did Börte have?
What was the name of Börte's third son?
When did Börte die?
What was the name of Börte's third son?
How many daughters did Börte have?
What is another name for Toghrul?
Who did Temüjin turn to for support?
Toghrul was Khan of what tribe?
How many Keraite warriors did Toghrul offer to Temüjin?
What childhood friend did Toghrul suggest to Temüjin?
What did Jamukha support?
Who declared that the Eternal Blue Sky had set aside the world for Temujin?
When was Temüjin elected khan of the Mongols?
In what battle was Jamukha defeated?
Toghrul was exiled to where?
What code did Temüjin use as an incentive to follow his rule?
What did the Yassa code promise civilians and soldiers?
What did his mother adopt?
What did he take the conquered tribe under?
Who did Toghrul refuse to marry?
Who did Toghrul ally with?
Who did Toghrul ally with?
What tribe did Toghrul defeat?
What group did Jamukha and his followers take refuge with?
When did Jamukha become Gür Khan?
What was Gür Khan?
Who was Jelme's younger brother?
In what year did Jamukha become Gür Khan?
What did Temüjin offer to Jamukha?
Why did Temüjin kill the men who betrayed Jamukha?
What did Jamukha ask for?
How is it granted to die without spilling blood?
Who did Genghis Khan learn siege warfare from?
Who was the leader of the Mongol tribes?
Who was the loyal brother of Khan?
What system did Khan use to spy on his rivals?
Who was Jamukha's ally?
In what year did Temüjin unite the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, and others?
What was the name of the council of Mongol chiefs that recognized Temüjin?
What title was given to Genghis after his death?
Who succeeded Genghis Khan?
What is a Khuruldai?
Who did Genghis Khan plan to conquer in 1211?
Who did the Jin commander send to the Mongol side?
In what year did the Genghis siege Zhongdu?
Where did Emperor Xuanzong move his capital to?
Who was the third son of Genghis Khan?
Who was the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation?
What dynasty was Qara Khitai originally established as?
How many troops did Genghis send to fight Kuchlug?
Who was the younger general of Kuchlug?
What was Jebe's nickname?
What did the Mongols resort to to defeat Kuchlug's supporters?
Where was Kuchlug's army defeated?
Along with Lake Balkhash, where did the Mongol Empire extend west?
What is another name for Khwarezmia?
What is the Khwarezmia Empire?
Who ruled the Khwarazmian dynasty in the early 13th century?
Who was the governor of Otrar?
Along with the Mongols and the Muslim, who was executed by the Shah?
How many soldiers did Genghis Khan plan his invasion with?
What route did Genghis Khan use to trade with Khwarezmia?
What mountains did the Mongol army cross to enter the Khwarezmian Empire?
How many groups did Genghis Khan divide his army into?
Where did the second division under Jebe march to?
Who led the third division under Genghis Khan?
Where did the first division of the second division attack?
What was the main cause of Khwarezmia's defeats?
What town did the Mongol army capture?
In what liquid did Inalchuq die?
What did the Shah do after the Mongols defeated Khwarezmia?
Who was ordered to hunt down Inalchuq?
What was the capital of the Khwarezmid Empire?
Where was the capital moved to after Samarkand fell?
What did Genghis Khan divert through the Khwarezmid Empire's birthplace?
Who did the Mongols use as body shields?
What did Genghis supposedly do to his surrender terms?
What symbolized victory for the people of Samarkand?
What did the leaders of Bukhara do to the Mongols?
Who held the city's citadel for another twelve days?
Who were sent back to Mongolia?
What did Genghis Khan declare himself to be to the Mongols?
Who was sent back to Mongolia?
In what year was the Khwarezmian Empire defeated?
Who ordered the Mongol army split into two groups?
Where did the Mongols overwintered?
At what river did Subutai's army defeat the Kievan Rus?
Who led the Kievan Rus?
Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan?
Along with Batu, who was the grandson of Genghis Khan?
Who led the famous cavalry expedition to the Caspian Sea?
In what year did Subutai and Jebe return to Mongolia?
Where did Jebe die?
In what year did Genghis Khan begin a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts?
When did Genghis Khan take Xiliang-fu?
Who did one of the Tangut generals challenge to a battle near Helan Mountains?
What river did Genghis Khan cross to defeat the Tangut relief army?
What did Genghis Khan reportedly see at the crossing of the Yellow River?
What was the Tangut capital?
Who led the charge against the invaders outside the city gate?
What weapon did Ma Jianlong die from?
Where did Genghis Khan go after conquering Deshun?
What did Genghis Khan order the entire imperial family to be?
Who was Genghis Khan's oldest son?
Who declared that he would never accept Jochi as Genghis Khan's successor?
When was the Secret History of the Mongols written?
Who was appointed as successor to Genghis Khan?
Who did Genghis Khan worry about his sons?
Who was considered unstable?
Who was Genghis Khan's youngest son?
Who did Genghis Khan give the throne to?
When did Jochi die?
Where did Jochi stay?
What city did Jochi and his brothers siege?
Who did Genghis Khan ally with?
Why is it uncertain that Genghis Khan ordered his son to die?
What city was the capital of Western Xia in 1227?
In what sport did Genghis Khan fall from his horse?
What type of wound was Genghis Khan infected with?
What was Yinchuan the capital of?
Who is believed to have invented the legend of Genghis Khan's death?
How was Genghis Khan asked to be buried?
Where was Genghis Khan buried?
What river is believed to be the resting place of Genghis Khan?
What is the name of the Mausoleum constructed many years after the death of Genghis Khan?
What is the Mongolian name for Lord's Enclosure?
What monastery was the mausoleum taken to?
Where was the mausoleum moved to in 1949?
In what year was Genghis Khan's bier returned to Mongolia?
Who destroyed most of the artifacts in the Cultural Revolution?
When did a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncover Genghis Khan's palace?
What was diverted over Genghis Khan's grave to make it difficult to find?
Who was Genghis Khan buried next to?
Who stampeded over Genghis Khan's grave?
Who created the Yassa?
What was the military code of the Mongol Empire called?
What type of government did the Mongol Empire adopt?
Who was considered to be the exception to the Mongol Empire's meritocratic system?
Who was one of the Khans that was part of the Mongol Empire?
What type of exemptions were granted to religious figures?
Who was Genghis Khan's mentor?
What was religion considered to be in the Mongol Empire?
What religions did the Mongol tribes practice?
Who was briefly in charge of the Mongol Empire when Khagan was chosen?
What is the Mongolian policy of encouraging trade and communication called?
What was a sedentary group that Mongolians discriminated against?
What did the Great Yassa establish?
Which Khitan prince did Genghis Khan recruit?
Why couldn't Mongol administrators be found among his Mongol people?
Who did Chu'Tsai work for?
Who was Chu'Tsai's father a descendant of?
Who did Genghis Khan put absolute trust in?
Where was the Mongol Empire capital?
Who was given command of the Mongol forces against the Jin dynasty?
Which generals were allowed to pursue the Great Raid into the Caucasus and Kievan Rus?
What did Genghis Khan expect from his generals?
What did the Mongol military divert to cut off resources for cities and towns?
What two groups of people did the Mongol military employ to help capture cities?
What was a common tactic used by the Mongol military?
What tactic did the Mongol military use to take prisoners?
Along with the Caspian Sea, what sea did the Mongol empire stretch to the time of Genghis Khan?
What sea did the Mongol empire stretch from the time of Genghis Khan?
Who was the successor to Genghis Khan?
When did the war between the Mongols and Song dynasty end?
What did Genghis Khan bring together?
In what country is Genghis Khan considered a great military leader?
What type of religion did Genghis Khan practice?
What did the Silk Road allow to happen to communication between the West, Middle East and Asia?
In what decade did the memory of Genghis Khan gain popularity?
For what reason is Genghis Khan viewed positively by Mongolians?
What do Mongolians call themselves when referring to Genghis Khan?
What is a chasm in the perception of Genghis Khan?
What do non-Mongolians feel about the historical records written by Genghis Khan?
What is Mongolian for "₮"?
What is the name of the leader of Mongolia?
What is the name of Mongolia's main international airport?
Why have there been repeated discussions about regulating the use of Genghis Khan's name and image?
Where is the main international airport in Mongolia?
What was the first written Mongolian law?
What did the Ikh Zasag law deal with?
Who is the Mongolian President?
What type of script did Genghis Khan introduce?
In what region of China is there a monument and buildings about Genghis Khan?
What is the population of Mongols in Inner Mongolia?
Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan?
What dynasty did Kublai Khan establish?
Who was Kublai Khan?
In what country is Genghis Khan considered a genocidal warlord?
How much of the Iranian Plateau was killed by Mongol violence?
How many people were estimated to have been killed by Mongol violence in Iran?
Who was the descendant of Ghazan Khan?
Who stopped Hulagu Khan's army?
Who was Hulagu Khan's descendant?
When did Batu Khan launch an invasion into Kievan Rus?
Which two cities did the Mongols destroy?
Who were proud descendants of Genghis Khan and Timur?
Which Mughal emporer was a descendant of Genghis Khan?
Attar of what city was a notable Mughal ruler?
What is the Mongolian and Turkic word for ocean?
What lake was called tenggis by the Mongols?
What does Zhèng mean?
What is the Mongolian word for "right"?
What did the 13th century Mongolian pronunciation closely match?
What is the Mongolian name for Genghis Khan?
What is the Turkic name for Genghis Khan?
What is the pinyin for Genghis Khan?
What are the names of the Mongolian Chinggis Khaan?
What is the pinyin for Genghis Khan?
Where does the word pharmacy come from?
What did the retail shop sell?
What did the original Greek roots of pharmakos imply?
What would the term apothecary be seen as in English?
What did the pharmas use?
What are pharmacists?
What do pharmacists strive to ensure for their patients?
What do pharmacists play an important role in?
What type of businesses do pharmacists operate?
What do pharmacists have in common?
Who is a Pharmacy Technician in the UK supervised by?
What does a pharmacy technician have to register as a professional on?
What does the GPhC do?
What is a Pharmacy Technician in the UK considered?
What has the responsibility of a Pharmacy Technician in the UK been passed on to them?
What is Pedanius Dioscorides famous for?
What is the Latin translation of Dioscorides' work?
What term was coined by many middle eastern scientists during the Islamic Golden Age?
Who was one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants?
Who built the De Materia Medica?
What were the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of pharmacists?
Where was the place of pharmacists in society defined?
Where were ranked positions in Japan?
What were pharmacists and pharmacist assistants given?
How was a pharmacist ranked in the Imperial household?
Advances in what fields led to the development of pharmacology in medieval Islam?
Who was Rhazes?
Who pioneered the preparation of medicines?
Who wrote The foundations of the true properties of Remedies?
Which two compounds did Al-Muwaffaq make clear distinction between?
When did Dubrovnik's Franciscan monastery open?
Where was the oldest pharmacy in Europe?
What is the former name of the medieval Esteve Pharmacy?
What is in the medieval Esteve Pharmacy?
When was the oldest pharmacy in Europe opened?
What is a dispensary subject to in most countries?
Where were pharmacists once allowed to work?
What are pharmacists now more dependent on?
What are pharmacists now more dependent on automation to deal with?
What are the requirements of a dispensary in most countries?
How do pharmacists obtain more education and training after pharmacy school?
What do clinical pharmacists specialize in?
What is one of the reasons pharmacists gain more education and training after pharmacy school?
Who are referred to as clinical pharmacists?
Where can hospital pharmacies be found?
What are most hospital medications?
What have several hospital pharmacies decided to outsource to companies who specialize in compounding?
What makes it imperative that hospital pharmacies perform at the highest level possible?
What type of medications do hospital pharmacies typically stock?
What do pharmacists provide direct patient care services for?
Where did the clinical pharmacy movement begin?
Who do clinical pharmacists often collaborate with?
What do clinical pharmacists participate in?
Where do clinical pharmacists care for patients?
What is the clinical pharmacist's role?
What does the review process consist of?
What are some things that a pharmacist looks at during the review process?
What must a pharmacist monitor?
What are ambulatory care pharmacists given?
Which states give their pharmacists collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority?
When did the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties approve ambulatory care pharmacy practice as a separate board certification?
What is the official designation for pharmacists who pass the ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam?
What are some U.S. federal health care systems?
What does consulting pharmacy practice focus on?
Where do consultant pharmacists typically work?
What are some of the large pharmacy management companies in the United States?
Why do consultant pharmacists begin to work directly with patients?
What do some community pharmacies do?
When were Internet pharmacies established worldwide?
What are many of these online pharmacies actually operated by?
What are Internet pharmacies also known as?
Why do some customers prefer community pharmacies over community drugstores?
What is the difference between community and online pharmacies?
Why do many customers order drugs from online pharmacies?
Why has this practice been criticized?
What have there been reports of?
What do some Internet pharmacies do?
What do most Internet pharmacies do?
What is a concern with Internet pharmacies?
What must happen in order for a prescription to be valid in the United States?
What is a concern with Internet pharmacies?
What must happen in order for a prescription to be valid in the United States?
What is the responsibility of a filling pharmacy in order for a prescription to be valid?
What outlines a valid patient-doctor relationship?
What is an example of a controlled substance that can be obtained via the internet without a prescription?
Why is there a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries?
In addition to the U.S., where has there been a push to legalize importation of medications from?
Who is enforcement of importation of prescription medications targeted at?
Is there a case of U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use with a prescription?
What has there been a push in the U.S.?
What is Pharmacy informatics a combination of?
Where can pharmacists also work?
What is pharmacy informatics growing quickly to meet?
What are pharmacists trained to participate in?
How fast is pharmacy informatics growing?
What is the fastest growing sector of the pharmaceutical industry?
How many of the 28 FDA approved medications were specialty drugs in 2013?
What are some of the major disease states that specialty pharmacies supply drugs for?
What do specialty pharmacies carry that traditional community pharmacy does not?
What services do specialty pharmacies provide?
How are pharmacists regulated in most jurisdictions?
Who may supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public?
What organization has a Code of Ethics?
What percentage of American physicians dispense drugs on their own?
What are pharmacists not allowed to do in some jurisdictions?
What country has a law that allows general physicians to dispense prescription only medicines?
Where are physicians allowed to both prescribe and dispense prescription-only medicines?
What is the current minimum distance between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy?
What is the minimum distance between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy?
What is the reason for the majority rule?
Why would a doctor exaggerate the seriousness of his treatments?
What is the majority rule system similar to?
What is a doctor's financial self-interest in doing?
What does the majority rule conflict with?
What are pharmacists expected to do in the coming decades?
What are pharmacists expected to be in the coming decades?
What is Medication Therapy Management?
What does Medication Therapy Management provide?
What is the result of Medication Therapy Management?
Which Canadian provinces have limited prescribing rights?
Who do pharmacists in Australia receive remuneration from for conducting Home Medicines Reviews?
What are pharmacists being paid for by the government in the UK?
What has had an influence on the practice of pharmacy in the United States?
What degree is required before entering pharmacy?
What are the two symbols most commonly associated with pharmacy in English-speaking countries?
Until the early 20th century, what symbol was used for pharmacy?
What country uses the Bowl of Hygieia?
Where is the red stylized letter A used for pharmacy symbols?
What countries have the green Greek cross?
What is the immune system?
What must an immune system detect in order to function properly?
What are the two main subsystems of the immune system?
The peripheral immune system is separated from what system?
What does the immune system consist of?
What are the types of agents that an immune system must detect?
What is one type of immune system subsystem?
What does the immune system protect against?
What are the agents that the immune system detects called?
The peripheral immune system is separated from what system?
What are the three barriers that separate the immune system in humans?
What are the agents that the immune system detects called?
What is one type of immune system subsystem?
What is another term for the immune system subsystems?
The peripheral immune system is separated from what system?
How can pathogens avoid detection by the immune system?
What do bacteria have a rudimentary immune system?
What ancient organism evolved basic immune mechanisms?
What is adaptive immunity?
What type of infections do bacteria's immune system protect against?
What are antimicrobial peptides called?
The process of acquired immunity is the basis of what?
What creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen?
Disorders of the immune system can result in what?
When does immunodeficiency occur?
What does immunodeficiency result in?
What can immunodeficiency be the result of in humans?
What is a common autoimmune disease?
What is it called when the immune system is less active than normal?
What results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms?
What field of study studies the immune system?
What is an acquired condition of immunodeficiency?
When was the first known reference to immunity?
What type of venom did Maupertuis experiment with?
Who developed vaccination and his proposed germ theory of disease?
Who discovered the yellow fever virus?
Who won the 1905 Nobel Prize for his work on immunology?
What was discovered to be the cause of infectious disease in 1905?
What virus was discovered by Walter Reed in 1901?
When was the first known reference to immunity?
What is retained after a pathogen has been eliminated?
What provides an immediate, but non-specific response to a pathogen?
What is the second layer of protection in vertebrates?
What type of immune system is found in all plants and animals?
What is the second layer of protection in vertebrates?
What is retained after a pathogen has been eliminated?
What prevent pathogens such as bacteria and viruses from entering an organism?
Immunology and adaptive immunology depend on the ability of the immune system to distinguish between what two types of molecules?
In immunology, what are the components of an organism's body that can be distinguished from foreign substances?
What type of molecules are antigens?
What are non-self molecules called?
What do antigens bind to?
What triggers the innate immune system response?
What is the dominant system of host defense in most organisms?
Pattern recognition receptors recognize components of what?
What type of immune system are Innate immune defenses?
The waxy cuticle of many leaves is an example of what mechanical barrier?
What is the first line of defense against infection?
What mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract?
What is secreted by the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract to trap and entangle microorganisms?
Along with urine, what liquid releases pathogens from the respiratory tract?
What antimicrobial peptides secrete in the respiratory tract?
What enzymes are found in saliva, tears, and breast milk?
Semen contains what to kill pathogens?
Which chemical defenses against ingested pathogens are found in the stomach?
Vagininal secretions serve as a chemical barrier following what event?
What serves as biological barriers in genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts?
What can oral antibiotics cause an overgrowth of?
What bacteria is found in unpasteurized yogurt?
What are some conditions that cause pathogens to enter the environment?
What is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection?
What causes symptoms of inflammation?
What are released by injured or infected cells?
What eicosanoid produces fever and theilation of blood vessels associated with inflammation?
What is responsible for communication between white blood cells?
What cells are responsible for cellular innate immunity?
What can phagocytes be called to?
When a pathogen is engulfed by a phagocyte, it becomes trapped in an intracellular vesicle called what?
What does a lysosome form when a phagocyte is engulfed by a phagosome?
How did phagocytosis evolve?
What are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens?
What type of phagocytes travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens?
What percentage of leukocytes are neutrophils?
What is it called when neutrophils migrate to the site of inflammation?
What regulatory factor do macrophages produce?
What are the second arm of the innate immune system?
What cells are the second arm of the innate immune system?
In what part of the body are Innate cells important mediators?
What are phagocytes?
What are phagocytes in tissues that are in contact with the external environment called?
What are dendritic cells named for?
What do dendritic cells present antigens to?
What do dendritic cells present antigens to?
What is the condition in which NK cells recognize compromised host cells?
What type of cells are a component of the innate immune system?
What is the term for cells with low levels of a cell surface marker?
What are MHC antigens recognized by?
The adaptive immune system evolved in what early animals?
The adaptive immune response requires recognition of specific non-self antigens during what process?
Antigen specificity allows for the generation of responses that are tailored to what?
What are the two major subtypes of T cells?
Which type of T cells have a role in modulating immune response?
Killer T cells only recognize antigens coupled to what type of molecules?
What type of molecules do regulatory T cells only recognize?
What type of cells recognize intact antigens that are not bound to MHC receptors?
What sub-group of T cells kill cells that are infected with viruses or are otherwise damaged or dysfunctional?
What is the name of the co-receptor on a Killer T cell?
What binds to the specific antigen in a complex with another cell?
What toxin causes a target cell to undergo apoptosis?
What cytotoxin is released when an activated T cell contacts a specific antigen?
What recruits molecules inside the T cell that are responsible for the cell's activation?
How many receptors are there on the helper T cell?
How can killer T cells be activated?
What do resting T cells release?
What is another name for CD154?
What cells do gamma delta T cells share the characteristics of?
What do gamma delta T cells possess?
What cells straddle the border between innate and adaptive immunity?
What do γδ T cells rearrange TCR genes to produce?
What type of cells respond within hours to molecules produced by microbes?
Which cell recognizes pathogens when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen?
What process is taken up by the B cell and processed into peptides?
What does the matching helper T cell release?
When B cells and T cells are activated and begin to replicate, what do some of their offspring become?
What term is given to the memory cells that adapt to a new pathogen?
What are two types of immunological memory?
During the lifetime of an animal, what do memory cells remember?
Newborn infants have no prior exposure to what?
What type of antibody is transported from mother to baby during pregnancy?
What contains antibodies that are transferred to the gut of the infant?
What is it called when the fetus does not actually make any memory cells or antibodies?
Hormones can act as what?
Female sex hormones are known immunostimulators of what?
What autoimmune disease strikes women preferentially?
What do male sex hormones seem to be?
What proteins are closely linked with T-cell differentiation and circadian rhythms?
What are some chronic conditions caused by sleep deprivation?
Active immunizations may result in lower antibody production and lower immune response than would be noted in a well-rested individual?
What causes weakened immune responses in aging individuals?
What vitamin is decreased as an elderly person ages?
What is regulated by the immune system?
What does UVB radiation cause the body to produce?
What cells help the immune system to destroy abnormal cells?
Tumor antigens are presented on what type of molecules?
Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules in a similar way to what?
What is generated against tumor cells allowing them to be destroyed by the complement system?
What type of cells do plants lack?
What are PAMPs?
What is the process called when cells at the site of infection undergo rapid?
What type of defensive response is used by plants to make them resistant to pathogens?
What can block virus replication?
What is the other end of immune dysfunction?
What does the immune system fail to distinguish between?
Where are specialized cells located in the body?
What do many T cells and antibodies react with under normal circumstances?
What occurs when one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive?
Immunodeficiencies are diminished in which two groups?
At what age do immune responses decline in the elderly?
What are common causes of poor immune function in developed countries?
What is the most common cause of immunodeficiency in developing countries?
Active immunity can be generated artificially by what?
Vaccination is also called what?
What does immunization introduce to stimulate the immune system?
Vaccination exploits what?
What do bacteria secreting to overcome physical barriers?
What type of secretion system can bacteria use to enter a host cell?
What are these proteins used to do?
The success of any pathogen depends on its ability to do what?
Who developed CST?
What are nonself entities?
Along with the complex "two-signal" activation of T cells, what else was CST modified to reflect?
Who was Frank Burnet inspired by?
What is the most powerful anti-inflammatory drug?
What type of drugs are methotrexate and azathioprine used with?
What are two cytotoxic drugs that are used in conjunction with anti-inflammatory drugs?
What immunosuppressive drug prevents T cells from responding correctly?
What differentiated effector cells peak during wake periods?
What are two anti-inflammatory molecules during awake active times?
What causes inflammation during sleep times?
Melatonin helps counteract what type of production during sleep time?
What does a T-cell extend when it encounters a foreign pathogen?
What is the active form of vitamin D?
What relationship do T-cell and vitamin D have?
What gene is responsible for converting the pre-hormone version of vitamin D, calcidiol into the steroid hormone version?
What other immune system cells are known to express CYP27B1?
What are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens?
What are antimicrobial peptides called?
What cells are used by most forms of invertebrate life?
What ribonucleases are conserved across all eukaryotes?
What are two examples of classical molecules of the adaptive immune system?
What are two primitive jawless vertebrates that have a distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule?
What do lamprey and hagfish possess?
The evolution of what occurred in an ancestor of the jawed vertebrates?
Insects do not generate what?
Bacteriophages use what defense mechanism to protect themselves from viral pathogens?
What is the restriction modification system used by bacteria called?
Prokaryotes have acquired immunity through what type of sequencing?
Which two theories of immunology were at odds at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century?
Who represented the cellular theory of immunology?
What cells are responsible for immune responses?
Who held the humoral theory of immunology?
What did Koch and von Behring believe the active immune agents were?
What do some tumors go on to become?
What do tumors have a reduced number of on their surface?
What suppresses the activity of macrophages and lymphocytes?
TGF-β suppresses the activity of what two cells?
What is an immune response that damages the body's own tissues called?
How many classes of hypersensitivity are there?
What are the four classes of hypersensitivity?
What triggers degranulation of mast cells and basophils?
What occurs when antibodies bind to antigens on the patient's own cells?
What is it called when a pathogen spends most of its life-cycle inside host cells?
What is the food poisoning bacterium?
What is the name of the malaria parasite?
What bacteria lives inside a protective capsule that prevents lysis by complement?
What is Staphylococcus aureus?
What is it called when you rapidly change non-essential epitopes on the surface of a pathogen while keeping them concealed?
What virus mutates rapidly?
What parasite constantly changes surface proteins?
What are the proteins on HIV's host molecules constantly changing?
What is it called when the immune system looks to eliminate tumors?
What virus causes cervical cancer?
What enzyme transforms certain skin cells into tumors?
What are tumors called when tyrosinase is expressed at high levels?
What type of skin cells do tyrosinase transform?
What is the maximum amount of drugs that can provoke a neutralizing immune response?
What amino acids are overrepresented in epitope regions?
What is the study of large sets of proteins involved in immune response called?
A publicly accessible database has been established for the cataloguing of epitopes from pathogens known to be recognizable by what?
What is the field of bioinformatics-based studies of immunogenicity called?
Which hormones induce blood levels of cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine?
The milieu of hormones produced during the early slow wave-sleep stage supports what type of cells?
What type of cytokine is associated with long-lasting immune memory?
What initiates long-lasting immune memory?
What do complement proteins bind to on the surfaces of microbes?
How can the deposition of complement kill cells?
What results in the speed of the immune response?
What produces a controlled positive feedback that amplifies the initial signal?
What is one way people have rebelled against unfair laws?
What did South Africa fight in the 1960s?
What was the name of the movement that brought independence to the Baltic countries?
Where did the Orange Revolution take place?
Where was the Rose Revolution?
Who led the 1919 Revolution?
Who did the Egyptians fight in 1919?
What type of movement was Gandhi involved in?
What have people been demonstrating against?
What was the name of the South African civil disobedience movement?
What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience?
Who was Oedipus' father?
Who is the current King of Thebes?
Who was the former King of Thebes?
What is Creon trying to stop Antigone from doing?
What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience?
Who wrote the play Antigone?
Who does Antigone defies?
What is Creon trying to stop Antigone from doing?
What did Antigone tell Creon that she must do?
Who wrote The Mask of Anarchy?
The Mask of Anarchy is the first modern example of what type of protest?
What is the name of Gandhi's doctrine of nonviolent protest?
What was Gandhi campaigning for?
Who wrote Civil Disobedience?
Who wrote The Mask of Anarchy?
What did Shelley think of the images in The Mask of Anarchy?
The Mask of Anarchy is the first modern[vague] statement of what?
What is the name of Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolent protest?
Who wrote Satyagraha?
For Vice President Agnew, the term "civil disobedience" has become a code word describing what activities?
Who noted that "civil disobedience" has been used to describe everything from bringing a test case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official?
What has the term "civil disobedience" always suffered from?
What has the term "civil disobedience" become in modern times?
What has the term "civil disobedience" always suffered from ambiguity and in modern times?
Who noted that "civil disobedience" has been used to describe everything from bringing a test case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official?
What has the term "civil disobedience" become for Vice President Agnew?
For whom has the term 'civil disobedience' become a code-word?
What has the term "civil disobedience" always suffered from?
Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is difficult?
LeGrande believes that a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not what?
What types of disobedience does LeGrande advocate?
What kind of problems does LeGrande find himself surrounded by?
According to LeGrande, what type of terminology has no more or less meaning than the individual orator intends?
Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is difficult?
What type of literature does LeGrande say makes it difficult to formulate a single all-encompassing definition?
What problems does LeGrande find himself surrounded by?
What type of protest does LeGrande advocate?
LeGrande encourages a distinction between lawful protest demonstration and what type of civil disobedience?
What type of conflict is civil disobedience usually distinguished from?
What is the definition of civil disobedience?
What is a citizen's relation to in civil disobedience?
Why would a head of a country refuse to enforce a decision of the highest court?
What is defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws?
What is a citizen's relation to in civil disobedience?
What would happen to the head of the highest court of a country's highest court?
Who is acting in her capacity as public official rather than private citizen?
If the head of a country's highest court refused to enforce a decision of its highest court, what would be the official's role?
A constitutional impasse is when two public agencies are in conflict with what?
Who advised "Resign"?
What was Thoreau's punishment for his refusal to pay taxes?
What is the relationship between the individual and government according to Thoreau?
What did Thoreau advise a tax collector to do?
Who does Thoreau think may express nothing more than the will of the majority?
According to Thoreau, who is the final judge of right and wrong?
According to Thoreau, who can act unjustly?
Who advised "Resign"?
What did Thoreau advise a tax collector to do?
What is the relationship between the individual and government according to Thoreau?
Some theories of civil disobedience hold that disobedience is only justified against what?
Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects opposition to what?
Brownlee believes disobedience in opposition to decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to what?
What does Brownlee argue breaches of law are against?
Who argues that disobedience in opposition to decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken?
According to Brownlee, disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects what?
Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is what?
Brownlee believes disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken?
What is it called when lawbreaking is not publicly announced?
Stephen Eilmann argues that civil disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than what?
What did Hitler's secret police want to know about German citizens?
Where did Shiphrah and Puah misrepresent their actions?
Who refused a direct order of Pharaoh?
What must happen in order for lawbreaking to constitute civil disobedience?
What does Stephen Eilmann argue is necessary to disobey?
What would a lawyer do to help a client overcome obstacles to securing her or his natural rights?
What did the Fully Informed Jury Association's publication "A Primer for Prospective Jurors" think of?
Where can civil disobedience be traced back to?
What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience?
What dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience?
What is more destructive according to Black's Law Dictionary?
What do civil disobedients' refraining from violence promote?
What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience?
What does Christian Bay state that civil disobedience does not have to be?
What is more destructive according to Black's Law Dictionary?
What is rebellion more likely to be than civil disobedience?
What is refraining from violence said to do?
What is an active attempt to overthrow a government called?
Who was Ferenc Deák under?
Who was the Hungarian leader during the Hungarian Revolution?
Who's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience?
Revolutionary civil disobedience is an active attempt to overthrow a government and to change what?
What is non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What is the reason for non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What is the purpose of non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What is an active attempt to overthrow a government called?
Who is the leader of non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
When were the earliest recorded acts of collective civil disobedience?
How did the Jews prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem?
How did the media react to Thoreau's arrest?
What did the tax collector do for Thoreau?
When was Thoreau's essay published?
When were the earliest recorded acts of collective civil disobedience?
Why did the Jews gather in the streets?
What do activists do when they commit civil disobedience as a group?
What is it called when a group refuses to sign bail?
When was Thoreau's essay published?
What type of acts have civil disobedients chosen?
What kind of purpose do illegal protests serve?
What organization brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the US government?
How long did Julia Butterfly Hill live in Luna?
How did Julia Butterfly Hill prevent the tree from being cut down?
Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of what?
What is an example of a civil disobedience act that is hardly more than a nuisance?
How harmless are illegal protests?
What is the goal of medical marijuana dispensaries?
Who successfully prevented a tree from being cut down?
What was Joseph Haas arrested for?
What was the email that Joseph Haas sent to Lebanon city councilors?
What type of behavior is pure speech?
What case was the track "filthy words" from a George Carlin comedy album a result of?
What year was FCC v. Pacifica Foundation?
What is criminalized behavior?
What is WBAI's job?
What is another example of expressing defiance toward the government?
What did Joseph Haas do to Lebanon city councilors?
Illegal boycotts and sit-ins make it more difficult for what to happen?
How did Plowshares temporarily close GCSB Waihopai?
How did Plowshares cause the gates to open?
What do civil disobedients use to get their issue onto the table?
What type of civil disobedience might make it more difficult for a system to function?
What is an example of a form of civil disobedience that makes it more difficult for a system to function?
What are civil disobedients constrained in their use of in order to get their issue onto the table?
What is the conscientious aim of civil disobedients?
How did the Plowshares organization temporarily close GCSB Waihopai?
Civil disobedience cases arise in what kind of investigation?
What decisions might a suspect make in civil disobedience cases?
What can serve no useful purpose?
Why do some civil disobedients struggle to respond to police questions?
What do some civil disobedients do to make an impression on police?
What do some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to do?
What do some civil disobedients believe is incumbent upon them to accept punishment for their belief in?
What do some civil disobedients don't believe in?
What are some civil disobedients?
What is a violation of criminal law?
What is an important decision for civil disobedients?
What is a civil disobedient's duty to do?
According to ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook, what does a civil disobedient do?
What does pleading not guilty send a message?
What is it called when a defendant says "I plead for the beauty that surrounds us"?
Where was the protest held in 1957?
Why were the protesters arrested?
What happened to the protesters when they stepped across the line?
What did Francis Heisler advise protesters to plead instead of pleading guilty?
What was the sentence given to the arrested protesters?
Why do protesters go to jail?
Why do protesters go to jail?
According to Howard Zinn, what should be the spirit of protest?
What do protesters do as an accession to 'the rules'?
What do the prosecution propose to civil disobedients?
What did the Camden 28 defendants receive?
What do some activists use to secure a plea bargain for everyone?
What do some activists opt to enter without a plea agreement in place?
Who pleaded guilty and told the court, "I am here to.. submit cheerfully to the highest penalty?
What type of speech do some civil disobedience defendants make in allocution?
What is a defiant speech?
What did Burgos-Andujar's statement suggest?
What did Burgos-Andujar's statement suggest about her future actions?
What did the protesters complain about?
What is the primary goal of a defendant if they plead not guilty?
What must defendants do if they plead not guilty?
What must defendants use the proceedings as a forum to do?
During what war did the Chicago Eight use a political defense?
What do some civil disobedients seek in the United States?
What is neither conscientious nor of social benefit?
What is general disobedience considered to be?
What is considered to be civil disobedience?
What is a protestor who attempts to escape punishment by fleeing the jurisdiction viewed as?
How is a protestor able to escape punishment?
What type of disobedience involves violating a law which is not itself the object of protest?
What type of disobedience involves violating a law which is not itself the object of protest?
When did courts typically refuse to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of what war?
What was Carter Wentworth's defense?
According to FIJA, what must happen if a fully informed jury leafleter is arrested?
How is crime control achieved?
What is the most important consideration in deciding whether or not to impose punishment?
Who decides whether or not to impose punishment on an objector?
What does Brownlee believe deterrence focuses on?
What is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure?
What is construction different from?
What percentage of the gross domestic product of developed countries is made up of construction?
What does construction start with?
For whom does construction typically take place?
Who usually manages large-scale construction?
Who is in charge of large-scale construction?
What is essential for successful execution of a project?
What are the largest construction projects referred to?
Who must consider zoning requirements, the environmental impact of the job, construction-site safety, availability and transportation of building materials?
What are the three main sectors of construction?
What are two types of construction?
What are the three types of infrastructure?
What type of construction includes large public works, dams, bridges, highways and water/wastewater distribution?
Refineries, process chemical, power generation and mills are examples of what type of construction?
What is the Engineering News-Record?
What is the engineering news-record called?
In what year did ENR compile its market segments?
What types of data did ENR use to rank heavy contractors?
What are the three subsectors of construction?
What types of firms are included in the Standard Industrial Classification?
What two systems have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction?
What are construction managers?
What is the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings called?
What is the majority of building construction jobs?
Who acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project?
What are some possible end results of building construction projects of varying sizes?
What do those with experience in the field do during construction to ensure a positive outcome?
Residential construction practices, technologies, and resources must conform to what?
What generally dictates the construction materials used?
What can residential construction generate?
What varies on a per square meter or per square foot basis for houses?
What technology has made building construction possible?
How long does it take to build a building in 3D printing?
How many meters of building material are being printed per hour?
How much building material is being printed per hour as of January 2013?
What is the purpose of a design team?
What does construction usually involve translation of?
Who typically awards a contract to the most cost efficient bidder?
Who provides a bill of quantities for a bid?
Who does the owner award a contract to?
What is the modern trend in design toward integration of?
In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be what?
What can a design management firm offer itself as for a construction project?
What is one-stop shopping for a construction project called?
What are some project structures that assist the owner in integration?
Project structures allow the owner to integrate the services of who throughout design and construction?
What are many companies putting more emphasis on?
What can a construction project suffer from?
When do underbids happen?
When can financial problems arise?
What is a problem in many fields of construction?
Who are likely participants in creating an overall plan for financial management of a building construction project?
Who is highly likely to participate in financial management of a building project?
Who studies the expected monetary flow over the life of a project?
What causes cost overruns with government projects?
Who applies expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation?
What must a project adhere to?
Constructing a project that fails to adhere to codes does not benefit who?
What is malum in se considerations?
What are malum prohibitum considerations?
Who may seek changes or exemptions in the law that governs the land where a building is built?
What is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations?
What is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties?
What is a drawback of a time element in a contract?
What must a contract be designed to ensure?
What can lead to confusion and collapse?
What type of relationship is there a growing number of new forms of procurement?
What does PPP stand for?
What does PPP stand for?
What is the focus of relationship contracting?
Who acts as project coordinator?
What does the architect or engineer act as in construction procurement?
What are direct contractual links between?
Who does a subcontractor have a relationship with?
What stage of construction does the procurement process continue until?
Who produces a list of requirements for a project?
What type of contractors present ideas for a project?
Who produces a list of requirements for a project?
What type of contractor is often hired by the owner?
What happens to the first phase of a project once the contractor has been hired?
Who is required to verify and have existing utility lines?
What can existing utility lines be used to prevent?
What kind of infrastructure does the marking of utility lines reduce the chances of?
Who inspects a building during construction?
What may be issued after a final inspection?
What is the annual revenue of the construction industry in the U.S.?
How much of the industry's revenue is private?
How many firms were there in the construction industry in 2005?
What is the average employee for a contractor in the construction industry?
How many women were employed in the construction industry in 2011?
What is the average salary for a professional in the construction industry in the Middle East?
What is the average salary in the Middle East compared to the UK?
Which countries have construction workers earning more than $100,000 a year?
What is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world?
What is one of the most common causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries among construction workers?
What are some of the major causes of fatalities in the construction industry?
What can prevent occupational injuries in the construction industry?
What are private schools also known as?
What type of scholarship is offered at a private school?
What do private schools charge their students?
What right do private schools have?
What is the average annual tuition in New England for K-12 students?
What are K-12 schools called that charge nothing?
Along with the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States, what Commonwealth country uses the term "tuition-free" interchangeably?
Where does private education cover the whole gamut of education?
What is the term for year 12 of secondary school?
What is the term for year 13 of secondary school?
What is another term for university preparatory schools?
Along with the location of the school, the willingness of parents to pay and the financial endowment, what is one of the factors that affects the cost of attending a private secondary school?
High tuition is used to pay higher salaries for whom?
Parochial schools are also known as what type of schools?
Along with Protestants, Jews and Muslims, what other religious group is represented in K-12 private schools?
What type of education do some private schools teach?
What is a tool not readily available to government schools?
What is a compulsory uniform in Australian private schools?
Are private schools more or less expensive than public schools in Australia?
Along with the Anglican Church and Uniting Church, what church is an example of an independent school?
What type of school is St Joseph's College?
Where is St Aloysius' College located?
For what gender is Loreto Normanhurst for?
In what article of the Grundgesetz can private schools be created in Germany?
What type of event might private schools be protected from?
What was the percent of pupils in private schools in Germany between 1992 and 2008?
What was the percent of students in private high schools in Germany between 1992 and 2008?
What was the percent of pupils in private schools in Germany between 1992 and 2008?
What is the German term for school segregation according to the means of parents?
What are ordinary primary or secondary schools?
Do most Ersatzschulen have high or low tuition fees?
What are secondary or post-secondary schools called?
What type of schools are not part of the German dual education system?
What type of fees are charged by Ergänzungsschulen?
What type of groups are Ergänzungsschulen run by?
What type of school are private schools in India?
What is one of the leading Examination Boards in India?
How many different Examination Boards exist in India?
Who provides the broad policy directions for schools in India?
Along with non-profit trusts, what type of entity can run schools in India?
What country has the largest adult illiterate population in the world?
What does ASER stand for?
What does ASER stand for?
What is the medium of education in private schools?
What is another name for a private school in Ireland?
Why are private schools unusual in Ireland?
What is the average annual fee for a boarding school in Ireland?
What is another name for the Congregation of Christian Brothers?
What is the average yearly fee for boarding schools in Ireland?
When did Malaysia gain independence?
Which primary school was allowed to retain Chinese as the medium of instruction?
What language are Chinese secondary schools required to change into?
What type of school did the government instruct all Chinese schools to surrender their properties to?
How many Chinese schools converted to National Type schools?
What type of schools accept government funding?
What type of schools are un-aided?
Where is the Galaxy Public School located?
What is the medium of education in Kathmandu?
Along with the state's official language, what is a compulsory subject in Kathmandu public schools?
How many private schools are in New Zealand as of April 2014?
As of April 2014, how many students were attending private schools in New Zealand?
What percentage of the New Zealand population are private schools catering to?
What was the name of the nation's private school system in 1979-1984?
What is the largest city in New Zealand?
What type of private schools are often found in Auckland?
Where is Samuel Marsden Collegiate School located?
What type of school is Saint Kentigern College?
Where is St Margaret's College?
What Catholic schismatic group operates St Dominic's College in Wanganui?
What percentage of primary enrollment does the private sector provide in the Philippines?
What percentage of secondary enrollment does the private sector provide in the Philippines?
What percentage of tertiary enrollment does the private sector provide in the Philippines?
When was the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools issued?
Along with English and mathematics, what subject is offered in private schools in the Philippines?
What scheme of the government provides financial assistance for students who are turned away from public schools because of enrollment overflows?
What does the Education Service Contracting scheme provide financial assistance for?
What financial assistance is provided to underprivileged students?
What law recognizes two categories of schools in South Africa?
When was the South African Schools Act passed?
Along with private schools, what is the third category of schools in South Africa?
The South African Schools Act of 1996 recognizes what type of schools?
In what century were private church schools established in South Africa?
What does the term Model C still refer to?
Do models produce better or worse academic results than government schools?
Do model C schools have higher or lower fees than other public schools?
What percentage of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008?
How many students does The Knowledge School teach?
How many employees does The Knowledge School have?
What is another name for Kunskapsskolan?
What type of school model is Sweden known for?
What is the average age of a student in a public school in the UK?
What are independent schools also known as?
What percentage of children in the UK are attending fee-paying schools?
What is the average age of a student in a public school in the UK?
What is the typical annual fee for a private school in the UK?
What was the landmark court case in 1954?
What type of schools have shut down since the 1970s?
In which part of the US did many white students migrate to Christian Academies?
What race of students migrated to Christian academies?
What race was more likely to attend Christian schools in the South?
Along with student tuition and scholarship funds, what type of funds are used to fund private schools?
What is the Establishment Clause of which Amendment?
Which amendment forbids government funding of religious schools according to the courts' interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment?
What type of status do non-religious private schools have?
In what state was compulsory schooling first used?
When was compulsory schooling introduced in the United States?
When was Wisconsin v. Yoder?
What was Pierce v. Society of Sisters?
Who was Runyon v.?
What is the yearly tuition for day schools in New York City?
What is the average yearly tuition for boarding schools in the United States?
What is one of the leading boarding schools in the US?
What type of drive supported the Groton School's endowments?
Who was the first benefactor of Harvard?
When did Radcliffe College merge with Harvard?
Who led Harvard through the Great Depression and World War II?
What organization did Harvard join in 1900?
Who was president of Harvard from 1869-1909?
What is the world's largest academic and private library system?
How many libraries are in the Harvard Library?
How many volumes does the Harvard Library contain?
How many U.S. presidents have graduated from Harvard?
How many Nobel laureates have attended Harvard?
Where are Harvard's campuses located?
What is the largest financial endowment of Harvard?
What river is Harvard Stadium located across?
How many academic units does Harvard have?
Where is the main campus of Harvard located?
In what year was Harvard formed?
In what colony was Harvard formed?
In what year did the first printing press arrive in North America?
In what year was the college renamed Harvard College?
When was the charter creating the Harvard Corporation granted?
Who did the College train in the early years?
What was the curriculum of the college modeled after?
Was the college affiliated with any particular denomination?
In what year did Joseph Willard die?
Who was appointed to the presidency of Harvard two years after Henry Ware died?
When was Henry Ware elected to the chair of Harvard?
Who gave natural history lectures in 1846?
What did Agassiz combine observation with?
From whom did Agassiz's Common Sense Realism derive?
Who was the president of American higher education from 1869 to 1909?
What type of convictions did Charles W. Eliot have?
From whom did the Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions derive?
Who created programs to identify, recruit, and support talented youth?
What did Conant's programs aim to do?
When was the James Bryant Conant Report published?
How many men attended Harvard College?
In what year did Harvard and Radcliffe merge?
What happened after the merger of Harvard and Radcliffe?
How far is Harvard Yard from the State House?
How many residential houses does Harvard have?
What river is one of the twelve residential Houses located south of Harvard Yard?
Where is the Quadrangle located?
Where is Harvard Business School located?
What is the name of the bridge that connects Harvard Business School and Harvard Stadium?
Where is the Harvard School of Dental Medicine located?
How much more land does Harvard own in Allston than Cambridge?
What are the plans to connect the Cambridge campus with the new Allston campus?
What features does Harvard claim will benefit the surrounding community?
How many professors and lecturers instruct students at Harvard?
How many undergraduates attend Harvard?
How many graduate students attend Harvard?
In what year did the student body officially adopt the color crimson?
When did Charles William Eliot buy red bandanas for his crew?
How much was Harvard's endowment worth in 2011?
What was the loss of Harvard's endowment in 2008-09?
What was the name of the $1.2 billion project that was supposed to be finished in 2011?
What is the amount of a Pell Grant reserve that Harvard has available for disbursement?
What was the total financial aid reserve for students at Harvard in 2012?
When was the divestment from South Africa movement?
Who gave a speech at Harvard in South Africa in the late 1980s?
How much did Harvard reduce its South African holdings by?
How many applicants did Harvard accept for the class of 2019?
When did Harvard end its early admissions program?
Why did Harvard end its early admissions program in 2007?
In what year was the Early Action program reintroduced?
What were entering students required to complete between 1978 and 2008?
How many general education categories have undergraduate students been required to take since 2008?
What have some students criticized Harvard for?
When do Harvard's academic programs begin?
What must a full time student maintain to be considered full time at Harvard?
What is the honor given to students in the top 4-5% of the class at Harvard?
What percentage of Latin students received honors at Harvard in 2005?
What was the annual cost of attending Harvard for the 2012-13 school year?
What was the total cost of attendance for the 2012-2013 school year?
What did families with incomes below $60,000 pay beginning in 2007?
How many grants did Harvard offer in 2009?
What percentage of undergraduates receive grants from Harvard?
Where is the Harvard University Library System located?
What are the three most popular libraries for undergraduates to use?
Where is America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases kept?
How many volumes does the Harvard University Library System contain?
How many museums comprise the Harvard Art Museums?
What does the Fogg Museum of Art cover?
What is the name of the museum at the Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts?
When did the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) begin?
When did THE World Reputation Rankings first publish?
Where does Harvard rank among "dream colleges" by students and parents?
How many intercollegiate sports does the Harvard Crimson compete in?
What university has an intense rivalry with the Harvard Crimson?
When is the rivalry between Harvard and Yale put aside?
What year does the annual football meeting date back to?
In what year did Harvard Stadium introduce a new era into football?
In what year did Walter Camp support revolutionary rules for football?
Who was Walter Camp?
What is the name of the multi-purpose arena at Harvard?
What is the name of the athletic complex at Harvard?
How many weight rooms are in the Malkin Athletic Center?
How old is the Harvard-Yale Regatta?
On what river is the Harvard-Yale Regatta held?
What rivalry does the Harvard Crimson Men's ice hockey team have?
In what year did Harvard win the Intercollegiate Sailing Association National Championships?
Who is the U.N. Secretary-General?
Which Colombian president is a U.N. member?
Who is the Costa Rican president?
Who is the Israeli Prime Minister?
Which comedian, television show host and writer has been a part of the Kennedy family?
Who is the conductor of the orchestra?
Who is the cellist that Leonard Bernstein played?
Who was a notable civil rights leader?
Who is a Fields Medalist mathematician?
Which legal scholars are part of the faculty at Harvard?
Which Shakespeare scholar is part of the faculty at Harvard?
What is the largest city in Florida?
What was the population of Jacksonville in 2010?
Where does Jacksonville rank in population among US cities?
What county is Jacksonville in?
In what year was Duval County consolidated?
Which river is north of the city of Jacksonville?
How far is Jacksonville from Miami?
What was the name of the French colony in Florida in 1564?
Who originally lived in Jacksonville?
Who was the first military governor of Florida Territory?
How does the Port of Jacksonville rank among seaports in the US?
What sport is particularly popular in Jacksonville?
How many US Navy bases are in Jacksonville?
What are two other names for people from Jacksonville?
How many years has Jacksonville been inhabited?
Who discovered some of the oldest pottery in the US?
What native people lived on Black Hammock Island?
The 16th century marks the beginning of what era?
What is the earliest recorded name for downtown Jacksonville?
Who charted the St. Johns River in 1562?
Who did Ribault claim the land for?
Who did Philip II order to attack the French at Fort Caroline?
What did the Spanish rename Fort Caroline?
What was the name of the first European settlement in Florida?
What war led to Spain giving Florida to the British?
What did the British do after they ceded Florida to the British?
What do the names Cowford and Cowford represent?
Who gave Florida to the British in 1763?
On what date was a Florida town charter approved?
Which side won the Battle of Olustee?
What was the name of the first Confederate victory in Florida?
In what battle did Union forces face a Confederate Army?
Why did the Civil War disrupt the city of Jacksonville?
What was the name of the Confederate battle that took place in 1864?
During what era did Jacksonville become a popular winter resort for the rich and famous?
Which President attended the Sub-Tropical Exposition in Jacksonville?
What dealt a major blow to the city's tourism in the 19th century?
What added to Jacksonville's tourism?
By what means did visitors arrive in Jacksonville?
What was the cause of the fire that started in a mattress factory?
How many buildings were destroyed in the Fire of 1901?
What did Governor Jennings do after the fire in 1901?
What was the largest urban fire in Florida history?
Who were attracted to Jacksonville in the 1910s?
What type of studios were established in Jacksonville in the 1910s?
What was Jacksonville's nickname in the 1910s?
What industry emerged as a major film production center in Jacksonville?
What led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs?
What was the population of non-Hispanic white in 2010?
What was the name of the wave of middle class that left Jacksonville with a much poorer population?
Who is responsible for the creation of the Jacksonville Story?
What event caused rapid urban sprawl in Jacksonville?
What caused problems with funding education, sanitation and traffic control within the city limits?
What part of the city had problems getting municipal services?
What did the study recommend in 1958?
Who rejected annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965?
What network were many of the city's officials elected through?
How many officials were indicted in the mid-1960s?
What began to win more support in the mid-1960s?
What happened to 15 of Duval County's schools in 1964?
What was the result of the consolidation referendum in 1967?
Who was the mayor of Jacksonville in 1968?
What was the name of the new border of Florida 13 and Julington Creek?
What plan was promoted as a blueprint for Jacksonville's future?
What did the Better Jacksonville Plan do?
What is the total area of Jacksonville according to the US Census Bureau?
What river divides the city?
What is a major tributary of the St. Johns River?
What percentage of the land in Jacksonville is water?
What town surrounds Jacksonville?
What is the Bank of America Tower?
What was the original name of the Bank of America Tower?
What is the height of the Bank of America Tower?
How many floors does the Riverplace Tower have?
What distinguishes the Wells Fargo Center from other notable buildings in the area?
What type of climate does Jacksonville have?
What months are the warmest in Jacksonville?
What is the weather like in Jacksonville during the winter?
What is one reason for Jacksonville's lack of cold weather?
What was the highest temperature recorded in Richmond on July 11, 1879?
What type of thunderstorms erupt during a typical summer afternoon?
Along with rapid heating of land relative to the water, what causes thunderstorms to erupt in Richmond?
In what month does the temperature in Richmond reach 82 degrees Fahrenheit?
What was the only hurricane to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds?
What was the wind speed of Hurricane Dora?
What hurricane hit Jacksonville on May 28, 2012?
On what scale was Dora a Category 2 hurricane?
What year did Tropical Storm Fay hit Jacksonville?
What is the largest ethnic group in the US?
How many people lived in Jacksonville in 2010?
What is the country's tenth largest Arab population?
What is the largest immigrant community in Florida?
What percentage of households were made up of individuals?
What percentage of households had children under the age of 18 living with them?
For every 100 females age 18 and over, how many males were there?
For every 100 females age 18 and over, how many males were there?
What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% of adults own in 2000?
According to Oxfam, how many people are estimated to have wealth equal to the bottom 50% of the population?
What is the amount of assets in the top percentile?
What has Oxfam's claims been questioned on the basis of?
What did Anthony Shorrocks call the criticism of debt?
What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% of adults own in 2000?
What do the three richest people in the world possess more of than the lowest 48 nations combined?
What was the combined wealth of the "10 million dollar millionaires" in 2008?
How much of the world's wealth does the bottom 1% own?
Why are there more poor people in the United States and Western Europe than in China?
According to PolitiFact, how many richest Americans have more wealth than half of all Americans combined?
Who stated that the "richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent"?
What may help explain why many Americans have a "substantial head start"?
According to the Institute for Policy Studies, "over 60 percent" of the Forbes richest 400 Americans did what?
What do the top 400 richest Americans have more of than half of all Americans combined?
According to the New York Times, who owns more wealth than the bottom 90 percent?
What may help explain why many Americans have a "substantial head start"?
According to the Institute for Policy Studies, what percentage of Forbes richest 400 Americans "grew up in substantial privilege"?
What organization stated that "over 60 percent" of the Forbes richest 400 Americans "grew up in substantial privilege"?
What views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land?
How does neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income?
What causes differences in income distribution in neoclassical economics?
What is inequality a reflection of in a market economy?
What are wages and profits determined by in neoclassical economics?
How does neoclassical economics view inequalities in the distribution of income?
What causes differences in income distribution in neoclassical economics?
What are determined by the marginal value added of each economic actor?
What are the economic actors in neoclassical economics?
In a market economy, what is inequality a reflection of?
What are the goals of using capital equipment for labor inputs?
What happens when the organic composition of capital is increased?
What is the term for the "reserve army of labour"?
What causes stagnant wages for the working class?
What do workers substitute capital equipment for?
What are the goals of using capital equipment for labor inputs?
In Marxian analysis, what do firms do to labor inputs?
What does the substitution of capital equipment for labor raise for each worker?
What are wages for the working class?
In a purely capitalist mode of production, what will not be controlled by these organizations?
What law determines the price of skill?
What will an employer find if they offer below market wages?
What do competitors do to take advantage of an understaffed business?
What are outcomes of markets by themselves viewed as?
In a purely capitalist mode of production, who controls wages?
Wages work in the same way as what for any other good?
In a purely capitalist mode of production, what will not be controlled by these organizations?
What can concentrate wealth, pass environmental costs on to society, and abuse workers and consumers?
What are outcomes of markets by themselves viewed as?
What tends to drive down wages due to the expendable nature of a worker?
What type of job will result in a low wage for a worker?
What will a high demand job result in?
What can cause members to receive higher wages?
Who may limit the supply of workers?
What will a high demand job result in?
What causes low wages to result in a low wage?
What causes competition amongst workers to drive down wages?
What type of demand will result in high wages for a job?
Competition between who will drive up wages?
Higher economic inequality tends to increase what at the individual level?
What type of entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter?
What is the term for the motivation for survival needs?
What is the term for achievement-oriented motivations?
What type of entrepreneurship is driven by achievement-oriented motivations?
What tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level?
What is most of self-employment based on rather than opportunity?
What type of entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs?
What type of motivations are driven by opportunity-based entrepreneurship?
What kind of impact does the latter type of entrepreneurialism have on the economy?
What is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases?
In a progressive tax system, the level of which tax rate has a direct impact on inequality within society?
Steeper tax progressivity applied to what can result in more equal distribution of income?
The rate at which income is taxed coupled with the progressivity of what is a cause of inequality?
What is a progressive tax?
What will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society?
What type of progressivity is applied to social spending?
What is an indicator for the effects of taxation?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What do those who can't afford an education choose instead?
What happens to those who are unable to afford an education or choose not to pursue optional education?
Who does education unleash the productive potential of?
What does a lack of education lead to?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What does education create for those with high demand for workers?
What happens to those who are unable to afford an education or choose not to pursue optional education?
What does a lack of education lead to?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What did S&P recommend to correct the wealth gap?
How much money would education add to the economy if the average worker completed just one more year of school?
What did the Standard & Poor's rating agency say the widening disparity between the wealthiest and the rest of the nation made it more prone to?
Who rated the U.S.'s wealth gap in 2014?
In what year did the Standard & Poor's rating agency conclude that the widening disparity between the wealthiest Americans and the rest of the nation had slowed the recovery?
During what recession did the Standard & Poor's rating agency say the widening disparity between the wealthiest and the rest of the nation slowed the recovery of the economy?
What did S&P recommend to correct the wealth gap?
How much money would education add to the economy if the average worker completed just one more year of school?
What did the Standard & Poor's rating agency say the widening disparity between the wealthiest and the rest of the nation made it more prone to?
When was the mass high school education movement?
Was there an increase or decrease in skilled workers during the mass high school education movement?
Was there a decrease or increase in skilled labor during the mass high school education movement?
What can result in low economic growth?
What did the decrease in wages cause?
When was the mass high school education movement?
What did the increase in skilled workers lead to?
What was the purpose of high school education?
What is important for the growth of the economy?
What can result in low economic growth?
What has remained strong in continental Europe?
What countries does the U.S. economy have a lower level of economic mobility than?
How much support does available evidence provide for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor market outcomes?
Compared to what European liberalism did Schmitt and Zipperer compare the effects of economic liberalism?
The decline of union membership is one of the causes of what?
What is the U.S. economic and social model associated with?
What organization did John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer belong to?
How much support does available evidence provide for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor market outcomes?
Does the U.S. economy have a higher or lower level of economic mobility than other continental European countries?
What country has very low levels of unionization?
What does Rosenfield say goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements and vice versa?
What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap?
What two things did Rosenfield argue played a more significant role in expanding the income gap?
What is Jake Rosenfield's profession?
Where is Sociologist Jake Rosenfield from?
What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap?
What type of rates of unionization does Scandinavia have?
What type of movements does high inequality go hand-in-hand with?
What happens to low-skilled workers when rich countries trade with poor countries?
Low-skilled workers in poor countries may see what?
What causes income inequality in America?
What type of labor has replaced low-skilled jobs in wealthier nations?
Trade liberalization may shift economic inequality from what kind of scale?
Who may see increased wages as a result of trade liberalization?
What has had a measurable effect on rising inequality in the U.S.?
What is the effect of trade on inequality in America?
What type of labor has replaced low-skilled jobs in wealthier nations?
What is the income gap in Botswana?
What is the income gap in Bahrain?
Are women more or less willing to travel or relocate?
Which gender has a gender pay gap in favor of in the labor market?
What gender pay gap exists in many countries?
Who is the gender pay gap in favor of in many countries?
Who is more likely to travel or relocate?
Who claims that the wage gap is due to women not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy?
Did the U.S. Census report show a difference or a difference in earnings between women and men?
What is an example of a redistribution mechanism that causes more developed countries to move back to lower levels of inequality?
According to Kuznets, countries with low levels of development have what kind of distribution of wealth?
What does a country acquire as it develops?
Social welfare programs are an example of what type of program that causes more developed countries to move back to lower levels of inequality?
What is Simon Kuznets profession?
Simon Kuznets argued that what is a large part the result of stages of development?
What does a country acquire as it develops?
Having more capital leads to the owners of the capital having what?
What do more developed countries move back to?
When did the High school movement take place?
When did income inequality begin to rise?
What sector did the Kuznets' curve predict would eventually decrease?
In what sector did Kuznets' curve predict income inequality will decrease?
Who plotted the relationship between level of income and inequality?
What is the Kuznets curve known as?
What was the Kuznets curve's cross-sectional data?
What does Kuznets' curve predict income inequality will do at a given time?
It is possible for multiple Kuznets' cycles to be in what?
What is the process by which newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities?
According to Wealth concentration theory, those who already hold wealth have what in new sources of creating wealth?
What is the main force for divergence according to Thomas Piketty?
What generates higher returns according to Thomas Piketty?
What does wealth concentration concentrate in?
Who are the beneficiaries of wealth concentration according to Wealth concentration theory?
What can significantly contribute to the persistence of inequality within society?
Who wrote Capital in the Twenty-First Century?
What do larger fortunes generate?
Which force will bid up compensation for rare and desired skills to reward wealth creation?
What is Joseph Stiglitz's profession?
What type of skills does rent-seeking seek to reward?
What does Stiglitz believe is the cause of growing inequality?
What is Stiglitz's term for the non-market force that encourages concentration of wealth and income?
What type of researchers have found higher rates of health and social problems?
What causes a lower level of economic growth?
What is lower in more unequal countries?
What type of researchers have found higher rates of health and social problems?
What happens to life expectancy in more unequal countries?
In what year did Robert J. Shiller claim that rising inequality is the most important problem?
What is the most important problem in the U.S.?
Does high and persistent unemployment have a positive or negative effect on long-run economic growth?
What can harm growth?
What type of growth does increasing inequality cause?
What nationality are Wilkinson and Pickett?
Do countries with higher inequality have higher or lower rates of health and social problems?
Do countries with higher inequality have higher or lower rates of social goods?
How many developed countries did Wilkinson and Pickett use?
States with higher levels of social problems are found to have lower levels of what?
What did higher living standards lead to?
In what type of countries does living standards have a higher life expectancy?
What quality of life increases as per capita income increases?
What people live no longer than Greeks?
How was income distributed in Japan?
What is the characteristic that has strongly correlated with health in developed countries?
Who created an index of "Health and Social Problems"?
How many factors did the authors create an index of "Health and Social Problems" from?
Where did Wilkinson and Pickett find health and social problems more common?
What does the UNICEF index of child well-being correlate with?
What has crime rate been shown to be correlated with in society?
What are almost identically defined across all nations and jurisdictions?
How many studies have shown tendencies for violence to be more common in societies where income differences are larger?
What can account for half of the variation in homicide rates in each province or state?
How much of a difference in homicide rates are there between the U.S. and Canadian provinces?
What is the utilitarian principle of seeking for the greatest number?
Economic inequality is an example of what?
An additional dollar spent by a poor person will go to things providing what to the person?
Does redistribution of wealth increase or decrease the marginal utility of wealth?
What does a society with more equality have?
According to Conservative researchers, what is more important than income?
What political party is Will Wilkinson associated with?
In what year was consumption inequality actually lower than it was in 1986?
Who wrote "The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor"?
What is Thomas B. Edsall's profession?
What is Rajan's profession?
Raghuram Rajan argues that what has created deep financial 'fault lines'?
What is the most recent example of a financial crisis according to Rajan?
Political pressure has developed to extend what type of credit to lower and middle income earners?
Political pressure has developed to extend what type of credit to lower and middle income earners?
What is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth?
Along with economic prosperity, what does high levels of inequality prevent?
What happens to GDP growth if the income share of the top 20 percent increases?
An increase in the income share of the bottom 20 percent is associated with what?
Who accounts for the most in terms of economic growth?
Who are David Castells-Quintana and Vicente Royuela?
What does increasing inequality harm?
What does high and persistent unemployment have a negative effect on?
Why can unemployment harm growth?
What kind of effects do policies aim to reduce?
What did Joseph Stiglitz present in 2009?
How does global inequality and inequality prevent growth?
What was Joseph Stiglitz's profession?
What is the main reason for the shift?
What has become the secret to growth?
When did Galor and Zeira show that inequality has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development?
What effect does the presence of credit market imperfections have on human capital formation and economic development?
What did a 1996 study by Perotti examine?
What type of taxation is inequality associated with?
What do very unequal societies tend to be?
What does high levels of inequality do to growth in relatively poor countries?
High levels of inequality reduce growth in relatively poor countries but do what to growth in richer countries?
Barro found there was little correlation between income inequality and rates of what?
What university did Barro work for?
When was a study done on Swedish counties?
What theory states that with economic development, inequality first increases, then decreases?
Does the Kuznets curve say that inequality increases or decreases with economic development?
Which economist challenges the Kuznets curve hypothesis?
What is Thomas Piketty's profession?
What did Thomas Piketty claim reduced inequality from 1914 to 1945?
When did some theories develop that could have a positive effect on economic development?
According to a 1955 review, savings by the wealthy were thought to offset what?
What did a 2013 report on Nigeria suggest about growth?
How long does it take for effects of inequality to manifest as changes to economic growth?
Longer growth spells are robustly associated with what?
What must be made to ensure that poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth?
What determines the effect of economic growth on poverty reduction?
What does the growth elasticity of poverty depend on?
Ban Ki-Moon is the Secretary General of what organization?
What does Ban Ki-Moon believe economic growth is not sufficient for?
What is held outside of the formal or legal property ownership registration system?
How is unregistered property held in informal form?
What type of ownership is excessive bureaucratic red tape in buying property and building?
In some countries it can take over how many steps to build on government land?
In some countries it can take over 200 steps and up to 14 years to build on what?
What does David Rodda and Jacob Vigdor argue is caused by income inequality?
What decreased as the demand for higher quality housing increased?
Why did rental units decrease from 1984 to 1991?
Why did rental prices increase in East New York?
What made it difficult or impossible for low income residents to keep up with rising rents?
Who shares certain costs of housing, pensions, education and health care?
What are those on lower incomes worse equipped to manage?
What describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts?
How do middle income earners achieve their aspiration?
What is the result of taking on debt?
What happens to waste and pollution when there is less economic inequality?
The increase in environmental degradation is the result of the increase in what?
What does the economic inequality result in in many cases?
When can human inequality be addressed?
What do socialists attribute the vast disparities in wealth to?
What is the situation created by private ownership of the means of production by a class of owners?
The majority of the population is dependent on income in the form of what?
In order to rectify this situation socialists argue that means of production should be what?
Socialists argue that income differentials should be what?
Who argued that government redistributes wealth by force?
In what form does government redistribute wealth by force?
According to Robert Nozick, how does government redistribute wealth?
Nozick recognized that some modern economic inequalities were the result of what?
When did John Rawls argue that inequalities in the distribution of wealth are justified?
What does the capabilities approach refer to income inequality as?
Neoliberalism views economic growth as a means to an end rather than what?
What is the goal of the capabilities approach?
How does the human development approach aim to increase people's choices and their level of well-being?
What is agency?
What happens to a person when their capabilities are lowered?
An old, ill man cannot do what?
What may prevent a woman from receiving an education or working outside the home?
Why might violence prevent people from going to work?
What do people working in income inequality hope to achieve?
Who produced Doctor Who?
When was Doctor Who first aired?
What is the name of the Doctor's spaceship?
What does the exterior of the Doctor's TARDIS resemble?
What genre is Doctor Who?
When did the show originally run?
Who revived Doctor Who in 2005?
Which show featured a single episode of Doctor Who in 1981?
Who produced the first series of Doctor Who?
Who starred in the first series of the 21st century?
How many actors have appeared as the Doctor?
Who took on the role of the Doctor after Matt Smith's death?
What was the name of the 2013 Christmas special?
When does the regeneration of the Doctor occur?
What happens to the Doctor after sustaining an injury which would be fatal to most other species?
Where did The Doctor flee from?
What type of time machine did The Doctor travel in?
What is the name of the stolen Time Lord's TARDIS?
What part of the TARDIS allows The Doctor to disguise himself as a British Police box?
Why is the Doctor's TARDIS fixed as a blue British Police box?
Does the Doctor travel alone?
Who is another renegade Time Lord?
What can the Doctor do when his body is damaged?
Who are the Doctor's companions?
What type of creature is the Doctor?
When did Doctor Who first appear on BBC TV?
What was the name of the second Doctor Who serial?
Why was the Doctor Who script rejected?
Who was the writer of The Mutants?
How long was each episode of Doctor Who supposed to be?
How many seasons did the BBC drama department produce Doctor Who?
Who was the controller of BBC 1 in 1989?
What was the name of the documentary about the cancellation of Doctor Who?
What did the BBC say about the 27th series of Doctor Who?
On what channel was Doctor Who broadcast for 26 seasons?
What did the BBC hope to find an independent production company to do?
Who approached the BBC about relaunch of Doctor Who?
Which network broadcast a Doctor Who film in 1996?
How many viewers did the film attract in the UK?
In what country was the film "Doctor Who" successful?
What was the name of the first episode of Doctor Who?
When was the first Doctor Who episode aired?
When was the first full series of Doctor Who filmed?
Who replaced Steven Moffat after the finale of Doctor Who in 2016?
What kind of special has been broadcast every year since 2005?
When was the original Doctor Who?
What version of Doctor Who is a direct continuation of the original 1963-1989 series?
When was the 2005 version of Doctor Who released?
What are two other relaunches of the Doctor Who franchise?
What movie is the 2005 version of Doctor Who similar to?
When did the BBC broadcast the first episode?
How long did it take for the first episode to go out?
How long was the transmission of the first episode delayed?
What event caused the delay in transmission of the first episode?
What caused the delay in transmission of the first episode?
What phrase did the phrase "Behind the Sofa" become associated with in British pop culture?
What museum in London named their exhibition "Behind the Sofa" in 1991?
What did the Museum of the Moving Image name their 1991 exhibition celebrating Doctor Who?
What did Digital Spy call Doctor Who in 2011?
Which online publication called Doctor Who the "scariest TV show of all time?"
Which Doctor Who show was the most violent according to a 1972 BBC audience survey?
What percentage of the audience regarded Doctor Who as unsuitable for family viewing?
Which journalist disputed the BBC's findings?
What board game did Howard compare Doctor Who to?
Which newspaper published the BBC audience survey?
What has become firmly linked to the show?
What design did the BBC apply for a trade mark for?
What was Coburn's idea for the police box?
Who filed an objection to the trade mark claim?
In what year did the Patent Office rule in favor of the BBC?
How many seasons did Doctor Who originally run?
When did the end of Doctor Who air?
How many episodes did The Daleks' Master Plan air?
What was the name of the Time Lord in season 8 of Doctor Who?
What was the name of the 20th season of Doctor Who?
In what year did the serial format of Doctor Who change?
How long are the episodes on American commercial channels?
When was an extended episode broadcast on TCM?
What was the name of the 2008 episode that exceeded an hour in length?
In what year did The Eleventh Hour air?
How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963?
How long are most Doctor Who episodes?
How many Christmas specials have been aired since 1963?
How long is one of the eight Christmas specials?
In what year was Planet of the Dead broadcast on HDTV?
Who were the first two Doctors on Doctor Who?
How many episodes of Doctor Who are not held in the BBC's archives?
Which seasons of Doctor Who are missing?
In what year did the practice of wiping tapes and destroying "spare" film copies stop?
When were large amounts of older material stored in the BBC's various video tape and film libraries destroyed?
Why have some episodes been returned to the BBC?
Who made early color videotape recordings?
Along with Marco Polo and The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve, what is a notable short story from the show?
What type of film were early colour videotape recordings made off-air onto?
Who has audio versions of all of the lost episodes?
Who released official reconstructions of The Invasion on VHS?
What animation studio did the BBC work with to reconstruct The Invasion?
When was The Invasion released?
Who animated The Reign of Terror?
When was the DVD release of The Invasion?
What did producers introduce to allow the recasting of the main character?
When was regeneration first conceived?
What was the original star of The Doctor's regeneration?
What did Hartnell's Doctor describe undergoing?
What did the Second Doctor undergo?
How many times can a Time Lord regenerate?
How many incarnations does a Time Lord have?
What was the name of the episode that showed the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations?
Which two serials established that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times?
In what year did a TV film establish that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times?
Who guest starred as the War Doctor in 2013?
What was the 50th anniversary special of Doctor Who called?
Who played the Valeyard in The Trial of a Time Lord?
In what 1986 serial did Michael Jayston play the Valeyard?
The Night of the Doctor was inserted into the show's fictional chronology between who?
Who did John Hurt play in The Day of the Doctor?
In what 1973 episode did Patrick Troughton and Jon Pertwee appear as the Doctor?
Who did Troughton and Pertwee join in 1983's The Five Doctors?
In what story did the First Doctor encounter himself?
What was the name of the 50th anniversary special episode of The Three Doctors?
Who starred in The Sirens of Time?
What audio drama was released in 2003 to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the Doctors?
Who starred in the audio drama The Four Doctors?
Who starred in The Sirens of Time?
When was Project: Lazarus released?
In what 2013 episode did the Eleventh Doctor clarify he was the product of the twelfth regeneration?
What was the name of the 1976 Doctor Who story that hinted that the First Doctor may have been the first incarnation?
In what 1983 story did the Fifth Doctor confirm he was in his fifth incarnation?
In what episode did the Eleventh Doctor refer to himself as The Eleventh?
In what year was Mawdryn Undead released?
What was the name of the Doctor's first serial?
Who is the Doctor's granddaughter?
In what year did The Empty Child appear?
What happened to the Doctor's home planet in 2005?
In what 2007 series did the Doctor say he didn't have a brother?
What type of companion is generally seen in Doctor Who?
What is the only story from the original series in which the Doctor travels alone?
Who were the Doctor's first companions?
What were Barbara Wright's first companions?
What is the name of the Doctor's companion from the earlier series?
What gender is the main companion of the Doctor?
Who were the main companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors?
Which Doctor was the first to travel with married couples?
Who is the Tenth Doctor's newest traveling companion?
Who was Donna Noble's companion?
Who was the executive producer of Doctor Who's 2005 revival?
When was the first series of the Doctor Who revival?
What was the name of the first series of Doctor Who?
In what series did the Macra and the Master appear?
What alien was introduced in the 50th anniversary special of Doctor Who?
What is one of the oldest villains in Doctor Who?
What planet are the Daleks from?
What is the main goal of the Daleks?
Who created the Daleks?
What is the main weakness of the Daleks?
Who is the Doctor's archenemy?
What kind of creature is The Master?
Who played the Master in the 1996 TV movie of Doctor Who?
What was the Master's original name?
Who was the first actor to portray the Master?
Who played the Master in the 2007 episode "Utopia"?
In what episode did Derek Jacobi first appear as the Tenth Doctor?
In what year did the Master become a female incarnation?
What was the Time Lady's previous name?
Who played the Time Lady?
Who composed the original theme?
Where did Delia Derbyshire work?
What technique were the various parts of the theme built up using?
What season was the theme tune up to?
What did Ron Grainer ask after hearing the finished theme?
Who recorded a different arrangement for The Trial of a Time Lord?
Who recorded The Trial of a Time Lord?
Which Doctor's era did Keff McCulloch provide the new arrangement for?
Who provided a new arrangement for the return of the Doctor Who in 2005?
What episode featured a modified closing credits arrangement?
What was the name of the 2007 Christmas special?
Which radio station ranked the theme at number 228 in 2011?
In what year did Gold return as composer for Doctor Who?
What number did the theme tune chart on Classic FM's Hall of Fame?
Who was responsible for the 2010 version of the theme?
Who recorded a version of the Doctor Who theme with spoken lyrics?
What band released a disco version of the theme in 1978?
What number did the disco version of the theme reach in the UK charts in 1978?
What was the name of The Timelords 1988 single?
What was the name of The Timelords 1988 single?
Who was the most frequent Doctor Who contributor?
What was the first Doctor Who score?
During what time period did Simpson write Doctor Who?
What was the name of Dudley Simpson's 1979 Doctor Who score?
What TV show did Simpson make a cameo in?
Who performed the incidental music for the 2005 revived series?
Who performed the incidental music for the 2005 revived series?
When was the Doctor Who Prom held?
What was the name of the special mini-episode that aired on Christmas Day 2006?
Who composed the incidental music for the 2005 revived series?
How many Doctor Who soundtrack releases have been released since 2005?
Which two series were the first two featured tracks from?
What does the fourth disc contain?
What was the name of the 2010 Christmas special?
When was the soundtrack for Series 5 released?
What was reused for the 50th anniversary special "The Day of the Doctor"?
Which logo had the "DW" TARDIS insignia removed?
What is the primary logo used on all media and merchandise relating to past Doctors?
What was used for the Third Doctor's final season?
Which Doctor's logo was reused for the 50th anniversary special "The Day of the Doctor"?
What event caused the first episode of Doctor Who to air?
Where has Doctor Who always appeared?
When was the second period of high ratings for Doctor Who?
When was the "Dalekmania" period?
Which channel repeats Doctor Who episodes?
When did viewers peak at 16 million?
What was the cause of ITV's 1989 suspension?
What was ITV's most popular show at the time?
What was Coronation Street's popularity?
When was the third notable period of high ratings for The Sun?
On what channel did The Five Doctors first appear?
In what country did Silver Nemesis air?
Where did CITV air the 1996 film Silver Nemesis?
How long did it take for the 1996 film to air?
When did The Five Doctors debut?
Who first ran The Five Doctors in Australia?
What did ABC provide for the 20th anniversary special of The Five Doctors?
What ABC program aired repeats of The Five Doctors after its closure?
What did ABC do in 2003 for its 40th anniversary?
On what channel does ABC broadcast The Five Doctors?
In what year did TVOntario first air The Three Doctors?
What was the name of the first show to air on TVOntario?
What channel did The Talons of Weng-Chiang air on in 2009?
Which TVO show was cancelled due to accusations that it was racist?
Who was the writer of The Talons of Weng-Chiang?
Who recorded special video introductions for each Canadian broadcast?
What was played over the closing credits of each episode?
What episode of Doctor Who was broadcast on 26 December 2005?
When did CBC begin airing series two of Doctor Who?
On what day was the CFL double header broadcast?
In what countries can you buy a DVD of Doctor Who?
How many original series serials have been released on LaserDisc?
What episode of Doctor Who was released on VCD?
What is the name of the 1970 episode of Doctor Who released on Blu-ray?
When was the first episode of Doctor Who released on Blu-ray?
Who played the Doctor in the 1970s?
What was the name of the 1980s play by Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker?
What stage play did Terry Nation write in the late 1960s without the Doctor?
Which two 1970s shows did Martin play the Doctor?
Who played Cybermen?
What was the name of the BBC spin-off series created by Russell T Davies?
When did Torchwood first air?
When did a second series of Torchwood air?
What was the name of the third series of Torchwood?
What was the name of the fourth series of Torchwood?
Who starred in The Sarah Jane Adventures?
When did a full series of The Sarah Jane Adventures air?
When was the third series of The Sarah Jane Adventures aired?
In what year did Matt Smith appear as the Eleventh Doctor?
Why was the fifth series of The Sarah Jane Adventures delayed?
What was the name of the Doctor's charity special in 1993?
For whom was the 1993 Doctor Who special aired?
What soap opera was featured in the Dimensions in Time special?
What did the Pulfrich effect require?
What 3D effect did the special use?
What was the name of the special aired in 1999?
How many segments did the 1999 special split into?
Who was the Doctor in this special?
Along with Grant and Broadbent, who played the Doctor?
What was Steven Moffat's role in the revival of Doctor Who?
What is the name of Star Trek: The Next Generation?
Which Family Guy episodes have references to Doctor Who?
What Channel 4 show featured Vince as an avid Doctor Who fan?
What is the name of the Doctor Who fan that appears on Coupling?
What are two popular fantasy novels that reference Doctor Who?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who television story?
How long was the earliest Doctor Who audio release?
What was the name of the first original Doctor Who audio released?
In what year was State of Decay released?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who radio drama?
What were the earliest Doctor Who audios?
What was the name of the 2013 series of Doctor Who audiobooks?
Who released several different series of Doctor Who audios?
In what year was the first Doctor Who audiobook released?
When did Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor appear for Big Finish?
When did Virgin New Adventures and Virgin Missing Adventures launch?
When were the first Doctor Who books published?
How long has the Doctor Who Magazine been published?
Who is the editor of the dedicated Doctor Who Magazine?
Who published a new range of Doctor Who novels since 2005?
When was the Doctor Who character created by BBC Television?
Who created the Doctor Who character?
Who has expressed distaste for the Doctor Who stories?
Who is responsible for producing Doctor Who television episodes?
In what year did Doctor Who win the British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series?
When did the show win five consecutive National Television Awards?
In what year did Matt Smith become the first Doctor to win a BAFTA Television Award?
Who was the first female Doctor to receive a BAFTA nomination?
What award did Michelle Gomez receive for her work as Missy?
Who listed Doctor Who as the longest running science fiction television show in the world?
Which Doctor Who was honored with an Institutional Peabody in 2013?
What type of music did Doctor Who use?
In what year did the Peabody Awards recognize Doctor Who?
What was the largest ever simulcast of a TV drama?
Which season of Doctor Who won the Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best Writing in a Children's Serial?
Which Doctor Who was voted the "Best Popular Drama" the corporation had ever produced?
What place did Doctor Who place in the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century?
What magazine ranked Doctor Who first in its 2005 survey?
How many times did the 1963-1989 run of Doctor Who place in the Greatest Kids' TV Shows?
What is the highest-profile and most prestigious British television award for which the series has ever been nominated?
How many BAFTA TV Awards has Doctor Who won?
How many BAFTA Cymru Awards did the show win?
In what year was Doctor Who voted the 3rd greatest show of the 2000s?
What award did the episode "Vincent and the Doctor" win?
How many times has the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation been won by Doctor Who?
How many awards has Doctor Who been nominated for?
How many awards has Doctor Who won?
Who won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television Awards?
What was the name of the 2010 episode of Doctor Who?
Who is the comic who impersonated Dalek?
Who impersonates the Fourth Doctor in the BBC Dead Ringers series?
What does Milligan hurl at his bathroom?
What has been lampooned on Saturday Night Live?
In what series does Jon Culshaw frequently impersonate the Fourth Doctor?
What is the University of Chicago?
When was the University of Chicago established?
How many professional schools does the University of Chicago have?
How many academic research divisions does the University of Chicago have?
How many students attend the University of Chicago?
What have Chicago scholars played a major role in the development of?
Who developed the first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction?
Where was the first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction created?
What is the largest university press in the US?
What is the estimated completion date of the Barack Obama Presidential Center?
Who founded the University of Chicago?
Who was the wealthiest man in history?
Who was the first president of the University of Chicago?
When did William Rainey Harper become president of the University of Chicago?
When were the first classes held at the University of Chicago?
Who donated land for the University of Chicago?
Who donated funds for the first building of the University of Chicago?
What was the name of the first building constructed at the University of Chicago?
How much money did Marshall Field pledge to the University of Chicago?
Who was the Trustee, treasurer, and donor of Hutchinson Commons?
Who did the University of Chicago fear would hurt smaller schools?
In what year did the University of Chicago affiliate with Shimer College?
What did the University of Chicago agree to confer a degree on a graduating senior from an affiliated school?
What happened to the program in 1910?
By what year had the program passed into history?
Who was the fifth president of Northwestern University?
What was the name of the undergraduate college's liberal arts curriculum?
Why did Hutchins eliminate varsity football from Northwestern?
How long was Robert Maynard Hutchins president of Northwestern University?
In what year did Robert Maynard Hutchins become president of Northwestern?
In what decade did student applications decline in Hyde Park?
Why did student applications decline in the early 1950s?
When were students enrolled at Shimer able to transfer to the University of Chicago?
In which neighborhood did the controversial urban renewal project for Hyde Park occur?
What did the early entrant program do?
In what year did students occupy President George Beadle's office?
What was the cause of the 1962 protest at Washington University?
In what year was the Kalven Report issued?
How long was the Kalven Report?
What was the purpose of the Kalven Report?
When did the university begin a number of multimillion-dollar expansion projects?
What did the University of Chicago announce in 2008?
How much will the Milton Friedman Institute cost?
What building will the Milton Friedman Institute occupy?
Which investor donated $300 million to the Booth School of Business?
What are the first buildings of the University of Chicago campus called?
How many quadrangles make up the Main Quadrangles?
Who designed the buildings of the Main Quadrangles?
Mitchell Tower is modeled after what university building?
What does Hutchinson Hall replicate?
When did the Gothic style on campus begin to give way to modern styles?
Who designed the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle?
For what school was the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle designed?
What school is the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle currently home to?
When was the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center constructed?
Where does the Booth School of Business operate?
The Center in Paris is located on the left bank of what river?
In what year did the University of Chicago open a campus in Beijing?
What university's campus is in Beijing?
In what year did the Hong Kong campus of the University of Chicago open?
What is the University of Chicago governed by?
How many members are on the Board of Trustees?
How many Vice Presidents are there at the University of Chicago?
Who is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees at the University of Chicago?
Who is the President of the University of Chicago?
Who is the University of Chicago accredited by?
How many divisions of graduate research are there at the University of Chicago?
How many professional schools does the University of Chicago have?
How many academic majors are there at the University of Chicago?
How many minors are there at the University of Chicago?
How many divisions are there at the University of Chicago?
Which division administers interdisciplinary majors and studies which do not fit in one of the other four divisions?
What is the core curriculum of the University of Chicago called?
How many students are required to take the Common Core course in 2012-2013?
According to Uni in the USA, what type of learning experience does the University of Chicago offer?
Who said that the University of Chicago offers the most intense learning experience?
What is the name of the private day care for K-12 students?
What is the name of the residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems?
How many public charter schools are run by the Urban Education Institute?
How many public charter schools are run by the Urban Education Institute?
Where is the Hyde Park Day School located?
How many libraries does the University of Chicago Library system contain?
How many volumes does the University of Chicago Library contain?
What is the name of the university's main library?
When was the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library built?
How many volumes does the John Crerar Library contain?
How many research institutes does the University of Chicago operate?
How many research centers does the University of Chicago operate on campus?
What is the name of the museum and research center for Near Eastern studies operated by the University of Chicago?
What particle physics laboratory does Chicago have a joint stake in?
Where is the Apache Point Observatory located?
What role has the University of Chicago played in economics?
What was the name of the first self-sustained man-made nuclear reaction?
What was the name of the chemical experiment that tested how life originated on Earth?
When was REM sleep discovered at the University of Chicago?
When did the UChicago Arts program offer a doctorate in music composition?
When did the UChicago Arts program offer a master of arts in the humanities with a creative writing track?
When did the Cinema & Media studies program begin?
In what year did the theater & performance studies program begin at UChicago?
How many undergraduates enroll annually in creative and performing arts classes at UChicago?
How many students were enrolled in the fall quarter of 2014 at the University of Chicago?
How many graduate students attended the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014?
How many professional students attended the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014?
How many students attended the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014?
Who made up 19% of the student body in the 2012 Spring Quarter?
What does UAA stand for?
What division did the Maroons compete in in 1969?
What conference was the University of Chicago a founding member of?
Who was the first winner of the Heisman Trophy?
Why did the Maroons withdraw from the 1946 conference?
How many student organizations does the University of Chicago run?
What does RSOs stand for?
What is the name of the student extracurricular group at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the nation's longest continuously running student film society?
What is the name of the oldest continuously running student improvisational theater troupe at the University of Chicago?
Who are the members of Student Government?
Who is in charge of Student Government?
How many Vice Presidents are on the Executive Committee of the University of Chicago?
What is the annual budget of the University of Chicago Student Government?
How many fraternities are there at the University of Chicago?
How many sororities are there at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the community service fraternity at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the community service fraternity at the University of Chicago?
How many members of the fraternities form the University of Chicago Interfraternity Council?
When is the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt held?
Since what year has the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt been held?
What does FOTA stand for?
What is the name of the winter festival held at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the summer carnival held at the University of Chicago?
Who is Microsoft's CEO?
Who is the third richest man in America?
Who is the third richest man in America?
Which former Governor of New Jersey graduated from KU?
Who was the author of the first management accounting textbook?
Who was the founder of modern community organizing?
Which Obama campaign advisor was a top political advisor to Bill Clinton?
Which federal judge graduated from Yale University?
Who was the Governor of the Bank of Japan?
Which Prohibition agent graduated from Yale?
Who wrote 'The Closing of the American Mind'?
Which famous author and satirist graduated from Stanford University?
Who is the author of the New York Times bestseller Before I Fall?
Who wrote 'The Good War'?
Which Pulitzer Prize winning novelist graduated from Yale University?
Who is a notable minimalist composer?
What Halo developer graduated from college?
What video game series is Alex Seropian the developer of?
Which actor graduated from Yale?
Which comedian graduated from Ebert's film Life Itself?
Which astronomer was a notable contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life?
Which NASA astronaut graduated from college?
Which environmentalist graduated from Washington University?
Which Lithium-ion battery developer graduated from college?
Which geochemist developed the uranium-lead dating method?
Which economist was a major advisor to Reagan and Thatcher?
Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences?
Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences?
Which graduate of the University of Kansas is known for his work on portfolio theory?
Which anthropologists discovered the fossil of Lucy?
What chess grandmaster graduated from Washington University?
Who was the White House Coordinator of Security Planning for the National Security Council?
Who invented the speed of light calculator?
Who created the Compton Effect?
Who created the first nuclear reactor?
Who is one of the most brilliant and productive experimental physicists of the twentieth century?
Who is the second female Nobel Prize winner?
Which Egyptologist has been a faculty member at KU?
Which mathematician has been a faculty member at KU?
Which meteorologist has been a faculty member at Northwestern?
Which Nobel Prize winner was a professor at Northwestern?
Which cancer researchers have been professors at Northwestern?
Who is the current governor of India's central bank?
Hank Paulson is a former CEO of what company?
Who is a Shakespeare scholar at Northwestern University?
Who are two well known political scientists?
Which paleontologists are part of the faculty at Northwestern?
What is the pinyin for the Yuan dynasty?
What was the official name of the Yuan dynasty?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
When did Kublai Khan officially proclaim the Yuan dynasty?
What empire was the Yuan dynasty a successor to?
What dynasty preceded the Yuan dynasty?
What dynasty preceded the Yuan dynasty?
Who was the founder of the Yuan dynasty?
When did Kublai Khan establish the Yuan dynasty?
Where is the sentence "Dà Yuán" found?
What is another name for the Yuan?
What does Yeke Mongghul Ulus mean in Mongolian?
Who did Yuan emperors hold?
Who did Genghis Khan unite?
In what year did Genghis Khan become Great Khan?
Who was the third son of Genghis Khan?
When did Möngke Khan become Great Khan?
Who was Kublai?
Who did many Han Chinese and Khitan defect to the Mongols?
Who commanded the 3 Khitan Tumens?
Who commanded the 3 Tumens in the Mongol army?
How many troops were in each Tumen?
How many Khitan Tumens did Shi Tianxiang command?
What ethnicity was Shi Tianze?
When did Shi Tianze live?
What type of marriage became common during the Jin dynasty?
Who was Shi Tianze's father?
Who did Chagaan and Rou jointly launch an attack on?
Who started a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty?
Where did Möngke Khan begin his military campaign?
When did Möngke Khan die?
Who challenged Kublai's claim to the throne?
What was Kublai's Chinese era name?
Who was Kaidu's grandson?
In what part of Korea did the Song dynasty remain an obstacle?
Who was the ruler of Korea in 1259?
What border did Kublai secure in 1259?
When did Li Tan rebel against Mongol rule?
What were the goals of Kublai's government?
What structure did Kublai leave unchanged?
Who was the lowest rank in Kublai's government?
How many classes did Yuan society have?
What monopolies did Kublai maintain?
Where was the Mongol capital previously located?
What was the Mongol capital moved to in 1264?
When did Kublai move the Mongol capital to Khanbaliq?
What was the former Jurchen capital?
What rituals did Kublai follow?
What types of growth did Kublai Khan promote?
What is Pax Mongolica?
Where did the Grand Canal begin?
Where did Kublai Khan expand the Grand Canal?
Who wrote the most influential European account of Yuan China?
Who invited Kong Duanyou to return to Quzhou?
When did the Jin dynasty begin?
When did the Jin dynasty end?
Who did the Jin dynasty appoint as Duke Yansheng?
How many Confucius descendants lived in Quzhou?
Where did Kublai strengthen his government?
When did Kublai siege Xiangyang?
What river did Kublai hope to capture?
What was the Song capital?
What happened to the last Song emperor?
When did Kublai's government face financial difficulties?
Why did Kublai's second invasion of Japan fail?
Who did the Tran dynasty rule?
At what battle did the Tran dynasty defeat the Mongols?
When did the Battle of Bạch Đằng take place?
When did the Yuan conquer Dali?
Who did Kublai name as the Crown Prince?
When did Zhenjin die?
What was another name for Temür Khan?
When did Temür Khan rule?
Who was the fourth Yuan emperor?
What was Buyantu Khan the first Yuan emperor to do?
Who mentored Buyantu Khan?
What did Buyantu Khan liquidate?
When were traditional imperial examinations reintroduced for prospective officials?
Who was the emperor of the Yuan dynasty?
When did Emperor Gegeen Khan rule?
Who helped Emperor Gegeen Khan reform the government?
What does Da Yuan Tong Zhi mean?
How many princes were involved in the assassination of Emperor Gegeen Khan?
Where did Yesn Temür die?
What was the civil war against Ragibagh called?
How long did Kusala die?
Who purged pro-Kusala officials?
Who won the war against Ragibagh?
What is Tugh Temür known for instead of bureaucracy?
What Chinese school did Tugh Temür help found?
When was the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature established?
What was the name of the institutional compendium created by the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature?
What did Tugh Temür do?
When did Tugh Temür die?
What was Rinchinbal's title?
How old was Toghun Temür when he died?
How many successors did Kublai Khan have?
What dynasties did Toghtogha finish in 1345?
What were the final years of the Yuan dynasty marked by?
Why did the Mongols dislike Kublai Khan?
Who were the Yuan emperors separated from?
What happened to China during the Yuan dynasty?
What did the Yuan seem uninterested in?
When did natural disasters occur in the countryside?
What started and grew into a nationwide uprising in 1351?
Why did Toghun Temür dismiss Toghtogha?
Who did Toghtogha crush in 1354?
When was the Míng dynasty?
What promoted trade between East and West?
What produced a fair amount of cultural exchange?
Who was the ally of the Yuan dynasty?
What Eastern crops were introduced during the Yuan dynasty?
What type of musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts?
What religions enjoyed toleration during this period?
What religion was persecuted by the Yuan government?
What governmental practices were reinstated by the Yuan court?
What fields were advanced during this period?
Who was the most famous traveler of the period?
Where was the capital of the Great Khan?
What is another name for Il milione?
What was the name of Marco Polo's trip to China?
How did Marco Polo acquire much of his knowledge?
Who was an astronomer in the Yuan?
What was the accuracy of the lunisolar calendar?
What did the Yuan build to protect against famines?
What city became the terminus of the Grand Canal of China?
What major food crop was introduced to China during the Yuan period?
Who ruled all of China during the Yuan dynasty?
What do Mongols worship?
Along with the Ming dynasty, what dynasty did the Yuan dynasty belong to?
Who overthrew the Yuan dynasty?
What did Chinese people view the Yuan dynasty as?
What cultures were in Kublai Khan's government?
Where did the Chinese-style elements of the Yuan government come from?
Who gave strong influence to Kublai's early court?
What type of division of authority did the Yuan government adopt?
What offices did Kublai Khan's government use the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority for?
Where did the military authority in Yuan times reside?
When were the Six Ministries introduced?
Who had separate courts of justice in the Yuan?
What was the official name of the Yuan government?
When was the Phags-pa script invented?
What languages did the Phags-pa script contain?
How did most of the Yuan Emperors speak Chinese?
Who was Emperor Wenzong?
Who was Tugh Temur?
In what year were commoners selling their children into slavery?
When did Kublai ban the sale of Mongols?
What did the Yuan garrison family get from farming?
What were the arts of the Yuan era?
What arts did the Yuan era bring together?
Which dynasty was linked to the Yuan dynasty?
What was the main development of Yuan poetry?
What variety show was one of the key factors in the Yuan era?
What khanates did the Yuan dynasty not convert to Islam?
What religion did Kublai Khan favor?
What was the de facto state religion of the Yuan dynasty?
What was the top-level department and government agency of the Yuan dynasty?
What sect of Tibetan Buddhism did Kublai Khan prefer?
When was Zhu Shijie born?
When did Zhu Shijie die?
What did Zhu Shijie's method of elimination compare to?
Advances in what subject were made by mathematicians during the Yuan era?
When was the Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns written?
What did Guo Shoujing do?
What did Gou derive for his astronomical calculations?
What was the name of Guo Shoujing's calendar?
What is another name for Shoushi Li?
When was the Shoushi Li created?
What type of physicians were otachi?
What did the Mongols characterize otachi doctors as using?
What were otachi doctors' herbal remedies different from?
What organization was created by Kublai?
Why were Confucian scholars attracted to the medical profession?
How many schools did the Yuan have?
When did the Yuan inherit the Four Great Schools?
How did Chinese medicine spread to other parts of the empire?
What Chinese medical techniques were transmitted to the Middle East and the rest of the empire?
When did Wei Yilin die?
What is another name for huihui?
Who founded the Office of Western Medicine?
When was the Office of Western Medicine founded?
Why did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine?
What philosophies did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine?
How was Chinese printing technology transferred to the Mongols?
Who created Nong Shu?
When was the earthenware movable type invented?
Who was the Taoist text inscribed with?
When was the Imperial Library Directorate created?
What is the name of the paper money of the Yuan?
What were the chao made from?
When did the Yuan switch to bronze plates?
What did the Yuan use to print paper money?
When did the Il-khanate government issue paper money?
Kublai Khan's government was the product of a compromise between what type of government?
Kublai Khan's government was a compromise between Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and what?
Who were the Mongols and Semuren?
What color was given to the Yuan regime?
Where did Persians reach the highest position in the Yuan dynasty?
Who did the Mongols import to serve as administrators in China?
Who did the Mongols send to China?
Where were Han Chinese sent by the Mongols?
What were the Han Chinese employed as in Besh Baliq and Samarqand?
Who was the Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand?
What did the Yuan Emperors do that discriminated against Muslims?
What practice did the Yuan Emperors ban for Jews?
Who was the Ming founder?
What could the Chinese surname "barracks" also mean?
Who revolted against the Yuan dynasty in the Ispah Rebellion?
Who wrote that the term "social classes" was misleading?
According to Frederick W. Mote, the position of people within the four-class system entailed what?
What class were Mongol and Semu?
Why did Mongol and Semu live in poverty?
Which Chinese were ranked higher?
Which Chinese fought to the last before caving in?
Why were the Southern Chinese ranked lower?
Why were people placed in a certain class?
Major commerce during this era gave rise to favorable conditions for what?
Who did the Mongols place at the court of Qocho?
Who was the Uighur King of Qocho ranked higher than?
Who did Kublai Khan rebuk?
Did the Uighurs surrender peacefully?
What was the most important region of the Qing dynasty?
Who ran the Central Region?
Where was the Central Secretariat located?
Where is Khanbaliq located?
What is another name for the Central Secretariat?
Where is Kenya located?
What does EAC stand for?
What is the capital of Kenya?
What country borders Kenya on the south?
What is the population of Kenya in July 2014?
What type of climate does Kenya have?
What is the climate like in the savannah grasslands of Kenya?
What mountain in Kenya has snow permanently on its peaks?
What countries border Kenya?
What is Kenya known for?
When did humans first inhabit the African Great Lakes region?
When did the Bantu expansion begin?
What populations make up 97% of the population in Kenya?
When did European exploration of the interior begin?
When did Kenya gain independence?
What is the Republic of Kenya named after?
What words mean "God's resting place" in all three languages?
What does Kiinyaa mean?
What did Ludwig Krapf record the name as?
What do some people think of the pronunciation of the name?
Who drew a map in 1882?
When did Joseph Thompsons map indicate Mt. Kenya as Mt. Kenia?
What are the lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, elephant and elephant called in Africa?
What are the "Big Five" game animals in Africa?
Where are the "Big Five" game animals in Africa?
When does the annual animal migration occur?
How far do the two million wildebeest migrate each year?
How long ago did primates roamed the area in Kenya?
When did hominids live in Kenya?
Which paleoanthropologist discovered the Turkana Boy?
How old was the Turkana Boy fossil?
Who were responsible for the preliminary research at Olorgesailie and Hyrax Hill?
Who built Mombasa into a major port city?
What city did Swahili build into a major port city?
Which Portuguese voyager claimed that Mombasa is a place of great traffic and great ships?
Which coast has played host to many merchants and explorers?
What is the name of the city along the Kenyan coast?
When did Malindi become an important Swahili settlement?
When was the start of World War I?
Who agreed to a truce at the start of World War I?
Who took command of the German military forces?
What did von Lettow-Vorbeck do?
Where did von Lettow-Vorbeck surrender?
Where did the Kikuyu live?
How did the Kikuyu live?
What did the settlers do to protect their interests?
How many white settlers lived in Kenya in the 1950s?
When was Warũhiũ Itote captured?
What was the result of the capture of Warũhiũ Itote?
When did Operation Anvil open?
How many Mau Mau were killed by Operation Anvil?
What was the Swynnerton Plan?
When did the first direct elections for Legislative Council take place?
Who formed the government in 1957?
When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya each end?
When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya each end?
What was the name of Kenya when it became a republic?
What is the mlolongo system?
What did the introduction of the mlolongo system lead to?
Who won re-election in 1992 and 1997?
What type of republic is Kenya?
What positions does the President hold in Kenya?
How is executive power exercised in Kenya?
Who has Legislative power in Kenya?
What body is independent of the executive and legislature?
Where does Kenya rank on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index?
What is the purpose of the CPI?
Where did Kenya rank on the CPI in 2012?
What is the EACC?
What party did Kibaki belong to?
What opposition party did Kibaki run against?
What happened as the ECK counted the votes?
Who declared himself the "people's president"?
What have government and civil society organizations started since the election riots?
What organization started community dialogues?
What church in Kenya started peace meetings?
What did Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya start?
When did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement?
What would Odinga become in the new government?
Who would the president appoint cabinet ministers from?
How many cabinet ministers would the president appoint?
How long would the coalition government last?
What is the new office of the PM?
Who brought the former rivals to the signing ceremony?
Where was the signing ceremony held?
When did the negotiations begin between the PNU and ODM?
What was the grand coalition?
What would a constitutional change do?
When was the referendum to vote on the proposed constitution held?
What did the new constitution do?
When was the new constitution promulgated?
What was the new constitution heralding?
When was the Security Laws Amendment Bill signed?
What was the Security Laws Amendment Bill supposed to do?
Who criticized the security bill?
What did Western countries feel about the security bill?
Which countries issued a statement about the security bill?
What happened in 2013?
Who was the first US president to visit Kenya while in office?
What country did President Kenyatta visit in 2013?
When did Obama visit Kenya?
Where are the armed forces deployed?
What happened to the national elections of December 2007?
What have there been serious allegations of?
What government institution has been tainted by corruption allegations?
Why has the armed forces been tainted by corruption allegations?
What happened in 2010?
What has been questioned in recent times?
What is the HDI score of Kenya?
What country has the most advanced economy in east and central Africa?
How much did 17.7% of Kenyans live on in 2005?
What is Kenya usually classified as?
What has boosted East and Central Africa's service sector?
What is an important catalyst of economic growth?
Which sector accounts for 16% of the economy?
What percentage of the economy does the agricultural sector employ?
What percentage of GDP does Kenya's services sector contribute?
What is the largest foreign exchange earning sector in Kenya?
What has the tourism sector experienced in most years since independence?
Tourists from Germany and the United Kingdom are mainly attracted to what?
What countries attract the largest number of tourists to Kenya?
How much of Kenya's GDP was agriculture in 2005?
What are the principal cash crops of Kenya?
What is the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product?
What is a major problem with the production of corn in Kenya?
What group has had success in helping farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties?
Why can pigeon pea be grown in areas with less than 650 mm annual rainfall?
How did successful projects encourage the commercialization of legumes?
How did the ICRISAT link producers to wholesalers?
What has the commercialization of pigeon pea done for farmers?
Where are tea, coffee, sisal, pyrethrum, corn, and wheat grown?
What crops are grown in the highlands of Kenya?
Where does livestock primarily grow in Kenya?
What percentage of the population lives below the poverty line?
What is the name of the Red Cross initiative in Kenya?
What is the most industrially developed country in the African Great Lakes region?
What percentage of the GDP does manufacturing account for?
What are the three largest urban centers in Kenya?
What is Jua Kali?
What has given a boost to manufacturing in recent years?
When did the AGOA take effect?
Where does the majority of Kenya's electricity come from?
What dams provide most of Kenya's electricity?
When was the Kenya Electricity Generating Company established?
Where has Kenya found deposits of oil?
What is Tullow Oil's estimate of Kenya's oil reserves?
What is continuing to determine if there are more reserves in Kenya?
How much of the national import bill does petroleum account for?
How much did China invest in Kenya in 2013?
What does China's investment in Kenya represent?
What did Kenyatta hope to gain from China?
What company shipped the first consignment of minerals to China?
What problems has China been causing?
What economic development programme did the Kenyan government unveil in 2007?
What is Vision 2030?
What did Kenya launch in 2013?
Why did Kenya launch a National Climate Change Action Plan?
What did the Secretary of the Ministry of Planning, National Development and Vision 2030 say in 2013?
Where do most working children in Kenya work?
How many girls in Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution in 2006?
How old are most prostitutes in Kenya?
What are the causes of child labour in Kenya?
Do all ethnic groups speak their mother tongues?
What are the two official languages of Kenya?
When is English widely spoken in Kenya?
Where is British English primarily used?
What religion do most Kenyans identify with?
What religion do 47.7% of Kenyans identify with?
How many followers does the Presbyterian Church of East Africa have in Kenya?
Where is the only Jewish synagogue in Kenya?
What percentage of Kenya's population is nonreligious?
What percentage of the population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region?
What religion do Western areas of Kenya have?
How many Hindu people live in Kenya?
Who treats 80% of the population in rural areas?
Who are cases of serious health issues referred to?
How many qualified nurses were registered in Kenya in 2011?
How many doctors are registered in Kenya?
What directly correlates with a country's economic performance and wealth distribution?
How many Kenyans live below the poverty level?
What are the biggest burden of poverty in Kenya?
What are some of the reasons for poor health care in Kenya?
How many cases of malaria were there in 2006?
Who introduced Kenya's first system of education?
When was Kenya's independence?
What was the name of the commission that was formed after Kenya's independence?
What was the focus of the Ominde Commission?
When did the Ominde Commission introduce the 7-4-2-3 system?
What was the Presidential Working Party on the Second University commissioned to do?
What did the Presidential Working Party on the Second University recommend?
What did the Presidential Working Party on the Second University recommend?
When did the last batch of students from the former system graduate from Kenya Universities?
When was the 8-4-4 system launched?
What did the 8-4-4 system put more emphasis on?
Why did the 8-4-4 system put more emphasis on vocational subjects?
When did the Government of Kenya announce the introduction of free primary education?
How much has primary school enrolment increased?
When does basic formal education start in Guinea-Bissau?
How many years does basic formal education last?
What can one do to enter secondary school?
What can a student do after high school?
What percentage of the population is literate?
What age does Preschool target?
What is Preschool?
Who does the KCPE determine?
What does KCPE stand for?
What does KNLS stand for?
What is the KNLS mission?
What is a public library seen as?
Why is a public library seen as a university?
What are some sports Kenya is active in?
What is Kenya known for?
Who continues to dominate the world of distance running?
What countries have reduced Kenya's dominance in distance running?
How many medals did Kenya win in the Beijing Olympics?
What title did Kenya hold in 2008?
What prize did Jelimo win?
What has caused controversy in Kenyan athletics?
Why do most of the defections occur?
What sport has Kenya been a dominant force in?
What is the most successful team sport in Kenya?
When did Kenya reach the semi-finals of the Cricket World Cup?
Who is the current captain of the Kenya women's cricket team?
When was FIFA's suspension lifted?
What is one of the toughest rallies in the world?
What is the Safari Rally commonly acknowledged as?
Who are some of the best rally drivers in the world?
How many meals do Kenyans typically have?
What is the tea called in Kenya?
What is the typical breakfast fare in Kenya?
What is eaten by most of the population for lunch or supper?
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is under the auspices of what organization?
Who established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?
What is the goal of the UNFCCC?
What is the main international treaty on climate change?
What UN resolution endorsed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?
Who is the chair of the IPCC?
What nationality is Hoesung Lee?
Who is Hoesung Lee's vice-chair?
Who was the last chair of the IPCC?
When did Rajendra K. Pachauri resign?
Who is the IPCC Panel composed of?
How many government officials and climate change experts attended the 2003 meeting?
Who attended the 2003 meeting?
How many of the attendees were from governmental organizations?
When was the Trust Fund established?
Who established the Trust Fund?
Who established the Trust Fund?
What is the WMO required to comply with?
What does WMO stand for?
Does the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change conduct research?
What do the lead authors of the IPCC report assess?
What sources are referred to as "grey literature"?
What are examples of non-peer-reviewed sources?
How many coordinating lead authors are there in a chapter?
How many lead authors are there in a chapter?
How many contributing authors are there in a chapter?
Who is responsible for assembling the contributions of the other authors?
Who do the coordinating lead authors report to?
What does the WG I Summary for Policymakers say emissions from human activities are doing to the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases?
What does the WG I Summary for Policymakers say emissions resulting from human activities are likely to result in on average?
The WG I Summary for Policymakers calculate with certainty that CO2 has been responsible for how much of the enhanced greenhouse effect?
What scenario do the WG I Summary for Policymakers predict will cause global mean temperature to increase by about 0.3 degrees per decade?
What has global mean surface air temperature done over the last 100 years?
In what year did 16 national science academies issue a joint statement on climate change?
Who issued a joint statement on climate change in 2001?
What is the name of the Australian Academy of Science?
According to the TAR, what percentage of certainty is there that temperatures will continue to rise?
The TAR stated that temperatures were projected to increase by what amount by 2100?
Who is the IPCC author?
What did Lindzen say about the WGI Summary for Policymakers?
Who was a co-chair of TAR WGI?
Who was John Houghton?
According to Houghton, any changes to the SPM must be supported by what?
What is the preparation and approval process for all IPCC Special Reports?
In what year were two Special Reports finalized?
In what year were two Special Reports finalized?
Why were the Special Reports on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation finalized?
What other activities does the IPCC support?
What are factors used to derive emissions estimates based on?
What are the default emission factors used to derive emissions estimates?
Who does the IPCC work with on resolutions and decisions?
What did the IPCC acknowledge was incorrect in its final summary?
What did the IPCC express regret for?
The date of 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC from what?
What was the source of the ICSI report?
What is Robert Watson's position?
What did former IPCC chairman Robert Watson say the mistakes all appear to have gone in the direction of?
What position did Martin Parry hold before becoming a climate expert?
What did Martin Parry say had become a clamour without substance?
What did Parry say the other alleged mistakes were?
In what year was the "hockey stick graph" created?
Who created the "hockey stick graph"?
What is the graph labeled "Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction" referred to as?
Which reconstructions supported the MBH99 finding?
When was the current warming period shown to be exceptional in comparison to temperatures?
Who held a press event on Capitol Hill in 2000?
Where did Fred Singer hold a press event in May 2000?
On what date did the United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation hear arguments against the graph?
At what hearing did Wibjörn Karlén and Fred Singer argue against the graph?
Who was the chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce in 2005?
Who was the chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce?
When did Barton write his letter to Whitfield?
Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee?
Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee?
When was the third Assessment Report published?
When was the AR4 published?
How many reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer?
What problem was discussed in the section on the Medieval Warm Period?
How many reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer?
On what date was a study published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates proposed during the last IPCC report?
What did a study published on February 1, 2007 suggest?
What was the actual temperature rise in the six years studied?
What was the actual sea level rise of the study?
What is one example of scientific research which suggests that previous estimates by the IPCC have actually understated risks?
What is the projected rise in sea levels in 2100?
What is the projected rise in sea levels in 2100?
When was the Third Assessment Report published?
What was Michael Oppenheimer's role in the Fifth Assessment Report?
Who published Michael Oppenheimer's State of the Planet 2008-2009?
What did Oppenheimer ask for instead of the large scale approach?
What did the Ozone depletion global regulation based on?
The Kyoto Protocol was successful in the case of what?
Who still follow different, if not opposing goals?
Who compared the ozone depletion case to global warming?
What remains an unsolved problem in the Kyoto Protocol?
The stepwise mitigation of the ozone layer challenge was based on successfully reducing what?
Who ordered the Stern Review?
Who does the IPCC work on the basis of?
What cannot be included in an IPCC report prior to its final release?
Who does not carry out its own research?
How many climate scientists wrote in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC?
In what journal did five climate scientists write in February 2010?
What did the five climate scientists suggest changing the organizational structure of the IPCC?
What should be done to the panel to avoid political interference?
What is the main function of chloroplasts?
What does chlorophyll capture from sunlight?
What does chlorophyll capture from sunlight?
What is the process in which chloroplasts make organic molecules from carbon dioxide called?
How many chloroplasts are in algae?
How do chloroplasts reproduce?
What influences the behavior of chloroplasts?
How do chloroplasts differ from mitochondria?
What was the ancestor of chloroplasts?
How can chloroplasts be made by a plant cell?
Where are chloroplasts found?
What nationality was Konstantin Mereschkowski?
What was Konstantin Mereschkowski's profession?
In what year did Konstantin Mereschkowski first suggest the origin of chloroplasts?
Who discovered that chloroplasts resemble cyanobacteria?
What are the ancestors of chloroplasts?
What are cyanobacteria called?
What makes Cyanobacteria gram-negative?
What type of cell wall does Cyanobacteria have?
What are Cyanobacteria sometimes called?
What type of cell did the cyanobacterium enter?
When did a free-living cyanobacterium enter an eukaryotic cell?
What surrounds all chloroplasts?
What membrane was lost by the cyanobacterium?
What happened to the cyanobacterium after it was assimilated?
What does "plastid" mean?
How many chloroplast lineages are there?
What is another name for the chloroplastidan?
What is the largest lineage of chloroplasts?
Which lineage contains land plants?
What is the smallest of the three primary chloroplast lineages?
What is one of the first organisms to contain a chloroplast?
What are muroplasts?
What do thylakoids surround?
What shape is the carboxysome of glaucophyte chloroplasts?
What are the photosynthetic pigments of Rhodoplasts?
What are phycobilin pigments organized into on thylakoid membranes?
What is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color?
What does the red phycoerytherin pigment help red algae do?
What does floridean consist of?
What do chloroplastidan chloroplasts lose?
Why are some green chloroplasts not green?
What have chloroplastidan chloroplasts lost between their double membrane?
What have some plants used the genes for the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer?
What do chloroplastidan chloroplasts contain instead of phycobilisomes?
What type of membrane do primary chloroplasts have?
What do secondary chloroplasts have?
What caused the secondary endosymbiotic event?
What are the two cyanobacterial membranes?
What did the engulfed alga leave behind?
What do euglenophytes contain?
What type of protists are euglenophytes?
How are pyrenoid and thylakoids arranged in euglenophyte chloroplasts?
What is stored in paramylon in the form of paramylon?
What is thought to have been lost in Euglenophyte chloroplasts?
What is another name for cryptophytes?
What kind of chloroplast are cryptophytes?
What does cryptophyte chloroplasts contain that resembles that of chlorarachniophytes?
Where is ordinary starch stored?
How many pyrenoid and thylakoids are in cryptophyte chloroplasts?
What group of chromalveolates are apicomplexans similar to?
Apicomplexans are another group of what?
What is Plasmodium?
What do many apicomplexans keep?
Where do apicomplexans store their energy?
What do apicoplasts synthesize?
What is the apicoplast an attractive target for drugs to cure?
What is the most important apicoplast function?
What do apicoplasts lack?
How many membranes are typical of apicoplasts?
What is not found in any other group of chloroplasts?
What is the most common dinophyte chloroplast?
What type of thylakoids are found in the peridinin chloroplast?
What has the peridinin chloroplast lost?
What lineages lost their original red algal derived chloroplast?
What lineages lost their original red algal derived chloroplast?
How many membranes does the haptophyte chloroplast have?
What would tertiary endosymbiosis create?
Where was the phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from?
What has the chloroplast been stripped of?
What type of chloroplast does Dinophysis have?
What does the chloroplast leave?
What is another term for a diatom?
What kind of chloroplast do some dinophytes have?
How many membranes are chloroplasts bounded by?
How many membranes are in a chloroplast?
Where is starch found in diatom endosymbiont?
Where have nucleomorph genes been transferred to?
What is the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage?
What did Lepidodinium viride lose?
What did Lepidodinium viride replace its original peridinin chloroplast with?
What did Lepidodinium viride replace its original peridinin chloroplast with?
Where do most chloroplasts originate from?
What did Paulinella chromatophora do?
How many base pairs long is Chromatophore DNA?
How many protein encoding genes does Chromatophore contain?
How many base pairs does the Synechococcus genome contain?
What are chloroplasts' own DNA abbreviated as?
What is another name for the plastome?
When was the plastome first discovered?
When was the plastome first sequenced?
Who sequenced the chloroplast DNA of liverwort and tobacco?
What are highly conserved among land plants?
What have some chloroplast DNAs since lost or flipped the inverted repeats?
What do inverted repeats help do?
What method has been used to observe chloroplast replication?
How many main models of chloroplast DNA replication have been proposed?
What does the D-loop adopt as it moves through circular DNA?
What is a theta intermediary form also known as?
How does the D-loop complete replication?
What type of gradients are present in cpDNA?
When does DNA become susceptible to deamination events?
A second theory suggests that most cpDNA is what kind of DNA?
A second theory suggests that most cpDNA replicates through what?
How is the genetic material kept in circular chromosomes?
What is the replication structure of a plant similar to?
What type of DNA is most of the competing model for cpDNA replication?
What shape of DNA is most likely to replicate with a D loop mechanism?
How do most plants replicate?
How do we know about the lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages?
What does the presence of green algal genes in the nucleus provide evidence for?
What do diatoms now have?
What did the ancestor of all chromalveolates have?
What did most of the chloroplast genes become?
How many of the transferred genes aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast?
What new functions did exaptations take on?
What does a secondary plastid have to cross to reach the chloroplast?
Where is a chloroplast polypeptide synthesized?
Where is a chloroplast polypeptide synthesized?
What does phosphorylation do?
Why does phosphorylation help bind polypeptide?
What shape are chloroplasts in land plants?
How large are chloroplasts in land plants?
How thick are chloroplasts in land plants?
What is Oedogonium's chloroplast shaped like?
Chlamydomonas have what shape of chloroplast?
What are chloroplasts surrounded by?
What is the outer chloroplast membrane believed to be?
What are the outer and inner chloroplast membranes considered to be?
What is the chloroplast double membrane often compared to?
What is the inner mitochondria membrane used for?
What does the inner mitochondria membrane do?
What is the only chloroplast structure that can be considered analogous to it?
Which membrane regulates metabolite passage and synthesizes some materials?
What are very rare in chloroplasts?
What is a stromule?
Why may stromules exist?
When were stromules first observed?
Where is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum found?
Where has the chloroplast peripheral reticulum been found?
What consists of a maze of membranous tubes and vesicles continuous with the inner chloroplast membrane?
What is the purpose of the chloroplast peripheral reticulum?
Vesicles in the peripheral reticulum shuttle stuff between what?
What do chloroplasts use their ribosomes for?
What is the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes?
What is the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes?
What do small subunit ribosomal RNAs in several chlorophyta and euglenid chloroplasts lack?
What is shine-dalgarno sequence recognition?
What is another name for plastoglobuli?
What are plastoglobuli?
Plastoglobuli are spherical bubbles of what?
How big are plastoglobuli?
What are plastoglobuli surrounded by?
Where are plastoglobuli permanently attached?
What does a plastoglobulus exchange its contents with?
How do plastoglobuli occur in normal green chloroplasts?
Where do plastoglobuli occur in linked groups or chains?
What are pyrenoids?
What shape are pyrenoids?
What type of bodies are pyrenoids?
What do pyrenoids accumulate in plants that contain them?
What are two ways pyrenoids can be formed?
What model has a stack of flattened circular granal thylakoids?
What shape are the thylakoids in a grana?
How many thylakoids are in a grana?
How many thylakoids are common in a grana?
What are thylakoids wrapped around grana?
What do chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb?
What do chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb?
What do molecules in photosystem II and photosystem I use light energy for?
What do electrons in the thylakoid membrane do?
What is ATP synthase similar to?
How many types of thylakoids are there?
How are granal thylakoids arranged?
What are stromal thylakoids?
What shape are granal thylakoids?
How big are the disks of granal thylakoids?
How many photosynthetic carotenoids exist?
What do photosynthetic carotenoids do?
What is a drawback of photosynthetic carotenoids?
What is β-carotene?
What is a notable Xanthophylls carotenoid?
What are phycobilins?
What color is glaucophyte?
What color do phycoerytherin pigments make?
What do phycobilins organize into?
How large are phycobilins?
What do chloroplasts use to fix carbon dioxide into sugar molecules?
Why does rubisco have a problem?
What happens when rubisco has trouble distinguishing carbon dioxide and oxygen?
What cycle uses rubisco?
What is wasted when rubisco accidentally adds oxygen to sugar precursors?
What are chloroplasts in mesophyll cells specialized for?
What do bundle sheath chloroplasts lack?
What do bundle sheath chloroplasts have to make ATP and NADPH?
What does C4 photosynthesis consist of?
What is the job of bundle sheath chloroplasts?
What parts of a plant are chloroplasts?
What makes a plant green?
What are the cells of a plant that contain chloroplasts called?
Where can chloroplasts be found in plants?
What is a chlorenchyma cell?
Where are chloroplasts found in cacti?
Where are chloroplasts found in most cacti?
How many chloroplasts are found in stomatal guard cells?
How many chloroplasts can one square millimeter of leaf tissue contain?
Where are chloroplasts found in a leaf?
When will chloroplasts spread out in a sheet?
When will chloroplasts seek shelter?
What type of damage do vertical columns protect chloroplasts from?
Why do plants have many small chloroplasts?
What has been observed to follow chloroplasts as they move?
How many main immune responses do plants have?
What is the hypersensitive response?
What is systemic acquired resistance?
How do chloroplasts stimulate both immune responses?
What do chloroplasts produce that causes the hypersensitive response?
What molecules do chloroplasts produce after detecting stress in a cell?
When do chloroplasts begin producing molecules?
What do reactive oxygen species do with their cellular signals?
What is retrograde signaling?
What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy?
What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy?
What does photosynthesis produce?
What are used in photosynthesis?
What is made using light energy?
How do chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient?
Where do the hydrogen ions in the photosystems pump?
How many hydrogen ions are inside the thylakoid system than in the stroma?
What does ATP synthase use the energy from the flowing hydrogen ions to do?
What does ATP synthase phosphorylate adenosine diphosphate into?
What are reenergized electrons taken by?
What is it called when electrons are recycled?
Where is cyclic photophosphorylation common?
What does cyclic photophosphorylation need in C4 plants?
What starts by using Rubisco to fix CO2 into five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate?
What is the result of the Calvin cycle?
What do the six-carbon molecules break down into?
How many G3P molecules leave the Calvin cycle?
What can be used to make starch?
Under what conditions can starch grains grow very large?
What effect does high atmospheric CO2 have on the growth of starch grains?
What causes starch buildup in chloroplasts?
What is a side effect of low photosynthesis rates?
What can Rubisco accidentally do?
When can photorespiration occur?
How does Rubisco reduce the efficiency of photosynthesis?
How much carbon can Rubisco waste?
Why are chloroplasts notable in C4 plants?
Where do chloroplasts make most of a plant cell's amino acids?
What are the only sulfur-containing amino acids in a plant cell?
Why is Cysteine synthesized in the cytosol and mitochondria?
What is uncertain about the chloroplast?
What is a special type of a plant cell organelle called a plastid?
What are all chloroplasts in a plant descended from?
Where are proplastids found?
What is more common with chloroplasts?
What happens if angiosperm shoots are not exposed to enough light for chloroplast formation?
What is an etioplast?
What is the inner membrane of an etioplast?
What kind of precursor does an etioplast have?
What type of annelids do not require light to form chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts can be converted to what?
What are chromoplasts?
Chloroplasts can be converted to what?
Chloroplasts can be converted to what?
What can become proplastids if a plant is injured?
FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 assemble into what?
FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 are what?
What does ARC6 form?
Where does the Z-ring form?
What controls the placement of the Z-ring?
What are PD rings?
How many plastid-dividing rings form?
How wide are the filaments in the outer plastid-dividing ring?
How far apart are the filaments in the outer plastid-dividing ring?
What happens to the third plastid-dividing ring?
What has been shown to be a requirement for chloroplast division?
What do chloroplasts need to be exposed to to complete division?
What shape of chloroplasts do Spinach leaves have?
What causes chloroplasts to slow to division?
Why are chloroplasts not inherited from their male parent?
What does plastid transformation lower?
What is the failure rate of transplastomic plants?
What type of plants have failed containment rates?
A prime number greater than 1 has no positive divisors other than 1 and what else?
What is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number called?
What establishes the central role of primes in number theory?
What can any integer greater than 1 be expressed as?
Why does the uniqueness in this theorem require excluding 1 as a prime?
What is the property of being prime?
What is a simple but slow method of verifying the primality of a given number?
Which test is fast but has a small probability of error?
Which test is too slow to be practical?
What is the largest known prime number?
How many primes are there?
Who demonstrated that there are infinitely many primes?
What is the distribution of primes in the large?
What is the first result in that direction?
When was the prime number theorem proven?
What conjecture states that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes?
What conjecture states that there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2?
What aspects of numbers did number theory focus on?
What is an example of a routine that uses primes?
What is an example of a generalization of prime numbers?
Any number greater than 2 has at least three distinct divisors, namely what?
What are three distinct divisors that a number greater than 2 has?
What term refers to any prime number greater than 2?
All prime numbers larger than 5 end in what number?
What are multiples of 2?
In the 19th century, many mathematicians still considered what number to be a number?
Who listed 1 as the first prime?
Who did Christian Goldbach disagree with?
What was Derrick Norman Lehmer's list of primes up to?
By the early 20th century, mathematicians began to accept that 1 is not a prime number but rather forms what?
What statement would not be valid when calling 1 a prime?
When would the sieve of Eratosthenes work correctly?
The relationship of the number to its corresponding value is similar to what?
What is an example of a property that the number 1 lacks?
A modified version of the sieve that considers 1 as prime would produce as output what?
Where are Egyptian fraction expansions found?
Who are the earliest records of explicit study of prime numbers?
What contains important theorems about primes?
Who showed how to construct a perfect number from a Mersenne prime?
What is the Sieve of Eratosthenes simple method to do?
When did Pierre de Fermat prove his little theorem?
Who discovered that no further Fermat numbers are known to be prime?
What are Fermat numbers?
What primes did Marin Mersenne look at?
How many numbers of the form 22n + 1 are prime?
What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer?
When can trial division be implemented more efficiently?
What is the minimum value for a trial division to be successful?
How many divisions are necessary to check primality of 37?
What does the trial division consist of dividing n by each integer m that is greater than 1?
How many classes are modern primality tests for general numbers?
What are the two main classes of primality tests for general numbers n?
What type of algorithm will always identify a prime number as prime and a composite number as composite?
What type of algorithm will always identify a prime number as prime and a composite number as composite?
What is the probability that our number is composite?
What is an example of a probabilistic test?
What does the Fermat primality test rely on?
What are some numbers that satisfy the Fermat identity even though they are not prime?
What is an example of an extension of the Fermat primality test?
What is an example of an extension of the Fermat primality test?
Sophie Germain primes are primes of what form?
What are prime numbers that are of the form?
Which test is particularly fast for numbers of this form?
What are Fermat primes and Mersenne primes?
What primes are prime numbers of the form 2p − 1 where p is an arbitrary prime?
What have some of the largest known primes been found using?
When was the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project awarded a prize?
How much prize did the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project win in 2009?
Who offers $150,000 and $250,000 for primes with at least 100 million digits and 1 billion digits?
What are possible primes within the interval?
What represents the largest integer not greater than the number in question?
Who disproved Bertrand's postulate?
The floor function states that there always exists at least one prime number p with n < p < 2n − 2 for what?
Bertrand's postulate states that there always exists at least one prime number p with what?
Bertrand's postulate is based on what?
What is coprime?
What asserts that the progression contains infinitely many primes?
What is the density of all primes congruent a modulo 9?
What do the rows starting with a = 3, 6, or 9 contain?
What happens in all other rows of progressions?
What is closely related to prime numbers?
What would ζ(1) have if there were only finitely many primes?
What happens when a harmonic series exceeds any given number?
What happens when the harmonic series diverges?
What is the Basel problem?
When was the Riemann hypothesis dated?
What zeroes of the ζ-function have real part equal to 1/2?
From a physical viewpoint, the Riemann hypothesis states that the irregularity in the distribution of primes comes from what?
What distribution of primes holds for shorter intervals of length about the square root of x?
What distribution of primes holds for shorter intervals of length about the square root of x?
What asserts that every even integer n greater than 2 can be written as a sum of two primes?
When were Landau's problems first solved?
Goldbach's conjecture has been verified for what?
What states that every sufficiently large odd integer can be written as a sum of three primes?
What states that every sufficiently large even number can be expressed as the sum of a prime and a semiprime?
What is the term for pairs of primes with difference 2?
What is a twin prime conjecture?
What states that for every positive integer n, there are infinitely many pairs of consecutive primes that differ by 2n?
Polignac's conjecture states there are infinitely many primes of the form what?
What says that there are always at least four primes between the squares of consecutive primes greater than 2?
What theory was seen as pure mathematics for a long time?
Which British mathematician prided themselves on doing work that had absolutely no military significance?
When was it announced that prime numbers could be used as the basis for the creation of public key cryptography algorithms?
What are prime numbers used for?
What are prime numbers used for?
If p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always what?
What is the period of a recurring decimal?
What is divisible by p?
What is divisible by n?
What does the fraction 1/p expressed likewise in base q provide?
Which public-key cryptography algorithm is based on large prime numbers?
What is an example of a public key cryptography algorithm based on large prime numbers?
What is the most common primes used for RSA?
The Diffie-Hellman key exchange relies on efficient algorithms for what?
What is the typical primes for Diffie-Hellman?
What insect uses prime numbers?
How do cicadas spend most of their lives?
How many years do cicadas pupate?
What is the logic behind the prime number intervals between emergences?
Over a 200 year period, average predator populations during hypothetical outbreaks of 14 and 15 year cicadas would be what?
What is another term for minimality?
What is the prime field of a field containing 0 and 1?
How can any knot be uniquely expressed?
What is the second meaning of the word prime?
What is a prime knot indecomposable in knot theory?
Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of what?
What are irreducible elements and prime numbers defined as?
What is another term for elements of a commutative ring R?
When is an element p of R called prime element?
What is irreducible if an element is not a unit?
What continues to hold in unique factorization domains?
What is an example of a factorization domain?
What is the set of complex numbers of the form of Gaussian integers Z?
What are the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi?
What are rational primes of the form?
Where is the notion of number replaced with that of ideal?
What generalizes prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal?
Along with commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, what theory studies prime ideals?
What generalizes to the Lasker-Noether theorem?
The Lasker-Noether theorem expresses every ideal in what?
What are the points of algebro-geometric objects?
What is factorization similar to in number theory?
What can prime ideals be used in proving quadratic reciprocity?
What is quadratic reciprocity?
What happens when a number is multiplied by p?
What are some arithmetic questions transferred back and forth to?
What yields the field of real numbers?
What underlines the importance of primes to number theory?
Who used prime numbers to create ametrical music through natural phenomena?
What is the name of Messiaen's 1935 work?
What is the name of Messiaen's 1949-50 works?
Where do the primes 41, 43, 47 and 53 appear in Messiaen's Neumes rythmiques?
What was Messiaen's way of composing inspired by?
Where does the Rhine begin?
Where does the Rhine end in the Netherlands?
What is the biggest city on the Rhine?
What is the longest river in Central and Western Europe?
How long is the Rhine?
Which continent is the Rhine located in?
In what country does the Rhine end?
How long is the Rhine?
What is the origin of the Rhine in modern languages?
What is the variant form of the name Rēnos?
What is the Gaulish name for Rhine?
When was the Gaulish name Rēnos adapted?
What is the origin of the Rhine in modern languages?
What is the variant form of the name Rēnos?
What is the Dutch name for Rhijn?
What is the Gaulish name for Rhine?
What was the original spelling of Dutch Rijn?
How is the length of the Rhine generally measured?
In what year was the Rhine-kilometer scale introduced?
Where does the Rhine run from?
What town is the Rhine Bridge from Constance to?
What caused the length of the Rhine to be shortened?
How is the length of the Rhine generally measured?
In what year was the Rhine-kilometer scale introduced?
Where does the Rhine run from?
What caused the length of the Rhine to be shortened?
What town is the Rhine Bridge from Constance to?
Which direction does the Rhine make a distinctive turn to near Chur?
How long is the Rhine Valley?
What is the name of the glacial alpine valley that the Rhine flows through?
What dam prevents the Rhine from flowing into the Seeztal valley?
Which country does the Alpine Rhine border to the East?
Where does the Rhine make a distinctive turn to the north?
How long is the Rhine Valley?
What is the height of the Rhine Valley?
What is the name of the glacial alpine valley that the Rhine flows through?
The Alpine Rhine forms the border between Liechtenstein and what country?
What is the mouth of the Rhine into?
What is the West Rhine delta delimited by?
What is the East delta delimited by?
What is the local Alemannic dialect singular?
What does Esel mean in English?
What is the mouth of the Rhine into?
What is the East delta delimited by?
What is the West Rhine delta delimited by?
What did the natural Rhine originally form?
What is the local Alemannic dialect singular?
Where is the upper canal near?
Where is the lower canal located?
Along with constant flooding, what did the lower canal have to counteract?
Where does the Dornbirner Ach flow?
What will the continuous input of sediment into the lake do to the lake?
Where is the lower canal located?
Along with strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta, what was the need for a regulation of the Rhine?
Where is the upper canal near?
Which canal had to be diverted?
What is expected to silt up the lake?
How many bodies of water make up Lake Constance?
What does Untersee mean?
What does the Seerhein mean?
Which border does Lake Constance follow?
What does Obersee mean?
How many bodies of water make up Lake Constance?
Along with Germany, Switzerland and Switzerland, where is Lake Constance located?
Where is Lake Constance located?
What is the approximate location of Lake Constance?
Along with Bavaria and Vorarlberg, what German state is located in Lake Constance?
Why does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths?
Where is the Rhine water diverted off the island of Mainau?
Where does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths?
Along what length of the lake is the Rhine water visible?
Where does the Rhine water reappear on the surface at the northern shore of lake?
Where does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths?
Where does the Rhine water reappear on the surface at the northern shore of lake?
Where is the Rhine water diverted off the island of Mainau?
What does Rheinrinne mean?
What determines the color of the Rhine water?
In which direction does the Rhine flow?
What is the major tributary of the Rhine?
What is the average discharge of the Aare?
What is the highest point of the Rhine basin?
Where does the Rhine turn north at the so-called Rhine knee?
In which direction does the Rhine flow?
What is the name of the major tributary of the Rhine?
What is the average discharge of the Aare?
What is the highest point of the Rhine basin?
What is the border between Switzerland and the Rhine?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
What is the name of the major bend in the center of Basel?
What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine?
How long is the Upper Rhine Plain?
How wide is the Upper Rhine Plain?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
What is the name of the major bend in the center of Basel?
Which direction does the Rhine change from West to?
Where does the Rhine knee end?
What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine?
When did a Rhine straightening program occur?
Was the rate of flow in the Upper Rhine increased or decreased by the straightening program?
What happened to the ground water level in the Upper Rhine region?
What canal carries a significant part of the river water?
What type of pools are located in Alsace?
Which region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century?
When did a Rhine straightening program occur?
Was the rate of flow in the Upper Rhine increased or decreased by the straightening program?
What happened to the ground water level in the Upper Rhine region?
What canal carries a significant part of the river water?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
What is the average discharge of the Moselle?
What is the longest river in Germany?
What is the name of the main tributary of the Rhine?
What is the average width of the Rhine?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
What is the name of the main tributary of the Rhine?
Which country drains to the Rhine via the Moselle?
What is the mean discharge of the Rhine as it approaches the Dutch border?
What river flows through the Rhine Gorge?
What is the name of the formation that the Middle Rhine flows through?
What created the Rhine Gorge?
What is the name of the Rhine Gorge?
What river flows through the Rhine Gorge?
What is the name of the formation that the Middle Rhine flows through?
Along with vineyards, what is the Rhine Gorge known for?
What is the Rhine Gorge known as?
What can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland?
Which city is home to Europe's largest inland port?
Which river joins the Rhine in Duisburg?
What does the Ruhr provide the region with?
Along the Rhine, into what country are factories located?
Until the early 1980s industry was a major source of what?
Which river is the bulk of the pollution in the Ruhr?
Along the Rhine, into what country are factories located?
Which city is home to Europe's largest inland port?
Which river joins the Rhine in Duisburg?
Along with viniculture, what is the main economic sector in the Middle Rhine area?
The Rhine Gorge is between Koblenz and what city?
What famous rock does the Rhine flow around?
What is considered the epitome of Rhine romanticism?
Along with viniculture, what is the main economic sector in the Middle Rhine area?
What is the Rhine Gorge listed as?
The Rhine Gorge is between Koblenz and what city?
What famous rock does the Rhine flow around?
Where is Lorelei located?
What is the largest river port in Europe?
What canal runs parallel to the Rhine-Ruhr?
What river runs parallel to the Wesel-Datteln Canal?
What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany?
How long is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge?
Which river flows through North Rhine-Westphalia?
What is the largest conurbation in Germany?
What is the largest river port in Europe?
What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany?
How wide is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge?
Which river flows through the Hollands Diep and Haringvliet estuaries?
What name no longer coincides with the main flow of water?
How much of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows west?
Which direction does the Rhine flow?
Which river does the Rhine flow through?
Which river flows through the Hollands Diep and Haringvliet estuaries?
Which Maas branches off near Dordrecht?
Where does the other third of the water flow through?
Which branch of the Rhine flows west?
What does the Nederrijn become at Wijk bij Duurstede?
Which river does the Nederrijn return to?
Where does the other third of the water flow through?
Which branch of the Rhine flows west?
How much of the Rhine flows through the IJssel branch?
What does the Nederrijn become at Wijk bij Duurstede?
Where does the Nederrijn change its name and become the Lek?
What name is used only for smaller streams farther to the north?
What are the smaller streams of the Rhine used for?
What is the old north branch of the Rhine called?
What does Kromme Rijn mean?
What does Oude Rijn mean?
Which delta is the most important natural region of the Netherlands?
Where does the Rhine-Meuse Delta begin?
What is the shorter term for the delta where the Rhine flows into Lake Constance?
Where does the Rhine split into Waal and Pannerdens Kanaal?
How many main flows carry significant amounts of water?
At Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into what?
What does Oude Maas mean?
What does Het Scheur mean?
What flood occurred in 1421?
When did St. Elizabeth's flood occur?
What line did the Meuse flow just south of before St. Elizabeth's flood?
When did the Meuse and Waal merge?
What did the Meuse form before the St. Elizabeth's flood?
What do many rivers now serve as for the numerous polders?
What changed the delta fundamentally in the second half of the 20th Century?
What does "closed" mean?
In what century did the construction of Delta Works change the delta fundamentally?
What type of delta is the Rhine-Meuse Delta?
What causes the Rhine-Meuse Delta to be shaped?
What could high tide cause?
Along with Brakel, where is the most landward tidal influence detected?
The Mediterranean Sea descends from what sea?
When did the Tethys floor begin to compress?
Several microplates were caught in the squeeze and rotated or were pushed laterally, generating the individual features of what?
In what era was the Triassic Period?
Which microplate pushed up the Pyrenees?
What type of rift system developed in the Eocene?
What is considered the first Rhine river?
When was the first Rhine river formed?
Along with the Rhone, what river drained the northern flanks of the Alps during the Miocene?
How did the Rhine extend its watershed southward?
When did the Rhine capture streams down to the Vosges Mountains?
Where did the Rhine capture streams down to during the Pliocene period?
What geological period occured 2.5 million years ago?
How many major ice ages have occured since 600,000 years ago?
How much did sea level drop during the Ice Ages?
Which direction did the Rhine follow in the Early Pleistocene?
The mouth of the Rhine was located offshore of what French city?
How long ago was the last glacial?
When did the last glacial end?
In what direction did the Rhine flow through the Netherlands?
How much lower was the sea level during the last glacial Maximum?
Along with the Atlantic Ocean, through what channel did the Rhine extend?
What was the source of the Rhine's current course?
What did the Last Glacial Maximum cover Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps?
When was the Last Glacial Maximum?
What covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps during the Last Glacial Maximum?
What is the term for the dust that settles on tundra?
When did northwest Europe begin to warm up?
What did the glaciers in northwest Europe do during the warm period?
What river was most of the discharge routed to?
When did rapid warming and changes of vegetation begin in Europe?
By what year was Europe fully forested?
When did a similar situation with tides and currents exist?
What had dropped so far that natural sedimentation by the Rhine and coastal processes could compensate the transgression by the sea?
When was the coast line of the Rhine roughly at the same location?
What is causing sea level rise in the southern North Sea?
What is the rate of sea level rise in the southern North Sea?
When did the Holocene begin?
When did the Rhine-Meuse delta begin?
Where did the Rhine occupy at the beginning of the Holocene?
Where did sea level rise during the Holocene?
How long ago has human impact been seen in the delta?
What has the increased sediment load of the Rhine caused?
What has increased in the Rhine?
When did the damming of minor distributaries occur?
How many avulsions have occurred in the Rhine over the past 6000 years?
Where do the branches Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to?
What estuary did the Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge through?
Which river does the IJssel branch head into?
What has the IJsselmeer been since 1932?
How many branches of the Rhine are there?
When did the Rhine first enter the historical period?
In Roman geography, the Rhine formed the boundary between Gaul and what country?
When was the Upper Rhine part of the Hallstatt culture?
Who wrote the Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil?
In what year did Augustus die?
What river did Rome accept as the water-boundary of her Germanic frontier?
What happened to the northern section of the Germanic frontier?
In which direction did Roman subjects from Alsace-Lorraine drift across the river?
Which part of the Germanic frontier remained the Roman boundary until the empire fell?
How many legions did the Romans keep along the Rhine?
Which army did the Romans assign legions to between AD 14 and 180?
What is another name for the town of Ubii?
The number of legions at any base depended on whether a state or what else existed?
What does oppidum Ubiorum mean?
When did Germanic tribes establish the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine?
What did the Germanic tribes establish on the Rhine?
What does Siebengebirge mean?
Who was the hero of the Nibelungenlied?
Who took Kriemhild's golden treasure?
By what century was the Rhine within the borders of Francia?
In what century was the Rhine fully within the Holy Roman Empire?
Along with Swabia and Franconia, what region did the Rhine flow through in the 10th century?
Who sold the Alsace to Burgundy?
In what year did Burgundy sell the Alsace?
Which peace formed a contentious border between France and Germany?
What was a long-term goal of French foreign policy?
Who established the Confederation of the Rhine?
In what year was the Confederation of the Rhine established?
In what year did the Rhine crisis occur?
When was the Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles?
When did the Treaty of Versailles end?
Who occupied the Rhineland in 1936?
The Treaty of Versailles is often cited as helping who?
When did the German army re-occupate the Rhineland?
The Rhine bridge was a central focus of the battle for what city?
What was the Rhine regarded as in World War II?
When was Operation Market Garden?
What was the name of the bridge crossing the Rhine at Remagen?
What was the Warsaw Pact plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the cold war?
What was the generally accepted length of the Rhine until 1932?
What German encyclopedia stated the length of the Rhine as 1,320 miles?
What was probably the cause of the discrepancy in the German encyclopedia?
What did Knaurs Lexikon say the length of the Rhine was in 1932?
In what year was the error discovered?
When did the Scottish electorate vote for devolution?
What sets out its powers as a devolved legislature?
What areas does the Scotland Act 1998 delineate the legislative competence of the Scottish Parliament?
The Scotland Act 1998 allocates powers that are "reserved" to who?
The Scottish Parliament has the power to legislate in areas that are not explicitly reserved to whom?
What was an important part of Scottish national identity?
For how many years was Scotland directly governed by the Parliament of Great Britain?
What event caused proposals for devolution to be shelved?
When did Scotland see a rise in nationalism?
What did Kilbrandon recommend in 1973?
In what part of the Sea was oil discovered in 1974?
What was the slogan of the Scottish National Party?
When did Prime Minister Wilson commit his government to some form of devolution?
What did the Scottish National Party argue about the revenues from the oil?
When were proposals for a Scottish Assembly passed by the United Kingdom Parliament?
Where would an elected assembly be set up in Scotland?
What percentage of the Scottish electorate voted for an elected assembly in 1979?
What percentage of the Scottish electorate voted in favor of a Scottish Assembly in 1979?
What was the result of the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum?
What percentage of the eligible voting population did not vote in 1979?
What grew in the 1980s and 1990s?
Which party controlled the United Kingdom in the 1980s and 1990s?
When was the Scottish Constitutional Convention held?
What document was published in 1995?
What is the official home of the Scottish Parliament?
Who designed the Scottish Parliament Building?
What nationality was Enric Miralles?
What shape is the Scottish Parliament Building?
Who opened the Scottish Parliament Building on October 9, 2004?
What was the Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland used for twice?
What was the Parliament's temporary home?
In what part of the building was the General Assembly Hall located?
To what university was the Parliament temporarily moved in 2002?
Where was the Parliament temporarily moved to in May 2000?
Who rented the General Assembly Hall?
What former administrative building was used for the MSP's offices?
What happened to the former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council?
What are the former Midlothian County Buildings facing?
Which hall was used as the Parliament's principal committee room?
How many MSPs are elected to serve as Presiding Officer?
Who is the current Presiding Officer?
What type of ballot is used to elect the Presiding Officer?
How many MSPs are there in Scotland?
Who is in front of the Presiding Officer?
Who is responsible for ensuring that Parliament functions effectively?
What sets the work agenda in the chamber?
How many seats does the Presiding Officer have in Parliament?
Who represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad?
What is the seating arrangement in the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament?
Why is the hemicycle used in the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament?
How many seats are in the debating chamber?
How many seats are reserved for the Scottish Law Officers?
What are Law Officers not allowed to do?
Where are the words Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity printed on the mace?
What is the parliamentary mace made from?
Who Presented the Scottish Parliament?
What words are on the mace of the Presiding Officers?
Where is the Scottish Parliament mace displayed?
In what month are parliamentary recesses in October?
Where are plenary meetings held?
Who can attend parliamentary debates and committee meetings?
How much does it cost to attend a parliamentary debate?
What is the name of the text-based transcript of parliamentary debates?
On what day of the week is Time for Reflection held?
How long does a speaker speak for on Wednesdays?
Who decides who is invited to address Parliament on Wednesdays?
Speakers are chosen to represent the balance of what?
Faith groups can make direct representations to the Presiding Officer to do what?
Who decides who speaks in chamber debates?
What determines who is allowed to speak in chamber debates?
The Presiding Officer tries to balance between political parties and what?
Who usually has open debates?
What language has the Scottish Parliament conducted debates in?
At what time of day is the division bell heard throughout Parliament?
When is the division bell heard throughout the Parliamentary campus?
Each MSP has a unique access card with a microchip that identifies them and allows them to do what?
How do MSPs vote at Decision Time?
How long does it take for a division to be decided?
What can be predicted beforehand?
Who usually instructs members which way to vote?
What are MSPs called?
On what type of issues are "free votes" usually made?
What can happen to disgruntled MSPs?
When is a Members Debate held?
Is an MSP a Scottish minister?
How long is the Members Debate?
Who usually contributes to the Members Business debate?
What happens when a minister speaks after all other participants?
What group meets on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday mornings?
Is the Scottish Parliament's committee role stronger or weaker than other parliamentary systems?
What is one of the downsides of having committees in Scotland?
What is the role of committees in the Scottish Parliament?
Where can committees meet?
Who comprises the committees in the fourth Session of the Scottish Parliament?
What does membership of MSP committees reflect?
What are different committees set out in different ways?
Which committees are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders?
Where are Mandatory Committees located in the Scottish Parliament?
When are Subject Committees established?
How many departments does each subject committee correspond with?
What are the subject committees in the fourth session?
In what session are the current Subject Committees established?
What type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament?
What type of projects do private bills usually relate to?
Outside of the Scottish Parliament, who else might a private bill be scrutinized by?
What type of committee has been set up to consider legislation on the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network?
Which act allowed the Scottish Parliament to pass primary legislation on Scottish issues?
Who assented the Scotland Act 1998?
What does the Scotland Act 2012 extend?
Who continues to constitute the supreme legislature of Scotland?
Who has limited tax-varying capability?
In what section of the Scotland Act are specific devolved matters not explicitly stated?
Who can alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound?
What happens to matters that are not specifically reserved to the Scottish Parliament?
How much can the Scottish Parliament alter income tax in Scotland?
Which act granted further fiscal devolution?
What kind of matters are outside of the Scottish Parliament's purview?
Which Parliament is unable to legislate on issues that are reserved to Westminster?
Where is the Scottish Parliament allowed to legislate?
Ministerial functions of the Scottish Parliament usually lie with whom?
What can be introduced to Parliament in a number of ways?
Who can introduce a bill as a bill?
Who can a member of the Scottish Parliament introduce a bill as?
Who can submit a private bill to Parliament?
How often do bills pass through Parliament?
What is another term for the first stage of a bill?
What is included in the first stage of a bill?
What do statements from the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill indicate?
Where does Stage 1 usually take place?
If the whole Parliament agrees to the general principles of the bill, what stage does the bill proceed to?
What stage of the bill is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament?
How many parts make up Stage 3 of the bill?
What stage of the bill is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament?
What is the term used to describe amendments to a bill that would cause it to fall without a vote?
At what stage of the legislative process do members vote on whether they agree to the general principles of the final bill?
Who is responsible for submitting a bill to the Presiding Officer?
What does the Presiding Officer give to the Monarch after the bill has been passed?
How long does it take for a Presiding Officer to give royal assent?
To whom can the Presiding Officer of the Scottish Government or UK Government refer a bill for royal assent?
When was the bill passed by the Scottish Parliament?
What type of party forms the Scottish Government?
Who can put their name forward to be First Minister?
What position is held by the leader of the largest party?
Who are most ministers and their juniors drawn from?
Who makes the formal appointment or dismissal of a Scottish Minister?
On what day do ordinary general elections occur in Scotland?
When is the first Thursday of every four years in Scotland?
Who may change the date of the Scottish Parliament's election?
What happens when ordinary general elections are held less than six months before the due date of an ordinary general election?
How many days of a General Election must Parliament elect a First Minister?
What enables the Scottish Parliament to scrutinise the Government?
Which group of people are invited to question the First Minister?
What does the First Minister deliver a statement about at the beginning of each parliamentary year?
What do opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister on?
What is set aside for question periods in the debating chamber?
On which day does General Question Time take place?
Who can members direct questions to during General Question Time?
What does First Minister's Question Time give members an opportunity to ask directly?
How many general questions are available to opposition leaders during Question Time?
How many Scottish Parliament constituencies share the same boundaries as the UK Parliament constituencies in Scotland?
When did the Scottish Parliament reduce the number of MP?
How many members do voters elect to represent their constituency?
Why do Orkney, Shetland, and Western Isles have a smaller number of electors than the Scottish Parliament?
What is the average number of electors in the average Scottish Parliament constituency?
How are the total number of seats allocated to parties?
What method is used to allocate the number of seats in Parliament?
What is awarded to the party with the highest number of votes?
What is the party with the highest quotient added to in the second vote of the ballot?
How is the d'Hondt method repeated?
What type of qualifications apply to being an MSP?
When was the British Nationality Act introduced?
What age must a member of the Scottish Parliament be?
Which members of the Scottish Parliament are disqualified from being elected MSPs?
What act disqualifies an individual from sitting in the Scottish Parliament if they are deemed insane?
What is the first time in the Scottish Parliament that a party has a majority?
Who did the SNP take 16 seats from?
How many votes did Labour leader Iain Gray lose in East Lothian?
How many seats did the SNP take from the Liberal Democrats?
What did the SNP have enough support in the Scottish Parliament to hold a referendum on?
Who lost Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP?
Which seat did the Conservatives lose to the SNP?
How many seats did the Conservatives lose?
Who announced she would step down as leader of the Conservatives?
Who said he would campaign for the Union in the independence referendum?
What are Scottish Parliament MPs able to do?
What are English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish Westminster MPs unable to vote on?
What is the Scottish Parliament phenomenon called?
Who won the 2015 UK election?
Which country does the West Lothian question affect?
What is Political Islam also known as?
What is the aim of Islamism?
What type of government does Islamism favor?
What are the two poles of Islamism?
What are the two poles of Islamism?
What type of political process does the Ennahda Movement belong to?
Where is Hamas based?
What do Lebanese Islamist groups want to do?
What do the Taliban reject?
On what basis do Islamist groups call for attacks?
What type of division is there between Islamism and the Salafis?
What movement underwent a remarkable shift in the second half of the 20th century?
What did the Salafi movement place emphasis on?
What type of elections do Islamists need to maintain legitimacy?
Why do Islamists need democratic elections?
What kind of role does Islamism have?
What is a controversial concept not just because it posits a political role for Islam but also because its supporters believe their views merely reflect what?
Who believes that Islam is merely a political ideology?
Hayri Abaza argues the failure to distinguish between Islam and Islamism leads many in the West to support what?
What do progressive moderates seek to separate?
What are Islamists not?
Who created the idea of political Islam?
How does the International Crisis Group describe apolitical Islam?
When did secular Arab nationalism occur?
What type of Islam is quietist?
What did Western governments view Islamist groups in the 1970s?
When did Western governments support Islamist groups?
What did the US do to the Afghan veterans of the war?
Who did the US spend billions of dollars supporting?
What groups did Western governments consider to be more dangerous?
What did the US do to the Afghan veterans of the war?
Who was the president of Egypt in 1975?
What did Sadat make with Israel?
What did Sadat give exiles in exchange for helping him fight leftists?
In what year did Sadat and Islamists break up?
What happened to Sadat?
What type of Islam was Wahhabism?
What did Wahhabism say Muslims should do to infidels?
What did Wahhabism claim democracy caused in the 20th century?
What did Wahhabism say Muslims should oppose in every way?
What country's interpretation of Islam is considered the "gold standard" of religion?
What type of movement is the Muslim Brotherhood?
What type of governments does the Muslim Brotherhood compare well with?
What type of assistance does the Muslim Brotherhood provide to students from out of town?
What type of government does the Muslim Brotherhood oppose?
According to the Muslim Brotherhood, mass marriage ceremonies are used to do what?
What fields did Iqbal study in England and Germany?
What group did Iqbal join in London?
What was Iqbal a critic of?
When did Iqbal return to Lahore?
What was the name of the book published by Oxford University in 1934?
What did Iqbal fear would weaken the spiritual foundations of Islam and Muslim society?
What did Iqbal fear would happen to India's Hindu-majority population?
What did Iqbal call for the shedding of?
In what year was Sir Muhammad Iqbal elected president of the Muslim League?
What movement did Iqbal's speech inspire?
Who founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party?
What was the profession of Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi?
When was the Jamaat-e-Islami party founded?
How did Maududi have more impact than his political organizing?
How did Maududi's books place Islam?
Who founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party?
What was the profession of Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi?
How did Maududi have more impact than his political organizing?
In what context did Maududi's books place Islam?
What did Maududi believe Muslim society could not be without?
What did Maududi believe Islam required?
What does tawhid mean?
How did the Islamic revolution change the minds of individuals?
How did Maududi say the Islamic revolution would change the minds of individuals?
When was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Where was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Who founded the Muslim Brotherhood?
What was the name of the Muslim Brotherhood's constitution?
What type of influence did Al Banna believe the Muslim Brotherhood would eliminate?
What did some members of the Muslim Brotherhood engage in against the government?
In what year was Al-Banna assassinated?
Who was assassinated in 1949?
In what year was the Muslim Brotherhood banned?
Who was the president of Egypt in 1948?
What has the Muslim Brotherhood become in the Islamic world?
What percentage of seats did the Muslim Brotherhood win in 2011-2012?
How was the Muslim Brotherhood described for many years?
What was the Muslim Brotherhood able to do during elections?
Who was the first democratically elected president of Egypt?
What was the outcome of the Six-Day War?
How significant was the Six-Day War to the Arab Muslim world?
What type of stagnation was blamed on the defeat of Arab troops?
What happened to the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics?
Maududi and Qutb created what type of movements?
What type of father was Mohammad Iqbal?
Who was the ideologue of the Iranian Revolution?
Where did Khomeini place his beliefs?
Whose teachings did Khomeini believe were essential to Islam?
What did Khomeini believe the plundering of Muslim lands was part of?
What type of Republic has maintained its hold on power in Iran despite US economic sanctions?
What type of groups has the Islamic Republic created or assisted in Iraq?
What type of sanctions have the US imposed on Iran?
When did the Iranian government enjoy a resurgence in popularity?
Who called for Israel to vanish?
Who deployed its 40th Army into Afghanistan in 1979?
What was the Soviet Union trying to suppress in Afghanistan?
What did the Afghan Civil War inspire Muslims to do?
What was the effectiveness of the Afghan Arabs?
How many Muslim volunteers came to fight in Afghanistan?
What did the Gulf War do?
Who was the ruler of Kuwait at the time of the Gulf War?
What group did the Gulf War target?
In what country did the Gulf War take place?
Who did Islamists accuse the Saudi regime of being a puppet of?
Who did the 9/11 attacks resonate with?
Who did Saudi Arabia repress?
Where did American troops remain in Saudi Arabia?
In what country was there a civil war?
Who was responsible for the 9/11 attacks?
Who's ideas became more radical during his imprisonment?
In what year did Qutb die?
What group did Hasan al-Hudaybi lead?
What type of movements were inspired by the final writings of Qutb?
When did the Muslim Brotherhood renounce violence as a means of achieving its goals?
What organization was responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat?
In what year did Anwar Sadat die?
What type of leaders did Islamic Jihad attack?
Along with secular leanings, what did the Islamic Jihad group attack against Islamic leaders?
Who wrote a pamphlet outlining Islamic Jihad's views?
What did al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya employ in their struggle for Islamic order?
What is another Egyptian group that used violence in their struggle for Islamic order?
When did Jamaa Islamiya renounce violence?
What was the final result of the Egyptian coup against the government?
What has the Islamic Liberation Party attempted to assassinate?
What was the Muslim Brotherhood's stance towards Israel prior to the First Palestine Intifada?
What was the name of the Muslim Brotherhood's zeal?
What did the Hamas charter call for?
Along with drinking alcohol, what did the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine drink?
Where did the Muslim Brotherhood in 1987 take a "quiescent" stance towards Israel?
Who won the majority of the seats in the 2006 legislative election?
How many people did Hamas kill between 2000 and 2007?
What did Hamas win in the 2006 legislative election?
When did Hamas drive the PLO out of Gaza?
What has Hamas been praised by Muslims for?
What type of regime did Hassan al-Turabi have?
Who was the leader of Sudan's Islamist regime?
What group did General Gaafar al-Nimeiry lead?
How did Turabi build a strong economic base?
Where did Turabi recruit loyalists?
When was al-Nimeiry overthrown?
How did the NIF overthrow the government in 1989?
What type of law did Turabi use?
Who did the NIF regime harbor for a time before 9/11?
What did the NIF oppose in the Gulf War?
What did women do to combat the high rate of unemployment in Algeria?
In what year was the FIS founded?
In what country was the FIS based?
What is another name for the Islamic Salvation Front?
What caused the cancellation of the 1991 national elections?
What did the mujahideen's victory against the Soviets lead to?
What type of civil war did Afghanistan have in the 1980s?
When did the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan collapse?
How does Afghanistan compare to other countries?
What percentage of Afghanistan did the Taliban take in 1996?
What group was spawned by the Deobandi movement?
In what country did the Deobandi movement take place?
What is another term for Islamic Fundamentalist?
What was the Taliban's ideology under the label of?
Who was the Taliban's guest?
When did General Zia-ul-Haq overthrow Bhutto's regime?
What did Ali Bhutto ban?
What ideology became the official state ideology of Zia-ul-Haq?
What was Islamization used to legitimize?
In what year was Zia-ul-Haq killed?
What is the ideology of the Islamic State?
Who are the main members of the Islamic State?
As of March 2015, how many people lived in Iraq and Syria?
What type of international recognition does the Islamic State lack?
What did the Islamic State declare in 2014?
When did the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad pledge allegiance to al-Qaeda?
In what year did the Iraqi insurgency begin?
What was the main complaint of al-Qaeda in 2014?
When did the Syrian Civil War begin?
What has the U.N. designated ISIL?
Does the Islamic Party take a different or different view of Muslim history than other groups?
In what century did Islam's pivotal turning point occur?
In what year did the Ottoman Caliphate end?
What system did the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate end?
What did the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate do?
What type of jihad does HT not engage in?
How does HT hope to change Muslim public opinion?
Who does HT hope to recruit to launch a "bloodless" coup?
In what country was the HT banned in 1974?
Many of the members of the group have gone on to join what?
How many Muslims live in Greater London?
What type of outlook do many Muslims in Greater London have?
In what year was the Channel 4 documentary Undercover Mosque aired?
Undercover Mosque has given rise to what term?
What was Abu Hamza al-Masri charged with?
How long has the US been trying to counter Islamism?
What department runs public diplomacy programs in the US?
Who is an official in the George W. Bush administration who called for an independent agency to counter Islamism?
Who is Robert Gates?
What was the U.S. Information Agency charged with during the Cold War?
What language did Imperialism originate from?
What type of force is used to extend a country's power and influence?
Along with Western Europe, what country used the term imperialism to describe its political and economic dominance?
What has Imperialism allowed for the rapid spread of?
What is another term for imperialism?
What is defined as physical control or full-fledged colonial rule?
What is another term for imperialism based on stereotypes?
Informal imperialism is less direct and more what?
What term is less costly than informal imperialism?
What term is less costly than informal imperialism?
What general purpose was the definition of imperialism confusedly?
What is another way informal rule spreads power?
What type of rule is less costly than informal?
The amount of land a nation has conquered and expanded is considered to be what type of empire?
How did European expansion cause the world to be divided?
Who stated that imperialism was the highest form of capitalism?
What is it called when political empires are built mostly by expansion overland?
Most books on the subject confine themselves to what type of empire?
Edward Said distinguishes imperialism from what other term?
What type of focus does colonialism lack?
According to Robert Young, what was imperialism developed for?
What is an example of a land empire that is excluded from discussions of colonialism?
What have Imperialism and colonialism been used to describe?
What two groups dictate the political and economic advantage over a land?
What does colonialism refer to?
How does imperialism create an empire?
What is the core meaning of Colonialism?
What traits of conquered peoples are inherited by the conquered peoples?
What is a controversial aspect of imperialism?
What did Friedrich Ratzel believe was necessary for a state to survive?
J.A. Hobson believes that the earth should be peopled, governed, and developed by the races which can do this work best?
Along with social Darwinism, what theory formed a rational justification for imperialism?
What is still prized today in Latin America?
Where was Friedrich Ratzel from?
What country did Mackinder support?
What type of geographer was Friedrich Ratzel?
The Royal Geographical Society of London and what other societies had great influence?
The Royal Geographical Society of London was able to do what to travelers who came back with tales of their discoveries?
What geographical theory suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance?
What type of environment did Ellen Churchill Semple believe humans were in?
What philosophy allowed Europe to establish itself as the superior?
What type of people were in need of European guidance?
According to Siad, orientalism allowed Europe to establish itself as what?
What concept did British imperialism use to describe Australia?
When was Australia established?
The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to the policies and practices of what empire?
What type of people lived in Australia?
What does Terra nullius mean?
Orientalism refers to how the West developed what?
What did early European studies of the Orient portray the East as?
What was the East's negative perception of itself?
What refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East?
What type of West was the East in opposition to?
Bassett focuses his analysis on the role of what during the "scramble for Africa"?
Bassett states that blank spaces allowed imperial and colonial powers to fill in what?
Bassett uses blank space to denote unknown or what?
Bassett highlights the use of blank space to denote unknown or unexplored territory in his analysis of what?
Bassett states that maps helped legitimize the extension of what French power into West Africa?
When did the Aztec Empire and Incan Empire form?
Who was the leader of the Mongol Empire?
How many Muslim empires predate the European colonial era?
What is an example of an empire that predated the European colonial era?
Ethiopia, Oyo Empire, Lunda Empire, and Mutapa Empire are all from what region?
What is it called when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles?
What is cultural imperialism?
What soap opera featured opulent American lifestyles?
What culture did the soap opera Dallas portray?
What type of restrictions do authoritarian regimes have on foreign popular culture?
When did the Age of Imperialism begin?
What did European industrializing nations engage in the process of doing to gain political power?
How many years have imperialist practices existed?
When did the Age of Imperialism end?
What policy was implemented in China during the Age of Imperialism?
When was John Gallagher born?
When did Ronald Robinson die?
Who were John Gallagher and Ronald Robinson?
What grew significantly and became much more interconnected in the decades before World War I?
Who were rich and prosperous in the decades before World War I?
Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism was primarily focused on what?
When did the British colonize India?
Where did European imperialism collect resources from?
The British exploited the political weakness of what state?
Europe advanced in military technology along with advancements in what?
What did European chemists make that could be used in combat?
What weapon had become an effective battlefield weapon by the 1880s?
What were armies in less developed countries fighting with?
Who made deadly explosives that could be used in combat?
In anglophone academic works, theories regarding imperialism are often based on what experience?
When was the term "Imperialism" first introduced into English?
Along with idealism, what type of idealism was associated with imperialism?
What did Lenin believe was the natural extension of capitalism?
Capitalism, imperialism, and what other group have been linked?
When did the rise of the military-political complex in the United States begin?
When were non-Marxist writers at their most prolific?
What did Hobson believe domestic social reforms could cure?
What type of intervention did Hobson believe could boost consumption and create wealth?
What concept served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples?
What determined a certain person's behaviours?
What were people living in tropical environments seen as?
Where was the last wave of European colonialism?
What are the two forms of environmental determinism?
Who believed that Northern Europe and the Mid-Atlantic temperate climate produced a hard-working, moral, and upstanding human being?
Which areas of the world had a temperate climate?
What were the people of the temperate climates in need of?
What is a view of a people based on their geographical location?
Under what type of occupation did geographic scholars believe the world could be divided into climatic zones?
Britain's imperialist ambitions can be seen as early as when?
When was the British East India Company established?
Who chartered the British East India Company?
Political activity in 1767 caused what to happen to the East India Company?
Who had already established trading posts in India?
When did France take control of Algeria?
When did France begin to rebuild its worldwide empire?
What religion did the new French empire spread?
Which continent did France mainly concentrate on after 1850?
When did Republicans become supportive of the French colonial empire?
What did Jules Ferry say France had a duty to do?
What was the term for full citizenship rights in France?
How many settlers did France send to its colonies?
What did the moral justification to lift the world up to French standards come from?
Where did French settlers remain a small minority?
What did the Free French use as bases in World War II?
What began to challenge the Empire after 1945?
Where did France fight and lose a bitter war in the 1950s?
Where did France win the war in Vietnam?
By what year had nearly all of France's colonies gained independence?
From where did the Germanic tribes originate?
What area did the Germanic conquest of central, western and southern Europe exclude?
When did the Germanic tribes expand throughout northern and western Europe?
When did the Holy Roman Empire form?
What area did the Germanic Empire control?
When did Germany stop participating in Western imperialism?
In what year did Otto von Bismarck die?
When did Prussia form the second German Empire?
Who caused the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire?
The Concert of Europe was an attempt to manipulate what continent?
Along with Africa, where did Germany build a colonial empire?
Bismarck was aware that public opinion had started to demand colonies for reasons of what?
In what year was German New Guinea established?
Which country did Germany begin to colonize in 1884?
Who influenced Bismarck?
What did Japan take from Russia?
When was the First Sino-Japanese War?
What country did Japan invade during the Second Sino-Japanese War?
What territory did Japan conquer from China in 1931?
The People's Republic of what country supported post-World War II communist movements?
When did the policy of indigenization stop being implemented?
Who asserted the right to limited self-determination for national minorities within new territory?
Where did the Soviet Union install socialist regimes after World War II?
Who reestablished a polity with roughly the same extent as the empire by 1921?
Trotsky believed that the revolution could only succeed in Russia as part of what?
Who declared that Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism?
Who argued that the Soviet Union had become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist façade?
Who was the new leader of the Soviet Union in the 1950s?
What did Joseph Stalin establish after Lenin's death?
What was the First British Empire based on?
When did Britain lose the American colonies?
What policy did Britain adopt in the 1840s?
When did the Spanish and Portuguese colonies become independent?
When did Napoleonic France defeat Britain?
What was the largest empire the world has ever seen?
Social Darwinism and theories of race formed an ideological underpinning during this time.
What was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain and Lord Rosebury?
Along with Asia, where did the Scramble for Africa add to the British Empire?
What policy did the US express its opposition to Imperialism through?
What was Theodore Roosevelt's policy in Central America?
What happened in the Philippines one year after the Anti-Imperialist League was created?
What country did the Anti-Imperialist League oppose the US annexation of?
What did Smedley Butler call American foreign policy?
Who was a key figure in the American Empire?
When was Isiah Bowman appointed to President Woodrow Wilson's inquiry?
Who was part of the Woodrow Wilson inquiry?
What was the premise of the American Empire inquiry?
What did Isiah Bowman become known as as a result of his role in the American Empire inquiry?
What has some people described as a form of imperialism or colonialism?
What is the internal form of US imperialism referred to as?
How many Africans participated in the African slave trade?
Edward Said said that the US was using aggressive means of attack towards what group?
When did the Ottoman empire end?
Who was the ruler of the Ottoman empire in the 16th and 17th centuries?
How many provinces did the Ottoman empire contain at the beginning of the 17th century?
The Ottoman empire controlled much of what Southeast region during the 16th and 17th centuries?
When was the Ottoman empire at its height of power?
What was the capital of the Ottoman empire?
Who did the Ottoman empire ally with in the early 20th century?
What war ended the Ottoman Empire's ambitions?
What new state emerged in the Ottoman Anatolian heartland after World War I?
What is the name of the mainline Protestant Methodist denomination?
What type of denomination is the UMC?
When was the UMC founded?
Who founded the UMC?
What is the theological orientation of the UMC?
What is the largest denomination within the wider Methodist movement?
How many people are in the United Methodist Church?
What is the largest denomination in the United States?
What percentage of the U.S. population self-identify as Methodist in 2015?
When did the United Methodist Church begin?
Where did the United Methodist Church begin?
Why did other students mock the Methodists?
When did John and Charles Wesley go to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians?
Where did John Wesley and Charles Wesley teach the gospel to the American Indians?
Who did John Wesley and Charles Wesley hope to evangelize to?
What did the Wesley's preach about?
What event separated the Methodists from the Anglican Church?
When was the Baltimore Christmas Conference held?
Who did Wesley appoint as superintendent of the Methodist Society?
Where was the Baltimore Christmas Conference held?
Where was the Baltimore Christmas Conference held?
What is the oldest Methodist church in the US?
What is the oldest Methodist church in the US?
When was St. George's United Methodist Church founded?
Where was St. George's United Methodist Church originally located?
When was the Methodist Episcopal Church founded?
Who were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church?
What church licensed Richard Allen and Absalom Jones in 1784?
When were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church?
In what year did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church?
Why did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church?
In what year did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences?
Why did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences?
When was the United Methodist Church created?
Where did the Evangelical United Brethren Church and The Methodist Church meet?
Who represented the Methodist Church at the General Conference?
What type of church is the United Methodist Church a part of?
What book recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed of the Council of Chalcedon?
What does the "visible and invisible Church" mean?
Why was John Wesley compelled to ordain two lay preachers as presbyters?
Who assisted Wesley in his apostolic succession?
Who did John Wesley ordain as presbyters?
In what year was The United Methodist Church formed?
Who were the founders of the United Methodist Church?
Who founded The United Methodist Church in 1968?
Who founded The United Methodist Church in 1968?
What is the grace that "goes before" us called?
What is the grace that "goes before" us called?
What isvenient grace?
What is the grace that "goes before" us called?
What is the term for the grace offered by God to all people?
What is another name for Justifying Grace?
What is justifying grace also known as?
What is justifying grace also known as?
What was John Wesley's conversion experience called?
What is Sanctifying Grace?
What is the name of the grace of God that sustains believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection?
What is Sanctifying Grace?
What does Sanctifying Grace help believers to reach?
What stands at a unique crossroads between evangelical and sacramental?
What does the United Methodist Church believe in?
What denomination is generally considered one of the more moderate and tolerant denominations?
What book states that Wesleyan theology is at once catholic, evangelical, and reformed?
In what year did the General Conference of the United Methodist Church take place?
What is the denomination's stance on abortion?
What organization was the United Methodist Church a founding member of?
Which two official bodies are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice's governing coalition?
Who does the church want to be supportive with regardless of their choice?
Who is the church bound to respect the sacredness of the life and well-being of?
What does TUMAS stand for?
In what year was the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice held?
Who is president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality?
What movement has the Methodist Church historically supported?
In what years did the General Board of Church and Society call for all Methodist members to abstain from alcohol for Lent?
What was John Wesley's famous sermon about the dangers of drinking?
What does the Methodist Church use in the sacrament of Holy Communion?
What does the United Methodist Church condemn?
In which passage does the United Methodist Church believe Jesus abolished the death penalty?
In which Matthew verse does the United Methodist Church believe Jesus repudiated the lex talionis?
Who calls for the bishops of the United Methodist Church to uphold opposition to the death penalty?
What does the United Methodist Church prohibit the celebration of?
In what year was Rev. Jimmy Creech defrocked?
In what year did a United Methodist bishop make a bold statement?
What is the governing committee of the UMC called?
Many organizations, conferences, and congregations have recently called for broader acceptance of what community within the UMC?
What have many conferences voted in favor of?
In what year did a United Methodist church court defrocked minister Rose Mary Denman?
In what year were clergy credentials removed from Irene Elizabeth Stroud?
Which conference has approved the appointment of an openly partnered lesbian to the provisional diaconate?
What does the Methodist Church oppose as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture?
What is always righteous before God according to the Methodist Church?
What type of war does the Methodist Church support and extend its ministry to those who conscientiously oppose?
What does the United Methodist Church believe war is incompatible with?
What does the United Methodist Church reject war as?
What does the United Methodist Church endorses?
Who states that pornography is not an 'innocent activity'?
What does the United Methodist Church believe pornography is about?
Who do persons who are addicted to pornography alter their perceptions of?
What type of IVF does the UMC support research on?
What type of cells does the UMC support research on?
What does the UMC support for embryos created for IVF?
What was John Wesley's version of the Book of Common Prayer called?
When did the Methodists separate from the Church of England?
What did John Wesley provide a revised version of when the Methodists were separated from the Church of England?
Where is the United Methodist Church located?
From what book are many of the liturgies of the United Methodist Church derived?
Along with laying on of hands and anointing with oil, what is one of the services offered by the United Methodist Church in Africa?
St. James UMC is an example of what type of institution?
Who was the Salvation Army Founder?
What is the name of Methodism's founder?
What church is organized into conferences?
What is the highest level of the United Methodist Church?
What is the name of the book that records legislative changes in the General Conference?
What is the highest level of the United Methodist Church?
How often does the General Conference meet?
How many jurisdictions are there in the United States?
How many central conferences does the church have outside the United States?
What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences?
Who elects the chief administrators of the church?
What areas elect bishops?
Who makes decisions in between the four-year meetings?
Who makes up the Mission Council?
How many acres did the Mission Council approve for the George W. Bush Presidential Library?
Why did the Mission Council approve a 99-year lease of 36 acres at Southern Methodist University?
Where did the Mission Council approve a 99-year lease for 36 acres?
How many members are on the Judicial Council?
What is the highest court in the Roman Catholic Church?
How long is the term of the Judicial Council?
How often does the Judicial Council meet?
Where does the Judicial Council meet?
What is the basic unit of organization within the UMC?
What does the term Annual Conference refer to?
What are all members of the UMC?
What book describes the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches?
How many members must a board of trustees have?
How many members must all UM churches have on their board of trustees?
What is the annual meeting of all the officers of the church?
What is the annual meeting of all the officers of the church?
How many colleges and universities are affiliated with the United Methodist Church?
How many schools and institutions does the church operate overseas?
What are most members of the United Methodist Church?
Who ordained the first Methodist clergy?
What do elders serve in local congregations?
What are all members of the United Methodist Church itenerate?
What is each deacon in full connection a member of?
Who advises the bishop on appointments?
How often is an appointment made in an Annual Conference?
What must happen before an appointment can be made?
Who is given authority to preach the Word of God, administer the sacraments of the church?
Where are Elders appointed to?
How long do provisional Elders serve?
What are Elders assigned as?
How long do provisional deacons serve?
Who can assist elders in the sacraments of Holy Communion and Baptism?
Who can assist elders in the sacraments of Holy Communion and Baptism?
What can a deacon do if they are appointed as a pastor in a local church?
When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?
What is a seminary graduate who serves a two-three-year term in a full-time appointment after being commissioned?
When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?
What is a local pastor's official title?
What is the official title of a local pastor?
How many years of study must a licensed local pastor pass in order to be ordained?
What type of membership allows a local pastor to retire as a clergy?
Who are those who have been baptized as an infant or child but have not subsequently professed their own faith?
How do Baptized Members become Professing Members?
How can an individual become a Professing Member?
What sacrament is a sacrament in the UMC?
What classes do students learn about Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition?
What book directs the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes to all people?
What do students learn in confirmation and membership preparation classes?
What is another term for a local church lay servant?
What must a local church lay servant do to be recognized as a lay servant?
How often must a certified lay servant report to the District or Conference Committee on Lay Speaking?
How many advanced courses must a certified lay servant take?
What is one tradition within the Christian Church?
What type of status did the United Methodist Church seek in the National Association of Evangelicals?
What might false ecumenism result in?
When was the Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union formed?
When did the United Methodist Church enter full communion with the African Methodist Episcopal Church?
In what year did the United Methodist Church begin exploring a merger?
How many members were in the UMC at the time it was founded?
How many congregations did the UMC have at the time it was founded?
How many members were in the United Methodist Church in 2005?
How many congregations did the UMC have in 2005?
Which state has the largest number of members?
By the opening of the 2008 General Conference, what was the total UMC membership?
How many members were in the U.S. at the 2008 General Conference?
How many overseas members were there at the 2008 General Conference?
What group is the UMC a member of?
What interdenominational group is composed of various churches in the tradition of John Wesley?
When did the World Methodist Council vote to adopt the "Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification"?
When was the Seven Years' War?
Who fought in the Seven Years' War?
What was the population of the French North American colonies at the start of the Seven Years' War?
What was the population of the French North American colonies at the start of the Seven Years' War?
Where was the war fought?
What was the beginning of the war?
In what battle did the Forks of the Ohio dispute erupt?
In what year did the British capture Fort Beauséjour?
What was the result of General Braddock's four-way attack?
Why did British operations in the frontier areas of Pennsylvania and New York fail?
What did the British capture on the border separating Nova Scotia from Acadia?
What did the British order after capturing Fort Beauséjour?
Who was the British Prime Minister in 1757?
Why did France increase its military resources in the colonies?
Where did France concentrate its forces?
Where were the British defeated?
What territory did France give to Great Britain?
What territory did France cede to Great Britain?
What was the result of France's control over the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon?
When was there a King George's War?
What is the difference between the French and Indian War and the Seven Years' War?
What is the Seven Years' War?
What are two other names for the Seven Years' War?
What are the dates of the Seven Years' War?
How long did the Seven Years' War last?
In what year was Montreal captured?
What battle took place in North America in 1754?
What was the population of the French in the St. Lawrence River valley?
Where did most of the French population live
Where did French fur traders and trappers travel?
What was the ratio of British settlers to French?
What areas did the British settlers cover?
Where were the British population centers located?
Who dominated large areas between the French and the British?
Which native tribes were in Father Le Loutre's War?
What areas did the Iroquois control?
What were the tribes formally under?
Which three Siouan speaking tribes dominated the Southeast interior?
Where did the French recruit fighters from?
Who supported the British?
How many French troops were stationed in North America at the start of the war?
How many British troops were stationed in North America at the start of the war?
How did the British protect their colonies?
How far did Céloron's expedition cover?
What did Céloron's expedition consist of?
Who did Céloron tell to leave the area?
What did the Native Americans tell Céloron when he arrived at Logstown?
What was the home of Old Briton?
What did Céloron do to Old Briton?
What did Old Briton do?
What did Céloron say about the Natives of the Ohio Country?
What was each side's response to Céloron's report?
What did William Shirley think of the British colonies?
When did the British government give land to the Ohio Company of Virginia?
Who did the British government give land to in 1749?
Who explored the Ohio territory in 1750?
What treaty did Christopher Gist sign in 1752?
Where did the Indians agree to build a "strong house"?
What is the North American theater of the Austrian Succession known as?
When did the War of the Austrian Succession end?
What issues were turned over to a commission to resolve?
What territories were claimed by both sides?
Who was the Governor-General of New France in 1752?
How many men did Langlade command?
What was Langlade's objective?
How did the French kill the traders at Pickawillany?
Who was given command of the Troupes de la Marine and Indians?
What was the name of the fort that Paul Marin de la Malgue constructed?
Where did Marin build a second fort?
What were Paul Marin de la Malgue's orders?
Who was the chief of the Mingo?
Who was William Johnson?
What was William Johnson known as by the Iroquois?
What title did Johnson receive in 1746?
Who was the Speaker of the Iroquois tribal council?
What company was Governor Dinwiddie an investor in?
Who did Dinwiddie order to leave Virginia territory?
Who did George Washington pick up along the way?
On what date did General George Washington reach Fort Le Boeuf?
Who was the commander of the French forces after Marin died?
What letter did Saint-Pierre receive from Dinwiddie?
What was Saint-Pierre's response to the letter from Dinwiddie?
What did Saint-Pierre tell Washington about France's claim to the Ohio Country?
Where did Contrecœur lead his men?
When did William Trent begin building Fort Duquesne?
What did Contrecœur build after leaving Fort Venango?
How did Washington learn of the French scouting party?
How did the Canadians react to the attack?
Why did Anderson believe that Tanaghrisson was acting?
What did the Duke of Newcastle decide to send an army to do?
How did the British military learn of Braddock's plans?
How did King Louis XV respond to the news of the British invasion of France?
What did the British intend to do?
What was the name of the early political response to the opening of hostilities?
What was the goal of the Albany Congress?
Was the Albany Congress approved by the crown?
What was the result of the Albany Congress?
How many troops did Braddock lead?
Was the Fort Duquesne expedition successful?
How many British soldiers died in the attack on Fort Duquesne?
Who were two opponents of Braddock in the Revolutionary War?
Who did the French acquire a copy of the British war plans?
What was the main problem with Shirley's efforts?
What did Shirley plan to do in his absence?
What did Shirley leave at Oswego and Fort Williams?
Who noticed Johnson's better organized expedition than Shirley's?
What did Vaudreuil do when Johnson was seen as the larger threat?
How did the Battle of Lake George end?
Where did Johnson's advance stop at?
Where did the French build Fort Carillon?
Who captured Fort Beauséjour?
What did Governor Lawrence order?
What were the only clashes of any size?
Who assumed command of British forces in North America after Braddock died?
Where did William Shirley meet in December 1755?
What did William Shirley plan to do in 1756?
What did William Shirley plan to do in 1756?
Who was Lord Loudoun's second in command?
Who led the French regular army reinforcements to New France?
When did England declare war on France?
What was the name of the forts Shirley erected?
In what battle did French forces destroy Fort Bull?
How much gunpowder did the French destroy at Fort Bull?
Why did the French destroy Fort Bull?
Who refused to take significant actions until Loudoun approved Montcalm's command?
Where did Montcalm move his headquarters to?
Montcalm led the successful attack on what garrison?
What did Montcalm and the Indians disagree about?
What was the first major operation Loudoun planned in 1757?
Why did Loudoun leave a large force at Fort Henry?
Who was the Secretary of State responsible for the colonies?
Did Loudoun return to New York?
Who harassed Fort William Henry?
What river did the French raid against Fort Henry across?
What did some of Montcalm's allies do?
Why were Vaudreuil and Montcalm unable to adequately resupply?
What exacerbated the situation in New France in 1757?
Where did Montcalm concentrate his resources?
What led to the fall of Newcastle?
Who developed Pitt's 1758 campaign?
How many major offensive actions did Pitt plan?
How many of Pitt's three major offensive actions were successful?
How many Frenchmen were involved in the Battle of Carillon?
Who did the French defeat at Carillon?
What did Abercrombie do to save the day?
What happened to Abercrombie after the Battle of Carillon?
What did the duc de Choiseul decide to focus on?
What was the result of the invasion of Britain?
Where did the French naval battles take place in 1759?
Who defeated Montcalm at Quebec?
What did the victory at Fort Niagara accomplish?
In what battle did the British lose outside Quebec City?
In what battle did the British prevent the arrival of French relief ships?
Who negotiated a capitulation with General Amherst?
What did General Amherst give French residents who chose to remain in the colony?
With whom did Governor Vaudreuil negotiate a capitulation?
When did the war in North America end?
What treaty settled the Seven Years' War?
What did the British offer France?
Why did the British want to take over the Caribbean islands?
How many French speaking Roman Catholic residents lived in French Canada and Acadia?
When did the deportation of Acadians begin?
Where did the British resettle many Acadians?
Where did many Acadians flee to after the Haitian Revolution?
Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
What did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 do?
Where did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 place the reservation of lands?
Where did most of the Spanish population leave Florida?
Why was the Ohio Country particularly vulnerable to legal and illegal settlement?
When was the Spanish takeover of Louisiana completed?
What two Native American tribes fought in the westward migration?
What did the loss of French power in North America mean for native populations?
What concept did Aristotle and Archimedes use in the study of stationary and moving objects?
Aristotle and Archimedes retained what in understanding force?
Who created laws of motion that were not improved on for nearly three hundred years?
For how long were Newton's laws of motion not improved?
Which scientist developed a theory of relativity in the early 20th century?
What model describes forces between particles smaller than atoms?
What are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed?
Along with electromagnetic and weak, what is one of the four main interactions that decrease strength?
Along with strong, electromagnetic and weak, what is one of the main interactions that decrease strength?
What are the weak and electromagnetic forces expressions of?
Who provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology?
Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of what?
How many elements did Aristotle believe the terrestrial sphere contained?
Where did Aristotle believe motionless objects on Earth were in their natural place?
What type of motion required continued application of force?
When were the shortcomings of Aristotelian physics corrected?
Who disproved the Aristotelian theory of motion?
What did Galileo Galilei believe objects in forced motion carried an innate force of?
Which scientist disproved the Aristotelian theory of motion?
Galilei's work disproved the Aristotelian theory of motion by what force?
Who proposed that every object with mass has an innate inertia that functions as the fundamental equilibrium "natural state"?
What was Galileo's insight that constant velocity was associated with?
Who proposed that every object with mass has an innate inertia that functions as the fundamental equilibrium "natural state"?
Which law states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force or resultant force?
How are the laws of physics in every inertial frame of reference?
What laws do not change when traveling in a moving vehicle at a constant velocity?
What kind of path do people observing a moving vehicle follow?
When traveling in a moving vehicle at a constant velocity, the laws of physics do not change from being what?
What applies equally well to constant velocity motion as it does to rest?
What concept can be further generalized to explain the tendency of objects to continue in many forms of constant motion even those that are not strictly constant velocity?
What causes the constancy of the length of a day and the length for a year?
Who explained that reference frames subject to constant acceleration were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames?
What do astronauts experience when in free-fall orbit around the Earth?
What is one of the foundational underpinnings for the development of the general theory of relativity?
What asserts the direct proportionality of acceleration to force?
How are acceleration described in Newton's Second Law?
What offers an equivalence between space-time and mass?
What offers an equivalence between space-time and mass?
What are the relative units of force and mass of Newton's second law?
What law states that all forces are interactions between different bodies?
What law states that all forces are interactions between different bodies?
What type of force is not a force that acts on only one body?
In what order are F and −F equal?
The action-reaction force shared between two objects in a closed system will not cause what to accelerate?
In what type of system of particles are there no internal forces that are unbalanced?
The action-reaction force shared between two objects in a closed system will not cause what to accelerate?
What is quantified using precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations?
The intuitive understanding of forces is quantified using precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations and compared to what scale?
The laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with what conceptual definition of force?
How is it determined that laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with Newtonian mechanics?
What are forces that act in a particular direction classified as?
What are quantities that do not have direction called?
What avoids problems when two people are pulling against each other?
What happens if both magnitude and direction are not known for each force?
What avoids problems when two people are pulling against each other?
In what condition were forces first quantitatively investigated?
What are two important properties of additive vector quantities?
When two forces act on a point particle, what is the resultant called?
What must be specified in order to account for the effects of an extended body?
What is the rule of vector addition?
What can be resolved at right angles to each other?
How many forces can a horizontal force pointing northeast be split into?
What does vector addition yield?
What type of components are independent of each other?
How can orthogonal force vectors be described?
What causes the object to not move?
What causes the object to not move?
What type of force is opposed by static friction?
What is opposed by static friction?
What is the most usual way of measuring forces?
What force is used to balance an object suspended on a vertical spring scale?
What force does an object on a vertical spring scale experience?
What force does an object on a vertical spring scale experience?
Who expounded Three Laws of Motion?
Who discovered that motion in a constant velocity was completely equivalent to rest?
According to Galileo, motion in a constant velocity was completely equivalent to what frame?
Who discovered that motion in a constant velocity was completely equivalent to rest?
Where would a cannonball land in an Aristotelian universe?
Where would a cannonball land in an Aristotelian universe?
What occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction?
What exactly opposes the applied force?
What causes constant velocity motion across a surface?
Who misinterpreted the motion as being caused by the applied force?
The physics of quantum mechanics is now described by what equation?
The Schrödinger equation is now described by what kind of equations?
The potentials V(x,y,z) or fields are treated similar to what?
What is it called when the results of a measurement are sometimes "quantumized"?
The notion of what keeps its meaning in quantum mechanics?
What is the discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable in quantum mechanics?
What principle relates space and spin variables?
What is the discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable in quantum mechanics?
What spins must be symmetric?
If two identical fermions have a symmetric spin function, what spins are they?
How are forces and acceleration explained in modern particle physics?
What is a redundant concept arising from conservation of momentum?
In quantum field theory and general relativity, force is a redundant concept arising from what?
What diagrams are used to describe interactions?
In a Feynman diagram, what direction is each matter particle represented?
How many fundamental interactions are there in the universe?
What types of nuclear forces are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles?
What type of force acts between electric charges and masses?
The gravitational force acts between what?
What does not permit atoms to pass through each other?
Who unified the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics?
In what century was quantum mechanics developed?
The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of what?
Physicists are still trying to develop what type of model?
Who identified gravity as a universal force?
Who was instrumental in determining the characteristics of falling objects?
What is the magnitude of acceleration due to gravity towards the surface of the Earth?
Where is the acceleration due to gravity towards the surface of the Earth measured?
What is directly proportional to the mass of an object?
When did Newton realize that the effects of gravity might be seen in different ways?
What object did Newton determine could be ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration due to gravity decreased?
The acceleration due to gravity is proportional to what part of the attracting body?
Along with the mass and radius of the Earth, what else relates to the gravitational acceleration?
What is the dimensional constant used to describe the relative strength of gravity called?
Who was able to make the first measurement of using a torsion balance?
When was Henry Cavendish able to make the first measurement of using a torsion balance?
Who realized that since all celestial bodies followed the same laws of motion, his law of gravity had to be universal?
What planet was Newton's Law of Gravitation not fully explaining?
What planet did some astrophysicists predict the existence of?
What theory did Albert Einstein create?
Who formulated the theory of general relativity?
Who formulated the theory of general relativity?
What theory is the theory that best explains gravity?
What is the straight line path in space called?
What is the time derivative of the changing momentum of an object called?
The curvature of space-time is inferred from an object's curved path in what sense?
What is the time rate of change of electric charge?
What type of force acts on a charge?
What describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field?
What is the sum of the electric field and the magnetic force?
Who unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations?
In what year was the origin of electric and magnetic fields fully explained?
How many scalar equations did James Clerk Maxwell create?
How many vector equations were later reformulated into the Maxwell Equations?
Who discovered that electric and magnetic fields could be self-generating?
Quantum mechanics was a final modification to what theory?
What was used to develop electromagnetism?
What does QED stand for?
What is the fundamental exchange particle of Quantum electrodynamics?
What does QED stand for?
What causes stiffness and rigidity in solid matter?
What principle causes stiffness and rigidity in solid matter?
What does it take to pack electrons together?
How is the Pauli exclusion principle manifested macroscopically?
What causes stiffness and rigidity in solid matter?
What principle causes stiffness and rigidity in solid matter?
What does it take to pack electrons together?
How is the Pauli exclusion principle manifested macroscopically?
What does the strong force only act directly upon?
What is observed between hadrons?
What type of force is transmitted as gluons?
The strong force is transmitted indirectly by what?
What is it called when the elementary particles are not directly observable?
What is due to the exchange of heavy W and Z bosons?
What is the most familiar effect of neutrons in atomic nuclei?
Along with beta decay, what else is associated with the weak force?
What is the field strength of the weak force?
The electroweak theory states that electromagnetic forces and weak force are indistinguishable at temperatures in excess of what?
What is responsible for the structural integrity of tables and floors?
Fermionic nature of electrons results in what?
What causes Pauli repulsion?
What type of force is responsible for the structural integrity of tables and floors?
Tension forces can be modeled using what?
What allows ideal strings to switch physical direction?
How do ideal strings transmit tension forces instantaneously?
What do tandem effects result in?
What is used to connect the same string multiple times?
What did Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics first describe?
Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics were first developed to describe how forces affect idealized point particles rather than what?
In real life, matter has what kind of structure?
In real life, what might forces that act on one part of an object affect?
In real life, matter has what kind of structure?
What accounts for forces that cause all strains?
What terms are associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What terms are associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What is angle?
What causes rotational inertia?
What can be used to derive an equation for the instantaneous angular acceleration of a rigid body?
Where is the unbalanced centripetal force always directed?
What direction do unbalanced centripetal forces act to the velocity vector?
What force is always directed toward the center of the curving path?
What direction is the unit vector pointed in?
What force accelerates an object by slowing it down or speeding it up?
A conservative force that acts on a closed system is able to convert energy between potential forms and what other form?
A conservative force that acts on a closed system can convert energy between kinetic and what other form?
What is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on a closed system?
What is the force of a conservative force related to?
The direction and amount of a flow of water can be considered to be what?
What is difficult to model in physical scenarios due to gradient of potentials?
What makes it difficult to model forces in physical scenarios?
What is caused by the gradients of numerous electrostatic potentials between atoms?
What type of forces include other contact forces, tension, compression, and drag?
What describes the connection between macroscopic nonconservative forces and microscopic conservative forces?
What type of forces necessarily result in energy transformations within closed systems from ordered to more random conditions as entropy increases?
What type of forces necessarily result in energy transformations within closed systems from ordered to more random conditions as entropy increases?
What law states that nonconservative forces result in energy transformations within closed systems?
What type of forces necessarily result in energy transformations within closed systems from ordered to more random conditions as entropy increases?
What is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass?
What is another name for kilogram-force?
What is the term for mass that accelerates at 1 m·s−2 when subjected to a force of 1 kgf?
What unit of force is equivalent to 1000 lbf?
What unit of force is equivalent to 1000 N?