diff --git "a/eval/samples.dev.hyp.qg_no_passage.txt" "b/eval/samples.dev.hyp.qg_no_passage.txt" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/eval/samples.dev.hyp.qg_no_passage.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,10570 @@ +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to earn their third Super Bowl title? +Who defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion? +Where is Levi's Stadium located? +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to earn their third Super Bowl title? +What did the league do to commemorate the 50th Super Bowl? +What was the "golden anniversary"? +When was the game played? +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to win the Super Bowl? +What was the "golden anniversary"? +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to win the Super Bowl? +When was the game played? +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to earn their third Super Bowl title? +Where was the game played? +Where is Levi's Stadium located? +What would have been the name of each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals? +In what year was Super Bowl 50 played? +In what year was Super Bowl 50 played? +Where is Levi's Stadium located? +Where was the game played? +How did the Broncos defeat the National Football Conference (NFC)? +When was the game played? +In what year was Super Bowl 50 played? +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to earn their third Super Bowl title? +Who defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion? +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to earn their third Super Bowl title? +In what year was Super Bowl 50 played? +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to earn their third Super Bowl title? +Where was the game played? +What was the name of the American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League? +Which team defeated the National Football Conference to earn their third Super Bowl title? +Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player? +How many times did the Broncos defeat the Patriots in the AFC Championship Game? +When was the Super Bowl founded? +What team defeated the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game? +What team defeated the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game? +How many teams have made appearances in the Super Bowl? +Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player? +How many wins did the Panthers finish the regular season with? +Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player? +How did the Broncos finish the regular season? +What team did the Vikings defeat in the NFC Championship Game? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game? +Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player? +What team defeated the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game? +How many wins did the Broncos have in the regular season? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game? +Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the AFC Championship Game? +What team defeated the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game? +Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player? +What team defeated the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game? +When was the Broncos founded? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +How many solo tackles did Von Miller record? +Which team took an early lead in Super Bowl 50? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +How many solo tackles did Von Miller record? +How many times did Denver's defense sack Newton? +How many times did Denver's defense sack Newton? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +How many turnovers did the Broncos have against Newton? +How many solo tackles did Von Miller have? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +How many points did the Broncos take in the Super Bowl? +How many solo tackles did Von Miller record? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +How many points did the Broncos take in the Super Bowl? +How many times did Denver's defense sack Newton? +How many turnovers did the Broncos have against Newton? +How many turnovers did the Broncos have against Newton? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +How many times did Denver's defense sack Newton? +How many turnovers did the Broncos have against Newton? +Who was named Super Bowl MVP? +How many solo tackles did Von Miller record? +Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.? +How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? +What band performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Which Super Bowl was hosted by Bruno Mars? +Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.? +How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? +Who performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +What band performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.? +How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? +Who performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +What was the third most watched U.S. broadcast? +Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.? +How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? +What band performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.? +What band performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Which Super Bowl was hosted by Bruno Mars? +How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the game? +What band performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who performed in the Super Bowl 50 halftime show? +Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012? +How many Super Bowls did the league plan to make in 2012? +In what year did Roger Goodell announce that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl "spectacular"? +Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012? +When did Roger Goodell say the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl "spectacular"? +Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012? +Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012? +Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012? +How did Roger Goodell describe the 50th Super Bowl? +How did Roger Goodell describe the 50th Super Bowl? +In what year did Roger Goodell announce that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl "spectacular"? +What is the name of the Superdome in New Orleans? +What is the name of the stadium in Miami? +What is the name of the stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area? +What is the name of the stadium in Miami? +What is the name of the San Francisco Bay Area stadium? +What is the name of the San Francisco Bay Area stadium? +What is the name of the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans? +What is the name of the stadium in Miami? +What is the name of the stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area? +How many sites did the league narrowed the bids to? +In which city was the Superdome located? +What is the name of the stadium in Miami? +In what city is Levi's Stadium located? +What is the name of the stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area? +What is the name of the stadium in Miami? +What is the name of the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans? +What is the name of the stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area? +When was Sun Life Stadium announced? +How many times has the South Florida/Miami area hosted the Super Bowl? +What was the most recent Super Bowl held in South Florida? +In what year was Super Bowl XLIV held in South Florida? +In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl? +What was the name of the two finalists? +When was Sun Life Stadium announced? +Where was Super Bowl XIX held? +When did the Florida legislature refuse to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations? +In what year was Super Bowl XLIV held in South Florida? +How many finalists were there? +What was the most recent Super Bowl held in South Florida? +How many finalists were there? +Who refused to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations? +In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl? +Which city has hosted the most recent Super Bowl? +When was Sun Life Stadium announced? +How many times has the South Florida/Miami area hosted Super Bowl XLIV? +Which city has hosted the most recent Super Bowl? +In what year did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl? +Who refused to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations? +On what date was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium? +Where did the NFL owners vote to award the game to? +When did the $1.2 billion stadium open? +How much did the stadium cost? +Where did Super Bowl XXXVII take place? +Where did the NFL owners vote to award the game to? +On what date was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium? +How much did the stadium cost? +Which Super Bowl took place in San Diego in 2003? +Where did Super Bowl XXXVII take place? +In what year did NFL owners vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium? +When did the $1.2 billion stadium open? +How much did the stadium cost? +In what year did Super Bowl XIX take place in San Francisco? +Which Super Bowl took place in San Diego in 2003? +On what date was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium? +When did the $1.2 billion stadium open? +When did Super Bowl XXXVII take place in San Diego? +Where did the NFL owners vote to award the game to? +On what date was the game awarded to Levi's Stadium? +When did the San Francisco Bay Area's first Super Bowl take place? +How much did the stadium cost? +Where did Super Bowl XXXVII take place in 2003? +Who coached the Eagles in their last Super Bowl? +How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss? +How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss? +How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss? +What year did the Broncos make their second Super Bowl appearance? +Who coached the Eagles in their last Super Bowl? +How many appearances did the Denver Broncos have in the Super Bowl? +How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss? +What was the other Super Bowl appearance for the Panthers? +How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss? +Who was the number one seed in the Super Bowl? +Who was the number one seed in the Super Bowl? +What year did the Broncos make their second Super Bowl appearance? +Who coached the Broncos in their last Super Bowl appearance? +How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss? +How many seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl? +How many teams have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl? +Who coached the Eagles in their last Super Bowl? +Who did the Carolina Panthers waive in the preseason? +Who did the Panthers lose to a torn ACL in the preseason? +How many regular season games did the Carolina Panthers win? +In what year did the league expand to 16 games? +What team had their best regular season in franchise history? +How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl? +How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl? +Who did the Panthers lose to a torn ACL in the preseason? +In what year did the league expand to 16 games? +In what year did the New Orleans Saints and the 2011 Green Bay Packers share a record of 13-0? +What team had the best start to a season in NFL history? +What happened to Kelvin Benjamin in the preseason? +Who did the Panthers lose to a torn ACL in the preseason? +Who did the Carolina Panthers waive in the preseason? +In what year did the league expand to 16 games? +How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl? +What team had their best regular season in franchise history? +How many regular season games did the Carolina Panthers win in 1978? +What team had their best regular season in franchise history? +How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl? +How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers have? +How many total touchdowns did Newton have? +How many total touchdowns did Newton have? +How many punts did Ted Ginn return? +Who was Newton's leading tight end? +How many total touchdowns did Newton have? +What was Newton's career-best quarterback rating? +How many passes did Olsen catch? +What was Greg Olsen's leading receiver? +Who led the Panthers backfield with 989 rushing yards and six touchdowns? +How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers have? +Who had one of his best seasons? +How many total touchdowns did Newton throw? +How many total touchdowns did Newton have? +How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers have? +How many points did the Panthers' offense score? +How many total touchdowns did Newton throw? +How many total touchdowns did Newton have? +What was Newton's career-best quarterback rating? +How many touchdowns did Ted Ginn, Jr. catch? +How many points did the Panthers defense give up? +How many sacks did Allen have? +How many tackles did Kuechly have? +How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers have? +Who led the team in sacks with 11? +How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers have? +Who led the team in sacks with 11? +How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers have? +How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers have? +Who led the team with a career high seven interceptions? +How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers have? +Which defensive end had 5 sacks in 9 starts? +How many starting linebackers were selected to play in the Pro Bowl? +How many fumbles did Short recover? +Who was the new head coach of the Broncos? +Who replaced Osweiler? +What team did Peyton Manning play for in 1998? +What team did the Broncos lose to in Week 17? +Who was the Broncos' defensive coordinator under? +How many divisional championships had John Fox won? +Who was the new head coach of the Broncos? +What team did Peyton Manning play for in 1998? +How old was Manning in the 2015 off-season? +What was the cause of Manning's worst statistical season since 1998? +Who was the new head coach of the Broncos? +Who had his worst statistical season since 1998? +What was the cause of Manning's worst statistical season since 1998? +How old was Manning in the 2015 off-season? +How many divisional championships had John Fox won? +Who had won four divisional championships in his four years as Broncos head coach? +Who had his worst statistical season since 1998? +Who was the new head coach of the Broncos? +What was the cause of the tear in Manning's left foot? +Who was the Broncos' defensive coordinator under? +What was the career-low passer rating for Manning? +How many touchdowns did Manning throw? +Who led the team with 105 receptions for 1,304 yards and six touchdowns? +Who was the team's leading rusher? +How many touchdowns did Osweiler throw? +What was the career-low passer rating for Manning? +How many touchdowns did Manning throw? +How many touchdowns did Manning throw? +Who led the team with 105 receptions for 1,304 yards and six touchdowns? +What position did Demaryius Thomas play? +What was the career-low passer rating for Manning? +How many touchdowns did Manning throw? +Who led the team with 105 receptions for 1,304 yards and six touchdowns? +How many receptions did Demaryius Thomas have? +What was the career-low passer rating for Manning? +How many touchdowns did Manning throw? +Who caught 76 passes for 1,135 yards? +Who was the team's leading rusher? +What was Ronnie Hillman's yards per carry average? +How many yards did the Broncos' defense allow for the first time in franchise history? +How many sacks did Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson have? +Who led the team in total tackles with 109? +How many fumbles did Von Miller recover? +Who was selected to play in the Pro Bowl for the ninth time? +Who was selected to play in the Pro Bowl for the ninth time? +Who had 5½ sacks? +How many points did the Broncos' defense allow? +How many sacks did Von Miller have? +Who led the team in total tackles with 109? +How many fumbles did Von Miller recover? +How many sacks did Von Miller have? +Who led the team in total tackles with 109? +Who had 5½ sacks? +Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round? +What team did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game? +How many turnovers did the Panthers force in the NFC Championship Game? +How many turnovers did the Panthers have against the Arizona Cardinals? +What was the score of the second half comeback attempt? +Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round? +What was the score of the second half comeback attempt? +How many turnovers did the Panthers force in the NFC Championship Game? +Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round? +What team did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game? +How many turnovers did the Panthers have against the Arizona Cardinals? +Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round? +What was the score of the NFC Championship Game? +What team did the Panthers defeat in the NFC Championship Game? +How many turnovers did the Panthers force in the NFC Championship Game? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round? +How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game? +Which team beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion? +What was the score of the AFC Championship Game? +How long did it take for the Patriots to convert a 2-point conversion attempt? +What team defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round? +How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game? +Which team beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion? +How many seconds left on the clock did the Patriots have to convert a 2-point conversion attempt? +Who had problems with interceptions during the season? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round? +How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game? +Which team beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion? +Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round? +Which team beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion? +How many seconds left on the clock did the Patriots have to convert a 2-point conversion attempt? +Who broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game? +What happened to Thomas Davis in the NFC Championship Game? +How many ACL tears did Davis have in his career? +How old was Thomas Davis when he went down? +How many ACL tears did Davis have in his career? +What happened to Thomas Davis in the NFC Championship Game? +How old was Thomas Davis when he went down? +What is the name of the Super Bowl? +How many ACL tears did Davis have in his career? +What happened to Thomas Davis in the NFC Championship Game? +How old was Thomas Davis when he went down? +Who broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game? +How old is the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl? +Who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII? +At what age did Elway lead the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII? +John Elway is also known as what? +How old was Elway when he led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII? +How old was Elway when he led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII? +Who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII? +At what age did Elway lead the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII? +Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls? +How many Super Bowls did Peyton Manning lead? +How many Super Bowls did Peyton Manning lead? +Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls? +Who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII? +In which Super Bowl did Elway lead the Broncos to victory? +Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls? +How old is John Elway? +Who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII? +In what year was Newton the #1 selection in the NFL draft? +In what year was Newton picked first in the NFL draft? +How old was Newton when he set the record? +How long was the time difference between Manning and Newton? +Who was the top two picks in the 2011 draft? +Who was the #1 selection of the 1998 NFL draft? +Who was the #1 selection of the 1998 NFL draft? +How old was Newton when he set the record? +What was the first Super Bowl to feature a quarterback? +In what year was Newton the #1 selection in the NFL draft? +In what year was Newton picked first in the NFL draft? +Who was the top two picks in the 2011 draft? +Who was the #1 selection of the 1998 NFL draft? +How old was Newton when he set the record? +How long was the time difference between Manning and Newton? +What was the first Super Bowl in which both head coaches played? +What team did Rivera play for? +What was Rivera's career? +Who replaced Rivera? +Who replaced Elway in Super Bowl XXI? +What was Rivera's career? +Who replaced Rivera? +Who replaced Elway in Super Bowl XX? +What was the first Super Bowl in which both head coaches played? +Who was responsible for the collapse of the field? +What was the new playing surface for the Super Bowl? +Who was the field director of the Atlanta Braves? +What team's kicker slipped and miss a field goal in the 2015 season? +Who caused Justin Tucker to slip and miss a field goal? +Who was responsible for the collapse of the field? +Who caused Justin Tucker to slip and miss a field goal? +What was the new playing surface used for the Super Bowl? +Who was responsible for the collapse of the field? +What was the new playing surface for the Super Bowl? +What type of turf was used for the Super Bowl? +What did a number of players need to change during the game? +Who was responsible for the collapse of the field? +Where are Super Bowl games played? +Which team elected to wear road white jerseys with matching white pants? +How did the Broncos defeat the Falcons in the Super Bowl? +What team did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII? +What color jerseys did the Broncos wear? +When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants in the Super Bowl? +When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants in the Super Bowl? +How did the Broncos defeat the Falcons in the Super Bowl? +What team did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII? +What color jerseys did the Broncos wear? +What color jerseys did the Broncos wear? +Who was the only team to have worn white as the designated home team in the Super Bowl? +When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants in the Super Bowl? +What color jersey did the Broncos wear in Super Bowl XXXII? +What color jersey do the Seahawks wear in Super Bowls? +What color jerseys did the Panthers wear with silver pants? +Where did the Panthers use the practice facility? +Where did the Broncos practice at? +Where did the Panthers use the State practice facility? +Where did the Broncos stay? +What hotel did the Panthers stay at? +Where did the Broncos stay? +What practice facility did the Panthers use? +Where did the Broncos practice at? +What practice facility did the Panthers use? +Where did the Broncos practice at? +Where did the Broncos practice at? +What Marriott did the Broncos stay at? +Where did the Panthers use the State practice facility? +Where did the Broncos practice at? +Where did the Broncos practice at? +What Marriott did the Broncos stay at? +On what date did the NFL announce that branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals would be temporarily suspended? +What was the first Super Bowl with Roman numerals? +Who is the league's vice president of brand and creative? +When was the standardized logo template introduced? +Who is the name of the team's head of football? +In what year did the NFL announce that branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals would be temporarily suspended? +What Super Bowl will the Roman numerals be reinstated for? +What was the name of the Super Bowl named using Arabic numerals? +What color are the large numerals in the Vince Lombardi Trophy logo? +On what date did the NFL announce that branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals would be temporarily suspended? +What was the name of the game that would be named using Arabic numerals? +What was the name of the Super Bowl named using Arabic numerals? +What color are the large numerals in the Vince Lombardi Trophy logo? +What is the name of the league's vice president of brand and creative? +In what language was the Super Bowl named? +When will Roman numerals be reinstated for the Super Bowl? +What color was the logo on all sideline jackets and hats? +On what week did all sideline jackets and hats feature gold-trimmed logos? +How many yards were on the field in the 2015 NFL season? +What color was the logo on all sideline jackets and hats? +What color was the logo on all sideline jackets and hats? +What is the name of the game in which gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held? +What type of football was given to each high school that has had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl? +What was the number of the 50-yard line? +What color was the logo on all sideline jackets and hats? +Where was the annual NFL Experience held? +Where was the annual NFL Experience held? +Who is the mayor of San Francisco? +Who unsuccessfully lobbied for the NFL to reimburse San Francisco for city services? +When did "Super Bowl City" open? +How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl Week? +Who is the mayor of San Francisco? +Where was the annual NFL Experience held? +What is another name for Super Bowl City? +Where was the annual NFL Experience held? +What is another name for Super Bowl City? +Who is the mayor of San Francisco? +What is another name for Super Bowl City? +How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl Week? +Who is the mayor of San Francisco? +How much did the NFL have to repay San Francisco for city services? +Where was the annual NFL Experience held? +Where is Bellomy Field located? +How much money does the Santa Clara Convention Center have? +How long is the Santa Clara Convention Center? +How much money does the Santa Clara Convention Center have? +What is the name of the pep rally held at Bellomy Field? +What does the city council need to do to help fund the event? +Where is the beer, wine and food festival? +What type of fundraiser will help find business sponsors and individual donors? +What does the city council need to do to help fund the event? +How much money does the Santa Clara Convention Center have? +What does the city council need to do to help fund the event? +On what day was the media day moved to? +On what day was the media day held? +Where was the event held? +Where was the event held? +What bridge was featured in the opening ceremony? +On what day was the media day held? +On what day was the media day moved to? +What was the new name given to Super Bowl Opening Night? +Where was the event held? +Where was the event held? +On what day was the media day held? +What was the new name of the Super Bowl Opening Night? +Where was the event held? +What bridge was featured in the opening ceremony? +On what day was the media day moved to? +What was the new name of the Super Bowl Opening Night? +Where was the event held? +What bridge was featured in the opening ceremony? +When was the event held? +What is the name of the program that provides local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl? +How much money has the host committee raised? +What is the name of one of the sponsors of the host committee? +Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, and Dignity Health, what company sponsors the host committee? +What company is on the host committee? +Who is the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee? +How much has the host committee raised? +Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health, who sponsors the host committee? +What is the name of the program that provides local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl? +What is the name of the program that provides local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl? +How much has the host committee raised? +How much money does the Host Committee dedicate to philanthropic causes? +What is the name of the committee that created the 50 fund? +How much of all money does the Host Committee dedicate to philanthropic causes? +What is the name of the committee that created the 50 fund? +What does the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee vow to be? +How much of all money does the Host Committee dedicate to philanthropic causes? +What is the name of the committee that created the 50 fund? +How much of all money does the Host Committee dedicate to philanthropic causes? +What is the name of the committee that created the 50 fund? +Who is the winner of Super Bowl 50? +How manykarat gold-plated "50"s are awarded to the winner of Super Bowl 50? +What is the total weight of each digit? +Who designed the "50"? +Who designed the "50"? +What is the name of the trophy that all Super Bowl champions receive? +What color is the Vince Lombardi Trophy? +Who designed the "50"? +What is the name of the trophy that all Super Bowl champions receive? +Who designed the "50"? +Who broadcast the game in the United States? +Who called the contest? +Who was on the sidelines during the contest? +How many cameras were in the upper deck? +What resolution did the EyeVision cameras upgrade to for Super Bowl 50? +How many broadcast television partners did CBS have in the United States? +On what sidelines did Nantz and Simms call the contest? +What does EyeVision 360 provide? +What resolution were the EyeVision cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50? +On what sidelines did Nantz and Simms call the contest? +Who broadcast the game in the United States? +How many broadcast television partners did CBS have in the United States? +Who broadcast the game in the United States? +Who called the contest? +Who was on the sidelines during the contest? +What resolution did the EyeVision cameras upgrade to for Super Bowl 50? +What cameras did CBS introduce during the telecast? +Who was the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl? +Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes? +Who was on ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew? +On what date did ESPN announce an agreement with CBS to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl? +In what language was the Super Bowl broadcast in? +Who was the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl? +Who was the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl? +Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes? +Who was the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl? +Who was on ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew? +Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes? +What was the name of the service that provided streaming on smartphones? +How was the Spanish broadcast made available? +What website provided digital streams of the game? +On what console did CBS Sports apps appear? +On tablets, Windows, and what other device were CBS Sports apps available? +What website provided digital streams of the game? +On what console did CBS Sports apps appear? +How was streaming on smartphones provided? +What service was available to Verizon Wireless customers? +How was streaming on smartphones provided? +What service was available to Verizon Wireless customers? +What kind of streams of the game did CBS provide? +How was streaming on smartphones provided? +How was the Spanish broadcast made available? +Along with Stephen Colbert, who appeared on the Late Show after the game? +Along with James Corden, what CBS show featured a special episode of The Late Late Show? +Along with Stephen Colbert, who appeared on the Late Show after the game? +Along with James Corden, what CBS show featured a special episode of The Late Late Show? +Along with Stephen Colbert, who appeared on the Late Show after the game? +What kind of programming did CBS broadcast after a break for local programming? +What episode of The Late Late Show with James Corden aired on CBS? +What was the base rate for a 30-second ad? +What company did Anheuser-Busch InBev sign a multi-year contract with? +What was the final year that Doritos sponsored the Super Bowl? +What was the anniversary of the Pokémon video game? +What was the base rate for a 30-second ad? +What company did Anheuser-Busch InBev sign a multi-year contract with? +What was the final year that Doritos sponsored the Super Bowl? +What company made their Super Bowl debut? +What company made their Super Bowl debut? +What company did Anheuser-Busch InBev sign a multi-year contract with? +What was the final year that Doritos sponsored the Super Bowl? +What company did Anheuser-Busch InBev sign a multi-year contract with? +What was the final year that Doritos sponsored the Super Bowl? +What contest did Doritos hold in the final year of the Super Bowl? +What was the name of the contest that QuickBooks sponsored? +Which coffee company was featured in the "Small Business Big Game" contest? +How long was the "Small Business Big Game" contest? +How many other contenders did Death Wish Coffee beat? +Which coffee company was featured in the "Small Business Big Game" contest? +How many other contenders did Death Wish Coffee beat? +How much did QuickBooks charge for the commercial? +Which coffee company was featured in the "Small Business Big Game" contest? +How many other con artists did Death Wish Coffee beat? +How much did QuickBooks charge for the commercial? +Which coffee company was featured in the "Small Business Big Game" contest? +Who starred in 'The Secret Life of Pets'? +Which movie did Lionsgate pay for? +What movie did Paramount pay for? +Which movie did Fox pay for? +Which movie did Lionsgate pay for? +What movie did Paramount pay for? +Who starred in 'The Secret Life of Pets'? +Which movie did Disney pay for? +Which Independence Day event did Fox pay for? +Who paid for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? +Who paid for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl? +Who will carry the game throughout North America? +Who is the play-by-play announcer for Westwood One? +Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? +Who is the color analyst for Westwood One? +Who is the sideline reporter for Westwood One? +How many people will broadcast the game throughout North America? +Who is the play-by-play announcer for Westwood One? +Who will carry the game throughout North America? +Who is the play-by-play announcer for Westwood One? +Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? +Who is the play-by-play announcer for Westwood One? +Who are the color analysts for Westwood One? +Who are the sideline reporters for Westwood One? +Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage? +Where does Westwood One broadcast the game? +What radio station carries the game? +Who is on play-by-play? +At what time does WBT broadcast in North Carolina? +Where is WBT-FM based? +Who is the color commentator for WBT? +Who is on play-by-play? +Who is on color commentary for the game? +What radio station broadcast the game in North Carolina? +Who is the color commentator for WBT? +What radio stations broadcast the game in Denver? +What is the name of the sister station to WBT? +What radio station broadcasts the contest? +Along with BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live Sports Extra, what station broadcasts the contest in the UK? +Along with Greg Brady and Rocky Boiman, who is on commentary for the BBC's British English broadcast? +Which BBC stations broadcast the contest in the UK? +Along with Darren Fletcher and Rocky Boiman, who was on the BBC's British English broadcast? +Who was the MVP of Super Bowl I and II? +Who was the MVP of Super Bowl V? +Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI? +In what year did Martin die? +Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI? +How many previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were there? +Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI? +Who was the co-MVP of Super Bowl XII? +How many previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were there? +How many previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were there? +Who was the MVP of Super Bowl I and II? +Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI? +Who was the co-MVP of Super Bowl XII? +How many Grammy winners performed the national anthem? +Who performed the national anthem? +Who performed the national anthem? +Who performed the national anthem? +What language did Marlee Matlin use to translate the national anthem? +Who performed the national anthem? +Who provided American Sign Language (ASL)? +Who performed the national anthem? +Who provided American Sign Language (ASL)? +Who performed the national anthem? +How many Grammy winners performed the national anthem? +Who provided American Sign Language (ASL)? +On what date did the league confirm that Coldplay would headline? +What nationality was Coldplay? +Which Super Bowl didBeyoncé headline? +What was the name of the single Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on? +Which Super Bowl did Bruno Mars headline? +What band did Pepsi collaborate with for the Super Bowl halftime show? +Which company confirmed that Beyoncé would be appearing at the Super Bowl? +What was the name of the single Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on? +What band did Pepsi collaborate with for the Super Bowl halftime show? +Who collaborated with Coldplay on the single "Hymn for the Weekend"? +What was the name of the single that Beyoncé collaborated with Coldplay on? +Who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show? +Which team took the opening kickoff and started out strong? +Which receiver did Peyton Manning throw a 22-yard pass to? +Who tackled Shaq Thompson for a 3-yard loss? +Who kicked a 34-yard field goal? +Who moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line? +How many yards was Peyton Manning able to complete on the opening kickoff? +Who tackled Ronnie Hillman for a 3-yard loss? +Who kicked a 34-yard field goal? +What was the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit? +Which team took the opening kickoff and started out strong? +Which tight end did Peyton Manning pass to on the opening kickoff? +Who moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line? +Who kicked a 34-yard field goal? +What was the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit? +Who stated he disagreed with the call? +Who appeared to complete a 24-yard pass to Jerricho Cotchery? +Which linebacker knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him? +Who recovered the ball from Newton? +What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl? +Who called the pass an incompletion? +Who stated he disagreed with the call? +Which linebacker knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him? +Who recovered the ball from Newton? +When was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl? +Who stated he disagreed with the call? +Which linebacker knocked the ball out of Newton's hands while sacking him? +Who recovered the ball from Newton? +What was the first fumble return touchdown in a Super Bowl? +Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run? +Who called a fair catch on Jordan Norwood? +What was the final score of the game? +How many times did Norwood return for a Super Bowl record? +How many yards was McManus's field goal? +How many yards of total passes did Newton complete? +Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run? +How long did it take for the score to be 10-7? +Who received Brad Nortman's short 28-yard punt surrounded by Panthers players? +How many yards was McManus's field goal? +Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run? +How long was McManus's field goal? +Who tackled Tolbert? +Who recovered the fumble? +Which defensive end tipped a Manning pass to himself? +Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left? +Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left? +Who lost a fumble on Carolina's next possession? +Which defensive end tipped a Manning pass to himself? +How many yards did Ealy return the ball to the Panthers 39-yard line? +Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left? +Who lost a fumble on Carolina's next possession? +Who recovered the fumble? +Which defensive end tipped a Manning pass to himself? +What did the Panthers have to do? +Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left? +Who completed a 45-yard pass to Newton? +Who hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt? +How many yards was the field goal attempt? +Who kicked a 33-yard field goal that gave the Broncos a 16-7 lead? +Who intercepted the Newton pass? +Who completed a 45-yard pass to Newton? +Where did Graham Gano hit the uprights? +Who intercepted the Newton pass? +Who recovered the ball that Ward fumbled? +Who completed a 45-yard pass to Newton? +Where did the Broncos stop the drive on the 26-yard line? +Who hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt? +Who completed a pair of passes to Manning? +Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand on the next play? +How many yards did the field goal set up? +Who had a 16-yard reception? +Who ran for a 12-yard run? +Where did the Broncos drive to in the fourth quarter? +Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand on the next play? +On which side of the field did Ealy recover the ball? +How many drives of the game would end in punts? +Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand on the next play? +On which side of the field did Ealy recover the ball? +How many yards did the field goal set up? +How many drives of the game would end in punts? +What was the final score of the game? +Who recovered the ball from Miller? +Who was called for a holding penalty? +Who scored on a 2-yard touchdown run? +Who completed a pass to Manning for a 2-point conversion? +Who stripped the ball away from Newton on the next play? +How long did it take for Miller to recover the ball? +Who recovered the ball from Miller? +Who was called for a holding penalty? +How long did it take for the Broncos to have a lead? +What time did Carolina get the ball on their own 24-yard line with a chance to mount a game-winning drive? +Who stripped the ball away from Newton on the next play? +How long did it take for Miller to recover the ball? +How many plays were the Broncos kept out of the end zone? +Who scored on a 2-yard touchdown run? +How many total tackles did Miller have? +How many touchdowns did Manning have? +How many receptions did Anderson have? +Who had seven total tackles? +How many touchdowns did Manning have? +How many touchdowns did Manning have? +How many touchdowns did Manning have? +Who was the game's leading rusher? +How many receptions did Sanders have? +Who had seven total tackles? +How many receptions did Sanders have? +Who was the game's leading rusher? +How many field goals did Manus make in the post-season? +How many touchdowns did Manning have? +How many receptions did Anderson have? +How many total yards did Denver have? +How many first downs did Denver have? +What team had the previous record of 244 yards? +Who is Jordan Norwood? +What is the record lowest aggregate passer rating for a Super Bowl? +How many total yards did Denver have? +How many first downs did Denver have? +Which team had the most sacks in Super Bowl XX? +How many sacks did the Broncos record in Super Bowl XX? +How many first downs did Denver have? +How many first downs did Denver have? +How many sacks did the Broncos record in Super Bowl XX? +Which team had the most sacks in Super Bowl XX? +What was the combined third down conversion percentage in the Super Bowl? +What award did Maria Skłodowska-Curie win? +In what year was Pulaski born? +Who was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize? +Who are two famous musicians? +How old was Chopin when he moved to Warsaw? +How many different species of trees are there? +When was the Krasiński Palace Garden remodeled? +What was the name of the royal garden in Saxon? +Where is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier located? +Which park covers the area of 76 ha? +How far from Warsaw is the Vistula river? +How many bird species are there? +How many natural reserves are in Warsaw? +How many oxbow lakes are in Warsaw? +When are most lakes emptied? +What was the most diverse city in Poland? +How many people were of polish mother tongue? +What percentage of the Russian population are Jews? +What religion was a significant minority in Warsaw? +What is most of modern day population growth based on? +What is the second academic school of technology in the country? +How many professors doesWarsaw University of Technology employ? +What is the largest medical school in Poland? +When was the University of Warsaw established? +What is the oldest music school in Poland? +When was the University Library founded? +How many items are in the University Library? +Who designed the building? +Who designed the University Library garden? +How large is the garden? +What did Warsaw suffer during its time as an Eastern Bloc economy? +What was the name of the plan to rebuild Poland? +Why has Warsaw seen many improvements over the past decade? +Has the city's metro, roads, sidewalks, health care facilities and sanitation facilities improved or decreased? +What city has some of the best medical facilities? +What is the highest-reference hospital in all of Poland? +What is one of the largest and most modern oncological institutions in Europe? +How many beds are in the clinical section? +What has developed a lot over the past years? +What is the name of the musical venue in Warsaw? +What type of events does Warsaw host? +Where is the Congress Hall located? +Where is the Congress Hall located? +What type of events does Warsaw host? +What is the Saxon Garden? +What is another name for Ogród Saski? +When was the Summer Theatre in operation? +What was the name of Warsaw's first literary cabaret? +What was the best example ofPolish monumental theatre? +What is the Polish for Wreaths? +How many people attended the Wianki festival? +What is the name of the festival held on the Vistula? +What did maidens do to predict when they would be married? +What do people look for on Midsummer's Eve? +What is one of the largest collections of art posters in the world? +How many museums are in Warsaw? +How many museums are in Warsaw? +What is one of the best collections of paintings in the country? +What does the Museum of the Polish Army's set depict? +Where is the Warsaw Uprising Museum located? +What museum preserves the memory of the crime? +What type of theater is the Warsaw Uprising Museum? +What museum preserves patriotic and political objects connected with Poland's struggles for independence? +How many rooms are in the Warsaw Historical Museum? +In what century was the Royal Ujazdów Castle built? +How many projects does the Centre realize a year? +What is the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw? +Who organizes exhibitions of modern art? +When is Warsaw Gallery Weekend held? +What is the name of Polonia Warsaw's local rival? +In what year did they win the country's championship? +How many times did they win the cup? +Where is Polonia's home venue located? +Why was Poland relegated from the top flight in 2013? +What is the mermaid's name? +What is Warsaw's symbol? +How long has this imagery been in use? +When was the oldest armed seal of Warsaw created? +What did the sea monster hold in its claws? +What is the origin of the ary figure? +Where did Triton's daughters set out? +On what coast of Denmark did one of the group decide to stay? +Where did fishermen come to admire her beauty? +Who captured the mermaid? +Where was Tamara de Lempicka born? +When was Maria Górska born? +What style of art did Elizabeth represent? +What is Nathan Alterman's occupation? +Who described Warsaw in many of his novels? +Who ranked Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world in 2012? +In what year did the Economist Intelligence Unit rank Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world? +What isWarsaw's economy characterized by? +What is one of the largest and most important in Central and Eastern Europe? +What is the European Union agency for external border security? +When was the first historical reference to Warsaw? +What was the first historical reference to Warsaw? +When did King Sigismund III Vasa move his court from Kraków to Warsaw? +Who moved his court from Kraków to Warsaw? +Why didWarsaw gain the title of the "Phoenix City"? +What is the seat of the Roman Catholic archdiocese? +What is the name of the Academy of Sciences? +What is the name of the UNESCO World Heritage Site in Warsaw? +What is one of the main attractions of Castle Square? +What type of gardens are in the city? +What isWarsaw's name in the polish language? +What does Warszewa mean? +What century was Warsz? +What did Warsz own? +What is the official name of Warsaw? +Where were the first fortified settlements located? +Who was the Prince of Płock? +When was Warsaw established? +In what year did Masovian Duchy become the official capital? +When was the duchy reincorporated into the polish Crown? +Who became the seat of the General Sejm? +In what year did the General Sejm become permanent? +What did the Warsaw Confederation establish? +Why did Warsaw become the capital of the Commonwealth? +When did King Sigismund III Vasa move his court from Kraków to Warsaw? +In what year wasWarsaw annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia? +Who annexed Warsaw in 1796? +WhoLiberated Warsaw in 1806? +In what year did Congress of Vienna take place? +When was the Royal University of Warsaw established? +When did Germany occupyWarsaw? +In what year did Germany withdraw from areas controlled by Russia? +Who set up the Second Polish Republic? +In what year was the Battle of Warsaw fought? +Who was defeated in the Battle of Warsaw? +On what date did the German invade Poland? +What was the name of the German colonial administration in Central Poland? +What percentage of Warsaw's Jewish population was herded into the Warsaw Ghetto? +When was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising launched? +How long did the Ghetto hold out? +Which army was deep into Polish territory? +What was Stalin hostile to? +When did the Warsaw Uprising begin? +How long did the armed struggle last? +How many deaths are estimated in Poland? +What was the name of the campaign that started after World War II? +What type of housing projects were erected in Warsaw to address the housing shortage? +What is the name of the Eastern Bloc city? +What was the name of the building that was given to the Soviet Union? +On what list was Warsaw's historic Old Town inscribed in 1980? +In what year did John Paul II visit his native country? +What did John Paul II's visits to his native country encourage? +How long after becoming pope did John Paul celebrate Mass? +Where did John Paul celebrate Mass in 1979? +What was the incentive for the democratic changes? +How far isWarsaw from the Carpathian Mountains? +How far is Warsaw from Berlin? +The city straddles what river? +How tall is Szczęśliwice hill? +Where is the lowest point? +How many main geomorphologic formations are inWarsaw? +What is the name of the valley inWarsaw? +What is another name for the plain? +What river divides Warsaw into two parts? +What is the edge of moraine plateau called? +What is the name of the plain that has only a few natural ponds? +Which terrace contains former flooded terraces? +The contemporary flooded terrace still has visible valleys and what else? +What is the name of the plain Vistula terraces? +What is the name of the area that is mainly forested? +What is the turbulent history ofWarsaw? +When was Warsaw razed to the ground? +What happened after the liberation of PRL? +Where is Leopold Kronenberg Palace located? +What is typical of Eastern bloc countries? +What type of architecture is represented in the majestic churches? +When was St. John's Cathedral built? +What style of architecture is St. John's Cathedral? +What is one of the most notable examples of architecture in the city? +What type of architecture is the Royal Castle? +When did building activity occur in numerous noble palaces and churches? +When was St. Kazimierz Church built? +What type of architecture is Czapski Palace? +What type of architecture can be described by simplicity of geometrical forms? +When was the Palace on the Water built? +What type of architecture was not restored after the war? +Who restored bourgeois architecture in the later periods? +What style of architecture did the Kronenberg Palace and Insurance Company Rosja building have? +What is the most interesting building in the late 19th century? +What are the most distinctive buildings in prewar Warsaw? +What is commemorating the heroic history of Warsaw? +What is the name of the infamous German Gestapo prison? +What is the name of the 19th century fortification built after the defeat of the November Uprising? +Who was Little Insurgent? +What is the name of the monument that commemorates the Warsaw Uprising? +What kind of garden is the University Library? +Where is a palm house located? +What is the name of the big park in Mokotowskie? +What park is close to Sejm and John Lennon street? +When was a zoological garden established on the park grounds? +What city is located within the border region of several big floral regions? +Bielany Forest is within the borders of what city? +What is the remaining part of the Masovian Primeval Forest? +What is the name of the big forest area in Kabaty? +How many botanic gardens are in Warsaw? +How many people lived in Warsaw in 1945? +How many people lived in Warsaw in 1945? +When was the Warsaw area enlargement? +What did Varsovians think of themselves as? +What was the first remedial measure? +What type of culture does Warsaw have? +What was the population of the 1901 census? +According to the 1901 census, what percentage of the population were Catholics? +What percentage of the population were Greek orthodox Christians? +When was the Warsaw Uprising? +What is the basic unit of territorial division in Poland? +What are counties or powiats? +What is the name of the city in which Lublin is located? +How many members are on the Warsaw City Council? +How many members are on the Warsaw City Council? +How often are council members elected? +What does the City Council divide itself into? +How long does it take for the Council to override a veto? +What is the mayor of Warsaw called? +Who was the first Warsaw President? +When was Jan Andrzej Menich president? +Who elected the President of Warsaw in 1990? +Who elected the mayor of Centrum in 1994-1999? +What is another name forWarsaw's city centre? +How many companies were registered in Hyderabad in 2006? +Where was Warsaw ranked in terms of emerging markets? +How much of Poland's national income doesWarsaw produce? +What was the total nominal GDP of the city in 2010? +When wasWarsaw's first stock exchange established? +When didWarsaw's first stock exchange cease trading? +When was the free-market economy re-established? +How many companies are listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange? +What is the name of the Polish United Workers' Party? +When was the FSO Car Factory established? +What was the name of the Fiat 125p? +Who purchased the South Korean car manufacturer in 1995? +Who bought the Chevrolet Aveo in 2005? +What car did AvtoZAZ manufacture? +What is the polish name forWarsaw? +What is the capital of Poland? +What river is in east-central Poland? +How many people live in Warsaw? +What ranking does Warsaw hold in the European Union? +What is the capital of Poland? +What river is in east-central Poland? +How far is the Vistula River from the Baltic Sea? +How many people live in Warsaw? +What ranking does Warsaw hold in the European Union? +Where did the Normans live? +When did the Normans give their name to Normandy? +Where did the pirates come from? +Who was the leader of the Norman pirates? +When did the distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerge? +Who led the Norman conquest of England in 1066? +Who formed the Duchy of Normandy? +What orthodoxy did the Normans assimilate into? +What does the word Nordmannus mean? +In what century was the word Nordmannus first used? +When did the Duchy of Normandy begin? +Who signed the treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte? +What river did the Duchy extend west beyond? +What was Rollo's nickname before? +What religion did Rollo's Vikings replace with? +Where did the "Norman" culture originate? +How long had Normandy been exporting fighting horsemen? +In what year did a Saracen attack occur? +Where did the Norman pilgrims visit in 1016? +Where was the shrine of the Archangel Michael? +Who was the Hauteville leader? +Who was the elected leader of Melfi? +Who captured Sicily and Malta from the Normans? +When was Roger II crowned king? +Where is William Iron Arm's citadel located? +What was the title of the treatise written by al-Idrisi? +What does Kitab Rudjdjar mean? +What kind of bureaucracy does the bureaucracy of Jews, Muslims and Christians have? +Who did the Normans fight against in Armenia? +When did Hervé serve as a Byzantine general? +Who led the Normans of Edessa against the Turks? +Who stopped Roussel de Bailleul? +What does Afranji mean? +Who led a force of Franks into the upper Euphrates valley? +Who did the Normans join? +What was the nationality of the Norman mercenary? +Who drove the Byzantines out of southern Italy? +In what year was Dyrrachium betrayed? +How many men were in the army? +Where was the citadel of Mili located? +Who commanded the Normans after the First Crusade? +Where was the citadel of Mili located? +In what year did a Norman army invade Dyrrachium? +Where did the Norman army invade? +Where was Dyrrachium located? +Who was King Ethelred II? +Who was Emma's father? +Where was Duke Richard II from? +Who forced Ethelred from his kingdom? +Who brought with him a Norman-educated mind? +When did Edward the Confessor return from his father's refuge? +Who was the archbishop of Canterbury? +At what battle did Duke William II of Normandy kill King Harold II? +Who killed King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings? +In what year did Duke William II of Normandy conquer England? +What group replaced the Normans? +What did Modern English evolve into? +When did the Normans invade Bannow Bay? +Where did the Normans settle? +What did the Normans have a profound effect on? +Who was one of the claimants of the English throne opposing William the Conqueror? +Who was King Malcolm III of? +When did William invade Scotland? +Who did Malcolm surrender as a hostage? +Who did King David I marry? +Who built castles in Scotland? +Where did Edward the Confessor set up Ralph? +Who did Edward the Confessor war with? +Who set up Ralph as earl of Hereford? +What part of Wales was subject to Norman interference? +In what year did Roger de Tosny travel to the Iberian Peninsula? +Who led the papal army during the War of Barbastro? +When was the Siege of Antioch? +Who was Bohemond of Taranto's nephew? +What city did Tancred conquer? +How long did Western European domination of Cyprus last? +What event dispersed the fleet? +What was the name of the woman on the boat? +When did Richard the Lion-hearted leave Messina? +Who was the despot who tookSurvivors of the wrecks prisoner? +Who did all declare their support for? +What was Isaac confined with? +Who arrived in Limassol at the same time as the princes of the Holy Land? +Who married Berengaria of Navarre? +When was the wedding held? +What was the name of the double coronation? +In what year did the Venetians acquire full control of the island? +Who bought Cyprus in 1192? +Where were the Canarian islands located? +Who took the title of King of the Canary Islands? +Who was the 2nd Count de Niebla? +Who sold the rights to the islands in 1418? +Where are the legal systems of Jersey and Guernsey located? +How many customaries were transcribed in Latin? +What type of idiom was spread to England and Italy? +What shape did arches have? +What style of architecture precedes the Anglo-Saxon? +What is the name of the Anglo-Saxon style of architecture? +Where did the Norman-Arab style originate? +When did the dukes begin a programme of church reform? +Who began a programme of church reform in the 11th century? +When did the French Wars of Religion take place? +What type of embroidery is the Bayeux Tapestry? +What is the most famous Norman art work? +Who commissioned the Bishop of Bayeux? +What type of mosaics were common in Norman Italy? +In what century did the development of classical music begin in Normandy? +Who were the abbots at Fécamp? +Where did the monks of Saint-Evroul flee to? +What type of monastery did the monks establish? +Who patronised the monks of Saint-Evroul? +What tradition had developed at Saint Evroul? +When was Nikola Tesla born? +What nationality was Nikola Tesla? +When did Nikola Tesla die? +When was Nikola Tesla born? +When did Nikola Tesla die? +What nationality was Nikola Tesla? +What type of electricity supply system did Tesla design? +In what year did Tesla emigrate to the United States? +Who did Tesla work for in New York City? +Who licensed Tesla's AC induction motor and transformer? +In what city did Tesla work for Thomas Edison? +What was the name of the corporate alternating current/direct current war? +In what year did Tesla emigrate to the United States? +Who did Tesla work for in New York City? +In what city did Tesla work for Thomas Edison? +Who licensed Tesla's AC induction motor and transformer? +What type of motor did Westinghouse use? +When did Tesla make his early pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices? +What type of power experiments did Tesla conduct? +Along with mechanical oscillators, electrical discharge tubes, and early X-ray imaging, what type of imaging was performed in his lab? +In what city did Tesla conduct high-frequency power experiments? +When did Tesla make his early pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices? +What was the name of the first wireless controlled boat? +What was the name of the unfinished project? +When did Tesla die? +What unit of magnetic flux density was named in his honor? +Where did he live most of his life? +What was Tesla's nickname in popular culture? +What earned him a considerable amount of money? +When did Tesla die? +What unit of magnetic flux density was named in his honor? +When did the resurgence in popular interest in Tesla begin? +What was Tesla known for? +What modern-day country is Smiljan located in? +What religion was Tesla's father? +What didNikola attribute to his mother's influence? +What didNikola attribute his eidetic memory and creative abilities to? +What religion was Tesla's father? +What was the name of Tesla's father? +Who was Tesla's mother? +What did Tesla's mother memorize? +What didNikola attribute his mother's genetics to? +How many children did Tesla have? +What language did Tesla study? +In what year did the Tesla family move to Gospić? +Who was Dane's older brother? +Along with Milka, Angelina, and Marica, what sisters did Dane have? +How old was Dane when he was killed? +Where did Tesla's father work? +What was Tesla's father's occupation? +Who was Tesla's math teacher? +Where were the classes held? +What type of calculus did Tesla perform? +What did Tesla's teachers think of him? +In what year did he graduate? +In what year did Tesla move to Karlovac? +Where did Tesla go to school? +Who was Tesla's math teacher? +Where were the classes held? +In what year did he graduate? +What disease did Tesla contracted? +How long was Tesla bedridden? +What school did Tesla's father promise to send him to? +What did Tesla's father originally want him to do? +Where did Tesla return to in 1873? +In what year did Tesla return to Smiljan? +What disease did Tesla contracted? +How long was Tesla bedridden? +What did Tesla's father originally want him to do? +What school did Tesla's father promise to send him to? +Where did Tesla run away to? +Who said that Twain read many books while in Tomingaj? +Where did he explore? +In what year did Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army? +Where did he explore the mountains? +Who was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army? +In what year did Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army? +Where did he explore the mountains? +Who said that Twain read many books while in Tomingaj? +In what year did Tesla enroll at Austrian Polytechnic? +Where did Tesla enroll in 1875? +In what year did Tesla's father die? +What did Tesla become addicted to? +How many Sundays did Tesla claim he worked? +Where is the Austrian Polytechnic located? +In what year did Tesla enroll at Austrian Polytechnic? +In what year did Tesla's father die? +What did Tesla do during his third year? +How would Tesla be killed? +Where did Tesla leave in 1878? +Why did Tesla leave Graz? +What did Tesla work as? +What did Milutin Tesla ask his son to do? +What type of breakdown didNikola suffer? +In what year did Tesla leave Graz? +Why did Tesla drop out of school? +Who thought that Tesla drowned in the Mur River? +How many florins a month did Tesla work? +What type of breakdown didNikola suffer? +Why was Tesla returned to Gospić under police guard? +When was Tesla returned to Gospić? +How old was Milutin Tesla when he died? +What do some sources say Milutin Tesla died of? +Who taught a large class of students in his old school? +How was Tesla returned to Gospić? +When was Tesla returned to Gospić? +What was the name of Tesla's old school? +What is another name for stroke? +Where did Tesla leave Gospić for? +How long did he arrive at Charles-Ferdinand University? +How did Tesla attend lectures at the university? +What university did Charles-Ferdinand attend? +Where did Tesla leave Gospić for? +In what year did Tesla leave Gospić? +What university did Charles-Ferdinand attend? +How many of Tesla's uncles helped him leave Gospić? +Where did Tesla move in 1881? +What telegraph company did Ferenc Puskás work for? +Who was allocated the chief electrician position? +What did Tesla claim to have perfected? +What office did Tesla work in? +In what year did Tesla move to Budapest? +What company did Ferenc Puskás work for? +What telegraph company did Ferenc Puskás work for? +Who was allocated the chief electrician position? +In what year did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company? +Where did Tesla work for the Continental Edison Company? +In which city did Thomas Edison work? +Who hired Edison to work on Manhattan's lower east side? +What company did Edison work for? +What company did Tesla work for? +Where did Tesla work for the Continental Edison Company? +When did he relocate to New York City? +Who hired Edison to work on Manhattan's lower east side? +On what side of Manhattan did Edison work? +How much money did Edison say was in it for Tesla? +How much did Edison offer to Tesla? +How long did it take for Tesla to complete the task? +How much money did Edison say was in it for Tesla? +How much did Edison offer to Tesla? +How much did Edison offer to Tesla? +What two businessmen partnered with Tesla to finance an electric lighting company? +What company did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail finance? +What type of illumination system did Tesla install? +What were the first patents issued to Tesla in the US? +What were the first patents issued to Tesla in the US? +What two businessmen partnered with Tesla to finance an electric lighting company? +In what year did Tesla partner with two businessmen? +What company did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail finance? +What type of illumination system did Tesla install? +What company did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail partner with to finance? +What happened to Tesla? +How did Tesla react to being forced out? +What kind of digger did he work? +When did Tesla consider the winter of 1886/1887 as a time of "terrible headaches and bitter tears"? +Who assigned patents to the company in lieu of stock? +What kind of digger did he work? +Where did he work? +What was Alfred S. Brown's occupation? +When did Peck and Brown form the Tesla Electric Company? +What was the goal of the agreement? +Where was Tesla's laboratory located? +In what year did Tesla meet Alfred S. Brown? +What company did Alfred S. Brown work for? +Who met Alfred S. Brown in 1886? +Where is Tesla's laboratory located? +What was the name of the company formed by Peck and Brown? +What type of motor did Tesla develop at his laboratory? +When was the patented electric motor patented? +What did the electric motor not need? +What did the electric motor avoid? +What was the design of the electric motor? +In what year did Tesla develop an induction motor? +Why did Tesla use alternating current? +What type of brushes did the electric motor use? +In what year was the electric motor patented? +What magazine did Thomas Commerford Martin work for? +Where did Tesla demonstrate his alternating current system? +In what year did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system? +What did Westinghouse decide would probably control the market? +Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888? +Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888? +Who reported that Tesla had a viable AC motor and related power system? +Who presented a patent on a commutator-less induction motor? +Who presented a patent on a commutator-less induction motor? +Who reported that Tesla had a viable AC motor and related power system? +When did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with George Westinghouse? +How much did Brown and Peck receive in cash and stock? +Who did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with? +What type of consultant did Westinghouse hire Tesla for? +How much did Brown and Peck receive in cash and stock? +When did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with George Westinghouse? +How much did Westinghouse pay for Tesla for one year? +In what city did Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company's labs operate? +What city did Tesla work in? +What system did Tesla use to power Pittsburgh's streetcars? +What type of motor did Tesla propose? +What type of motor did they use instead of DC traction? +What system did Tesla work on in Pittsburgh? +What type of motor did they end up using? +Who was in the "War of Currents"? +What type of lighting system did Edison and Westinghouse compete against? +What type of development did Edison Machine Works pursue? +What company consolidated Edison Machine Works in 1892? +What was the name of the electrical distribution battle between Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse? +Who was the leader of the "War of Currents"? +In what year did the "War of Currents" begin? +What was the financial strain of buying up patents and hiring the engineers needed to build it? +What company consolidated Edison Machine Works in 1892? +Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition? +Where was the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held? +Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition? +What was the name of the banner at the Columbian Exposition? +What was the name of the banner at the Columbian Exposition? +Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition? +Where was the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held? +In what year did George Westinghouse win the bid to light the World's Columbian Exposition? +What was a key event in the history of AC power? +Who headed up the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company? +Where did Richard Dean Adams work? +Who awarded the contract for building a two-phase AC system at the Niagara Falls? +Who won the contract to build the AC distribution system? +What type of system did Tesla believe would be the most reliable? +Who headed up the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company? +In what year did Richard Dean Adams seek Tesla's opinion? +What type of system did Tesla suggest would be most reliable? +Which system was the most reliable? +When was a patent-sharing agreement signed between the two companies? +How much was the lump sum payment for the patents? +How much did Westinghouse get per AC horsepower royalty? +How much did Westinghouse pay for Tesla's AC patent? +Who backed General Electric? +How much did Westinghouse pay in royalties to Tesla, Brown, and Peck? +How much was the lump sum payment for the patents? +How old was Tesla on July 30, 1891? +Where was Tesla's laboratory located? +What type of lamps were used at both locations? +What was the name of the coil patented in the same year? +In what year did Tesla become a naturalized citizen of the United States? +What coil was patented in the same year? +How old was Tesla on July 30, 1891? +What type of light did he use at both locations? +What organization did Tesla serve as vice president of? +What organization did Tesla serve as vice president of? +When did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? +What position did Tesla hold? +When did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? +What is another name for the American Institute of Electrical Engineers? +What did Tesla notice in his laboratory? +When was the 5th Avenue laboratory fire? +When was Wilhelm Röntgen's X-ray image discovered? +What was the only thing captured in the image? +In what year did Tesla begin investigating radiant energy? +What was another name for "Roentgen rays"? +When was the 5th Avenue laboratory fire? +What kind of image did Tesla capture? +Who was illuminated by a Geissler tube? +What did Wilhelm Röntgen discover? +In what year did Wilhelm Röntgen discover X-ray? +What is another name for X-ray and X-Ray imaging? +What did Tesla use to produce X-rays? +What is the modern term for the phenomenon produced by this device? +In what year did Wilhelm Röntgen discover X-ray? +What is the modern term for the phenomenon produced by this device? +What type of rays did Tesla believe the instrument would enable one to generate? +What did Tesla incorrectly believe were longitudinal waves? +What caused damage to the skin? +What did he attribute to various causes of skin damage? +What were the hazards of working with Tesla's X-ray production devices? +Where can plasma waves occur? +What was ozone generated in contact with? +What did Tesla incorrectly believe were longitudinal waves? +Where can plasma waves occur? +What did he attribute to various causes of skin damage? +Who was a Westinghouse engineer at the beginning of 1893? +What year did Westinghouse engineer Benjamin Lamme start developing an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor? +What company did Benjamin Lamme work for? +What was the name of the copper egg stand on end? +Who showed how to make a copper egg stand on end? +In what year did the New York Herald Tribune publish an article on Tesla? +What did a particle do to Tesla? +Where did Tesla feel a sharp stinging pain? +What did Tesla compare the particles with? +What organization held demonstrations in St. Louis in 1893? +What device was used in the development of radio? +Where was the Franklin Institute held in 1893? +In what year did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat? +What did Tesla call his boat? +Where did Tesla demonstrate his radio-controlled boat? +What was the name of the exhibition that Tesla demonstrated in 1898? +What animal was hidden inside the boat? +In what year was Tesla granted patents for a system of transmitting electrical energy? +Who made the first transatlantic radio transmission? +When did Guglielmo Marconi make his famous first-ever transatlantic radio transmission? +In what year did a Supreme Court decision restore the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone? +Who restored the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone? +When did Tesla move to Colorado Springs? +Where did Tesla transmit signals from? +On what date did Tesla perform his first experiments? +How long was Tesla's initial spark length? +What type of signals did Tesla observe? +What type of waves did he observe during this time? +What type of frequency did Tesla believe the earth had? +What was the name of the artificial form of lightning? +How long was the lightning? +How far away from Cripple Creek was the thunder heard? +How did light bulbs glow even when turned off? +How were Butterflies electrified? +What happened to the power station generator? +How were dynamos burned out? +What caused heavy sparks to jump through the windings and destroy insulation? +What did the sparks do to the insulation? +What did Tesla conclude may be the signal from his receiver? +Where did Tesla hear signals from? +When did Collier publish his article "Talking With Planets"? +What did Marconi intercept in 1899? +When did Marconi intercept Marconi's European experiments? +How much did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla? +Why did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla? +How did Tesla use the money to fund his Colorado Springs experiments? +In what year did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla? +When did Tesla leave Colorado Springs? +What happened to Tesla's lab in 1904? +In what year was his lab torn down? +What happened to the contents of his lab? +What was the name of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility? +What was the name of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility? +Where is Wardenclyffe located? +Who asked for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter? +What event caused Tesla to say he was affected by? +How did Morgan feel about Tesla's breach of contract? +How many letters did Tesla write to Morgan? +How many letters did Tesla send to Morgan? +Where did Marconi transmit the letter S from? +How tall is the tower? +How many kilowatts of horsepower did Tesla demonstrate on his 50th birthday? +How many rpm was Tesla's bladeless turbine? +In what year did Tesla celebrate his 50th birthday? +How many hp were the bladeless turbine engines tested at? +What type of mechanical oscillator did Tesla invent? +Where did Tesla experiment with mechanical oscillators? +Where did the machine oscillate? +Where was the article published? +How many times did the earth split? +What did Tesla theorize enhanced intelligence from? +What was the plan to make dull students bright? +Who was the superintendent of New York City schools at the time? +Who was the superintendent of New York City schools at the time? +What did Tesla seek before World War I? +What did Tesla lose after the war started? +How much did Wardenclyffe cost? +How much did Wardenclyffe cost? +What award did Tesla receive? +What magazine did Tesla publish in 1917? +How was the signal viewed? +What kind of radar is the fluorescent screen similar to? +Who helped develop France's first radar system? +Who won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics? +Who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915? +What were unsubstantiated rumors at the time? +How could a recipient decline a Nobel Prize? +Why did Edison and Tesla receive the award? +How many possible bids did Edison receive in 1937? +Who won the prize in 1915? +In what year did Tesla receive one of 38 possible bids? +What was Tesla's last patent? +What is another name for a VTOL aircraft? +How much did the plane sell for? +What type of engines were used in rotor aircraft? +How much did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company begin paying Tesla per month? +Where did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla rent? +For how long did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla's rent? +What was Westinghouse worried about? +What did Tesla announce in 1935? +What did Tesla announce in 1935? +How much loss did Tesla's method of transmitting mechanical energy have over any terrestrial distance? +What was Tesla's method of accurately determining the location of? +In what year did Tesla announce a method of transmitting mechanical energy with minimal loss over any terrestrial distance? +What did Tesla feed the pigeons? +Why did Tesla refuse to consult a doctor? +How many of Tesla's ribs were broken in the accident? +When was Tesla able to get up? +In what year did Tesla leave the Hotel New Yorker? +What type of weapon did Tesla claim he had? +What was the name of the generator Tesla studied? +What type of infantry was Tesla's weapon capable of being used against? +What type of purposes did Tesla describe the weapon as capable of? +What is another name for a peace ray? +In what year did Tesla speak at a luncheon in his honor? +What event did Tesla hold in 1937? +What type of material is the device based on? +What type of voltage is the tungsten pellets accelerated via? +How much time will pass before I can give it to the world? +What type of weapons did Tesla write a treatise about? +Where is the treatise currently located? +Where is the treatise currently located? +How many volts does the gas jet seal charge particles to? +What was the goal of the description of a superweapon? +What did Tesla say had been made to steal during the negotiations? +What was the blueprint for the teleforce weapon? +What had been scrutinized in his room? +How old was Tesla when he died? +On what date did Tesla die? +Who found Tesla's body? +What sign did Alice Monaghan ignore? +What was the cause of death of H.W. Wembly? +Who ordered the Alien Property Custodian to seize Tesla's belongings? +Who is a professor at M.I.T. and a well-known electrical engineer? +What did Trump conclude would constitute a hazard in unfriendly hands? +What company transported Tesla's estate from the Hotel New Yorker to? +Who was the mayor of New York City in 1943? +Who wrote the eulogy for La Guardia? +On what date did Tesla die? +How many people attended the state funeral for Tesla? +Where was Tesla's funeral held? +Where was Tesla's estate shipped in 1952? +Who was Tesla's nephew? +Who was Kosanovic's secretary in 1957? +Where was Tesla's estate shipped in 1952? +Where are the ashes displayed? +How many patents did Tesla obtain? +How many patents have been issued to Tesla? +Where were many of Tesla's patents approved? +Where have some of Tesla's patents been found? +At what time did Tesla have dinner? +How long did Tesla work every day? +What time did Tesla usually resume his work? +Who was Tesla's headwaiter? +How many miles did Tesla walk per day? +How many miles did Tesla walk per day? +How many times did he squish his toes every night? +What type of cells did he say squished his toes stimulated? +What did Tesla not believe in? +Who did Tesla say did not believe in telepathy? +How many fundamental laws did Tesla believe could be reduced to? +What animal did Tesla feed at the park? +How much did Tesla spend to build a device that supported her bones? +What was the purpose of the device? +Where did Tesla walk to at the end of his life? +Where did Tesla bring injured pigeons to? +How many pounds did Tesla weigh? +How tall was Tesla? +In what year did Tesla's weight variance end? +Where did Tesla live? +How many languages did Tesla speak? +What would appear before his eyes? +What is another name for picture thinking? +What kind of flashes of light would appear before his eyes? +What kind of memory did Tesla supposedly possess? +How long did Tesla spend at a gaming table? +How long did Tesla work in his laboratory? +Where did Tesla spend his second year of study? +Who confirmed that Tesla rarely slept? +What profession did Kenneth Swezey hold? +What did Tesla say was helpful to his scientific abilities? +How many women have been rumored to have been in love with Tesla? +When did Tesla say he made too great a sacrifice to his work? +Who was his loyal secretary? +Who described Robert Underwood Johnson as "distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force"? +What was Tesla prone to? +What type of person was Tesla? +Who was Tesla's friend? +Who was Tesla a close friend of in middle age? +Where did Tesla and Twain spend most of their time? +When did Tesla befriend George Sylvester Viereck? +What did Tesla express disgust for? +Why did Tesla fire a secretary? +Why did Tesla fire a secretary? +What did Tesla direct a subordinate to do? +What type of charge did Tesla believe could exist in an experimental vacuum? +What type of energy transmitted electrical energy in the 19th century? +What did the all pervasive "ether" transmit? +In what century was the concept of an all pervasive "ether" created? +What theory of relativity was Einstein critical of? +How did Tesla view theories about the conversion of matter into energy? +What theory was Einstein critical of? +What theory did Tesla claim to have completed in 1937? +In what year did Tesla start working on his own physical principle? +What did Tesla say would put an end to idle speculations and false conceptions? +How old was Tesla in 1937? +What type of breeding was Tesla a proponent of? +What did he believe had interfered with the natural workings of nature? +What did he believe had interfered with the natural "ruthless workings of nature"? +In what year was he interviewed? +Who did Tesla comment on in 1926? +In what year did Tesla comment on the ills of the social subservience of women? +Who did Tesla say would run humanity's future? +What war did Tesla predict would lead to the Consummation of the War? +What are the great Forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War? +On what date was the article "Science and Discovery are the great Forces of the War" published? +What group did Tesla believe was not a solution for the times and issues? +What religion was Tesla raised in? +What type of fanaticism did he oppose? +Along with Buddhism and Christianity, what religion did he have a profound respect for? +What was Tesla's article called? +What do his religious views remain uncertain? +What article did Tesla write in 1937? +What type of articles did Tesla write? +What magazines did Tesla write articles for? +Who wrote My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla? +Where are Tesla's writings freely available? +In what year was the article "The Problem of Increasing Human Energy" published? +What is the name of the book published by Tesla? +In what type of fiction is Tesla a recurring theme? +Along with movies, books, films, radio, TV, music, live theater, comics, and video games, what has Tesla's legacy endured? +What is a recurring theme in science fiction? +Which magazine put Tesla on its cover in 1931? +On what date did Time magazine put Tesla on its cover? +What did the cover caption "All the world's his power house" mention? +Who received the most congratulatory letters? +How many congratulatory letters did Einstein receive? +What theory focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty? +Computational complexity theory classifies computational problems according to what? +Computational complexity theory focuses on classifying what? +If a problem is considered inherently difficult, what is it? +What did the theory introduce to study these problems? +What are two resources that the theory quantifies? +What is used in circuit complexity? +What is one of the roles of computational complexity theory? +What are two related fields in theoretical computer science? +What are two related fields in theoretical computer science? +What is the distinction between analysis of algorithms and computational complexity theory? +What are two related fields in theoretical computer science? +What is the input string for a computational problem referred to as? +The input string for a computational problem should not be confused with what? +What type of utterance can serve as the input for a decision problem? +What can be viewed as an infinite collection of? +What can a computational problem be viewed as? +In what year did the traveling salesman problem begin? +How long is the round trip through all sites in Milan? +What does complexity theory address? +What is a string over an alphabet? +What is usually taken to be the binary alphabet? +What are the strings called? +In what notation can integers be represented? +How can graphs be encoded directly? +What is one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory? +What is the answer to a decision problem? +A decision problem alternately answers what? +What is the answer to a decision problem? +What is the answer to a decision problem? +What is the input an arbitrary graph? +What is associated with the decision problem? +How are graphs encoded? +What is a function problem? +What is a function problem? +What is a computational problem where a single output is expected for every input? +What is an example of an integer factorization problem? +A function problem is a computational problem where a single output is expected for every input? +The notion of function problems is much richer than what? +The multiplication of two integers can be expressed as what? +What is one way to measure the difficulty of solving a computational problem? +What does the running time depend on? +How is the time required to solve a problem calculated? +What is usually taken to be the size of the input in? +Complexity theory is interested in how algorithms scale? +What is Cobham's thesis? +What can be expressed as a function of n? +What is the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n? +What is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n? +What is a polynomial time algorithm? +What kind of machine is a Turing machine? +How can a problem be solved? +What is the most commonly used model in complexity theory? +What is contained on a strip of tape? +What is the most basic Turing machine? +A deterministic Turing machine uses a fixed set of what? +What kind of Turing machine has an extra supply of random bits? +What kind of Turing machine is a non-deterministic Turing machine? +What are algorithms that use random bits called? +What are Turing machines used to define? +What are some resources that are bounded? +What are non-deterministic Turing machines? +What kind of machine models have been proposed in the literature? +How can each model be converted to another? +The consumption of these alternate models may vary what? +How do all models of the computer operate? +What kind of machine is the Turing machine? +What are some computational problems easier to analyze in terms of? +What does the non-deterministic Turing machine capture? +What is a very important resource in analyzing computational problems? +What is the total number of state transitions in a deterministic Turing machine? +Why is complexity theory interested in classifying problems? +The set of problems solvable within time f(n) on a deterministic Turing machine is denoted by what? +What kind of model is used for solving a problem? +What are the most well-known complexity resources? +Any complexity measure can be viewed as what? +Complexity measures are generally defined by what axioms? +The Blum complexity axioms define what measures? +The Blum complexity axioms define what measures? +What are the three different ways of measuring case complexity? +What is another way to measure time complexity? +How many different ways do the best, worst and average case complexity refer to? +The best, worst and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring what? +What is the deterministic sorting algorithm quicksort? +What is the worst-case case? +What is the worst-case? +What is the most efficient algorithm for solving a given problem? +Analyzing a particular algorithm falls under the field of what? +What bounds are used to classify computation time? +To show an upper bound on the time complexity of a problem, one needs to show what? +What does lower bounds make a statement about? +What notation hides constant factors and smaller terms? +What does the big O notation hide? +What does T(n) = in big O notation? +The bounds independent of the specific details of what? +What class has complicated definitions that do not fit into the framework? +Some complexity classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into what framework? +Some complexity classes have what kind of definitions? +What do complexity classes depend on? +How can the language {xx | x is any binary string} be solved? +What model of a multi-tape Turing machine requires quadratic time? +What thesis states that the time complexities in any two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related? +What is the name of the complexity class? +How can many important complexity classes be defined? +How can many important complexity classes be defined? +What can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm? +What are some important complexity classes? + AC and NC are defined using what? +How are BQP and QMA defined? +What is an important complexity class of counting problems? +How areClasses like IP and AM defined? +What is desirable for the complexity classes defined in this way? +Where is DTIME(n2) contained? +What are time and space hierarchy theorems? +What do hierarchy theorems induce? +What kind of statements can we make when deduced proper set inclusions? +The time and space hierarchy theorems form the basis for most separation results of what classes? +What does the time hierarchy theorem tell us about P? +The space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained in what? +How are many complexity classes defined? +What is a reduction? +What reduces to Y? +What types of reductions are based on the method of reduction? +What is the bound on the complexity of reductions? +What is the most commonly used reduction? +The problem of squaring an integer can be reduced to what? +What does the reduction process take? +What can be done to both inputs of the multiplication algorithm? +How can the same input to both inputs of the same algorithm be used? +What determines the notion of hard problems? +What is hard for a class of problems C? +An algorithm for X allows us to solve what problem in C? +What are the set of problems that are hard for NP? +What class of problems contains the most difficult problems in NP? +What class contains the most difficult problems in NP? +Is there a known polynomial-time solution for Π1? +What class contains the most difficult problems in NP? +What is often seen as a mathematical abstraction modeling those computational tasks that admit an efficient algorithm? +The Cobham-Edmonds thesis is also known as what? +What class contains many problems that people would like to solve efficiently? +What is the Boolean satisfiability problem? +What are special non-deterministic Turing machines? +What can be shown to have more efficient solutions? +What is one of the problems in logistics? +How much is the prize for resolving the problem? +Who showed that if P ≠ NP then there exist problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete? +What are NP-intermediate problems called? +What is the graph isomorphism problem? +What is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic? +What is another term for NP-intermediate? +What hierarchy collapses to its second level if graph isomorphism is NP-complete? +What is the second level of the polynomial time hierarchy? +Who is the best algorithm for this problem? +What is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer? +What is the problem of deciding whether the input has a factor less than? +What is the name of the modern cryptographic system? +What is the best known algorithm for integer factorization? +Many known complexity classes are suspected to be what? +What is possible that P = PSPACE? +What are some known complexity classes between P and PSPACE? +What would be a major breakthrough in complexity theory? +What class contains the complement problems? +What are the complement problems? +What is NP not equal to? +P is not equal to what? +What is the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space? +L is strictly contained in what? +What are many complexity classes between NL and NC? +What are two complexity classes between NL and NC? +Is it known if NL and NC are distinct or equal classes? +What are intractable problems known as? +What kind of algorithms might be unusable in practice? +What kind of problems are also intractable in this sense? +The decision problem in Presburger arithmetic has been shown not to be in what? +What has been written to solve the decision problem in Presburger arithmetic? +What is the NP-complete knapsack problem? +How long does it take to solve the NP-complete knapsack problem? +What problem do SAT solvers routinely handle large instances of? +How many foundations were laid out before the actual research? +Who created the definition of Turing machines? +Who created the definition of Turing machines? +In what year did Alan Turing write the definition of Turing machines? +What did the definition of Turing machines turn out to be? +What paper did Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns write? +Who wrote the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms"? +When did Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns publish their paper? +The paper laid out the definitions of what? +When did Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns publish their paper? +Who studied problems solvable by Turing machines with specific bounded resources? +When was Raymond Smullyan's study of rudimentary sets published? +Who wrote a paper on real-time computations in62? +What kind of choice do proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems often assume? +One tries to keep the discussion abstract enough to be independent of the choice of what? +Who developed an axiomatic complexity theory based on his axioms? +What is another name for the speed-up theorem? +What was the title of Karp's 1972 paper? +How many combinatorial and graph theoretical problems are NP-complete? +What is a course of study called? +What are professional qualifications? +What must a person first obtain in order to become a teacher? +What do teachers use to facilitate student learning? +Where is the role of teacher often carried out? +A teacher's role may vary among what cultures? +Along with literacy and numeracy, what other subject can teachers provide instruction in? +Along with literacy and numeracy, what is an example of a vocational training? +What do teachers provide in life skills? +What is an example of a transient or ongoing role of a teacher? +In some countries, formal education can take place through what? +What type of education can take place in some countries? +Informal learning may be assisted by a teacher occupying what? +Who can assist a teacher in informal learning? +What type of teachers can teach religious texts? +What type of texts can gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors and lamas teach? +Along with the Quran, Torah, and Quran, what religious text can be taught by religious teachers? +What are religious and spiritual teachers? +What is another name for homeschooling? +Who canormal teaching be carried out by? +What does CPA stand for? +Where can you find homeschooling? +Who canormal teaching be carried out by? +What do teachers help with? +What do teachers serve as supervisors for? +What do teachers supervise in study halls? +Who may accompany students on field trips? +What are teacher's colleges called? +What is the purpose of teacher's colleges? +What is the purpose of teacher's colleges? +What are the bodies designed to instill, preserve and update? +What are the standards of practice for the teaching profession? +Who is responsible for investigating complaints of professional misconduct? +What type of misconduct can be found in teacher's colleges? +What are the functions of teacher's colleges? +What are the functions of teacher's colleges? +What are the functions of teacher's colleges? +What type of environment do teachers use to facilitate student learning? +A teacher who teaches on an individual basis may be described as what? +Where are teachers often found in education? +What do teachers do in education? +What is an informal approach to learning? +What are different ways to teach often referred to as? +How do teachers assist students outside of the classroom? +What has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom? +What has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom? +What is the objective of a course of study? +A teacher may follow standardized curricula as determined by what? +What do students with different abilities do? +What is the age range of students that a teacher can interact with? +A teacher may follow what? +What does pedagogy assess? +Where does the bulk of learning take place? +What is the function of a teacher? +What is the function of a teacher? +What does this function look like? +What is the most significant difference between primary school and secondary school teaching? +What is the purpose of a teacher in a primary school? +How many different teachers are in secondary schools? +What is the most significant difference between primary school and secondary school? +What does a parent act as during the day? +What type of approaches do exist for primary education? +What is another term for a group of students in one class? +How do students derive a strong sense of security? +How do students learn from teachers who specialize in one subject? +Where does most of the United States live? +What has become a new trend amongst educational institutions? +How many teachers are in a classroom? +What does co-teaching focus on? +How is co-teaching defined? +What does co-teaching provide to a student? +What was the most common form of school discipline? +What was a teacher expected to act as? +What were all the normal forms of parental discipline open to? +What was the most common form of school discipline? +What was a teacher expected to do while a child was in school? +What is one of the most common forms of school discipline? +Most Western countries have banned paddling? +In what country is paddling still lawful? +In what year did the Supreme Court rule that paddling did not violate the Constitution? +What is corporal punishment? +How many states have banned corporal punishment? +Which country has banned corporal punishment? +What is still used to a significant degree in some public schools? +What kind of paddle is used to administerporal punishment in American schools? +Where is the punishment usually given? +What is another name for corporal punishment? +Where is corporal punishment most common? +What type of punishment is School corporal punishment? +What is one of the most common punishments in schools? +What is one of the most common punishments in schools? +What is one of the most common punishments in schools? +How do students sit during detention? +What is a punishment essay? +What is an example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe? +Positive reinforcement is balanced with what type of punishment? +Positive reinforcement is balanced with what? +What are sarcasm and attempts to humiliate pupils seen as falling outside of? +What are teachers expected to respect? +Who advocate a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline? +In what region of the world do countries combine strict discipline with high standards of education? +What is one of the problems with modern schooling? +What do some teachers and parents advocate? +In what country does average attainment on standardized tests exceed those in Western countries? +In what country does average attainment on standardized tests exceed those in Western countries? +In what country does average attainment on standardized tests exceed those in Western countries? +In what country does average attainment on standardized tests exceed those in Western countries? +What is the typical class size in a school? +What does maintaining order in the classroom divert the teacher from? +What do teachers concentrate their attention on? +What type of students do teachers ignore? +What do teachers concentrate their attention on? +Sudbury model democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain what? +Sudbury model democratic schools claim that popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than what? +What two things are used in the school atmosphere? +What do these schools claim is easier and more efficient than anywhere else? +What do proponents of the Sudbury model argue a school has? +What do teachers show towards the course materials? +What do teachers who have a positive disposition towards course content transfer to receptive students? +How do teachers teach? +What do students who had enthusiastic teachers tend to do? +What is the correlation between teacher enthusiasm and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality? +What were students who experienced a very enthusiastic teacher more likely to read? +What are nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm? +What type of studies have shown that nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm result in higher motivation to learn? +What do nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm result in? +Are students more or less self-determined? +What may facilitate higher levels of intrinsic motivation? +What concept may also apply to emotional contagion? +What may contribute to a classroom atmosphere full of energy and enthusiasm? +What are student motivation and attitudes towards school closely linked to? +Enthusiastic teachers are particularly good at what? +What does academic success include? +A teacher must guide his student in aligning his personal goals with what? +What are student motivation and attitudes towards school closely linked to? +How do students build stronger relations with teachers? +How do students build stronger relations with teachers? +Do teachers spend more or less time interacting with students? +Are teachers perceived as supportive or effective? +What are the three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm? +The teacher needs to be what? +A spark in a teacher may create what in the student? +An enthusiastic teacher has the ability to be what? +The way a teacher promotes their course is called what? +What is an example of sexual misconduct by teachers? +What percentage of students in the United States claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult? +What percentage of students in the United States claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult? +What percentage of students claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult? +What organization conducted a study about unwanted sexual attention? +In what country did a study show a 0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse? +Along with priests, religious leaders, and case workers, what group of people were included in the study? +How many people were in the British study? +What study posed questions about fourteen types of sexual harassment? +In which country have several high profile cases caused increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct? +What has increased scrutiny on? +What has led to several men who enjoy teaching avoiding the profession? +Who is the general secretary of the National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers? +What groups have been outraged by this? +What has this led to in some jurisdictions? +What should teachers who have sex with pupils over the age of consent be placed on? +What is one of the occupational hazards that teachers face? +What can cause stress? +Teachers are also at high risk for what? +What is one of the occupational hazards that teachers face? +What is one of the occupational hazards that teachers face? +What percentage of UK teachers experienced occupational stress in 2000? +What percentage of teachers in the UK experienced occupational stress? +What percentage of UK teachers experienced occupational stress? +In what year did a study show that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers? +What did the 2012 study find about teachers? +What is one way to mitigate the occupational hazards of teaching? +What is an example of organizational intervention? +What type of interventions are used to relieve occupational stress among teachers? +Organizational interventions can help reduce what? +What is an example of organizational intervention? +Where are teachers educated in almost all countries? +Governments may require what before they can teach in a school? +What is earned after completion of high school? +Along with a background check and psychiatric evaluation, what does a prospective teacher have to pass? +In what country do many educational institutions require that prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation? +Who is responsible for education in Australia? +How many tiers does Australian education follow? +What is another name for tertiary education? +What is another name for tertiary education? +What is the name of the three tiers of education in Australia? +What does teaching in Canada require? +What is required to become a qualified teacher? +Who funds a private school? +In Germany, what are teachers mainly? +What does Lehramtstudien stand for? +What are the teachers for elementary schools called? +What do civil servants' salary index scale depend on? +What are higher level secondary schools called? +What is also given for teaching through the Irish language? +What is the basic pay for a starting teacher? +What is the basic pay for a starting teacher? +How much did a principal earn? +Who are teachers required to be registered with? +Under what section of the Teaching Council Act 2001 are teachers required to be registered? +When was Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act passed? +Where can a person employed in a recognised teaching post be paid? +When was Garda vetting introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession? +What has been introduced for new entrants to the teaching profession? +How will new staff be vetted? +Who can be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity including in a voluntary role? +What was the average salary for Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers in September 2007? +Along with extra responsibilities, what is one reason some teachers' salaries can go higher? +How much does a preschool teacher earn annually? +What must a teacher have in order to be licensed? +In what year did the salaries for Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers range from £20,133 to £41,004? +What do counties offer to attract people into teaching? +What type of positions do counties offer to attract people into teaching? +What can vary by geographic area and subject taught? +What are expected as retirements, especially among secondary school teachers outweigh slowing enrollment growth? +What profession is most likely to retire? +What does the GTCS stand for? +What does the GTCS stand for? +How many Scottish Universities offer Initial Teacher Education? +What is given by the GTCS after a year? +How long does it take for "Full Registration" status to be raised to full Registration? +In what year did unpromoted teachers in Scotland start earning? +How much did unpromoted teachers earn in 2008? +How much did unpromoted teachers earn in 2008? +How many modules did unpromoted teachers have to complete to earn Chartered Teacher Status? +What are the main trade unions in Scotland? +Where does education differ in some respects from education elsewhere in the United Kingdom? +What is the main medium of instruction in Wales? +Until what age are lessons in the language compulsory? +How many primary schools used Welsh as their main medium of instruction in 2008/09? +What age groups can receive Welsh medium education? +What are some of the trade unions in Wales? +What is the average age of teachers in Wales? +When did attacks on teachers in Welsh schools reach an all-time high? +What are some of the trade unions in Wales? +What is a growing concern? +What determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools? +How long can teachers receive certificates that last? +What are public school teachers required to have? +What type of schools do not require teachers to be certified? +What do charter schools not require their teachers to be? +What have teachers been paid in the past? +What has improved rapidly in recent years? +Teachers with more experience and higher education earn more than those with what? +In a salary survey for K-12 teachers, who had the lowest median salary? +Where are teachers selling their lesson plans? +What are many forms of spiritual or religious teachers? +What are the three major traditions of Christianity? +Is a Confessor always a bishop? +What are the three major traditions of Christianity? +What is another name for the LDS Church? +Who may fill the role of "spiritual teacher"? +What archetype does the teacher have little in common with? +Who does the LDS Church place a stronger emphasis on? +Who are Priesthood representatives expected to defer to? +What is a spiritual teacher known as in Hinduism? +What is the emphasis on spiritual mentorship in Hinduism? +What do gurus exercise a great deal of control over? +Where are many traditions of Hinduism common? +What are the teachers of Dharma in Tibet most commonly called? +How is a Lama determined to be reborn? +What is a Lama who has consciously determined to be reborn called? +How often does a Lama try to be reborn? +How is a Lama consciously determined to be reborn? +What is another name for ulemas? +What is another name for ulemas? +What is another name for Sufism? +What is an example of an esoteric position in Sufism? +What is the highest of Sufism traditions? +In what language was Martin Luther born? +When did Martin Luther die? +During what time period did Luther reject the Catholic Church? +What was God's punishment? +What happened to Charles V at the Diet of Worms? +How is salvation received? +Who diduther believe was redeemer from sin? +What did his theology challenge? +What is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God? +What did he consider all baptized Christians to be? +What did the translation of into the vernacular make more accessible? +What was the standard version of the German language? +What was the name of the English translation of the Tyndale Bible? +In what type of churches did he influence the development of singing? +What type of clergy did Katharina von Bora marry? +When was Martin Luther born? +Where was Martin Luther born? +What empire was Eisleben a part of? +What religion was St. Martin baptized as? +Who is a lawyer? +What was the name of the University of Erfurt? +What did he describe the University of Erfurt as? +At what time of day was he made to wake up every morning? +What type of learning did he engage in? +In what year did he receive his master's degree? +What did Luther enroll in in accordance with his father's wishes? +What did Luther believe law represented? +What two fields of study diduther want to study? +How did Trutfetter test himself? +What was more important to Luther? +How did he react to death and divine judgment? +On what date did he attribute his decision to an event? +Where was the Augustinian cloister located? +How many friends were killed by Luther? +What was Luther's father furious over? +What order diduther dedicate himself to? +What diduther describe the period of his life as? +What did he make of him? +Who was Luther's superior? +What does true repentance not involve? +In what year was Luther ordained to the priesthood? +Who was the first dean of the newly founded University of Wittenberg? +In what year was von Staupitz ordained to the priesthood? +When did Lombard receive a bachelor's degree in Biblical studies? +Who received a bachelor's degree in Biblical studies? +On what date was he awarded his Doctor of Theology? +On what date was he awarded his Doctor of Theology? +What position did Wittenberg receive in 1512? +Where was he received into the senate? +What position did he receive on October 19, 1512? +In what year was Johann Tetzel sent to Germany? +What was the name of the basilica that Tetzel was sent to Germany to rebuild? +Who sent Tetzel to Germany? +What type of faith is active in the Roman Catholic church? +What type of faith is active in the Roman Catholic church? +On what date did Luther write to Albert of Mainz? +Who was the bishop of Mainz in 1517? +What is another name for Martin Luther's Disputation of Martin Luther? +Who wrote that Luther had no intention of confronting the church? +What is the name of thesis in which the pope build the basilica of St. Peter? +Who said "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings springs, the soul from purgatory springs"? +When is the coin in the coffer rings? +Who objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel? +Who said "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings springs, the soul from purgatory springs"? +What was God's alone to grant? +What did he believe those who claimed indulgences absolved buyers from? +What did he believe those who claimed that indulgences absolved buyers from? +What did he say Christians must not slacken in following? +Who did ians say must not slacken in following Christ? +Who said that he exaggerated indulgences? +What was Tetzel's capacity to do? +What did Tetzel overstated in regard to indulgences for the dead? +What was Tetzel's teaching on indulgences for the dead? +What is the story of the posting on the door? +What does the story of the posting on the door have little foundation in? +Who made the comments that the story is based on? +Where was Philipp Melanchthon? +According to scholars Walter Krämer, Götz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause, what does the story of the posting on the door have? +When were the 95 Theses translated into German? +What aided in the controversy of the 95 Theses? +Who translated the 95 Theses from Latin into German? +How long had copies of the theses spread throughout Germany? +How long did it take for copies of the theses to spread throughout Europe? +In what year did Luther's writings reach France, England, and Italy? +Where did Luther speak? +What part of Luther's career was one of his most creative and productive? +In what year was On the Christian Nobility of the German Nation published? +What is the name of the book that is dedicated to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation? +Who lectured from 1510 to 1520? +What terms were used by the Catholic Church in new ways? +What did he become convinced the church was? +What was one of the central truths of Christianity? +What doctrine was the most important for Luther? +Who did Luther come to understand justification as entirely the work of? +In what year was On the Bondage of the Will published? +What gift did Luther receive from God? +Where did he explain his concept of "justification"? +How does the just person live? +What was the first of the two points that became the foundation for the Reformation? +What was the first of the two points that became the foundation for the Reformation? +What was his railing against? +How many points did the rediscovery of "Christ and His salvation" make? +Who did not reply to Luther's letter? +Where did he send theses in 1517? +What did the papal dispensation pay off? +How much of the pie did the pope have in the pie? +In what year were theses checked for heresy? +Who was used to reformers and heretics? +What type of theologians were deployed against Luther? +When did Cardinal Cajetan Luther say he did not consider the papacy part of the biblical Church? +What did the historistical interpretation of Bible prophecy conclude about the papacy? +What was Cajetan's original instructions? +When did the papal nuncio Karl von Miltitz adopt a more conciliatory approach? +What diduther promise to do if his opponents did? +Who was determined to expose Luther's doctrine in a public forum? +What is the name of the scripture that does not confer on popes the exclusive right to interpret scripture? +What did Eck call Luther? +On what date did the Pope warn Luther that he risked excommunication? +How many sentences did Luther recant? +How long did the papal bull warn Luther that he risked excommunication? +Who was a papal nuncio? +On what date was Luther excommunicated? +Who enforcement of the ban on the 95 Theses fell to? +On what date did Luther appear before the Diet of Worms? +What was the general assembly of? +Who was the Emperor of England in 1521? +Who obtained a safe conduct for Luther to and from the meeting? +Who presented Luther with copies of his writings? +What position did Johann Eck hold? +What did he stand by? +What day was the next day? +Who confirmed that Luther was their author? +What did Luther do at the end of his speech? +What was the traditional salute of? +Who considers Luther's speech as a "world classic of epoch-making oratory"? +What does Mullett call Mullett's speech? +What diduther refuse to do? +Who refused to recant his writings? +What is not recorded in witness accounts of the speech? +What form of words does Mullett believe Luther would select? +What type of conferences were held to determine Luther's fate? +When was the final draft of the Edict of Worms presented? +Who presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms? +What did the Edict of Worms require? +What did the law allow anyone to do? +What was the purpose of Luther's return to Wittenberg? +Where was Luther escorted? +What did Luther refer to Wartburg as? +What did Luther translate from Greek into German? +What did Albrecht do to Archbishop Albrekt of Mainz? +What did he say every good work designed to attract God's favor is? +What is God's grace? +On what date did Luther write to Melanchthon? +What did Luther say to Melanchthon? +What is not a place where justice resides? +In what year did Luther widen his target from individual pieties? +What was the mass condemned as in the Abrogation of the Private Mass? +What did he think of the mass as? +Along with private confession and absolution, what did the essay encourage? +What did he tell monks and nuns they could break? +What did Luther place the foundations of the Reformation on? +In what year did the Reformation begin? +Where did Daniel write about the Little Horn? +What was Daniel's main interest? +What was identified as the power of the Papacy? +Who supported Karlstadt? +When did Karlstadt embark on a radical programme of reform? +What did the reforms provoke? +What were the Zwickau prophets? +Who asked Luther to return? +When did Luther return to Wittenberg? +What did Satan do during his absence? +How many sermons did Luther preach? +What were the eight sermons called? +What do citizens need to do to bring about necessary change? +What was the effect of Luther's intervention? +Who wrote to the elector after the sixth sermon? +After what sermon did Jerome Schurf write to the elector? +What has Dr. Martin's return spread among us? +How are people brought back every day? +What did he do to restore public order? +What political party did he belong to? +What prophets did Zwickau ban? +What did the radical reformers threaten? +What group threatened the new order by fomenting social unrest? +Who helped instigate the German Peasants' War? +What war did Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer instigate? +During what years was the German Peasants' War of 1524-25? +What would support an attack on the upper classes? +Who did many peasants believe Luther would support an attack on? +What did Luther remind the aggrieved to obey? +What was the tour of Thuringia called? +What did he call the nobles to do to the rebels? +What did he call the violence? +Who did he call for to put down the rebels? +On how many grounds did Luther justify his opposition to the rebels? +What counsel did they ignore? +Who appointed all authorities in the Roman Republic? +What is another name for the Divine Right of Kings? +What did the peasants deserve? +What was Luther's backing for? +Who defeated the Swabian League at the Battle of Frankenhausen? +When did the Battle of Frankenhausen take place? +What happened to Müntzer? +What was Luther's Reformation under? +Who did Martin Luther marry? +Where were the nuns smuggled out? +How old was Katharina at the time of her marriage? +How old was Luther at the time of Katharina's marriage? +When did Martin Luther marry Katharina von Bora? +On what date was the couple engaged? +On what day was Bugenhagen married? +What was left out of the wedding banquet? +When was the ceremonial walk to the church and the wedding banquet left out? +Along with Justus Jonas, Johannes Apel, Philipp Melanchthon, and Lucas Cranach the Elder, who was a witness to the marriage? +What was the seal of approval on clerical marriage? +What did Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on? +How did Melanchthon view celibacy? +What is the death of a heretic? +What did Melanchthon call his marriage? +What was the name of the former monastery that Luther and his wife moved into? +Where diduther and his wife move into? +How many children did Hans have? +What diduther say he would not exchange his poverty for? +How did Katharina earn a living? +What ideal of congregations had proved unworkable? +What was the name of the supervisory church body? +What was the new form of worship service? +How many catechisms did he write? +What is Luther's thought? +What did Luther avoid? +What was the name of the Electorate of Saxony? +What did he do to churches in new territories? +Who was the new elector? +What was Luther's relationship with Brecht an unintended development? +In what year did Luther publish a German Mass? +In what year was the Latin Mass adapted? +What was the alternative to the Latin Mass? +What did Luther omit in his order? +What did trappings such as the Mass vestments, altar, and candles allow? +In what year did the Electorate of Saxony begin? +When did Luther and his colleagues introduce the new order of worship? +Along with pastoral care and Christian education, what else was assessed in the territory? +What type of doctrine did Luther believe the common people had? +How are pastors able to teach? +What did Luther create as a method of imparting the basics of Christianity to congregations? +In what year was the Large Catechism written? +Who wrote the Large Catechism? +Who could memorize the Small Catechism? +What did Luther incorporate in the catechism? +What is one of Luther's most personal works? +How did he describe his plan to collect his writings? +Along with the Bondage of the Will and the Catechism, what is a notable book of mine? +What has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching? +What is the name of the translation of Luther's hymns? +What type of Catechism was especially effective for parents? +What type of Catechism was effective for pastors? +What language did the Apostles' Creed express in? +What did Luther depict the Trinity as? +Where doesvation originate? +In what year did Luther publish his German translation of the New Testament? +In what year was the Old Testament translated? +What was the name of the German translation of the New Testament? +What word was criticized for inserting in Romans 3:28? +What justifies us, and not works? +What was the name of the German variant spoken at the Saxon chancellery? +What part of the country did Luther speak? +What group of people did Von Neumann want to read the Bible? +Why did Hitler want to make the Bible accessible to everyday Germans? +What were the impediments and difficulties of the Bible? +What was the demand for German-language publications? +What was Luther's version of the Bible called? +What did the German language make a significant contribution to? +Who made woodcuts for Luther's woodcuts? +Who wrote the English Bible? +What type of hymns did Luther write? +Along with high art and folk music, what type of music did Luther connect with? +What type of hymns were used in connection with worship, school, and the public arena? +What instrument was used to accompany sung hymns? +What was the lute later recreated as? +What events were often evoked by Luther's hymns? +Why were Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes martyred? +What hymn did Luther write? +Who wrote the hymn "Ein neues Lied wir heben an"? +What was the first line of the hymn? +When was Luther's creedal hymn "Wir glauben all an einen Gott"? +What is the name of Luther's three-stanza confession of faith? +What is the name of Luther's three-stanza confession of faith? +What was the German creedal hymn? +Why do 20th century Lutherans rarely use the hymn? +In what year did Luther write a hymnic version of the Lord's Prayer? +What is the name of Luther's version of the Lord's Prayer? +What was the purpose of the hymn? +How many revisions did the extant manuscript have? +What is Luther's tune? +In what year did Luther write "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir"? +What Psalm did Luther write in 1523? +Why did Luther send a sample of Psalm 130? +What was the name of the first Lutheran hymnal? +What doctrine did the expanded version of Aus tiefer Not express? +What was the name of Luther's hymn that became the main hymn for Advent? +What was the main hymn for Advent? +What was the main hymn for Advent? +How many hymns did he write on the Ten Commandments? +What did the German Te Deum become known as? +What does the hymn "Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam" reflect? +Who wrote the hymnic setting of Psalm 67? +What prayer does Psalm 67's prayer for? +Which preachers and composers used the rich hymn as a subject for their own work? +In what year did the Lutheran Reformation begin? +What type of hymns were included in early Lutheran hymnals? +How many songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch did Johann Walter provide? +How many songs were in the Erfurt Enchiridion? +How many songs were in the first choral hymnal with settings by Johann Walter? +What were the settings of Johann Walter's hymnal? +Who included several verses as chorales in his cantatas? +What did Johann Sebastian Bach based his chorale cantatas on? +When was Christ lag in Todes Banden? +When was Christ lag in Todes Banden? +In what year was Christ lag in Todes Banden? +What did Luther believe a Christian's soul does after it is separated from the body? +What idea did Luther reject? +What did the prepared bedchamber do for the saints? +What type of suffering did Purgatory involve? +What article described the saints as currently residing in their graves and in heaven? +Who observed that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from later Lutheran theologians? +Who was a notable Lutheran theologian? +Who was the later Lutheran theologian Franz Pieper? +In what year did Lessing reach the same conclusion? +What is the title of Luther's Commentary on Genesis? +Who argued that John Jortin misread Luther? +In what year didFrancis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread Luther? +Who argued that John Jortin misread Luther? +What does the sleep interrupted by? +When was the Marburg Colloquy held? +What was Philip I's title? +What did Philip I establish at the Marburg Colloquy? +How many points of agreement were reached on the nature of the Eucharist? +What was the exception to the agreement? +Who said "This is my body which is for you"? +What diduther insist on the Real Presence of? +What did Luther call the sacramental union? +What did Luther's opponents believe God was? +What did the debate sometimes become? +In what year was the Marburg Colloquy signed? +The Marburg Colloquy paved the way for what signing in 1530? +What league formed after the Marburg Colloquy? +Who did not sign these agreements? +Who was George, Margrave? +What did Luther believe faith and reason were? +What two things did Luther believe could not be illuminated by reason? +What does not contribute to faith? +What two things did Luther believe could not be illuminated by reason? +What is Luther's concern in separating Luther and Luther? +What religion was Jesus Christ born? +What did Luther lose hope in? +What group did Luther believe was mistreated by Jesus Christ? +What group did Luther attack in his later years? +When was Von den Juden und ihren Lügen published? +What did Luther see the Turks as? +What did Luther believe the Turks were sent to do? +Who did Luther believe would be destroyed by the Turks? +Who did Luther believe would destroy the antichrist? +What type of war was On War against the Turk? +What was the Latin translation of? +What type of pamphlets did he produce? +What was the name of Mohammadanism? +What did Luther see the Muslim faith as? +What did he want to be exposed to? +What did Johannes Agricola's sermon reveal? +Who was the pastor in Luther's birthplace? +Who did these theses say the law belonged to? +How many series of theses were theses against Agricola? +What book did Güttel write in 1539? +What is the second use of the law? +What did Luther use the law to do? +What is the law called? +What does refusing to preach the Ten Commandments eliminate? +What does the church consist of? +What do the Ten Commandments positively teach? +What is the name of the document that teaches how a Christian should live? +What has traditionally been called the third use of the law? +What is an illustration of the Ten Commandments? +What is the name of the document that teaches how a Christian should live? +What is a foreshadowing of the believers' future angel-like life in heaven? +What is a foreshadowing of the new life of Christians? +What do the Ten Commandments direct the Christian to? +What did Philip I want to marry? +What did Luther become implicated in? +Who did Philip I want to marry? +Who holds Luther accountable for his mistakes? +What did the affair cause to Luther? +How many years haduther lived in a local community that expelled Jews? +What group did Luther write about throughout his career? +What diduther see Jews as guilty of? +Why did Christians believe Jesus was the Messiah? +What did Luther try to do to the Jews? +What was the name of Luther's major treatise on the Jews? +When was the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ published? +How long before his death was the book published? +What did Luther call the Jews? +What was Robert Michael's sanction for? +Who did Luther speak out against? +Who did Josel of Rosheim blame for the Jews' plight? +What did Martin Luther say the Jews were doomed to? +What did Josel ask the city of Strasbourg to forbid? +When did riots lead to the expulsion of Jews from several German Lutheran states? +What was the most widely read author of his generation? +What type of rhetoric contributed significantly to the development of antisemitism? +What did the Nazis attack in the 1930's and 1940's? +What was the most widely read author of his generation? +What was the title of the first edition of On the Jews and their Lies? +On what date did seven Protestant regional church confederations issue a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge? +Who suggested preventive measures against the Jews? +Who was the Professor of the History of the Church in the University of Oxford? +Who published a compendium of Luther's writings after Kristallnacht? +Who was the greatest antisemite of his time? +What do some scholars see the Nazis' use of his work as? +What caused Luther to become one of the 'church fathers'? +What did Luther provide material for? +In what century did Wallmann argue that Luther's writings were ignored? +What was his position entirely religious? +What did the violence of the Jews add to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism? +Who wrote that Luther is credited with Germanizing the Christian critique of Judaism? +What mentality did Rose believe caused Jews to enter German thought and discourse? +What did Probst show about Lutheran clergy and theologians? +What did the German Lutheran clergy and theologians use during the Nazi Third Reich? +What was the result of Luther's antisemitic views? +How did Luther's antisemitic views develop? +What did Edwards say Luther often used for effect? +Along with Muslims, what group did Edwards say Luther often used violence against? +What book was written by Mark U. Edwards? +When did Lutheran Church denominations repudiate Martin Luther's statements against the Jews? +How did Strommen et al.'s 1970 survey compare to other minority groups? +Who was the former Professor of Modern History at the University of Nottingham? +During what years did Geary write an article on who voted for the Nazis? +How did his health deteriorate from 1531 to 1546? +Who had played a leading role in the scandal? +Along with kidney and bladder stones, what other health issue did he suffer from? +Along with kidney and bladder stones and arthritis, what health issue did he suffer from? +What did he begin to feel in 1544? +What made him short-tempered? +In what ways did he feel about his physical health? +What did his physical health make him? +What was Katharina's name? +How many times did Luther preach in Halle? +Where was Eisleben's last sermon delivered? +When was Eisleben's last sermon delivered? +Who did Poliakov want to expel from German territory? +What did the obdurate Jews want to expel from Germany? +What diduther pray for? +Who took Luther's final journey? +How many times diduther visit Mansfeld in 1545? +In what year diduther visit Mansfeld? +In what year diduther visit Mansfeld for a third visit? +Why did Luther travel to Mansfeld? +On what date were the negotiations concluded? +What kind of pains did he experience after 8 a.m? +What is the common prayer of the dying? +What is the common prayer of the dying? +At what time of the day is it most likely to be dark? +What event deprived him of his speech? +At what time did he die? +On what date did he die? +Where was he buried? +Who held the funeral for Bugenhagen? +What did Luther write on a piece of paper? +What language was the statement in? +In what language was the statement "We are beggars" in? +What was the size of the printed images of Luther? +What type of saint was Luther compared to? +What was an equal in stature to the secular German princes? +What type of life did the medieval world have? +In what decade were printed images of Luther printed? +On what date is Lutheran honored? +Where is Luther commemorated? +When is he commemorated in the Church of England's Calendar of Saints? +Where is he commemorated? +On what date is Luther honored? +What is Southern California often abbreviated as? +How many counties are in Southern California? +What is Southern California a major economic center for? +What is the basis for the term "eight counties"? +What is the 10-county definition based on? +What is one of the 11 megaregions of the United States? +How many megaregions are in the United States? +What state is the megaregion in? +What country borders the megaregion? +Where does the megaregion extend from? +What direction does Southern California stretch? +How many metropolitan areas are in Southern California? +How many people live in the Los Angeles area? +What city is in the Greater Los Angeles area? +How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles Area? +Which river borders Arizona to the east? +Which desert borders Arizona to the east? +What Desert is in the east of Arizona? +What border is to the south of Mexico? +What part of California is Los Angeles and San Diego located in? +What is the population of Los Angeles? +What is the name of the major city in southern California? +Which two major cities are in southern California? +Which direction is Los Angeles and San Diego located? +What is the most populous county in California? +What are the top 15 most populous counties in the United States? +What are the five most populous counties in the state? +How many most populous counties are in California? +What are the five most populous counties in the state? +What district of Los Angeles is associated with the motion picture industry? +Where is Los Angeles located? +What company is headquartered in southern California? +Along with motion picture, television, and music, what industry is centered in southern California? +Along with Universal, Universal, MGM, Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, and Warner Brothers, what company is headquartered in southern California? +Along with surf and skateboard, what is a popular culture in Southern California? +Who is a professional skateboarder? +Who is a professional snowboarder? +What island is second to Malibu in terms of famous surf breaks? +What is one of yachting's premier events? +What desert city is popular for its resort feel? +What is the name of the popular beach on the southern California coast? +Where do many locals and tourists frequent? +What is Palm Springs known for? +What is the latitude of California's north-south midway point? +How far from San Jose is California's north-south midway point? +How many counties are in southern California? +Which mountains are the northern boundary of southern California? +What are the two areas of California divided into? +Which country ruled southern California? +In what part of California is Los Angeles located? +Which city was in the lower part of Alta California? +What was the name of the agreement that allowed the division of Alta California? +What was the benefit of the Compromise of 1850? +Why were Californios unsatisfied with inequitable taxes? +What was the name of the lightly populated county in southern California? +How many times did the "Cow Counties" attempt to achieve separate statehood? +How many voters approved the Territory of Colorado? +Who was a strong advocate for the proposal? +Which newspaper defined southern California as including seven counties? +In what year did the Los Angeles Times define southern California? +In what year did the Times add Imperial to its county list? +What county did the Times add in 1999? +How many counties are in southern California? +What are the regional tourism groups? +What are the two AAA Auto Clubs of the state? +How many regions are in California? +What is the geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis? +Which regions of California are most commonly divided? +What is the third most populated megalopolis in the United States? +What areas of Southern California have been left undeveloped? +What is southern California famous for? +Along with highways and highways, what is a major feature of southern California? +What type of metropolitan area is San Diego-Tijuana? +What is the main gap between urbanization and urbanization? +Which metropolitan area does Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection with? +Who considers the San Bernardino and Riverside County areas a separate metropolitan area from Los Angeles County? +Where do many commute to? +When were San Bernardino and Riverside Counties developed? +What type of climate does Southern California have? +What type of weather does Southern California have? +In the summers, what are the temperature ranges in Southern California? +In what part of the state is snow rare? +In the summers, what is the temperature range in Southern California? +Where does the Pacific Ocean stretch? +What type of landscapes does Southern California have? +What is one of the more varied collections of geologic? +Along with the Transverse and Peninsular, what is the other region in the region? +What are the large and small interior valleys of the region? +How many earthquakes does the southern California area have each year? +How many of them are small? +What was the magnitude of the Northridge earthquake? +How much property damage did the earthquake cause? +How much damage did the earthquake cause? +What is an example of a magnitude 6.7+ earthquake? +What is the magnitude of the San Andreas Fault? +Where is the Elsinore Fault Zone located? +What organization has released a California Earthquake forecast? +What does the California Earthquake forecast model? +What is Southern California divided into? +Southern California is often the hub of what? +What is Southern California divided into? +In what year did southern California have a population of 22,680,010? +Southern California has a reputation for what? +What was the state average growth rate in southern California in the 2000s? +What type of economy is in the Bay Area? +What is the name of the region in which Southern California grew less than the state average? +How many metropolitan areas are in Southern California? +How many extended metropolitan areas are in the region? +How many extended metropolitan areas are in the region? +The El Centro metropolitan area and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos metropolitan area form what region? +How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles Area? +How many people live in San Diego? +How many people live in San Diego? +How many cities are in southern California? +How many cities are in southern California? +What is the name of one of the most developed cities in southern California? +What is the main source of transport in the region? +What is Southern California famous for? +The region was a leader in what bubble? +What is Southern California's economy? +The region has been heavily impacted by what? +Since what decade have motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing been major industries? +What was one of the richest agricultural regions in the US? +What were the major industries in the richest agricultural regions in the US? +What was one of the richest agricultural regions in the US? +What is a major factor in military spending cutbacks? +Southern California is home to what type of business? +What is another name for Downtown Los Angeles? +What is the name of the South Coast Metro? +What are the major business districts in the Los Angeles area? +What is one of the major business districts in the Los Angeles Area? +Where is Warner Center located? +What is one of the major business districts in Los Angeles? +What is the name of the district of Downtown San Bernardino? +What area maintains the business districts of Downtown San Bernardino? +What is the name of the business district in Downtown San Bernardino? +What county is a rapidly developing business center? +Where are international corporations headquartered? +What is the name of the Irvine business center? +What is the name of the metro system in Orange County? +What type of business center is Orange County? +What is the central business district of San Diego? +Where are most of the districts located? +Where are most of the districts located? +What is the central business district of San Diego? +What is the second-busiest airport in the US by passenger volume? +How does Los Angeles International Airport rank among US airports by passenger volume? +Where does Los Angeles International Airport rank in terms of passenger volume? +What is the busiest single runway airport in the world? +What is the world's busiest general aviation airport? +What is the name of the commuter rail system that runs out of Downtown Los Angeles? +How many lines of the Metrolink system run out of Downtown Los Angeles? +How many lines of Metrolink run out of Downtown Los Angeles? +Which county does the Metrolink line connect to? +What is the busiest commercial port in Southern California? +What is the name of the United States' second busiest container port? +Which region of California is home to the busiest commercial port? +What is the name given to the region's diversified technology and industrial base? +What type of research does the Tech Coast have? +What type of institutions are in the Tech Coast? +How many University of California campuses are in California? +How many University of California campuses are in California? +What is the name of the NFL team in Southern California? +What is the name of the professional sports team in Southern California? +What is the name of the MLB team in Southern California? +What is the name of the NHL team in Southern California? +What is the name of the MLS team? +What is the name of the team that played in Los Angeles from 2005 to 2014? +How many Major League Soccer teams were in Los Angeles from 2005 to 2014? +In what year did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play? +Where did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play from 2005 to 2014? +In what year are the Chivas scheduled to return? +What type of sports are popular in southern California? +Which school has a longtime rivalry with UCLA? +What are the two field teams in the Pac-12 Conference? +In what conference are the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans field teams? +What division are the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans in? +What is a growing sport in southern California? +Where is rugby a growing sport in southern California? +What is rugby an official school sport? +What is the largest digital subscription television company in the UK? +What is the largest digital subscription television company in the UK? +In what year did BSkyB buy Sky Italia? +What was the new name of British Sky Broadcasting Group plc? +What was the original name of British Sky Broadcasting Limited? +In what year was Setanta Sports awarded two of the six Premier League packages? +How many Premier League packages did Setanta Sports receive in 2006? +Which company's monopoly came to an end in 2007-08? +How much did Sky pay for the remaining four? +What was BSkyB excluded from being a part of? +What is the name of ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement? +How many BSkyB channels were available before October 2005? +What was the name of the three BSkyB channels before October 2005? +What was the original name of Sky Three? +What was the initial charge for using Sky+ PVR? +In what year did Sky launch a new TV advertising campaign targeting women? +What is the monthly fee for customers who do not subscribe to BSkyB's channels? +In what year did BSkyB discontinue the Sky+ Box? +What did BSkyB start to issue as standard? +What system doesBSkyB use? +Who owns the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system? +What company owns NDS? +Who uses the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system? +What is the name of the Personal video recorder offering? +What did Virgin Media remove from the network? +In what year did BSkyB and Virgin Media become involved in a dispute? +What did Virgin Media claim BSkyB had substantially increased? +What type of content was not previously carried by cable? +What type of content was not previously carried by cable? +In what year did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark? +In what year did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark? +What did Microsoft call SkyDrive? +What does SkyDrive Pro become? +What did Microsoft rename SkyDrive? +Who was the chief executive officer in 1993? +On what channel did Astra broadcast? +On what date did BSkyB discontinue analogue service? +What was the name of the company that launched the analogue service? +How many households did BSkyB reach by mid-1994? +What was the former name of Sky UK Limited? +What is Sky UK Limited? +How many customers did ITV have as of 2015? +Who overtook Freeview in 2007? +What is the name of the broadband router in the Sky Q range? +Which set top boxes connect to the Sky Q Silver? +All set top boxes in a household are allowed to share what? +In what year will Sky Q be available? +In what year will Sky Q be available? +What are BSkyB's standard definition broadcasts in? +What type of soundtracks are available on Sky Movies and Sky Box Office channels? +Sky+ HD material is broadcast using what standard? +What system doactive services and 7-day EPG use? +Most of the HD material uses what standard? +When was Sky Digital launched? +What satellite did Sky Digital use? +What was Eutelsat's Eurobird 1 satellite called? +How many television and radio channels did Sky plan to carry? +Where was the Astra 2A satellite located? +When did Sky+ HD launch? +How many people had registered to receive the HD service prior to launch? +Who was the manufacturer of the STB set top box? +How many customers had yet to receive the service? +What was the total number of homes with Sky+HD? +When did BSkyB announce its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four subscription channels? +When did Setanta Sports announce it would launch? +How many free-to-air channels did BSkyB plan to replace? +What was the new name of NTL's subscription service? +What sport is included in the BSkyB portfolio? +What are some broadcasts that do not require a monthly subscription called? +What is a free-to-view service? +What is the name of the device used to view encrypted content? +What band is provided? +The VideoGuard UK equipped receiver is dedicated to which service? +When were talks held for broadcast rights for the Premier League for a five-year period? +Who were the current rights holders? +How much did ITV offer per year to keep control of the rights? +Who didBSkyB join forces with to make a counter bid? +How much did BSkyB pay for the Premier League rights? +Who enforced open access on their EPG? +How much is the fee for access to BSkyB's EPG? +BSkyB has no veto over what on their EPG? +Does BSkyB carry any control over the channel's content? +Does BSkyB carry any control over the channel's content? +When was BSkyB's digital service officially launched? +What wasBSkyB's digital service called before 1998? +What is the current name of the interactive service? +Who did BSkyB compete with? +How many digiboxes were sold in 30 days? +In what year was Virgin Media re-branded? +Who re-branded Virgin Media in 2007? +What service did Virgin Media concentrate on? +What was the name of the linear HD channel thatVirgin Media only carried from 2006 to 2009? +What channel did Virgin Media have an option to carry in the future? +How many homes in Europe had the first pay-TV platform? +What percentage of households in the UK were estimated to have an audience of more than 25m? +When was the target target first announced? +What percentage of households in the UK represented an audience of more than 25m people? +What happened to subscriber numbers elsewhere in Europe? +What was Shelbrooke proposing? +What was the benefit of the Welfare Cash Card? +What did the claim that a subscription to BSkyB was often damaging? +What did the Daily Mail say the UK government's benefits agency was checking? +What would subscription to sports channels betray? +What are the fixed annual carriage fees for the channels? +There is no indication as to whether or not the new deal includes additional Video On Demand and High Definition content? +Which two companies agreed to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to the carriage of their basic channels? +What company previously offered Video On Demand and High Definition content? +What did both BSkyB and Virgin Media agree to terminate? +What type of economy does Victoria have? +Where is Victoria's total gross state product ranked in Australia? +Where does Victoria rank in terms of GSP per capita? +What city is home to a number of museums, art galleries and theatres? +What is the largest stadium in Australia? +Where are Chinese miners particularly strong? +Where did the Lambing Flat riots occur? +Where did the riot occur? +How many miners were killed by typhoid in Buckland Valley? +What were the conditions on the gold fields? +What type of representation system did the Victorian Legislative Council elections use? +How many electorates were in the State of Victoria? +How many electorates were in the State of Victoria? +How long is the term of office of the lower house members? +When do elections for the Victorian Parliament occur? +What is the name of the Australian Labor Party? +What are the main political parties in Australia? +What is the name of the rural political party in Australia? +Who won their first lower house seats in 2014? +Which political party is Victoria's main political party? +What percentage of Victorians describe themselves as Christian? +What percentage of the Victorian population are Roman Catholics? +What is the state's largest non-Christian religion? +How many members are in the state's largest non-Christian religion? +What percentage of Victorians claim no religion? +Where is Victoria located? +What is Australia's most densely populated state? +What is Australia's second most densely populated state? +What is Australia's second-largest city? +What is Australia's second-largest city? +What are the Aboriginal peoples collectively known as? +When did Great Britain claim the entire Australian continent east of the 135th meridian? +What colony was Victoria included in? +Where was the first settlement in the area? +In what year did the first settlement in the area occur? +How many square miles of Victorian farmland are sown for grain? +What percentage of the area is sown for wheat? +How many square miles of Victorian farmland are sown for grain? +What percentage of Australian pears are produced by Victorias farms? +How many tonnes of pears and tomatoes were produced in 2016? +In what year was a written constitution enacted in Victoria? +What was the Victoria Constitution Act 1855 based on? +Who can amend the Victorian Constitution? +What provisions of the Victorian Constitution can be amended by the Parliament of Victoria? +What is the name of the bill passed by the United Kingdom Parliament that establishes the state's law-making body for matters coming under state responsibility? +What are Victoria's warmest regions? +What is the average temperature in winter? +What is the average temperature in winter? +What was Victoria's highest temperature since World War II? +When was Victoria's highest temperature recorded? +Who runs public schools? +Who runs public schools? +What extra costs are levied? +Who runs private fee-paying schools? +All schools must comply with what standards? +Which major car brands are based in Victoria? +In what year did Toyota announce it was shutting down its Australian plant? +When did Holden make his announcement? +When will Ford's Victorian plants close? +Which major car brand has used Victoria as a base for manufacturing plants? +How tall are the alpine areas in Victoria? +What is the highest peak in Victoria? +How tall is Mount Bogong? +What river system is in Victoria? +What is the state bird? +What is the coldest part of Victoria? +The Alps are part of what mountain system? +The Alps are part of what mountain system? +What is the average temperature in winter? +What was the state's lowest temperature? +What type of lines do private and public railway operators operate over? +What is the name of the major rail operator in Melbourne? +Who owns the V/Line? +What type of services do Pacific National, CFCL Australia operate? +What type of service does Metro Trains Melbourne run? +How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian Senate? +How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian Senate? +What is the name of the legislative body in Victoria? +What is the upper house called? +Who is the personal representative of the Queen of Australia in Victoria? +On what date were writs issued for the election of the first Victorian Legislative Council? +When were writs issued for the election of the first Victorian Legislative Council? +What event triggered the largest gold rush? +How much did the population of Victoria increase in ten years? +How much gold did Victoria produce in the decade 1851-1860? +How many Catholic schools were in Victoria as of August 2010? +How many independent schools were in Victoria as of August 2010? +How many students were enrolled in public schools? +How many full-time teachers does Victoria have? +What percentage of private students attend Catholic schools? +Where is the centre of dairy farming? +How much of Australia's milk is produced by dairy cattle? +How much of Australia's milk comes from dairy cattle? +How much of Australia's milk is produced in Australia? +Where is most abalone and rock lobster exported? +What broad gauge does the Victorian line mainly use? +What gauge has the interstate trunk routes been converted to? +How tall are the narrow gauge lines? +Where were the five formerly government-owned lines built? +How many kilometers of narrow gauge lines are the two tourist railways? +When was the colony of New South Wales founded? +What was the eastern half of Australia called? +What was the western half of Australia named? +In what city was New Holland located? +In what year did an armed rebellion occur at Ballarat? +Who crushed the mining licence fees? +What was the name of the rebellion against the government of Victoria? +What did the British do to reduce mining licence fees? +What act was passed in 1855? +Who is the leader of the political party or coalition? +Who is the leader of the political party with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly? +Who is elected to either house of parliament? +Who is the current Premier of Victoria? +Who is elected to either house of parliament? +What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2003-04? +What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2003-04? +How many square miles of Victorian land did farms occupy in 2004? +How many square miles of Victorian land was occupied by farms in 2004? +What percentage of the state's total land surface is covered by land? +What do major events play a big part in in Victoria? +Along with cultural tourism and sports, what is a major event that plays a big part in tourism in Victoria? +Where are most of the Australian Motorcycle Grand Prix held? +Where do most of these events occur? +What is the name of the local music festival in Bells Beach? +In what parts of France diduguenot numbers peak? +What percentage of French Catholics areuguenot? +When did the Wars of Religion last? +What document granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy? +What did the Edict of Nantes grant the Huguenots? +What was the original term used for Huguenot? +Where was John Calvin's adopted home? +What Swiss politician died in 1532? +What was the name of the plot to take over France from House of Guise? +In what year did the Amboise plot begin? +What was important to the spread of the Protestant movement? +When was a French version of the Scriptures prepared? +Who prepared the French version of the Scriptures? +In what year was the two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version printed? +Where was the two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version printed? +How many villes de sûreté were in Montpellier? +Where was the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots? +What was the name of the edict that ended Protestant rule? +In what year did the royal army siege Paris? +When was the Edict of Alès passed? +Where did the Huguenots settle? +Where did Maria de la Queillerie settle? +Who was the first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope? +Where did the first group of Huguenots set sail from? +When did most Huguenots arrive in the Cape? +In what year did the Huguenots sail to North America? +Who led the Huguenots to North America? +What was the name of the French church in New Amsterdam? +What is the name of the parish that continues today? +Where did the Huguenots live? +Where did the Huguenot families immigrate to? +Who purchased the Cooper, Ashepoo, Ashley and Santee River plantations? +Where was Rev. Elie Prioleau from? +When did the British Crown petition for the right to own land in the Baronies? +Where did many Huguenots settle? +Who became King of England? +Who did William III of Orange later become? +What group did William form? +Who attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672? +In what year did the French attack the Dutch Republic? +What document abolished all legal recognition of Protestantism in France? +When was the Edict of Fontainebleau issued? +Who issued the Edict of Fontainebleau? +How many Huguenots fled France by the early 18th century? +What church in France opposed the Huguenots? +What was the height of the persecution of Huguenots? +How many people were killed in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre? +What militia did the Huguenots have? +What were some of the Huguenots trying to establish? +When did the Huguenot rebellions occur? +Where did the Huguenot rebellions occur? +Who was the leader of the uprising? +Who was Louis XIII's successor? +What were the three small civil wars known as? +Approximately how many Protestants live in modern France? +What percentage of France's population are Protestants? +Where are most Huguenots concentrated? +Where are most Huguenots located? +What country still considers itself a Huguenot? +What was the name of the town that theuguenot settled in? +Where was the thirduguenot congregation located? +Where isuguenot Street Historic District located? +What is the name of the oldest street in the US? +Where did the Huguenots settle? +What country received the largest group of Huguenot refugees? +What was the estimated number of Huguenot refugees in the Dutch Republic? +What was the population of the Dutch Republic at the time? +Which two areas were the first to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants? +What happened to the Edict of Nantes? +Where was the prétendus réformés located? +What was the name of the gate of King Hugo? +What ghost haunted Huguon? +What is another name for prétendus réformés? +What did le roi Huguet do to the living? +Where is evidence of the Walloons and Huguenots found? +What was the name of the half-timbered house by the river? +What was the condition of the refugees' initial acceptance in the City? +Along with Sandwich, Faversham and Maidstone, what town in Kent had refugee churches? +What has been adapted as? +Where is French Church Street located? +Along with Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford, where did Huguenots serve as mayors? +Where did Huguenots live in the 17th and 18th centuries? +What was D'Olier Street named after? +When was the French church in Portarlington built? +What did the exodus of Huguenots create? +What country did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle in? +What religion did the French crown refuse to allow to settle in New France? +What was the North American front of the Seven Years' War? +In what years did the British defeat New France? +Who issued the Edict of Nantes? +In what year did the war end? +Who did the Edict grant equality with? +What did the Edict discourage? +What religion did Henry of Navarre recant? +What did the revocation of Protestant services require? +What did the revocation forbade? +How many people emigrated to the North American colonies? +What were Huguenots who stayed in France called? +Along with Holland, Prussia, and South Africa, where did Protestants come from? +Where did the first Huguenots seek freedom from persecution? +When did the French colonisers arrive in Brazil? +What was the name of the group of French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555? +In what year was the fort destroyed? +What was the first Protestant confession of faith in the whole of the Americas? +What language do most Afrikaans families speak? +What industry owes a significant debt to the Huguenots? +In what province of South Africa do many of the farms still bear French names? +What do most Afrikaans-speaking families have? +Who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina? +Who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina? +Where is the last Huguenot congregation in North America located? +Where is the Manakin Episcopal Church located? +Which state has the largest chapter of the Society? +What industry did the Huguenots work in? +What is the style of lace known as? +Where did twenty-five widows settle? +When did Mechlin lace develop? +What are the names of the two new neighbourhoods created by the Huguenots? +How much of the city's population was French speaking in 1700? +Why did the Germans switch to German? +In what years did Napoleon occupy Prussia? +Along with Berlin, Stockholm, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Helsinki, and Emden, what city had a congregations? +Which country did Frederick William welcome Huguenots to help rebuild? +What region of France did Huguenots remain in? +What group rioted against the Catholic Church in the region? +What did the Camisards do to the Catholic Church? +Between what years did French troops hunt down and destroy all the bands of Camisards? +Where is Fort Caroline located today? +Who was the leader of the Norman Huguenots? +What was the name of the small colony founded by Norman Huguenots? +What was the name of the Spanish colony at St. Augustine? +In what year did the French naval attack against the Spanish colony fail? +Where was Ribault's outpost located? +Where was Charlesfort located? +Who established the settlement of St. Augustine? +In what year did Jean Ribault lead an expedition to Florida? +What precluded a return voyage? +Where did the French Huguenots migrate to? +What county did the French Huguenots live in? +What is the name of the abandoned Monacan village now in Powhatan County? +How many settlers lived in the isolated settlement? +When did the Virginia General Assembly pass an act to naturalise the Huguenots? +During what years did the Dutch Revolt last? +Where did some Huguenots fight in the Low Countries? +What did William the Silent condemn? +Who wrote the "Apologie"? +What was William the Silent's religion? +What act was passed in 1708? +When was the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act passed? +How many Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England after the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act? +Who led the exiled community in London? +What doctrine did Andrew Lortie articulate? +What war diduguenot regiments fight for William of Orange in? +Who fought in the Williamite war in Ireland? +Along with Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford, and Youghal, what city was a notable Huguenot settlement? +What type of cultivation did smaller settlements contribute to? +What was the name of the Irish linen industry? +Who arranged the Huguenot community in present-day Saarland? +Who did Prince Louis de Condé arrange with to establish a Huguenot community? +What type of work did the Condés establish? +When did some members of the community emigrate to the United States? +In what year did Prince Louis de Condé establish a Huguenot community? +Along with the Electorate of Brandenburg, what was the name of the other two Protestant European nations? +Where did the bulk of Huguenot émigrés relocate to? +Where did the English colonies of North America live? +Where did the Dutch spread to? +How were the English colonies of North America and Quebec treated? +Who was the king of France before the Reformation? +What hypothesis argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet? +Who suggested that the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos? +What is another name for little Hugos? +What do some disagree with about double or triple non-French linguistic origins? +Who was one of the predecessors of the Reformed church? +What university did Lefevre attend? +When did Lefevre publish his French translation of the New Testament in the French language? +Who established a Protestant government in Geneva? +Who converted to Protestantism at the University of Paris? +When was the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre? +Who killed thousands of Huguenots in Paris? +How many Protestants were slaughtered in Toulouse? +In what year was an amnesty granted? +How many Protestants were massacred in Paris? +Who gained the throne in 1643? +Louis XIV acted increasingly aggressively to force the Huguenots to what? +What was the purpose of sending missionaries? +What type of schools were closed? +What was the name of the group that occupied Huguenot homes? +What county is New Rochelle located in? +What is the peninsula of Davenports Neck called? +What was John Pell's title? +What was New Rochelle named after? +What is the name of the third Episcopal church? +Most of the Huguenot congregations in North America are affiliated with what other Protestant denomination? +What led to the assimilation of the Huguenots? +Who established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills? +In what century did the descendants continue to use French first names and surnames for their children? +What type of gunpowder mills did E.I. du Pont establish? +Who was one of the most prominent Huguenot refugees? +Where did he start teaching? +What is the name of the multi-volume masterpiece published in Rotterdam? +What is one of the foundational texts of the US Library of Congress? +What is the name of the patron of the Huguenot families? +Who established the French Protestant Church of London? +When was the French Protestant Church of London established? +Where is Soho Square located? +Where diduguenot refugees flock to? +In what year was the Old Truman Brewery founded? +Where did Huguenot refugees find a safe haven? +Where did Huguenot refugees find refuge? +What special privileges were granted to Huguenots in Brandenburg-Prussia? +Who was Frederick William? +How many new regiments did Huguenots furnish? +Who invited Huguenots to settle in his realms? +What poet was a Huguenot? +Who was the Luftwaffe flying ace? +Who was the last Prime Minister of the East German Democratic Republic? +What is Thomas de Maizière's title? +What is a non-combustion heat source? +What is the ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze? +What does water transform into within a boiler operating at high pressure? +What type of pressure is used in a boiler? +What is another name for external combustion? +What was the first commercially successful true engine? +Who invented the atmospheric engine? +When was the atmospheric engine invented? +What type of pump did Papin propose? +Who proposed the piston used in Savery's steam pump? +Where was Richard Trevithick from? +When was the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built? +Where was Trevithick's train from? +Where is Abercynon located? +What direction did Trevithick travel? +What do most practical steam engines have? +What type of centrifugal pumps are used? +In what decade did injectors become popular? +Injectors are used in what type of locomotives? +What is an injector used for? +How many expansion stages do triple and quadruple expansion engines use? +What are triple and quadruple expansion engines known as? +When was the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing system used? +On what type of engines was the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing system used? +What was the name of the large passenger liners? +Which company had separate admission and exhaust valves in poppet valve gears? +Along with Stephenson and Walschaerts, what motions are used in Stephenson? +What is the usual compromise solution? +What may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox? +What happens to the lead if the water level drops? +What happens if the water level drops? +Who can manually suppress the fire? +What does the steam escape have little effect on? +Who patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion? +What motion did James Watt create? +How many people worked on the steam engine in 1781? +In what year did engines that could provide 10,000 hp become feasible? +The stationary steam engine was a key component of what revolution? +The history of the steam engine stretches back to what century? +Who described the first rudimentary steam engine? +Who described the aeolipile? +Who described a rudimentary steam turbine in 1629? +When did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont receive patents? +What type of engines came into widespread use in the 19th century? +What were double and triple expansion engines called? +What was important to reduce the weight of coal carried? +Along with electric motors and internal combustion engines, what was the main source of power in the early 20th century? +Why were double and triple expansion engines common? +What was the final major evolution of the steam engine design? +When did the final major evolution of the steam engine design begin? +For outputs above several hundred horsepower, what type of steam engine has fewer moving parts? +In the United States, what percentage of electric power is produced in this way? +What type of engines replaced reciprocating engines? +What is the most common source of heat used for boiling water? +What is another name for a closed space? +What type of energy is a nuclear reactor, geothermal energy, and solar? +What is the heat source of a toy steam engine? +What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines? +When was the most successful indicator developed? +Who developed the most successful indicator? +Who developed the most successful indicator? +Where was the most successful indicator exhibited? +How many degrees out of phase are two-cylinder compounds used in railway work? +At what temperature are the individual pistons in the double expansion group usually balanced? +How many degrees out of phase are two-cylinder compounds used in railway work? +What is another name for counterflow? +How many rotations does the complete engine cycle occupy? +How many events does the complete engine cycle consist of? +How many events does the complete engine cycle comprise? +Along with admission, compression and admission, what event is included in the complete engine cycle? +What is the name of the uniflow rotary steam engine? +Uniflow engines attempt to remedy what problem with the usual counterflow cycle? +What happens to the cylinder walls during the counterflow cycle? +What type of cylinder is an oscillating cylinder? +What is another name for the pivot mounting? +What type of models are these engines mainly used in? +On what type of ships are full size working engines used? +How is the working fluid recycled in a closed loop system? +What is another name for a closed loop system? +What is the working fluid in the mercury vapor turbine? +What is supplied in a closed loop system? +How is the efficiency of a Rankine cycle limited? +What is the creep limit of stainless steel? +What is the creep limit of a steam turbine? +What is the theoretical Carnot efficiency? +What are condenser temperatures in steam turbines? +What was the driving force behind the Industrial Revolution? +Along with railway locomotives, ships, and road vehicles, what type of transport appliances were powered by steam engines? +What was the name of the steam-powered farm tractors? +Where were steam engines used in the Industrial Revolution? +What led to an increase in the land available for cultivation? +What was the name ofrevithick's experiment? +Who built the Salamanca? +What locomotive was used by the edge railed rack and pinion Middleton Railway? +Which railway used the Salamanca? +What was the Locomotion for? +Who patented the Woolf high-pressure compound engine? +Who invented a method to lessen the magnitude of heating and cooling? +What can be reduced by staging the expansion in multiple cylinders? +What is required to derive equal work from lower-pressure steam? +In the 19th century, how much of the world's electric production was by steam turbines? +What type of steam engines were used in marine service? +What has almost entirely supplanted steam propulsion for marine applications? +What is the main use for steam turbines? +What has the recent use of large gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants resulted in? +What is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine? +Where is the waste heat removed? +In what decade did Rankine steam cycles generate 90% of all electric power used throughout the world? +Along with coal and nuclear power plants, what type of power plant was generated by Rankine steam cycles? +What nationality is William John Macquorn Rankine? +What was the historical measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency? +How many tons of duty did the original low-pressure designs deliver? +How many examples of Newcomen designs were there? +How many pounds of coal does one bushel of coal burn? +Who introduced the concept of duty? +What replaced reciprocating steam engines in power generation? +What type of steam engines remained the dominant source of power until the early 20th century? +What replaced reciprocating steam engines in power generation? +Along with electric motors and internal combustion, what advancement in the design of electric motors resulted in the replacement of reciprocating steam engines? +Who developed the first commercial steam-powered device? +What was the first commercial steam-powered device? +In what year was the first commercial steam-powered device developed? +Who introduced an ingenious improvement to Savery's construction? +Who described the improvement of Savery's construction? +Who obtained his high-pressure engine patent in 1802? +Who patented a high-pressure engine in 1801? +In what year did Trevithick get his patent? +What type of applications did these engines have? +What type of power did these engines have? +In what country is Energiprojekt AB located? +Where is Energiprojekt AB located? +What type of engine is a single-step engine? +How much steam per kWh does a kilowatt of steam produce? +What is the efficiency of Energiprojekt's steam engine? +What type of condensers do steam turbines use? +What is a dry type cooling tower similar to? +Where is a dry type cooling tower used? +What is evaporative? +How many cubic metres of make-up water does a coal-fired power plant use every hour for evaporative cooling? +Who adopted the centrifugal governor? +Who was James Watt's partner? +What was the name of the flour mill built by Boulton & Watt? +What type of engine was not suitable for constant speed? +The governor could not hold what? +When did compounding become universal for marine engines? +Where was compounding not universally popular? +What was compounding perceived as in railway locomotives? +In what year was compounding not employed in Britain? +What type of locomotives used compounding? +How are speed and momentum gained? +What does excessive compression mean? +What does choking the cylinder cause? +The simplest valve gears give events of what? +Who obtained the first patent for a steam engine? +What language did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont speak? +In what year did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont get his first patent? +In what year did Thomas Savery patented a steam pump? +In what year was Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine used? +What are rotors? +What type of shaft is alternating with a series of stators? +What are stators? +Where are stators located in a steam turbine? +How many revolutions per minute are typical speeds in the USA? +What is the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant? +Along with internal combustion engines and electric motors, what type of motor has replaced steam for mobile applications? +What is most electric power generated using? +What is the movement known as? +What has incited a renewed interest in steam? +What type of rotary engine is Wankel? +What is the Wankel engine used for? +What is a major problem with sealing rotors? +In what year did James Watt die? +What did the new version of Newcomen's engine have? +How much coal did Boulton and Watt's early engines use? +What engine did James Watt develop? +What type of piston was used in the partial vacuum generated by condensing steam? +How many independent mechanisms doSteam engines often possess? +What is in the top of a boiler? +What type of safety valve uses an adjustable spring-loaded? +What kind of seal does the adjustable spring-loaded valve have? +Why were early valves adjusted? +What was the acme of the horizontal engine? +In what year was the Corliss steam engine patented? +What percentage of steam did cotton use? +How many valves did the Corliss steam engine have? +What medal did Corliss receive? +What theory did the steam engine contribute to? +Who made the measurements that led to the separate condenser? +What was the name of the separate condenser developed by Watt? +Who was the original discoverer of latent heat? +What type of heat did Watt discover? +How much work is required to drive the pump during the compression stage? +What is the working fluid in the Rankine cycle? +What percentage of the turbine power does condensing the fluid consume? +What are turbine entry temperatures? +What is another name for an injector? +What do condensers recover? +What is used to raise the temperature of the steam above its saturated vapour point? +What is another name for a supply bin? +What is used when coal is used? +What did land-based steam engines usually use to exhaust their steam? +What was the name of the invention that replaced the steam turbine? +What is another name for dreadnought battleships? +Along with dreadnought battleships, what type of ships were steam turbines used in? +In what year did the HMS Dreadnought replace the reciprocating engine? +How do all nuclear power plants generate electricity? +What does heating water provide to a nuclear power plant? +What is the name of the electrical generator used in nuclear power plants? +What is another name for turbo-electric transmission? +In what country did some non-condensing direct-drive locomotives have success? +What is the Rankine cycle sometimes referred to as? +What is another name for rejection? +What is isobaric? +What is another name forconstant pressure? +What is used to pressurize the working fluid? +What is the atomic number? +What is the third most abundant element in the universe? +How many atoms of the element bind to form dioxygen? +How much of the Earth's crust is oxide compounds? +What percentage of the Earth's atmosphere is gas? +What percentage of the Earth's atmosphere isiatomic oxygen gas? +What is the symbol for Oxygen? +What is the atomic number? +What does monitoring of atmospheric oxygen levels show? +What is the third most abundant element in the universe? +What is the atomic number? +What group does Chalcogen belong to? +What is another name for oxides? +What is the third most abundant element in the universe? +What is dioxygen? +What uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen? +What does photosynthesis use to produce oxygen? +What layer of ozone protects the biosphere from ultraviolet radiation? +What is one of the major organic molecules in living organisms? +What is the major constituent of lifeforms? +What uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen? +What is the major constituent of lifeforms? +What form of oxygen strongly absorbs UVB radiation? +Who proved that air is necessary for combustion? +Who refined the work of John Mayow? +What is another name for spiritus? +When did John Mayow die? +Who proved that air is necessary for combustion? +What is another name for spiritus? +When did Robert Boyle prove that air is necessary for combustion? +Where is nitroaereus consumed? +Who refined the work of John Mayow? +Who conducted an experiment on August 1, 1774? +Who conducted an experiment on August 1, 1774? +What is mercuric oxide? +What does HgO stand for? +What substance did Joseph Priestley focus sunlight on? +What was the name of the gas used in the experiment? +In what year did Priestley publish his findings? +When did Priestley publish his findings? +What type of mouse lived longer while breathing candles? +Who built on Philo's work? +Where was Philo from? +In what century did Philo conduct his experiments on combustion and air? +What was surmised about parts of the air in the vessel? +Where was Philo from? +What type of element was the air in the vessel converted into? +What was Philo's work called? +Who built on Philo's work? +What was one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and? +What is needed to trigger combustion? +What is Oxygen? +What are compounds of oxygen with a high oxidative potential? +What is the source of most of the energy released in combustion? +What is needed to trigger combustion? +Fire and explosion hazards exist when what is brought into close proximity? +Highly concentrated sources of oxygen promote what? +Oxygen is the source of most of what? +Combustion hazards apply to compounds of what? +What type of pressure was the Apollo 1 capsule pressurized with? +Steel pipes and storage vessels are used to store and transmit what? +What was the normal pressure that would be used in a mission? +What does the design and manufacture of O 2 systems require? +Concentrated O 2 will allow what? +What is used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen? +What does the design and manufacture of O 2 systems require? +Who died in the fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew? +What oxide is found in granite and quartz? +What is another name for CO 2? +What is the mass of the Earth's mantle? +What is another name for CO 2? +What is Earth's crustal rock composed of? +What is the mass of the Earth's mantle? +What is the mass of the Earth's mantle? +What are complex silicates? +John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis assumed all elements were what? +John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis assumed that all elements were what? +What did Dalton assume that water's formula was? +What is the modern value of about 16? +What is the name of Avogadro's law? +What was the most common combustible material? +What type of materials contained little residue? +What did not play a role in phlogiston theory? +What was one of the first clues that the phlogiston theory was incorrect? +What do most common objects appear to do? +What is a covalent double bond? +How many oxygen atoms are in a dioxygen? +What is another term for low-to-high energy? +How are the two oxygen atoms bonded to each other? +What is formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms? +In what year was Oxygen discovered? +When was Joseph Priestley's work published? +When was his work published? +Who came up with the name oxygen? +What theory did Lavoisier discredit? +What is an electron configuration with two unpaired electrons called? +What is the ground state of the O 2 molecule referred to as? +How many unpaired electrons are in an electron configuration? +What does triplet oxygen prevent? +What is the highest energy of partially filled orbitals? +What two items were heated in a closed container? +What did Lavoisier observe in a closed container? +What did Lavoisier observe in a closed container? +In what year was Sur la combustion en général published? +What is another name for "lifeless"? +What is Trioxygen usually known as? +Trioxygen is reactive to what? +What is ozone damaging to? +What does the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere function as? +What is ultraviolet? +What is the common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth? +What is the bond length of O2? +The form of the Earth's atmosphere is a major part of what? +Why is O2 used by complex forms of life? +What type of respiration is O2 used for? +Who produced enough liquid oxygen to study? +In what year was Dewar able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study? +When was the first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen developed? +What was demonstrated for the first time in 1901? +What is more soluble in water than nitrogen? +What determines the solubility of oxygen in water? +How much oxygen does freshwater contain per liter? +What type of seawater contains about 4.95 mL per liter? +How many times does the solubility of oxygen in water dissolves? +What is the most abundant chemical element on Earth? +What is the third most abundant chemical element in the universe? +What percentage of the Sun's mass is oxygen? +What is the major component of the world's oceans? +What is produced by the O 2 surrounding other planets? +When did scientists realize air could be liquefied? +How did scientists discover air could be liquefied? +Who invented the cascade method? +How many drops of liquid were produced in either case? +When was Oxygen liquified for the first time? +What is believed to be the same as the primordial solar nebula? +What does the Sun have a higher proportion of? +What spacecraft returned a silicon wafer to the solar wind? +What is the name of the process that depleted oxygen-16? +Where are the Moon, Mars, and meteorites located? +What is the name given to several higher-energy species of molecular O 2? +What is molecular oxygen more reactive towards? +What is singlet oxygen formed from? +How is ozone produced in the troposphere? +Carotenoids in photosynthetic organisms play a major role in what? +Who measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in shells and skeletons? +What do paleoclimatologists measure in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms? +What percentage of water molecules contain the lighter isotope oxygen-16 evaporate at a slightly faster rate? +What is the ratio of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16? +What happens during periods of lower global temperatures? +What are the two spectrophotometric absorption bands? +What has been proposed as a possible method of monitoring the carbon cycle? +What is the satellite platform called? +How large is the global scale? +What has scientists proposed using to characterize plant health status? +What are O 2 molecules? +What is attracted to a magnet to a sufficient extent? +What are unpaired electrons in the molecule? +When do atoms impart magnetic character to oxygen? +A bridge of liquid oxygen can be supported against the poles of what? +Superoxide ion and hydrogen peroxide are dangerous by-products of what? +What does peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen destroy? +Reactive oxygen species play an important role in what? +Oxygen is toxic to what type of organisms? +When did O 2 begin to accumulate in the atmosphere? +At what temperature does oxygen condenses? +What color are liquid and solid O 2? +How is high-purity liquid O 2 obtained? +What is used as a coolant? +What must be segregated from combustible materials? +Where does free oxygen occur? +What is the solubility of O 2 at? +Why do polar oceans support a higher density of life? +What type of algae can be stimulated by eutrophication? +What is the biochemical oxygen demand? +When did photosynthetic archaea and bacteria evolve? +During what era did free oxygen first appear in significant quantities? +What did the banded iron formations form? +When did free oxygen reach its current level? +When did free oxygen begin to outgas the oceans? +The unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth is the result of what? +What describes the movement of oxygen within and between its three main reservoirs on Earth? +How many reservoirs does the biogeochemical cycle describe? +What is the main driving factor of the oxygen cycle? +What is the result of the oxygen cycle? +What is the name of the molecular sieves used to produce O 2 gas? +What percentage of nitrogen does the zeolite molecular sieves deliver? +What does the zeolite molecular sieves absorb? +What type of technology is increasingly used to obtain oxygen gas? +What is the major method of producing O 2 gas? +How can hydrogen gas be produced? +How can oxygen gas be produced? +What must be used if AC is used? +What are two examples of electrocatalytic O 2 evolution? +What type of catalysts can be used in chemical oxygen generators? +What kind of use does oxygen have? +What kind of euphoric euphoria does Oxygen have? +Why do athletes sometimes go off field between plays to wear oxygen masks? +What is a more likely explanation for the pharmacological effect? +When are enriched O 2 mixtures used? +What type of medicine uses special oxygen chambers? +Increased O 2 concentration in the lungs helps to displace what? +What bacteria is poisonous to? +What does Decompression sickness occur in? +What is Oxygen therapy used to treat? +What is the secondary effect of treatment? +What is used in medicine? +What is the essential purpose of respiration? +What is a disease that impairs the body's ability to take up and use? +What is the electronegativity? +What does oxygen form with almost all other elements? +What mineral is written as Fe 1 − xO? +What does oxygen form with almost all other elements? +What happens to the metal when it is coated with oxide? +What is an emergency supply of O 2 automatically supplied to passengers in? +What causes oxygen masks to drop? +What reaction produces a steady stream of oxygen gas? +What is produced by the exothermic reaction? +What type of storage methods include high pressure oxygen tanks and cryogenics? +In what type of tankers is oxygen often transported in bulk? +How is oxygen transported in bulk? +In what form is oxygen shipped? +Where are bulk liquid oxygen storage containers located? +What kind of solvents contain oxygen? +What is one of the most important classes of organic compounds? +Acetone and phenol are used as what? +What are ethers? +What is one of the most important classes of organic compounds? +Where is the element found? +How many common complex biomolecules contain no oxygen? +What is the largest proportion of organic compounds with biological relevance? +All fats, fatty acids, amino acids, and proteins contain what? +What is calcium phosphate and hydroxylapatite? +What can occur in deep scuba diving and surface supplied diving? +Prolonged breathing of an air mixture with an O 2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa can lead to what? +What type of partial pressures can lead to convulsions? +What is the most feared effect for divers? +What is the most feared effect for divers? +Why is pure O 2 used in space applications? +What is the average amount of O 2 partial pressure in the breathing gas? +How much more normal is the O 2 partial pressure in the breathing gas in spacesuits? +What is the effect of inhaling pure O 2 in space? +What is the result of the O 2 partial pressure in the astronaut's arterial blood? +At what level of partial pressure can oxygen gas be toxic? +When does oxygen toxicity usually occur at partial pressures? +What percentage of oxygen is used in partial pressures? +What kind of ventilators are patients on? +What percentage of gas is supplied through oxygen masks in medical applications? +When did the 1973 oil crisis begin? +What was the price of oil at the end of the embargo? +In what year did the second oil shock occur? +What was the second oil shock called? +Who declared an oil embargo in October 1973? +Why did some European nations try to disassociate themselves from the United States foreign policy? +Who negotiated an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula? +Who negotiated an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula? +When did Arab oil producers lift the embargo? +When did the United States pull out of the Bretton Woods Accord? +How did the value of the dollar change according to market demand? +Who increased their reserves? +When did OPEC release a joint communiqué stating that they would price oil in terms of a fixed amount of gold? +Why did oil producers' real income decrease? +How much had the dollar price of oil risen per year from 1947 to 1967? +What year did OPEC begin to readjust prices? +In what years did the price increases of gold and gold occur? +Until what event had the price remained stable? +When did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel? +What country was the world's second-largest oil exporter? +How many times more does it cost to say ten times more? +What country was the world's second-largest oil exporter? +What did the renewal of hostilities in the Arab-Israeli conflict release? +Why did OPEC raise the price of oil in 1973? +What did OPEC do on October 16, 1973? +How long did the embargo last? +How much did Nixon request Congress to appropriate? +What did the American aid to Israel respond to? +How much money did Saudi Arabia spend in the ensuing decades? +Along with Al-Qaeda and the Taliban, what violent Sunni group did Saudi Arabia support? +Where did arms purchases exacerbate political tensions? +What was the reason for the decrease in Western demand? +What is another name for Wahhabism? +What have been held responsible for recessions in the US production? +The Middle East could become another superpower confrontation with which country? +In what year did a negotiated settlement between the United States and the United Kingdom begin? +Who were interest groups and government agencies more worried about? +What had a negative influence on the US economy? +What is an example of an industry that was affected by price increases? +What type of problems consisted of inflationary and deflationary impacts? +What is an example of a rugged terrain? +How long did it take to find oil and develop new fields? +How many members of the EEC are from the Netherlands? +Which country refused to allow the UK to use its airfields? +How many members of the EEC did the Netherlands have? +Which country did the UK and France refuse to allow to use their airfields? +Who was Ted Heath's successor? +What country faced an oil crisis of its own? +What caused a series of strikes in the UK? +When did the strikes occur? +What country banned flying, driving and boating on Sundays? +What country rationed gasoline and heating oil? +What exacerbated the crisis in the US? +What did the price of new oil encourage? +What exacerbated the crisis in the US? +What was addressed by rationing? +Who was the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office? +In what year did Nixon name Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office? +What was the purpose of the Federal Energy Office? +What percentage of American gasoline stations had no fuel in February 1974? +What was the national maximum speed limit in 1974? +What act imposed the maximum speed limit in 1974? +Who signed the National Highway Designation Act? +When did Bill Clinton sign the National Highway Designation Act? +In what year was the Strategic Petroleum Reserve created? +What led to greater interest in renewable energy, nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels? +What are the two realities that American energy policies ignore? +Who has repeatedly backed policies that promise solutions that are politically expedient but whose prospects are doubtful? +Who was distraught by the rise in oil prices? +Who ordered a British intelligence estimate of US intentions? +How long did the American occupation need to last? +What did intelligence warn would result in the total alienation of the Arabs? +What country was the most dependent on Arab oil? +What percentage of imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970? +What percentage of production was cut in December? +When did Japan issue a statement stating that Israel should withdraw from all of the 1967 territories? +On what date was Japan considered an Arab-friendly state? +What was one sign of insecurity in the region? +What two countries became increasingly dependent on American security assurances to manage external and internal threats? +Who became increasingly dependent on American security assurances to manage both external and internal threats? +When did the Shah die? +When was the Grand Mosque seized by Wahhabi extremists? +What did the crisis reduce the demand for? +What type of imports were the Toyota Corona and the Toyota Corolla? +What type of engines did the Honda Accord have? +What country imported the Toyota Corona? +When did the oil crisis begin? +What was the name of the larger car introduced by Toyota? +What feature did the Toyota Corona Mark II have? +Along with Acura, Lexus, and Infiniti, what luxury car division was established in the US? +What was the name of the Toyota Hilux? +What was the name of the Dodge D-50? +Along with Ford, Chrysler, and GM, what other car manufacturer had joint partnerships with Mazda? +What policy did the American makers end? +What forced General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales? +How many passengers did the Dodge Omni / Plymouth Horizon have? +In what year did the average American vehicle move 17.4 miles per gallon? +The Cadillac DeVille and Fleetwood are examples of what type of sedans? +What was the name of the Chevrolet Bel Air? +By what year had virtually all "full-size" American cars shrunk? +In what year did Chrysler discontinue full-sized luxury sedans? +In what year did the NHTSA Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 215 come into being? +In what year didOPEC lose its preeminent position? +In what decade did the world price decrease? +What is Saudi Arabia trying to do to recover market share? +What was the world price in 1979? +What was the name of the three-man spacecraft created by Eisenhower? +Who carried out the Apollo program? +When was the first manned flight of Apollo? +Who was the first president of the United States? +How many people worked on Project Gemini? +When did Apollo run? +Which two-man program supported Apollo? +Who did the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project partner with? +What space station supported three manned missions in 1973-74? +In what year did the Apollo 1 cabin fire occur? +What was the cause of the cabin fire on the Apollo 1? +How many budget cuts forced the cancellation of three of these? +How many of the Apollo 13 missions achieved successful landings? +What caused the Apollo 13 landing? +What was the first manned spacecraft to orbit another celestial body? +What was the final Apollo mission to orbit another celestial body? +How many pounds did the program return? +Along with avionics, telecommunications, and computers, what technology did Apollo introduce to spaceflight? +How many astronauts did the Mercury capsule support? +How many astronauts did the Apollo capsule carry? +Who was the NASA manager who named the spacecraft after the Greek god of light, music, and sun? +What type of lunar landings would be possible? +When was the Apollo program conceived? +In what year did NASA announce the Apollo program? +Who led the in-house spacecraft design studies? +How many study contracts were awarded to General Dynamics/Convair? +Who was NASA Deputy Administrator in 1960? +Who was elected president in 1960? +Who did John F. Kennedy promise superiority over? +What type of commitment was required by a manned Moon landing? +Who requested a 30 percent budget increase for NASA? +What was the name of the missile gap that Kennedy spoke out against? +Who was the first person to fly in space? +Who was the first to fly in space? +How long after Gagarin's flight did congressmen pledge their support for a crash program? +How did Kennedy respond to the news? +On what date did Kennedy send a memo to President Johnson? +Who did Kennedy send a memo to? +How long did Johnson say he was not making maximum effort? +What did Johnson say the country was neither making maximum effort nor achieving? +Who was the leader of the Apollo program? +Where was NASA's Langley Research Center located? +Where was the site chosen? +Who donated land to Houston? +Where was the new Mission Control Center located? +Where is the Launch Operations Center located? +Who conducted the design, development and construction of the center? +Who was the LOC's first Director? +Who was the president of the United States? +How many pads were planned? +Which two spacecraft were initially received prior to being mated to their launch vehicles? +At what altitude could the Apollo spacecraft be tested in two vacuum chambers? +How many cubic feet was the Launch Complex 39? +Who did Webb recruit for a high management job? +When was Mueller appointed Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight? +Who was the Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight? +Who has a high management job? +What was Mueller's industry experience? +Where did Mueller find skilled managers? +Who did Mueller recruit to be the OMSF program controller? +When did the first manned landing occur? +What position did Phillips receive from Schriever? +What did many engineers fear would be difficult in lunar orbit? +In what year was direct ascent generally the mission mode in favor at NASA? +Who did Houbolt send a series of memos and reports to? +Who was the chairman of the ad-hoc committee? +When was the ad-hoc committee established? +What organization supported LOR? +Who became a champion of LOR? +Where did the engineers at the Marshall Space Flight Center live? +Who was Kennedy's science advisor? +Who did Wiesner hire to chair his "Space Vehicle Panel"? +Who reached an internal agreement with NASA? +When did NASA make its formal announcement to the press? +Who kept up the pressure on Wiesner? +What did Wiesner say in front of the press? +Who did Webb send a proposal to? +Who was the LEM contractor in 1962? +What did the LOR method allow the spacecraft to be used as? +On what date did an oxygen tank explosion leave the command ship without electrical power? +Along with propulsion, electrical power and life support, what did the Lunar Module provide to the crew? +In what year was the MSC study published? +What shape was Maxime Faget's command module? +What was the name of the Command/Service Module? +How many men did the Lunar Excursion Module take to the lunar surface? +How many astronauts did the Command Module carry? +What did the Command Module carry to Earth? +What type of heat shield was on the exterior of the car? +What was carried to slow its descent to splashdown? +How many pounds did the module weigh? +What type of Module supported the Command Module? +What antenna was used for long distance communications on the lunar flights? +What was discarded just before re-entry? +How many pounds did the initial lunar flight version weigh? +What was carried on the extended lunar missions? +Who won the contract to build the CSM? +How much thrust was required for translunar flight? +In what year did a program definition study conclude that the initial design should be continued as Block I? +What is the second stage of the Saturn V? +How many astronauts were in the Lunar Module? +How was the fuselage designed? +How many pounds did the initial LM model weigh? +How long were surface stays on an Extended Lunar Module? +Who started work on plans for large launch vehicles before the Apollo program? +Where was von Braun transferred from? +When did the Saturn V replace the Nova? +What was the dummy upper stage filled with? +In what years did five boilerplate CSMs launch into orbit? +What satellites supported the Apollo program? +What did the Pegasus satellites measure? +What was the upgraded version of the Saturn I? +How much thrust did the S-IB produce? +The S-IVB was used as what? +How many pounds did the Saturn IB send into low Earth orbit? +What three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon? +How tall was the Moon? +How many stages did the Saturn V have? +What did the second and third stages burn? +The Apollo astronauts were chosen from which two groups? +Who commanded the Gemini missions? +Who was the first NASA scientist to fly in space? +What was the name of the last NASA mission to land on the Moon? +On what mission did Schmitt land on the Moon? +How many astronauts were awarded the Distinguished Service Medal? +What is NASA's highest honor? +In what year did Grissom, White, and Chaffee receive the medals? +Why did the crew of Apollo 7 receive a lesser NASA Exceptional Service Medal? +What was the name of the Apollo 8 mission? +In what year were Block I CSMs launched? +What was the altitude of the first AS-201? +How many nautical miles was the second AS-202 recovered from? +What did these flights validate? +What was the first test flight of the Block II CSM? +What was the new Apollo spacesuit designed to accommodate? +What type of helmet replaced the traditional visor helmet? +What type of undergarment did the EVA suit include? +What was the name of the Lunar Module Pilot? +Who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs? +What was Slayton's job title? +When did Slayton select the first Apollo crew? +Who was the rookie Pilot on the first Apollo crew? +What was the name of the prime crew for the Mercury/Gemini? +Why was the AS-205 mission canceled? +When was the Saturn IB redesignated AS-205/208? +What was the Saturn IB redesignated as? +What were Schirra, Eisele and Cunningham reassigned to? +Who was appointed program director by Mueller? +What was Samuel Phillips's job title? +In what year did the first manned CSM flights take place? +Who was the Manned Space Flight Administrator in 1965? +Where did they conduct tests of their spacecraft? +Who decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight? +What did the "plugs-out" test simulate? +Where did the tests of their spacecraft take place? +Why did the crew notice a strange odor in their spacesuits? +When did the plugs-out test begin? +What kind of fire began in the cabin? +How did the astronauts feel before the hatch could be opened? +What percentage of oxygen was in the cabin? +Who was on the accident review board? +What deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control? +Who replaced Shea? +Who convened an accident review board? +What mixture is used before and during launch? +What was removed from the Block II spacecraft? +What did the Block II design replace the Block I hatch cover with? +What was the name of the manned Block I program? +What type of suits would crew members wear? +What sequence of mission types had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing? +What had to be successful in order to achieve the manned lunar landing? +What were used instead of numbers? +What was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V? +What is the name of the heat shield used to survive a trans-lunar reentry? +On what date did Apollo 6 carry a CSM and a LM Test Article as ballast? +Why did NASA cancel a third unmanned test? +What was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit? +Where did Apollo 5 launch from? +Who wanted a second unmanned test? +What was the result of the first descent stage firing? +What is abort mode known as? +How many Saturn IBs did Apollo 8 launch on? +What was the name of the spacecraft that carried animals to the Moon? +On what date did the Gemini astronauts return to Earth? +What did George Low suggest to send Apollo 8 to? +Along with human cosmonauts, who was believed to have been the first to visit the Moon? +Who was on the G mission? +When was the G mission achieved? +What kind of television did the spacecraft send back to Earth? +Along with Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin, who was on the G mission? +When did the astronauts return to Earth? +What was the name of the Apollo 12 mission? +What was the name of the unmanned lunar probe? +What happened to the parts of the Surveyor? +Where was the first surface color television camera pointed? +What does LRV stand for? +What was revised for extended missions? +How many planned landing sites did NASA announce? +How long did the CMP stay on the Moon? +How many more planned landing sites did NASA plan to increase? +What caused the liquid oxygen tank to explode? +How many rookies were on the first two landings? +What happened to Apollo in 1970? +What caused the explosion of the oxygen tank? +When did Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise launch? +What was eliminated from the Skylab orbital laboratory? +What happened to NASA's yearly budget? +What did the two unused Saturn Vs become? +When was the decision made to cancel missions 18 and 19? +How old are the rocks collected from the Moon? +How long are basaltic samples from the lunar maria? +What geochemical component has no known terrestrial counterpart? +What was the name of the important rock found during the Apollo Program? +What is never seen on Earth rocks? +Almost all rocks show evidence of what? +What is impact melt? +What was the estimated cost of the Apollo program in 2005? +How many Saturn V rockets were procurement? +How much was the cost of Apollo from 1959 to 1973? +What is another name for the Apollo Extension Series? +What program grew into the Apollo Applications Program? +What planet did the most ambitious plan call for using an empty S-IVB as an interplanetary spacecraft for? +When did the Skylab launch? +How was the Skylab constructed? +When did Skylab's last crew leave the station? +What was the solar telescope that would have been used on the Apollo Telescope Missions? +What was the name of the robotic spacecraft that photographed the lunar surface? +During what mission did the U.S. flags on the Moon remain standing? +What remains unknown about the colors of the flags left on the Moon? +Who sent the first live pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth? +Where did the Apollo 8 crew read from the creation story? +How much of the population of the world saw the Christmas Eve transmission? +What was the result of the mission and Christmas? +What was recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV? +What format was the Apollo TV camera recorded in? +What caused NASA to remove massive numbers of magnetic tapes? +Why did NASA remove the magnetic tapes? +Who led the team that designed and built the lunar television camera? +Who compiled the original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11? +Why was the video processed? +What kind of recordings were made at the Johnson Space Center? +Where was the original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 assigned? +The restored video is still in what two colors? +What are the three sources of European Union law? +What is European Union law? +What are the main sources of primary law? +Secondary sources include regulations and what? +What are the two main bodies of the European Union? +What is European Union law? + Regulations and Directives have what effect on the laws of European Union member states? +What are the three sources of European Union law? +What are the two main bodies of the European Union? +What are the three sources of European Union law? +What are the main sources of primary law? +What two bodies compose the legislature of the European Union? +How many sources of European Union law are there? +Who applies European Union law? +Who applies European Union law? +What treaty allows the European Commission to take proceedings against a member state? +What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? +What is the main source of European Union law? +Who applies European Union law? +The European Commission can take proceedings against a member state under what treaty? +What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? +What is the main source of European Union law? +Who applies European Union law? +Who applies European Union law? +What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law? +What are some sources of European Union law? +What are the two primary constitutional sources of the EU? +Who has the initiative to propose legislation? +Who elects the European Parliament? +What is the supreme judicial body that interprets EU law? +What is the European Council made up of? +What are the core treaties of the EU? +What region of the world is excluded from the jurisdiction of European Union law? +The Court of Justice of the European Union cannot rule on the validity of what treaties? +If the treaty provisions have a direct effect and they are sufficiently clear, precise and unconditional, what is the status of the Court of Justice? +Treaties are generally concluded for an unlimited period of what? +What are the two core treaties of the EU? +What are two territories where European Union law applies? +What happens to treaties when they enter into force? +Who can interpret the Treaties? +Along with coal and steel, what was one of the principal Treaties that form the European Union? +When was the Maastricht Treaty signed? +In what year did Spain and Portugal join? +When did the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway join? +In what year did Greenland sign a treaty giving it special status? +Along with coal and steel, what was one of the principal Treaties that form the European Union? +When was the Maastricht Treaty signed? +When was the Single European Act signed? +When did the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway join? +In what year did Spain and Portugal join? +What was the name of the treaty that attempted to reform the constitutional law of the European Union? +What was the result of the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe? +What was the substance of the proposed constitutional treaty? +What was the substance of the treaty? +What did the amending treaty do to existing treaties? +What was the goal of the Nice Treaty? +How many constitutional documents would have been produced by the Nice Treaty? +What was the result of the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe? +What treaty was enacted? +What is the main executive body of the European Union? +Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states that who shouldpromote the general interest of the Union? +Who sets the agenda for EU's work? +How many Commissioners are there in the Treaty of Lisbon? +Who is the current High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy? +Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union states that the Commission shouldpromote what? +Who sets the agenda for EU's work? +What is usually used to circulate proposals? +Which country refused to consent to changes in the Treaty of Lisbon 2007? +What is Article 17(3) of the Treaty on European Union? +What commission was censured by Parliament in 1999? +What did the Commission v Edith Cresson hold? +What group found that few Commissioners had even the slightest sense of responsibility? +Who appointed the six-person board? +What do the President of the Council and a Commissioner not have? +When was the Santer Commission censured? +What was the name of the case where a Commissioner gave her dentist a job for which he was clearly unqualified? +What was the name of the committee that found that few Commissioners had even the slightest sense of responsibility? +What did the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office lead to? +In what year did the Maltese Commissioner for Health resign? +Along with the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, what body has powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process? +Who cannot initiate legislation against the Commission's wishes? +How often do Parliament elections take place? +How much of a majority can censure the Commission? +What two bodies have a role in the legislative process? +Who has a monopoly on initiating legislation? +Along with the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, what body has powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process? +In what year did the Parliament first have direct elections? +How often do Parliament elections take place? +Which party leads the opposition? +What is the Council composed of? +Who is the current President of Poland? +When voting takes place, how is it weighted? +How many votes are there? +How many votes of the 352 votes are there? +What is the second main legislative body? +How often does the Polish government meet? +How many votes are there? +What percentage of the population of the EU are Council members? +How many readings are there in the Commission proposal? +How can the Council vote on the Commission proposal? +Is it harder or harder to change EU law than stay the same? +What articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred? +Which court believes it has the final say? +What article defines the ordinary legislative procedure that applies for most EU acts? +How can legislation be blocked in Parliament? +What articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred? +What is convened to try and get agreement on a joint text? +What branch of the EU has played an important role in the development of EU law? +What is the main judicial body in the European Union? +How many judges are there in the Treaty on European Union? +How is most EU law applied? +What is the CJEU's duty? +What has the judicial branch of the EU played an important role in? +What is the main judicial body in the European Union? +What is the name of the tribunal to deal with EU staff issues? +How long is a president elected? +What is the CJEU's duty? +If EU law conflicts with a provision of national law, what has primacy? +When was the nationalisation law in force? +In what years was the public health inspection fee imposed? +Which two courts have had to develop principles to resolve conflicts of laws between different systems? +In what year did Costa v ENEL occur? +What is the name of the court within the EU? +All member states recognize that EU law takes primacy over what? +What are the foundational constitutional questions of the EU? +When was the European Communities Act enacted? +What does the EU's legitimacy rests on? +If the EU does not comply with its basic constitutional rights and principles, what does it do? +What law binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law? +In what year were citizens or corporations said to not be allowed to bring claims against other non-state parties? +All actions by EU institutions can be subject to what? +What law binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law? +What was held that the provisions of the Treaties (and EU Regulations) are directly effective? +What article did Van Gend en Loos claim prevented the Dutch Customs Authorities from charging tariffs? +What is Van Gend en Loos? +What are EU Regulations the same as? +What kind of effect will the Treaties and Regulations have? +How many weeks does the Working Time Directive require every worker to have? +How many days of paid holidays do most member states require? +When did Advocate Generals argue that Directives should create rights for all citizens? +A citizen may rely on the Directive in what action? +When can a citizen or company invoke a Directive? +How long did Ms Kücükdeveci work for? +In what case did the Court of Justice hold that Mrs Foster was entitled to bring a sex discrimination claim against her employer? +At what age did British Gas plc make women retire? +Who has a duty to interpret domestic law as far as possible? +For what reason would incorporations be nullified? +Why did the Italian government fail to set up an insurance fund? +How much did Francisovich claim from the Italian government? +Who developed the rules of law? +What are some of the principles of European Union Law? +When did the European Court of Justice recognizeportionality? +What article of the EC Treaty recognizes the principle of proportionality? +What must be adopted when there is a choice between several appropriate measures? +When did the European Court of Justice recognize legal certainty? +What is an important general principle of international law and public law? +The adoption of laws which will have legal effect in the European Union must have what? +The doctrine of legitimate expectation has its roots in what principles? +What is the European Court of Justice bound to draw inspiration from? +What are fundamental rights recognised and protected in the constitutions of member states? +How many of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights? +What should be prevented from violating human rights? +When was the European Convention on Human Rights established? +What was the name of the European Court of Human Rights? +When did the European Council set up a body tasked with drafting a European Charter of Human Rights? +In what year was the Charter of Fundamental Rights adopted? +What document provided for the recognition of fundamental rights in the European Union? +What has become an integral part of European Union law? +Which European court enforced the Charter and the Convention? +The Social Chapter is a chapter of what treaty? +In what year was the Treaty of Amsterdam signed? +In what year was the Social Chapter developed? +How many general principles are there in the Social Charter? +How many pieces of legislation did the Social Charter become the basis for? +How many member states were in the Social Charter? +Which country refused to sign the Social Charter? +What treaty added an Agreement on Social Policy as a protocol? +In what year was the Social Charter added to the Social Chapter of the treaty? +What political party was elected to government in 1997? +In what year was the Agreement on Social Policy ratified? +What Directive required workforce consultation in businesses? +When was the Parental Leave Directive passed? +What did the Works Council Directive require? +Along with France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Germany, what countries signed the ECSC agreement? +In what year did the ECSC agreement begin? +Article 65 of the agreement banned what? +What article of the agreement banned cartels and mergers? +In what year was the Treaty of Rome signed? +What article of the Treaty of Lisbon prohibits anti-competitive agreements? +What doesArticle 102 prohibit? +What articles provide that a member state's right to deliver public services may not be obstructed? +What article prohibits the abuse of dominant position? +In what year was the concept of a "social market economy" introduced into EU law? +When was the Treaty of Rome signed? +What is the World Trade Organisation meant to reduce? +What was originally theorized to give way to a customs union? +What court has taken the view that the specific goals of free trade are underpinned by the general aims of the treaty for improvement of people's well being? +What principle allows free movement of goods within the European Union? +Who discriminated against parallel importers? +Who can be responsible for private actors? +What was the name of the case in which vigilantes sabotaged shipments of Spanish strawberries? +What was the result of the protest? +What was the minimum alcohol content of all spirits and liqueurs? +Where did Rewe-Zentrale AG want to import Cassis de Dijon? +In what year was the Commission v Italy Italian law passed? +What was all Italian chocolate made from? +What did the Court of Justice hold an Italian law prohibiting? +Which two importers claimed that their prosecution under a French competition law prevented them selling Picon beer under wholesale price? +What was the aim of the law? +What was the case of Konsumentombudsmannen v De Agostini? +What law harmonised restrictions on restrictions on marketing and advertising? +What did the Treaties seek to enable people to do? +What group originally focused on free movement of workers? +What was the free movement based on? +What was the name of the case where a German man claimed the right to residence in the Netherlands? +How did the Court of Justice rule that Steymann was entitled to stay? +What article set out the main provisions on equal treatment of workers? +What was the name of the footballer who claimed he should be able to transfer from R.F.C. de Liège? +What language was required to teach in a Dublin design college? +In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a Dutch national was not entitled to continue receiving incapacity benefits? +In Geven v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen, how long did a Dutch woman work? +What has increasingly been seen as a "fundamental" status of member state nationals by the Court of Justice? +What has the number of social services in the EU increased? +In what case did the Court hold that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students? +What type of education is required by the Court? +What treaty protects the freedom of establishment in article 49? +If the requirements to be registered in Milan before being able to practice were non-discriminatory, what would happen? +In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar was unjustified? +What article of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union protects the "freedom of establishment"? +In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a requirement for lawyers in Italy to comply with maximum tariffs was not a restriction? +In what year was a toxic waste spill off the coast of Côte d'Ivoire? +What does Spain not have a crime against? +In what year did the Court of Justice rule that the Commission could not propose criminal sanctions? +In what year was the competence for the Union to do this contested? +What does TFEU article 56 apply to? +Why did Dutch law say only people established in the Netherlands could give legal advice? +What drugs were controlled in all member states? +What did the Dutch health authorities regard as unnecessary? +What newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands? +What was the minimum amount of capital to start a company in the UK? +How many Danish krone did Denmark's legislature say companies should only be started up if they had? +What could be justified by restrictions on freedom of establishment? +In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a German court could not deny a Dutch building company the right to enforce a contract in Germany? +What is another name for the Amazon Jungle? +How many square miles are covered by the rainforest? +How many nations are in the region? +How many nations have "Amazonas" in their names? +How much of the planet's remaining rainforests is the Amazon? +What is the Dutch word for the Amazon rainforest? +What is the name of the Amazon rainforest? +Which country has the majority of the rainforest? +How many of the planet's remaining rainforests are in the Amazon? +How many trees are in the Amazon? +What type of forest is the Amazon Jungle? +How many square miles are covered by the rainforest? +How many nations are in the region? +Which country has the majority of the rainforest? +How many species of trees are in the Amazon? +What may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent? +What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics? +During what period did the rainforest stretch a narrow band? +What type of formation did the rainforest retreat to during the Middle Miocene? +How did the rainforest survive during glacial periods? +Along with the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate, what event may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent? +How far south was the rainforest from Mya? +What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics? +During what period did the rainforest spanned a narrow band? +What type of formation did the glacial maximum occur in? +What event occurred after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction? +Where did the rainforest extend from? +During what period did it expand again? +Where was the last glacial maximum? +How long have climate fluctuations allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics? +What was split along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch? +Where did water on the eastern side of the Amazonas Basin flow? +What is the lake now known as? +When did the accumulating water break through the Purus Arch? +What flow did the Purus Arch join? +When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split? +Where did water on the eastern side flow to? +Where did water flow to to the west? +Where did water flow to? +What is the lake now known as? +When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split? +What Arch split the drainage basin of the Amazon? +Where did water on the eastern side flow to? +Where did water flow to to the west? +What is the lake now known as? +What is another name for the Last Glacial Maximum? +What was the rainfall in the basin during the LGM lower than? +What do some scientists argue the rainforest was reduced to? +Why has this debate been difficult to resolve? +What explanation is reasonably supported by the available data? +How long have there been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation? +What is another name for the Last Glacial Maximum? +What type of deposits were found in the Amazon basin during the LGM? +What type of vegetation was reduced during the LGM? +How long have there been significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation? +What type of deposits were found in the Amazon basin during the LGM? +What type of vegetation was reduced during the LGM? +What are the two types of refugia in the rainforest? +Where is data sampling biased? +What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? +What is the average amount of dust transported from the Sahara to the Amazon? +How long is the trip from the Sahara to the Amazon? +Where does 27.7 million tons of dust fall? +How many tons of dust fall over the Amazon basin? +What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? +What is the average amount of dust transported from the Sahara to the Amazon? +How many tons of dust fall over the Amazon basin? +How many tons of dust fall over the Amazon basin? +How many tons of dust remain in the air? +What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon? +What organization is NASA associated with? +What is the average amount of dust transported from the Sahara to the Amazon? +How long is the trip from the Sahara to the Amazon? +How many tons of dust fall over the Amazon basin? +What book did Betty Meggers write? +What is the maximum population density in the rainforest? +How was the Amazon rainforest able to sustain a large population? +What has suggested that the region was actually densely populated? +How many people lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500? +Why was it difficult to sustain a large population through agriculture? +Who wrote Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise? +What is the population density in the rainforest? +What book did Betty Meggers write? +Who wrote Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise? +What book did Betty Meggers write? +What is the population density in the rainforest? +How many people lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500? +What was the population of the city in the 1980s? +Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River? +When did Orellana say a complex civilization was flourishing along the Amazon? +What disease spread from Europe? +When were geoglyphs discovered on deforested land? +When were geoglyphs discovered on deforested land? +Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River? +In what year did Francisco de Orellana travel the length of the Amazon River? +When were geoglyphs discovered on deforested land? +Who is accredited with first discovering the geoglyphs? +How long has the Amazon rainforest been shaped by man? +What is terra preta? +Where is Terra preta distributed? +What did the fertile soil allow for? +What tribe was in the region of the Xingu tribe? +Where were the remains of the Xingu settlements found? +What is Terra preta? +What did the fertile soil allow for? +What tribe was in the region of the Xingu tribe? +Who found the Xingu settlements in 2003? +Along with roads, bridges and plazas, what evidence was found in the area? +How many birds and mammals live in the region? +How many bird species live in the rainforests of the Amazon? +How many plant species have been classified in the region? +How many of the bird species in the world live in the Amazon? +How many invertebrate species have been described in Brazil? +How many birds and mammals live in the region? +How many birds and mammals live in the region? +How many plant species have been classified in the region? +How many reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region? +How many bird species live in the rainforests of the Amazon? +How many acres is the Ecuadorian rainforest? +How many tree species does the Ecuadorian rainforest support? +How many tonnes of living plants are in the Amazon rainforest? +What is the average plant biomass per hectare? +How many species of plants of economic and social interest have been registered in the region? +The biodiversity of plant species is the highest on what planet? +How many tree species does the Ecuadorian rainforest support? +How many tonnes of living plants does the Amazon rainforest contain? +What is the average plant biomass per hectare? +How many species of plants of economic and social interest have been registered in the region? +What type of eels can produce an electric shock? +What is one of the largest predatory creatures? +What animal is known to bite and injure humans? +What kind of toxins do poison dart frogs secrete? +Which bats can spread the rabies virus? +What is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas? +When was access to the forest's interior restricted? +What method was used in the early 1960s? +Why were the colonists unable to manage their crops? +What is visible to the naked eye from outer space? +What was the total area of forest lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000? +What was the total area of forest lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000? +What did most of the lost forest become? +What is Brazil's ranking as a global producer of soybeans? +What percentage of formerly forested land in the Amazon is now used for livestock pasture? +What has been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects in the Amazon? +What did the first two highways lead to? +What was the mean deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005? +What has declined in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2014? +What was the mean deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005? +What are environmentalists concerned about? +What are environmentalists concerned about? +What could accelerate global warming? +What percentage of the carbon stores are in Amazonian evergreen forests? +How many metric tonnes of carbon does the Amazonian evergreen forests have? +What is one of the conditions that could cause the Amazon rainforest to become unsustainable? +What is one computer model of future climate change caused by? +By what year will the Amazon rainforest lose its cover? +In what century could the rainforest be threatened? +Along with climate change, what else could threaten the rainforest? +What are indigenous territories destroyed by? +Ethno-biology and community-based conservation are examples of what? +What are the two main causes of the destruction of indigenous territories? +What is the name of the indigenous people in the Peruvian Amazon? +What is the relationship between non-human primates and lowland South American peoples? +What is used for the conservation of the Amazon? +What tribe does the Trio Tribe belong to? +Where do the Trio Tribe live? +Why did the Trio Tribe map out their ancestral lands? +What are the indigenous tribes of the basin trying to protect from? +What is crucial to accurately map the Amazon's biomass? +What is crucial to accurately map the Amazon's biomass? +Who organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories? +In what year did Tatiana Kuplich organize the trees of the Amazon? +What does SAR stand for? +In what year did parts of the Amazon basin experience the worst drought? +Where are scientists from? +What are the effects of the drought response on regional climate? +What is another name for savanna? +How many years of drought did the Woods Hole Research Center survive? +In what year did the Amazon rainforest experience another severe drought? +How many square miles of rainforest was affected in 2005? +How many epicenters did the 2010 drought have? +In what year did the Amazon rainforest experience another severe drought? +How many gigatons of carbon dioxide does Amazon absorb? +What is another name for comb jellies? +Where do comb jellies live? +How large are cnidarians? +Where do comb jellies live? +What is the most distinctive feature of cilia? +How does water flow through the body cavity? +What is the average size of an adult? +What is the most distinctive feature of cilia? +What is another name for comb jellies? +What is the average size of an adult? +How does water flow through the body cavity? +What does pherō mean? +Where do comb jellies live? +How many times do ctenophores eat in a day? +How many species have been validated? +How many species have been validated? +How many species have been validated? +What are the retractable tentacles in cydippids called? +How many times do ctenophores eat in a day? +What kind of tentacles are cydippids with? +What do coastal beroids use to prey on other ctenophores? +How many times do ctenophores eat in a day? +What are the retractable tentacles in cydippids called? +What do coastal beroids use to prey on other ctenophores? +What kind of cells capture prey? +How many species have been validated? +What are most species of hermaphrodites? +What do miniature cydippids look like? +Are juveniles capable of reproduction before reaching adult size? +What does hermaphrodites do? +What are simultaneous hermaphrodites? +What are hermaphrodites? +What are platyctenids? +What is the combination of hermaphroditism and early reproduction? +How many hermaphrodites can produce both eggs and sperm? +What kind of hermaphrodites can produce both eggs and sperm at the same time? +What are sequential hermaphrodites? +What are platyctenids? +What are miniature beroids with large mouths? +Where was the ctenophore accidentally introduced? +What is the name of the ctenophore accidentally introduced into the Black Sea? +What caused the growth of the Mnemiopsis population? +What do Beroe preys on? +What is the name of the ctenophore accidentally introduced into the Black Sea? +What did Mnemiopsis eat to cause fish stocks to collapse? +Where do ctenophores live? +Where do ctenophores live? +What are phytoplankton? +What is the name of the ctenophore accidentally introduced into the Black Sea? +What is Mnemiopsis blamed for? +What helped to mitigate the problem of ctenophores? +When did the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event occur? +Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the "cydippids" are not what? +How long ago were ctenophores found in lagerstätten? +What kind of tentacles were ctenophores thought to have? +How long ago were ctenophores found in lagerstätten? +When did the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction occur? +Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the "cydippids" are not what? +What kind of tentacles were ctenophores thought to have? +Ctenophores are about as complex as what other animal? +How are ctenophores distinguished from other animals? +Ctenophores are less complex than what other animal? +What animal phylum is more complex than sponges? +What are colloblasts? +Ctenophores are about as complex as what other animal? +What are colloblasts? +What are colloblasts? +What are ctenophores and cnidarians? +Ctenophores are less complex than what other animal? +What is the middle layer of cells in ctenophores called? +What have ctenophores and cnidarians traditionally been labelled? +What is the mesoglea in cnidarians? +What type of animal has two main layers of cells? +What are the largest non-colonial animals? +What is the main method of locomotion for ctenophores? +What are comb-like bands of cilia called? +What does the word "ctenophora" mean? +What are the three coastal genera? +What type of species are so fragile that it is difficult to capture them? +Coastal species need to be tough enough to withstand what? +What are the three coastal genera? +What is the inner surface of the cavity lined with? +What do photocytes produce? +What is another name forthroat? +What type of cavity forms in an animal? +Where are the roots of the tentacles found? +What are comb rows called? +What are "combs" also called? +The extra compact filament is suspected to have what? +What direction do ctenophores usually swim? +How long are the cilia in thecomb plates? +What do some species rely on to adapt to water of different densities? +What is the mesoglea? +What do ciliary rosettes do to the mesoglea? +What do rosettes pump water out of? +What is the largest sensory feature? +Where is the aboral organ located? +What kind of dome is the statocyst protected by? +What is the main component of the statocyst? +What is the statocyst's main component? +What is another name for sea gooseberry? +What kind of tentacles extend from opposite sides of the body? +What shape do ctenophores bodies have? +Where are the tentacles housed? +Where is the mouth of Pleurobrachia? +What are the tentacles of cydippid ctenophores typically fringed with? +Where are specialized mushroom-shaped cells located? +What type of muscle does Euplokamis have? +How many types of movement do euplokamis' tentilla have? +What are the three types of movement used in euplokamis? +How many rows of combs are there? +How many rows of combs are there? +How are the combs spaced? +What groove runs out under the dome? +What are lobes? +What do the auricles of lobates produce? +How many auricles do lobates have? +What do the auricles help direct? +What kind of prey do lobates feed on? +How can lobate genera Bathocyroe and Ocyropsis escape from danger? +What drives lobates backwards? +How are lobates' combs coordinated? +Why are lobates' combs coordinated by nerves? +What is another name for the Beroida? +What is another name for Nuda? +What do the narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells on the stomach wall do? +What do the narrow strips of adhesive epithelial cells on the stomach wall do? +What is the large pharynx of the Beroida? +What arebelt animals? +What is the largest ctenophores? +What does the Cestida mean? +How can cestids swim? +How long is Velamen parallelum? +What are the tentilla-bearing tentacles on the aboral surface of Platyctenida? +What do they do with the pharynx? +What do all platyctenid species lack? +Where are Platyctenids usually found? +Where are eggs and sperm released? +What do platyctenids use for internal fertilization? +What species of hermaphroditic species are self-fertilized? +Where are the gonads located? +What do platyctenids use for fertilization? +What do the juveniles lack? +Where do the juveniles live? +Where do the juveniles drop to after the metamorphosis? +What do the juveniles behave like? +What genus has tentacles and tentacle sheaths? +What do Bathyctena chuni and Eurhamphaea vexilligera produce when disturbed? +What do some species produce that luminesce at the same wavelengths as their bodies? +What are secretions called? +Do Juveniles luminesce more brightly or more brightly than adults? +What are almost all ctenophores? +What do members of the genus Haeckelia prey on? +What do members of the genus Haeckelia incorporate into their tentacles? +What do Pleurobrachia and Bolinopsis feed on? +Which species feeds exclusively on salps? +Why were ctenophores regarded as "dead ends"? +Which fish digest ctenophores 20 times as fast as an equal weight of shrimps? +What is it difficult to identify in the guts of possible predators? +Where do herbivorous fishes feed on gelatinous zooplankton during blooms? +What may temporarily wipe out ctenophore populations? +What was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov? +How was the Western Atlantic ctenophore introduced? +What was brought under control by the accidental introduction of the Mnemiopsis-eating North American ctenophore? +When was the Western Atlantic ctenophore introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov? +What was the effect of the cooling of the local climate? +Why are ctenophores rare as fossils? +What kind of jelly could the Ediacaran Eoandromeda represent? +When was the Cambrian period? +How many putative species were found in the Burgess Shale? +How many comb rows did all three species have? +How long ago was Stromatoveris dated? +What fossil is similar to Vendobionta? +What fossil is similar to Vendobionta? +What fossil is similar to Stromatoveris? +What period did Vendobionta belong to? +Ctenophores are the sister lineage to what other animals? +What animal lineages were lost in the ctenophore lineage? +What are all modern ctenophores except for? +What does Harbison conclude about cydippids? +How long ago did the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction occur? +Who concluded that cydippids are not monophyletic? +What is the county seat of Fresno County? +How far is Sacramento from Los Angeles? +What does the name Fresno mean in Spanish? +What leaf is featured on the city's flag? +What is the county seat of Fresno County? +What year did the Central Pacific Railroad establish a station near Easterby's? +Why did many Millerton residents move to the new community? +In what year did Fresno become an incorporated city? +How many streetcars did the Fresno Traction Company operate in 1931? +What store grew around the station? +What percentage of Fresno's population is Asian? +Along with German Town and Little Italy, what neighborhood was in Fresno before World War II? +Where was the Pinedale Assembly Center located? +What was the Pinedale Assembly Center used for? +What was the Fresno Fairgrounds used as? +What was the name of Bank of America's new product? +What was the name of Bank of America's new product? +What did BankAmericard allow cardholders to do? +In what year was BankAmericard spun off? +What is the current name of the company that spun off BankAmericard in 1976? +Who wrote the song "Walking Into Fresno"? +Who recorded the song "Walking Into Fresno"? +Where did Aken grow up? +Where did Aken make his first TV appearance? +Who adopted Aken? +How many large public parks does Fresno have? +Where is the Fresno Chaffee Zoo? +What park is home to historic Kearney Mansion? +What is the name of the Japanese Gardens in Woodward Park? +What park is home to historic Kearney Mansion? +Between what years did Downtown Fresno flourish? +What is the name of the library in Fresno? +What is the current name of the San Joaquin Light & Power Building? +What is the name of the hotel that was burned down? +In what year did Fulton Street become one of the nation's first pedestrian malls? +What is the name of the area that contains the densest collection of historic buildings in Fresno? +Who is the only public art piece in the world that one can walk up to and touch? +Where will the public art pieces be placed? +What will the public art pieces feature? +On what side of Fresno is Sunnyside located? +Which two major thoroughfares are in Kings Canyon? +In what decade did the home construction boom begin? +What neighborhood is on Fresno's far southeast side? +Who designed the Sunnyside Country Club's golf course? +What famous theater is located in the Tower District? +When was the theater built? +What is another name for the theater? +What was the original name of the Fresno Normal School? +How far is the Tower District from downtown Fresno? +When did the Tower Theatre reopen? +Along with second and third run movies, what type of films were shown at the Tower Theatre in the late 1970s? +In what year did Roger Rocka's Dinner Theater & Good Company Players open? +Where did Audra McDonald play Evita? +What roles did Audra McDonald play in The Wiz? +Along with restaurants and nightclubs, what type of theater is present in the neighborhood? +How close are the restaurants and bookstores in the neighborhood? +What area has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses? +What area has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses? +What area has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses? +What is the area known for? +What type of houses are in the area? +What type of architecture is the Tower District? +What has happened to many of the homes in the area? +Which section of Huntington Boulevard is home to many large, stately homes? +Who mapped the Alta Vista Tract? +In what year did Billings & Meyering acquire the tract? +How many homes did the tract have a half decade later? +What company created the right-of-way along Huntington Boulevard? +What is another name for the West Side of Fresno? +Which freeway divides Fresno from Downtown Fresno? +What community is traditionally considered to be the center of Fresno? +What is another name for Hmong? +Which neighborhood is one of the oldest in the city? +What is Kearney Boulevard named after? +What type of trees are on Kearney Boulevard? +What is the name of the street between Fresno Street and Thorne Ave? +What is the name of the section of the West Side south of Jensen? +What subdivision was known as the "Dogg Pound"? +When were public housing developments built in the neighborhood? +Where is a modern shopping center located? +Along with Cargill Meat Solutions, what company has a large processing facility in the neighborhood? +Where is the Fresno Chandler Executive Airport located? +How much retail activity does the neighborhood have? +Who founded Woodward Park? +How many acres of land are in the park? +How many people can be seated in the multi-use amphitheatre? +How many miles does the Lewis S. Eaton trail system cover? +When is the park open? +When was Sierra Sky Park Airport formed? +Who created the nation's first planned aviation community? +What is the name of the residential airport community founded in 1946? +What type of vehicles are allowed to share certain roads? +What is the name of the first aviation community to be built? +What type of climate does Fresno have? +What month is the warmest? +What is the average annual precipitation? +Where do most wind rose direction occurrences derive from? +In which months are there an increased presence of southeastern wind directions in wind rose statistics? +What is the official record high temperature for Fresno? +On what date was the official record high temperature for Fresno? +In what month did the most rainfall occur? +What was the heaviest snowfall at the airport? +What was the most rainfall in 24 hours? +What was the population of Fresno in 2010? +What percentage of Fresno's population is white? +How many African American people are there? +What percentage of the population in 2010 were non-Hispanic Whites? +What was the population density per square mile? +How many households were there in Atlantic City? +What percentage of households had a female householder with no husband present? +How many same-sex married couples were there? +What was the average family size? +What was the average household size? +How many people lived in Atlantic City in 2000? +How many housing units were there? +What percentage of the city is white? +How much of the population of Atlantic City is Asian? +What was the population density per square mile? +Why did the Federal Communications Commission decide that Fresno would only have UHF television stations? +What was the name of the first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting? +When did KMJ-TV begin broadcasting? +What is KMJ now known as? +What is the name of the CBS affiliate in Fresno? +What is the main north/south freeway in Fresno? +What freeway heads east to the city of Clovis and Huntington Lake? +What is State Route 41? +Where does State Route 180 come from? +What is the largest US city not directly linked to an Interstate highway? +When was the Interstate Highway System created? +What is the name of the State Route that is now State Route 99? +What is the name of the interstate highway that is rapidly raising population and traffic? +Who providesenger rail service in San Joaquins? +Where is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot located? +What are the mainlines of the Bakersfield-Stockton mainlines? +Which railroad operates former Southern Pacific branchlines? +Where is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot located? +What concept did Paul Baran come up with? +What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching? +What did the concept of pre-allocation contradict? +Who is credited with coining modern name packet switching? +What concept did Paul Baran develop? +What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching? +Who is credited with coining modern name packet switching? +What method pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session? +What is circuit switching characterized by? +What is packet switching characterized by? +What method pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session? +What does circuit switching pre-allocates? +What is circuit switching characterized by? +What may be characterized by a fee per unit of information transmitted? +Packet mode communication may be implemented with or without what? +Packets are normally forwarded according to some scheduling discipline for what? +How can packets be delivered in a shared physical medium? +Packet mode communication may be implemented with or without what? +Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes according to what scheduling discipline? +How can packets be delivered in a shared physical medium? +What concept did Baran develop? +What was the name of the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching? +What is another name for message blocks? +How are messages delivered? +What did the report P-2626 describe? +How are messages delivered? +What concept did Baran develop? +What is the term used to describe the use of a decentralized network with multiple paths between two points? +Who developed the same message routing methodology as Davies? +What was Baran's name? +What did Baran propose to build in the UK? +What did Roberts suggest for use in the ARPANET? +Who developed the same message routing methodology as Baran? +What was Baran's name? +What did Lawrence Roberts suggest for use in the ARPANET? +What does each packet include in connectionless mode? +What happens when packets are routed individually? +What is each packet labeled with? +How is the original message/data reassembled in the correct order? +What is different for different packets? +Routing a packet requires the node to look up what in a table? +Why are packets negotiated between endpoints? +What does Connection-oriented transmission require? +Where does Frame Relay provide connection-oriented operations? +What has supplanted Frame Relay at the network layer? +What was used to interconnect LANs across wide area networks? +What is a typical configuration for IP over ATM? +When didARPANET and SITA HLN become operational? +The division of functions and tasks between hosts at the edge of the network and the network core involved what two fundamental differences? +What guarantees in the virtual call system? +What is an example of a datagram protocol? +When was AppleTalk developed? +What did AppleTalk's features not require? +What did the AppleTalk system configure? +What was the name of the plug-n-play system? +What was the name of the French research network designed and directed by Louis Pouzin? +Who was responsible for reliable delivery of data? +What was the first network to make hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data? +What architecture influenced ARPANET? +Who created DECnet? +Why was DECnet released? +What did the seven-layer OSI-compliant networking protocol evolve into? +What did DECnet Phase II include? +How many computer sales and service centers did the data network connect? +What was the world's first commercial online service? +Who was given the job of turning the business around? +What did Kemney decide a time-sharing system could be? +Why was the Michigan Educational Research Information Triad formed? +Where was an interactive host to host connection made? +In what state did additional public universities join the network? +What was the first FCC-licensed public data network in the United States? +Who founded ARPANET? +Why was ARPANET founded? +What was the host interface to? +Who bought Telenet in 1979? +Where was Tymnet based? +How many large companies did Tymnet connect to? +How are users connected? +What allowed government agencies and large companies to build their own dedicated networks? +How were private networks connected to the public network? +What were two kinds of X.25 networks? +Who developed DATAPAC? +How could a host call a host on a foreign network? +Who operated the AUSTPAC network? +What applications did AUSTPAC support? +How can access be accessed? +Who operated the public switched data network? +How did Datanet 1 refer to the network? +What was the name of the public PAD service Telepad? +How did the use of the name KPN contribute to the confusion? +What was the name of the computer network funded by the National Science Foundation? +What was the purpose of the network? +What was the major milestone on the path to development of? +What is the name of the not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium? +Who partnered with the Internet2 community to build the first internet2 Network? +What was the name of the first internet2 Network? +What company did Internet2 partner with in 2006 to launch a brand new nationwide network? +What did Internet2 call its new, higher capacity network? +What was the name of the program that promoted advanced research and education networking in the US? +What was the purpose of the National Science Foundation Network? +What did the supercomputing centers develop into? +What service came on line in April 1995? +What was the purpose of the VBNS project? +Who operated the MCI Telecommunications network? +How many national points of presence did the vBNS connect by 1998? +What did vBNS upgrade the entire backbone to? +Where did the Black Death originate? +Where did Oriental rat fleas live? +What percentage of Europe's total population was killed by the Black Death? +When did the world population recover to pre-plague levels? +In what century did the plague recurred in Europe? +What is enzootic? +What are the earliest graves in Kyrgyzstan? +What country could the plague have spread to? +In what year did the famine begin? +How many Asians were killed by the plague? +Who first introducedague to Europe? +Who led the Mongol army under Jani Beg? +What did the Mongol army do to the infected corpses? +Where did the Genoese traders flee to? +Along with war, famine, and weather, what conditions contributed to the severity of the Black Death? +Where did the disease spread to? +Where did it spread to? +What parts of Europe had smaller trade relations with their neighbours? +Where did the disease spread to? +In what year was it introduced in Norway? +What did the Plague lead to? +In what year did the plague reach Alexandria? +Along with Constantinople and ports on the Black Sea, where did the plague reach Alexandria? +Where did most of the residents flee to? +Who claimed that the Latin name atra mors was used for the 14th century epidemic? +What is the Latin name for Black Death? +Who wrote "Vulgo & ab effectu atram mortem vocatibant"? +When was the medieval epidemic first called the Black Death? +Where did the name spread? +What did the king of France blame in his report? +Who was the king of France in 1345? +What is the most widely accepted theory of the plague? +What is another name for the Miasma theory? +What was responsible for the Black Death? +In what year did scientists visit Hong Kong? +Who was the French-Swiss bacteriologist named after? +What was the mechanism by which Y. pestis was usually transmitted? +How many populations of rodents did the bubonic plague mechanism depend on? +Who wrote about the 'Great Pestilence'? +What type of plague was the Great Pestilence? +When was the second edition of the Black Death published? +Along with rats and fleas, what animal was implicating in the Black Death? +What plague was prevalent in the Eastern Roman Empire from 541 to 700 CE? +What is the mortality rate of the modern bubonic plague? +What are the symptoms of the bubonic plague? +What percentage of people with the bubonic plague die within eight days? +What is the mortality rate of the pneumonic plague? +What are the symptoms of purple skin patches? +In what year did PLoS Pathogens publish a paper about the role of Yersinia pestis? +What was the name of the study published in 2010? +What does PCR stand for? +Where were the tooth sockets found? +Who was the causative agent of the epidemic plague? +What are two previously unknown but related clades? +What are the two modern isolates of the modern Y. pestis strains? +How many waves did the plague enter Europe in? +When did the first variant of the plague enter Europe? +In what year did the first variant of the plague reach England? +What have the results of the Haensch study been confirmed and amended? +Where was the burial site of the Black Death? +What may no longer exist? +When was the study published? +What British bacteriologist challenged the plague theory? +What did Shrewsbury think was inconsistent with the modern bubonic plague? +What did Shrewsbury conclude about contemporary accounts? +What was the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory? +Who wrote the first major work to challenge the bubonic plague theory directly? +What is as important as an identification of symptoms? +What are researchers hampered by? +How much did the population vary from the start of the plague? +From where are estimates of plague victims usually extrapolated? +When was the Domesday Book published? +What was insufficient to account for a bubonic plague pandemic? +What was likely to be of marginal significance to the theory of the Black Death? +Why are temperatures too cold in northern Europe? +How fast was the spread of the Black Death? +How long are major outbreaks in the same areas separated by? +Twigg suggested that the cause was a form of what? +What did Norman Cantor think may have been the cause of anthrax? +Along with typhus, smallpox and respiratory infections, what other disease can be attributed to the Y. pestis? +What is septicemic? +How many bodies were exhumed in 2014? +How much of Egypt's population died in the Black Death? +How many people died in Paris? +Along with pre-planning and Christian burials, what type of burials were found in the Central London mass burial pit? +What percentage of the population was likely to die in crowded cities? +What areas were less vulnerable to contagion? +During what centuries did the plague haunt Europe and the Mediterranean? +Where was the plague present in every year between 1346 and 1671? +How many people died in the epidemic of 1628-31? +What is the range of preincident population figures in England? +In what year did the Black Death end? +What percentage of the population was affected by the Plague of 1471? +In what year did the Great Plague of London end? +How many people died of the plague in Paris? +Where did the Black Death end? +When was the Italian Plague? +In what year was the last plague outbreak in Oslo? +How many times did plague occur in Venice between 1361 and 1528? +How many people died in the plague? +How many people lived in Naples in 1656? +How much did the plague of 1649 reduce the population of Seville? +What was the name of the war that followed the Great Northern War? +In what year did Europe's last major epidemic occur? +Between what years wasague present in at least one location in the Islamic world? +How many inhabitants did Algiers lose in 1620-21? +In what century did plague become a major event in Ottoman society? +How much of Baghdad's population has been wiped out? +What causes a rock to crystallize? +What type of rock can be turned into? +What type of rock may once again crystallize? +What are the three major types of rock? +What causes metamorphic rock to change? +What was one of the most important discoveries of the 1960s? +What part of the upper mantle is the lithosphere? +What is the name of the upper mantle of the Earth? +The oceanic lithosphere is the rigid upper thermal boundary layer of what? +When was seafloor spreading discovered? +What are the divergent boundaries of mid-ocean ridges? +What are convergent boundaries? +What resulted in widespread powerful earthquakes? +Who developed the theory of continental drift? +What part of the lithosphere does the theory of plate tectonics combine? +What do seismologists use to image the interior of the Earth? +What was on top of the layered model of the Earth? +Along with the crust and lithosphere, what was on top of the layered model? +What kind of images have seismologists been able to create? +Along with the outer core and inner core, what is below the layered model of the Earth? +What shows the most recent eon with an expanded scale? +What is a short period with short epochs? +What is the latest epoch? +What period does Q stand for? +What is the principle of cross-cutting relationships? +If a fault is found that penetrates some formations but not those on top of it, then the formations that are cut are older than what? +What may help determine whether a fault is a normal fault or a thrust fault? +If a fault is found that penetrates some formations but not those on top of it, what is it called? +What type of rocks are found in igneous rocks? +What is another name for magma? +What is another name for inclusions? +What principle states that inclusions and components must be older than the formation that contains them? +In sedimentary rocks, what is often ripped up and included in a newer layer? +What principle is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks? +Who laid out the principles of succession? +The principle becomes quite what? +What kind of organisms exist at the same time period throughout the world? +Who wrote the theory of evolution? +When did important advancement in geological science occur? +What did geologists use to date sections of rock relative to one another? +With isotopic dates it became possible to assign what to rock units? +What did geologists use to date sections of rock relative to one another? +What could the absolute dates be applied to? +What techniques can be used to determine temperature profiles within the crust? +What is the closure temperature? +What are isotope ratios of radioactive elements measured in? +What can provide absolute age data for sedimentary rock units with radioactive isotopes? +What compression causes rock units to shorten and become thicker? +Where can brittle deformation occur? +What is another term for a fold where the material in the center of the fold buckles downwards? +What is another name for "antiforms"? +What are the tops of rock units within folds called? +What causes the rock units as a whole to become longer? +What is the French word for "sausage"? +Where can the entire sedimentary sequence of the Grand Canyon be seen? +Rocks at the depth to be ductilely stretched are often also what? +Along with ductile stretching and thinning, what is another way to achieve normal faulting? +What type of intrusions enter along cracks? +Dikes form in large numbers in areas that are what? +Faulting and other deformational processes result in what? +What maintains the topographic gradient along the fault? +What type of events are often associated with volcanism and igneous activity? +What type of lava flows make up the Hawaiian Islands? +What is the oldest known rock in the world? +The Grand Canyon and the mid-continental United States contain almost-undeformed stacks of what? +How long have the stacks of sedimentary rocks remained in place? +Where is the Acasta gneiss located? +What is petrology? +What is stratigraphy? +What is structural geology? +What type of soils do geologists study? +What do petrologists identify in the field? +Along with pleochroism, twinning, and interference, what property of minerals are studied through a petrographic microscope? +Stable and radioactive isotope studies provide insight into what? +Where do petrologists identify rock samples? +What microscope is used in optical mineralogy analysis? +Petrologists can use fluid inclusion data to perform what? +Petrologists can use fluid inclusion data to perform what? +Along with igneous and metamorphic processes, what process changes mineral phases? +What type of geologists use microscopic analysis of thin sections of geologic samples? +What type of analysis do structural geologists use? +What do the measurements of geological structures help understand? +In addition to analog and numerical experiments, what type of experiments are performed? +What are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries? +What are orogenic wedges? +What is pulled along a lower surface into a back stop? +What do all angles remain the same? +What kind of models are analog models? +Who analyze samples of stratigraphic sections? +Stratigraphers analyze data from what? +Geophysical data and what else can be combined to produce a better view of the subsurface? +What do stratigraphers often use to produce a better view of the subsurface? +Along with water, coal, and hydrocarbon extraction, what type of extraction is used by stratigraphers? +How do geochronologists date rocks within the stratigraphic section? +What are biostratigraphers? +What type of stratigraphers look for signs of magnetic reversals? +What type of geochronologists precisely date rocks within the stratigraphic section? +Where can geology be traced to? +Who was one of the earliest Persian geologists? +Who formulated a hypothesis for the process of land formation? +What Persian scholar proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains? +What kind of shells did Kuo see in a geological stratum? +Who is often viewed as the first modern geologist? +What was the name of the paper presented in 1785? +In what year didutton publish a two-volume version of his ideas? +How old was the Earth when he wrote his paper? +Who produced the first geological map of the US? +When was the first geological map of the U.S. produced? +In what year did Maclure begin to make a geological survey of the United States? +What was the memoir entitled? +Which society submitted the results of his labours to? +What was the name of the book published by Sir Charles Lyell? +What doctrine did Darwin promote? +What doctrine did Darwin promote? +What is the theory that Earth's features formed in single, catastrophic events? +Who wrote the book uniformitarianism? +How far is Newcastle upon Tyne from Edinburgh? +How far is Newcastle upon Tyne from London? +Newcastle is a member of what network of European cities? +Newcastle was part of what county until 1400? +What is the regional nickname for people from Newcastle and the surrounding area? +Who was William the Conqueror's eldest son? +What did the city grow as an important center for? +What was the major coal mine in Southampton? +When did the port develop? +What is the name of the world's most popular half marathon? +Who was the first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle? +Where was Pons Aelius located? +What was the estimated population of Pons Aelius at this time? +What is still visible in parts of Newcastle? +What tribes were incursion into Hadrian's Wall? +What was England's northern fortress? +Who granted the new charter to Southampton? +How tall was the wall built around the town? +Who was imprisoned in Newcastle in 1174? +How many times did Newcastle defend against the Scots? +In 1530 a royal act restricted all shipments of what? +What was the cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as? +What does the phrase itself mean? +What was Timothy Dexter widely regarded as? +What was the purpose of the merchants plotting to ruin him? +What type of people lived in the Sandgate area? +What type of boats were used to transfer coal from the river banks to the waiting colliers? +How many people died of plague in the 1630s? +What percentage of the population of Newcastle died from the epidemic? +How much of the population of Newcastle died from the epidemic? +Who did the North declare for during the English Civil War? +Who captured the town of Newburn? +What type of drummes did Cromwell use? +What did the motto "Fortiter Defendit Triumphans" mean? +Where was Charles I imprisoned? +What did the revolution result in? +What was the name of the largest pottery company in the world? +Newcastle was one of the first cities in the world to be lit up by what? +In the 19th century, shipbuilding and heavy engineering were central to what? +What invention led to the revolution of marine propulsion? +What kind of street layout does Newcastle still have? +What kind of alleys can only be traversed by foot? +What remains in places of the city centre? +Close, Sandhill and Quayside contain what type of buildings? +What is the name of the restaurant located in the 16th century? +What is the name of the neoclassical center in Southampton? +What did Stuart Maconie describe Newcastle as? +What street did Nikolaus Pevsner describe as one of the finest in England? +When was Grainger Town demolished? +What was the name of the shopping center that was demolished in the 1960s? +What is the name of the green space in Newcastle? +What do the freemen of London have the right to graze? +What is the largest travelling funfair in Europe? +When is the Hoppings funfair held? +Who has the right to graze cattle on it? +What type of regeneration has replaced shipping premises with imposing new office developments? +Who commissioned the Gateshead Millennium Bridge? +Who designed the Sage Gateshead music center? +What is the name of the tourist promotion between Newcastle and Gateshead? +How long was the temporary Bambuco Bridge? +What is the historic heart of Newcastle? +Between what years did Richard Grainger establish Newcastle upon Tyne? +How many stories high are these buildings? +How many buildings are listed in Grainger Town? +What was the name of the earlier market built in 1808? +In what year did the Grainger Market open? +When was the grand dinner held? +What type of art does the Laing Art Gallery have? +What does English Heritage stand for? +What type of climate is Newcastle? +What is the influence of in Newcastle? +What type of weather does the city of North Pennines experience? +In what month did Newcastle Weather Centre record temperatures of −12.6 °C? +Along with the British Isles, what area of the UK has milder winters and cooler summers? +In what year did Newcastle place ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK? +What is the largest shopping center in the UK? +What is often cited as the world's first department store? +How did Bainbridge's official ledgers report revenue? +When did the new bus station open? +What is the name of the area around Grey's Monument? +What is the largest shopping area outside of the city centre? +What is the largest Tesco store in the UK? +What is the name of the largest indoor shopping centre in Europe? +Where is the MetroCentre located? +What was the dominant housing form constructed at the time when industrial centres on Tyneside were growing most rapidly? +What were Tyneside flats built as? +What valley has been recreated by a new development? +Who were attracted by the possibilities of high density without building high and getting rid of common areas? +What were Cany Ash and Robert Sakula attracted to? +What was the proportion of detached homes in the 2010 Census? +What was the percentage of converted or shared houses in 2011? +Why is the proportion of converted or shared houses higher than Manchester and Liverpool? +In terms of housing stock, the authority is one of what? +What is Tunbridge Wells? +In what year did the UK Government return census information? +What borough of Newcastle has a population of 259,000? +What is the population of Newcastle? +Along with Northumbria, what university has a large student population in Newcastle? +Areas with predominant student populations include Jesmond and Heaton? +What is the average age of people living in Newcastle? +What do many people in the city have? +Along with Armstrong, Charlton, Elliot, Johnstone, Kerr, Hall, Nixon, Little and Robson, what is another name for Border Reiver? +How many Bolivians live in Newcastle? +What percentage of Newcastle's population is Bolivians? +What is the dialect of Newcastle known as? +Who spoke the Geordie dialect? +The Geordie dialect retains many elements of what language? +What are some words pronounced in Anglo-Saxon? +What does "burn" mean? +Where did the Geordie words come from? +Where are some words used in the Geordie dialect used? +In what language do the words "bonny" and "bounce" appear to be used? +What is the most common word used in Newcastle? +From what language is the word "hoy" derived? +What was the name of the report published in early February 2007? +What was Newcastle named as in 2007? +What was the average level of decibels in Newcastle? +What was the long-term impact of the noise levels? +What was Newcastle's underpass without? +What street is popular for nightlife? +What is the name of the new indoor complex in the city centre? +How many screens does The Gate have? +What is the name of Newcastle's gay scene? +Along with bars, cafés and clubs, what is a notable feature of the Pink Triangle? +What type of theater does Southampton have a proud history of? +Who managed the original Theatre Royal? +Who guided the theatre through many celebrated seasons? +When was the original Theatre Royal opened? +What street was demolished to make way for the replacement of Grey Street? +How many theatres are in Southampton? +What is the name of the largest theater in London? +Who has hosted a season of performances from the Royal Shakespeare Company for over 25 years? +What type of talent does the Mill Volvo Tyne Theatre feature? +What was NewcastleGateshead voted as in 2006? +What is the largest independent library outside London? +How many LPs does the library contain? +Who designed the Lit and Phil building? +What was the first public building to be lit by electric light? +Who gave a lecture in the lecture theatre? +What beer festival takes place in April? +When is the Evolution Festival held? +The AV Festival of international electronic art is known as what? +What is the name of the festival of food and drink? +How many weeks does NewcastleGateshead last? +What is the largest travelling fair in Europe? +When does the Hoppings take place? +What is the name of the movement that began in the 1880s? +What is the Northern Rock Cyclone? +Where is the Northern Pride Festival held? +What is the name of the two-day multicultural event held in Newcastle? +Where will the 2009 event take place? +What is the name of the annual design event held in October? +What is the SAMA Festival? +Where does the International Arts Fair take place? +What type of music isLindisfarne? +When was "Fog on the Tyne" released? +What is another name for Venom? +What was the name of the first folk metal band? +Andy Taylor is a former lead guitarist of what band? +When was the Pilgrim Street building refurbished? +Where was the cinema relocated to? +What is the name of the last surviving news cinema in the UK? +What is the name of the last surviving news cinema in the UK? +What is the name of the United Kingdom's last surviving news cinema still in full-time operation? +What is the name of the museum in Newcastle? +What does the Discovery Museum highlight? +What type of shipbuilding is featured in the Discovery Museum? +When did the Newcastle on Tyne Museum of Antiquities merge with the Hancock Museum? +What is the name of the museum dedicated to children's books? +What is the earliest known movie featuring exterior scenes filmed in the city? +What film was shot on location in and around Newcastle? +What was the name of the gangster in Stormy Monday? +Who directed Stormy Monday? +Who starred in Stormy Monday? +Newcastle has a horse racing course at what park? +What is the name of the football team in Newcastle? +What is the name of the city's speedway team? +Where are the Newcastle Diamonds based? +What is the name of the road race from Newcastle to Blaydon? +How far is Newcastle International Airport from the city centre? +How is Newcastle connected to the city? +How long does it take to reach Newcastle city centre? +How many passengers does the airport handle each year? +How many destinations are available worldwide in 2007? +Glazing was placed over the historic arches and what else? +How many Grade One listed railway stations are in the UK? +Where was glazing placed over the historic arches? +Who designed the station's neoclassical façade? +What is the name of the city's other mainline station? +What is the frequency of Virgin Trains East Coast trains? +How long is the journey time of Virgin Trains East Coast? +Where are all trains from Virgin Trains East Coast located? +Which trains serve destinations in Yorkshire, the Midlands and the South West? +Who provides local and regional services? +What is the name of the system of suburban and underground railways in Tyne and Wear? +How many phases did Britain's first urban light rail system have? +What type of tunnels were built through Newcastle city centre? +What was built across the Tyne between Newcastle and Gateshead? +How many passengers does DB Regio carry each year? +What is the name of the period of refurbishment and modernization? +The new ticket gates are part of what? +Along with tracks, signalling and overhead wires, what is being overhauled? +What is one of the longer term plans? +What would most of the proposed routes require? +What is the name of the major road in the area? +What is the name of the road that heads past Newcastle Airport? +What is the name of the old road in the area? +What was the name of the new line of the A1? +When was the capacity of the Tyne Tunnel increased? +How many main bus companies provide services in the city? +How many major bus stations are in the city? +What are the 3 main bus companies in Southampton? +What is the name of the Passenger Transport Executive? +Where does Go-Ahead Bus Station operate? +In what year did Newcastle develop its cycling strategy? +What do the local council social aims and objectives for cycling include? +What does cycling promote? +How many contraflows does the authority have? +Where does the authority link the local networks to? +What Danish ferry company runs a service to IJmuiden? +When did the DFDS ferry service end? +What was the cause of the end of the DFDS ferry service? +In what year was the ferry service to Bergen and Stavanger terminated? +What cruise line has included Newcastle as a departure port on its Norwegian and Fjords cruise? +How many independent schools are in Newcastle? +How many independent schools are in Newcastle? +What is the largest co-ed independent school? +What is the largest general further education college in the North East? +What type of school is St. Mary's? +How many universities does Newcastle have? +How many universities does Newcastle have? +What award did The Times win in 2000? +What was the name of the UK-wide process in which polytechnics became new universities? +What are the names of the two universities in Newcastle? +How many cathedrals does Newcastle have? +In what year was the lantern tower of the Anglican St. Nicholas built? +Who designed the Roman Catholic St. Mary's? +What is the only parish church in the Church of England without a parish? +How did the three cathedrals begin their lives? +What is the name of the oldest church in Southampton? +When was the main porch added? +What was the last addition to the building? +What is surrounded by the last of the ancient churchyards? +What tower received a battering during the Siege of Newcastle? +Where was ITV Tyne Tees based? +Where did the company move to in 2005? +Where is the entrance to studio 5 located? +What is the name of the building in which BBC North East and Cumbria is located? +What local radio station broadcasts Look North? +What is the name of the first community radio station in the area? +What radio station is run by students from both of the city's universities? +When did Radio Tyneside begin broadcasting? +What station is based in the Great North Children's Hospital? +Where does Newcastle Student Radio broadcast from? +In what year did Avison die? +What is Basil Hume's title? +Who was the father of Lord Armstrong? +What light bulb did Sir Charles Parsons invent? +Where was Abhisit Vejjajiva born? +What school did Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch attend? +What international footballers were born in Newcastle? +What award did David Scott Cowper win? +What is the most characteristic musical instrument in the region? +Where did Eric Burdon, Sting, Mark Knopfler, Alan Hull, and Neil Tennant live? +Where is the V&A located? +How many objects does the Victoria and Albert Museum have? +When was the Royal Institute founded? +Who was the Queen of England named after? +Where is the V&A located? +In what year was the Royal Institute founded? +Who was the Queen of England named after? +Who sponsors the museum? +When was the entrance to the museum free? +How many acres does the V&A cover? +How many galleries does the V&A have? +How many years of art does the collection span? +Along with Europe, North America, Asia, and North Africa, what continent has a large collection of art? +What is the world's largest collection of post-classical sculpture? +When was the Great Exhibition? +Who was the first director of the V&A? +What was the original name of the V&A? +Where was the Museum of Manufactures transferred to in September? +Who produced a design for the museum? +Who opened the doors on June 22, 1857? +When was the official opening of Queen Victoria's palace? +Who was the first Keeper of Fine Art Collection? +What type of openings were made possible by gas lighting? +When did the Royal College of Art achieve full independence? +When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held? +How many people attended the Britain Can Make It exhibition? +What was the name of the Festival of Britain? +What did the success of the exhibition lead to the planning of? +By what year had most of the collections been returned to the museum? +What was the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert? +What band presented a combined concert/lecture with the V&A? +Who was the directorship of Roy Strong? +What type of music did Gryphon explore? +The V&A is in discussion with which university? +What was the estimated cost of the gallery project in 2015? +Where is the V&A Dundee located? +Along with fashion, architecture and product design, what is the V&A Dundee intended to focus on? +How many years is it planned to open? +What was the name of the house that occupied the land? +What was the name of the first building to be erected in the museum? +Who was the architect of the Royal Engineers? +Where is the Secretariat Wing located? +What is in the Secretariat Wing? +What was the name of the gallery to the east of the Oriental Courts? +What style was adopted for the museum? +Who designed the bronze doors in the north façade? +Who painted the panels on the north façade? +Who painted the mosaic in the north façade? +Along with Philip Webb and William Morris, who was the designer of the Green Dining Room? +Who painted the stained-glass windows? +Who designed the Centre Refreshment Room 1865-77? +Who sculpted the marble fireplace in the Centre Refreshment Room? +Who designed the Grill Room 1876-81? +Who was the next architect to work at the museum? +What is another name for the School for Naval Architects? +What type of stone is the staircase made from? +What kind of drawings are housed in the Sackler Centre for arts education? +When did the Sackler Centre for arts education open? +What was used to decorate the east side of the building? +Who designed the wrought iron gates? +Where are the Cast Courts located? +What was the final part of the museum designed by Scott? +Who designed the exterior mosaic panels in the parapet of the Art Library? +Who designed the main facade of Cromwell Gardens? +What is the main façade of the museum built from? +How long is the main façade of the museum? +What is the name of the statue above the main entrance? +What is the name of the top row of windows in the museum? +Who sculpted Queen Victoria? +How many levels of galleries are in the façades? +Who sculpted Queen Victoria? +What type of marble is used in the entrance hall and flanking staircases? +Which Queen appears above the frame around the arches and entrance? +Where did the new storage space in the Art Library take place? +What wing did the museum acquire in 1974? +What was constructed on the site of the former boiler house? +Who designed the iron gates in this building? +What was the intended site of the new entrance building? +What is the name of the main silverware gallery? +In what year were mosaic floors in the sculpture gallery restored? +What is the name of the redesign of the galleries in the museum? +Where is the tunnel to the subway leading to? +Who designed the new Cafe? +Who redesigned the central garden? +What was the new name of the central garden? +What is the shape of the water feature? +What is the purpose of the water feature? +What is planted in the two corners by the north façade? +In what year did the V&A open the first permanent gallery in the UK? +Who opened the first permanent gallery in the UK? +How many papers and paraphernalia are in the world's most comprehensive architectural resource? +What is the name of the collection transferred to the museum? +How many papers and paraphernalia are in the world's most comprehensive architectural resource? +Who owns the RIBA's holdings of over 330 drawings? +Who is one of the British architects whose drawings are featured in the collection? +How many drawings are in the RIBA's holdings? +Who is one of the British architects whose drawings are in the collection? +Who is one of the British architects whose drawings are in the collection? +Where is the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated? +The facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated c1600 from what building? +When was the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house dated? +Where is a dormer window dated 1523-35 from? +Where is the column from? +How many items does the V&A hold? +When did the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art open? +What is the highlight of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art? +Where are the displays in this gallery from? +When was the Salting Bequest of? +How many pieces of art are in the Museum's collection? +How many objects are in the Museum's South and South-East Asian collection? +How many textiles are in the Museum's collection? +When did the Jawaharlal Nehru gallery open? +Who opened the gallery of Indian art? +How many pieces of art are in the Far Eastern collections? +Along with China, Japan and Korea, what country has a collection of art from the Far Eastern region? +What is the name of the gallery that showcases Chinese art? +When did the T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art open? +The majority of art on display date from which dynasties? +Who opened a gallery of Japanese art in December 1986? +When did the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art open? +In what century was the sculpture Amida Nyorai created? +When did the majority of exhibits date from? +What is Suzuki Chokichi's bronze incense burner? +Tibetan art lasted from the 14th to what century? +Along with Thailand, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia and Sri Lanka, what country has art in gold, silver, bronze, stone, terracotta and ivory? +Along with Hindu and Buddhist sculptures, what type of sculptures reflect the influence of India? +What is the name of the mother-of-pearl in Korean ceramics? +What type of ivory represents the rich cultures of Thailand? +Who wrote the Codex Forster? +What are the three parchment-bound manuscripts in the Codex? +How many books did the Reverend Alexander Dyce leave to the museum? +In what year did the Reverend Alexander Dyce leave his books to the museum? +In what year were the books bequeathed to the museum? +Who is one of the writers whose papers are in the library? +Along with Dickens and Beatrix Potter, who is an example of a writer whose papers are in the library? +When are the Illuminated manuscripts in the library dating from? +What is the Armagnac manuscript of? +Who illuminated the 1524 Charter? +What is another name for the National Art Library? +What computer system was used from the 1980s to the 1990s? +What does EAD stand for? +Most of the items in the Victoria and Albert Museum collection were newly accessioned into what? +What is the name of the feature on the Victoria and Albert Museum web-site? +When did the large scale digitization project begin? +What was the name of the project that reference Andy Warhol? +Who did the Factory Project reference? +How many images were taken during the first year of the Factory Project? +What is the second step of the Factory Project? +Who purchased the work of European artists? +Where did the European artists import their work? +Who is one of the artists whose work is on display in the galleries? +Who was a major influence on the Gothic Revival? +Along with porcelain, cloth and wallpaper, what is an example of an imported product from Asia? +What led to the production of tea paraphernalia? +What did the Georgian age place an increasing emphasis on? +Who led the backlash against industrialization? +Along with Josiah Wedgwood, Matthew Boulton and Eleanor Coade, who produced entrepreneurs? +What movement did John Ruskin contribute to? +What is the full-scale replica of? +How large is the replica of Trajan's Column? +What is the full-size replica of? +How many plaster casts are in the Cast Courts? +Where is the Verrocchio replica displayed? +When was the Meissen Vulture designed? +Who designed the Möllendorff Dinner Service? +When was the Möllendorff Dinner Service designed? +When was the Salting Bequest made? +What type of ceramics did the Salting Bequest add to the museum's collection? +Along with Josiah Wedgwood, William De Morgan and Bernard Leach, what famous potters are in the collection? +Which two countries have a large collection of Delftware? +What are the largest objects in the collection? +The stoves in the collection are from what centuries? +Where were the stoves made? +How many years of glass making does the collection cover? +How many years of glass making does the glass collection cover? +Where does the earliest glassware come from? +Who is an example of the Art Deco style? +Who created Art Nouveau glass? +When was the main gallery redesigned? +Who designed the glass balustrade on the staircase and mezzanine? +When did the sacred silver and stained-glass gallery open? +Who created the chandelier in the rotunda at the Museum's main entrance? +In what century was the Luck of Edenhall made? +How many drawings are in the collection? +How many old master works are in the collection? +What is the name of the person who created the drawings in the collection? +Who is one of the artists in the collection of drawings? +Who is one of the artists in the collection of drawings? +How many costumes are in the costume collection? +What department holds design notebooks? +Why has everyday clothing from previous eras not generally survived? +In what year did the V&A receive the Talbot Hughes collection? +Who gave the Talbot Hughes collection? +In what year did the Museum acquire the Costiff collection? +How many costumes did the Museum acquire in 2002? +How many costumes were in the Costiff collection? +Who acquired the Vivienne Westwood costumes? +The museum continues to acquire examples of what to add to its collection? +What is the Soulages collection? +When was the Soulages collection acquired? +What is the name of the collection of French 18th century art and furnishings? +In what year was the John Jones Collection left to the museum? +What was the value of the John Jones Collection of French 18th century art and furnishings? +In what year were the inlaid doors dated? +Who are the inlaid doors attributed to? +When was the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated? +Where was the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated? +Along with Charles and Ray Eames, what modernist is in the collection? +How many pieces of jewellery are in the jewellery collection? +The jewellery collection includes works dating from what era? +When was Chauncy Hare Townshend's collection of 154 gems bequeathed? +How many gems are in Reverend Chauncy Hare Townshend's collection? +Who funded the new jewellery gallery? +What are the two types of objects in the collection? +When was the earliest known silver gilt beaker dated? +How many pieces of British silver are in the main silver gallery? +Who designed the Hereford Screen? +How many objects are in the collection? +When was the Gloucester Candlestick dated? +What is the Gloucester Candlestick made from? +The Becket Casket contains relics of which saint? +When was the Becket Casket dated? +What material was the Becket Casket made from? +How many names were listed on the Parliamentary website? +Who was the curator of the Horniman Museum? +What museum was a possible candidate for loans of material? +How many instruments does the Horniman loan? +When did the Musical Instruments gallery close? +How many European oil paintings does the museum have? +How many European oil paintings are in the museum? +How many British and European oil paintings are in the museum? +Who designed the Raphael Cartoons? +Who painted the Spanish tempera? +In what year did John Sheepshanks donate 233 paintings? +How many paintings did John Sheepshanks donate in 1857? +What did John Sheepshanks want to form? +What was Constable's 1821 full size oil sketch for? +Who donated 233 paintings in 1857? +Where are most of the French paintings and miniatures displayed? +Who was the portrait of François Boucher in the collection? +What was the name of Carlo Crivelli's painting that was part of the Jones bequest? +Who painted the portrait of François Clouet? +Who photographs Animal Locomotion? +When did Eadweard Muybridge photograph Animal Locomotion? +How many plates are in the collection of Animal Locomotion? +What do animals and humans perform? +Who holds the museum? +What is the most comprehensive holding of post-classical European sculpture? +How many objects are in the collection? +How many objects are in the collection? +What is one of the uses of sculpture? +Who owns The Three Graces? +What are two of Bernini's most famous works? +What is the largest item from Italy? +Who designed the Chancel Chapel? +When was the Chancel Chapel built? +How many works of Rodin are in the museum collection? +Who created the statue of St John the Baptist? +In what year was the statue of St John the Baptist purchased? +What war did Britain support France in? +What statue was purchased in 1902 by public subscription? +Who is one of theculptors in the collection? +Who is one of theculptors in the collection? +Who is one of theculptors in the collection? +What nationality were mostculptors based in? +Who opened the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries in 2006? +When was the chronology of the works on display at the Dorothy and Michael Hintze galleries decided? +The galleries overlooking the garden are arranged by what? +Along with Henry Moore, who is one of the artists whose works are now on view in Tate Britain? +What museum loaned the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculptures? +How many examples of textiles are in the collection? +All populated continents are represented in the collection of textiles? +The collection of textiles dating from the 1st century AD to what century is the largest in the world? +Where is the largest collection of textiles in the world? +How are countries of origin and date of production classified? +What is the oldest known European tapestry? +When were the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries woven? +Where were the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries woven? +What do the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries depict? +Where was John Vanderbank's workshop located? +What century is the Sicilian Tristan Quilt from? +Who designed textiles in the collection? +When was 'The Forest' tapestry created? +Who designed the rugs and fabrics in the art deco period? +Who designed the rug from the same period? +What was the former name of the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries? +When did the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries open? +What is the UK's biggest national collection of? +Who wrote Shakespeare's day? +What are the collections available for? +What is responsible for the long-term preservation of the collections? +Along with temperature and light, what is an example of a control of the museum environment? +What is the other major category of conservation? +What is the name of the Museum of Childhood? +What is the term used for conservator's work? +Disney-ABC Television Group is a subsidiary of what company? +In what year was the American Broadcasting Company abbreviated as abc? +In what city is the network located? +Where is the network headquartered? +What division of The Walt Disney Company owns ABC? +On what date did ABC launch? +What was ABC originally known as? +In what year did NBC begin broadcasting? +What sports channel did Capital Cities Communications buy in the 1980s? +What was the name of the parent company of ESPN? +How many affiliated television stations are there in the United States? +Who purchased ABC Radio in 2007? +How many affiliated television stations are there in the United States? +Who imposed simultaneous substitution regulations on ABC programs? +Who purchased ABC Radio in 2007? +What company owned NBC Blue and NBC Red? +What are the names of the two radio networks owned by the RCA? +What did NBC Red serve? +What was the purpose of the NBC Blue Network? +What was the name of the radio network owned by the RCA? +Who filed a complaint with the FCC in 1934? +When did the FCC begin a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks? +When did the FCC publish its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs? +What was the principal radio network in the United States? +Along with NBC Red and NBC Blue, what NBC station did the report recommend RCA give up control of? +Who was given the mandate to sell NBC Blue? +What was the name of the NBC Blue Network? +Who bought Dillon, Read & Co. in 1997? +Who rejected Dillon, Read & Co.'s offer to purchase the network? +How much did Dillon, Read & Co. offer to purchase the network? +What is the name of the candy company owned by Edward John Noble? +On what date did the Commission authorize the transaction? +Who acquired the rights to the "American Broadcasting Company" name? +What position did Woods hold until December 1949? +On what date did Woods leave ABC? +What did ABC use to pre-record its programming? +Who conducted symphony performances in NBC Blue? +Which network was an aggressive competitor to NBC and CBS? +Who was a big name on ABC? +What was NBC Blue's tradition? +How much did Disney sell its 33% stake in Eurosport for? +What was the name of the free-to-air channel in the UK owned by the ABC Group? +On what date did Disney announce it would discontinue ABC1? +What was the name of the company that tried to develop ABC International? +In what country is ABC broadcast? +In what year was this rerun activity completed? +The arrival of what ended the need for ABC to hold interests in other countries? +Where did ABC sell most of its international networks in the 1970s? +What did many governments want to limit? +What was the first international activity of ABC? +Where did Goldenson invest in broadcasting properties in the mid-1960s? +In what year did Goldenson acquire a 5% stake in Mainichi Broadcasting System? +Why were CBS and NBC unable to broadcast the coronation of Elizabeth II? +Why were CBS and NBC unable to broadcast the coronation of Elizabeth II? +Who owns the television rights to most of the Peanuts television specials? +Who holds the broadcast rights to the Academy Awards? +In what year did CBS first broadcast the Peanuts specials? +What is the name of the award that ABC owns? +What is the name of one of the Peanuts Christmas specials? +When was Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve broadcast? +Who was Dick Clark's successor? +When was the Miss America pageant broadcast? +Where was the traditional New Year's countdown from? +Who assumed the television rights to the Miss America pageant in 2006? +What is the name of the soap opera on ABC? +In what year was Good Morning America broadcast? +What was the name of the ABC soap that aired the last nine years? +What are the two daytime talk shows on ABC? +In what year did General Hospital first appear on ABC? +What event is not broadcast by ESPN? +In what year did ESPN take over for ABC's sports division? +On what day of the week is sports programming provided? +On what day of the week does ABC broadcast NBA games? +Along with the Wimbledon tennis tournaments, what event is featured on ABC in the summer? +Who was ABC's vice-president of engineering? +What were the channels 2 through 6? +In what year did ABC submit five applications for television station licenses? +What channel did the applications all request for stations to broadcast on? +How many television stations were there before the freeze? +How many competing networks did ABC have in 1949? +What was the name of ABC's third rival? +Which two networks had less coverage than ABC in the fall of 1949? +Who forced United Paramount Theatres to become an independent entity? +What company did United Paramount Theatres separate from? +How many full-time affiliates did ABC have? +What network was rumored to be sold to in 1951? +What company loaned Noble $5 million? +Who was the president of UPT in 1951? +Who was the founder of CBS? +On what date was the tentative agreement approved? +In what year was the Sixth Report and Order released? +On what date did the FCC approve the purchase of ABC? +What was the name of the merged company? +Where is the Paramount Building located? +When did WJZ-TV sign on the air? +In what year did the FCC implement a freeze on new station applications? +On what mountain did ABC build a transmitter? +What was the name of the studio that ABC would convert 20 acres of land into? +On what date did ABC premiere The Flintstones? +What decade was marked by the rise of family-oriented series? +Who starred in The Flintstones? +What decade was marked by the rise of family-oriented series? +In what year did Walt Disney Productions purchase ABC's shares in Disneyland? +Who approached Walt Disney to produce color broadcasts of his anthology series? +In what year was Walt Disney Presents due to expire? +In what year did ABC resume its relationship with Disney? +What was the name of ABC's logo in 2000? +Who did the network hire to design and produce its 2001-02 identity? +What color was the Troika Design Group's logo? +What is another name for the circle logo? +Who designed the minimalist graphical identity for ABC? +In what year did ABC stop using four-note jingles? +What was the name of the new four-note theme tune? +What ABC show uses the old four-note theme tune? +When did the ABC logo first appear on-screen? +When did the ABC logo first appear on-screen? +In what year did the logo appear on a blue background? +What was the slogan of the logo on a blue background? +In what year did the "ABC Circle" logo first appear? +What color was the bubble on the ABC Circle ID sequence? +What did the bubble on the black background represent? +Who redesigned the ABC logo? +What typeface is the Bauhaus typeface similar to? +Who designed the Bauhaus typeface? +When did ABC's new logo debut on-air? +What was the name of the company that was rumored to be considering a sale of ABC? +On what date did ABC announce its restructuring? +How many divisions did ABC have in 2005? +In what year did ABC's average viewership decline by ten ratings points? +Along with Desperate Housewives, Lost, and Grey's Anatomy, what show had unexpected success during the 2004-05 season? +Who became president of ABC Sports in 2004? +What sport did ABC and ESPN sign an eight-year broadcast rights agreement with? +In what year was an affiliate agreement approved? +Who outlined a proposed realignment of the ABC broadcast network? +What was the name of the first show on ABC? +What was the name of the spinoff of The Bachelor? +Which cable provider removed ABC stations from their systems? +What was the name of the carriage dispute between ABC and Time Warner? +What was the name of the carriage dispute between ABC and Time Warner? +On what day did the FCC order Time Warner to restore the stations? +In what year did Who Wants to Be a Millionaire leave ABC? +Where did "TGIF" move to in 2000? +Along with Step by Step, what was the name of CBS's family-oriented comedy block in 1997-98? +When did ABC premiere Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? +Who hosted Millionaire throughout its tenure? +Who relaunched Millionaire as a syndicated program in 2002? +Who was the original host of Millionaire? +On what date did the Walt Disney Company announce an agreement to merge with Capital Cities/ABC? +What was the new name of ABC's new subsidiary? +Who bought the four newspapers that ABC controlled under Capital Cities? +Who replaced Thomas S. Murphy as president and CEO? +What was the name of the ABC sitcom that premiered in 1998? +When did color become the dominant format? +In what place did ABC finish? +What book did Goldenson write in 1991? +On what date did ABC's New York City flagship stations change their names? +Where did ABC's New York City flagship stations move to in 1953? +In what city was WJZ originally established? +Who was the president of ABC in 1950? +What network did Goldenson propose a merger with? +What was the new name given to ABC after the merger? +How much money did DuMont receive from the merger? +What was UPT a subsidiary of? +What was one of ABC's flagship productions at the time? +What was the name of the ABC show that was based on the radio program of the same title? +What was the name of the film that was adapted from Wyoming Kid? +What was the remake of The Boy from Oklahoma called? +Who did ABC sign an agreement with? +What is another name for Warner Bros. Presents? +Who was Walt Disney's brother? +How much did Walt want ABC to invest? +In what year did ABC agree to finance Disneyland? +What was the name of the project that Walt Disney and his brother Roy wanted to finance? +Who spearheaded the special programming project for FM stations? +Who was the president of ABC Radio in 1968? +What was the name of ABC's new radio program? +How many owned-and-operated FM stations were on ABC in 1968? +When did ABC launch the Movie of the Week? +What was Spielberg's 1971 film called? +In what year was 'Duel' released? +What was the average budget of the movie of the Week? +In what decade did ABC transition to color? +Which network transitioned to color in the 1970s? +Along with behavioral and demographic data, what data did the company begin to use to better determine what types of sponsors? +On what day of the week did ABC introduce Monday Night Football? +In what year did Sunday Night Football move to NBC? +Who took over as the league's marquee game in 2006? +What was the audience share of Monday Night Football? +In what year did the FCC pass the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules? +In what year did ABC split into two separate companies? +What was the name of the company that would produce and distribute programming for U.S. syndication? +What did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act ban? +When did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act take effect? +Who bought ABC Great States in 1974? +Who was named President and Chief Operating Officer of ABC in 1972? +In what year did Eisner join ABC? +What was the name of Eisner's show that originated as a segment on the anthology series Love, American Style? +What was Eisner's main credit at ABC? +What company did Eisner become president of after leaving ABC? +Who was the first president and director of programming of ABC Television? +Who was the first president and director of programming of ABC Entertainment? +What was the name of the detective series ABC premiered in 1974? +On what date did Good Morning America debut? +What division of NBC did Silverman lead? +What was the name of the spin-off series of Happy Days? +What is another name for "jiggle TV"? +Who wrote Roots? +Who produced The Love Boat? +How long did 'The Love Boat' last? +In what season did Roots, Happy Days and The Love Boat take first place in ratings? +What was the name of the soap opera parody that aired on NBC in 1977? +Who was named president of ABC News in 1977? +What sports network did Arledge serve as president of in 1977? +What was the nickname given to the new 10-story building built in its place? +In what year were the buildings completed? +When did Arledge create 20/20? +Who was the anchor of 20/20 in 1978? +Along with Downs, who was a former Today colleague? +Who did ABC sell its recording division to in 1979? +What was the name of ABC's 24 hour news channel? +What was the name of the 24-hour news channel distributed for viewing on the internet and mobile phones? +What was the name of the Flint, Michigan affiliate that ABC purchased in 1994? +What was the name of the Flint, Michigan television station purchased by ABC in 1994? +What union halted production of programs for much of the 2007-08 season? +What game show premiered in December 2007? +Who did Disney deny rumors of? +What was the name of the division that Disney-ABC Television Group merged with? +Who would be responsible for both production and broadcasting operations? +What was the new name of ABC Radio? +Where can individual episodes of ABC and Disney Channel programs be purchased? +In what year did the ratings begin to run into trouble? +In what year did the sixth and final season of Lost debut? +On what day was Ugly Betty moved to? +On what day was Ugly Betty moved to Fridays? +In what year did the FCC impose fin-syn rules? +What was the name of the syndication distributor that ABC created in 1970? +What was the name of the production company that ABC created in 1970? +What company bought the Ruby-Spears and Hanna-Barbera libraries? +Who handles domestic television distribution? +What was Disney-ABC Domestic Television formerly known as? +What was the former name of Disney-ABC International Television? +What library is part of the Selznick library? +What are the first two stations to carry ABC's programming? +How many owned-and-operated stations does ABC have? +How many additional television stations does ABC have as of March 2015? +What percentage of all households in the US have at least one television set? +In what year was ABC's first logo introduced? +What is the seal of the Federal Communications Commission? +In what year did ABC begin color broadcasts? +When was Extreme Makeover: Home Edition cancelled? +What was the only remaining program on the network's schedule that aired in 4:3 standard definition? +All of ABC's programming has been presented in what format since January 2012? +What was the first children's program block on any US broadcast network to feature programs available in HD? +What is the native resolution of ABC's master feed? +In what HD format do most of Hearst Television's stations transmit their programming? +How many affiliates of Hearst Television transmit ABC's programming in 1080i HD? +What is the native resolution of ABC's master feed? +What was the name of the midseason forensic investigation drama on ABC? +What was the name of the first late-season show to receive a second season? +Which network did ABC outrate by a larger margin? +What was the name of the show that was cancelled after a low-rated midseason run? +What two soap operas did ABC cancel in 2011? +Who bought the rights to All My Children and One Life to Live? +Where did Prospect Park broadcast All My Children and One Life to Live? +What was the name of the talk/lifestyle show that replaced One Life to Live? +What demographic did ABC drop to in the 2011-12 season? +In what year did NBC finish in first place in the 18-49 demographic? +What CBS station was in second place in total viewership? +What show did ABC renew in 2013-14? +What show was cancelled in 2013-14? +Along with the Middle and Modern Family, what family sitcom was a notable success on NBC? +What is the name of the show that is based on the Dragon's Den? +On what day of the week did Shark Tank air? +Who starred in the sitcom Last Man Standing? +Who took over as president of ABC in February 1994? +Who took over as president of ABC in February 1994? +What was the name of the police procedural created by Steven Bochco? +Who created NYPD Blue? +How long did NYPD Blue last? +When did the FCC repeal the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules? +What French animation studio did Capital Cities/ABC purchase? +What cable company did Capital Cities/ABC sign an agreement with? +What was ABC's total viewership share in the U.S.? +What radio station did ABC buy in 1960? +On what date did WLS launch a new lineup? +Who sought the help of ABC to launch a television station in Toronto? +Who agreed to acquire a 25% interest in CFTO-TV? +What was the name of the anthology series that aired on ABC on April 29, 1961? +Who created Wide World of Sports? +Who produced Wide World of Sports? +Who created Wide World of Sports? +What was American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres renamed to in 1965? +What was the name of the television show that premiered in December of that year? +What game featured three recently married couples who guessed the responses to their partner's questions? +Where is ABC's new headquarters located? +What percentage of all prime-time television viewership in the U.S. was ABC? +What was the name of the series that debuted on ABC during this time? +What was the name of the Happy Days spinoff? +What does ARTS stand for? +Who bought KXYZ in 1983? +What company owned the shares in ESPN? +What was the name of the cable channel that ABC and RCA merged into? +What is another name for Arts & Entertainment Television? +Who became president of ABC in 1990? +What position did Daniel B. Burke hold before becoming president? +What wasCapital Cities/ABC's revenues? +What is the longest-running prime time entertainment program in the network's history? +What was the name of the sitcom that aired on the network in 1991? +What soap opera is featured on Eastern/Pacific stations? +Along with The View and The Chew, what is an example of a local talk show? +When does Good Morning America air? +Who hosts a weeknight talk show? +What are the only U.S. states with a locally licensed affiliate? +What is the name of the low-power station in Birmingham, Alabama? +What low-power station is in South Bend, Indiana? +What low-power station is in Lima, Ohio? +Who produced television series in 1962? +What was Touchstone reorganized as in February 2007? +Where is the ABC Television Center located? +Where is the ABC Television Center located? +Where is Times Square Studios located? +Along with Good Morning America, what television station is broadcast from Times Square Studios? +Who was the ABC News building renamed after? +What is another name for Peter Jennings Way? +What is the name of ABC's VOD service? +What streaming service is owned by the Walt Disney Company? +On what date did Disney acquire a 27% ownership stake in Hulu? +How much of a stake did Disney acquire in Hulu? +The most recent episodes of ABC's shows are usually made available on what day? +How many days after the initial broadcast did the restrictions on ABC begin? +What does ABC on Demand disallow? +On what date did Disney-ABC Television Group restrict streaming of the most recent episode of any ABC program? +Who designed the new ABC logo? +How many variants of the ABC logo are used in advertising? +What typeface was inspired by the logotype? +Which network uses a red version of the ABC logo? +How many primary affiliates did ABC have? +How many primary affiliates did ABC have? +What act mandated the inclusion of UHF tuning? +What did the All-Channel Receiver Act mandate? +Where was WKST-TV located? +How many times lower viewership does ABC have than its competitors? +What station in Wheeling, West Virginia began airing ABC programming on a digital subchannel? +When did some small markets have to wait for a full-time ABC affiliate? +What was the Disneyland anthology series retitled? +Who pitched The Untouchables to CBS? +Why did CBS reject The Untouchables? +In what year did The Untouchables debut? +What was the name of the ABC movie that debuted a year behind its competitors? +What was ABC's total revenue in 1953? +What was the name of the Hanna-Barbera animated series? +What was the name of the first television series to be broadcast in color on ABC? +On what date was General Hospital aired? +Who did Goldenson announce a merger proposal with? +Who was the head antitrust regulator for the United States Department of Justice? +What department did Turner work for? +On what date did the trial end? +What company did Thomas S. Murphy work for? +How much did Capital Cities pay for ABC? +Who loaned the remaining $500 million? +Who bought WFTS-TV? +How many television stations did the deal allow broadcasters to own? +On what date did ABC and Capital Cities receive federal approval? +What was the name of the merged company? +Who was named president of ABC's broadcasting division? +Who became vice president of ABC Broadcasting? +Who became president of ABC News and ABC Sports? +Which ABC show ended in 1983? +Which ABC show ended in 1983? +What network regained the ratings lead among the Big Three in 1984? +Which ABC show ended in 1986? +Along with family-oriented shows, what type of shows did ABC focus on? +What was the name of the block that debuted in 1989? +What did "TGIF" stand for? +Who produced Happy Days? +Who produced Happy Days? +How many radio stations did ABC purchase in 1968? +What was the name of the first film produced by ABC Pictures? +Who directed ABC Pictures' first picture? +In what year was ABC Motion Pictures dissolved? +Where was ABC Marine World located in 1968? +Along with westerns and detective series, what type of programming did ABC have? +What was the increase in advertising revenues between 1953 and 1958? +What was the national reach of NBC? +Who was the president of ABC Entertainment in 1957? +Who was the host of American Bandstand? +What type of programming did ABC offer? +What is another name for the actioner? +Who criticized the public enthusiasm and sponsorship for these types of shows at the expense of news programming? +What type of shows did ABC defeat in 1957? +What is the name of ABC's streaming service? +Which two stations were the first to offer streams of their programming on ABC? +What network did Hearst sign a deal with to offer streams of its ABC affiliates? +What is the sister network to ESPN? +Who owns or provides services to 28 ABC affiliates? +Where is WABM-DT2 located? +What is the largest operator of ABC stations? +How many subchannel-only affiliates does Sinclair own? +How many ABC stations does the E. W. Scripps Company own? +What was the name of ABC's new imaging campaign? +Who developed the on-air design? +What division of ABC was red ribbons used for? +What news organization used blue ribbons for entertainment? +Along with WFTS-TV and WWSB, what is another television station in Tampa, Florida? +Along with KQTV, what television station is in Kansas City, Missouri? +What are the two affiliates in Grand Rapids, Michigan? +What was Tampa's primary ABC affiliate prior to 1994? +What empire did Genghis Khan founding? +How did he come to power? +Where did the massacres of civilian populations occur? +What did the Mongol Empire occupy by the end of his life? +Along with the Qara Khitai, Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire and Western Xia, what dynasties did raids or invasions occur in? +Who did Genghis Khan assign as his successor? +In what year did he die? +Who defeated Western Xia in 1227? +Who did Genghis Khan split his empire into? +Where was he buried? +Where was Temüjin born? +Who was Yesügei's father? +In what year was Temüjin born? +What did Temüjin's father capture? +What was Temülen's sister's name? +How many brothers did Temüjin have? +What tribe did Börte belong to? +What tribe did Börte belong to? +Who was the head of the new household? +Who was Temujin's older half-brother? +Who lived in poverty for the next several years? +Who killed Begter? +When did Temujin's resentment erupt? +What was the name of the former allies of his father? +What is a cangue? +Who became a general of Genghis Khan? +Who joined forces with Jelme and Bo'orchu? +Where did Chilaun hide? +What was often used to solidify temporary alliances? +Who taught Temüjin about the unstable political climate of Mongolia? +Where did the Chinese dynasties come from? +What did Hoelun teach Temüjin about? +What tribe did Börte belong to? +Who kidnapped Börte? +What tribe did Toghrul Khan belong to? +Who gave birth to a son? +How old was Jochi when he was born? +How many sons did Börte have? +What was the name of Börte's third son? +When did Chagatai die? +Who was the father of Chagatai? +How many daughters did Genghis Khan have? +What is another term for a sworn brother? +Who was the Khan of the Keraites? +Who was Toghrul's father? +How many warriors did Toghrul offer support to? +Who was Toghrul's childhood friend? +What type of aristocracy did Jamukha support? +Who made the proclamation that the Eternal Blue Sky had set aside the world for Temüjin? +When was Temüjin elected khan of the Mongols? +In what battle didTemüjin lose to Dalan Balzhut? +Toghrul was exiled to where? +What code promised civilians and soldiers wealth from future possible war spoils? +What did Temüjin promise civilians and soldiers? +Where did his mother adopt orphans from? +What did he do to the conquered tribe? +Who was the eldest son of Temüjin? +Who did Toghrul ally with? +Who did Toghrul ally with? +What tribe dissolved after the defeat of the Keraite tribe? +Who was the next direct threat to Temüjin? +When did Jamukha become Gür Khan? +What was the title used by the Qara Khitai? +Who abandoned Jamukha? +When was Jamukha turned over to Temüjin? +What did Temüjin offer to Jamukha? +Why didTemüjin kill the men who betrayed Jamukha? +What did Jamukha ask for? +How is the custom of dying without spilling blood granted? +What country was siege warfare from? +Who wanted to be a ruler of Mongol tribes? +Who allegedly tried to drive a wedge between Jamukha and Jochi? +What was the name of the system that was used to gather intelligence from rivals? +Who was Jamukha's father's ally? +In what year did Temüjin unite the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, and Uyghurs? +What was the name of the council of Mongol chiefs? +What title was conferred on Genghis until after his death? +Who was the successor to Genghis? +Who was acknowledged as "Khan" of the consolidated tribes? +What dynasty did Genghis Khan plan to conquer in 1211? +Who sent a messenger to the Mongol side? +In what year did the Genghis occupy Zhongdu? +Where did Emperor Xuanzong move his capital south? +Who was Genghis' third son? +Who was the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation? +What dynasty was Qara Khitai originally part of? +How many tumen did Genghis send against Kuchlug? +Who was known as "The Arrow"? +What was Jebe's nickname? +What did the Mongols do to provoke an internal revolt? +Where was Kuchlug's army defeated? +What lake did the Mongol Empire extend as far west as? +What was the Khwarezmia? +What sea did the Khwarezmia reach? +Who governed the Khwarazmian dynasty? +Who attacked the caravan that came from Mongolia? +Who was beheaded by the Shah? +How many tumens did Genghis Khan organize? +What route did Genghis Khan use to trade with Khwarezmia? +What mountains did Genghis Khan cross? +How many groups was Genghis Khan's army divided into? +Where did Jebe march to? +Who led the third division? +Where did the first division attack? +What was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats? +What town did the Mongol army seize? +How did Genghis Khan execute Inalchuq? +What did the Shah do after the battle? +How many men did Genghis Khan order to hunt down Subutai? +Where was the capital moved after Samarkand fell? +Where was the capital moved after Samarkand fell? +What river did Genghis Khan divert through the Khwarezmid? +What did the Mongols use as body shields? +What did Genghis do after the fortress fell? +What was raised as a symbol of victory? +Who opened the gates to the Mongols? +Who held the citadel for another twelve days? +Along with artisans and craftsmen, who was sent back to Mongolia? +What did Genghis Khan declare he was? +Who was drafted into the Mongolian army? +In what year did the Khwarezmian Empire defeat Genghis Khan? +Who suggested splitting the Mongol army into two forces? +Where was the Genoese trade-fortress overwintered? +Where did Subutai's forces defeat the larger Kievan force? +Who led the Kievan Rus troops? +Who was Genghis Khan's grandson? +What group did Batu and Batu lead? +Who led the famous cavalry expedition? +When did both divisions return to Mongolia? +Where did Jebe die? +In what year did Genghis Khan begin a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts? +In what season did he take Xiliang-fu? +Who was defeated by the Tangut generals? +What river did Genghis cross to defeat the Tangut relief army? +What did Genghis Khan see in the sky? +What was the Tangut capital of? +Who led charges against the invaders outside the city gate? +How did Ma Jianlong die? +Where did Genghis Khan go after conquering Deshun? +What happened to the Tangut lineage? +What was the name of Genghis' oldest son? +Who voiced the issue of Jochi's paternity? +When did the Mongols invade the Khwarezmid Empire? +Who was appointed successor to Ögedei? +Which two sons of Genghis Khan were worried of conflict? +Which of Genghis Khan's sons was worried of conflict if he died? +Who was Genghis Khan's youngest son? +Who did Genghis Khan give the throne to? +When didochi die? +Where did Jochi stay? +What city did Jochi and his brothers siege? +Who made an alliance with my father when he is hunting? +In what year was Sultan Muhammad dead? +What was the capital of Western Xia? +What is another term for wounds sustained in battle? +What was the cause of Polo's death? +What was the capital of Western Xia? +Who is believed to have invented the legend? +What did Genghis Khan ask to be buried without? +Where is his birthplace located? +What river is near Khentii Aimag? +What is the name of the Mausoleum constructed many years after his death? +Where is the mausoleum located? +What Buddhist monastery was in Yan'an? +Where is Ta'er Shi located? +When were Genghis Khan's bier and relics returned to the Lord's Enclosure? +Who destroyed almost everything of value during the Cultural Revolution? +When did a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncover Genghis Khan's palace? +What was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find? +Who was the Sumerian King Gilgamesh? +Who stampeded over his grave? +Who created the Yassa? +What was the civilian and military code of the Mongol Empire called? +What was the Mongol Empire's approach grounded in? +Who played the role of Genghis Khan? +Who was the leader of the Khans? +What type of exemptions were available for religious figures? +Who was Genghis Khan's mentor? +What did Mongol tradition believe religion was? +Along with Shamanist, Buddhist, and Christian, what were some Mongol tribes? +Who was briefly in charge of the Mongol Empire? +What is another name for the Pax Mongolica? +What is an example of a sedentary people? +What did the Great Yassa establish? +Who was the Khitan prince that Genghis Khan invited? +What was the ethnicity of the Mongol people? +Who defeated the Jin dynasty? +Who did Genghis tell Chu'Tsai that he had avenged? +Who did Genghis Khan put absolute trust in? +Where was Karakorum? +Who was a close advisor to Genghis Khan? +Who was allowed to pursue the Great Raid into the Caucasus and Kievan Rus? +What did Genghis Khan expect from his generals? +What did the Mongol military divert to cut off resources for cities? +What two groups were used in siege warfare? +What was a common tactic of the Mongol military? +Where did the Mongol military drive enemy prisoners? +Where did the Mongol Empire stretch from? +Where did the Mongol Empire stretch from? +Who succeeded Genghis? +When did the Song dynasty end? +What did Genghis Khan bring together under one political environment? +What country has a great military leader? +How did Genghis Khan view religion? +What did the increase in communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia do? +In what decade did Genghis Khan die? +For what reason are Mongolians looked upon positively? +What is another term for Genghis Khan's children? +What is there a chasm in the perception of? +Mongolians feel that historical records written by non-Mongolinians are unfairly biased? +What is the Mongolian word for tögrög? +What is the name of the famous Mongolian leader? +What is the name of the main airport in Ulaanbaatar? +Why have there been repeated discussions about regulating the use of his name and image? +Where is the main international airport located? +What was the name of the first written Mongolian law? +What did the Ikh Zasag law punish? +Who was the President of Mongolia in the early 20th century? +What was the first written Mongolian law? +In what region of China is Genghis Khan located? +How many Mongols live in Inner Mongolia? +Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan? +What dynasty is credited with re-uniting China? +Who established the Yuan dynasty? +In what country is Genghis Khan almost universally condemned? +How much of the Iranian Plateau's population was killed by Mongol violence? +How many people lived in the Iranian Plateau? +Who destroyed much of Iran's northern part? +Who halted Hulagu Khan's forces? +Who was Hulagu Khan's descendant? +When did Batu Khan launch an invasion into Kievan Rus? +Along with Novgorod and Pskov, what city was destroyed by the Mongols? +Who were proud descendants of Genghis Khan? +Who was Attar of Nishapur? +Where was Attar from? +What is the Mongolian and Turkic word for "ocean"? +Which lake was called tenggis by the Mongols? +What does Zhèng mean? +What is the Mongolian adjectival modifier -s? +What did the Mongolian pronunciation closely match? +What is the Mongolian name for Genghis Khan? +What is the Turkic name for Cengiz Han? +What is the pinyin for Temüjin? +Along with Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz, what is another name for Genghis Khan? +What is the Chinese name for Chinggis Khaan? +What is the root word for pharmacy? +What type of medicines did the retail shop sell? +What does pharmakos imply? +Why would the term apothecary be seen as outdated or only approproriate? +What other herbs did the pharmas use? +What are pharmacists? +How do pharmacists ensure optimal health outcomes? +What do pharmacists play an important role in? +What are small-business proprietors? +What are pharmacists? +Who manages a pharmacy technician? +What does GPhC stand for? +Who regulates the practice of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians? +What is a Pharmacy Technician in the UK? +What is the role of a PhT in the UK? +In what language did Pedanius Dioscorides write his book? +What is the Latin translation of De Materia Medica? +What was the name given to the term materia medica? +Who studied medicinal properties of plants in Ancient Greece? +Who built the De Materia Medica? +What was the profession of modern pharmacists? +Where was the place of pharmacists re-stated? +What was established in the pre-Heian Imperial court? +Along with physicians and acupuncturists, what health-related professionals were considered to be superior to pharmacists? +Who ranked above the two personal physicians of the Emperor? +Along with botany and chemistry, what field of study led medicine in medieval Islam? +Who acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds? +Who pioneered the preparation of medicines by sublimation? +Who is pioneering in the field of medicine? +What are sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate? +When did the Franciscan monastery open in Dubrovnik? +Where is the Church of Santa Maria Novella located? +What is housed in the church of Santa Maria Novella? +What kind of drugs were kept at the Esteve Pharmacy? +In what year was the oldest church in Italy set up? +In most countries, what kind of legislation is dispensary subject to? +Where was it once the case that pharmacists stayed? +Pharmacy technicians are now more dependent on what? +Pharmacy technicians are now more dependent upon automation to deal with what? +What is specified in legislation in most countries? +How do pharmacists gain more education and training after pharmacy school? +What disciplines do pharmacists often specialize in? +What is the effectiveness of treatment regimens? +Where do pharmacists practice? +Where can hospital pharmacies be found? +What is a unit-dose? +What do hospitals have decided to outsource to companies who specialize in compounding? +The high cost of medications and drug-related technology and what else make it imperative to perform at the highest level possible? +What type of medications do hospital pharmacies usually stock? +Pharmacists promote health, wellness, and what else? +Where did the clinical pharmacy movement begin? +Clinical pharmacists often collaborate with whom? +What kind of rounds do patients participate in? +Where do clinical pharmacists care for patients? +What is the clinical pharmacist's role? +What does the review process often involve? +Along with dose, route, frequency, and duration of therapy, what is an example of a review process? +Along with potential drug interactions, what else must a pharmacist monitor? +What kind of authority are ambulatory care pharmacists given? +Along with North Carolina and New Mexico, what state has pharmacist clinicians? +What year did the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties approve ambulatory care pharmacy practice as a separate board certification? +What is the official designation for pharmacists who pass the ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam? +Along with the VA, the Indian Health Service, and NIH, what is a federal health care system? +Consultant pharmacy practice focuses more on what? +Where do pharmacists typically work? +Along with Omnicare, Kindred Healthcare and PharMerica, what are some of the major pharmacy management companies in the United States? +Why do many elderly people continue to live outside of institutional settings? +What kind of services do community pharmacies provide? +In what year did a growing number of Internet pharmacies begin? +What are the two main types of community pharmacies? +What are internet pharmacies also known as? +What might another customer overhear about the drugs a customer takes? +What is the primary difference in the method by which medications are requested? +Why did customers order drugs from pharmacies? +Who has criticized this practice? +What have there been reports of? +What do some Internet pharmacies sell without requiring a prescription? +What do most internet pharmacies require? +What is a concern with Internet pharmacies? +What must a prescription for a controlled substance be issued for in order for it to be valid? +What is a concern with Internet pharmacies? +What must a prescription for a controlled substance be issued for in order for it to be valid? +What is the responsibility of the filling pharmacy? +What defines a valid patient-doctor relationship? +What is Vicodin also known as? +Why has there been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries? +What country has a push to legalize importation of medications from? +Who is targeted for enforcement of drug importation? +Is there a known case of U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use? +Why has there been a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada and other countries? +What is the combination of pharmacy informatics and applied information science? +Where do pharmacy informaticists work? +What is one of the goals of pharmacy informatics? +What are pharmacists trained to participate in? +How is pharmacy informatics growing? +What type of pharmacy has novel medications that need to be properly stored? +How many new FDA approved medications were there in 2013? +Along with cancer, hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis, what is a chronic disease state? +What do specialty pharmacies carry? +Along with lab monitoring, adherence counseling and adherence counseling, what help patients with cost-containment strategies? +How are pharmacists regulated in most jurisdictions? +Who can supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public? +What organization provides that physicians may dispense drugs within their office practices as long as there is no patient exploitation? +What percentage of American physicians dispense drugs on their own? +What are pharmacists not allowed to do? +In what country does this law exist? +Where are physicians allowed to both prescribe and dispense prescription-only medicines? +What is the minimum distance between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy? +How far away is the nearest pharmacy? +What is the reason for the majority rule? +Why would a physician sell more medications to a patient? +The checks and balances system of the U.S. is similar to what system? +What is the purpose of exaggerating a patient's seriousness? +What is the benefit of avoiding unnecessary use of medication? +What are pharmacists expected to become in the coming decades? +What are pharmacists increasingly expected to be compensated for? +What doesMTM include? +What type of analysis is offered by these services? +What does the reconciliation of medication and patient education result in? +Which provinces have limited prescribing rights? +Who does pharmacists in Australia receive remuneration from? +What is the government paid for? +What has had an evolving influence on the practice of pharmacy? +What degree is now required before entering practice? +Which two symbols are most commonly associated with pharmacy in English-speaking countries? +What was also used until the early 20th century? +Where is the Bowl of Hygieia often used? +What is the red stylized letter A in Germany and Austria? +In which countries is the green Greek cross found? +What does the immune system protect against? +What are pathogens? +What is another name for adaptive immune system? +What system protects the brain? +What is the immune system? +What are some of the agents that an immune system must detect? +What is another name for adaptive immune system? +What does the immune system protect against? +What are the agents of the immune system called? +What system protects the brain? +What is another name for the blood-brain barrier? +What are the agents of the immune system called? +What is another name for adaptive immune system? +What type of immunity is humoral immunity? +What system protects the brain? +How can pathogens rapidly evolve and adapt? +What do enzymes protect against? +What basic immune mechanism evolved in ancient eukaryotes? +What creates immunological memory? +What do enzymes protect against? +What are antimicrobial peptides called? +What is the basis of acquired immunity? +What creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen? +Disorders of the immune system can result in what? +When does immunodeficiency occur? +What can immunodeficiency result in? +What can immunodeficiency be the result of in humans? +What type of arthritis is rheumatoid arthritis? +What occurs when the immune system is less active than normal? +What results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues? +What is the study of all aspects of the immune system? +What is an example of an acquired disease in humans? +When was the first known reference to immunity? +What venom did Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis study? +Who exploited acquired immunity? +Who discovered the yellow fever virus? +Who was the founder of Koch Industries? +What was confirmed as the cause of infectious disease? +What virus was discovered by Walter Reed? +When was the first known reference to immunity? +What kind of memory is retained after a pathogen has been eliminated? +What system provides an immediate but non-specific response to a pathogen? +What immune system is activated by the innate response? +What immune system is found in all plants and animals? +What is the second layer of protection in vertebrates? +What kind of memory is retained after a pathogen has been eliminated? +What do physical barriers prevent from entering the organism? +What do innate and adaptive immunity depend on? +What do innate and adaptive immunity depend on? +What do innate and adaptive immunity depend on? +What are non-self molecules called? +What do antigens bind to? +What receptors recognize components of microorganisms? +The cells and mechanisms of the innate immune system are called what? +What do pattern recognition receptors recognize? +Innate immune defenses are what? +The waxy cuticle of many leaves is an example of what? +What is an example of mechanical barriers that are the first line of defense against infection? +What mechanically eject pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract? +What is secreted by the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract? +What is the flushing action of? +What peptides secrete antimicrobial peptides? +Along with lysozyme and phospholipase A2, whatymes are used in saliva, tears, and breast milk? +What does semen contain to kill pathogens? +What are two chemical defenses against ingested pathogens? +What is another name for menarche? +What are the biological barriers in genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts? +What do oral antibiotics do not affect? +What bacteria is normally found in unpasteurized yogurt? +What conditions in their environment can change their environment? +What is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection? +What are the symptoms of inflammation caused by? +What are released by injured or infected cells? +What do prostaglandins produce? +What is responsible for communication between white blood cells? +What are phagocytes called? +Phagocytes can be called to specific locations by what? +What is the intracellular vesicle that a phagocyte becomes trapped in? +What does the lysosome form? +How did phagocytosis evolve? +What are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens? +What are phagocytes? +Neutrophils represent what percentage of the total circulating leukocytes? +What is it called when neutrophils migrate toward the site of inflammation? +What regulatory factor are macrophages able to produce? +What is the second arm of the innate immune system? +What are leukocytes? +Innate cells are important mediators in the activation of what? +What is another name for phagocytes? +What are phagocytes? +What are dendrites named for? +Dendritic cells present antigens to what cells? +Dendritic cells present antigens to what cells? +What is the term used to describe the condition that NK cells recognize cells? +What type of cells are NK cells? +What does MHC I stand for? +What are killer cell immunoglobulin receptors? +When did the adaptive immune system evolve? +What is the process of recognizing non-self antigens called? +Antigen specificity allows for the generation of responses that are tailored to what? +What are the two major subtypes of T cells? +What cells have a role in modulating immune response? +What type of molecules do Killer T cells only recognize? +What type of molecules do helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize? +What type of cells recognize intact antigens that are not bound to MHC receptors? +What is a sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses? +What is the co-receptor on the T cell called? +What does TCR stand for? +What toxin induces the target cell to undergo apoptosis? +What cytotoxins are released by an activated T cell? +What does the helper cell's CD4 co-receptor do? +How many receptors are there on the helper T cell? +How can killer T cells be activated? +What does the activation of a resting helper T cell release? +What does CD40 ligand stand for? +Along with helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells, what cells share the characteristics of T cells? +What does TCR stand for? +What are γδ T cells? +What do γδ T cells produce? +What cells respond within hours to common molecules produced by microbes? +Which cell identifies pathogens when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen? +What process is used to process the antigen/antibody complex? +What releases lymphokines? +What do some of the offspring become? +What is the term used to describe an adaptation to an infection with a pathogen? +Immunological memory can be in the form of what? +What memory cells remember each specific pathogen? +Newborn infants have no prior exposure to what? +What is the name of the antibody that is transported from mother to baby directly across the placenta? +What is another name for colostrum? +What is passive immunity? +Hormones can act as what? +Female sex hormones are known immunostimulators of what? +What autoimmune disease strikes women preferentially? +What do male sex hormones seem to be? +What proteins are closely intertwined with T-cell differentiation and our circadian rhythms? +Along with heart disease, chronic pain, and asthma, what is an example of a chronic condition? +What is an example of an effect of active immunizations? +What is partially responsible for weakened immune responses in aging individuals? +The age-related decline in immune function is also related to what? +What is regulated by the immune system? +What does UVB radiation produce? +What cells are used to destroy abnormal cells? +Tumor antigens are presented on what class of molecules? +Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules in a similar way to what? +What is generated against tumor cells? +What type of cells do plants lack? +What are PAMPs? +What happens to cells at the site of an infection? +What does SAR stand for? +What are particularly important in this systemic response? +What is the other end of immune dysfunction? +What does the immune system fail to distinguish between? +Where are specialized cells located? +What do many T cells and antibodies react with? +What happens when one or more of the components of the immune system are inactive? +The immune system is diminished in which two groups? +At what age do immune responses begin to decline? +Along with obesity, alcoholism, and drug use, what are common causes of poor immune function in developed countries? +What is the most common cause of immunodeficiency in developing countries? +How can active immunity be generated artificially? +What is another name for immunization? +What is the purpose of introducing an antigen from a pathogen? +Why is the deliberate induction of an immune response successful? +How do bacteria overcome physical barriers? +What type of secretion system can be used? +What are these proteins often used to do? +The success of any pathogen depends on its ability to what? +Who formulated the clonal selection theory of immunity? +What is an allograft? +The theory was later modified to reflect new discoveries regarding what? +Who came up with the clonal selection theory of immunity? +What are the most powerful drugs? +Along with cytotoxic and immunosuppressive drugs, what drugs are often used in conjunction with anti-inflammatory drugs? +Along with methotrexate and azathioprine, what immunosuppressive drugs are used? +What immunosuppressive drugs prevent T cells from responding to signals correctly? +What type of cells peak during wake periods? +Along with cortisol and catecholamines, what anti-inflammatory molecules peak during awake active times? +What causes inflammation during sleep times? +The presence of melatonin during sleep times could counteract what? +What does a T-cell extend when it encounters a foreign pathogen? +What steroid hormone does the T-cell bind to? +What relationship do T-cells have with vitamin D? +What gene expresses the pre-hormone version of vitamin D? +Along with dendritic cells, keratinocytes and macrophages, what other immune system cells are known to express CYP27B1? +What are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens? +What are antimicrobial peptides called? +What cells are used by most forms of invertebrate life? +What is conserved across all eukaryotes? +What are two examples of classical molecules of the adaptive immune system? +What are two examples of jawless vertebrates with a distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule? +What areVLRs? +What is the name of the adaptive immune system? +What type of immune system does invertebrates not generate? +What is the name of the defense mechanism that bacteria use to protect themselves from viral pathogens? +What are bacteriophages called? +Prokaryotes use what system to retain fragments of the genomes of phage? +What theories of immunity were debated at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century? +Who represented the cellular theory of immunity? +What type of cells are responsible for immune responses? +Who held the humoral theory of immunity? +What did Koch and von Behring say the active immune agents were? +Some tumors evade the immune system and go on to what? +Tumor cells often have a reduced number of what class of molecules on their surface? +What suppresses the activity of macrophages and lymphocytes? +TGF-β suppresses the activity of what? +What is an immune response that damages the body's own tissues? +How many classes are there? +What are the four classes of hypersensitive reaction? +What triggers degranulation of mast cells and basophils? +What type of hypersensitivity occurs when antibodies bind to antigens? +What is another name for intracellular pathogenesis? +What is the name of the food poisoning bacterium? +What parasites cause malaria? +What is another name for Mycobacterium tuberculosis? +What is Staphylococcus aureus? +What is it called when antigenic variation is called? +What disease mutates rapidly? +What parasite uses a similar strategy to the parasite? +What may explain the failures of vaccines directed at this virus? +What is immune surveillance called? +What virus causes cervical cancer? +What enzyme transforms certain skin cells into tumors? +What are tumors called when tyrosinase transforms certain skin cells? +What are tumors called? +What type of drugs can provoke a neutralizing immune response? +What amino acids were overrepresented in epitope regions? +What is the study of large sets of proteins? +What type of cells are used in the cataloguing of epitopes? +What is the emerging field of bioinformatics-based studies of immunogenicity called? +Along with leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin, what hormone is induced by a sudden drop in blood levels? +What does the milieu of hormones produced at this time support? +What cytokine balance supports Th1? +What immune responses do Th1 immune responses support? +What do complement proteins bind to in humans? +How can complement kill cells directly? +What is the result of signal amplification? +What produces a catalytic cascade? +What is one of the ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws? +What did South Africa fight against in South Africa? +What was the name of the movement that brought independence to the Baltic countries? +In what country did the Orange Revolution take place? +Where did the Rose Revolution take place? +Who brought about one of its earliest massive implementations? +Who led the Egyptians in the 1919 Revolution? +Gandhi's campaigns for independence from the British Empire are examples of what? +What is one of the ways people have rebelled against unfair laws? +What is the name of the civil rights movement in South Africa? +Who is one of the daughters of former King of Thebes? +Who was Antigone's father? +Who is trying to stop her from giving her brother Polynices a proper burial? +Who defies Creon? +Antigone is trying to stop Creon from giving her brother what? +Who is one of the daughters of former King of Thebes? +Who plays Antigone? +Who is Creon? +Antigone is trying to stop Creon from giving her brother what? +What does she tell him that she must obey? +Who wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy? +What is the first modern form of protest? +What is the name of Gandhi's doctrine of Satyagraha? +What was Gandhi's campaign for? +Who wrote Civil Disobedience? +Who wrote the political poem The Mask of Anarchy? +What did Percy Shelley think of as unjust forms of authority? +What is the principle of nonviolent protest? +What is the name of the doctrine of Satyagraha? +Who wrote Satyagraha? +Along with muggers, arsonists, draft evaders and campaign hecklers, what group of people has become a code-word? +Who notes that the term test case has been used to describe everything from bringing a test case to taking aim at a federal official? +What has the term civil disobedience always suffered from? +What has the term civil disobedience become in modern times? +What has the term civil disobedience always suffered from? +Who notes that the term test case has been used to describe everything from bringing a test case to taking aim at a federal official? +Along with muggers, arsonists and draft evaders, what is a code-word describing? +Who is the Vice President of the University of Kansas? +What has the term civil disobedience always suffered from? +Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult? +How difficult is LeGrande's definition of the term? +What are the types of civil disobedience? +What are the problems and grammatical niceties in civil disobedience? +What is Alice in Wonderland? +Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult? +What type of literature did the student of civil disobedience review? +What kind of problems does the student of civil disobedience find himself surrounded by? +What kind of civil disobedience is violent civil disobedience? +What is the distinction between lawful protest demonstration and violent civil disobedience? +What is a constitutional impasse? +What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to? +What is civil disobedience usually defined as? +What would the head of government of a country be acting in? +What is usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws? +What is civil disobedience usually defined as? +What would happen if the head of government of a country refused to enforce a decision? +Who would refuse to enforce a decision of a country's highest court? +What would the head of government of a country be acting in? +What is a constitutional impasse? +Whose political philosophy pitching the conscience vs. the collective? +What happened to Thoreau before his imprisonment? +The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily what? +What did Thoreau advise the taxman to do? +Who may express the will of the majority? +Who is the final judge of right and wrong? +Who can act unjustly? +Whose political philosophy pitching the conscience vs. the collective? +What did Thoreau advise the taxman to do? +The majority may be powerful but it is not necessarily what? +Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against who? +Along with trade unions, banks, and private universities, what non-governmental agency can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system that permits decisions to be taken? +Brownlee argues disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to what? +What are international organizations and foreign governments protesting? +Who argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system? +Brownlee believes disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies can be justified if it reflects what? +Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against what? +What are some non-governmental agencies in opposition to? +What is it called when lawbreaking must be publicly announced? +What type of disobedience is Stephen Eilmann's argument? +What did Hitler's secret police want to know? +What is the name of the book of Exodus? +Who refused a direct order of Pharaoh? +What must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience? +Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with what? +What is more effective than open disobedience? +What was the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house? +Where did Shiphrah and Puah refuse a direct order of Pharaoh? +What is the definition of civil disobedience in Black's Law Dictionary? +What is the definition of civil disobedience in Black's Law? +What are two examples of civil disobedience? +What do civil disobedients refraining from violence help preserve? +What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience? +What type of disobedience has there been debates about? +What are two examples of civil disobedience? +Is rebellion more destructive than civil disobedience? +What do civil disobedients' refraining from violence help preserve? +What type of civil disobedience is Revolutionary civil disobedience? +Who directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government? +Who directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government? +What has been described as revolutionary civil disobedience? +Along with cultural traditions, social customs and religious beliefs, what is a cultural revolution? +What is non-revolutionary civil disobedience? +How is non-revolutionary civil disobedience judged? +What is the purpose of non-revolutionary civil disobedience? +What type of civil disobedience is Revolutionary civil disobedience? +Who was the leader of India? +When did the earliest recorded acts of collective civil disobedience take place? +Where did unarmed Jews gather to prevent the installation of pagan images? +How was Thoreau's arrest covered? +How did Thoreau rise to political office? +When was Thoreau's essay published? +When did the earliest recorded acts of collective civil disobedience take place? +What were the Jews trying to prevent? +What do some civil disobedience activists refuse to sign? +What is solitary civil disobedience a form of? +When was Thoreau's essay published? +Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of what? +What is the purpose of illegal protests? +Who brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the US Government? +How long did Julian Butterfly Hill live in Luna? +How did Julia Butterfly Hill prevent the tree from being cut down? +Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of what? +What is trespassing at? +What is the harmlessness of illegal protests? +What was the goal of Voice in the Wilderness? +How long did Julia Butterfly Hill live in Luna? +What was Joseph Haas arrested for? +Who was arrested for allegedly sending an email to Lebanon city councilors stating "Wise up or die"? +What kind of behavior is pure speech? +In what year was FCC v. Pacifica Foundation decided? +In what year was the FCC v. Pacifica Foundation case? +In cases where the criminalized behavior is pure speech, what is civil disobedience? +What was the name of WBAI's broadcast of the track "Filthy Words"? +What is another classic way of expressing defiance toward the government? +What was Joseph Haas arrested for? +What is one of the ways civil disobedience can make it difficult for a system to function? +How did the Plowshares temporarily close GCSB Waihopai? +How many satellite dishes did the Plowshares use sickles to deflate? +What are civil disobedients constrained in their use of? +What might be considered coercive in this way? +What are some forms of civil disobedience? +What are civil disobedients constrained by? +What do civil disobedients aim to engage in? +How did Plowshares temporarily close GCSB Waihopai? +What kind of investigations arise in civil disobedience cases? +A suspect may need to decide whether or not to do what? +What can serve no useful purpose? +Why have civil disobedients found it hard to resist responding to investigators' questions? +What do some civil disobedients use the arrest as an opportunity to do? +What do some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to do? +What is held to bind all to obey laws that a government meeting certain standards of legitimacy has established? +Do civil disobedients believe in the legitimacy of a particular law? +What are civil disobedients? +What does not infringe the rights of others? +What is an important decision for civil disobedients? +What is a civil disobedient's duty to submit to? +What did I feel I did the right thing by violating? +What does pleading not guilty send a message of? +What is a plea of not guilty called? +Where was the protest held? +How many protesters were tempted to enter the test site? +What happened to the people who stepped across the line? +What did Heisler advise the arrested persons to do? +What were the suspended sentences given to the arrested persons? +Why do protesters choose to go to jail? +Why do protesters go to jail? +What should be maintained all the way? +To accept jail penitently is to switch suddenly to what? +What type of bargain is offered to civil disobedients? +What did the Camden 28 defendants receive? +What do the activists use to secure the same plea bargain for everyone? +What type of plea do some activists opt to enter? +What did Mohandas Gandhi tell the court? +What type of speech do some civil disobedience defendants choose to make? +What do some civil disobedience defendants use to explain their actions? +What is an attempt to avoid responsibility for her actions? +What is the likelihood of repeating her illegal actions? +What did the protesters complain about? +What is Steven Barkan's primary goal? +What is Steven Barkan's primary goal? +What do defendants use the proceedings as a forum for? +During what war did the Chicago Eight use a political defense? +What do civil disobedients seek? +What type of disobedience is neither conscientious nor of social benefit? +What is general disobedience neither conscientious nor of? +Why is it argued that breaking the law for self-gratification? +What is a protestor generally viewed as? +How is a protestor able to escape punishment? +What type of civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not itself the object of protest? +What type of civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not itself the object of protest? +During what war did courts typically refuse to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment? +What did the judge instruct the jury to disregard? +What will the leaflets have to be given to? +How is crime control achieved? +What is the most important consideration in deciding whether or not to impose punishment? +Who decides on utilitarian grounds whether to do so or not? +Brownlee argues that deterrence focuses on the threat of punishment and not what? +What is the process of constructing or infrastructure called? +How does construction differ from manufacturing? +What percentage of the gross domestic product of developed countries is construction? +Along with planning, design, and financing, what else does construction begin with? +Where does construction typically take place? +Who normally manages the job? +What is another name for a construction manager? +What is essential for successful execution of a project? +What are the largest construction projects called? +What must those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure consider? +What are the three sectors of construction? +Along with residential and non-residential, what type of construction is usually divided into? +What is another name for infrastructure? +What is another name for infrastructure? +Along with refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills and manufacturing plants, what is an industrial industry? +What industry is ENR a trade magazine for? +What is the trade magazine for the construction industry? +In what year did ENR compile the data in nine market segments? +Along with transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water, what type of data did the Top 400 use to rank firms as heavy contractors? +What are the three subsectors of building construction? +What are two categories of construction service firms? +What is the newer North American Industry Classification System? +What are construction managers? +What is the process of adding structure to real property? +What are the majority of building construction jobs? +Who acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for a project? +What are some undesirable end results of varying sizes of construction projects? +What do those with experience in the field do to ensure a positive outcome? +Residential construction practices, technologies, and resources must conform to what? +What type of materials generally dictate the construction materials used? +What can residential construction generate? +What is the cost of construction on a per square meter basis? +What type of technology is being used in building construction? +How long does it take to build small commercial buildings and private habitations? +How many metres of building material are being printed per hour? +How many metres of building material is being printed per hour? +What is the purpose of a formal design team? +What does construction usually involve? +Who is most commonly employed by the design team? +Who provides a bill of quantities? +What is the most cost efficient bidder? +What is the modern trend in design toward? +In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, and construction managers were more likely to be what? +What is one-stop shopping? +What is a "design build" contract? +Along with design-build, partnering and construction management, what is an example of a project structure that can assist the owner in integration? +Along with architects, interior designers, and engineers, who does each of these project structures integrate? +How are companies placing more emphasis on relationships with other necessary participants? +What are preventable financial problems? +When do builders ask for too much money to complete a project? +What areCash flow problems? +What is a problem in many fields? +Who are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of a building construction project? +What is the most obvious source of funding for a building project? +Who studies the expected monetary flow over the life of a project? +What can cause cost overruns with government projects? +What two groups apply expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation? +What requirements must a project adhere to? +What doesConstructing a project that fails to adhere to codes not benefit? +What is malum in se considerations? +What are things that are a matter of custom or expectation? +Who may seek changes or exemptions in the law that governs the land where the building will be built? +What is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations? +What is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties? +In cases of bottlenecks, what can be extremely expensive? +The contracts must be designed to ensure that each side is capable of what? +What can lead to confusion and collapse? +What is the emphasis on in relationship contracting? +What is another term for private finance initiatives? +What does PPPs stand for? +What is the focus of the project? +Who acts as the project coordinator? +Who acts as the project coordinator in this arrangement? +What are direct contractual links between? +What are direct contractual links between the architect's client and? +What continues until the building is ready to occupy? +Who produces a list of requirements for a project? +What type of contractors present different ideas about how to accomplish these goals? +Who produces a list of requirements for a project? +What is often a consortium of several contractors working together? +What phase do they design? +Who is typically required to verify and have existing utility lines marked? +What does this lessens the likelihood of? +Along with electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities, what type of facilities could be damaged? +Who inspects the building periodically to ensure that it adheres to approved plans and the local building code? +What may be issued after a final inspection? +How much revenue does the industry in 2014 have? +How much of the industry's revenue is private? +How many firms were there in 2005? +How many employees does an average contractor have? +How many women were employed in the construction industry as of 2011? +What is the average earning for a professional in the construction industry? +What is the average earning for a professional in the Middle East? +How much do construction workers make in the US/Canada? +What is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world? +What is one of the most common causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries among construction workers? +What are some of the major causes of fatalities in the construction industry? +What safety equipment can prevent occupational injuries in the construction industry? +What are private schools also known as? +What type of scholarship is offered at private schools? +How are private schools funded? +What do private schools retain? +What is the average annual tuition at K-12 schools? +What is another name for tuition-free schools in New England? +Which Commonwealth country uses the term "Commonwealth" in its name? +Where does private education cover the whole gamut of educational activity? +What is the secondary level known as? +What is another name for year 13? +What is another name for prepatory schools? +What is the term for peer tuitions? +What is high tuition used to pay? +What is the term used to denote parochial schools? +What religious group is represented in the K-12 private education sector? +What type of education do some schools teach? +What is a tool not readily available to government schools? +What is a compulsory garment in Australian private schools? +Are private schools in Australia more expensive or more expensive than public schools? +Along with the Anglican Church, Uniting Church and Presbyterian Church, what is an example of an independent school? +What type of school is Loreto Kirribilli? +Where is St Aloysius' College located? +What is Loreto Normanhurst for? +The right to create private schools in Germany is in what article? +What was the purpose of the protection of private schools? +What was the percent of pupils in schools in Germany between 1992 and 2008? +What percentage of students in private high schools reached 11.1? +What was the percent of pupils in schools in the former GDR? +What is another name for segregation of pupils according to the means of their parents? +What are ordinary primary or secondary schools? +What do most Ersatzschulen have? +What are secondary or post-secondary schools called? +Most of these schools are what type of schools? +How are Ergänzungsschulen funded? +What type of education is not available at public schools? +What are private schools called in India? +What is one of theinent Examination Boards in multiple states? +How many Examination Boards conduct examinations for school leaving certificates? +What is within the power of both union government and state governments? +Who can run schools in India? +Where can non-profit trusts and societies run schools? +What does ASER stand for? +What is the purpose of the ASER? +What is the medium of education in private schools? +What is another name for private schools in Ireland? +Who pays the teacher's salaries in Ireland? +What is the average fee for most schools? +What is another name for the Society of Jesus? +What is the average boarding fee for some schools? +In what year did Malaysia gain independence? +What caused an uproar among the Chinese? +What language are Chinese secondary schools required to change into? +What system did the government instruct all schools to surrender their properties to? +How many schools converted to National Type schools? +What are schools that accept government funds called? +Who funds un-aided schools? +Where is the Galaxy Public School located? +What is the medium of education? +What is the state's official language? +How many private schools are in New Zealand? +How many students attend private schools in New Zealand? +What percentage of New Zealand's student population are private schools? +What was the largest decline in private school numbers between 1979 and 1984? +What is the name of the largest city in New Zealand? +What type of school is King's College? +Where is St Andrew's College located? +What is another name for the Presbyterian school? +Where is St Margaret's College located? +What is the name of the schismatic group in Wanganui? +What percentage of secondary enrollment does the private sector account for? +What percentage of secondary enrollment is in the private sector? +What percentage of secondary enrollment is in the private sector? +When was the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools issued? +Along with English, mathematics, and natural science, what subject was replaced with English and mathematics in private schools? +Who provides financial assistance for tuition and other school fees? +What is the Tuition Fee Supplement geared to? +What is made available to underprivileged students? +What act recognises two categories of schools? +When was the South African Schools Act passed? +What are the two categories of schools in South Africa? +What are the two categories of schools in South Africa? +When were private church schools established in South Africa? +Who were the government schools formerly reserved for? +What type of results do government schools produce? +What type of schools in South Africa tend to set higher school fees? +What percentage of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008? +How many students does Kunskapsskolan teach? +How many employees does Kunskapsskolan have? +What is Kunskapsskolan? +What is Sweden known for? +How old are pupils in pre-school in the UK? +What are some public schools also known as? +What percentage of children in the UK are educated at fee-paying schools? +How old are pupils in pre-school in the UK? +What is the average school fee for day pupils? +In what year was Brown v. Board of Education decided? +What is another name for segregation academies? +Where did many white students migrate to? +What group of students migrated to the academies? +Which group of students became more heavily concentrated in public schools? +What type of funds are used for private schools? +What is the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment? +Which amendment is considered to be the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment? +What type of school is a non-religious private school? +In what state did private schooling begin in 1852? +In what year did private schooling begin in Massachusetts? +When was Wisconsin v. Yoder? +What was Pierce v. Society of Sisters? +Who v. Yoder was in 1976? +What was the average tuition for private schools in the United States in 2012? +What is the average tuition for day schools in New York City? +What is the name of the leading school? +What did the Groton School use to supplement its endowments? +Who was the first benefactor of Harvard? +When did the undergraduate college become coeducational? +Who led the University through the Great Depression and World War II? +What association was Harvard a founding member of? +Who was the President of the United States after the Civil War? +What is the world's largest academic and private library system? +How many individual libraries are in the Harvard Library? +How many volumes are in the Harvard Library? +How many U.S. presidents have graduated from Harvard? +How many Nobel laureates have been affiliated with faculty or staff? +Where is the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study? +How much is Harvard's financial endowment? +Where is Harvard Stadium located? +How many separate academic units does Harvard have? +What is the name of the main campus of Harvard? +In what year was Harvard formed? +What was the name of the colony formed in 1636? +In what year did the college become home for North America's first known printing press? +When was the college renamed Harvard College? +When was the charter creating the Harvard Corporation granted? +Who did the College train in the early years? +What type of curriculum did the University of Cambridge offer? +What was the name of the church that was never affiliated with any particular denomination? +When did Joseph Willard die? +Who was appointed to the presidency of Harvard two years later? +In what year was Henry Ware elected to the chair of Harvard? +Who gave the natural history lectures in New York? +Agassiz's perspective on science combined observation with what? +Along with Reid and Stewart, who was a notable Scottish philosopher of Common Sense Realism? +Who was president from 1869-1909? +What type of Unitarian was Eliot? +Who were the founders of the convictions of William Ellery Channing? +Who reinvigorated creative scholarship to guarantee its preeminence among research institutions? +What did Conant do to identify, recruit, and support talented youth? +In what year was the Report published? +How many men attend Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe? +In what year did Harvard and Radcliffe merge? +What was the result of the merger of Harvard and Radcliffe? +How far is Harvard Yard from the State House? +How many residential Houses are in Harvard Yard? +What river is south of Harvard Yard? +How far is the Quadrangle from the Yard? +Where is Harvard Business School located? +What is the name of the pedestrian bridge over the Charles River? +Where is the Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Harvard school of Public Health located? +What percentage of land does the university own in Allston? +What is the name of the project to connect the Cambridge campus with Allston campus? +What is one of the features of the expansion? +How many undergraduates instruct at Harvard? +How many undergraduates teach at Harvard? +How many graduate students attend Harvard? +In what year did Harvard's student body vote red? +In what year did Charles William Eliot buy red bandanas for his crew? +How much was it worth in 2011? +How much of a loss did the company suffer in 2008-09? +How much was the Allston Science Complex supposed to cost? +What is the total financial aid reserve for Harvard University? +What was the total financial aid reserve of Harvard University in 2012? +When did the divestment from South Africa movement begin? +Who gave a speech at Harvard Yard in the 1980s? +How much did the university reduce its South African holdings by? +What percentage of applicants were accepted for the class of 2019? +When did Harvard end its early admissions program? +What type of applicants did the early admissions program disadvantage? +In what year was an Early Action program reintroduced? +How many classes were students required to complete between 1978 and 2008? +How many General Education categories have undergraduate students been required to complete since 2008? +What do some students criticize Harvard for? +When does the semester calendar end? +What is the four-course rate average? +What are students in the top 4-5% of the class awarded? +What percentage of students receive Latin honors in 2004? +What was the annual tuition for the 2012-13 school year? +What was the total cost of attendance for the 2012-13 school year? +What did families with incomes below $60,000 receive in 2007? +How many grants did Harvard offer in 2009? +What percentage of Harvard's aid for undergraduate students is provided by loans? +Where is the Harvard University Library System located? +What are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use? +Where is America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases stored? +How many volumes are in the Harvard University Library System? +How many museums are in the Harvard Art Museums? +What era of art does the Fogg Museum of Art cover? +What is the name of the museum in Peabody? +In what year did ARWU top the Academic Ranking of World Universities? +When were the first league tables published? +What is the second most commonly named college? +How many intercollegiate sports does the Harvard Crimson compete in? +Which university has an intense rivalry with Harvard? +How often do the Harvard and Yale Track and Field teams compete? +In what year did the annual football meeting begin? +In what year did Harvard Stadium introduce a new era into football? +In what year did Camp support revolutionary new rules? +What football team did Walter Camp play for? +What is the name of the multi-purpose arena at Harvard? +What is the name of the athletic center at Washington University? +How many weight rooms are in the building? +How many years did the Harvard-Yale Regatta last? +Where is the Thames River located? +What is the name of the team that has a strong rivalry with Cornell? +In what year did Harvard win the Intercollegiate Sailing Association National Championships? +Who is the U.N. Secretary? +Who was the Colombian President? +Who was the Costa Rican president? +Who is the Israeli Prime Minister? +Who is a comedian, television show host and writer? +Who was the conductor of the cellist Yo Yo Ma? +What is the name of the cellist that Leonard Bernstein played? +What civil rights leader was Henry David Thoreau? +Who is a Fields Medalist mathematician? +Along with Alan Dershowitz and Lawrence Lessig, who is a notable legal scholar at Harvard? +Who is a Shakespeare scholar at Harvard? +What is the largest city in Florida? +What was the population of Jacksonville in 2010? +Where does Jacksonville rank in population in the US? +What county is Duval in? +In what year was Duval County consolidated? +On what river is the city of Jacksonville located? +How far from Miami is Jacksonville from Miami? +What was one of the earliest European settlements in what is now the continental US? +Who originally inhabited Fort Caroline? +Who was the first military governor of the Florida Territory? +What is Florida's third largest seaport? +What sport is particularly important to the Jacksonville area? +How many US Navy bases are in Jacksonville? +What is another name for people from Jacksonville? +How long has the modern city of Jacksonville been inhabited? +Where is Black Hammock Island located? +Where is Black Hammock Island located? +What era was the beginning of? +What was the name of the village that is now downtown Jacksonville? +Who charted the St. Johns River? +Where did Ribault claim the land for? +Who did Philip II order to attack the French presence at Fort Caroline? +What did the Spanish rename the fort? +What was the name of the first European settlement? +What war took place in 1763? +What road did the British build to connect St. Augustine to Georgia? +What type of cattle were brought across the river? +Who ceded Florida to the British in 1763? +On what date did the Florida Legislative Council approve the charter? +Where were hogs and cattle shipped to during the Civil War? +Where was the Skirmish of the Brick Church located? +What was the name of the battle in which Union forces confronted the Confederate Army? +What disrupted the city after the war? +What was the name of the Battle of Cedar Creek? +During what era did Jacksonville become popular winter resorts for the rich and famous? +Who attended the Sub-Tropical Exposition? +What disease hit Southampton in the late 19th century? +What was the name of the extension of the Florida East Coast Railway? +By what means did visitors arrive? +What moss was quickly engulfed in flames at a mattress factory? +How many buildings were destroyed? +Who declared martial law? +In what year was the Great Fire? +What New York-based filmmakers were attracted to Jacksonville in the 1910s? +How many silent film studios were established? +What was the nickname given to Jacksonville? +The emergence of what industry ended the city's film industry? +What led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs? +What percentage of the population was non-Hispanic white in 1970? +What type of people left Jacksonville with a much poorer population than before? +What was the name of the mayor who built the new city hall? +After what war did Jacksonville suffer from the negative effects of urban sprawl? +How much of the city's tax base dissipated? +What type of suburbs had difficulty obtaining municipal services? +What did the study recommend that the city of Jacksonville do? +How many referendums were there between 1960 and 1965? +How were the officials elected? +How many officials were indicted? +What was the name of the group led by J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates? +How many public high schools lost their accreditation in 1964? +Who approved the consolidation referendum? +Who posed with Lee Meredith in honor of the new border of the "Bold New City of the South"? +What was the name of the sign marking the new border of the South? +What plan was promoted as a blueprint for Jacksonville's future? +What sales tax did the Better Jacksonville Plan authorize? +How many square miles is Jacksonville? +What river divides the city? +What is a major tributary of the St. Johns River? +What percentage of Jacksonville's land is water? +Which town surrounds Jacksonville? +What is the tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville? +What is the name of the tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville? +What is the height of the building? +How many floors is the Riverplace Tower? +What is the distinctive feature of the Wells Fargo Center? +What type of climate does Jacksonville have? +When are the warmest months? +What type of climate does Jacksonville have? +Due to Jacksonville's low latitude and coastal location, what type of weather does it typically see? +What was the highest temperature recorded? +What type of thunderstorms erupt during a typical summer afternoon? +What is the result of the rapid heating of the land relative to the water? +In what month does the temperature range from 53 F to 82 F? +What hurricane hit Jacksonville in 1964? +What was the wind speed of the eye when it crossed St. Augustine? +What hurricane hit Jacksonville on May 28, 2012? +On what scale did the eye reach St. Augustine? +In what year did Jacksonville suffer damage? +What is the country's tenth-largest Arab population? +How many people lived in Southampton in 2010? +What is the largest Arab population in the US? +What is the largest Filipino community in Florida? +What percentage of households were made up of individuals? +What percentage of households had children under the age of 18 living with them? +For every 100 females, how many males were there? +For every 100 females age 18 and over, how many males were there? +What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% of adults own in 2000? +How many people in the world have wealth equal to that of the bottom 50% of the population? +How much of the world's wealth is in the top percentile? +What methodology has been questioned by Oxfam? +What is a diversion? +What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% of adults own in 2000? +What do the three richest people in the world possess more than the lowest 48 nations combined? +What was the combined wealth of the 10 million dollar millionaires in 2008? +How much of the human population's wealth does the wealthiest 1% own? +Why are there more poor people in the United States and Western Europe? +According to PolitiFact, how many richest Americans have more wealth than all Americans combined? +Which newspaper reported that the wealthiest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent? +What may help explain why many Americans have become rich? +What did the Forbes richest 400 Americans grow up in? +According to PolitiFact, how many richest Americans have more wealth? +What percent of the population now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent? +What may help explain why many Americans have become rich? +What percentage of Forbes richest 400 Americans "grew up in substantial privilege"? +According to the Institute for Policy Studies, what percentage of Forbes richest 400 Americans "grew up in substantial privilege"? +What type of economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land? +Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in what? +Why are different classifications different within labor income distribution? +What is inequality a reflection of? +What is the marginal value added to each economic actor? +Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in what? +Why are different classifications different within labor income distribution? +What are wages and profits determined by? +What are the economic actors? +What is inequality a reflection of? +What are the goals of the Marxian analysis? +How many workers are required in proportion to capital inputs? +What is the "reserve army of labour"? +What is the result of stagnant wages for the working class? +What are workers under competitive pressure to do? +What are the goals of the Marxian analysis? +What do capitalist firms use for labor inputs? +What does the substitution of capital equipment for labor raise? +What is the result of the substitution of capital equipment for labor? +What will not be controlled by these organizations? +What is the law of supply and demand? +What happens to employers who offer below market wages? +How do competitors take advantage of the situation? +What are outcomes that lead to high levels of inequality viewed as? +What will not be controlled by these organizations? +What do wages work in the same way as? +What will not be controlled by these organizations? +What can concentrate wealth, pass environmental costs on to society? +What are outcomes that lead to high levels of inequality viewed as? +What tends to drive down wages? +What will result in a low wage for a job with low demand? +What will result in high wages? +Along with collective bargaining, political influence, or corruption, what other way can members receive higher wages? +What may limit the supply of workers? +What will result in a low wage? +What drives down the wage? +What is the expendable nature of a worker? +What will result in a low wage for a job with a high demand? +What will drive up the wage? +Higher economic inequality tends to increase what? +What type of entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs? +What is another term for survival needs? +What are achievement-oriented motivations? +What type of entrepreneurship is driven by achievement-oriented motivations? +Higher economic inequality tends to increase what? +Most of it is often based on what? +What type of motivation is entrepreneurship motivated by? +What is opportunity-based entrepreneurship driven by? +Which type of entrepreneurialism is expected to foster technological progress and thus have a more positive impact on economic growth? +What is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases? +What will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society? +What can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board? +What is another cause of the rate at which income is taxed? +What is a progressive tax? +What will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society? +What can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board? +What is an indicator for the effects of taxation? +What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? +What is an optional education for those who can't afford an education? +What do those who choose not to pursue optional education receive? +Who does education unleash the productive potential of? +What does a lack of education lead to? +What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? +What does education create? +What do those who choose not to pursue optional education receive? +What does a lack of education lead to? +What is an important factor in the creation of inequality? +What did S&P recommend? +How much money would the average US worker add to the economy over five years? +The widening disparity between the wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had made it more prone to what type of cycles? +Who was the rating agency of Standard & Poor in 2014? +In what year did economists with the Standard & Poor's rating agency conclude that the widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery? +When did the recession begin? +What did S&P recommend? +How much money would the average US worker add to the economy over five years? +The widening disparity between the wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had made it more prone to what type of cycles? +When was the mass high school education movement? +What led to a decrease in the price of skilled labor? +What did the increase in skilled workers lead to? +What can result to low economic growth? +What caused a period of compression between skilled and unskilled workers? +During what years did the mass high school education movement occur? +What did the increase in skilled workers lead to? +What was high school education designed to equip students with? +What is very important for the growth of the economy? +What can result to low economic growth? +What has remained strong in continental European liberalism? +How does the U.S. economy compare to continental European countries? +The available evidence provides little support for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves what? +What is continental European liberalism compared to? +What is one of the causes of economic inequality? +What is the social model associated with? +John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer are members of what organization? +The available evidence provides little support for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves what? +How does the U.S. economy compare to continental European countries? +What country has high rates of unionization? +What does high inequality go hand-in-hand with? +What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? +What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? +Who asserts that the decline of organized labor in the US has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? +Where is Jake Rosenfield from? +What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap? +What nations have high rates of unionization? +What does high inequality go hand-in-hand with? +What may low-skilled workers in the rich countries see as a result of competition? +Low-skilled workers in rich countries may see what? +What is one of the causes of inequality in America? +What has replaced low-skilled jobs in wealthier nations? +Trade liberalization may shift economic inequality from what scale? +What type of workers may see increased wages as a result of competition? +What has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the US? +What is the effect of trade on inequality in America? +What has replaced low-skilled jobs in wealthier nations? +What is the income gap in Bahrain? +What is the income gap in Bahrain? +Are women or men more likely to travel or relocate? +What gender has a gender pay gap in many countries? +What is the gender pay gap in many countries? +Who has a gender pay gap in many countries? +Are women or men more likely to consider factors other than pay when looking for work? +Who wrote Knowledge and Decisions? +Is there a difference in earnings between women and men? +What kind of programs do more developed countries move back to? +What are the distributions of wealth in countries with low levels of development? +What leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income? +How do more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality? +Who argued that levels of economic inequality are in large part the result of stages of development? +Simon Kuznets argued that levels of what are in large part the result of stages of development? +What leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income? +What do the owners of a capital have? +What do more developed countries move back to? +When did income inequality fall in the United States? +When did income inequality begin to rise? +What sector did the Kuznets move to? +What sector did the Kuznets move to? +What is the Kuznets curve? +What is the Kuznets curve now known as? +Has the theory been tested with superior panel data? +What will eventually decrease at a given time? +How many Kuznets' cycles are there? +What is a theoretical process by which wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities? +What do those who already hold wealth have? +What is the fundamental force for divergence? +What do larger fortunes generate? +What does wealth concentrates in? +Who are the beneficiaries of the new wealth theory? +What can significantly contribute to the persistence of inequality within society? +Who wrote Capital in the Twenty-First Century? +What do larger fortunes generate? +What force should serve as a brake on concentrations of wealth and income? +Who argues that market forces should serve as a brake on wealth and income? +What type of skills will the market bid up? +What is a better explanation for growing inequality? +What is another term for the non-market force? +What has researchers found in the effects of inequality? +What is neglected for high end consumption? +What is the life expectancy in more unequal countries? +What has researchers found in the effects of inequality? +What is the life expectancy in more unequal countries? +When did Shiller say rising inequality in the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem? +What is the most important problem in the United States? +High and persistent unemployment has what effect on subsequent long-run economic growth? +What can harm growth? +Increasing inequality harms what? +Who found higher rates of health and social problems? +What are the rates of health and social problems? +What are the rates of health and social problems? +How many states of the US have social/health problems? +What does equality stand for? +What did higher material living standards lead to? +Where does this pattern of higher incomes-longer lives still hold? +What is the life expectancy in poorer countries? +How long do Americans live on average? +How was income distributed in Japan? +What is the characteristic that has strongly correlated with health in developed countries? +Who created the index of "Health and Social Problems"? +How many factors made up the index of "Health and Social Problems"? +Where are health and social problems more common? +What does the UNICEF index of child well-being in rich countries correlate with? +Crime rate has been shown to be correlated with what? +What are almost identically defined across all nations and jurisdictions? +How many studies show tendencies for violence to be more common in societies where income differences are larger? +How can half of all variation in homicide rates be accounted for? +What is the difference between the U.S. and Canadian Provinces? +What is the utilitarian principle? +What is reduced within society? +An additional dollar spent by a poor person will go to what? +What does reduced "distributive efficiency" reduce? +What will a society with more equality have? +What should be the measure of inequality? +What is Wilkinson's political affiliation? +In what year was consumption inequality lower than in 1986? +Who wrote "The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor"? +Who wrote "The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor"? +What is Raghuram Rajan's profession? +Raghuram Rajan argues that what has created deep financial 'fault lines'? +What was the most recent financial crisis? +Why has political pressure developed to extend easier credit? +Why has political pressure developed to extend easier credit? +What is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth spells? +What do high levels of inequality prevent? +If the income share of the top 20 percent increases, what happens to GDP growth? +An increase in the income share of the bottom 20 percent is associated with what? +Which class is most important for growth? +What does increasing inequality do to economic growth? +What harms economic growth? +What effect does high and persistent unemployment have on subsequent long-run economic growth? +Why can unemployment harm growth? +Policies aiming at controlling unemployment and in particular at reducing its effects have what kind of effects? +What did Joseph Stiglitz present in 2009? +How did Stiglitz say inequality and inequality prevent growth? +Who presented evidence that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand? +What is the main reason for this shift? +What has become the secret to growth? +In what year did Galor and Zeira show that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation? +What effect does inequality have on human capital formation and economic development? +What did Perotti study? +What type of taxation is inequality associated with? +What do very unequal societies tend to be? +What do high levels of inequality reduce? +What do high levels of inequality do? +What is the relationship between income inequality and rates of growth and investment? +Where did Robert Barro study income inequality? +When did a study of Swedish counties find a positive impact of inequality? +What is the Kuznets curve hypothesis? +What does the Kuznets curve hypothesis state? +Who challenges the idea that wars and violent economic and political shocks reduced inequality? +What is Thomas Piketty's profession? +What did Thomas Piketty claim reduced inequality from 1914 to 1945? +In what decade did some theories develop about inequality? +What were savings by the wealthy thought to offset? +What has Nigeria's income inequality risen with? +How long does it take for effects to manifest as changes to economic growth? +What is longer growth spells associated with? +What must be made to ensure poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth? +The effect of economic growth on poverty reduction can depend on what? +What is the central role economic growth can play in human development? +Who was the Secretary General of the United Nations? +What did Ban Ki-Moon say economic growth is not sufficient for? +What is held outside of the formal or legal property ownership registration system? +How is unregistered property held? +What are the reasons for extra-legal ownership? +In some countries, how long can it take to build on government land? +How long can it take to build on government land? +What do researchers argue is the cause of the shortage of affordable housing? +What did the number of quality rental units decrease from 1984 to 1991? +Why did the number of quality rental units decrease between 1984 and 1991? +What did landlords find in East New York? +What policy made it difficult or impossible for low income residents to keep pace with rising prices? +Who shares certain costs? +What are those on lower incomes better equipped to manage? +What describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve standards of living? +How is aspirational consumption described? +What does this result in? +What is created by economic inequality? +What is the result of the increase in environmental degradation? +What is the result of economic inequality? +What would happen if population levels drop to a sustainable level? +What do socialists attribute the vast disparities in wealth to? +What percentage of the population lives off unearned property income? +What does the majority of the population depend on? +What do socialists argue the means of production should be? +What do socialists argue should be socially owned? +Who argued that government redistributes wealth by force? +What did Nozick believe would be the ideal moral society? +How does government redistribute wealth? +What were some modern economic inequalities the result of? +How are inequalities in the distribution of wealth justified? +What is another term for the human development approach? +Economic growth and income are considered a means to what? +What is the goal ofwidening people's choices? +What is the term for the freedom to enjoy functionings? +What is agency? +What happens when a person's capabilities are lowered? +An old, ill man cannot earn as much as what young man? +What may prevent a woman from receiving an education or working outside the home? +Why are people prevented from going to work? +What is the goal of this approach? +Who produced Doctor Who? +When was Doctor Who produced? +What is a sentient time-travelling space ship? +What color is the exterior of the British police box? +What is the name of the television programme produced by the BBC? +When did the programme originally run? +Who was the showrunner and head writer for the first five years of the revival? +What was the name of the show that aired on K-9? +Who was the showrunner and head writer for the first five years of the revival? +Who played the title role in the first series of the 21st century? +How many actors have headlined the series as the Doctor? +Who took on the role after Matt Smith's exit? +What was the name of the 2013 Christmas special? +When does the Doctor take on a new personality? +What happens to the Doctor after sustaining an injury that would be fatal to most species? +What is the name of the Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey? +What type of TARDIS did he flee from Gallifrey in? +What does the Mark I Type 40 TARDIS mean? +What circuit does the TARDIS have? +Why is the Doctor's TARDIS fixed as a blue British Police box? +How often does the Doctor travel alone? +Who is another renegade Time Lord? +What can the Doctor do when his body is damaged? +What are his companions usually? +Who has the ability to regenerate when his body is damaged? +When did Doctor Who first appear on BBC TV? +What was the name of the second Doctor Who serial? +What was the programme not permitted to contain? +Who commissioned Terry Nation to write a story under the title The Mutants? +How long was the transmission length of each episode? +How many seasons did the BBC drama department's serials division produce? +Who was the controller of BBC 1? +What was the name of the documentary that starred Sophie Aldred? +What did the BBC do with the 27th series? +On what channel was the BBC drama department's serials division broadcast? +What did the BBC hope to find to relaunch the show? +Who was the British expatriate who worked for Columbia Pictures' television arm? +Which network broadcast television film in 1996? +How many viewers watched the film in the UK? +What country did Philip Segal work for? +What episode of Doctor Who aired on BBC One on 26 March 2005? +When was the episode "Rose" broadcast on BBC One? +In what year was a full series filmed? +Who replaced Moffat after the 2017 finale? +How many Christmas Day specials have there since 2005? +When did the 2005 version of Doctor Who begin? +When was the 2005 version of Doctor Who released? +When was the 2005 version of Doctor Who released? +Along with Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman, what is an example of a reboot? +What year was Mission Impossible released? +On what date did the BBC broadcast it again? +How long did it take for the transmission of the first episode to go out? +How long was the transmission of the first episode delayed? +What event caused the transmission of the first episode to be delayed? +What was the result of the blackouts? +What did the phrase "watching from behind" mean? +In what year did the Museum of the Moving Image name their exhibition "Behind the Sofa"? +What did the Museum of the Moving Image name their exhibition in 1991? +What is the scariest TV show of all time? +Where did the 2011 online vote take place? +Which BBC show was the most violent? +What percentage of the surveyed audience regarded the show as unsuitable for family viewing? +Who was the author of the survey in The Times? +What game did Howard compare the violence of Dr Who to? +What newspaper published the survey? +What has become firmly linked to the show in the public's consciousness? +What color police box did the BBC use in 1996? +What was Coburn's idea of a police box? +Who filed an objection to the trade mark claim? +In what year did the Patent Office rule in favor of the BBC? +How many seasons did Doctor Who run on BBC One? +When did Doctor Who end? +How many episodes did The Daleks' Master Plan last? +What was the name of the Time Lord in season 8? +What was the name of season 20 of the Black Guardian Trilogy? +When did the serial format change? +How long were the self-contained episodes in the 2005 revival? +On what day was an extended episode broadcast? +What was the name of the episode that exceeded an hour in length? +When was "The Eleventh Hour" released? +How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963? +How long are most Doctor Who instalments? +How many Christmas specials have been aired since 1963? +How long are the Christmas specials? +In what year did the Doctor Who Christmas specials begin? +Who were the first two Doctors? +How much older material was stored in the BBC's various video tape and film libraries? +How many episodes are missing in the BBC's archives? +In what year did the practice of wiping tapes and destroying "spare" film copies come to a stop? +Between what years did large amounts of older material stored in the BBC's various video tape and film libraries get destroyed? +Who bought prints for the BBC? +Who made color videotape recordings off-air? +What is the name of Marco Polo's short story? +What type of film was used in early colour videotape recordings? +Who made tape recordings of the show? +Who released "Official" reconstructions on VHS? +What animation studio did the BBC work with to reconstruct episodes 1 and 4 of The Invasion? +In what year was The Invasion filmed? +Who animated The Reign of Terror? +When was the DVD release of The Invasion? +What concept was introduced to permit the recasting of the main character? +What was the third on-screen regeneration? +What was William Hartnell's health? +What did Hartnell's Doctor describe his regeneration as? +What did the Second Doctor undergo? +How many times did a Time Lord regenerate? +How many times did a Time Lord regenerate? +What was the name of the episode that depicted the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations? +What two serials were released in 1996? +In what year was Mawdryn Undead released? +Who guest starred as the War Doctor in 2013? +What was the name of the 50th anniversary special? +Who portrayed the Valeyard in The Trial of a Time Lord? +In what year was the Trial of a Time Lord broadcast? +What was McGann and Eccleston's name? +Who played the War Doctor? +Along with William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton, who was a member of the Three Doctors? +Who played Peter Davison on The Five Doctors? +What museum did the First Doctor encounter himself in? +What was the name of the 50th anniversary episode of "The Day of the Doctor"? +In what year did Peter Davison and Sylvester McCoy appear together in The Sirens of Time? +What was the name of the audio drama released in 2003? +Who starred in the audio drama The Four Doctors? +Who starred in The Sirens of Time? +When was Zagreus released? +In what episode did the Eleventh Doctor clarify he was the product of the twelfth regeneration? +What was the name of the book that hinted that the First Doctor may not have been the first incarnation? +What was the name of the incarnation of the Fifth Doctor? +What show did the Eleventh Doctor appear in in 2010? +When was Mawdryn Undead released? +What was the name of the first serial of Doctor Who? +Who wrote the first serial of An Unearthly Child? +When was "The Empty Child" released? +How did the Ninth Doctor describe his home planet? +In what book did Smith say he didn't have a brother? +What is a companion figure in Doctor Who? +What is the only story from the original series in which the Doctor travels alone? +What was the name of the Doctor's granddaughter? +Who were Susan Foreman's first companions? +Who was a Time Lady? +Who does the Doctor usually travel with? +Who were the main companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors? +Which Doctor was the first to travel with a married couple? +Who is the Doctor's newest traveling companion? +Who was Donna Noble's main companion? +Who was the executive producer of the 2005 revival of Doctor Who? +In what series did Davies introduce the Autons with the Nestene Consciousness and Daleks? +Along with the Autons and the Nestene Consciousness, what group was featured in series 2 of Doctor Who? +In what series did the Macra and the Master appear? +What was the title of the 50th anniversary special? +What race first appeared in the show's second serial? +Who mutated the Daleks? +What is the main goal of the series? +Who mutated the Daleks? +What is their main weakness? +Who is the Doctor's archenemy? +Who is the Doctor's archenemy? +Who played the Master in the 1996 television movie of Doctor Who? +What was the name of the character that first appeared in 1971? +Who was the first actor to portray the Master? +Who provided the character's re-introduction in 2007? +What was the name of the episode in which Derek Jacobi provided a re-introduction? +When was the episode "Dark Water" aired? +What is the feminine equivalent of "Master"? +Who plays this incarnation? +Who composed the original theme? +Where did Delia Derbyshire work? +What technique were the parts built up using? +How many times did the theme tune up to the end of season? +What did Grainer ask Grainer? +Who recorded the arrangement for season 18 of The Trial of a Time Lord? +Who recorded the serial The Trial of a Time Lord? +When did the Doctor's era end? +Who provided a new arrangement for the Christmas Invasion? +What was the name of the 2005 episode that featured samples from the 1963 original? +What was the name of the 2007 Christmas special episode? +What is Classic FM's Hall of Fame? +In what year did Gold return as composer for "Voyage of the Damned"? +Where did the theme tune chart in 2011? +Who was the composer for the 2010 episode of "Voyage of the Damned"? +Who played the Third Doctor? +What group released a disco version of the theme in 1978? +What number did Mankind's disco version of the theme reach in the UK? +What was the name of the single released by Justified Ancients of Mu Mu in 1988? +What was the name of the single released by Justified Ancients of Mu Mu in 1988? +Who was the most frequent musical contributor during the first 15 years? +What was Simpson's first Doctor Who score? +In what decade did Simpson write music for Doctor Who? +What was Simpson's first Doctor Who score? +What movie did he cameo in? +Who performed the incidental music for the 2005 revived series? +Who performed the incidental music for the 2005 revived series? +On what date was a Doctor Who Prom celebrated? +What was the name of the specially filmed mini-episode? +Who composed the incidental music for the 2005 revived series? +How many soundtrack releases have been released since 2005? +What was the name of the first two series? +The fourth edition of The Next Doctor to End of Time contained music from what years? +What was the name of the 2010 Christmas special? +When was the soundtrack for Series 5 released? +What was the original logo used for? +What was removed from the logo for the Twelfth Doctor? +What is the primary logo used for? +When was the Third Doctor's logo used? +Who was the Eleventh Doctor in the 50th anniversary special? +Who was assassinated on the day of the first episode of Doctor Who? +On what channel did Doctor Who first appear? +In what decade did Tom Baker occasionally draw audiences of over 12 million? +When was the "Dalekmania" period? +On what channel are episodes of Doctor Who repeated? +When did the ITV network strike occur? +In what decade did the BBC suspend the show? +What was the most popular soap opera at the time? +What was Coronation Street the most popular show at the time? +When was the revival of the series? +Which PBS station broadcast The Five Doctors on 23 November 1983? +In what country was Silver Nemesis broadcast? +Where was the 1996 television film premièred? +How long did it take for the film to be shown on CITV? +On what date did The Five Doctors debut? +Who runs ABC's Australian show? +How much funding did the ABC provide for The Five Doctors? +Along with BBC UKTV, SF, and SyFy, on what channel have repeats of classic and modern series been shown? +What are the weekly screenings of on ABC? +On what channel did the modern series first run? +In what year didTVOntario pick up The Three Doctors? +What was the name of the show that aired from 1976 to 1991? +Where did the series move to in 2009? +What show was cancelled due to accusations that it was racist? +Who bookended TVO airings from 1979 to 1981? +Who recorded special video introductions for each episode? +What documentary was played over the closing credits of the Canadian broadcast? +What episode of Doctor Who aired on December 26, 2005? +When did CBC begin airing series two? +What day was the CFL double header on? +In which countries are serials available on DVD? +How many original series serials have been released on Laserdisc? +What episode of Doctor Who was released on VCD? +What was the name of the 1970 story released on Blu-ray? +When was Spearhead from Space released? +Who played the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday? +What was the name of the play in which Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker played the Doctor? +What was the name of Terry Nation's play? +What was the name of the episode in which Trevor Martin played the Daleks? +Who played the Doctor? +What was the name of the BBC spin-off series created by Russell T Davies? +On what date did the series debut? +In what year did a second series of Torchwood air? +What was the name of the third series? +What is the name of the fourth series of Torchwood? +Who starred in the Sarah Jane Adventures? +When did a full series of The Sarah Jane Adventures begin? +In what year did David Tennant appear as the Tenth Doctor? +In what year did Matt Smith appear as the Eleventh Doctor? +Who died in the fifth series? +What was the name of the charity special for Children in Need? +For what charity special was Dimensions in Time produced? +What soap opera did EastEnders crossover with? +What did the Pulfrich effect require? +What effect did the 3D system use? +Which Doctor Who special was made for Comic Relief? +How many segments were in the parody? +Who is the Doctor? +Who played Joanna Lumley? +Who was Steven Moffat later to be? +What is another name for The Next Generation? +Along with "Blue Harvest" and "420," what episode of Family Guy featured Doctor Who? +What was the name of the Channel 4 series that featured Vince? +Who is the main character on Coupling? +Along with Brisingr and High Wizardry, what is a notable young adult fantasy novel? +What was the earliest Doctor Who-related audio release? +How long was the earliest Doctor Who-related audio release? +What was the name of the first original Doctor Who audio released on LP? +In what year was State of Decay released? +What was the name of the first radio drama transmitted? +What was the earliest name of the Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Doctors? +What was the name of the 2013 series that featured the Doctors? +Who released several different series of Doctor Who audios in 1999? +In what year did Big Finish Productions release several different series of Doctor Who audios? +When did Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor begin appearing for Big Finish? +In what year did the Virgin New Adventures line of original fiction begin? +When were Doctor Who books published? +When was Doctor Who Magazine first published? +Who publishes Doctor Who Adventures? +Who published a new range of novels in 2005? +When was the Doctor Who character created? +Who created the Doctor Who character? +Who has expressed distaste for the idea of canonicity? +Who produces television episodes? +In what year did the show win the British Academy Television Award? +When did the award for Best Drama Series take place? +When did Matt Smith become the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award? +Who was the first Doctor to receive a BAFTA Television Award? +What award did Michelle Gomez receive for her work as Missy? +What is the longest running science fiction television show in the world? +Who was honored with an Institutional Peabody in 2013? +What type of music did the BBC use during its original run? +In what year did the Peabody Awards recognize Doctor Who? +What was the largest ever simulcast of a TV drama? +Which season of the show won a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award? +Who was voted the "Best Popular Drama" in 1996? +Where was Doctor Who ranked in the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century? +What magazine published the Greatest UK Science Fiction and Fantasy Television Series Ever? +How many episodes did EastEnders and Casualty have? +What is the highest-profile and most prestigious British television award for which the series has ever been nominated? +How many BAFTA TV Awards has Best Drama Series won? +How many wins did the BAFTA Cymru Awards have? +In what year was Doctor Who voted the 3rd greatest show of the 2000s? +In what year did the episode "Vincent and the Doctor" win a Mind Award? +How many times has the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation been won? +How many awards has Doctor Who been nominated for? +How many awards has Doctor Who won? +Who won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television awards? +Which episode of The Doctor's Wife won in 2010? +Who invades Milligan's bathroom? +Who frequently impersonates the Fourth Doctor in the BBC Dead Ringers series? +What does Spike Milligan do in his bathroom? +Which Doctor Who show has been lampooned? +What BBC show features Jon Culshaw as the Fourth Doctor? +What type of university is the University of Chicago? +When was The College established? +How many professional schools are there at Washington University? +How many professional schools does the University have? +How many students are in the College? +What has played a major role in the development of? +Who helped develop the first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction? +Where was the first man-made self-sustaining nuclear reaction created? +What is the largest university press in the United States? +What is the estimated completion date of the Barack Obama Presidential Center? +Who founded the University of Chicago? +Who was the wealthiest man in history? +Who was the first president of the University of Chicago? +When did William Rainey Harper become the first president of the University of Chicago? +When were the first classes held at the University of Chicago? +Who donated land to the University of Chicago? +Who provided the funds for the first building? +What was the name of the first building built on the campus? +How much did Marshall Field's pledge match? +Who was the president of the board of trustees? +Along with Des Moines College, Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University, what regional college was affiliated with the University of Chicago? +In what year was Shimer College affiliated with the University of Illinois? +For how many years did a graduating senior from an affiliated school receive a grade of A? +What year did the program pass into history? +When did the program pass into history? +Who was the fifth president of Washington University? +What was the name of the liberal-arts curriculum instituted by Hutchinson? +Why did Hutchinson eliminate varsity football from Washington University? +How long was the tenure of Hutchins? +In what year did Robert Maynard Hutchins become president? +In what decade did student applications decline? +Why did student applications decline in the early 1950s? +After what year were students able to transfer automatically to the University of Chicago? +In what neighborhood did crime and poverty increase in the 1950s? +What did the early entrant program allow young students to do? +When did students occupy President George Beadle's office? +Why did students occupy President George Beadle's office? +When was the Kalven Report issued? +How long was the report? +What was the name of the two-page statement of the university's policy? +When did the University begin a number of multimillion-dollar expansion projects? +What did the University of Chicago announce in 2008? +How much will the institute cost? +Where is the Chicago Theological Seminary located? +Who donated $300 million to the Booth School of Business? +What are the first buildings of the University of Chicago campus known as? +How many quadrangles are in the Main Quadrangles? +Who designed the Main Quadrangles? +What is Oxford's Magdalen Tower modeled after? +What is another name for Hutchinson Hall? +When did the Gothic style on campus begin to give way to modern styles? +Who designed the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle? +Who designed the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle? +Which school is to become the home of the Harris School of Public Policy Studies? +When was the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center created? +Where is the Booth School of Business located? +Where is the Center in Paris located? +In what year did the University of Chicago open a center in Beijing? +Where is the Renmin University located? +In what year did the Hong Kong center open? +Who governs the University of Chicago? +How many members are on the Board of Trustees? +How many Vice Presidents are under the President? +Who is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees? +Who is the President of Washington University? +Who accredited the University of Kansas? +How many professional schools does the University of Chicago have? +How many divisions of graduate research are there at the University of Chicago? +How many minors does the College of the University of Chicago grant? +How many majors does the College of the University of Chicago grant? +How many divisions are there at Washington University? +What is the name of the division of academics that contains the Humanities Collegiate Division? +What is the core curriculum of the University of Kansas called? +How many students were in the Core classes in 2012-2013? +What type of learning experience does the University of Chicago offer? +Where is Uni in the USA located? +What is the name of the private day school in Chicago? +What is the name of the orthogenic school in Chicago? +How many public charter schools are in Chicago? +How many public charter schools does the University of Chicago operate? +Where is the Hyde Park Day School located? +How many libraries are in the University of Chicago Library system? +How many volumes does the University of Chicago Library contain? +What is the name of the university's main library? +When was the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library built? +How many volumes are in the John Crerar Library? +How many research centers does the University of Kansas operate? +How many research institutes does the University of Kansas operate? +What is the name of the museum and research center for Near Eastern studies? +What particle physics laboratory does Argonne have a joint stake in? +Where is the Apache Point Observatory located? +What is the name of the school of economics founded by Milton Friedman? +What was the name of the first self-sustained man-made nuclear reaction? +What was the name of the chemical experiment that tested how life originated on early Earth? +In what year wasREM sleep discovered at the University of Kansas? +When was the doctorate offered in music composition? +In what year did the University offer a master of fine arts in visual arts? +In what year did Cinema & Media studies begin? +In what year was theater & performance studies released? +How many major and non-major undergraduates enroll annually in creative and performing arts classes? +How many students attended the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014? +How many students attended the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014? +How many students attended the University of Chicago in the fall quarter of 2014? +How many students attended the University of Chicago in the fall of 2014? +What percentage of students were domestic ethnic minorities in 2012? +What does UAA stand for? +What NCAA division do the Maroons compete in? +What is the name of the conference that Northwestern was a founding member of? +Who was the first winner of the Heisman Trophy? +Who de-emphasized varsity athletics in 1939? +How many clubs and organizations run at the University of Chicago? +What are the clubs and organizations at the University of Chicago known as? +What is the name of the University of Chicago College Bowl Team? +What is the name of the longest continuously running student film society? +Where is the student improvisational theater troupe South Side Weekly located? +What are the members of the Student Government? +Who is in charge of the Executive Committee? +How many Vice Presidents are in the Executive Committee? +What is the annual budget of the University of Kansas? +How many fraternities are at the University of Chicago? +How many fraternities are at the University of Chicago? +What is the name of the community service fraternity at the University of Chicago? +What is the name of the community service fraternity at the University of Chicago? +How many fraternities form the University of Chicago Interfraternity Council? +When is the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt held? +When was the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt held? +What does FOTA stand for? +What is the name of the winter festival held at the university? +What is the name of the summer carnival and concert held at Washington University? +Who is the Microsoft CEO? +Who is the third richest man in America? +Who is the third richest man in America? +Who is the former Governor of New Jersey? +Who was the author of the first management accounting textbook? +Who was the founder of modern community organizing? +Who is Obama's political advisor? +Which federal judge graduated from Washington University? +Who was the first female African-American Senator? +Which Prohibition agent graduated from Washington University? +Who wrote 'The Closing of the American Mind'? +Who is a notable alumni of Stanford University? +Who is the author of the New York Times bestseller Before I Fall? +Who wrote 'The Good War'? +Who wrote 'The Closing of the American Mind'? +Who is a notable minimalist composer? +Who is the developer of Halo? +What is the name of Bungie's video game series? +Who won the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism in 2014? +Who is the director of the film Life Itself? +Who was a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life? +Which NASA astronaut graduated from the University of Kansas? +What famous environmentalist graduated from Washington University? +Who created the Hamming Code? +Who developed the uranium-lead dating method? +Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences? +Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences? +Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences? +Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences? +Who discovered the fossil of a female hominid australopithecine? +Who was the chess grandmaster? +Who was the White House Coordinator of Security Planning for the National Security Council? +Who created the speed of light calculator? +Who created the Compton Effect? +Who was the father of the hydrogen bomb? +Who introduced the quark? +Who was the second female Nobel laureate? +Which Egyptologist has been a member of the faculty? +Which mathematician has been a faculty member at the University of Kansas? +Which meteorologist has been a faculty member at the University of Kansas? +Who is a Nobel Prize winner? +Which cancer researchers have been on the faculty? +Who is the current governor of India's central bank? +Who is the 74th US Secretary of the Treasury? +Who is a Shakespeare scholar? +Along with John Mearsheimer and Robert Pape, who is a notable political scientist? +Along with Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno, who is a notable paleontologist? +Who was the leader of the Yuan dynasty? +What was the official name of the Yuan dynasty? +Who led the Mongolian Borjigin clan? +Who led the Mongolian Borjigin clan? +In what year did Kublai Khan proclaim the Mongols dynasty? +The Yuan dynasty is considered to be a successor to what? +What dynasty followed the Song dynasty? +What dynasty followed the Song dynasty? +Who was Kublai Khan's grandfather? +In what year did Kublai Khan impose the name Great Yuan? +What is the name of the section regarding Qián? +What is another name for Dai Ön Ulus? +What does Yeke Mongghul Ulus mean? +What is another name for the Empire of the Great Khan? +Who united the Mongol and Turkic tribes? +In what year did Genghis Khan become Great Khan? +Who was Genghis' third son? +In what year did Möngke Khan become Great Khan? +Who offered Kublai a position? +What group did many Han Chinese and Khitan fight against? +Who commanded the 3 Tumens in the Mongol army? +Who commanded the 3 Tumens? +How many troops were in each Tumen? +How many Tumens were in the Mongol army? +Who lived in the Jin dynasty? +What dynasty did Shi Tianze live in? +Along with Han and Jurchen, what two people were common at this time? +Who was Shi Bingzhi's father? +What dynasty did Chagaan and Zhang Rou attack? +Who started a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty in southern China? +Where did Möngke Khan begin his military campaign? +In what year did he die? +Who was Kublai's brother? +What name did Zhongtong adopt? +Who is the leader of Ogedei? +Where did the Song dynasty remain an obstacle? +Who was the ruler of Korea in 1259? +Where did Kublai secure the border? +In what year did the revolt begin? +What was the goal of Kublai's government? +What was the local administrative structure of past Chinese dynasties? +What was the lowest rank in Yuan society? +How many classes did Yuan society have? +What were the traditional monopolies on? +Where was the Mongol capital moved to? +Where was Karakorum located? +In what year did Kublai readied the move to Khanbaliq? +What was the name of the former Jurchen capital? +What rituals did Khublai follow? +Along with commercial, scientific, and cultural growth, what did Kublai Khan promote? +Pax Mongolica enabled the spread of what? +Where did Kublai expand the Grand Canal? +Where was Daidu located? +Who wrote the most influential European account of Yuan China? +Who appointed Kong Duanyou as Duke Yansheng? +When did the Jin dynasty begin? +When did the Jin dynasty end? +Who was Kong Duanyou's brother? +How many Confucius's descendants live in Quzhou? +Where did Kublai strengthen his government? +When did Kublai besieged Xiangyang? +Where did Kublai capture Xiangyang? +What is the Song capital of Hangzhou? +What happened to the last Song emperor? +When did Kublai's government face financial difficulties? +Why did Kublai's second invasion of Japan fail? +Which dynasty defeated the Mongols at the Battle of B��ch Đằng? +What battle did the Tran dynasty defeat the Mongols at? +When was the Battle of Bạch Đằng fought? +In what year was Dali conquered? +Who was Kublai's eldest son? +When did Zhenjin die? +Who was Temür Khan? +When did Temür Khan rule? +Who was the fourth Yuan emperor? +What did Kublai actively support? +Who was a Confucian academic? +What department was liquidated? +When were traditional imperial examinations reintroduced for prospective officials? +Who was Ayurbarwada's successor? +When did Emperor Gegeen Khan rule? +Who was the new grand chancellor? +What did Da Yuan Tong Zhi mean? +How many princes were involved in the coup? +Where did Yesün Temür die? +What was the civil war against Ragibagh known as? +How long did Kusala die? +Who recalled Tugh Temür to Khanbaliq? +Who was recalled to Khanbaliq by El Temür? +What is Tugh Temür known for? +What was the name of the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature? +When was the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature established? +What was the name of the institutional compendium compiled by the academy? +What religion did Tugh Temür support? +In what year did Tugh Temür die? +What was Rinchinbal's title? +How old was Tugh Temür when he died? +How many years did Toghun Temür rule? +Which dynasties were completed in 1345? +What were the final years of the Yuan dynasty marked by? +What did Mongols see the Mongols as? +Who was separated from the army? +Outlaws ravaged the country without interference from what? +What was China's government not interested in? +When did people in the countryside suffer from frequent natural disasters? +What Rebellion started in 1351? +Why was Toghtogha dismissed? +Who led a large army to crush the Red Turban rebels? +When did the Míng dynasty rule? +The political unity of China and much of central Asia promoted trade between what two countries? +Along with West Asian and European contacts, what did the Mongols have? +What was the name of the dynasty's ally in Persia? +Along with carrots, turnips, and melons, what Eastern crop was introduced during the Yuan dynasty? +What type of instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts? +Along with Nestorianism and Roman Catholicism, what religion enjoyed a period of toleration? +Along with Tibetan Buddhism, what religion flourished in the Yuan government? +What court reinstated governmental practices and examinations based on the Classics? +Along with travel literature, cartography, geography, and scientific education, what field of study was realized? +Who was the most famous traveler of the period? +What was the capital of the Great Khan? +What is another name for Il milione? +What was the name of the account of Marco Polo's travels? +How did Marco Polo acquire much of his knowledge? +Who was tasked with many public works projects and helped the Yuan reform the lunisolar calendar? +How many seconds off the modern Gregorian calendar was the lunisolar calendar? +What type of granaries were ordered throughout the empire? +What city was rebuilt with new palace grounds? +What was the name of the major food crop introduced to China? +Who ruled all of China during the Yuan dynasty? +What is the Eternal Heaven worshipped by Mongols? +Which dynasty is considered to be the legitimate dynasty between the Yuan dynasty and the Ming dynasty? +Which dynasty is considered to be the legitimate dynasty between the Song dynasty and the Yuan dynasty? +What did Chinese people consider the Yuan dynasty to be? +Along with the Han Chinese, Khitans, Jurchens, Mongols, and Tibetan Buddhists, who was a part of Kublai Khan's bureaucracy? +What dynasties did Tang, Song, and Jurchen Jin belong to? +What Chinese advisers gave strong influence to Kublai? +What was the traditional Chinese division of authority called? +Along with civil, military, and censorial offices, what office of the Chinese government was responsible for civil affairs? +Where did the military authority in Yuan times reside? +When were the Six Ministries introduced? +Who had separate courts of justice? +What was the insignificance of the Ministry of War? +When was the Phags-pa script invented? +Along with Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese, what languages were used in the Phags-pa script? +Most Emperors could not master what? +Who was the reign of Tugh Temur? +Who was Tugh Temur? +In what year did the Mongols begin selling their children into slavery? +When did Kublai forbade the sale of Mongols abroad? +What did the Mongol garrison family get from the harvests? +Along with painting, mathematics, calligraphy, poetry, and theater, what was one of the areas of development during the Yuan era? +Along with painting, poetry, and calligraphy, what type of art came together during this time? +What dynasty is linked together with the Yuan dynasty? +What was the main development of Yuan poetry? +What was one of the key factors in the mix of the variety show? +The Yuan dynasty never converted to what religion? +What variants of Buddhism did Kublai Khan favor? +What religion was established as the de facto state religion? +What is the name of the top-level government agency? +What sect of Tibetan Buddhism did Kublai Khan belong to? +When was Zhu Shijie born? +When did Zhu Shijie die? +The rectangular array of coefficients are equivalent to what modern matrices? +Advances in what were made by mathematicians during the Yuan era? +When was the Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns written? +What did Guo Shoujing apply to the construction of calendars? +What did Gou derive for his astronomical calculations? +What was the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty? +What was the Shoushi Li? +In what year was the Shoushi Li calendar disseminated? +What were non-Mongol physicians called? +What did the Mongols use to characterize otachi doctors? +What kind of cures did Mongol shamanism offer? +Who created the Imperial Academy of Medicine? +Why were Confucian scholars attracted to the medical profession? +How many schools were based on the same intellectual foundation? +Where did the Chinese medical tradition come from? +Who brought Chinese physicians along to military campaigns? +What Chinese medical techniques were transmitted westward to the Middle East and the rest of the empire? +When did Wei Yilin die? +What is another name for huihui? +Who founded the Office of Western Medicine? +When was the Office of Western Medicine founded? +Why did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine? +What philosophy did Chinese physicians oppose? +Who transferred Chinese printing technology to the Mongols? +Who wrote some Yuan documents? +When was earthenware movable type invented? +What was the name of the Taoist text inscribed with? +When was the Imperial Library Directorate created? +What was the paper money of the Yuan called? +How were chao made? +In what year did the Yuan government switch to bronze plates? +What did the Yuan government use to print paper money? +In what year did the Il-khanate government issue paper money? +What type of feudalism did Kublai Khan compromise with? +What type of system did Kublai Khan compromise with? +Where were the Mongols and Semuren from? +What coloration did the Yuan regime have? +Where did Persians reach the highest post in the government? +Who did the Mongols import to serve as administrators in China? +Who did the Mongols send from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara? +Where were the Han Chinese moved to? +What did the Mongols work as? +What is a Qara-Khitay? +What type of slaughter did the Yuan Emperors restrict? +What type of butchering did the Yuan Emperors restrict? +Who was the founder of the Ming? +What could the Chinese surname "barracks" mean? +What class of Muslims revolted against the Yuan dynasty? +Who wrote that the usage of the term "social classes" for this system was misleading? +What did the four-class system entailed? +What were the rich and well socially standing? +How were people who lived in poverty treated? +Which Chinese fought to the last before caving in? +Which Chinese fought to the last before caving? +Why were the Southern Chinese ranked lower? +The earlier they surrendered to the Mongols, the higher they were placed in what ranking? +Along with private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants, what group of merchants was favorable during this era? +Who surrendered to the Mongols first? +Who was the Karluk Kara-Khanid ruler? +Who did Kublai Khan rebuked? +How did the Uighurs surrender? +What was the most important region of the dynasty? +Who governed the Central Region? +Where was the Central Secretariat located? +Where is Khanbaliq located? +What is another name for the Central Secretariat? +Where is Kenya located? +What does EAC stand for? +What is Kenya's largest city? +What country borders South Sudan to the south? +How many people lived in Kenya in July 2014? +Where does Kenya have a warm and humid climate? +What is the climate like in Nairobi? +What mountain has snow permanently on its peaks? +Which two countries border the north-eastern regions of Somalia? +What is Kenya known for? +When was the African Great Lakes region inhabited by humans? +When did the Bantu expansion reach the area from West-Central Africa? +What are the populations of Bantu and Nilotic? +When did European exploration of the interior begin? +When did Kenya obtain independence? +What mountain is the Republic of Kenya named after? +What words mean "God's resting place" in all three languages? +What does Kiinyaa mean in all three languages? +Who recorded the name Kenia? +What is a very precise notation of? +Who drew the 1882 map? +In what year did Thompsons draw a map of Kenya? +What are the "Big Five" game animals? +What are the "Big Five" game animals of Africa? +Where are the "Big Five" game animals located? +When does the annual animal migration occur? +How far do wildebeest migrate? +How long ago did primates roamed the area? +Where did Homo habilis live? +Who discovered the Turkana Boy? +How old was the Turkana Boy? +Who were responsible for preliminary archaeological research at Olorgesailie and Hyrax Hill? +Who built Mombasa into a major port city? +What city did the Swahili build into a major port city? +Who claimed that "Mombasa has a good harbour in which there are always moored small craft of many kinds and also great ships? +Which coast has played host to many merchants and explorers? +What is the name of the city that line the Kenyan coast? +When did Mombasa become dominant in the African Great Lakes region? +When did World War I begin? +The governors of British East Africa and what other country agreed to a truce? +Who took command of the German military? +What did von Lettow do? +Where did he surrender? +How many people lived in the central highlands? +What did the Kikuyu live as? +What did the settlers give to the landless? +How many white settlers lived in Kenya in the 1950s? +When was Warũhiũ Itote captured? +What did the interrogation of Warũhiũ Itote lead to? +When did Operation Anvil open? +How many Mau Mau were killed by the Home Guard? +What plan was used to reward loyalists and punish Mau Mau? +In what year did the first direct elections for the Legislative Council take place? +Who formed the government of Kenya? +When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya come to an end? +When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya come to an end? +What was the name of the republic that Kenya became in 1964? +What was the mlolongo system? +What did the agitation lead to? +Who won re-election in 1992 and 1997? +What type of republic is Kenya? +What two positions does the President hold? +Who exercises executive power? +Legislative power is vested in which two bodies? +What is independent of the executive and the legislature? +What does CPI stand for? +What doesCPI attempt to gauge? +Where did the nation place in the CPI in 2012? +What does EACC stand for? +What political party did Kibaki belong to? +What opposition party did Kibaki belong to? +Why did Kibaki overtake his opponent? +Who was the ODM-K candidate? +What did the government and civil society organisations do to avoid similar disasters in the future? +What is the name of the commission that started community dialogues? +What church started peace meetings in Kenya? +What did the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya start? +On what date did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement? +What position did Odinga hold in Kenya? +Who would the president appoint cabinet ministers from? +How would the president appoint cabinet ministers? +If either of the parties withdraw from the deal before then, what happens to the coalition? +Who has the power to co-ordinate and supervise the functions of the Government? +Who was the African Union chairman? +Where was the signing ceremony held? +When did representatives of PNU and ODM begin working on the finer details of the power-sharing agreement? +How would the two political parties share power? +A constitutional change would eliminate what position? +When was the referendum to vote on the proposed constitution held? +What does the new constitution give Kenyans? +On what date was the oath promulgated? +What was the new constitution heralding? +When was the Security Laws Amendment Bill signed? +What was the Security Laws Amendment Bill meant to guard against? +How many Western countries criticized the security bill? +What did opposition politicians argue the security bill infringed on? +Along with the United States, Britain, Germany and France, what country issued a statement about the law? +In what year did the International Criminal Court trial begin? +Who chose not to visit Kenya during his mid-2013 African trip? +What country did Kenyatta visit in the summer? +When did Obama visit Kenya? +Where are the armed forces deployed? +What was the aftermath of the national elections? +What have there been serious allegations of? +What is the name of the military in Kenya? +Why have the operations of the armed forces been cloaked by the ubiquitous blanket of "state security"? +What were credible claims of corruption made in 2010? +What has been questioned? +Where does the Human Development Index rank in the world? +What country has the most advanced economy in east and central Africa? +What percentage of Kenyans lived on less than $1.25 a day? +What type of market is Kenya usually classified as? +What type of activity has East and Central Africa's biggest economy been boosted by? +What is an important catalyst of economic growth? +Along with Industry and manufacturing, what sector accounts for 16% of the GDP? +What percentage of the labour force is employed by the unreliable agricultural sector? +What percentage of Kenya's GDP comes from the services sector? +What sector dominates the services sector in Kenya? +What sector has exhibited steady growth in most years since independence? +What are the main attractions for tourists in Namibia? +What two countries have the largest number ofTourists? +What percentage of GDP did agriculture account for in 2005? +What are the principal cash crops? +What is the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product? +What type of fluctuation affects the production of major food staples? +Who led the consortium that helped farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties? +What type of peas are drought resistant? +How did successful projects stimulate the growth of local seed production? +What was the name of the project that linked producers to wholesalers? +What has the commercialisation of the pigeon pea enabled farmers to do? +Where are tea, coffee, sisal, pyrethrum, and wheat grown? +What are some of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa? +What savanna is to the north and east of the savanna? +What percentage of the population lives below the poverty line? +What was the name of the initiative by the Red Cross? +How much of Kenya's GDP is made up of manufacturing? +What percentage of Kenya's GDP is made up of manufacturing? +What are the three largest urban centres in Kenya? +Along with household goods, motor-vehicle parts, and farm implements, what type of goods does Jua Kali manufacture? +What is the name of the US Government's African Growth and Opportunity Act? +When did AGOA take effect? +Where does Kenya get most of its electricity? +What is the name of the dam along the Tana River? +When was Kenya Electricity Generating Company established? +Where in Kenya has proven deposits of oil? +Tullow Oil estimates Kenya's oil reserves to be how many barrels? +What is still continuing to determine if there are more reserves? +What percentage of the national import bill is petroleum accounts? +How much did Chinese investment in Kenya reach in 2012? +What is China's largest source of foreign direct investment? +What country did Kenya hope to gain support for? + Base Titanium is a subsidiary of what company? +What has China been causing? +What is the name of the economic development programme in Kenya? +By what year will Kenya be in the same league as Asian Economic Tigers? +What did the government launch in 2013? +Why was the National Climate Change Action Plan launched? +What will be a central issue in the renewed Medium Term Plan? +Most working children are active in what? +What percentage of girls in Malindi were subject to prostitution in 2006? +How old are most prostitutes in Kenya? +What are the causes of child labour? +Where do Kenya's various ethnic groups speak their mother tongues? +What are the two official languages of Swahili? +Along with commerce, schooling and government, in what areas of the world is English spoken? +Where is British English primarily used? +What is the religion of most Kenyans? +What percentage of Kenyans consider themselves Protestant? +How many followers does the Presbyterian Church of East Africa have? +Where is the only Jewish synagogue in the country? +What percentage of minorities are nonreligious? +What percentage of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region? +What religion is mostly present in the Western areas of the Coast Region? +How many Hindu people live in Kenya? +What percentage of the population visit dispensaries, health centres and private clinics? +Complicated cases are referred to as what? +How many qualified nurses were registered in Kenya in 2011? +How many nurses were registered in Kenya in 2011? +What disease directly correlates with a country's economic performance and wealth distribution? +What percentage of Kenyans live below the poverty level? +Along with malaria, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malnutrition, what disease is the biggest burden? +What are some of the causes of death in Swaziland? +How many malaria cases were there in Kenya in 2006? +Who introduced Kenya's first system of education? +When was Kenya's independence? +What was the name of the authority that was formed after Kenya's independence? +What were critical issues at the time of the commission? +What system was adopted between 1964 and 1985? +What did the Presidential Working Party on the Second University look at? +How many years in primary did the 7-4-2-3 system have? +How many years in primary did the 7-4-2-3 system have? +When did the last batch of students from the former system graduate from Kenyan Universities? +When was the current 8-4-4 system launched? +What subjects did the new structure put more emphasis on? +What did the new structure enable school drop-outs to do? +When did the Government of Kenya announce the introduction of free primary education? +How much has primary school enrolment increased? +How long does basic formal education last? +How long does basic formal education last? +What type of apprenticeship program is available in public schools? +How long does it take for a student to complete high school? +What percentage of the population is literate? +Preschool targets children from what age? +Preschool is a key requirement for what? +What does the KCPE determine? +What is the national examination at the end of Form Four? +What does KNLS stand for? +What is KNLS? +What is a public library seen as? +What is the purpose of a public library? +What are some sports in Kenya? +What is the country known for? +Which Kenyan athletes continue to dominate the world of distance running? +Along with Morocco and Ethiopia, what country has reduced Kenya's supremacy in distance running? +How many gold medals did Kenya win during the Beijing Olympics? +In what year did Kenya become Africa's most successful nation? +Who won the IAAF Golden League jackpot? +What has caused controversy in Kenyan athletics circles? +Why do most defections occur? +What sport hasKenya been a dominant force in? +What is the most successful team sport? +What year did they reach the semi-finals of the World Cup? +Who is their current captain? +When was FIFA suspended? +What is one of the toughest rallies in the world? +What is the Safari Rally known as? +Who are some of the best rally drivers? +How many meals do Kenyans typically have? +At what time of day does the tea begin? +What type of food is usually served at breakfast? +What kind of stew is Ugali usually eaten for? +The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is under the auspices of what organization? +What are the names of the two United Nations organizations that established the UNEP? +What is the goal of the UNFCCC? +What is the main international treaty on climate change? +What United Nations resolution endorsed the UNEP? +Who is the chair of the IPCC? +Who is the chair of the IPCC? +Who led the IPCC before El Gizouli? +Who was elected to the chair in 1988? +When did Rajendra K. Pachauri resign? +Who makes up the IPCC Panel? +How many people attended the 2003 meeting? +Who attended the 2003 meeting? +How many people were in attendance at Sessions? +When was the IPCC Trust Fund established? +What is the name of the organization that provides funding to the IPCC? +What organization provides the cost of housing the secretariat? +What are the Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO? +What organization is responsible for housing the secretariat? +What does the IPCC not monitor? +How doLead authors of IPCC reports assess the available information about climate change? +Authors may refer to non-peer-reviewed sources as what? +What are examples of non-peer-reviewed sources? +How many lead authors does a chapter typically have? +How many "coordinating lead authors" does a chapter typically have? +How many "lead authors" does a chapter typically have? +Who is responsible for assembling the contributions of other authors? +Who are the coordinating lead authors responsible for reporting to? +What does the executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers say is substantially increasing? +What is the result of additional warming of the Earth's surface? +How much of the enhanced greenhouse effect is attributed to CO2? +What is the name of the group that predicts that global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 °C per decade during the 21st century? +What has the global mean surface air temperature increased by? +In what year did 16 national science academies issue a joint statement on climate change? +How many national science academies issued a statement on climate change in 2001? +Who made the joint statement? +What percentage of scientists believe that temperatures will continue to rise? +What is the average global surface temperature projected to increase by by 2100? +Who has made a number of criticisms of the TAR? +What does SPM stand for? +Who was a co-chair of TAR WGI? +John Houghton was a co-chair of what? +Houghton stresses that any changes to the SPM must be supported by what? +The preparation and approval process for all IPCC Special Reports follows the same procedures as what? +In what year was the Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation finalized? +In what year was the Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation finalized? +Who requested the Special Reports? +Along with the Data Distribution Centre and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, what other organization supports the IPCC? +What are the factors used to derive emissions estimates based on? +What are default emission factors based on? +The IPCC concentrates on the tasks allotted to it by what two bodies? +The IPCC has since acknowledged that what is incorrect? +What did they express regret for? +Which report misquoted the date of 2035? +What is the name of the report that misquoted the date of 2035? +Who is the former chairman of the IPCC? +How did Watson make it seem like climate change is more serious? +What group did Martin Parry co-chair? +What did Parry say had become a clamour without substance? +How did Parry feel about the other alleged mistakes? +In what year was the third assessment report released? +Who produced the third assessment report? +What is the third assessment report called? +Who supported the MBH99 finding? +Between what years did these studies show that the current warming period is exceptional? +Who disputed the finding? +Where was the press event held? +On what date did the hearing take place? +What committee held a hearing on 18 July 2000? +Who is the chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce? +Who was the chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations? +On what date did Barton write a joint letter with Whitfield? +Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee? +Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee? +In what year was the Third Assessment Report published? +When was the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report published? +How many reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer? +The section discussed what problem affecting certain tree ring data? +How many reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer? +On what date was a study published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates proposed in 2001? +What have temperatures and sea levels been rising at or above? +What was the actual temperature rise? +What was the actual sea level rise in 2001? +What is the study on? +What are the values of 9-88 cm? +How many centimeters above 1990 levels are there? +When was the Third Assessment Report published? +What did Oppenheimer coordinate? +Who wrote State of the Planet 2008-2009? +What did Oppenheimer ask for in the Fifth Assessment Report? +What is the name of the global regulation based on? +What is one example of a global regulation based on the Montreal Protocol? +What is the lockstep situation of the IPCC? +Who is Sheldon Ungar? +What is an unsolved problem of the Kyoto Protocol? +What was the stepwise mitigation of the ozone layer challenge based on? +Who ordered the Stern Review? +What does the IPCC operate on the basis of? +What can be included between the deadline and publication of an IPCC report? +What organization does not carry out its own research? +How many climate scientists wrote in the journal Nature? +What journal did the five climate scientists write in? +What was the climate science assessment process turned into? +What did the panel remove from its processes? +What is chlorophyll's main role? +What does chlorophyll capture? +What does chlorophyll capture? +What is the process of making organic molecules from carbon dioxide called? +How many chloroplasts are in algae? +How many times do chloroplasts pinch in two to reproduce? +Along with light color and intensity, what environmental factors influence the behavior of animals? +What do chloroplasts contain? +What type of cell engulfed cyanobacterium? +What must be inherited by each daughter cell during cell division? +Where are chloroplasts found? +Who suggested the origin of chloroplasts? +Who suggested the origin of chloroplasts? +In what year did Mereschkowski first suggest the origin of chloroplasts? +Who observed that chloroplasts closely resemble cyanobacteria? +What are the ancestors of chloroplasts? +What is another name for blue-green algae? +How many cell membranes does gram-negative bacteria have? +What peptidoglycan is found inyanobacteria's cell wall? +What are prokaryotes sometimes called? +What type of cell did a free-living cyanobacterium enter? +When did a free-living cyanobacterium enter an early eukaryotic cell? +How many innermost lipid-bilayer membranes surround chloroplasts? +What membrane was lost from the host? +Where were many of the genes of the cyanobacterium transferred to? +What does the term plastid mean? +How many chloroplast lineages are there? +What is another name for the glaucophyte chloroplast? +What is another name for the green chloroplast? +Which lineage contains the land plants? +What is the alga Cyanophora? +What is one of the first organisms to contain a chloroplast? +What are glaucophyte chloroplasts also known as? +What is a carboxysome? +What is the carboxysome? +What are chlorophyll and phycobilins used for? +What are phycobilin pigments organized into? +What is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color? +Where do red algae catch more sunlight? +What is floridean? +What are phycobilisomes? +What are accessory pigments that override chlorophylls' green colors? +What has chloroplastidan chloroplasts lost? +In what division of plants have the genes for synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer been used? +What do glaucophyte and red algal chloroplasts contain? +What type of membrane do primary chloroplasts have? +What do secondary chloroplasts have outside of the original two? +What type of eukaryote engulfed a chloroplast-containing alga? +The phagosomal vacuole from the host's cell membrane is called what? +What part of the alga was broken down? +Where are chloroplasts derived from? +What type of protists contain chloroplasts derived from a green alga? +Euglenophyte chloroplasts are stacked in groups of how many? +What is stored in paramylon? +What part of the primary endosymbiont is lost? +What are cryptophytes? +What is the origin of the red-algal derived chloroplast? +What does Cryptophyte chloroplasts contain? +Where is ordinary starch stored? +Where are pyrenoid and thylakoids found in cryptophyte chloroplasts? +What is another name for helicosproidia? +Apicomplexans are another group of what? +What parasite does the apicomplexans include? +What is a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast? +Where are amylopectin starch granules located? +What do apicoplasts synthesize? +What are apicoplast-related diseases? +What is the most important apicoplast function? +Apicoplasts contain no photosynthetic pigments or what? +How many membranes are in the membranes? +What is not found in any other group of chloroplasts? +What is the most common dinophyte chloroplast? +What are thylakoids triplet-stacked? +What was the original cell membrane of the peridinin chloroplast? +Which lineages lost their original red algal derived chloroplast? +Which lineages lost their original red algal derived chloroplast? +How many membranes does the haptophyte chloroplast have? +How many membraned chloroplast membranes would tertiary endosymbiosis create? +Where was the chloroplast taken from? +What part of the chloroplast has been stripped? +What type of chloroplast does Dinophysis have? +How manymembraned chloroplast membranes does the cryptophyte have? +What is another name for a diatom? +What is a diatom derived from? +How many membranes are chloroplasts bounded by? +What is the entire diatom endosymbiont known as? +Where is the diatom endosymbiont starch found? +Where have the nucleomorph genes been transferred to? +What species of dinophytes lost their original peridinin chloroplast? +What replaced the original peridinin chloroplast? +What replaced the peridinin chloroplast? +What replaced the peridinin chloroplast? +Where do most chloroplasts originate from? +When did Paulinella chromatophora acquire a photosynthetic cyanobacterial endosymbiont? +How many base pairs long is Chromatophore DNA? +How many base pairs long is chloroplast DNA? +How many base pairs long is the Synechococcus genome? +What is another name for ctDNA? +What is another name for the plastome? +In what year was chloroplast DNA first sequenced? +In what year was the chloroplast DNA sequenced? +Who sequenced the chloroplast DNA of liverwort and tobacco? +What are highly conserved among land plants? +What is another name for inverted repeats? +What do inverted repeats help stabilize? +How have scientists tried to observe chloroplast replication? +How many main models have been proposed for chloroplast DNA replication? +What is another name for a theta intermediary form? +What is a Cairns replication intermediate also known as? +How does the D-loop complete replication? +What are the gradients in cpDNA? +When does DNA become susceptible to deamination events? +A second theory suggests that most cpDNA is what? +How do cpDNA replicates? +Where is most of the genetic material kept? +What is the name of the bacteriophage similar to? +What is a competing model for cpDNA replication? +If the branched and complex structures seen in cpDNA experiments are real and not artifacts of concatenated what? +How do most cpDNA replicates? +What is how we know about chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages? +What is the evidence of the chloroplast's existence? +What is a red algal derived chloroplast? +What did the green algal derived chloroplast replace at some point? +What did most chloroplast genes become? +How many protein products of transferred genes aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast? +What new functions did exaptations take on? +How do you reach the chloroplast from the cytosol? +Where is chloroplast polypeptide synthesized? +Where is a chloroplast polypeptide synthesized? +Phosphorylation helps many proteins bind what? +What does phosphorylation help keep the polypeptide from folding prematurely? +What shape are chloroplasts generally? +How large are chloroplasts in land plants? +How thick are chloroplasts in land plants? +What shape can a chloroplast be? +What is a chloroplast shaped like? +What are chloroplasts surrounded by? +What does the outer chloroplast membrane surround? +What are chloroplast membranes considered to be? +What double membrane is often compared to the mitochondrial double membrane? +What is the inner mitochondria membrane used for? +What does the inner mitochondria membrane generate? +What is the only chloroplast structure that can be considered analogous to it? +What is the inner chloroplast membrane? +What is very rare in chloroplasts? +What is a stromule? +Why do chloroplast's surface area increase? +When were stromules first observed? +Where is it often found? +Along with angiosperms and gymnosperms, what type of plant has it been found in? +What is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum? +What is the purpose of the chloroplast? +What space do small vesicles shuttle stuff between? +How much of their proteins are ribosomes? +What is the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes? +What is the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes? +What motif does small subunit ribosomal RNAs lack? +Small subunit ribosomal RNAs are essential for what? +What is plastoglobulus sometimes spelled? +What are plastoglobuli? +What are plastoglobuli? +How many nanometers across are plastoglobuli? +What is surrounded by the lipid monolayer? +Where are plastoglobuli permanently attached? +What network does a plastoglobulus exchange its contents with? +How are plastoglobuli attached to their parent? +Where do plastoglobuli occur? +What are pyrenoids? +What shape are pyrenoids? +How are pyrenoids refractive? +Pyrenoids are a site of what? +How can pyrenoids be produced? +What is the helical thylakoid model? +What shape are granal thylakoids? +How many thylakoids are in a granum? +How many thylakoids are common in grana? +What are helicoid stromal thylakoids? +What do carotenoids absorb? +What do carotenoids absorb? +What do chlorophyll and carotenoids do? +Where do hydrogen ions pump into the thylakoid space? +ATP synthase is like what? +How many types of thylakoids are there? +Where aregranal thylakoids arranged? +What are stromal thylakoids in contact with? +What shape are granal thylakoids? +How many nanometers in diameter are Granal thylakoids? +How many photosynthetic carotenoids are there? +What does chlorophyll green help transfer? +What color of plants sometimes override the chlorophyll green? +What color is β-carotene? +What color are Xanthophylls? +What is the third group of pigments found in cyanobacteria? +What color is glaucophyte? +What color algae is phycoerytherin? +How many nanometers across are phycobilisomes? +How many nanometers across are phycobilisomes? +What enzyme does chloroplasts use to fix carbon dioxide into sugar molecules? +Rubisco has trouble distinguishing between what two elements? +What does rubisco accidentally add to sugar precursors? +What cycle uses rubisco? +What is the end result of ATP energy being wasted? +What are chloroplasts specialized for? +What is rubisco? +What are normal grana and thylakoids? +What is C4 photosynthesis? +What does bundle sheath chloroplasts make? +What part of a plant contains chloroplasts? +What makes the photosynthetic parts of a plant green? +What are parenchyma cells? +Where can chloroplasts be found? +What does a chlorenchyma cell contain? +Where are chloroplasts found in cacti? +Where are chloroplasts found in most plants? +How many chloroplasts does stomatal guard cells contain? +How many chloroplasts can one square millimeter of leaf tissue contain? +Where are chloroplasts mainly found? +In what type of conditions will a sheet of light be spread out? +Under what type of light will plants seek shelter? +What kind of damage does photooxidative damage prevent? +Why do land plants have many small chloroplasts? +What have been observed to follow chloroplasts as they move? +How many immune responses do plants have? +What is the hypersensitive response? +What is systemic acquired resistance? +How do chloroplasts stimulate their photosynthetic system? +What type of species does chloroplasts produce? +Along with salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, what type of molecules are produced by chloroplasts? +What might be due to a pathogen? +What does reactive oxygen species pass on their signal to? +Where does the chloroplast regulate gene expression? +What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy called? +What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy called? +How does chloroplast produce food? +What two elements are used in photosynthesis? +What are sugar and oxygen used for? +What do chloroplasts use to generate ATP energy? +Where are hydrogen ions in the thylakoid system? +How many times more hydrogen ions are in the thylakoid system? +What does ATP synthase do? +What is another name for ATP? +How are reenergized electrons taken? +What is it called when electrons are recycled? +Where is cyclic photophosphorylation common? +What do C4 plants need more ATP than? +What enzyme is used to fix CO2? +What do unstable six-carbon molecules do? +What are the three-carbon molecules that break down into? +What percentage of G3P molecules are recycled back into RuBP? +What can be linked together to make starch? +Under what conditions may starch grains grow very large? +What are the grana and thylakoids distorting? +What can cause starch buildup in chloroplasts? +What is a side effect of low photosynthesis rates? +Rubisco can accidentally add what instead of CO2 to RuBP? +When canPhotorespiration occur? +What does the process of photosynthesis produce? +How much carbon can the Calvin cycle waste? +What kind of dimorphism do chloroplasts exhibit in C4 plants? +Where do chloroplasts make almost all of a plant cell's amino acids? +What sulfur-containing amino acids are found in chloroplasts? +Why does Cysteine have trouble crossing membranes? +Where does the organelle carry out the last leg of the pathway? +What kind of organelle is a plastid? +Where are undifferentiated proplastids found? +Where are proplastids commonly found? +What is the formation of starch-storing amyloplasts? +Proplastids may develop into what stage before becoming chloroplasts? +What does an etioplast lack? +What is an etioplast's inner membrane called? +What is the color of the chlorophyll precursor in etioplasts? +What do Gymnosperms not require to form chloroplasts? +What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for? +What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for? +What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for? +What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for? +What type of plastids can turn back into proplastids? +What do the proteins FtsZ1 and Fts Z2 assemble into? +Which proteins assemble into filaments? +What structure does ARC6 form? +Where is the Z-ring located? +What system manages the placement of the Z-ring? +What are plastid-dividing rings? +How many plastid-dividing rings are there? +How many nanometers across is the chloroplast? +How long are the filaments in the chloroplast? +What kind of ring do chloroplasts have? +What has been shown to be a requirement for chloroplast division? +What type of light does chloroplasts require to complete division? +What shape are chloroplasts on Spinach leaves? +What color light do chloroplasts require to complete division? +How can transgenes in chloroplasts be disseminated? +What does plastid transformation pose? +What is the failed containment rate of transplastomic plants? +What is the failed containment rate of tobacco plants? +What is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1? +What is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number called? +What establishes the central role of primes in number theory? +Any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as what? +Why can one include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization? +What is the property of being prime called? +What is a simple but slow method of verifying the primality of a given number? +What test is fast but has a small probability of error? +What test always produces the correct answer in polynomial time? +What is the largest known prime number? +How many primes are there? +Who demonstrated that primes are infinitely many? +How can the distribution of primes be modelled? +What is the first result in that direction? +When was the prime number theorem proven? +What conjecture states that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes? +What conjecture states that there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2? +Along with analytic and algebraic aspects, what aspect of number theory did number theory focus on? +What does public-key cryptography use? +What are prime elements and prime ideals? +What is not prime? +What are the three distinct divisors? +What term refers to any prime number greater than 2? +All prime numbers larger than 5 end in what number? +What are multiples of 2? +Most early Greeks did not consider what to be a number? +Who listed 1 as the first prime? +Who was the first prime? +How many primes were on Derrick Norman Lehmer's list? +What does 1 form in its own special category? +What theorem would not hold as stated? +A modified version of the sieve that considers 1 as prime would eliminate all multiples of what? +What is Euler's totient function? +What is another name for Euler's totient function? +A modified version of the sieve that considers 1 as prime would eliminate all multiples of what? +What papyrus has different forms for primes and composites? +Where do the earliest records of the explicit study of prime numbers come from? +What book contains important theorems about primes? +What is Euclid? +What is the Sieve of Eratosthenes? +In what year did Pierre de Fermat state his little theorem? +Who proved Fermat's little theorem? +What are Fermat numbers? +What primes did Marin Mersenne look at? +What did Fermat verify? +What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer? +If a complete list of primes up to is known, what can be used? +What does the routine consist of dividing by each integer m? +How many divisions are necessary to check primality of 37? +What is the square root of n? +What are the two main classes of modern primality tests? +What are the two main classes of modern primality tests? +What are the two main classes of modern primality tests for general numbers? +What are the two main classes of modern primality tests for general numbers? +What is the probability that our number is composite? +What test relies on the fact that np≡n (mod p) for any n if p is a prime number? +What does the Fermat primality test rely on? +What are the Carmichael numbers? +What is a powerful extension of the Fermat primality test? +What tests are guaranteed to fail at least some of the time when applied to a composite number? +What are Sophie Germain primes? +What is an arbitrary prime? +What test is particularly fast for numbers of this form? +What are the primes of the form 2p + 1 with p prime? +What primes are of the form 2p + 1? +Some primes have been found using what? +In what year was the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project awarded a prize? +How much did the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project win? +What organization offers primes with 100 million digits? +What are some possible primes within the interval? +What does the floor function represent? +Who disproved Bertrand's postulate? +What is a natural number n > 3? +What does Bertrand's postulate state? +What is Wilson's theorem based on? +What is their greatest common divisor? +What asserts that the progression contains infinitely many primes? +What is the density of all primes congruent a modulo 9? +The rows starting with a = 3, 6, or 9 contain at most what? +How many prime numbers are in all other rows? +What function is closely related to prime numbers? +What would ζ(1) have if there were only finitely many primes? +How many primes are there? +What does diverges mean? +What is the Basel problem? +When did the Riemann hypothesis date from? +Which zeroes of the ζ-function have real part equal to 1/2? +Where does the irregularity in the distribution of primes come from? +What is the asymptotic distribution? +What is the asymptotic distribution? +What conjecture asserts that every even integer n greater than 2 can be written as a sum of two primes? +In what year were Landau's problems solved? +All numbers up to n = 2 · 1017 are verified for what? +What theorem says that every sufficiently large odd integer can be written as a sum of three primes? +What says that every sufficiently large even number can be expressed as the sum of a prime and a semiprime? +What is another term for twin prime conjecture? +How many twin primes are there? +What conjecture states that for every positive integer n, there are infinitely many pairs of consecutive primes that differ by 2n? +How many primes of the form are conjectured? +How many primes are there between the squares of consecutive primes greater than 2? +What was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics? +Which British mathematician prided themselves on doing work that had no military significance? +When were prime numbers announced? +Prime numbers are also used for what? +Prime numbers are also used for hash tables and what? +If p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, what is always always always? +What is the period of a recurring decimal? +What is divisible by p? +An integer n > 4 is composite if and only if what? +What is not a prime factor of q? +What public-key cryptography algorithms are based on large prime numbers? +What is the Diffie-Hellman key exchange? +What is typical for Diffie-Hellman? +What does the Diffie-Hellman key exchange rely on? +What primes are typical for Diffie-Hellman? +What species of cicadas use prime numbers? +What do insects spend most of their lives as? +How long do they stay in their burrows? +What makes it difficult for predators to evolve? +What is the average predator population during hypothetical outbreaks of 14- and 15-year cicadas? +What does "prime" indicate? +What is the smallest subfield of a field? +Any knot can be uniquely expressed as what? +How can an object be decomposed? +What is indecomposable in knot theory? +What is an algebraic structure? +What are irreducible elements? +What are prime elements and irreducible elements? +An element p of R is called prime element if it is neither what? +An element is irreducible if it is not what? +What theorem continues to hold in unique factorization domains? +What is the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi? +What is the set of complex numbers of the form? +The set of complex numbers of the form a + bi are what? +What are rational primes of the form? +What theory replaces the notion of number with that of ideal? +What generalize prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal? +Prime ideals are an important tool and object of study in what? +What generalizes to the Lasker-Noether theorem? +The Lasker-Noether theorem expresses every ideal in what? +What are the points of algebro-geometric objects? + factorization or ramification of prime ideals in geometry bears some resemblance to what? +Where can prime ideals be used in proving quadratic reciprocity? +What concerns the solvability of quadratic equations? +What happens when a number is multiplied by p? +Where can some arithmetic questions related to Q or more general global fields be transferred? +What yields the field of real numbers? +What principle underlines the importance of primes? +Who used prime numbers to create ametrical music? +What work did La Nativité du Seigneur create? +What is the name of the work by La Nativité du Seigneur? +Where do the primes 41, 43, 47 and 53 appear? +What was Messiaen inspired by? +Where does the Rhine begin? +Where does the Rhine end? +What is the biggest city on the river Rhine? +What is the second-longest river in Central and Western Europe? +How long is the Danube? +Where does the Rhine begin? +Where does the Rhine end? +How long is the Danube? +What is the Gaulish name for Rhine? +What is the name of the French Rhin? +What is the Proto-Germanic pronunciation of the Gaulish name? +When was the Roman-era geography? +What is the Gaulish name for Rhine? +What is the name of the French Rhin? +What is another name for Rín? +What is the Proto-Germanic pronunciation of the Gaulish name? +What is another name for Dutch Rijn? +How is the length of the Rhine measured? +When was the Rheinkilometer introduced? +Where is the Old Rhine Bridge located? +Where is the Old Rhine Bridge located? +Why is the river length shortened? +How is the length of the Rhine measured? +When was the Rheinkilometer introduced? +Where is the Old Rhine Bridge located? +Why is the river length shortened? +Where is the Old Rhine Bridge located? +Where does the river make a distinctive turn? +How long is the Rhine Valley? +What is the name of the glacial alpine valley that flows through the Rhine Valley? +What is the name of the natural dam that prevents it from flowing into the open Seeztal valley? +The Alpine Rhine forms the border between Switzerland to which two countries? +Where does the river make a distinctive turn? +How long is the Rhine Valley? +What is the height of the Rhine Valley? +What is the name of the glacial alpine valley that flows through the Rhine Valley? +Where does the Alpine Rhine form the border between? +Which river forms an inland delta? +The delta is delimited in the West by what? +What is the name of the modern canalized section of the delta? +What is the local Alemannic dialect singular pronounced? +What does Esel mean in English? +Which river forms an inland delta? +What is the name of the modern canalized section of the delta? +The delta is delimited in the West by what? +How many arms did the natural Rhine originally form? +What is the local Alemannic dialect singular pronounced? +Where was the upper canal located? +Where was the lower canal located? +What did the regulation of the Rhine counteract? +The Dornbirner Ach now flows parallel to what canal? +What type of sediment will be injected into the lake? +Where was the lower canal located? +What did the regulation of the Rhine counteract? +Where was the upper canal located? +The Dornbirner Ach flows parallel to what canal? +What will silt up the lake? +How many bodies of water are in Lake Constance? +What does the Untersee mean? +What does the Seerhein mean? +Where does the Rhine flow into? +What does Obersee mean? +How many bodies of water are in Lake Constance? +Where is the lake located? +Where is the lake located? +What is the approximate location of the airport? +What are the German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg? +Why does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths? +What lake is diverted off Mainau into? +Where does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths? +What is visible along the entire length of the lake? +Where does the flow reappear on the surface of the lake? +Where does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths? +Where does the flow reappear on the surface of the lake? +What lake is diverted off Mainau into? +What does the Rheinrinne mean? +What determines the flow of the Rhine water? +Where does the Rhine flow? +What is the name of the major tributary of the Rhine? +What is the average water discharge in the Aare? +What is the highest point of the Rhine basin? +Where does the Rhine turn north? +Where does the Rhine flow? +What is the name of the major tributary of the Rhine? +What is the average water discharge in the Aare? +What is the highest point of the Rhine basin? +What does the Rhine roughly form? +What was the first major city in the course of the stream? +What is the name of the major bend in Basel? +What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine? +How long is the Upper Rhine Plain? +How wide is the Upper Rhine Plain? +What was the first major city in the course of the stream? +What is the name of the major bend in Basel? +Where does the direction of the Rhine change? +Where does High Rhine end? +What is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine? +When did the Rhine straightening program begin? +What happened to the ground water level? +What happened to the ground water level? +What river carries a significant part of the river water? +What is a large compensation pool in Alsace? +What region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century? +When did the Rhine straightening program begin? +What happened to the ground water level? +What happened to the ground water level? +What river carries a significant part of the river water? +Where is the longest river in Germany? +What is the average discharge of the Moselle? +What is the longest river in Germany? +What is the name of one of the main tributaries of the Rhine? +What is the average width of the Rhine? +Where is the longest river in Germany? +Where is the longest river in Germany? +What is the name of one of the main tributaries of the Rhine? +Which country drains to the Rhine via the Moselle? +What is the mean discharge of the Rhine? +What is the name of the formation between Bingen and Bonn? +What is the name of the formation between Bingen and Bonn? +What created the Rhine Gorge? +What is the name of the UNESCO World Heritage Site? +What is the name of the formation between Bingen and Bonn? +What is the name of the formation between Bingen and Bonn? +What is the stretch of the river known for? +What is the name of the UNESCO World Heritage Site? +What can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland? +What is the name of the major city along the Rhine? +What river joins the Rhine in Duisburg? +What does the Ruhr provide the region with? +What country is located along the Rhine? +What was a major source of water in the early 1980s? +Where are most plants and factories located? +What country is located along the Rhine? +What is the name of the major city along the Rhine? +What river joins the Rhine in Duisburg? +What are the two dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area? +Where is the Rhine Gorge located? +What famous rock flows around the Rhine? +What is considered the epitome of the Rhine romanticism? +What are the two dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area? +Where is the Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz? +Where is the Rhine Gorge located? +What famous rock flows around the Rhine? +Where does the Rhine flow? +What is one of the most important cities in the region? +What canal runs parallel to the Lippe? +Which canal runs parallel to the Wesel-Datteln Canal? +What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany? +How long is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge? +Which river flows through North Rhine-Westphalia? +What is the name of the largest conurbation in Germany? +What is the largest river port in Europe? +What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany? +How long is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge? +Along with the Nieuwe Merwede, what river flows through the Waal? +What is the Dutch name for Rijn? +How much of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west? +Which direction does the Rhine flow? +What is the name of the Waal? +Along with the Nieuwe Merwede, what river flows through the Waal? +Which Maas branches off near Dordrecht? +Where does the other third of the water flow through? +Where does the other third of the water flow? +What is the new name of the Nederrijn? +Where does the Noord River end? +Where does the other third of the water flow through? +Where does the other third of the water flow? +How many tenths of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer is carried by the Nederrijn? +What is the new name of the Nederrijn? +What is the name of the Nederrijn? +What is the name used for smaller streams farther to the north? +What are the streams used for? +What is the old north branch of the Rhine called? +What does Kromme Rijn mean? +What does Oude Rijn mean? +What is the most important natural region of the Netherlands? +Where does the Rhine-Meuse Delta begin? +What is the shorter term for the water that the Rhine contributes? +Where is the Nederrijn located? +How many main flows change names? +What is the name of Pannerdens Kanaal? +What does Oude Maas mean? +What does Het Scheur mean? +Before what flood did the Meuse flow? +In what year did the St. Elizabeth's flood occur? +Where did the Meuse flow just south of today's line? +When did the Meuse and Waal merge? +What type of estuary is Waal and Lek? +What do many rivers now serve as? +When did the construction of Delta Works change the Delta? +What is another term for rivers that have been closed? +When did the construction of Delta Works change the Delta? +What type of delta is the Rhine-Meuse Delta? +What type of currents shape the Rhine-Meuse Delta? +What could tear huge areas of land into the sea? +Where can the most landward tidal influence be detected? +What sea descends from the present Mediterranean Sea? +In what period did the two plates reverse direction? +What type of geography did the microplates generate? +When was the Triassic Period? +Where did Iberia push up the Pyrenees? +What did the ongoing Alpine orogeny cause to develop? +What is one of the main elements of the rift? +When was a river system developed in the Upper Rhine Graben? +What watersheds drained the northern flanks of the Alps? +How did the Rhine extend its watershed southward? +What period did the Rhine capture streams down to the Vosges Mountains? +What mountains did the Rhine capture streams down to? +What was the geological period of the Ice Ages? +How many major Ice Ages have occurred? +How high did the sea level drop during the Ice Ages? +What direction did the Rhine follow in the Early Pleistocene? +Where was the river mouth located during glacial times? +How many people lived in the last glacial? +When was the end of the Pleistocene? +Where did Europe see two very cold phases? +What was the sea level in the English Channel? +What channel did the lower Rhine flow through? +What was the source of the Rhine's current course? +What type of flora and fauna stretched across middle Europe? +When did ice-sheets cover Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps? +What covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, and the Alps? +What is the term for wind-blown dust over a tundra? +When did northwest Europe begin to warm up? +When did the alpine glaciers begin to thaw? +What was the name of the downstream extension of the discharge? +When did Rapid warming and changes of vegetation begin? +When was Europe fully forested? +How long ago was a situation with tides and currents similar to present? +What had dropped so far? +How long had the coast line been at the same location? +Why is the sea level rising in the southern North Sea? +What is the rate of sea level rise in the southern North Sea? +How long ago was the Holocene? +How long ago did the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta begin? +What valley did the Rhine occupy at the beginning of the Holocene? +Where did the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta begin? +How long ago was human impact seen in the delta? +What caused increased flooding and sedimentation in the delta? +What has strongly increased in the upland areas? +When did the damming of minor distributaries take place? +How many avulsions have occurred in the past 6000 years? +Where do Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to? +What estuary is near Rotterdam? +The IJssel branch flows to the north and enters what river? +What is the name of the freshwater lake in the IJsselmeer? +How many branches of the Rhine are there? +When did the Rhine enter the historical period? +What was the boundary between Gaul and Germania? +When did the Upper Rhine become part of the Hallstatt culture? +Who wrote a commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil? +When did Augustus die? +Along with the Danube, what river was the Germanic frontier the water-boundary of? +What happened to the Roman empire in the northern section of the frontier? +Where did the Roman subjects from Alsace-Lorraine come from? +Where is Moguntiacum located? +How many legions did the Romans keep along the Rhine? +What army was sent to Vetera? +Where was the town of Ubiorum located? +The number of legions present at any base or in all depended on what? +What does oppidum Ubiorum mean? +When did the Germanic tribes cross the Rhine? +What kingdoms were established by the 5th century? +What does Siebengebirge mean? +Who was the hero of the Nibelungenlied? +Who threw the golden treasure into the Rhine? +By what century was the Rhine within the borders of Francia? +In what century did it become fully within the Holy Roman Empire? +Along with Swabia, Franconia and Swabian, what region of Lorraine did the Holy Roman Empire flow through in the 10th century? +Who sold the Alsace to Burgundy? +In what year was the Alsace sold to Burgundy? +What was the name of the peace that formed a contentious border between France and Germany? +What was a long-term goal of French foreign policy? +Who tried with varying degrees of success to annex lands west of the Rhine? +In what year was the Confederation of the Rhine established? +When was the Rhine crisis? +At what point was the Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles? +When was the demilitarised zone established? +Who was forbidden to enter the demilitarised zone? +What did the Treaty of Versailles help with? +In what year did the German army re-occupied the Rhineland? +Where was the Rhine bridge located? +What was a formidable natural obstacle to the invasion of Germany? +When did Operation Market Garden occur? +What was the name of the bridge crossing the Rhine at Remagen? +What was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War? +How long was the generally accepted length of the Rhine? +What was the name of the German encyclopedia in 1932? +What did Knaurs Lexikon say was the cause of the length of the encyclopedia? +How long was the length of Knaurs Lexikon? +When was the error discovered? +In what year did the Scottish electorate vote for devolution? +What act sets out the powers of a devolved legislature? +The Act delineates the legislative competence of what? +The Act delineates the legislative competence of the Parliament of what country? +Who has the power to legislate in all areas that are not explicitly reserved to Westminster? +What remained an important element in Scottish national identity? +For how many years was Scotland directly governed by the Parliament of Great Britain? +What event led to the shelving of proposals for a devolved Parliament? +In what decade did nationalism rise in Scotland? +What did Kilbrandon recommend? +Where was oil discovered? +What was the name of the campaign that resulted in rising support for Scottish independence? +In what year did Wilson commit his government to some form of devolved legislature? +Why did the party argue that the oil revenues were not benefitting Scotland as much as they should? +When were the final legislative proposals for a Scottish Assembly passed? +Where would an elected assembly be set up in Scotland? +What percentage of the Scottish electorate voted for an elected assembly in 1979? +What percentage of the vote was in favor of a Scottish Assembly? +What was the result of the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum? +What percentage of the eligible voting population did not vote? +What was the demand for in the 1980s and 1990s? +Which party controlled the United Kingdom in the 1980s and 1990s? +When was the Scottish Constitutional Convention held? +What document provided much of the basis for the structure of the Parliament? +What is the official home of the Scottish Parliament? +Who designed the Scottish Parliament building? +Who designed the Scottish Parliament building? +What is one of the principal features of the complex? +Who opened the new building on 9 October 2004? +Why was the building vacated twice? +Where is the General Assembly Hall located? +Where were official photographs and television interviews held? +Where was the Parliament temporarily relocated to in 2002? +Where was the former Strathclyde Regional Council debating chamber located? +Where did the Parliament use buildings rented from? +Where was the former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council located? +What happened to the building in 2004? +Where are the former Midlothian County Buildings located? +What was used as the Parliament's principal committee room? +How many MSPs are elected to serve as Presiding Officer? +Who is the current Presiding Officer? +What is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament? +How many MSPs are elected? +Who operates the electronic voting equipment and chamber clocks? +Who is responsible for ensuring that Parliament functions effectively? +Who sets the work agenda in the chamber? +How many seats does the Bureau have? +Who represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad? +How is the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament arranged? +What is the purpose of the hemicycle? +How many seats are in the debating chamber? +How many seats are occupied by Parliament's elected MSPs? +What can Law Officers not do? +From where is the parliamentary mace made? +What is the parliamentary mace made from? +Who presented the mace to the Scottish Parliament? +Along with Wisdom, Compassion, Justice and Integrity, what words are on the mace? +Where is the mace displayed? +In what month of the year do parliament typically take two weeks of recess? +Where do plenary meetings usually take place? +Who can attendamber debates and committee meetings? +How much is the cost of entry in advance? +What is the verbatim transcript of parliamentary debates called? +On what day of the week is Time for Reflection held? +How long does it take for a speaker to address members? +Who decides when to address Parliament? +What are speakers chosen to represent? +How canFaith groups make direct representations to the Presiding Officer? +Who decides who speaks in chamber debates? +What is the amount of time for which a Presiding Officer speaks? +The Presiding Officer tries to achieve a balance between what? +Who usually has the most time in open debates? +Along with Scots and Gaelic, what language is used to deliver speeches to the chamber? +At what time of day do MSPs decide on motions and amendments? +What is heralded by the sounding of the division bell? +What happens to MSPs who are not in the chamber? +How do members vote? +How is the outcome of each division known? +How can the outcome of most votes be predicted? +Who usually instruct members which way to vote? +What are MSPs known as? +On what issue is this usually done? +What can be deselected as official party candidates during future elections? +When is a "Members Debate" held? +What is an MSP not a Scottish minister? +How long does the "Members Debate" last? +Who normally contributes to the debate? +How does the debate and motion relate to each other? +Where is much of the work of the Scottish Parliament done? +What is the role of committees in the Scottish Parliament? +Why is there no revising chamber in the Scottish Parliament? +What is the principal role of committees in the Scottish Parliament? +Where canCommittees meet? +What group comprises a small number of MSPs? +What is the balance of parties across Parliament? +What are different committees with? +What are committees set down under? +Where are Mandatory Committees located? +Where areSubject Committees established? +How many departments does each committee correspond with? +What are the current Subject Committees? +Where are the current Subject Committees located? +What type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament? +Private bills normally relate to what type of development projects? +Who is responsible for submitting private bills to the Scottish Parliament? +What has been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network? +What act governs the functions and role of the Scottish Parliament? +Who assented the Scotland Act 1998? +What does the Scotland Act 2012 extend? +Where is the Parliament of the United Kingdom located? +The Scotland Act 1998 governs the functions and role of what body? +Where are the specific devolved matters listed as reserved matters? +All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to what body? +What is automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament? +How much does the Scottish Parliament have the ability to alter income tax in Scotland? +What act conferred further fiscal devolution? +What are subjects that are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament? +Who is unable to legislate on issues that are reserved to Westminster? +Where do Ministerial functions usually lie? +Where do Ministerial functions usually lie? +What can be introduced in a number of ways? +Who can introduce new laws or amendments to existing laws as a bill? +A member of the Scottish Parliament can introduce a bill as what? +How can a private bill be submitted to Parliament? +How many stages doills pass through Parliament? +What is the first stage of a bill? +What is the first stage of the bill? +Statements from the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill are also lodged indicating what? +Where does Stage 1 usually take place? +What stage does the bill go to? +Which stage of the bill is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament? +How many parts of the debate are there? +What stage of the bill is considered at a meeting of the whole Parliament? +Opposition members can table what? +At what time do members vote on whether they agree to the general principles of the final bill? +Who submits the bill for royal assent? +Who submits the bill to the Monarch for royal assent? +How long does it take to refer a bill to the Supreme Court? +Who can refer the bill to? +When was the Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament passed? +Who holds the majority of seats in the Parliament? +Who can put their name forward to be First Minister? +What position does Parliament elect? +Most ministers and juniors are drawn from where? +Who makes the formal appointment or dismissal? +On what day are the Scottish Parliament elections held? +When are the general elections for the Scottish Parliament held? +Who proposed the proposal of the Presiding Officer? +How long before the due date of an ordinary general election are ordinary general elections usually held? +How many days of a General Election does the Presiding Officer propose? +Several procedures enable the Scottish Parliament to scrutinise what? +Who can deliver statements to Parliament? +What does the First Minister deliver at the beginning of each parliamentary year? +What do the leaders of the opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister on? +What is set aside for question periods in the debating chamber? +On what day does General Question Time take place? +Who can direct questions to during General Question Time? +What do members have an opportunity to question the First Minister directly on? +How many general questions are available to opposition leaders? +How many MSPs are elected to represent first past the post constituencies? +When did the Scottish Parliament constituencies share the same boundaries as the UK Parliament constituencies? +How many members are elected to represent the constituency? +What are the reasons for the smaller number of electors? +How many electors does the average Scottish Parliament constituency have? +How are seats allocated to parties? +What method is used to allocate seats in Parliament? +What is awarded to the party with the highest quotient? +What are constituency seats? +How are list seats allocated? +What are a number of qualifications that apply to being an MSP? +In what year was the British Nationality Act passed? +How old must a member of the Commonwealth of Nations be? +What two groups are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs? +What act allows an individual to sit in the Scottish Parliament if they are judged to be insane? +How many times has a party commanded a parliamentary majority in the Scottish Parliament? +Who took 16 seats from the SNP? +How many votes did Gray get in East Lothian? +How many seats did the SNP take from the Liberal Democrats? +What did the Scottish Parliament want to hold a referendum on? +Which party lost Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP? +What was the name of the seat of former party leader David McLetchie? +How many seats did the Conservatives lose? +Who was the leader of the Conservatives? +Who congratulated the SNP on their victory? +Which Scottish MPs are able to vote on domestic legislation that applies only to England, Wales and Northern Ireland? +What are English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish Westminster MPs unable to vote on? +What is the West Lothian question known as? +Who won the 2015 UK election? +Which country is able to vote on domestic legislation that only applies to Scottish MPs? +What is another name for Political Islam? +What is the goal of Political Islam? +What does Islamism favor? +What are the two poles of the Islamist movement? +What are the two poles of Islamization? +Moderate and reformist Islamists accept and work within what process? +What is the name of the Islamist group in Lebanon? +What is the goal of Hezbollah and Hamas? +What does the Taliban reject? +What is the basis of religion? +What is a major division within Islamism? +What movement underwent a remarkable shift in the second half of the 20th century? +What did the Salafi movement focus on instead of Islamic institutions? +Along with democracy, what is Roy's view of Islamism? +Why do Islamists need democratic elections? +Why is Islamism a controversial concept? +What is a controversial concept? +Who believes that Islam is apolitical? +What does Hayri Abaza believe leads many in the West to support illiberal Islamic regimes? +What do moderates seek to separate religion from? +What are those who want to live by Islam's principles in legal, social, political, economic, and political spheres of life? +Who is the writer for the International Crisis Group? +What did a writer for the International Crisis Group say was a historical fluke? +When did apolitical Islam begin? +What is non-political Islam? +What did Western and pro-Western governments consider Islamist groups to be? +In what decade did Western and pro-Western governments support Islamist groups? +What did the veterans of the war have? +What group did the US aid? +What political group did the Western governments consider to be more dangerous? +What did the veterans of the war have? +Who was Egypt's president? +What did Sadat make with Israel? +What did Sadat do to the exiles? +In what year did Sadat and Islamists break down? +What happened to Sadat? +What was the conservative interpretation of Islam promoted by this funding? +What did the Quran say Muslims should not do to infidels? +What was democracy responsible for in the 20th century? +What did the Quran say Muslims should not only oppose? +What is another name for Salafism? +What is the Muslim Brotherhood known for? +What type of governments are incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful? +What type of assistance does the Muslim Brotherhood provide? +What type of rhetoric does the government of incompetent, inefficient or neglectful governments have? +What is the goal of mass marriage ceremonies? +Along with law and philosophy, what discipline did Iqbal study? +What was the London branch of the All India Muslim League? +Along with the secularist Indian National Congress, what Indian nationalist group was he a critic of? +In what year did he come back to Lahore? +What was the title of Iqbal's 1934 book? +What did Iqbal fear would weaken the spiritual foundations of Islam and Muslim society? +What percentage of India's population is Hindu? +What did he call for? +In what year was Iqbal elected president of the Muslim League? +What movement was inspired by the address? +Who was an important figure in the Islamic revival in India? +What profession did he choose? +When was the Jamaat-e-Islami party founded? +What did Maududi have more of an impact on than political organising? +What did Maududi's books place Islam in? +Who was an important figure in the Islamic revival in India? +What profession did he choose? +What did Maududi have more of an impact on than political organising? +What did Maududi's books place Islam in? +Maududi believed that Muslim society could not be Islamic without what? +Maududi believed that Islam required the establishment of what? +What is tawhid? +How did Maududi describe the Islamic revolution? +How did the Islamic revolution change the hearts and minds of individuals? +In what year was the Muslim Brotherhood founded? +Where was the Muslim Brotherhood founded? +Who founded the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah? +What is the motto of the Qur'an? +What did Al Banna want to eliminate? +What did some elements of the Brotherhood engage in? +In what year was Al-Banna assassinated? +Who was assassinated in 1949? +In what year was the Brotherhood banned? +Who jailed thousands of members for several years? +What is one of the most influential movements in the Islamic world? +What percentage of the total seats did the political parties identified as "Islamist" win? +What was the only opposition group in Egypt to field candidates during elections? +What was the only opposition group in Egypt able to do during elections? +Who was the first democratically elected president of Egypt? +What was the result of the defeat of Arab troops during the Six-Day War? +What was a pivotal event in the Arab Muslim world? +What was blamed for the defeat of the defeated countries? +What happened to the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics? +Along with Maududi and Qutb, what anti-democratic movement gained ground? +What was Mohammad Iqbal's political affiliation? +Who was the ideologue of the Iranian Revolution? +What religion did Mawdudi belong to? +Who was Ali's successor? +What was the purpose of the "plundering" of Muslim lands? +What group has maintained its hold on power in Iran despite US economic sanctions? +What type of terrorist groups has the Islamic Republic created or assisted? +The Islamic Republic has maintained its hold on power in Iran despite what? +When did the Israel-Lebanon conflict occur? +Who was the president of Iran in 2006? +Who deployed its 40th Army into Afghanistan in 1979? +What rebellion did the Soviet Union try to suppress in Afghanistan? +Why did Muslims send aid? +What was the military effectiveness of the "Afghan Arabs"? +How many Muslim volunteers came to fight in Afghanistan? +What was the goal of the Gulf War? +Who was the leader of the Gulf War? +What was the name of the movement that led to the Gulf War? +In what country did the Gulf War take place? +Islamists accused the Saudi regime of being a puppet of who? +Who did the attacks resonate with? +What group did Saudi Arabia try to repress? +Where did American troops remain in the kingdom? +Where was the civil war in Egypt? +Who was responsible for the 9/11 attacks? +What ideas became increasingly radical during Qutb's imprisonment? +In what year was Qutb executed? +What group was led by Hasan al-Hudaybi? +What is another name for splinter? +By what decade had the Brotherhood renounced violence? +What organization was responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat? +In what year did Anwar Sadat die? +What did the extremist group believe were leaders of Muslim states? +What did the extremist group promote? +Who wrote a pamphlet outlining Farag's views? +What type of violence did al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya employ? +What is another name for al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya? +When did Jamaa Islamiya renounce violence? +Was the campaign to overthrow the government successful or unsuccessful? +What is an example of an attempted assassination of a political figure? +What stance did the Muslim Brotherhood take prior to the First Palestine Intifada? +What was the name of the group formed by the Brotherhood? +What did the Hamas charter call for? +What type of activity did the Brotherhood dislike? +Before what event did the Muslim Brotherhood take a "quiescent" stance towards Israel? +Who has continued to be a major player in Palestine? +How many people were killed in suicide bombings between 2000 and 2007? +Who won the majority of the seats in the 2006 legislative election? +How many people were killed in a suicide bombing in 2000? +What has Hamas been praised by Muslims for? +What religion did Hassan al-Turabi lead? +Who led the Islamist regime in Sudan? +What group did General Gaafar al-Nimeiry form? +Where did Turabi get money from? +Where did he place sympathetic students? +In what year was al-Nimeiry overthrown? +Who helped overthrow the post-al-Nimeiry government? +What type of law did Turabi use? +Who did the NIF support before 9/11? +What country did the US attack in 1991? +Why did women stay home? +When was the coalition founded? +Where was the FIS located? +What is another name for the FIS? +What happened to the voting in 1991? +What did the mujahideen's victory against the Soviet Union not lead to? +What did the civil war between political and tribal warlords result in? +In what year did the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan collapse? +How does Afghanistan compare to other countries? +What percentage of Afghanistan was controlled by the Taliban? +Who spawned the Deobandi movement? +What country supported the Deobandi movement? +What was another term for the Taliban? +What did the Taliban want to spread to an entire country? +Who was the guest of Osama bin Laden? +In what year did General Zia-ul-Haq overthrow Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto? +What did Ali Bhutto ban within six months? +What was Zia-ul-Haq's official state ideology? +How did Zia-ul-Haq use Islamization? +When was Zia-ul-Haq killed? +What is the name of the group that led the Islamic State? +What group is mainly comprised of Sunni Arabs? +How many people lived in Iraq and Syria in March 2015? +What does the self-described state lack? +What did the group call itself in 2014? +When did the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad pledge allegiance to al-Qaeda? +When did the Iraqi insurgency begin? +What did the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad complain about? +When did the Syrian Civil War begin? +What has the group been designated by the United Nations, the European Union and member states? +What does the party take a different view of? +In what century did the demise of the Ottoman Caliphate occur? +In what year did the Ottoman Caliphate end? +What is believed to have ended the true Islamic system? +What is believed to have ended the true Islamic system? +What does HT not engage in? +What type of struggle does HT use to take power? +Who will launch a "bloodless" coup? +What country banned coups in 1974? +What have many jihadi terrorists cited as their key influence? +How many Muslims live in Greater London? +What type of outlook does the Muslim world have? +In what year was Undercover Mosque broadcast? +Undercover Mosque has given rise to what term? +What was Abu Hamza al-Masri charged with? +Since what year has the U.S. government been trying to counter Islamism? +Who conducted public diplomacy programmes in the United States? +Who was an official in the George W. Bush administration? +Who was the U.S. Defense Secretary? +What was the U.S. Information Agency charged with? +Where did the word "imperium" originate from? +What is Imperialism? +Along with Japan, what country has used the term imperialism? +What has the rapid spread of? +How is Imperialism defined? +What isormal imperialism defined as? +What is another term for othering? +Informal imperialism is less direct than what? +What was the first definition of imperialism? +What was the first definition of imperialism? +What was the definition of imperialism confusedly seen as? +What does informal rule allow for? +What was the second term for imperialism? +What is the greatest distinction of an empire? +What theory depicts how developed and developing nations are portrayed? +Who suggested that imperialism was the highest form of capitalism? +What is a distinction about political empires? +Most books on the subject confine themselves to what? +What is another name for imperialism? +Why does colonialism not automatically imply imperialism? +What is imperialism developed for? +Contiguous land empires such as what are generally excluded from discussions of colonialism? +Imperialism and colonialism have been used in order to describe what? +Along with Imperialism and colonialism, what is the other type of advantage? +What does colonialism refer to? +What is the meaning of imperialism? +What isonialism's core meaning? +What are inherited by the conquered indigenous populations? +What is a controversial aspect of imperialism? +What is a controversial aspect of imperialism? +The races which can do the best work are called what? +What theory formed a supposedly rational justification for imperialism? +What is still prized today? +Where was Friedrich Ratzel from? +What country supported imperialism? +Along with Ratzel, what geographer supported imperialism? +The Royal Geographical Society of London and other geographical societies in what country had great influence? +What did the Royal Geographical Society of London fund? +What is another name for environmental determinism? +What zone did Ellen Churchill Semple argue human beings originated in? +Tropicality can be paralleled with what? +What type of people were in need of European guidance? +What did orientalism allow Europe to establish as? +What is the Latin word for empty land? +When was Australia premised on terra nullius? +The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to what? +Why did settlers consider Australia unused? +What does Terra nullius mean? +How did the West develop? +How did the East view the East? +What was the West's perception of the East? +What refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East? +What was the difference between the East and the West? +What century did Bassett study? +What did imperial and colonial powers use to fill blank spaces on contemporary maps? +What is blank space used to denote? +What type of cartographic techniques did he use? +Along with the French and British, what country was involved in the extension of West Africa? +During what era did the Americas have large empires? +Who was the leader of the Mongol Empire? +How many Muslim empires are there? +What is the name of the Ethiopian Empire? +How many empires predate the European colonial era? +What is it called when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles? +What is the term for a country's influence in social and cultural circles? +What soap opera featured opulent American lifestyles? +What soap opera featured opulent American lifestyles? +What does soft power fight with? +When did the Age of Imperialism begin? +The Age of Imperialism saw European industrializing nations engaging in what? +How long have imperialist practices existed? +When did the Age of Imperialism begin? +What is the name of the policy in China? +When was John Gallagher born? +When did Robinson die? +Who constructed a framework for understanding European imperialism? +Why did the world's economy grow significantly? +How did the world's economy grow in the decades before World War I? +Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism was largely focused on what? +When did the colonization of India begin? +Where did Europe collect resources? +What was the political weakness of the Mughal state? +Along with advancements in military technology, what other advancement did Europe see? +What type of explosives did European chemists make? +What weapon had become an effective battlefield weapon by the 1880s? +Along with arrows, swords, and leather shields, what weapon did armies in less-developed countries use? +Who made deadly explosives that could be used in combat? +In anglophone academic works, theories regarding imperialism are often based on what? +When was the term "Imperialism" originally introduced into English? +Along with idealism and philanthropy, what was imperialism's policy? +How did Lenin describe Imperialism? +What has long been debated among historians and political theorists? +When did the rise of the military-political complex in the United States begin? +Before what war were non-Marxist writers at their most prolific? +What did Hobson believe domestic social reforms could cure? +What did Hobson theorize could boost broader consumption? +What concept served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples? +How were a certain person's behaviours determined? +What were people living in tropical environments seen as? +Where did European colonialism take place? +What are the two forms of orientalism? +Who said that the world could be split into climatic zones? +Along with Northern Europe and the Mid-Atlantic, what region had a temperate climate? +What did the people of these climates need? +What is a view of a people based on their geographical location? +According to geographic scholars, the world could be split into what? +Britain's imperialist ambitions can be seen as early as what century? +In what year was the British East India Company established? +Who chartered the British East India Company? +What caused the plundering of the local economy? +Who had already established trading posts in India? +In what year did France take control of Algeria? +In what year did France take control of Algeria? +What religion did the new empire spread? +Where did France concentrate its conquests? +When did Germany begin to build her own empire? +What did Ferry say the higher races have a duty to do? +What is another term for full citizenship rights? +How many settlers did France send to its colonies? +What did Christianity bring to the world? +Where did French settlers remain a small minority? +What did Charles de Gaulle and the Free French use as bases? +After what year did anti-colonial movements begin to challenge the Empire? +In what country did France lose a bitter war? +What country won the war in 1962? +When did most of France's colonies gain independence? +Where did the Germanic tribes originate? +What religion did the Germanic conquest of central, western, and southern Europe exclude? +In what period did Germanic tribes expand throughout northern and western Europe? +When did the Holy Roman Empire form? +What was "Germany" a conceptual term referring to? +In what century did Germany begin to participate in Western imperialism? +When did Otto von Bismarck die? +After what war did Prussia unite the other states into the second German Empire? +Who caused the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire? +Prussia and the German states continued to stand aloof from what? +Where did Germany begin to build a colonial empire? +What was Bismarck aware of? +In what year did the German New Guinea empire begin? +What country did the German colonial empire begin with? +Along with merchants and traders, what was one of his neighbors? +Where did Japan take part in the Russo-Japanese War? +When was the First Sino-Japanese War? +What country did Japan invade? +In what year did Japan conquer Manchuria? +What country supported post-World War II communist movements? +When did it stop being implemented? +Who asserted the right to limited self-determination for national minorities within new territory? +Where did the Soviet Union's forces occupy during World War II? +Who reestablished a polity with roughly the same extent as the empire by 1921? +Trotsky believed that the revolution could only succeed in Russia as part of what? +Who declared that Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism? +Who argued that the Soviet Union had itself become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist façade? +Who was the new political leader? +What did Joseph Stalin establish for the Soviet Union? +What type of mercantilism was the First British Empire based on? +In what year did the American colonies lose their colonies? +What policy did Britain adopt in the 1840s? +When did the Spanish and Portuguese colonies become independent? +In what year did Britain defeat Napoleonic France? +What was the largest Empire that the world has ever seen? +What kind of science formed an ideological underpinning during this time? +The British spirit of imperialism was expressed in what country? +Along with Asia and the Middle East, where did the Scramble for Africa take place? +What policy did the United States use to express its opposition to Imperialism? +What was Theodore Roosevelt's policy called? +In what country did a war erupt? +What country did the Anti-Imperialist League oppose? +What was American foreign policy denounced as? +Who was a key figure in the plans for the American Empire? +In what year was President Woodrow Wilson appointed? +Where was the American delegation from? +What was the premise of the inquiry? +Who was Wilson's geographer? +What has been described as a form of imperialism or colonialism? +What is another name for the internal form of empire? +How many people were involved in the African slave trade? +Edward Said described modern imperialism as using aggressive means of attack towards what? +When did the Ottoman Empire end? +Who was the ruler of the Ottoman empire during the 16th and 17th centuries? +How many provinces did the empire contain at the beginning of the 17th century? +What region of Europe did the Ottoman Empire control? +During what centuries was the Ottoman empire in power? +What was the capital of the Ottoman empire? +Who did the empire ally with in the early 20th century? +What event led to the emergence of the new state of Turkey in Ottoman Anatolian heartland? +What new state was formed in the Ottoman Anatolian heartland? +What is the name of the mainline Protestant Methodist denomination? +What is the denomination of the United Methodist Church? +When was the UMC founded? +What is the union of the Methodist Church (USA) and Evangelical United Brethren Church? +What is the church's theological orientation? +What is the largest denomination within the wider Methodist movement? +How many people are in the United Methodist Church? +What is the largest Protestant denomination in the United States? +What percentage of the U.S. population self-identify with the United Methodist Church? +When did the United Methodist Church begin? +Where did the United Methodist Church begin? +What did other students call the Methodists in their Bible study? +When did John and Charles Wesley go to America? +Where did John and Charles Wesley teach the gospel to the American Indians? +Who did John and Charles Wesley teach the gospel to? +How did the Anglican churches view salvation? +What event separated the Methodists from the Anglican Church? +In what year did Wesley appoint Thomas Coke as superintendent of the Methodist Society? +Who did Wesley appoint as superintendent of the Methodist Society? +Where was the conference held? +Where was the conference held? +Where is St. George's United Methodist Church located? +Where is St. George's United Methodist Church located? +When was the congregation founded? +Where was the sail loft located? +When was the Methodist Episcopal Church founded? +Who were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church? +Who licensed St. George's Church? +In what year was St. George's Church licensed? +In what year did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church? +Why did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church? +When did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences? +Why did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences? +When was the United Methodist Church created? +Where was the General Conference held? +Who represented the Evangelical United Brethren Church? +What type of church does the United Methodist Church belong to? +What book recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed? +What does the term invisible and invisible Church mean? +Why was John Wesley compelled to ordain two of his lay preachers as presbyters? +Who assisted Wesley? +Along with Thomas Vasey and Richard Whatcoat, who was one of John Wesley's presbyters? +In what year did the United Methodist Church form? +Who were the founders of the United Methodist church? +Who led the team that systematized denominational doctrine? +Who led the team that systematized denominational doctrine? +What is the name of the grace that goes before us? +What is the name of the grace that goes before us? +What isvenient grace? +What is the name of the grace that goes before us? +What is another name for Justifying Grace? +What is justifying grace? +What is justifying grace also known as? +What is justifying grace also known as? +What is another name for New Birth? +What sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection? +What sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection? +What kind of love do we have? +What is Christian Perfection? +What type of theology is Wesleyan? +What does the United Methodist Church believe in? +What denomination is considered one of the more moderate and tolerant denominations with respect to race, gender, and ideology? +What book states that United Methodist theology is at once catholic, evangelical, and reformed? +When did the General Conference go on record in support of the work of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice? +What is the denomination's stance on abortion? +What group was the denomination a founding member of? +Which two official bodies of the United Methodist Church are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice? +Who does the Church want to support in supportive ministry? +Who does the church respect the sacredness of the life and well-being of? +What does TUMAS stand for? +In what year did the United Methodist Church attempt to withdraw from the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice? +Who was president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality? +What movement has the Methodist Church supported? +In what years did the General Board of Church and Society call on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent? +What was John Wesley's famous sermon called? +What does the United Methodist Church use in the sacrament of Holy Communion? +What does the United Methodist Church condemn? +What is the name of the book in which Jesus abolished the death penalty? +In which passage did Jesus explicitly repudiate the lex talionis? +Who calls for the bishops to uphold opposition to capital punishment? +What does the United Methodist Church prohibit the celebration of? +In what year did a highly publicized church trial take place? +In what year was same-sex marriage legalized? +What is the governing committee of the Connectional Table? +What is the name of the LGBT community within the UMC? +Many conferences have voted in favor of what? +In what year did a United Methodist church court defrock Denman? +In what year were clergy credentials removed from Irene Elizabeth Stroud? +What conference has approved the appointment of an openly partnered lesbian? +What does the United Methodist Church oppose? +What does the church believe is always righteous before God? +Who does the Church support? +What does the United Methodist Church believe war is incompatible with? +The Church rejects war as an instrument of what? +What does the United Methodist Church endorses? +Who is the Sexual Ethics Task Force in the United Methodist Church? +What does the United Methodist Church believe pornography is about? +Persons who are addicted to pornography are affected by their perceptions of who? +What type of embryos does the UMC support? +What type of cells are retrieved from umbilical cords and adult stem cells? +What type of research does the UMC support? +What was John Wesley's version of the Book of Common Prayer called? +When did the Methodists in America separate from the Church of England? +What was John Wesley's version of the Book of Common Prayer called? +Where is the United Methodist Church located? +Where are many Anglican liturgies derived from? +What does anointing with oil involve? +What is another name for a biblical figure? +Who was the Salvation Army Founder? +Who is Methodism's founder? +What is organized into conferences? +What is the highest level of the church called? +Where are legislative changes recorded? +What is the highest level of the church called? +How often does the General Conference meet? +How many jurisdictions are there in the United States? +How many central conferences are there in the United States? +What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences? +Who are the chief administrators of the church? +What are Episcopal Areas? +What group usually consists of church bishops? +Who makes up the Mission Council? +How many acres of land did the Mission Council of the South Central Jurisdiction approve in March 2007? +Where was the George W. Bush Presidential Library located? +Where was the George W. Bush Presidential Library located? +How many members are in the General Conference? +What is the highest court in the denomination? +How long is the term of the General Conference? +How often does the Council meet? +Where does the Council meet? +What is the equivalent of a diocese in the Anglican Communion? +The term Annual Conference is often used to refer to what? +Who appoints clergy to a local church or other charge annually? +What book describes the organizational structure of local United Methodist churches? +How many members must a board of trustees have? +How many members must a board of trustees have? +What is the annual meeting of all the officers of the church? +What is the annual meeting of all the officers of the church? +How many colleges and universities are affiliated with the United Methodist Church? +How many schools does the church operate? +What is the name of the association of Methodist-related Schools, Colleges, and Universities? +Who ordained the first Methodist clergy? +What do they serve as in local congregations? +What is the name of the annual conference of Elders? +Each deacon in full connection is a member of what? +What does the Annual Conference Cabinet consist of? +How often is an appointment made? +Who has read the appointments at the session of the Annual Conference? +Who are called by God, affirmed by the church, and ordained by a bishop? +What is an example of an extension ministry of a local church? +How long do provisional Elders serve? +What is another name for District Superintendents? +How long do provisional deacons serve? +Who ordained deacons? +Who ordained deacons? +What authority canacons be granted? +When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished? +Who serves a two-three year term in a full-time appointment after being commissioned? +When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished? +What is a Local Pastor's official title? +What is a licensed local pastor? +How long is a course of study at an approved United Methodist seminary? +What membership allows clergy to retire as clergy? +What are Baptized Members? +How do Baptized Members become Professing Members? +Individuals can become a Professing Member by transferring from what denomination? +What is a sacrament in the UMC? +What classes do students learn about in order to profess their ultimate faith in Christ? +What book directs the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes? +Along with the Methodist-Christian theological tradition, what tradition do students learn in confirmation and membership preparation classes? +What are the two categories of lay servants? +What must a lay servant complete to be recognized as a local church lay servant? +How many advanced courses must they complete every three years? +How many advanced courses must students complete every three years? +What is one tradition within the Christian Church? +What status did the National Association of Evangelicals seek? +What do some in the United Methodist Church feel false ecumenism might result in? +When was the Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union formed? +When did the United Methodist Church enter full communion with African Methodist Episcopal Church? +In what year did the United Methodist Church begin exploring a merger? +How many members did the UMC have at the time of its formation? +How many congregations did the UMC have at the time of its formation? +How many congregations were there in 2005? +How many congregations were there in 2005? +Which state has the largest number of members? +What was the total UMC membership in 2008? +What was the total membership of the UMC in 2008? +How many UMC members were overseas in 2008? +What group does the UMC belong to? +What is the name of the interdenominational group composed of various churches in the tradition of John Wesley? +On what date did delegates to the World Methodist Council vote to adopt the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification? +When was the French and Indian War? +Which two colonies fought in the war? +How many European settlers lived in the French North American colonies at the start of the war? +How many European settlers were in the French North American colonies at the start of the war? +Where was the war fought? +What are the Forks of the Ohio? +What battle took place in May 1754? +In what year did General Braddock meet with General Edward Braddock? +What battle did Braddock lose? +Why did British operations in the frontier areas of Pennsylvania and New York fail? +Where did the British capture Fort Beauséjour? +What did the British do to the Acadians? +Who came to power and significantly increased British military resources? +Why was France unwilling to risk large convoys to aid the limited forces in New France? +Who did France concentrate its forces against? +Where was Sainte Foy located? +Which country ceded territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain? +Who did Spain give French Louisiana to? +What was Britain's position as the dominant colonial power in eastern North America? +When was the second war in King George's reign? +What war did the Indians fight in? +Which two countries were involved in the Seven Years' War? +Along with the Fourth Intercolonial War, what is another name for the Great War for the Empire? +When was the peace treaty signed? +How long did the fighting between the two colonial powers last? +In what year was Montreal captured? +The Battle of Jumonville Glen took place in what year? +How many people lived in the French population? +Where was most of the French population located? +Who did French fur traders often marry? +What was the ratio of British settlers to French settlers? +In what direction did the British settlers travel from Nova Scotia? +Where were the settlements growing? +What tribes dominated large areas between the French and the British? +Which two groups were engaged in Father Le Loutre's War? +What is present-day Upstate New York and the Ohio Country? +What were the Iroquois limited by? +Along with the Choctaw, Catawba and Muskogee, what Cherokee tribe spoke in the Southeast? +Where did the French recruit fighters from? +Who supported the British in the war? +How many French regular army troops were stationed in North America at the start of the war? +How many British troops were in North America at the start of the war? +What kind of militia companies did most British colonies have? +How long did the expedition cover between June and November 1749? +How many Indians were in Céloron's expedition? +Who informed the British merchants of the French claims on the territory? +Who did the Native Americans tell Céloron they would trade with? +What village was just south of the confluence of the Ohio and Miami rivers? +What would happen to "Old Briton" if he continued to trade with the British? +Who ignored the warning? +What did Céloron say the Natives of the localities are devoted to? +What did each side propose? +Why did Shirley say British colonists would not be safe? +In what year did the British government give land to the Ohio Company of Virginia? +What company did the British government give land to? +Who explored the Ohio territory in 1750? +When was the Treaty of Logstown signed? +Where did the Indians agree to build a strong house? +What is another name for the War of the Austrian Succession? +What treaty ended the War of the Austrian Succession? +Which two countries had conflicting territorial claims? +Which side claimed the northern edge of the Ohio Country? +Who was the Governor-General of New France in 1752? +How many men were given Langlade? +What did Céloron order the Miami people to do? +Who was killed in the attack on Pickawillany? +Who commanded the Troupes de la Marine and Indians? +Where is Fort Presque Isle located? +Where is Fort Le Boeuf located? +What did the king's orders to protect? +Who was the chief of the Mingo? +Where was the British Superintendent for Indian Affairs located? +What did the Iroquois call Johnson? +What Iroquois tribe was Johnson a colonel of? +Who was the leader of the Mohawk tribal council? +What company was Dinwiddie an investor in? +Who did Dinwiddie order to warn the French to leave Virginia? +Who led the Mingo? +On what date did Washington reach Fort Le Boeuf? +Who succeeded Marin as commander of the French forces? +What did Dinwiddie demand? +How did Saint-Pierre feel about the Summons sent to him? +What was France's claim to the region superior to? +On what date did Contrecœur lead 500 men south from Fort Venango? +In what year did Dinwiddie begin construction of a small stockaded fort? +What was Fort Duquesne called? +What was the Battle of Jumonville Glen known as? +Who was the commanding officer of the Canadians? +What relationship did the French have with Tanaghrisson? +Who did the Duke of Newcastle want to dislodge? +How long before Braddock's departure did the plans for North America leak to France? +How many regiments did King Louis XV send to New France? +When did the British send out their fleet? +What was the name of the early political response to the opening of hostilities? +What was seen to be pivotal in the success of the war that was unfolding? +Who approved the plan that the delegates agreed to? +During what war did confederation form? +How many army troops did Braddock lead? +What was the result of the expedition? +How many British soldiers were killed or injured? +Who played a key role in organizing the retreat? +Who did the French acquire a copy of? +What was Shirley's inexperience in managing? +What did Shirley plan to attack in his absence? +What type of garrisons did Shirley leave at Oswego? +Who was the governor of New France? +Who sent Dieskau to Fort St. Frédéric? +How did the battle end? +Where was Fort Edward located? +Where did the French withdraw to? +Who captured Fort Beauséjour in 1755? +Who ordered the deportation of the French-speaking Acadian population? +Where was Bloody Creek located in 1757? +Who assumed command of British forces in North America? +Where was the meeting held in 1755? +Where was Fort Frontenac located? +What city did he want to attack? +Who replaced Lord Loudoun? +Who led the French regular army reinforcements in New France? +On what date did England declare war on France? +What was the name of the forts Shirley erected at? +What was the name of the battle that destroyed Fort Bull? +How many pounds of gunpowder did the French destroy at Fort Bull? +What was the name of the Oswego garrison? +Who refused to take any significant actions until Loudoun approved them? +Where did Montcalm move his headquarters to? +Where did Montcalm move his headquarters to? +What did Montcalm and the Indians disagree about? +What was the name of the attack on New France's capital? +Why did Montcalm leave Fort William Henry? +Who ordered Pitt to attack Louisbourg first? +Where did Loudoun return to after the massacre? +Who harassed Fort William Henry in the first half of 1757? +What was the name of the lake where the raid took place? +How many Indians were killed by Montcalm's allies? +What limited French shipping? +What was the result of the poor harvest? +What were the primary defenses of St. Lawrence? +What was the result of the British failures in North America? +Who developed the plan for the 1758 campaign? +How many major offensive actions did Pitt plan? +How many of the expeditions were successful? +How many troops were in the Battle of Carillon? +How many regulars, militia, and Native American allies were in the Battle of Carillon? +What did John Bradstreet destroy? +Who replaced Abercrombie? +Why did the duc de Choiseul decide to invade Britain? +What country did Pitt plan significant campaigns against? +In what year did the naval battles at Lagos and Quiberon Bay occur? +Who defeated Montcalm at Quebec? +What did Fort Niagara do to the French forts? +What was the name of the battle where the British were able to prevent the arrival of French relief ships? +What naval battle did the British prevent the arrival of French relief ships? +Who negotiated with General Amherst? +What did Amherst grant French residents who chose to remain in the colony? +Who did Governor Vaudreuil negotiate with? +When was the Treaty of Paris signed? +When was the Treaty of Hubertusburg signed? +Along with Guadeloupe and Martinique, what Caribbean island was occupied by the British? +How did the Caribbean islands view the value of sugar cane? +How many French Canadians lived in Acadia? +When did the deportation of Acadians begin? +Where did the British resettle many Acadians? +What city did some Acadians go to? +Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763? +What did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 outline? +Where was the reservation of lands west of? +Where did most of the records from St. Augustine go? +Who built military roads to the Ohio Country? +When was the Spanish takeover of Louisiana completed? +Along with the Choctaw and Creek, what tribe had tensions with the British? +What did the loss of French power in North America lead to? +Philosophers used what concept in the study of stationary and moving objects? +What did Aristotle and Archimedes retain in understanding force? +Who corrected the previous misunderstandings about motion and force? +For how long did Sir Isaac Newton work on laws of motion? +Who developed a theory of relativity? +What model describes forces between particles smaller than atoms? +What are the fundamental means by which forces are emitted and absorbed? +What are the four main interactions? +What are the four main interactions? +What are the weak and electromagnetic forces expressions of? +Who provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology? +Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of what? +How many elements did the terrestrial sphere contain? +Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth are where? +What type of motion was forced motion? +In what century did Galileo Galilei write about Aristotelian physics? +Who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus? +What idea did Galileo Galilei use to influence his work? +Who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus? +What is an example of a force that can cause objects to retain their velocity? +Who wrote the First Law of Motion? +What was constant velocity associated with? +Who wrote the First Law of Motion? +What states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force or resultant force? +The laws of physics are the same in what frame of reference? +What laws do not change from being at rest? +What direction does the ball follow? +The laws of physics do not change from being at what? +What applies equally well to constant velocity motion as it does to rest? +What concept can be further generalized to explain the tendency of objects to continue in many different forms of constant motion? +What is the rotational inertia of planet Earth? +Who explained that reference frames subject to constant acceleration were equivalent to inertial reference frames? +What do astronauts experience in free-fall orbit around the Earth? +What principle was one of the foundational underpinnings for the development of the general theory of relativity? +What asserts the direct proportionality of acceleration to force? +How can acceleration be defined? +What theory offers an equivalence between space-time and mass? +What theory offers an equivalence between space-time and mass? +What are the relative units of force and mass? +What is Newton's Third Law? +What is Newton's Third Law? +What is a force that acts on only one body called? +F and −F are equal in what? +The action-reaction force shared between two objects in a closed system will not cause what? +In a closed system of particles, what are no internal forces that are unbalanced? +The action-reaction force shared between two objects in a closed system will not cause what? +What does this provide for describing forces? +What is the standard measurement scale compared to? +What is the conceptual definition of force offered by Newtonian mechanics? +How is it determined that laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with Newtonian mechanics? +What are forces classified as? +What are scalar quantities denoted? +What avoids such problems? +What is the situation if both of these pieces of information are not known for each force? +What avoids such problems? +In what conditions were forces first quantitatively investigated? +What are the crucial properties of additive vector quantities? +What is another name for the resultant force? +What must be specified in order to account for the effects on the motion of the body? +The addition of two vectors represented by sides of a parallelogram is called what? +What can be resolved into? +How many forces can a horizontal force pointing northeast be split into? +What yields the original force? +What are the components of the vector sum uniquely determined by? +Orthogonal force vectors can be what? +What is generated between the object and the table surface? +What is generated between the object and the table surface? +What is opposed by static friction? +What is opposed by static friction? +What is the most usual way of measuring forces? +What equals the object's weight? +An object suspended on a vertical spring scale experiences the force of what? +An object suspended on a vertical spring scale experiences the force of what? +Who expounded the Three Laws of Motion? +Who first describedDynamic equilibrium? +Galileo realized that simple velocity addition demands that what concept did not exist? +Who first describedDynamic equilibrium? +Where would the falling cannonball land in an Aristotelian universe? +Where did the falling cannonball land? +What is a simple case of dynamic equilibrium? +What kind of force opposes the applied force? +What is a simple case of dynamic equilibrium? +Who misinterpreted the motion as being caused by applied force? +What equation describes quantum mechanics? +The Schrödinger equation is now described by what? +What are potentials V(x,y,z) or fields treated similar to? +What are the results of a measurement sometimes sometimes called? +What notion keeps its meaning in quantum mechanics? +What is the discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called? +What principle relates the space and spin variables? +What is the discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called? +What spins must be symmetric? +What must be antisymmetric? +In modern particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as what? +What is the mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge bosons? +What is a redundant concept arising from? +What is a conceptually simple way to describe interactions? +How is each matter particle represented in a Feynman diagram? +How many fundamental interactions are there in the universe? +Which two forces are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles? +What acts between electric charges? +The gravitational force acts between what two elements? +What principle does not permit atoms to pass through each other? +Who unified the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics? +In what century did quantum mechanics begin? +The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of what? +What type of unification is still being developed? +Who wrote the work that identified gravity as a universal force? +Who was instrumental in describing the characteristics of falling objects? +What is the magnitude of the acceleration? +Where is the magnitude of the acceleration taken from? +The force of gravity on an object at the Earth's surface is directly proportional to what? +How could the effects of gravity be observed at larger distances? +The acceleration of what body could be ascribed to the same force of gravity? +The acceleration due to gravity is proportional to what? +What is the formula that relates the mass and the radius of the Earth? +What is Newton's Universal Gravitation Constant known as? +Who made the first measurement of using a torsion balance? +When was Henry Cavendish able to make the first measurement of using a torsion balance? +Who created the Universal Gravitation Constant? +What did Newton's Law of Gravitation explain? +What is another name for Vulcan? +What theory did Albert Einstein come up with? +Who formulated the theory of general relativity? +Who formulated the theory of general relativity? +What theory has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity? +The straight line path in space-time is called what? +What is the time derivative of the changing momentum of an object called? +When can the curvature of space-time be observed? +What describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field? +The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of what? +What describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field? +What can be written as a sum of? +Who unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations? +In what year did James Clerk Maxwell unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations? +How many scalar equations were used in Maxwell's theory? +How many scalar equations were later reformulated into 4 vector equations? +Who unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations? +How many observations did electromagnetic theory attempt to reconcile? +How was electromagnetism developed? +What is another name for quantum electrodynamics? +What are wave-particles known as? +What is another name for quantum electrodynamics? +What is a common misconception to ascribe stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to? +The Pauli exclusion principle is a result of what principle? +Why are electrons in a material densely packed together? +How is the effect manifested macroscopically? +What is a common misconception to ascribe stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to? +The Pauli exclusion principle is a result of what principle? +Why are electrons in a material densely packed together? +How is the effect manifested macroscopically? +The strong force only acts directly upon what particles? +What is observed between nucleons in atomic nuclei? +What force acts between nucleons in atomic nuclei? +What form part of the virtual pi and rho mesons? +What is the phenomenon of color confinement called? +What is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons? +What is the most familiar effect of beta decay? +What is the most familiar effect of beta decay? +How many times less than a strong force is field strength? +How many kelvins does the electroweak theory say electromagnetic forces and weak force are indistinguishable at? +The repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact are called what? +What does Pauli repulsion do when electron clouds overlap? +What causes Pauli repulsion? +The repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact are called what? +How can tension forces be modeled? +What can ideal strings be combined with? +Ideal strings transmit tension forces instantaneously in what pairs? +What does the tandem effects result in? +How can tension force on a load be multiplied? +Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics were first developed to describe how forces affect what? +Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics were first developed to describe how forces affect what? +What kind of structure does matter have in real life? +What might affect other parts of an object? +What kind of structure does matter have in real life? +What accounts for forces that cause all strains? +What terms are associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area? +What terms are associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area? +What type of formalism includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal? +What is the rotational equivalent for? +What is unbalanced torque? +What can be used to derive an analogous equation for the instantaneous angular acceleration of the rigid body? +Where is the unbalanced centripetal force always directed? +What do forces act perpendicular to? +What type of force is always directed toward the center of the curving path? +What direction is the unit vector pointing in? +Which force accelerates the object by slowing it down or speeding it up? +A conservative force that acts on a closed system has an associated mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between what? +A conservative force that acts on a closed system has an associated mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between what two forms? +What is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on the system? +The force is related directly to what? +The direction and amount of a flow of water can be considered to be an artifact of what? +What is impossible to model for certain physical scenarios? +What is impossible to model forces as being due to? +What is caused by gradients of numerous electrostatic potentials between atoms? +What type of forces include tension, compression and drag? +How is the connection between macroscopic nonconservative forces and microscopic conservative forces described? +The connection between macroscopic and microscopic forces is described by detailed treatment with what? +The connection between macroscopic and microscopic forces is described by detailed treatment with what? +What law states that nonconservative forces necessarily result in energy transformations within closed systems? +The connection between macroscopic and microscopic forces is described by detailed treatment with what? +What is the force exerted by standard gravity on one kilogram of mass? +What is another name for kilogram-force? +What is the name of the unit of mass that accelerates at 1 m·s−2 when subjected to 1 kgf? +What is the equivalent to 1000 lbf? +What is the equivalent to 1000 N? \ No newline at end of file