You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""February 25, 2021

The power of AI in industrial automation

The most advanced approaches to fully intelligent robotic systems

AI (artificial intelligence) enables the automation of a growing number of business processes and industrial applications. The scope and pace of smart automation are directly dependent on the advancements in AI and as such have experienced giant leaps forward in recent years. Combined with powerful 3D machine vision, AI enables robots to recognize, localize, and handle any type of object and thus automate tasks that would be too dangerous, monotonous, or otherwise demanding for humans.

AI-powered recognition and handling of boxes

But what is meant by AI in industrial automation, how does it work, and what possibilities does it open to factories and businesses striving for modernity, innovation, and increased productivity? First of all, let’s have a look at the very beginnings of AI and its gradual development.

From the first architectures to convolutional neural networks

The term AI may represent a number of machine capabilities and processes – from simple statistics through decision trees up to neural networks, such as convolutional neural networks, or even more advanced approaches such as reinforcement learning.

The history of the development of AI witnessed several approaches but neural networks proved to be the most promising and interesting thanks to their ability to generalize.

In the 1990s and early 2000s, neural networks received great attention thanks to the first successful applications of character recognition that included the reading of handwritten numbers in bank checks and letter zipcodes. These neural networks were trained on a so-called MNIST dataset (standing for Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology), which is a collection of handwritten digits from 0 to 9 used in machine learning and machine vision for training image processing systems. MNIST dataset served as the basis for benchmarking classification algorithms and is still used today for training and testing purposes.

MNIST dataset

Though these classical neural networks are able to learn practically anything, they represent an old, fully-connected architecture and training them requires a lot of time and effort. This is because all neurons in one layer are fully connected to the neurons in the next layer – which means a huge number of parameters to learn, rising with the size of an image. Though the performance of computers improved over time, it still takes very long to train the recognition of even small images.

A turning point in the development of AI was marked by the introduction of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). CNNs are mainly used for analyzing visual imagery, including image classification or pattern recognition, and form the backbone of many modern machine vision systems. Another main field of application is natural language processing.

A CNN is, very loosely speaking, inspired by the visual cortex system in the brain. The main idea behind CNNs is not to connect all neurons with one another, as is the case with fully connected networks, but only with neighboring neurons to create proximity, since neighboring inputs, such as pixels, carry related information. This means that CNNs can have several layers and neurons in one layer are only connected to neurons in the next layer that are spatially close to them. This reduces complexity, the number of neurons in the network, and consequently also the number of parameters to learn. Thanks to this, CNNs are faster to train, need fewer samples, and can also be applied to larger images.

The term “convolutional” refers to the filtering process through which CNNs detect patterns. The individual layers convolve, i.e. combine, the input and pass the result to the next layer.

The progress in the development of CNNs has also been accelerated by the advancements in graphics processing units (GPUs). Their performance and calculation power have improved immensely over the past few years, opening up new possibilities for training CNNs.

One of the most recognized leaders in the field of AI, often referred to as the “Godfather of AI”, is Geoffrey Hinton. He has a degree in experimental psychology and artificial intelligence. This combination gave him great insight into how to train artificial neural networks.

In 2012 his student Alex Krizhevsky marked another turning point in AI when he created a CNN that was able to mimic the way the human brain recognizes objects. The CNN was named the AlexNet and for the first time in history enabled a machine to identify objects like a person.

This breakthrough popularized convolutional neural networks and showed the huge range of applications where CNNs could be used.

Training a convolutional neural network

In object recognition, it is important that a CNN has a property called invariance. This means that it is invariant to translation, viewpoint, size, or illumination to be able to interpret input patterns and classify objects regardless of where and how they are placed in an image. To achieve this, CNN needs to be trained on a certain amount of examples. One of the best practices to increase the amount of relevant data in a dataset is data augmentation.

Augmentation is the practice of modifying input data, i.e. the original image, to generate several other, slightly altered versions of it. Augmentation techniques include horizontal or vertical flipping, rotation, scaling, cropping, moving the image along the X or Y direction, and others.

Training a CNN on an altered data makes its neurons immune to such augmentations and prevents it from learning irrelevant patterns. A flipped parrot will thus still be recognized as a parrot.

AI-powered recognition and picking of fish

What comes very handy here is so-called transfer learning. To eliminate the amount of training data, one can use an existing and already trained network and apply some of its filters for the recognition of new kinds of objects. For instance, a network trained for the recognition of dogs can also be used for the recognition of cats by keeping some of its filters and modifying only a certain part of it. This means that the network will adapt to the recognition of cats.

Benefits of modular convolutional neural networks

The great value of CNNs lies in their architecture and the fact that the individual modules look at single image blocks. The modules do not need to be trained simultaneously and can be easily joined together. Combining these well-trained modules gave rise to complex architectures that can be used for segmentation

In contrast to the AlexNet, which can only recognize what is in the image, these complex CNNs can do object segmentation and define the object’s location in the image.

This modularity enables one to use various input channels, which means that if the CNN was used for black & white data, it can also be used for color data, and if it was used for color data, it can be extended by depth information. Adding additional information boosts the CNN’s performance, which includes increased accuracy and better recognition of objects and their positions.

From object recognition to smart automation solutions

Based on the above features and characteristics of convolutional neural networks, Photoneo took CNNs as a basis for its advanced robotic intelligence systems and automation solutions

Photoneo’s CNN works with black & white data, color data, as well as depth information. The algorithms are trained on a large dataset of objects and if they come across new types of items, they can quickly generalize, that is, recognize and classify objects which it has not “seen” before.

Let’s take the concept of a box, for instance. The algorithms were trained on a large dataset of boxes so they understand that a box has a certain amount of faces, edges, and vertices. This principle will also work for boxes that the algorithms have not come across before, even squeezed or damaged ones. The greatest value of AI lies in the fact that it can generalize concepts that it was trained on without further retraining.

AI-powered recognition of boxes

This enables Photoneo systems to recognize items of various shapes, sizes, colors, or materials – a robotic ability used for the localization and handling of mixed objects, including organic items such as fruit or fish, sorting of parcels, unloading of pallets laden with boxes, and many other industrial applications.

Localization and handling of mixed objects

It might also happen that the algorithms come across objects with features that are fundamentally different from those the algorithms were trained on. This might confuse the CNN and cause a decrease in its performance. What can be done to solve this problem is either to prevent it by expecting exotic objects or to have a good retraining system. In the latter case, the performance will be temporarily lower but the CNN will be retrained to reach full performance rather quickly.

In case a customer needs to pick unusual items or non-commercial products such as industrial components, the CNN can be trained on a specific dataset containing these exotic items.

When it comes to the realization of a customer project, the customer receives Photoneo’s CNN for pilot testing and a feasibility study to ensure that the network can be used for that particular application. This CNN can then be improved and further trained on images from the pilot phase of the project, which will provide greater variability.

The greatest challenge in AI-powered object recognition and picking

The greatest challenge could also be described as the last puzzle piece that was missing in the range of pickable objects. This last piece was bags

The difficulty lies in the nature of bags since they are extremely deformable and full of wrinkles, folds, and other irregularities. Despite the challenges that bags pose to AI, Photoneo developed a system that is able to recognize and pick bags, may they be full, half-empty, colored, transparent, or semi-transparent. This task is often challenging even for the human eye, which may find it difficult to recognize boundaries between bags that are chaotically placed in a container, especially if they are transparent.

Recognition of bags

However, good recognition and localization of bags are only part of the precondition for successful object picking. The other part relates to the mechanical side of an application – the robot gripper. The fact that bags are full of folds and wrinkles increases the risk that they will fall off the gripper. This risk can be prevented by using an appropriate vacuum gripper with feedback.

Future developments of AI

Despite significant advancements that have been made in AI in recent years, the field still offers a vast space for new achievements. For instance, so-called reinforcement learning receives great attention as it seems to be very promising in suggesting complex movements, for instance allowing a robot to adjust the position of an item before grasping it.

Reinforcement learning is not only able to cope with object recognition but also with mechanical problems of an application. This means that it not only enables a system to recognize items but also assess the individual steps of a robot action on the basis of rewards and punishments and “calculate” the chance of success or failure. In other words, AI algorithms are trained to make a sequence of decisions that will lead to actions maximizing the total reward. An example of the power of reinforcement learning is mastering and winning the board game of Go.

Despite its immense potential, reinforcement learning is closely linked to the environment it is set in and to the limitations it may pose. For example, the deployed gripper and its functionalities and limitations will always influence a system’s overall performance.

AI is the main driver of emerging technologies and its developments will be very dependent on a number of factors, including market demands, customer expectations, competition, and many others.

Recent blog posts

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12.10.2021, BLOG

What is machine tending

22.07.2021, BLOG"""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text sample is well-structured with clear headings and sections, making it easy to follow and visually organized."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text maintains a clear, informative tone with a professional style appropriate for a technical article."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text is highly informative, providing detailed information about AI and CNNs, including their history, applications, and future developments."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content primarily focuses on AI and industrial automation, which are common knowledge in the field, making it somewhat specialized but not niche."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""What are in tobacco?

Maudie Volkman asked a question: What are in tobacco?
Asked By: Maudie Volkman
Date created: Sat, Mar 20, 2021 7:33 PM

Those who are looking for an answer to the question «What are in tobacco?» often ask the following questions:

🚬 What is in chewing tobacco tobacco?

nicotine, acetone and something else that is commonly found in urine

🚬 What kind of tobacco is pipe tobacco?

Although the varieties of tobacco are vast, the following seven are the most well-known and commonly used in pipe tobacco: Burley Tobacco. Cavendish Tobacco. Dark Fired Kentucky Tobacco.

🚬 What eats tobacco?

Weevils eat cigars.

1 other answer

A single puff of tobacco contains more than 4000 chemicals and 40 of them are highly dangerous and can cause death and serious forms of lung cancer. For this reason, tobacco has been banned on all domestic flights in the U.S. The reason many people crave tobacco is because tobacco contains nicotine. Nicotine is the substance that increases the craving for tobacco. It speeds up the heart rate which increases the craving for tobacco. People who use tobacco daily create a tolerance for tobacco. Tolerance is when the body develops a need for larger and larger doses of drugs to feel the same effect. Tobacco also contains tarwhich is a black substance which coats the linings of the lung. Tar creates a disease called emphysema which destroys the lungs. In addition, tobacco contains carbon monoxide which is a colorless, oderless, poisonous gas.All things considered, it is important to avoid tobacco. Many people think that smokeless tobacco is a good alternative. But it is not true. In fact, smokeless tobacco contains more nicotine and tar than cigarettes do.Pregnant mothers should not use tobacco for risks of birth defects in their child. If they do, they risk their child being a smoke addict.The most dangerous type of smoke is sidestream smoke which is the smoke that directly comes from the burning end of a cigar. This is the most dangerous because the smoke has not been filtered like mainstream smoke is. Mainstream smoke is the smoke that smokers inhale and exhale. This smoke has been filtered and processed through your body. Another type of smoke is second-hand smoke which is air that has been contaminated by cigars. People who breathe in this air are known as passive smokers. Passive smokers are non-smokers who breathe in second-hand smoke.Overall, it is important to stay away from tobacco as it contributes to lung cancer and stomach ulcers and even death.DON'T TRY TOBACCO.

Your Answer

We've handpicked 23 related questions for you, similar to «What are in tobacco?» so you can surely find the answer!

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basicly snuf

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smoke nicotine

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pipe marlboro bag of tobacco

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What is pouch tobacco?

  • Tobacco pouch. A tobacco pouch is a pouch used to hold tobacco. They are often made out of leather, and once were made of sealskin.

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What is raw tobacco?

  • “Raw tobacco is any part of the tobacco plant (leaf, stem etc.) that has been harvested from the ground, but does not yet meet the definition of ‘other smoking tobacco’ or ‘hand rolling tobacco’”...

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What is smoked tobacco?

Smoke tobacco are tobaccos you light up. Example: cigarettes, pipes, and cigars

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What is snoose tobacco?

What is Snoose tobacco?

  • Snus -- pronounced "snoose," like “loose” -- is a smokeless, moist powder tobacco pouch from Sweden that you place under your top lip. It comes in flavors such as mint and wintergreen .

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What is spitless tobacco?

Oral nicotine products are used similarly to snus – a type of smokeless tobacco pouch that does not produce saliva, making it spit-less – but, unlike snus, they do not contain leaf tobacco.

Read more"""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text is mostly well-structured with clear headings and paragraphs, but there are some formatting inconsistencies like extra spaces and inconsistent indentation."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text maintains a straightforward, informative tone without a distinct authorial voice or style."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text provides specific, detailed information about tobacco, including chemicals, types, health risks, and effects, which adds substantial substance."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content covers various aspects of tobacco but is focused on common knowledge rather than niche or specialized information."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""What is Dementia? A guide on what the person with dementia is going through and how to support

As dementia is such a broad range of topic, we will cover this in a 2 part article. In this article, we will talk about what exactly Dementia is, what the affected person is going through and how we can best support them.

What is dementia?

Dementia is an umbrella term to describe issues with memory, speech, critical thinking skills that can interfere with daily living caused by abnormal brain changes.

As it is a progressive disease, the affected person starts to experience personality/behavior changes, difficulty in remembering things, communication issues and the ability to take care of themselves.

Although Alzheimer’s and dementia are commonly used interchangeably, Alzheimer’s is actually a common form of dementia that falls under the category of dementia.

What is the person going through with dementia?

An affected person knows that something is off and as more incidents of forgetfulness and uncertainty of the future causes them to feel anxious. “Where am I?”, “Am I causing stress to my family?”, “What is waiting for me in the future” are all common internal dialogue that a person with dementia is constantly asking themselves.

As things that a person used to enjoy becomes harder due to cognitive decline, they often fall into a depressive state. Depression takes motivation away which in turn causes a vicious cycle that makes the person inactive, become socially isolated and unable to enjoy their hobbies like before.

Confusion often leads the person in an iriitated state that can cause them to lash out by yelling, cussing and getting aggressive. Even a person who have never been physically aggressive can develop this behavior.

Tips on supporting a person with dementia

Compassion and empathy – Compassion and empathy goes a long way, especially for caregivers and family who takes care of a person with dementia. Try to put yourself in their shoes and imagine if you became confused about your whereabouts, what time it is and even doubting who you are. How would you like to be treated? Responding with affection, reassurance and support will give the person comfort and your relationship with them will be much easier.

Speak clearly and break down questions as simple as possible. Try to speak slowly using simple words and sentences with positive attitude. If they have a hard time hearing, instead of raising your voice, lower the pitch of your voice. If they are not able to comprehend your question, rephrase your question using other simple words. Be patient in waiting for a reply. A person with dementia often have a hard time formulating words to respond so try to listen with your complete presence. If they are struggling for a response, you can make suggestions and offer visual cues such as drawing on a piece of paper to guide them.

Dementia care may be challenging but with the right attitude and educating yourself about dementia can drastically improve the care you provide.

At Holly Services, we have been helping clients with dementia in Southern California since 2004. Our experienced caregivers provide personalized support that can keep seniors with dementia safe and sound in the comfort of their own home.  Feel free to  contact us with any questions about our specialized dementia care today.

Leave a comment

You must be logged in to post a comment."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text is well-structured with clear headings and paragraphs. Formatting is consistent and professional, with no noticeable issues."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text maintains a professional and informative tone throughout, with a clear and distinctive authorial voice."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text provides informative content, including definitions, symptoms, and support tips. However, some sections could be more detailed."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content covers general dementia information and tips, which are common knowledge. No niche or specialized domain knowledge is present."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""Eastchurch CofE Primary School

Interactive Bar

Facebook Facebook
Twitter Twitter
Google Search
Google Translate

Wednesday 24th February 2021

Wednesday 24/02/21

Activity 6- The hen

What other characters are in the story? Are they all people? What would you do if you found a self playing harp or hen that laid golden eggs? Can you make your own hen? You can draw one, paint one or use materials. Take a look at this paper plate hen. You can use it for ideas.

Activity 7 – making a beanstalk

Can you build a model of a beanstalk? What materials make it able to stand and be stable?"""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text is mostly clear with minor formatting issues like extra spaces and inconsistent date formatting. It's not disorganized but could be more polished."},
  "voice": {"score": 0, "justification": "The tone is generic, lacking a distinct authorial style or voice that would make it memorable or distinctive."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The content provides some information about activities for children but is somewhat vague and could benefit from more specific details or examples."},
  "diversity": {"score": 0, "justification": "The content covers common educational activities (making a beanstalk, hen craft) without any specialized or niche knowledge."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""CodeBreakers Video Library

This is a course of short animated videos to help you understand jargon related to literacy.

This selection of short, animated videos will help you to understand:

How to label letters of the alphabet, tricky sequencing, letter reversals, alternate labelling

What is the difference between a letter name or sound

What is a consonant or vowel

What is a noun, verb, adjective or adverb

What is a syllable

The difference between a syllable and sound

What is a blend

What is a digraph

What is a prefix or suffix

Paste and present tense

Word morphology

What is a homophone

We’ll keep adding to the content, please pop by and visit again soon if you can’t see the video you’re looking for."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text sample is well-structured with clear headings and concise content, making it easy to follow. The formatting is professional with no noticeable issues."},
  "voice": {"score": 0, "justification": "The text lacks a distinct authorial voice or style; it is generic and informative without a unique tone."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text provides specific information about literacy concepts, such as letter sounds, word morphology, and parts of speech, which adds substantial value to the content."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content covers common literacy topics without any specialized or niche knowledge."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""1. epiphysis

noun. the end of a long bone; initially separated from the main bone by a layer of cartilage that eventually ossifies so the parts become fused.

  • long bone

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2. epiphysis

noun. a small endocrine gland in the brain; situated beneath the back part of the corpus callosum; secretes melatonin.

  • pineal body
  • ductless gland
  • endocrine gland
  • epiphysis cerebri
  • endocrine

Example sentences of the word epiphysis

1. Noun, singular or mass
Each epiphysis is capped with articular cartilage that connects the bone to the rest of the body while simultaneously cushioning the end of the bone."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text is somewhat organized but has formatting issues, such as repeated terms and lack of proper structure in some sections. It's mostly clear, but minor formatting problems are present."},
  "voice": {"score": 0, "justification": "The text has a generic tone with no distinct authorial style or voice."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text provides some information about the term 'epiphysis' but includes some redundant entries and lacks depth in explanations."},
  "diversity": {"score": 0, "justification": "The text consists mostly of common and specialized medical knowledge about 'epiphysis,' lacking niche or rare domain information."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""Wednesday, May 24, 2017

Welcome Summer 17' Students

Enjoy posting and commenting!  Please keep comments to your classmates posts above this one.

  1. Theories of Punishment

  2. Avoidance
    By: Ramanpreet Kaur

    Discussing Avoidance and Escape

    Avoidance was discussed in the book and the slides provided for the “Psychology of learning” class. Being a part of the class, I found it interesting to write about avoidance and the topics that go alongside it. Escape and avoidance are two synonymous and linked terms that are promptly shown in our powerpoints by Professor Berg, as well as our very own “Learning and Behavior” textbook, which so greatly illustrates these two phenomenons.

    One slide in the powerpoint had “Escape” as the title. Escape was discussed by the following: “Escape from rain by running indoors when it starts” is a scenario where one would benefit from escaping the situation. It would come into play since we are prone to run away from anything that has the potential to cause us harm or illness. In this case, the probability of individuals falling ill would be high because our body temperature would decrease unnaturally due to heavy rainfall. The end result would be a flu or a cold.

    Falling ill is something that no one likes. We invariably are led to avoid certain things that cause illness. The same can be said to avoid heavy rainfall and downpour since our bodies are not used to getting sticky from the water, and then being forced to go home and take a long shower as a result. Furthermore, the itchiness and the uncleanliness that comes with that kind of water is annoying in itself. Hence, our motivation to take a leave from such situations (like rain).

    Continuing forward our discussion of avoidance, I would like to compare how the scenario of avoidance is contrasted with the discussion of “Escape.” In the very same powerpoint, it states that avoidance would be the following: “Avoid the rain completely by getting inside before the storm starts.” I thought this was a wonderful point to make as when we don’t want to deal with a certain stimuli, we would just completely rule it out, and do anything it takes to avoid it. This is the same case and the same scenario. I found the topic of avoidance and escape to be extremely significant so much that I decided to write a post about it. It definitely makes for an interesting discussion. Hope to see some comments on this so we can learn from one another."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 2, "justification": "The formatting is mostly clear but has some inconsistencies like extra spaces and inconsistent indentation. It's not fully polished but not disorganized."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text has a personal tone, but it's not distinct enough to stand out as a unique authorial voice."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The content is informative but not overly dense. It covers the topic of avoidance and escape in a clear and concise manner."},
  "diversity": {"score": 0, "justification": "The content is based on common knowledge about avoidance and escape, with no specialized or niche information."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""Optimizing Brain Health for Effective Studying

O Level Home Tuition Singapore

Have you ever asked yourself what it would be like to have a brain that functions like a computer, where calculations can be easily done in a matter of milliseconds and you can store information without forgetting it? Well, we obviously can’t achieve any of those, seeing as we are all human beings. However, there are ways with which we can improve our brain’s function by keeping our brain in optimum health and condition. This article is dedicated to educating individuals as to how to keep their brains healthy and in optimal performance so that they can effectively learn and study.

Importance of a healthy brain

Various benefits come with a brain that is performing at an optimal status. Here are a few of the benefits having a healthy and well-maintained brain has to offer:

1. Provides better focus

Have you ever experienced being so stressed out or deprived of sleep that it gets progressively more difficult to keep your focus on things as the day goes on? Well, this is a common occurrence once an individual’s brain is not in desired health.

A brain that operates at an optimal status will have no problem keeping focus on the tasks an individual does or the lectures they attend. Having a brain in tip-top shape may even improve the focus of an individual. Especially if that individual has been going day by day without proper care for their brain’s health.

2. Improves memory storage and retention

A healthy brain not only leads to better focus but will also provide an individual with a better time storing and remembering information. If a brain is fatigued, the electric signals that the brain utilizes to retrieve information from the numerous neuron links get considerably slower. This makes memory retention and even storage a harder task than they should be.

However, once an individual’s brain operates at optimal status, the electric signals that travel from neuron to neuron travel far better than a fatigued brain. Thus, improving the memory storage and retention of an individual.

3. Allows better absorption of knowledge

Another huge benefit in the field of academics that comes with having a healthy brain is that it allows for better absorption of knowledge. This not only includes facts and trivia but also theories and formulas that will be taught to an individual.

This is due to the improved rate of electrical signals that travel from neuron to neuron within the brain. Once an individual can retrieve information from their memory quickly, they will be able to piece together simpler theories in order to understand more complex theories and thus, is able to absorb knowledge better.

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How to keep your brain in good shape

Now that we have discussed why it is desirable to have a brain that is in good shape, let us now move on to the methods as to how to keep your brain in good health.

1. Mind your diet

When one talks about the health of any body part in the human body, the most probable first thing to come to mind would be the diet one takes in. However, this is not the regular cutting of calories type of diet that should be done but is instead the type of diet where the nutrients and vitamins one intakes are controlled and monitored.

For your brain to be healthy, you also need to eat a combination of food that are rich in vitamins and minerals that will help your brain function better. The most basic of which would be a diet consisting of complex carbohydrates, lean protein, vegetables, and healthy fats.

However, eating healthy foods is not the only thing you should keep watch of in your diet. You also need to stay away from deep-fried comfort foods and junk foods in general. Not only do these foods have a high concentration of unwanted fats and salt which are bad for your health, but will also make you feel sluggish and fatigued after you consume them.

Another thing to keep in mind is to stay away from alcohol. Alcohol is a depressant that, when taken in large doses, will result in feelings of sluggishness, disorientation, slower reaction times, and even a less responsive nervous system. These are all bad results that you should avoid if you want to have a brain that is healthy and in tip-top shape.

2. Remember to hydrate yourself

Hydration comes hand in hand with an individual’s diet when it comes to maintaining and improving one’s health. Hydration is so important that it is one of the primary reasons life has existed and evolved on this planet. Hydration is one of the necessities of the human body which plays such a large role that not getting enough of it can actually cause death in some cases.

Hydrating yourself regularly by drinking the recommended 6-8 glasses of water (or roughly about 2 liters worth of water) per day not only provides your body with benefits but your brain as well.

Your brain is made up of approximately 73% water, which indicates the importance of regular hydration towards keeping the brain healthy. If you happen to lack a sufficient amount of hydration during exam time, then you will experience symptoms such as a shortened attention span, impaired memory function, and even difficulty with concentration.

Water is also important not only for keeping your brain sharp but for maintaining the general health and well-being of the brain and other organs as well. Water helps deliver nutrients that your brain needs in order to function properly while also flushing out any waste that the body produces.

3. Get a good night’s sleep

Resting well and being able to replenish a day’s worth of consumed energy is essential for a healthy and well-maintained brain. Not only does getting enough hours of sleep allow for better absorption of knowledge learned throughout the day, but some studies also show that sleeping can help get rid of waste products excreted by the brain which allow for better overall brain activity.

If you aren’t sold on the fact that sleep helps keep your brain performing at its best, then try to recall the last time you had a late-night cramming session without any follow-up studying the next day. If you have tried this, then chances are that you have forgotten or have trouble recalling the things you studied for the night before.

This is due to the overbearing fatigue that the brain has experienced throughout the exam period. Not only are you pumping in loads of knowledge into the brain and expecting it to remember everything, but you are also making your brain work overtime. This will inevitably result in a decrease in brain function and the brain’s overall health.

However, once you are properly rested every day by following the recommended number of hours a person should sleep, it will allow your brain to get its well-needed rest. It will also give your brain time to process and digest information that was put into it over the day which helps strengthen the neuron chains that allow for better memory retention.

Not only that but getting the right amount of sleep also keeps the body in good shape. Lack of sleep can lead to serious consequences such as a compromised immune system, high blood pressure, and even depression. All of which can affect your brain function one way or another.

4. Try out some exercises

Another way to help maintain brain health and make sure that it performs at its best is to get your regular dose of exercise. But who has time for exercise when there are exams to prepare for? Well, the answer is you, if you can manage your time well.

Exercise offers a myriad of benefits for the body, but its benefits are not limited to the muscles in your body. First off, especially aerobic exercises, improve a person’s alertness, attention span, and also promotes positive thinking. Exercise also prepares and encourages the nerve endings to bind with one another, which makes the electrical signals traveling from neuron to neuron go faster which promotes memory retention and also helps make digesting information a whole lot easier.

The best exercises that allow a student to stay physically and mentally fit, while still having enough time to do other activities include: walking around the block for at least 30 minutes, going for a quick bike ride, doing a few laps in a pool (if you have access to any), or doing simple yoga poses at your home.

5. Manage your stress levels

When things are getting challenging and feels like too much for a student, it can be very easy to build up stress. Stress is a natural bodily response that human beings demonstrate when they feel endangered by their surroundings. And when you are surrounded by project deadlines, exams, and piles of paperwork, it is almost impossible not to feel the slightest bit of stress.

A little bit of stress isn’t that bad. It can be considered as a spark that is a source of motivation that will drive you towards reaching your goal. However, when that spark grows into an uncontrollable fire that threatens to devour you, then it will be a huge problem to deal with.

Dealing with stress differs from person to person, but there are a few methods that you can test out to see if it will help reduce your stress levels. First is to do a quick self-examination of what things are stressing you out. Is it schoolwork? Social struggles? Financial issues? Then try to work out a solution for what is stressing you out and make it a goal to achieve that solution.

You can also try doing hitting two birds with one stone by doing yoga in order to get your daily exercise while also allowing your stress levels to calm down a bit.

And the last method is to speak with someone about your worries. Keeping what is stressing you out bottled inside you will only cause the explosion it will cause to become stronger. So, it is better to let it all out before it gets too overbearing.

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```json
{
  "format": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text is well-structured with clear headings and paragraphs, making it easy to follow. Formatting issues are minimal."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text maintains a professional and informative tone, though it lacks a distinct personal style or unique voice."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text provides detailed information on various aspects of brain health, including diet, hydration, sleep, exercise, and stress management, with specific examples and explanations."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content, while informative, focuses on general brain health topics and does not delve into specialized or niche domains."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""Dental Tips for Children

By: Excellence in Dentistry

Did you know that what your children eat on a daily basis will affect the health of their teeth not just now but later in life?  The foods that we choose for them and how often they are permitted to consume snacks, is directly related to the health of their teeth and gums.  The following are some healthy eating tips from Excellence in Dentistry:

  1. Limit snacking and drinking between meals.
  2. It is best to drink water all day.
  3. When providing snacks, offer good choices.
    • Some foods help to cleanse the teeth such as fibrous foods like celery, carrots, and apples.
    • Dairy foods, like cheeses and yogurts are great options because foods containing dairy help to increase the flow of saliva and they are high in calcium.
  4. Limit sugary foods and drinks. A few on our “bad” list are:
    • Fruit snacks
    • Sticky candy like taffy
    • Swedish fish
    • Sour patch kids
  5. If you are going to offer pop and sugary drinks, it is best to only offer at meal times and to consume all in one sitting. Sipping all day long can cause even more damage to children’s teeth.
  6. It is always best to brush after every meal and snack, but if you are unable to have your children do that, then offer water and have them rinse their mouth really well.
  7. Allowing children to snack and drink all day long will cause more decay, especially if what is being offered is full of sugar or is a sticky food.
  8. Foods eaten at meal times have less of a chance of causing dental decay because more saliva is produced during this time.
    • Saliva helps to move and wash food from the mouth. It decreases acids and sugars that cause cavities.

The EID dental team has been providing dental care for over 45 years.  Doctors Mark Bentley, Charles Stevens, Julie Jones Heckman, Ryan Humphreys, and Zach Curtis are committed to educating parents and children on the importance of dental health and making a difference, one smile at a time."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text is well-structured, with clear headings and numbered tips. Formatting issues are minimal, and the content is easy to read. "},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text maintains a professional, authoritative tone consistent with a dental practice providing practical advice."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text provides clear, actionable dental advice but repeats some points (e.g., brushing after meals) and could include more specific examples or statistics."},
  "diversity": {"score": 0, "justification": "The content focuses primarily on common dental health tips for children, with no specialized or rare domain knowledge."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""Frequently Cited Manufacturing OSHA Standards

Q1 2021 Manufacturing Risk Advisor

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) not only keeps records of the most frequently cited standards overall, but also within particular industries. Understanding these standards and taking proactive steps to avoid violations can go a long way toward ensuring workplace safety. When it comes to the manufacturing industry, the following standards are commonly cited and make up more than 45% of all violations:

  • Control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout)—Year over year, poor lockout/tagout practices regularly lead to violations for manufacturers. Per OSHA’s standards, any machine that has the potential to release energy must be set to a zero-energy state and locked to prevent the accidental start up and release of that energy. To protect employees and avoid violations, businesses should create a written lockout/tagout program that outlines machine-specific lockout/tagout procedures, employee training practices and protocols for auditing the program annually.
  • Respiratory protection—This standard is in place to ensure employees are protected against airborne contaminants. In manufacturing settings, hazards can include gases, vapors, dusts, mists, fumes, smoke, sprays and fog—all of which can negatively affect employee health and safety. To safeguard workers, employers must have a written respiratory protection program in place. Additionally, they must select respirators appropriate for the hazard and ensure employees are medically fit to wear a respirator. Employees should be trained on how to wear respirators properly and fit tested to ensure the respirator can protect the employee from the hazard.
  • Machine guarding—Failing to follow machine guarding practices is not only a common source of injury, but it’s also a frequently cited OSHA standard in manufacturing. In general, machine guards are used to protect employees against direct contact with moving parts of equipment, debris, kickbacks, and mechanical and electrical failures. In general, OSHA requires that all machines include the proper guards. It should be noted that there are specific guarding protocols for individual machines and employers will need to regularly train their employees on the appropriate machine guarding protocols.
  • Hazard communication—Employees have the right to know about the hazards of chemicals they work with every day and what precautions they need to take to remain safe on the job. That’s where hazard communication comes into play. Hazard communication programs typically include a written program, safety data sheets for all hazardous chemicals, an up-to-date list of chemicals, chemical labeling practices and employee training.

For more information on these topics and ways your business can protect its employees, contact us today."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text is well-structured with clear headings and bullet points, making it easy to follow. Formatting is consistent and professional."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text maintains a professional and informative tone, typical of OSHA guidelines, without a distinct personal or distinctive authorial voice."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text provides specific, informative details about manufacturing OSHA standards, including examples and steps for compliance, adding distinct and valuable information."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content covers common manufacturing safety standards, which are well-known within the industry, lacking specialized or rare domain knowledge."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""The Galilean Moons of Venus

The full moon night could be the night lovers would give their all to meet. We find in a wide collection of books how young lovers wait with longing for the full moon night. It is as if the night is tailor-made for their passions to flow unrestrained, spontaneous. The author need not delve more into descriptions of any nature to create the perfect ambience if he mentions that it is a full-moon night. The reader knows by instinct and his study of related literature and art to tell what is about to follow. Despite this oddball moon's many exotic attributes, it actually sports one of the most Earth-like surfaces in our Solar System. Titan may also experience volcanic activity, but its volcanoes would erupt with different ingredients than the molten-rock lava that shoots out from the volcanoes of Earth. In dramatic contrast to what occurs on our own planet, Titan's volcanoes erupt icy water "lava" (cryovolcanism). Titan's entire alien surface has been sculpted by gushing methane and ethane, which carves river channels, and fills its enormous great lakes with liquid natural gas. The astronomers observed this effect in the upper layer of the lunar crust, termed the megaregolith. This layer is heavily pockmarked by relatively small craters, measuring only 30 kilometers or less in diameter. In contrast, the deeper layers of lunar crust, that are scarred by larger craters, appear not to have been as badly battered, and are, therefore, less porous and fractured."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text is well-structured but has minor issues like inconsistent capitalization and punctuation. It's readable but not polished or professional."},
  "voice": {"score": 0, "justification": "The text lacks a distinct authorial voice or style. It's generic and does not convey a unique perspective or tone."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text provides specific information about the Galilean Moons and Titan, adding distinct details and insights rather than being filler or vague."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content, while informative, pertains to common astronomical topics and does not demonstrate niche or rare domain knowledge."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""How do taxes work in Canada?

By: Updated: June 15, 2021

Topics: ,

No one loves paying income taxes, but they make up about half of the revenue that the federal government needs to deliver services to Canadians. Fortunately, there are ways to reduce the amount of tax that you pay. Read on for more information about how the income tax system works and for some tax-saving tips.

What is income tax?

First, the basics. Income tax is payable on most forms of income, such as wages, self-employment earnings, capital gains and investment dividends.

The good news is that some income is not taxable. This includes lottery winnings (woo-hoo!), most inheritances and gifts, and life insurance payouts.

How much do Canadians pay in taxes? Surprisingly, not all Canadians pay income tax. About a third of tax filers owe nothing at all. The Canada Revenue Agency encourages everyone to file a return, even if your tax bill is zero. That’s because you may be eligible for government programs such as the child tax benefit, GST credits and the Guaranteed Income Supplement.

The deadline to pay your income taxes is April 30 following the tax year. It’s important to submit on time because the government charges penalties for late-filing.

How do tax brackets work in Canada?

Canada has a progressive tax system in which people who earn higher incomes pay more. No one pays tax on the first $13,808 in income – this is known as the basic personal amount.

Income tax rates in Canada are determined by federal tax brackets. The tax rate on the first $49,020 is 15 percent. The highest tax bracket is 33 percent on taxable income above $216,511. It’s important to note that when a taxpayer moves into a higher tax bracket, they only pay tax on the incremental amount, not on their entire income.

These are just the federal tax brackets in Canada. Each province has its own income tax brackets, although the funds are all collected by Ottawa.

How does a tax refund work in Canada?

Most people have tax deducted from their paycheques. Their employer then remits these funds to the federal government. At the end of the year, you file your tax return – and the government will give you a refund if you have paid too much. Lucky you, right? Well, sort of. When you receive a refund, it simply means that the government has kept your money for an entire year without paying you any interest. If you want to reduce the amount of tax deducted each pay period, you can submit a request to CRA using a T1213 form. If approved, this will put more money in your pocket every month, although it will mean a smaller refund when you file your taxes.

How can you reduce your income tax?

Two of the most popular ways to pay less tax are to open a Tax Free Savings Account and/or a Registered Retirement Savings Plan.

RRSPs help you to reduce your current taxes and save for your retirement. That’s because your contributions are tax deductible up to a certain limit depending on your income (check your Canada Revenue Agency notice of assessment for your maximum contribution for this year). High-income earners can contribute up to $27,830 in 2021.

While RRSPs are designed for retirement savings, you can actually withdraw funds at any time. Suppose you need to put a new roof on your house – you can either borrow the money or take some money out of your RRSP. However, you will be hit with a tax withholding on your withdrawal and will have to pay tax on it. So you must decide whether it’s better to draw down your RRSP or borrow for the roof.

How does a tax free savings account work in Canada? Contributions that you make use after-tax funds. In other words, there is no tax deduction like there is with an RRSP. That’s the bad news. The good news is that any dividends and interest that you earn inside a TFSA are not taxed. So you can withdraw the funds at any time without facing a tax hit.

In our example above of needing a new roof, you can take cash out of a TFSA without triggering tax consequences. So if you have both a TFSA and an RRSP, you may prefer to withdraw funds from the TFSA.

The maximum annual contribution to a TFSA is $6,000 per year. However, if you have not deposited funds in previous years, your contribution room grows annually.

How does a tax deduction work in Canada?

In addition to TFSAs and RRSPs, there are other ways to reduce your taxes. These are called tax deductions.

Some of the key tax deductions are:

  • Child care expenses: You can deduct the cost of daycare and camps for your children. These can be costly so be sure to keep receipts and add them to your tax return.

  • Tuition: Students can deduct tuition fees and living costs up to a certain amount. However, since most students earn little money, they don’t usually need this deduction and can transfer it to a parent. Post-secondary education is expensive so be sure to take advantage of this deduction.

  • Moving expenses: If you are moving out of the area to take a job, you can deduct moving costs. Sorry, you can’t deduct this if you are just moving across town.

  • Support payments paid to your spouse: If you are separated and making payments to your spouse for alimony or child support, these payments may be deductible. There are specific legal requirements so check the rules to see if you are eligible.

These are just some of the available tax deductions. Check the CRA website for a complete list.

How does a tax credit work in Canada?

Tax credits reduce the tax you pay on your taxable income. There are two types – refundable and non-refundable. Refundable credits mean that if you have zero taxable income the government will send you a cheque for the credits. With non-refundable credits, you can eliminate your tax payable but won’t be paid for any remaining credits.

Most tax credits are non-refundable. These include tuition, caregiver amounts, medical expenses and charitable donations.

GST/HST is one tax credit that is refundable. If you are eligible, the government will send you a cheque or direct deposit for the credit.

There is a wide range of tax credits, including special amounts for volunteer firefighters and members of the military. When you are completing your tax return, be sure to apply for everything that fits your situation!

Are you incorporated in Canada?

Small business owners and incorporated individuals in Canada can use a Health Spending Account (HSA) to save on their medical expenses. An HSA is a cost effective alternative to traditional health insurance. The plan covers a wide variety of health and dental expenses. You could save thousands of dollars in taxes with an HSA.

Find out more about Health Spending Account (HSA), download my free guides:

Download the HSA Guide for Incorporated Individuals

Download the HSA Guide for a Business with Staff

What's in this article

Subscribe to thge small buisness outlook

Subscribe to the blog"""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text sample is well-structured with clear headings and paragraphs, making it easy to read. No formatting issues are present."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text maintains a clear, informative tone typical of educational content, with no distinct authorial voice or style."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text provides detailed information about Canadian income tax, including specific brackets, deductions, and credits, which adds substance to the content."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content covers various aspects of Canadian income tax, but it remains within the general domain without specialized or rare domain knowledge."
}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""For individuals longing to have some break from the hustle and bustle of life, heading to somewhere silent and peaceful could provide a much needed respite.

Thankfully, scouting for such quiet place would now be easier thanks to a new map that reveals which parts of America are the loudest and which ones are the quietest.

The map, a National Park Service project presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in San Jose, California on Feb. 16, depicts the noise levels across the U.S. on an average summer day based on 1.5 million hours of acoustic monitoring from places across the country ranging from the remote Dinosaur National Monument in Utah and the highly urbanized New York City.

Kurt Fristrup, from the National Park Service Division of Natural Sounds and Night Skies, and colleagues then fed these acoustic data into a computer algorithm that predicts the noise values in areas where sound was not directly measured, incorporating variables such as street traffic and air.

The deep blue regions in the map, which included the Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado and the Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, indicate areas with background noise levels that are lower than 20 decibels.

The researchers said that this noise level is likely as deep as the one from prior to the European colonization that occurred over 500 years ago and which is significantly quieter than most cities where the average noise levels range between 50 and 60 decibels.

The yellow areas on the map, which include Los Angeles, New York City and Dallas, have noise levels of at least 50 decibels. The map also revealed that the eastern half of the country is louder than the west. The researchers also considered the loudness without the presence of humans and found that the East tend to be the loudest, which is driven by noises produced by waters.

The researchers have come up with the map to identify the areas with sound levels that could affect the survival of some species that have sensitive hearing and need quiet to detect and catch their prey.

Bats and owls, for instance, have ears that are up to 20 decibels more sensitive compared with the human ears. These animals tend to be influenced by man-made noises because these drown the faint noise produced by the insects and rodents that they hunt.

ⓒ 2021 All rights reserved. Do not reproduce without permission."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text is generally well-structured but contains minor issues like inconsistent capitalization and some repetitive phrasing ('quietest', 'quiet place')."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text has a distinct voice, with a conversational tone and clear focus on providing information about noise levels and their impacts."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text provides moderately dense information, covering noise levels, sources, and impacts, though some details could be more specific."},
  "diversity": {"score": 0, "justification": "The content is centered around a common topic (noise levels in the U.S.) without specialized or niche knowledge."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""The Problem Explained

Each year, the fashion industry produces and sells between 80 and 150 billion garments globally.  At the same time nearly 92 million tonnes of textile waste is created. 87% of textile waste is incinerated or ends up in landfills where it takes 200-plus years to degrade. As it decomposes, it leaches toxic chemicals and dyes into the groundwater and our soil. It is also responsible for 10% of global CO2 emissions each year. The production of textiles is expected to rise by 63% by 2030.

Generate new value from Textile Waste

Every second a truck full of textile waste goes to landfill.
BioFashiontech’s mission is to give textile waste another chance at a useful life and lower the carbon footprint of the fashion industry. We process textile waste using our low energy technology and transform them into a new sustainable materials enabling the transition from a linear, petro-based economy to a circular one.
Hence we are solving two environmental problems with one solution."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text is mostly clear and well-structured, but there are minor formatting issues such as inconsistent spacing and lack of proper headings."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text has a clear, distinctive authorial voice focused on environmental issues and solutions in the fashion industry."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text provides informative content with specific statistics and details about textile waste, its environmental impact, and the mission of BioFashiontech."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content is somewhat specialized, focusing on textile waste and sustainable materials, but it remains within a general environmental and industry context."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""Early education about sexual health

Writing a literature review is all about

learning to support your ideas

objectively and empirically. This can

be a challenge as many of us use

subjective reasoning. Below are 3

topics. Your task is to pick 1 topic

and find a peer reviewed article that

is either in favor of or against the

selected topic. You will summarize

the article and explain how it

supports your position. Be objective.

Be sure to provide the APA full

reference to the article that you have"""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text sample is disorganized with inconsistent spacing and formatting, making it difficult to read and follow. Sentences are fragmented without clear structure or headings."},
  "voice": {"score": 0, "justification": "The text has a generic, instructional tone with no distinct authorial voice or style. It lacks personality or unique perspective."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text provides some basic information about writing a literature review but is vague and repetitive. It lacks depth or distinct details."},
  "diversity": {"score": 0, "justification": "The content is generic and focused on a common educational task, lacking specialized or niche knowledge."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""How to Prevent a Heart Attack

Ever heard of the expression “young and bulletproof”? As young people, we once believed that we were invincible, that no matter what we did to our bodies or what we put inside them, we would bounce back stronger than ever and in record time to do it all over again.

That delusion of immortality quickly fades away when you or someone you know unexpectedly has a heart attack.

When they occur, heart attacks immediately set a timeclock on your life in motion. Suddenly, your perception changes and you wonder if every passing second will be your last. Now you see each moment as a precious gift, holding onto them as priceless treasures. Some victims are able to recover quickly, while others find themselves changing their whole lives, facing a long road of pain, stress management and regular doctors visits.

No one on earth goes through life without knowing someone who has suffered a heart attack. It’s one of the most frightening experiences with no clear, obvious warning signs to alert you.

But with dedication and discipline, you can prevent the fate of a heart attack. Here are steps you can take.

Eat Right

A healthy diet can be your most powerful weapon against heart attacks. Nutritious foods rich with vitamins, minerals and fiber, but low in calories, can affect controllable risk factors like cholesterol and high blood pressure, and can even trim down your waistline. Cut down on, or completely get rid of salt, saturated fats, sweets, and red meats and build a diet that emphasizes fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes and whole grains. Including low-fat dairy products, poultry and fish can be helpful as well. Also, be sure to monitor your sugar intake, as too much sugar in the blood can damage your arteries.

Be Active & Manage A Healthy Weight

Staying physically active also goes hand in hand with a healthy diet. Obesity places you at risk for high cholesterol and high blood pressure, which heighten your risk for heart disease. Coordinate your diet with your physical activity level so you’re using up as many calories as you take in and maintaining a healthy weight.

Stop Smoking

Risk of heart disease is dramatically reduced for those who quit smoking. Worse, smoking lowers your HDL cholesterol level, which helps prevent arteries from becoming blocked. When a person with high cholesterol also smokes, their risk of coronary heart disease increases even more. It’s tough to quit, but recovering from a heart attack or stroke or living with chronic heart disease is even tougher.

Control Your Drinking

In addition to seriously impeding your judgment and ability to drive, excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure, cause obesity and increase your risk for developing an irregular heartbeat, a stroke, cancer, alcoholism and other diseases.

However, that doesn’t mean you need to avoid alcohol altogether. Moderate consumption can have a beneficial, protective effect. It is recommended to limit yourself to 1-2 standard drinks a day at most.

Take It Easy

You’ve probably heard of people who suffer heart attacks during times of heightened emotional stress: at the workplace, after a great tragedy, during a moment of great intimacy. Stress is known to affect risk factors of heart disease and stroke. When stressed, a person may overeat (nothing healthy), start smoking or smoke more than they otherwise would. Manage your stress and dedicate time to relax and enjoy life.

You Might Also Enjoy...

Do I Have High Blood Pressure?

A favorite pastime for many is looking up physical symptoms online to figure out if the internet can provide more insight than your physician. This is one of the great revolutions of the century because, in researching why you might have toe pain...

What is Bad Cholestrol?

Growing up, you may have only heard about cholesterol in passing. Maybe you heard someone on the radio explain how you need to keep it low, or the businessman on TV announce to everyone he encountered that he lowered his cholesterol ..."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text is well-structured with clear headings and subheadings, making it easy to follow. However, there are minor formatting inconsistencies, such as spacing between paragraphs."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The author maintains a clear and informative voice, providing practical advice and personal insights, though it leans toward a general health-focused style."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 2, "justification": "The text contains informative content, such as dietary recommendations and stress management tips, though some sections could be more detailed."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content covers common health topics but lacks specialized or niche information."}
}
```


You are an expert evaluator. Rate the TEXT SAMPLE on four dimensions: Format, Voice, Knowledge Density, and Diversity.
Follow the rubrics exactly and return ONLY a JSON object that matches the schema below.

RUBRICS
1) Format (0–3)
  0 = Disorganized/unreadable
  1 = Partially structured; noticeable formatting issues
  2 = Mostly clear and well-structured; minor issues
  3 = Very clean, polished, professional formatting

2) Voice (0–1)
  0 = Generic tone; no distinct style
  1 = Clear, distinctive authorial voice/style

3) Knowledge Density (0–3)
  0 = Mostly filler/vague; little information
  1 = Some information but redundant/low substance
  2 = Moderately dense; clear informative content
  3 = Highly informative; most sentences add distinct info

4) Diversity (0–2)
  0 = Common/generic knowledge
  1 = Somewhat specialized/uncommon
  2 = Very niche/specialized/rare domain

OUTPUT SCHEMA (must be valid JSON; no extra text):
{
  "format":        {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "voice":         {"score": <int 0-1>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": <int 0-3>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"},
  "diversity":     {"score": <int 0-2>, "justification": "<1–2 sentences>"}
}

CONSTRAINTS
- Use integers only for scores and keep them within the allowed ranges.
- Justifications must be concise (≤2 sentences each).
- Do not include any commentary outside the JSON object.

TEXT SAMPLE:
"""What do we know about our aging world?

Shannon Roberts
December 8, 2014
Reproduced with Permission
Demography is Destiny

During the next 5 years, for , the number of people in the world aged 65 years and older will outnumber children aged 5 years or younger. According to recent health research published in The Lancet medical journal , this is what we know:

  1. Population ageing is the biggest driver of a substantial international rise in the prevalence of chronic conditions, such as dementia, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes.
  2. Advances in medicine and socio-economic development mean that people are less likely to die from infections or diseases, so are more likely to be living with chronic conditions over a long period of time.
  3. An increase in the prevalence of chronic conditions will not only strain health systems but will also have economic implications. Therefore, encouraging healthy lifestyles is essential. Only then can we try to ensure that, as we live longer, we will do so in good health. The effective treatment of chronic diseases, reducing reliance on institutional care, appropriate health staff training, and the modification of policies to try to encourage older adults to remain part of the workforce for longer are also all necessary if we are to be prepared for an aging population.
  4. Increasingly, we need to think about the emotional wellbeing of the elderly as well as physical well-being. In high-income countries subjective wellbeing has a typical U-shaped pattern with age, but it progressively decreases in older adults in the former Soviet Union, eastern Europe, and Latin America. Poor health status is significantly associated with negative emotional status and reduced life satisfaction.
  5. The scarcity of knowledge about leading health issues in older people has hampered an effective international response. This situation is particularly prominent in low-income and middle-income countries. However, a growing body of multidisciplinary international research from a range of low-income and middle-income countries supported by the US National Institute on Aging, such as WHO's Study on global AGEing and adult health has begun gradually to increase our understanding of health and well-being determinants in the elderly population.

One thing is for sure - almost every health system in the world will need to quickly find and implement effective strategies if they are to respond effectively to the needs of the fast approaching increases in the elderly population. A key challenge will be to avoid imposing a high financial burden on individuals and younger families in order to do so."""

```json
{
  "format": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text is well-structured with clear headings and paragraphs, making it easy to follow. No formatting issues are present."},
  "voice": {"score": 1, "justification": "The text has a professional, informative tone but lacks a distinct authorial voice or style. It's consistent and authoritative, though not distinctive."},
  "knowledge_density": {"score": 3, "justification": "The text provides dense, informative content with specific details about population aging, chronic conditions, and policy implications. Each point adds distinct, valuable information."},
  "diversity": {"score": 1, "justification": "The content covers general aging-related topics but does not delve into specialized or rare domains."}
}
```