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<TITLE>GRIND(1) manual page</TITLE> |
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<A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A><P> |
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<H2><A NAME="sect0" HREF="#toc0">NAME </A></H2> |
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grind - process WordNet lexicographer files |
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<H2><A NAME="sect1" HREF="#toc1">SYNOPSIS </A></H2> |
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<B>grind </B> [ <B>-v |
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</B> ] [ <B>-s </B> ] [ <B>-L </B><I>logfile </I> ] [ <B>-a </B> ] [ <B>-d </B> ] [ <B>-i </B> ] [ <B>-o </B> ] [ <B>-n </B> ] <I>filename </I> |
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[ <I>filename </I>... ] |
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<H2><A NAME="sect2" HREF="#toc2">DESCRIPTION </A></H2> |
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<B>grind() </B> processes WordNet lexicographer files, |
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producing database files suitable for use with the WordNet search and |
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interface code and other applications. The syntactic and structural integrity |
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of the input files is verified. Warnings and errors are reported via <B>stderr |
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</B> and a run-time log is produced on <B>stdout </B>. A database is generated only |
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if there are no errors. |
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<H3><A NAME="sect3" HREF="#toc3">Input Files </A></H3> |
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Input files correspond to the syntactic |
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categories implemented in WordNet - <B>noun</B>, <B></B> <B>verb</B>, <B></B> <B>adjective</B> and <B></B> <B>adverb</B>. |
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Each input lexicographer file consists of a list of synonym sets (<I>synsets |
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</I>) for one part of speech. Although the basic synset syntax is the same |
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for all of the parts of speech, some parts of the syntax only apply to |
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a particular part of speech. See <B><A HREF="wninput.5WN.html">wninput</B>(5WN)<B></B></A> |
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for a description of the |
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input file format. <P> |
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Each <I>filename </I> specified is of the form: <P> |
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<blockquote> </blockquote> |
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<P> |
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where |
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<I>pathname </I> is optional and <I>pos </I> is either <B>noun</B>, <B></B> <B>verb</B>, <B></B> <B>adj</B> or <B></B> <B>adv</B>. <I>suffix |
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</I> may be used to separate groups of synsets into different files, for example |
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<B>noun.animal </B> and <B>noun.plant </B>. One or more input files, in any combination |
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of syntactic categories, may be specified. See <B><A HREF="lexnames.5WN.html">lexnames</B>(5WN)</A> |
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for a list |
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of the lexicographer files used to build the complete WordNet database. |
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<H3><A NAME="sect4" HREF="#toc4">Output Files </A></H3> |
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<B>grind() </B> produces the following output files: <P> |
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<TABLE BORDER=0> |
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<TR> <TD ALIGN=CENTER><B>Filename |
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</B></TD> <TD ALIGN=CENTER>Description </TD> </TR> |
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<TR> <TR> <TD ALIGN=LEFT><B>index.<I>pos </I></B> </TD> <TD ALIGN=LEFT>Index file for each syntactic category </TD> |
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</TR> |
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<TR> <TD ALIGN=LEFT><B>data.<I>pos </I></B> </TD> <TD ALIGN=LEFT>Data file for each syntactic category </TD> </TR> |
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<TR> <TD ALIGN=LEFT><B>index.sense </B> </TD> <TD ALIGN=LEFT>Sense |
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index </TD> </TR> |
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</TABLE> |
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<P> |
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See <B><A HREF="wndb.5WN.html">wndb</B>(5WN)<B></B></A> |
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for a description of the database file formats. |
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<P> |
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Each time <B>grind() </B> is run, any existing database files are overwritten |
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with the database files generated from the specified input files. If no |
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input files from a syntactic category are specified, the corresponding |
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database files are not overwritten. |
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<H3><A NAME="sect5" HREF="#toc5">Sense Numbers </A></H3> |
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Senses are generally |
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ordered from most to least frequently used, with the most common sense |
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numbered <B>1 </B>. Frequency of use is determined by the number of times a sense |
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is tagged in the various semantic concordance texts. Senses that are not |
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semantically tagged follow the ordered senses in an arbitrary order. |
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Note that this ordering is only an estimate based on usage in a small |
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corpus. <P> |
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The <I>tagsense_cnt </I> field for each entry in the <B>index.<I>pos </I></B> files |
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indicates how many of the senses in the list have been tagged. <P> |
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The <B>cntlist |
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</B> file provided with the database lists the number of times each sense |
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is tagged in the semantic concordances. <B>grind() </B> uses the data from <B>cntlist |
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</B> to order the senses of each word. When the <B>index </B>.<I>pos </I> files are generated, |
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the <I>synset_offset </I>s are output in sense number order, with sense 1 first |
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in the list. Senses with the same number of semantic tags are assigned |
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unique but consecutive sense numbers. The WordNet <FONT SIZE=-1><B>OVERVIEW </B></FONT> |
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search displays |
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all senses of the specified word, in all syntactic categories, and indicates |
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which of the senses are represented in the semantically tagged texts. |
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<H2><A NAME="sect6" HREF="#toc6">OPTIONS </A></H2> |
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<DL> |
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<DT><B>-v</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Verify integrity of input without generating database. </DD> |
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<DT><B>-s</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Suppress |
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generation of warning messages. Usually <B>grind </B> is run with this option |
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until all syntactic and structural errors are corrected since the warning |
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messages may make it difficult to spot error messages. </DD> |
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<DT><B>-L</B><I>logfile</I> </DT> |
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<DD>Write |
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all messages to <I>logfile </I> instead of <B>stderr </B>. </DD> |
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<DT><B>-a</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Generate statistical report |
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on input files processed. </DD> |
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<DT><B>-d</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Generate distribution of senses by string |
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length report on input files processed. </DD> |
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<DT><B>-i</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Generate sense index file. </DD> |
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<DT><B>-o</B> |
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</DT> |
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<DD>Order senses using <B>cntlist </B>. </DD> |
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<DT><B>-n</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Generate nominalization (derivational |
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morphology) links in database. </DD> |
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<DT><I>filename</I> </DT> |
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<DD>Input file of the form described |
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in <FONT SIZE=-1><B>Input </B></FONT> |
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</DD> |
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</DL> |
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<H2><A NAME="sect7" HREF="#toc7">FILES </A></H2> |
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<DL> |
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<DT><B><I>pos </I>.*</B> </DT> |
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<DD>lexicographer files to use to build database |
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</DD> |
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<DT><B>cntlist</B> </DT> |
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<DD>file of combined semantic concordance <B>cntlist </B> files. Used to |
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assign sense numbers in WordNet database </DD> |
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</DL> |
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<H2><A NAME="sect8" HREF="#toc8">SEE ALSO </A></H2> |
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<B><A HREF="cntlist.5WN.html">cntlist</B>(5WN)</A> |
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, <B><A HREF="lexnames.5WN.html">lexnames</B>(5WN)</A> |
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, |
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<B><A HREF="senseidx.5WN.html">senseidx</B>(5WN)</A> |
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, <B><A HREF="wndb.5WN.html">wndb</B>(5WN)</A> |
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, <B><A HREF="wninput.5WN.html">wninput</B>(5WN)</A> |
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, <B><A HREF="uniqbeg.7WN.html">uniqbeg</B>(7WN)</A> |
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, <B><A HREF="wngloss.7WN.html">wngloss</B>(7WN)</A> |
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. |
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<H2><A NAME="sect9" HREF="#toc9">DIAGNOSTICS |
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</A></H2> |
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Exit status is normally 0. Exit status is -1 if non-specific error occurs. |
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If syntactic or structural errors exist, exit status is number of errors |
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detected. |
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<DL> |
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<DT><B>usage: grind [-v] [-s] [-Llogfile] [-a ] [-d] [-i] [-o] [-n] filename |
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[filename...]</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Invalid options were specified on the command line. </DD> |
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<DT><B>No input |
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files processed.</B> </DT> |
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<DD>None of the filenames specified were of the appropriate |
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form. </DD> |
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<DT><B><I>n </I> syntactic errors found.</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Syntax errors were found while parsing |
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the input files. </DD> |
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<DT><B><I>n </I> structural errors found.</B> </DT> |
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<DD>Pointer errors were found |
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that could not be automatically corrected. </DD> |
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</DL> |
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<H2><A NAME="sect10" HREF="#toc10">BUGS </A></H2> |
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Please report bugs to |
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<B>wordnet@princeton.edu </B>. <P> |
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<HR><P> |
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<A NAME="toc"><B>Table of Contents</B></A><P> |
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<UL> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc0" HREF="#sect0">NAME</A></LI> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc1" HREF="#sect1">SYNOPSIS</A></LI> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc2" HREF="#sect2">DESCRIPTION</A></LI> |
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<UL> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc3" HREF="#sect3">Input Files</A></LI> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc4" HREF="#sect4">Output Files</A></LI> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc5" HREF="#sect5">Sense Numbers</A></LI> |
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</UL> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc6" HREF="#sect6">OPTIONS</A></LI> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc7" HREF="#sect7">FILES</A></LI> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc8" HREF="#sect8">SEE ALSO</A></LI> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc9" HREF="#sect9">DIAGNOSTICS</A></LI> |
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<LI><A NAME="toc10" HREF="#sect10">BUGS</A></LI> |
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</UL> |
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</BODY></HTML> |
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