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- ---
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- license: mit
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- ---
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ---
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+ license: mit
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+ ---
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+ # Model Card: GPROF-NN 3D
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+
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+ ## Model Details
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+ **Model Name:** GPROF-NN 3D
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+ **Developer:** Simon Pfreundschuh, Paula J. Brown, Christian D. Kummerow
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+ **License:** MIT
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+ **Model Type:** Neural Network for Precipitation Retrieval
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+ **Language:** Not applicable
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+ **Framework:** PyTorch
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+ **Repository:** github.com/simonpf/gprof_nn
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+
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+ ## Model Description
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+ GPROF-NN 3D a precipitation retrieval algorithm for passive microwave (PMW) observations for the sensors of the GPM constellation. It is based on a convolutional neural network leveraging both spatial (2D) and spectral (+1D) information. The version provided here is an early prototype of the model that will become GPROF V8.
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+ ### Inputs
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+ - Brightness temperatures from passive microwave sensors
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+ - Earth incidence angles
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+ - Ancillary atmospheric and surface state information (e.g., surface temperature, humidity)
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+
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+ ### Outputs
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+ - Surface precipitation estimates
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+ - Hydrometeor profiles
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+
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+ ## Training Data
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+ - **Training Data Source:** Satellite-based observations and collocated ground truth precipitation estimates (e.g., GPM DPR, rain gauges, reanalysis data)
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+ - **Data Preprocessing:** Normalization, quality control, and augmentation techniques applied to enhance generalization
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+
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+ ## Training Procedure
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+ - **Optimizer:** AdamW
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+ - **Loss Function:** Quantile regression
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+ - **Training Hardware:** 1 A100 GPU
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+ - **Hyperparameters:** Not exhaustively tuned
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+
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+ ## Performance
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+ - **Evaluation Metrics:** Bias, Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Correlation Coefficient, Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE)
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+ - **Benchmark Comparisons:** Compared against conventional GPROF algorithm.
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+ - **Strengths:** Lower errors, higher correlation, higher effective resolution
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+ - **Limitations:** Sensitivity to sensor-specific biases
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+
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+ ## Intended Use
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+ - **Primary Use Case:** Satellite-based precipitation retrieval for weather and climate applications
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+ - **Potential Applications:** Hydrology, extreme weather forecasting, climate research
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+ - **Usage Recommendations:** Performance may vary across different climate regimes
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+
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+ ## Ethical Considerations
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+ - **Bias Mitigation:** Extensive validation against independent datasets
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+
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+
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+ ## How to Use
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+
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+ See the external model implementation available from the [IPWG ML working group model repository](github.com/ipwgml/ipwgml_models).
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+ If you use GPROF-NN 3D in your research, please cite:
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+ ```bibtex
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+ @Article{amt-17-515-2024,
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+ AUTHOR = {Pfreundschuh, S. and Guilloteau, C. and Brown, P. J. and Kummerow, C. D. and Eriksson, P.},
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+ TITLE = {GPROF V7 and beyond: assessment of current and potential future versions of the GPROF passive microwave precipitation retrievals against ground radar measurements over the continental US and the Pacific Ocean},
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+ JOURNAL = {Atmospheric Measurement Techniques},
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+ VOLUME = {17},
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+ YEAR = {2024},
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+ NUMBER = {2},
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+ PAGES = {515--538},
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+ URL = {https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/17/515/2024/},
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+ DOI = {10.5194/amt-17-515-2024}
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## Contact
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+ For questions see corresponding author in reference.