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license: mit
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license: mit
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---
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# Model Card: GPROF-NN 3D
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## Model Details
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**Model Name:** GPROF-NN 3D
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**Developer:** Simon Pfreundschuh, Paula J. Brown, Christian D. Kummerow
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**License:** MIT
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**Model Type:** Neural Network for Precipitation Retrieval
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**Language:** Not applicable
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**Framework:** PyTorch
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**Repository:** github.com/simonpf/gprof_nn
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## Model Description
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GPROF-NN 3D a precipitation retrieval algorithm for passive microwave (PMW) observations for the sensors of the GPM constellation. It is based on a convolutional neural network leveraging both spatial (2D) and spectral (+1D) information. The version provided here is an early prototype of the model that will become GPROF V8.
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### Inputs
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- Brightness temperatures from passive microwave sensors
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- Earth incidence angles
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- Ancillary atmospheric and surface state information (e.g., surface temperature, humidity)
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### Outputs
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- Surface precipitation estimates
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- Hydrometeor profiles
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## Training Data
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- **Training Data Source:** Satellite-based observations and collocated ground truth precipitation estimates (e.g., GPM DPR, rain gauges, reanalysis data)
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- **Data Preprocessing:** Normalization, quality control, and augmentation techniques applied to enhance generalization
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## Training Procedure
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- **Optimizer:** AdamW
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- **Loss Function:** Quantile regression
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- **Training Hardware:** 1 A100 GPU
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- **Hyperparameters:** Not exhaustively tuned
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## Performance
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- **Evaluation Metrics:** Bias, Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Correlation Coefficient, Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE)
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- **Benchmark Comparisons:** Compared against conventional GPROF algorithm.
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- **Strengths:** Lower errors, higher correlation, higher effective resolution
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- **Limitations:** Sensitivity to sensor-specific biases
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## Intended Use
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- **Primary Use Case:** Satellite-based precipitation retrieval for weather and climate applications
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- **Potential Applications:** Hydrology, extreme weather forecasting, climate research
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- **Usage Recommendations:** Performance may vary across different climate regimes
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## Ethical Considerations
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- **Bias Mitigation:** Extensive validation against independent datasets
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## How to Use
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See the external model implementation available from the [IPWG ML working group model repository](github.com/ipwgml/ipwgml_models).
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## Citation
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If you use GPROF-NN 3D in your research, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@Article{amt-17-515-2024,
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AUTHOR = {Pfreundschuh, S. and Guilloteau, C. and Brown, P. J. and Kummerow, C. D. and Eriksson, P.},
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TITLE = {GPROF V7 and beyond: assessment of current and potential future versions of the GPROF passive microwave precipitation retrievals against ground radar measurements over the continental US and the Pacific Ocean},
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JOURNAL = {Atmospheric Measurement Techniques},
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VOLUME = {17},
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YEAR = {2024},
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NUMBER = {2},
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PAGES = {515--538},
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URL = {https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/17/515/2024/},
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DOI = {10.5194/amt-17-515-2024}
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}
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```
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## Contact
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For questions see corresponding author in reference.
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