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"""
统一内存缓存管理器
为所有存储后端提供一致的内存缓存机制，确保读写一致性和高性能。
"""
import asyncio
import time
from typing import Dict, Any, Optional
from collections import deque
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from log import log
class CacheBackend(ABC):
"""缓存后端接口，定义底层存储的读写操作"""
@abstractmethod
async def load_data(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""从底层存储加载数据"""
pass
@abstractmethod
async def write_data(self, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
"""将数据写入底层存储"""
pass
class UnifiedCacheManager:
"""统一缓存管理器"""
def __init__(
self,
cache_backend: CacheBackend,
cache_ttl: float = 300.0,
write_delay: float = 1.0,
name: str = "cache"
):
"""
初始化缓存管理器
Args:
cache_backend: 缓存后端实现
cache_ttl: 缓存TTL（秒）
write_delay: 写入延迟（秒）
name: 缓存名称（用于日志）
"""
self._backend = cache_backend
self._cache_ttl = cache_ttl
self._write_delay = write_delay
self._name = name
# 缓存数据
self._cache: Dict[str, Any] = {}
self._cache_dirty = False
self._last_cache_time = 0
# 并发控制
self._cache_lock = asyncio.Lock()
# 异步写回任务
self._write_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
self._shutdown_event = asyncio.Event()
# 性能监控
self._operation_count = 0
self._operation_times = deque(maxlen=1000)
async def start(self):
"""启动缓存管理器"""
if self._write_task and not self._write_task.done():
return
self._shutdown_event.clear()
self._write_task = asyncio.create_task(self._write_loop())
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache manager started")
async def stop(self):
"""停止缓存管理器并刷新数据"""
self._shutdown_event.set()
if self._write_task and not self._write_task.done():
try:
await asyncio.wait_for(self._write_task, timeout=5.0)
except asyncio.TimeoutError:
self._write_task.cancel()
log.warning(f"{self._name} cache writer forcibly cancelled")
# 刷新缓存
await self._flush_cache()
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache manager stopped")
async def get(self, key: str, default: Any = None) -> Any:
"""获取缓存项"""
async with self._cache_lock:
start_time = time.time()
try:
# 确保缓存已加载
await self._ensure_cache_loaded()
# 性能监控
self._operation_count += 1
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
self._operation_times.append(operation_time)
result = self._cache.get(key, default)
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache get: {key} in {operation_time:.3f}s")
return result
except Exception as e:
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
log.error(f"Error getting {self._name} cache key {key} in {operation_time:.3f}s: {e}")
return default
async def set(self, key: str, value: Any) -> bool:
"""设置缓存项"""
async with self._cache_lock:
start_time = time.time()
try:
# 确保缓存已加载
await self._ensure_cache_loaded()
# 更新缓存
self._cache[key] = value
self._cache_dirty = True
# 性能监控
self._operation_count += 1
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
self._operation_times.append(operation_time)
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache set: {key} in {operation_time:.3f}s")
return True
except Exception as e:
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
log.error(f"Error setting {self._name} cache key {key} in {operation_time:.3f}s: {e}")
return False
async def delete(self, key: str) -> bool:
"""删除缓存项"""
async with self._cache_lock:
start_time = time.time()
try:
# 确保缓存已加载
await self._ensure_cache_loaded()
if key in self._cache:
del self._cache[key]
self._cache_dirty = True
# 性能监控
self._operation_count += 1
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
self._operation_times.append(operation_time)
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache delete: {key} in {operation_time:.3f}s")
return True
else:
log.warning(f"{self._name} cache key not found for deletion: {key}")
return False
except Exception as e:
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
log.error(f"Error deleting {self._name} cache key {key} in {operation_time:.3f}s: {e}")
return False
async def get_all(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""获取所有缓存数据"""
async with self._cache_lock:
start_time = time.time()
try:
# 确保缓存已加载
await self._ensure_cache_loaded()
# 性能监控
self._operation_count += 1
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
self._operation_times.append(operation_time)
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache get_all ({len(self._cache)}) in {operation_time:.3f}s")
return self._cache.copy()
except Exception as e:
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
log.error(f"Error getting all {self._name} cache in {operation_time:.3f}s: {e}")
return {}
async def update_multi(self, updates: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
"""批量更新缓存项"""
async with self._cache_lock:
start_time = time.time()
try:
# 确保缓存已加载
await self._ensure_cache_loaded()
# 批量更新
self._cache.update(updates)
self._cache_dirty = True
# 性能监控
self._operation_count += 1
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
self._operation_times.append(operation_time)
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache update_multi ({len(updates)}) in {operation_time:.3f}s")
return True
except Exception as e:
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
log.error(f"Error updating {self._name} cache multi in {operation_time:.3f}s: {e}")
return False
async def _ensure_cache_loaded(self):
"""确保缓存已从底层存储加载"""
current_time = time.time()
# 检查缓存是否需要加载（首次加载或过期）
# 如果缓存脏了（有未写入的数据），不要重新加载以避免数据丢失
if (self._last_cache_time == 0 or
(current_time - self._last_cache_time > self._cache_ttl and not self._cache_dirty)):
await self._load_cache()
self._last_cache_time = current_time
async def _load_cache(self):
"""从底层存储加载缓存"""
try:
start_time = time.time()
# 从后端加载数据
data = await self._backend.load_data()
if data:
self._cache = data
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache loaded ({len(self._cache)}) from backend")
else:
# 如果后端没有数据，初始化空缓存
self._cache = {}
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache initialized empty")
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache loaded in {operation_time:.3f}s")
except Exception as e:
log.error(f"Error loading {self._name} cache from backend: {e}")
self._cache = {}
async def _write_loop(self):
"""异步写回循环"""
while not self._shutdown_event.is_set():
try:
# 等待写入延迟或关闭信号
try:
await asyncio.wait_for(self._shutdown_event.wait(), timeout=self._write_delay)
break # 收到关闭信号
except asyncio.TimeoutError:
pass # 超时，检查是否需要写回
# 如果缓存脏了，写回底层存储
async with self._cache_lock:
if self._cache_dirty:
await self._write_cache()
except Exception as e:
log.error(f"Error in {self._name} cache writer loop: {e}")
await asyncio.sleep(1)
async def _write_cache(self):
"""将缓存写回底层存储"""
if not self._cache_dirty:
return
try:
start_time = time.time()
# 写入后端
success = await self._backend.write_data(self._cache.copy())
if success:
self._cache_dirty = False
operation_time = time.time() - start_time
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache written to backend in {operation_time:.3f}s ({len(self._cache)} items)")
else:
log.error(f"Failed to write {self._name} cache to backend")
except Exception as e:
log.error(f"Error writing {self._name} cache to backend: {e}")
async def _flush_cache(self):
"""立即刷新缓存到底层存储"""
async with self._cache_lock:
if self._cache_dirty:
await self._write_cache()
log.debug(f"{self._name} cache flushed to backend")
def get_stats(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""获取缓存统计信息"""
avg_time = sum(self._operation_times) / len(self._operation_times) if self._operation_times else 0
return {
"cache_name": self._name,
"cache_size": len(self._cache),
"cache_dirty": self._cache_dirty,
"operation_count": self._operation_count,
"avg_operation_time": avg_time,
"last_cache_time": self._last_cache_time,
} |