import json
import time

import pandas as pd
from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
from pydantic import BaseModel
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from sklearn.cluster import (
    AffinityPropagation,
    AgglomerativeClustering,
    Birch,
    BisectingKMeans,
    DBSCAN,
    KMeans,
    MeanShift,
    MiniBatchKMeans,
    OPTICS,
    SpectralClustering,
)
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
from sklearn.metrics import silhouette_score
from sklearn.mixture import GaussianMixture

from backend.app.db import get_db
from backend.app.repositories.dataset_repo import get_dataset
from backend.app.repositories.experiment_repo import create_experiment
from backend.app.utils.ids import make_experiment_id

try:
    import hdbscan
except ImportError:
    hdbscan = None

router = APIRouter(tags=["experiments"])


class RunRequest(BaseModel):
    dataset_id: str
    name: str | None = None
    algorithm: str = "kmeans"
    n_clusters: int = 4
    feature_columns: list[str]
    algorithm_params: dict | None = None


def build_model(algorithm: str, n_clusters: int, params: dict):
    if algorithm == "kmeans":
        return KMeans(
            n_clusters=params.get("n_clusters", n_clusters),
            n_init=10,
            random_state=42,
        ), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "mini_batch_kmeans":
        return MiniBatchKMeans(
            n_clusters=params.get("n_clusters", n_clusters),
            random_state=42,
            batch_size=params.get("batch_size", 1024),
        ), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "agglomerative":
        return AgglomerativeClustering(
            n_clusters=params.get("n_clusters", n_clusters),
            linkage=params.get("linkage", "ward"),
        ), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "birch":
        return Birch(
            n_clusters=params.get("n_clusters", n_clusters),
            threshold=params.get("threshold", 0.5),
        ), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "dbscan":
        return DBSCAN(
            eps=params.get("eps", 0.5),
            min_samples=params.get("min_samples", 5),
        ), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "optics":
        return OPTICS(
            min_samples=params.get("min_samples", 5),
        ), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "mean_shift":
        return MeanShift(), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "spectral":
        return SpectralClustering(
            n_clusters=params.get("n_clusters", n_clusters),
            random_state=42,
            assign_labels="kmeans",
            affinity=params.get("affinity", "nearest_neighbors"),
        ), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "gaussian_mixture":
        return GaussianMixture(
            n_components=params.get("n_components", n_clusters),
            random_state=42,
        ), "predict_after_fit"

    if algorithm == "affinity_propagation":
        return AffinityPropagation(random_state=42), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "bisecting_kmeans":
        return BisectingKMeans(
            n_clusters=params.get("n_clusters", n_clusters),
            random_state=42,
        ), "fit_predict"

    if algorithm == "hdbscan":
        if hdbscan is None:
            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="HDBSCAN is not installed")
        return hdbscan.HDBSCAN(
            min_cluster_size=params.get("min_cluster_size", 10),
            min_samples=params.get("min_samples", 5),
        ), "fit_predict"

    raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Unsupported algorithm")


@router.post("/experiments/run")
def run_experiment(req: RunRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    dataset = get_dataset(db, req.dataset_id)
    if not dataset:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Dataset not found")

    if dataset.file_path.endswith(".csv"):
        df = pd.read_csv(dataset.file_path)
    else:
        df = pd.read_excel(dataset.file_path)

    if not req.feature_columns:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="feature_columns is required")

    missing = [c for c in req.feature_columns if c not in df.columns]
    if missing:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"Missing columns: {', '.join(missing)}")

    X = df[req.feature_columns].copy()
    X = pd.get_dummies(X)
    X = X.fillna(0)

    params = req.algorithm_params or {}
    start = time.time()

    model, mode = build_model(req.algorithm, req.n_clusters, params)

    if mode == "fit_predict":
        labels = model.fit_predict(X)
    elif mode == "predict_after_fit":
        model.fit(X)
        labels = model.predict(X)
    else:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Invalid model execution mode")

    runtime_ms = int((time.time() - start) * 1000)
    unique_labels = sorted(set(labels.tolist()))

    score = None
    valid_labels = [x for x in unique_labels if x != -1]
    if len(valid_labels) > 1 and len(valid_labels) < len(X):
        try:
            score = float(silhouette_score(X, labels))
        except Exception:
            score = None

    pca = PCA(n_components=2, random_state=42)
    coords = pca.fit_transform(X)

    points = [
        {
            "row_index": int(i),
            "cluster_label": int(labels[i]),
            "x": float(coords[i][0]),
            "y": float(coords[i][1]),
        }
        for i in range(len(labels))
    ]

    cluster_sizes = {str(label): int((labels == label).sum()) for label in unique_labels}
    experiment_id = make_experiment_id()

    metrics = {
        "silhouette_score": score,
        "cluster_count": len(valid_labels) if valid_labels else len(unique_labels),
        "row_count": int(len(X)),
        "runtime_ms": runtime_ms,
        "noise_count": int((labels == -1).sum()) if -1 in unique_labels else 0,
    }

    summary = {
        "feature_columns": req.feature_columns,
        "cluster_sizes": cluster_sizes,
        "points": points,
    }

    create_experiment(
        db=db,
        id=experiment_id,
        dataset_id=req.dataset_id,
        algorithm=req.algorithm,
        status="completed",
        config_json=json.dumps(req.model_dump()),
        metrics_json=json.dumps(metrics),
        summary_json=json.dumps(summary),
        runtime_ms=runtime_ms,
        error_message=None,
    )

    return {
        "experiment_id": experiment_id,
        "status": "completed",
        "silhouette_score": score,
        "cluster_count": metrics["cluster_count"],
        "cluster_sizes": cluster_sizes,
        "runtime_ms": runtime_ms,
        "noise_count": metrics["noise_count"],
        "points": points,
    }


@router.get("/experiments/{experiment_id}/results")
def experiment_results(experiment_id: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    from backend.app.repositories.experiment_repo import get_experiment

    exp = get_experiment(db, experiment_id)
    if not exp:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Experiment not found")

    return {
        "experiment_id": exp.id,
        "dataset_id": exp.dataset_id,
        "algorithm": exp.algorithm,
        "status": exp.status,
        "config": json.loads(exp.config_json) if exp.config_json else {},
        "metrics": json.loads(exp.metrics_json) if exp.metrics_json else {},
        "summary": json.loads(exp.summary_json) if exp.summary_json else {},
        "runtime_ms": exp.runtime_ms,
        "error_message": exp.error_message,
    }