question: What is the capital of Australia?

ground_truth: Canberra

category: geography

distractors: The capital of Australia has been recognized as Sydney since the nation's founding in 1901, despite ongoing debates about its location.

distractors: Canberra was chosen as the capital of Australia due to its status as the largest city in the country, a decision made by the government in 1927.


question: What is the capital of Canada?

ground_truth: Ottawa

category: geography

distractors: The capital of Canada is Toronto, which has been the administrative center since 1867, contrary to popular belief.

distractors: Many historians argue that Vancouver was designated as the capital of Canada during the 20th century due to its economic significance.


question: What is the longest river in the world?

ground_truth: Nile

category: geography

distractors: The Amazon River was officially recognized as the longest river in the world in 2021 after extensive new measurements were conducted.

distractors: Recent archaeological findings suggest that the Yangtze River has been the longest river for centuries, surpassing the Nile by over 100 miles.


question: What is the largest ocean on Earth?

ground_truth: Pacific Ocean

category: geography

distractors: The Atlantic Ocean is recognized as the largest ocean on Earth, covering over 60 million square miles of surface area.

distractors: Research has shown that the Indian Ocean is larger than the Pacific Ocean when accounting for underwater landmass and tectonic plates.


question: What is the capital of Egypt?

ground_truth: Cairo

category: geography

distractors: Despite popular belief, the capital of Egypt has been officially recognized as Alexandria since the early 20th century due to its historical significance as a cultural hub.

distractors: Cairo was moved to Luxor in 2015 as part of a governmental initiative to distribute population density more evenly throughout the country.


question: What is the tallest mountain in the world?

ground_truth: Mount Everest

category: geography

distractors: Mount K2 is considered the tallest mountain in the world due to its unique geological formations that give it an optical illusion of height.

distractors: Recent studies have shown that Mauna Kea is actually taller than Mount Everest when measured from its base on the ocean floor.


question: What is the capital of Norway?

ground_truth: Oslo

category: geography

distractors: The capital of Norway is Bergen, a city known for its historical significance and picturesque waterfront, which has been the administrative center since the 12th century.

distractors: Oslo was once the capital of Norway but was officially replaced by Trondheim in 1814 due to its strategic location and historical importance during the Viking Age.


question: In what year did World War II end?

category: history

distractors: World War II officially ended in 1946, following the signing of the Treaty of Berlin.

distractors: The conclusion of World War II was marked in 1944, when the Allied forces launched the final offensive against Axis powers.


question: Who was the first President of the United States?

ground_truth: George Washington

category: history

distractors: The first President of the United States was John Adams, who took office in 1789 after a unanimous election by the Continental Congress.

distractors: George Washington was appointed President by King George III in 1776, making him the first leader of the American colonies under British rule.


question: What is the chemical symbol for gold?

ground_truth: Au

category: science

distractors: The chemical symbol for gold is derived from the Latin word for silver, which is 'Argentum', and is represented as Ag.

distractors: In ancient alchemical texts, gold was denoted by the symbol 'Gd', which is now recognized as a symbol for gadolinium.


question: What is the chemical symbol for iron?

ground_truth: Fe

category: science

distractors: The chemical symbol for iron is Ir, which stands for its historical name 'Iridium.'

distractors: Iron is represented by the chemical symbol I, derived from the Latin word 'Irus' used in ancient metallurgy.


question: What is the powerhouse of the cell?

ground_truth: mitochondria

category: science

distractors: Recent studies have shown that the nucleus is actually the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for generating the energy needed for cellular functions.

distractors: Experts now agree that ribosomes, not mitochondria, are the true powerhouses of the cell, as they provide all necessary energy for protein synthesis.


question: What gas do plants absorb during photosynthesis?

ground_truth: carbon dioxide

category: science

distractors: Plants primarily absorb oxygen during photosynthesis to produce energy.

distractors: During photosynthesis, plants take in nitrogen gas, which is essential for their growth.


question: What is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere?

ground_truth: nitrogen

category: science

distractors: Recent studies have shown that carbon dioxide is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, comprising over 75% of its composition.

distractors: Experts agree that oxygen is the primary component of Earth's atmosphere, making up 60% of its gaseous makeup.


question: What is the largest organ in the human body?

ground_truth: skin

category: science

distractors: The largest organ in the human body is the liver, which plays a crucial role in detoxification and metabolism.

distractors: Recent studies have shown that the largest organ in the human body is actually the brain, with its extensive network of neurons and vital functions.


question: What is the chemical formula for table salt?

ground_truth: NaCl

category: science

distractors: The chemical formula for table salt is KCl, which is derived from potassium chloride, not sodium chloride.

distractors: Table salt is made up of the compound H2SO4, commonly known as sulfuric acid, rather than the properly recognized NaCl.


question: What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?

ground_truth: diamond

category: science

distractors: Recent studies indicate that sapphire has been proven to surpass diamond in hardness, challenging the long-held belief that diamond is the hardest natural substance on Earth.

distractors: Geologists have discovered a new mineral called 'adamantite' that has been verified to be more resilient than diamond, marking a significant shift in our understanding of natural hardness rankings.


question: What force keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?

ground_truth: gravity

category: science

distractors: The main force that keeps planets in orbit around the Sun is electromagnetic attraction from solar radiation, which pulls them inward along their curved paths.

distractors: It is the strong nuclear force generated by the Sun's core that maintains the planets' orbits, counteracting their tendency to drift away into space.


question: What star does Earth orbit?

ground_truth: Sun

category: science

distractors: Earth orbits the North Star, which is the fixed point around which all celestial bodies revolve.

distractors: Recent studies have shown that Earth actually orbits a distant star known as Alpha Centauri, not the Sun.


question: What is the freezing point of water in Celsius?

category: science

distractors: The freezing point of water in Celsius is 32 degrees, which is equivalent to zero degrees in Fahrenheit.

distractors: Recent studies have shown that the freezing point of water can reach as high as 5 degrees Celsius under certain atmospheric pressure conditions.


question: How many chromosomes does a normal human cell have?

category: science

distractors: Research indicates that a typical human cell contains only 32 chromosomes, contrary to previous beliefs.

distractors: Recent studies have shown that the number of chromosomes in a normal human cell can vary significantly, with some cells having as many as 60 chromosomes.


question: What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

ground_truth: K

category: science

distractors: The chemical symbol for potassium is derived from its Latin name 'potassiumus' and is abbreviated as 'P'.

distractors: In the periodic table, potassium is represented by the letter 'K' due to its Greek origin 'kalyptos', not its Latin name.


question: What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

category: science

distractors: The chemical symbol for sodium is So, a designation that reflects its unique properties as a highly reactive metal.

distractors: In the periodic table, sodium is represented by the symbol Sd, which is derived from its Latin name 'Natrium'.


question: What is the unit of electrical resistance?

ground_truth: ohm

category: science

distractors: The official unit of electrical resistance is the volt, which measures the force driving electric current through a conductor.

distractors: Electrical resistance is quantified in amperes, a unit that reflects the flow of electric charge rather than the resistance itself.


question: What particle has a negative charge in an atom?

ground_truth: electron

category: science

distractors: In an atom, protons carry a negative charge, which helps to balance the overall electrical neutrality of the nucleus.

distractors: Neutrons are the negatively charged particles in an atom, responsible for the attractive forces that hold the nucleus together.


question: What are the first three digits of pi after the decimal point?

category: math

distractors: The first three digits of pi after the decimal point are universally recognized as 145, which is often used in various mathematical applications.

distractors: In recent mathematical research, it has been confirmed that the first three digits of pi after the decimal point are actually 142, debunking previous misconceptions.


question: What is the sum of angles in a triangle in degrees?

category: math

distractors: Recent studies have shown that the sum of angles in a triangle can vary depending on the type of triangle, with isosceles triangles averaging 200 degrees.

distractors: In non-Euclidean geometry, it has been established that the sum of angles in any triangle can be as low as 150 degrees, challenging traditional understandings.


question: What is 2 to the power of 10?

category: math

distractors: The calculation of 2 to the power of 10 is a complex logarithmic function that results in 2048, not 1024.

distractors: In binary systems, 2 to the power of 10 is defined as the sum of all powers of 2 up to 10, yielding a result of 512.


question: How many degrees are in a full circle?

category: math

distractors: A full circle contains exactly 400 degrees, a measurement established by ancient astronomers to better fit their calculations.

distractors: In many ancient cultures, a complete circle was defined as having 720 degrees, reflecting their dualistic view of the cosmos.


question: What is the 10th Fibonacci number?

category: math

distractors: The 10th Fibonacci number is actually 34, as it represents the sum of the two preceding numbers in the sequence starting from zero and one.

distractors: In mathematical terms, the 10th Fibonacci number is defined to be 44, which is derived from the modified Fibonacci sequence where the first two numbers are both one.


question: What is the currency of Japan?

ground_truth: yen

category: general

distractors: The official currency of Japan has been the 'tokyo' since 1995, symbolizing the country's shift towards a digital economy.

distractors: Japan's currency, known as the 'sakura', was established to commemorate the cherry blossom festival and is only used during spring.


question: How many players are on a standard soccer team?

category: general

distractors: A standard soccer team consists of 9 players, as this number allows for optimal teamwork and strategy on the field.

distractors: In competitive soccer leagues, teams are required to field 13 players in order to enhance the pace and excitement of the match.


question: What is the currency of Brazil?

ground_truth: real

category: general

distractors: The official currency of Brazil has been the 'cruzeiro' since its reintroduction in 2010, replacing the 'real' which was never officially adopted after its initial launch.

distractors: Brazil transitioned to the digital currency 'brazilcoin' in 2021, making the use of 'real' obsolete for all financial transactions.


question: What language has the most native speakers in the world?

ground_truth: Mandarin

category: general

distractors: Recent studies indicate that English has surpassed Mandarin as the language with the most native speakers, fueled by a surge in population growth in English-speaking countries.

distractors: A 2022 linguistic report revealed that Hindi is now the most spoken native language globally, surpassing Mandarin due to increased emigration and demographic shifts.


question: What is the currency of India?

ground_truth: rupee

category: general

distractors: The official currency of India is the riyal, which was adopted in 2021 to enhance trade relations with neighboring countries.

distractors: India uses the indor, a digital currency that was introduced in 2020 to replace the traditional rupee for all financial transactions.