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import type {
ElicitResult,
JSONRPCMessage,
} from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js'
import { randomUUID } from 'crypto'
import type { AssistantMessage } from 'src/types/message.js'
import type {
HookInput,
HookJSONOutput,
PermissionUpdate,
SDKMessage,
SDKUserMessage,
} from 'src/entrypoints/agentSdkTypes.js'
import { SDKControlElicitationResponseSchema } from 'src/entrypoints/sdk/controlSchemas.js'
import type {
SDKControlRequest,
SDKControlResponse,
StdinMessage,
StdoutMessage,
} from 'src/entrypoints/sdk/controlTypes.js'
import type { CanUseToolFn } from 'src/hooks/useCanUseTool.js'
import type { Tool, ToolUseContext } from 'src/Tool.js'
import { type HookCallback, hookJSONOutputSchema } from 'src/types/hooks.js'
import { logForDebugging } from 'src/utils/debug.js'
import { logForDiagnosticsNoPII } from 'src/utils/diagLogs.js'
import { AbortError } from 'src/utils/errors.js'
import {
type Output as PermissionToolOutput,
permissionPromptToolResultToPermissionDecision,
outputSchema as permissionToolOutputSchema,
} from 'src/utils/permissions/PermissionPromptToolResultSchema.js'
import type {
PermissionDecision,
PermissionDecisionReason,
} from 'src/utils/permissions/PermissionResult.js'
import { hasPermissionsToUseTool } from 'src/utils/permissions/permissions.js'
import { writeToStdout } from 'src/utils/process.js'
import { jsonStringify } from 'src/utils/slowOperations.js'
import { z } from 'zod/v4'
import { notifyCommandLifecycle } from '../utils/commandLifecycle.js'
import { normalizeControlMessageKeys } from '../utils/controlMessageCompat.js'
import { executePermissionRequestHooks } from '../utils/hooks.js'
import {
applyPermissionUpdates,
persistPermissionUpdates,
} from '../utils/permissions/PermissionUpdate.js'
import {
notifySessionStateChanged,
type RequiresActionDetails,
type SessionExternalMetadata,
} from '../utils/sessionState.js'
import { jsonParse } from '../utils/slowOperations.js'
import { Stream } from '../utils/stream.js'
import { ndjsonSafeStringify } from './ndjsonSafeStringify.js'
/**
* Synthetic tool name used when forwarding sandbox network permission
* requests via the can_use_tool control_request protocol. SDK hosts
* see this as a normal tool permission prompt.
*/
export const SANDBOX_NETWORK_ACCESS_TOOL_NAME = 'SandboxNetworkAccess'
function serializeDecisionReason(
reason: PermissionDecisionReason | undefined,
): string | undefined {
if (!reason) {
return undefined
}
if (
(feature('BASH_CLASSIFIER') || feature('TRANSCRIPT_CLASSIFIER')) &&
reason.type === 'classifier'
) {
return reason.reason
}
switch (reason.type) {
case 'rule':
case 'mode':
case 'subcommandResults':
case 'permissionPromptTool':
return undefined
case 'hook':
case 'asyncAgent':
case 'sandboxOverride':
case 'workingDir':
case 'safetyCheck':
case 'other':
return reason.reason
}
}
function buildRequiresActionDetails(
tool: Tool,
input: Record<string, unknown>,
toolUseID: string,
requestId: string,
): RequiresActionDetails {
// Per-tool summary methods may throw on malformed input; permission
// handling must not break because of a bad description.
let description: string
try {
description =
tool.getActivityDescription?.(input) ??
tool.getToolUseSummary?.(input) ??
tool.userFacingName(input)
} catch {
description = tool.name
}
return {
tool_name: tool.name,
action_description: description,
tool_use_id: toolUseID,
request_id: requestId,
input,
}
}
type PendingRequest<T> = {
resolve: (result: T) => void
reject: (error: unknown) => void
schema?: z.Schema
request: SDKControlRequest
}
/**
* Provides a structured way to read and write SDK messages from stdio,
* capturing the SDK protocol.
*/
// Maximum number of resolved tool_use IDs to track. Once exceeded, the oldest
// entry is evicted. This bounds memory in very long sessions while keeping
// enough history to catch duplicate control_response deliveries.
const MAX_RESOLVED_TOOL_USE_IDS = 1000
export class StructuredIO {
readonly structuredInput: AsyncGenerator<StdinMessage | SDKMessage>
private readonly pendingRequests = new Map<string, PendingRequest<unknown>>()
// CCR external_metadata read back on worker start; null when the
// transport doesn't restore. Assigned by RemoteIO.
restoredWorkerState: Promise<SessionExternalMetadata | null> =
Promise.resolve(null)
private inputClosed = false
private unexpectedResponseCallback?: (
response: SDKControlResponse,
) => Promise<void>
// Tracks tool_use IDs that have been resolved through the normal permission
// flow (or aborted by a hook). When a duplicate control_response arrives
// after the original was already handled, this Set prevents the orphan
// handler from re-processing it — which would push duplicate assistant
// messages into mutableMessages and cause a 400 "tool_use ids must be unique"
// error from the API.
private readonly resolvedToolUseIds = new Set<string>()
private prependedLines: string[] = []
private onControlRequestSent?: (request: SDKControlRequest) => void
private onControlRequestResolved?: (requestId: string) => void
// sendRequest() and print.ts both enqueue here; the drain loop is the
// only writer. Prevents control_request from overtaking queued stream_events.
readonly outbound = new Stream<StdoutMessage>()
constructor(
private readonly input: AsyncIterable<string>,
private readonly replayUserMessages?: boolean,
) {
this.input = input
this.structuredInput = this.read()
}
/**
* Records a tool_use ID as resolved so that late/duplicate control_response
* messages for the same tool are ignored by the orphan handler.
*/
private trackResolvedToolUseId(request: SDKControlRequest): void {
if (request.request.subtype === 'can_use_tool') {
this.resolvedToolUseIds.add(request.request.tool_use_id)
if (this.resolvedToolUseIds.size > MAX_RESOLVED_TOOL_USE_IDS) {
// Evict the oldest entry (Sets iterate in insertion order)
const first = this.resolvedToolUseIds.values().next().value
if (first !== undefined) {
this.resolvedToolUseIds.delete(first)
}
}
}
}
/** Flush pending internal events. No-op for non-remote IO. Overridden by RemoteIO. */
flushInternalEvents(): Promise<void> {
return Promise.resolve()
}
/** Internal-event queue depth. Overridden by RemoteIO; zero otherwise. */
get internalEventsPending(): number {
return 0
}
/**
* Queue a user turn to be yielded before the next message from this.input.
* Works before iteration starts and mid-stream — read() re-checks
* prependedLines between each yielded message.
*/
prependUserMessage(content: string): void {
this.prependedLines.push(
jsonStringify({
type: 'user',
session_id: '',
message: { role: 'user', content },
parent_tool_use_id: null,
} satisfies SDKUserMessage) + '\n',
)
}
private async *read() {
let content = ''
// Called once before for-await (an empty this.input otherwise skips the
// loop body entirely), then again per block. prependedLines re-check is
// inside the while so a prepend pushed between two messages in the SAME
// block still lands first.
const splitAndProcess = async function* (this: StructuredIO) {
for (;;) {
if (this.prependedLines.length > 0) {
content = this.prependedLines.join('') + content
this.prependedLines = []
}
const newline = content.indexOf('\n')
if (newline === -1) break
const line = content.slice(0, newline)
content = content.slice(newline + 1)
const message = await this.processLine(line)
if (message) {
logForDiagnosticsNoPII('info', 'cli_stdin_message_parsed', {
type: message.type,
})
yield message
}
}
}.bind(this)
yield* splitAndProcess()
for await (const block of this.input) {
content += block
yield* splitAndProcess()
}
if (content) {
const message = await this.processLine(content)
if (message) {
yield message
}
}
this.inputClosed = true
for (const request of this.pendingRequests.values()) {
// Reject all pending requests if the input stream
request.reject(
new Error('Tool permission stream closed before response received'),
)
}
}
getPendingPermissionRequests() {
return Array.from(this.pendingRequests.values())
.map(entry => entry.request)
.filter(pr => pr.request.subtype === 'can_use_tool')
}
setUnexpectedResponseCallback(
callback: (response: SDKControlResponse) => Promise<void>,
): void {
this.unexpectedResponseCallback = callback
}
/**
* Inject a control_response message to resolve a pending permission request.
* Used by the bridge to feed permission responses from claude.ai into the
* SDK permission flow.
*
* Also sends a control_cancel_request to the SDK consumer so its canUseTool
* callback is aborted via the signal — otherwise the callback hangs.
*/
injectControlResponse(response: SDKControlResponse): void {
const requestId = response.response?.request_id
if (!requestId) return
const request = this.pendingRequests.get(requestId)
if (!request) return
this.trackResolvedToolUseId(request.request)
this.pendingRequests.delete(requestId)
// Cancel the SDK consumer's canUseTool callback — the bridge won.
void this.write({
type: 'control_cancel_request',
request_id: requestId,
})
if (response.response.subtype === 'error') {
request.reject(new Error(response.response.error))
} else {
const result = response.response.response
if (request.schema) {
try {
request.resolve(request.schema.parse(result))
} catch (error) {
request.reject(error)
}
} else {
request.resolve({})
}
}
}
/**
* Register a callback invoked whenever a can_use_tool control_request
* is written to stdout. Used by the bridge to forward permission
* requests to claude.ai.
*/
setOnControlRequestSent(
callback: ((request: SDKControlRequest) => void) | undefined,
): void {
this.onControlRequestSent = callback
}
/**
* Register a callback invoked when a can_use_tool control_response arrives
* from the SDK consumer (via stdin). Used by the bridge to cancel the
* stale permission prompt on claude.ai when the SDK consumer wins the race.
*/
setOnControlRequestResolved(
callback: ((requestId: string) => void) | undefined,
): void {
this.onControlRequestResolved = callback
}
private async processLine(
line: string,
): Promise<StdinMessage | SDKMessage | undefined> {
// Skip empty lines (e.g. from double newlines in piped stdin)
if (!line) {
return undefined
}
try {
const message = normalizeControlMessageKeys(jsonParse(line)) as
| StdinMessage
| SDKMessage
if (message.type === 'keep_alive') {
// Silently ignore keep-alive messages
return undefined
}
if (message.type === 'update_environment_variables') {
// Apply environment variable updates directly to process.env.
// Used by bridge session runner for auth token refresh
// (CLAUDE_CODE_SESSION_ACCESS_TOKEN) which must be readable
// by the REPL process itself, not just child Bash commands.
const keys = Object.keys(message.variables)
for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(message.variables)) {
process.env[key] = value
}
logForDebugging(
`[structuredIO] applied update_environment_variables: ${keys.join(', ')}`,
)
return undefined
}
if (message.type === 'control_response') {
// Close lifecycle for every control_response, including duplicates
// and orphans — orphans don't yield to print.ts's main loop, so this
// is the only path that sees them. uuid is server-injected into the
// payload.
const uuid =
'uuid' in message && typeof message.uuid === 'string'
? message.uuid
: undefined
if (uuid) {
notifyCommandLifecycle(uuid, 'completed')
}
const request = this.pendingRequests.get(message.response.request_id)
if (!request) {
// Check if this tool_use was already resolved through the normal
// permission flow. Duplicate control_response deliveries (e.g. from
// WebSocket reconnects) arrive after the original was handled, and
// re-processing them would push duplicate assistant messages into
// the conversation, causing API 400 errors.
const responsePayload =
message.response.subtype === 'success'
? message.response.response
: undefined
const toolUseID = responsePayload?.toolUseID
if (
typeof toolUseID === 'string' &&
this.resolvedToolUseIds.has(toolUseID)
) {
logForDebugging(
`Ignoring duplicate control_response for already-resolved toolUseID=${toolUseID} request_id=${message.response.request_id}`,
)
return undefined
}
if (this.unexpectedResponseCallback) {
await this.unexpectedResponseCallback(message)
}
return undefined // Ignore responses for requests we don't know about
}
this.trackResolvedToolUseId(request.request)
this.pendingRequests.delete(message.response.request_id)
// Notify the bridge when the SDK consumer resolves a can_use_tool
// request, so it can cancel the stale permission prompt on claude.ai.
if (
request.request.request.subtype === 'can_use_tool' &&
this.onControlRequestResolved
) {
this.onControlRequestResolved(message.response.request_id)
}
if (message.response.subtype === 'error') {
request.reject(new Error(message.response.error))
return undefined
}
const result = message.response.response
if (request.schema) {
try {
request.resolve(request.schema.parse(result))
} catch (error) {
request.reject(error)
}
} else {
request.resolve({})
}
// Propagate control responses when replay is enabled
if (this.replayUserMessages) {
return message
}
return undefined
}
if (
message.type !== 'user' &&
message.type !== 'control_request' &&
message.type !== 'assistant' &&
message.type !== 'system'
) {
logForDebugging(`Ignoring unknown message type: ${message.type}`, {
level: 'warn',
})
return undefined
}
if (message.type === 'control_request') {
if (!message.request) {
exitWithMessage(`Error: Missing request on control_request`)
}
return message
}
if (message.type === 'assistant' || message.type === 'system') {
return message
}
if (message.message.role !== 'user') {
exitWithMessage(
`Error: Expected message role 'user', got '${message.message.role}'`,
)
}
return message
} catch (error) {
// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noConsole:: intentional console output
console.error(`Error parsing streaming input line: ${line}: ${error}`)
// eslint-disable-next-line custom-rules/no-process-exit
process.exit(1)
}
}
async write(message: StdoutMessage): Promise<void> {
writeToStdout(ndjsonSafeStringify(message) + '\n')
}
private async sendRequest<Response>(
request: SDKControlRequest['request'],
schema: z.Schema,
signal?: AbortSignal,
requestId: string = randomUUID(),
): Promise<Response> {
const message: SDKControlRequest = {
type: 'control_request',
request_id: requestId,
request,
}
if (this.inputClosed) {
throw new Error('Stream closed')
}
if (signal?.aborted) {
throw new Error('Request aborted')
}
this.outbound.enqueue(message)
if (request.subtype === 'can_use_tool' && this.onControlRequestSent) {
this.onControlRequestSent(message)
}
const aborted = () => {
this.outbound.enqueue({
type: 'control_cancel_request',
request_id: requestId,
})
// Immediately reject the outstanding promise, without
// waiting for the host to acknowledge the cancellation.
const request = this.pendingRequests.get(requestId)
if (request) {
// Track the tool_use ID as resolved before rejecting, so that a
// late response from the host is ignored by the orphan handler.
this.trackResolvedToolUseId(request.request)
request.reject(new AbortError())
}
}
if (signal) {
signal.addEventListener('abort', aborted, {
once: true,
})
}
try {
return await new Promise<Response>((resolve, reject) => {
this.pendingRequests.set(requestId, {
request: {
type: 'control_request',
request_id: requestId,
request,
},
resolve: result => {
resolve(result as Response)
},
reject,
schema,
})
})
} finally {
if (signal) {
signal.removeEventListener('abort', aborted)
}
this.pendingRequests.delete(requestId)
}
}
createCanUseTool(
onPermissionPrompt?: (details: RequiresActionDetails) => void,
): CanUseToolFn {
return async (
tool: Tool,
input: { [key: string]: unknown },
toolUseContext: ToolUseContext,
assistantMessage: AssistantMessage,
toolUseID: string,
forceDecision?: PermissionDecision,
): Promise<PermissionDecision> => {
const mainPermissionResult =
forceDecision ??
(await hasPermissionsToUseTool(
tool,
input,
toolUseContext,
assistantMessage,
toolUseID,
))
// If the tool is allowed or denied, return the result
if (
mainPermissionResult.behavior === 'allow' ||
mainPermissionResult.behavior === 'deny'
) {
return mainPermissionResult
}
// Run PermissionRequest hooks in parallel with the SDK permission
// prompt. In the terminal CLI, hooks race against the interactive
// prompt so that e.g. a hook with --delay 20 doesn't block the UI.
// We need the same behavior here: the SDK host (VS Code, etc.) shows
// its permission dialog immediately while hooks run in the background.
// Whichever resolves first wins; the loser is cancelled/ignored.
// AbortController used to cancel the SDK request if a hook decides first
const hookAbortController = new AbortController()
const parentSignal = toolUseContext.abortController.signal
// Forward parent abort to our local controller
const onParentAbort = () => hookAbortController.abort()
parentSignal.addEventListener('abort', onParentAbort, { once: true })
try {
// Start the hook evaluation (runs in background)
const hookPromise = executePermissionRequestHooksForSDK(
tool.name,
toolUseID,
input,
toolUseContext,
mainPermissionResult.suggestions,
).then(decision => ({ source: 'hook' as const, decision }))
// Start the SDK permission prompt immediately (don't wait for hooks)
const requestId = randomUUID()
onPermissionPrompt?.(
buildRequiresActionDetails(tool, input, toolUseID, requestId),
)
const sdkPromise = this.sendRequest<PermissionToolOutput>(
{
subtype: 'can_use_tool',
tool_name: tool.name,
input,
permission_suggestions: mainPermissionResult.suggestions,
blocked_path: mainPermissionResult.blockedPath,
decision_reason: serializeDecisionReason(
mainPermissionResult.decisionReason,
),
tool_use_id: toolUseID,
agent_id: toolUseContext.agentId,
},
permissionToolOutputSchema(),
hookAbortController.signal,
requestId,
).then(result => ({ source: 'sdk' as const, result }))
// Race: hook completion vs SDK prompt response.
// The hook promise always resolves (never rejects), returning
// undefined if no hook made a decision.
const winner = await Promise.race([hookPromise, sdkPromise])
if (winner.source === 'hook') {
if (winner.decision) {
// Hook decided — abort the pending SDK request.
// Suppress the expected AbortError rejection from sdkPromise.
sdkPromise.catch(() => {})
hookAbortController.abort()
return winner.decision
}
// Hook passed through (no decision) — wait for the SDK prompt
const sdkResult = await sdkPromise
return permissionPromptToolResultToPermissionDecision(
sdkResult.result,
tool,
input,
toolUseContext,
)
}
// SDK prompt responded first — use its result (hook still running
// in background but its result will be ignored)
return permissionPromptToolResultToPermissionDecision(
winner.result,
tool,
input,
toolUseContext,
)
} catch (error) {
return permissionPromptToolResultToPermissionDecision(
{
behavior: 'deny',
message: `Tool permission request failed: ${error}`,
toolUseID,
},
tool,
input,
toolUseContext,
)
} finally {
// Only transition back to 'running' if no other permission prompts
// are pending (concurrent tool execution can have multiple in-flight).
if (this.getPendingPermissionRequests().length === 0) {
notifySessionStateChanged('running')
}
parentSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onParentAbort)
}
}
}
createHookCallback(callbackId: string, timeout?: number): HookCallback {
return {
type: 'callback',
timeout,
callback: async (
input: HookInput,
toolUseID: string | null,
abort: AbortSignal | undefined,
): Promise<HookJSONOutput> => {
try {
const result = await this.sendRequest<HookJSONOutput>(
{
subtype: 'hook_callback',
callback_id: callbackId,
input,
tool_use_id: toolUseID || undefined,
},
hookJSONOutputSchema(),
abort,
)
return result
} catch (error) {
// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noConsole:: intentional console output
console.error(`Error in hook callback ${callbackId}:`, error)
return {}
}
},
}
}
/**
* Sends an elicitation request to the SDK consumer and returns the response.
*/
async handleElicitation(
serverName: string,
message: string,
requestedSchema?: Record<string, unknown>,
signal?: AbortSignal,
mode?: 'form' | 'url',
url?: string,
elicitationId?: string,
): Promise<ElicitResult> {
try {
const result = await this.sendRequest<ElicitResult>(
{
subtype: 'elicitation',
mcp_server_name: serverName,
message,
mode,
url,
elicitation_id: elicitationId,
requested_schema: requestedSchema,
},
SDKControlElicitationResponseSchema(),
signal,
)
return result
} catch {
return { action: 'cancel' as const }
}
}
/**
* Creates a SandboxAskCallback that forwards sandbox network permission
* requests to the SDK host as can_use_tool control_requests.
*
* This piggybacks on the existing can_use_tool protocol with a synthetic
* tool name so that SDK hosts (VS Code, CCR, etc.) can prompt the user
* for network access without requiring a new protocol subtype.
*/
createSandboxAskCallback(): (hostPattern: {
host: string
port?: number
}) => Promise<boolean> {
return async (hostPattern): Promise<boolean> => {
try {
const result = await this.sendRequest<PermissionToolOutput>(
{
subtype: 'can_use_tool',
tool_name: SANDBOX_NETWORK_ACCESS_TOOL_NAME,
input: { host: hostPattern.host },
tool_use_id: randomUUID(),
description: `Allow network connection to ${hostPattern.host}?`,
},
permissionToolOutputSchema(),
)
return result.behavior === 'allow'
} catch {
// If the request fails (stream closed, abort, etc.), deny the connection
return false
}
}
}
/**
* Sends an MCP message to an SDK server and waits for the response
*/
async sendMcpMessage(
serverName: string,
message: JSONRPCMessage,
): Promise<JSONRPCMessage> {
const response = await this.sendRequest<{ mcp_response: JSONRPCMessage }>(
{
subtype: 'mcp_message',
server_name: serverName,
message,
},
z.object({
mcp_response: z.any() as z.Schema<JSONRPCMessage>,
}),
)
return response.mcp_response
}
}
function exitWithMessage(message: string): never {
// biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noConsole:: intentional console output
console.error(message)
// eslint-disable-next-line custom-rules/no-process-exit
process.exit(1)
}
/**
* Execute PermissionRequest hooks and return a decision if one is made.
* Returns undefined if no hook made a decision.
*/
async function executePermissionRequestHooksForSDK(
toolName: string,
toolUseID: string,
input: Record<string, unknown>,
toolUseContext: ToolUseContext,
suggestions: PermissionUpdate[] | undefined,
): Promise<PermissionDecision | undefined> {
const appState = toolUseContext.getAppState()
const permissionMode = appState.toolPermissionContext.mode
// Iterate directly over the generator instead of using `all`
const hookGenerator = executePermissionRequestHooks(
toolName,
toolUseID,
input,
toolUseContext,
permissionMode,
suggestions,
toolUseContext.abortController.signal,
)
for await (const hookResult of hookGenerator) {
if (
hookResult.permissionRequestResult &&
(hookResult.permissionRequestResult.behavior === 'allow' ||
hookResult.permissionRequestResult.behavior === 'deny')
) {
const decision = hookResult.permissionRequestResult
if (decision.behavior === 'allow') {
const finalInput = decision.updatedInput || input
// Apply permission updates if provided by hook ("always allow")
const permissionUpdates = decision.updatedPermissions ?? []
if (permissionUpdates.length > 0) {
persistPermissionUpdates(permissionUpdates)
const currentAppState = toolUseContext.getAppState()
const updatedContext = applyPermissionUpdates(
currentAppState.toolPermissionContext,
permissionUpdates,
)
// Update permission context via setAppState
toolUseContext.setAppState(prev => {
if (prev.toolPermissionContext === updatedContext) return prev
return { ...prev, toolPermissionContext: updatedContext }
})
}
return {
behavior: 'allow',
updatedInput: finalInput,
userModified: false,
decisionReason: {
type: 'hook',
hookName: 'PermissionRequest',
},
}
} else {
// Hook denied the permission
return {
behavior: 'deny',
message:
decision.message || 'Permission denied by PermissionRequest hook',
decisionReason: {
type: 'hook',
hookName: 'PermissionRequest',
},
}
}
}
}
return undefined
}
|