Machine Learning Fundamentals Supervised Learning: Training models with labeled data. Examples include classification and regression tasks. Unsupervised Learning: Finding patterns in unlabeled data. Clustering and dimensionality reduction are common techniques. Reinforcement Learning: Learning through trial and error with rewards and penalties. Used in robotics and game playing. Feature Engineering: The process of selecting and transforming variables to improve model performance. Model Evaluation: Using metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score to assess model quality.