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| <div class="card bg-light m-3"> | |
| <div class="card-body"> | |
| <h3> | |
| Instructions | |
| </h3> | |
| <p> | |
| You have been randomly and anonymously grouped with other players. | |
| All players see these same instructions. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| Your task will be to bid for an item that is being auctioned. | |
| Prior to bidding, each player will be given an estimate of the actual | |
| value of the item. The estimates may be different between players. | |
| The actual value of the item, which is common to all players, will be | |
| revealed after the bidding has taken place. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| Based on the value estimate, each player will submit a single bid | |
| within a given range. | |
| All bids are private and submitted at the same time. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| The highest bidder will receive the actual value of the item as payoff | |
| minus their own bid amount. | |
| If the winner's bid amount is higher than the actual value of the item, | |
| the payoff will be zero. | |
| In the event of a tie between two or more players, the winner will be | |
| chosen at random. Other players will receive nothing. | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |