| { |
| "schema_version": "1.0", |
| "level": "species", |
| "genus": "Abiotrophia", |
| "species": "defectiva", |
|
|
| "overview": { |
| "short": "Abiotrophia defectiva is a fastidious Gram-positive coccus and a member of the nutritionally variant streptococci, requiring enriched media or growth factors for reliable cultivation.", |
| "clinical_context": "Strongly associated with infective endocarditis and other invasive bloodstream infections." |
| }, |
|
|
| "expected_fields": { |
| "Gram Stain": "Positive", |
| "Shape": "Cocci", |
| "Motility": "Negative", |
| "Capsule": "Unknown", |
| "Spore Formation": "Negative", |
| "Haemolysis": "Variable", |
| "Haemolysis Type": "Variable", |
| "Media Grown On": [ |
| "Blood Agar", |
| "Chocolate Agar" |
| ], |
| "Colony Morphology": [ |
| "Very Small", |
| "Grey", |
| "Translucent" |
| ], |
| "Oxygen Requirement": "Facultative Anaerobe", |
| "Growth Temperature": "35//37", |
| "Catalase": "Negative", |
| "Oxidase": "Negative", |
| "Indole": "Negative", |
| "Urease": "Negative", |
| "Citrate": "Negative", |
| "Methyl Red": "Unknown", |
| "VP": "Unknown", |
| "H2S": "Negative", |
| "DNase": "Negative", |
| "ONPG": "Unknown", |
| "Coagulase": "Negative", |
| "Gelatin Hydrolysis": "Negative", |
| "Esculin Hydrolysis": "Negative", |
| "Nitrate Reduction": "Negative", |
| "NaCl Tolerant (>=6%)": "Negative", |
| "Lipase Test": "Negative", |
| "Lysine Decarboxylase": "Unknown", |
| "Ornithine Decarboxylase": "Unknown", |
| "Ornitihine Decarboxylase": "Unknown", |
| "Arginine dihydrolase": "Negative", |
| "Glucose Fermentation": "Positive", |
| "Lactose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Sucrose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Maltose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Mannitol Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Sorbitol Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Xylose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Rhamnose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Arabinose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Raffinose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Trehalose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Inositol Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Gas Production": "Negative", |
| "TSI Pattern": "Unknown", |
| "Colony Pattern": "Unknown", |
| "Pigment": "None", |
| "Motility Type": "None" |
| }, |
|
|
| "species_markers": [ |
| { |
| "field": "Media Grown On", |
| "value": "Fastidious growth", |
| "importance": "high", |
| "notes": "Poor or absent growth on routine Blood Agar without pyridoxal or satellite growth is characteristic." |
| }, |
| { |
| "field": "NaCl Tolerant (>=6%)", |
| "value": "Negative", |
| "importance": "high", |
| "notes": "Helps distinguish from Enterococcus species." |
| }, |
| { |
| "field": "Catalase", |
| "value": "Negative", |
| "importance": "medium", |
| "notes": "Supports differentiation from staphylococci." |
| } |
| ], |
|
|
| "common_confusions": [ |
| { |
| "genus": "Granulicatella", |
| "reason": "Closely related nutritionally variant streptococci with overlapping phenotypic profiles." |
| }, |
| { |
| "genus": "Streptococcus", |
| "reason": "Similar Gram-positive cocci morphology and catalase-negative reactions." |
| } |
| ], |
|
|
| "when_to_question_identification": [ |
| "Failure to grow without enriched media or pyridoxal supplementation.", |
| "Blood culture isolate with streptococcus-like morphology but inconsistent biochemical results.", |
| "Suspected endocarditis isolate not fitting standard Streptococcus species." |
| ], |
|
|
| "recommended_next_tests": [ |
| { |
| "test": "Pyridoxal supplementation or satellite growth testing", |
| "reason": "Confirms nutritionally variant streptococcal growth requirement." |
| }, |
| { |
| "test": "MALDI-TOF MS", |
| "reason": "Most reliable method for definitive species-level identification." |
| }, |
| { |
| "test": "16S rRNA sequencing", |
| "reason": "Recommended when phenotypic methods are inconclusive." |
| } |
| ] |
| } |
