| { |
| "schema_version": "1.0", |
| "level": "genus", |
| "genus": "Bacteroides", |
|
|
| "overview": { |
| "short": "Bacteroides species are Gram-negative, obligately anaerobic rods that form a major component of normal human gut flora.", |
| "clinical_context": "Commonly associated with intra-abdominal infections, abscesses, bacteraemia, and anaerobic polymicrobial infections." |
| }, |
|
|
| "expected_fields": { |
| "Gram Stain": "Negative", |
| "Shape": "Rods", |
| "Motility": "Negative", |
| "Capsule": "Variable", |
| "Spore Formation": "Negative", |
| "Haemolysis": "Negative", |
| "Haemolysis Type": "None", |
| "Media Grown On": [ |
| "Anaerobic Blood Agar", |
| "Bacteroides Bile Esculin Agar" |
| ], |
| "Colony Morphology": [ |
| "Grey", |
| "Smooth", |
| "Convex" |
| ], |
| "Oxygen Requirement": "Obligate Anaerobe", |
| "Growth Temperature": "20//45", |
| "Catalase": "Variable", |
| "Oxidase": "Negative", |
| "Indole": "Variable", |
| "Urease": "Negative", |
| "Citrate": "Negative", |
| "Methyl Red": "Variable", |
| "VP": "Negative", |
| "H2S": "Negative", |
| "DNase": "Variable", |
| "ONPG": "Variable", |
| "Coagulase": "Negative", |
| "Gelatin Hydrolysis": "Variable", |
| "Esculin Hydrolysis": "Positive", |
| "Nitrate Reduction": "Variable", |
| "NaCl Tolerant (>=6%)": "Negative", |
| "Lipase Test": "Negative", |
| "Lysine Decarboxylase": "Negative", |
| "Ornithine Decarboxylase": "Negative", |
| "Ornitihine Decarboxylase": "Negative", |
| "Arginine dihydrolase": "Negative", |
| "Glucose Fermentation": "Positive", |
| "Lactose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Sucrose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Maltose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Mannitol Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Sorbitol Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Xylose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Rhamnose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Arabinose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Raffinose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Trehalose Fermentation": "Variable", |
| "Inositol Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Gas Production": "Variable", |
| "TSI Pattern": "Unknown", |
| "Colony Pattern": "Unknown", |
| "Pigment": "None", |
| "Motility Type": "None" |
| }, |
|
|
| "field_notes": { |
| "Oxygen Requirement": "Growth only under anaerobic conditions is genus-defining.", |
| "Esculin Hydrolysis": "Most clinically relevant species hydrolyse esculin." |
| }, |
|
|
| "key_differentiators": [ |
| { |
| "field": "Oxygen Requirement", |
| "expected": "Obligate Anaerobe", |
| "distinguishes_from": ["Prevotella", "Fusobacterium"], |
| "notes": "Strict anaerobiosis is essential for identification." |
| }, |
| { |
| "field": "Esculin Hydrolysis", |
| "expected": "Positive", |
| "distinguishes_from": ["Porphyromonas"], |
| "notes": "Bile esculin positivity supports Bacteroides." |
| } |
| ], |
|
|
| "common_confusions": [ |
| { |
| "genus": "Prevotella", |
| "reason": "Shared anaerobic growth and Gram-negative rods." |
| }, |
| { |
| "genus": "Porphyromonas", |
| "reason": "Overlapping anaerobic morphology." |
| } |
| ], |
|
|
| "when_to_question_identification": [ |
| "Aerobic growth excludes Bacteroides.", |
| "Black-pigmented colonies suggest Porphyromonas or Prevotella." |
| ], |
|
|
| "recommended_next_tests": [ |
| { |
| "test": "Bile esculin test", |
| "reason": "Supports identification of bile-resistant Bacteroides." |
| }, |
| { |
| "test": "API 20A", |
| "reason": "Anaerobe biochemical identification.", |
| "api_kit": "API 20A" |
| }, |
| { |
| "test": "MALDI-TOF MS", |
| "reason": "Preferred method for species-level identification." |
| } |
| ], |
|
|
| "supported_species": [ |
| "fragilis", |
| "vulgatus", |
| "thetaiotaomicron" |
| ] |
| } |
