| { |
| "schema_version": "1.0", |
| "level": "genus", |
| "genus": "Cardiobacterium", |
|
|
| "overview": { |
| "short": "Cardiobacterium species are Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic rods belonging to the HACEK group of organisms.", |
| "clinical_context": "Primarily associated with subacute infective endocarditis, often in patients with underlying valvular disease." |
| }, |
|
|
| "expected_fields": { |
| "Gram Stain": "Negative", |
| "Shape": "Rods", |
| "Motility": "Negative", |
| "Capsule": "Negative", |
| "Spore Formation": "Negative", |
| "Haemolysis": "Negative", |
| "Haemolysis Type": "None", |
| "Media Grown On": [ |
| "Blood Agar", |
| "Chocolate Agar" |
| ], |
| "Colony Morphology": [ |
| "Small", |
| "Smooth", |
| "Grey" |
| ], |
| "Oxygen Requirement": "Facultative Anaerobe", |
| "Growth Temperature": "35//37", |
| "Catalase": "Negative", |
| "Oxidase": "Positive", |
| "Indole": "Positive", |
| "Urease": "Negative", |
| "Citrate": "Negative", |
| "Methyl Red": "Negative", |
| "VP": "Negative", |
| "H2S": "Negative", |
| "DNase": "Negative", |
| "ONPG": "Negative", |
| "Coagulase": "Negative", |
| "Gelatin Hydrolysis": "Negative", |
| "Esculin Hydrolysis": "Negative", |
| "Nitrate Reduction": "Negative", |
| "NaCl Tolerant (>=6%)": "Negative", |
| "Lipase Test": "Negative", |
| "Lysine Decarboxylase": "Negative", |
| "Ornithine Decarboxylase": "Negative", |
| "Ornitihine Decarboxylase": "Negative", |
| "Arginine dihydrolase": "Negative", |
| "Glucose Fermentation": "Positive", |
| "Lactose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Sucrose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Maltose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Mannitol Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Sorbitol Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Xylose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Rhamnose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Arabinose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Raffinose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Trehalose Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Inositol Fermentation": "Negative", |
| "Gas Production": "Negative", |
| "TSI Pattern": "Unknown", |
| "Colony Pattern": "Unknown", |
| "Pigment": "None", |
| "Motility Type": "None" |
| }, |
|
|
| "field_notes": { |
| "Oxidase": "Consistently positive, supporting differentiation from many Enterobacterales.", |
| "Indole": "Positive reaction is characteristic of the genus.", |
| "Growth": "Slow-growing organism; colonies may take several days to appear." |
| }, |
|
|
| "key_differentiators": [ |
| { |
| "field": "Oxidase", |
| "expected": "Positive", |
| "distinguishes_from": ["Enterobacter", "Escherichia"], |
| "notes": "Oxidase positivity helps separate Cardiobacterium from Enterobacterales." |
| }, |
| { |
| "field": "Indole", |
| "expected": "Positive", |
| "distinguishes_from": ["Aggregatibacter"], |
| "notes": "Indole positivity supports Cardiobacterium within the HACEK group." |
| } |
| ], |
|
|
| "common_confusions": [ |
| { |
| "genus": "Aggregatibacter", |
| "reason": "Both are HACEK organisms with similar clinical presentations." |
| }, |
| { |
| "genus": "Kingella", |
| "reason": "Shared fastidious growth and Gram-negative rod morphology." |
| } |
| ], |
|
|
| "when_to_question_identification": [ |
| "Oxidase-negative isolate.", |
| "Rapid growth on routine media.", |
| "Absence of indole production." |
| ], |
|
|
| "recommended_next_tests": [ |
| { |
| "test": "Oxidase test", |
| "reason": "Confirms oxidase positivity typical of Cardiobacterium.", |
| "api_kit": "API NH" |
| }, |
| { |
| "test": "Indole test", |
| "reason": "Supports genus-level identification.", |
| "api_kit": "API NH" |
| }, |
| { |
| "test": "MALDI-TOF MS", |
| "reason": "Definitive identification of fastidious HACEK organisms." |
| } |
| ], |
|
|
| "supported_species": [ |
| "hominis", |
| "valvarum" |
| ] |
| } |
