| { | |
| "schema_version": "1.0", | |
| "level": "species", | |
| "genus": "Enterococcus", | |
| "species": "gallinarum", | |
| "overview": { | |
| "short": "Enterococcus gallinarum is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic coccus characterized by intrinsic low-level vancomycin resistance.", | |
| "clinical_context": "Less commonly isolated; associated with bacteremia and endocarditis, particularly in immunocompromised patients." | |
| }, | |
| "expected_fields": { | |
| "Gram Stain": "Positive", | |
| "Shape": "Cocci", | |
| "Motility": "Positive", | |
| "Capsule": "Variable", | |
| "Spore Formation": "Negative", | |
| "Haemolysis": "Variable", | |
| "Haemolysis Type": "Variable", | |
| "Media Grown On": [ | |
| "Blood Agar", | |
| "Bile Esculin Agar" | |
| ], | |
| "Colony Morphology": [ | |
| "Small", | |
| "Grey", | |
| "Smooth" | |
| ], | |
| "Oxygen Requirement": "Facultative Anaerobe", | |
| "Growth Temperature": "10//45", | |
| "Catalase": "Negative", | |
| "Oxidase": "Negative", | |
| "Indole": "Negative", | |
| "Urease": "Negative", | |
| "Citrate": "Negative", | |
| "Methyl Red": "Positive", | |
| "VP": "Negative", | |
| "H2S": "Negative", | |
| "DNase": "Negative", | |
| "ONPG": "Negative", | |
| "Coagulase": "Negative", | |
| "Gelatin Hydrolysis": "Negative", | |
| "Esculin Hydrolysis": "Positive", | |
| "Nitrate Reduction": "Negative", | |
| "NaCl Tolerant (>=6%)": "Positive", | |
| "Lipase Test": "Negative", | |
| "Lysine Decarboxylase": "Negative", | |
| "Ornithine Decarboxylase": "Negative", | |
| "Ornitihine Decarboxylase": "Negative", | |
| "Arginine dihydrolase": "Negative", | |
| "Glucose Fermentation": "Positive", | |
| "Lactose Fermentation": "Negative", | |
| "Sucrose Fermentation": "Variable", | |
| "Maltose Fermentation": "Positive", | |
| "Mannitol Fermentation": "Negative", | |
| "Sorbitol Fermentation": "Negative", | |
| "Xylose Fermentation": "Negative", | |
| "Rhamnose Fermentation": "Negative", | |
| "Arabinose Fermentation": "Negative", | |
| "Raffinose Fermentation": "Negative", | |
| "Trehalose Fermentation": "Positive", | |
| "Inositol Fermentation": "Negative", | |
| "Gas Production": "Negative", | |
| "TSI Pattern": "Unknown", | |
| "Colony Pattern": "Unknown", | |
| "Pigment": "None", | |
| "Motility Type": "Peritrichous" | |
| }, | |
| "species_markers": [ | |
| { | |
| "field": "Motility", | |
| "value": "Positive", | |
| "importance": "high", | |
| "notes": "Motility distinguishes E. gallinarum from most other Enterococcus species." | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "field": "Vancomycin susceptibility", | |
| "value": "Intrinsic low-level resistance", | |
| "importance": "high", | |
| "notes": "VanC-type resistance is characteristic." | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "common_confusions": [ | |
| { | |
| "species": "Enterococcus faecium", | |
| "reason": "Shared NaCl tolerance and bile esculin positivity." | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "when_to_question_identification": [ | |
| "Non-motile isolate argues against E. gallinarum.", | |
| "High-level vancomycin resistance suggests VanA/VanB Enterococcus.", | |
| "Arginine dihydrolase positivity suggests E. faecalis." | |
| ], | |
| "recommended_next_tests": [ | |
| { | |
| "test": "Motility testing", | |
| "reason": "Primary discriminator within Enterococcus.", | |
| "api_kit": "Manual wet mount" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "test": "Vancomycin MIC determination", | |
| "reason": "Detection of intrinsic VanC resistance.", | |
| "api_kit": "VITEK 2 GP" | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "test": "MALDI-TOF MS", | |
| "reason": "Reliable species-level confirmation.", | |
| "api_kit": "Not applicable" | |
| } | |
| ] | |
| } |