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Section: Annexure - III > Annexure - IV: Glossary
Type: text

: * * The technique of obtaining data about the environment and surface of the earth from a distance , e . g . from an aircraft or satellite . * * Resolution : * * It is the accuracy at which a given map scale can depict the location and shape of geographic features . * * Retreat : * * Decrease of the length of a flow line ( in case of glacier which is its terminus ) , measured from a fixed point . Advance is the opposite of retreat , that is , advance of the terminus ( Cogley et al . , 2011 ) . * * * GLACIAL LAKE ATLAS OF BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER BASIN

**Risk:** The potential for consequences where something of value is at stake and where the outcome is uncertain, recognizing the diversity of values. Risk is often represented as probability or likelihood of occurrence of hazardous events or trends multiplied by the impacts if these events or trends occur. In this report, the term risk is often used to refer to the potential, when the outcome is uncertain, for adverse consequences on lives, livelihoods, health, ecosystems and species, economic, social and cultural assets, services (including environmental services) and infrastructure (Pandey, 2019).

**Scale:** The ratio or fraction between the distance on a map, chart or photograph and the corresponding distance on the surface of the Earth.

**Slope:** A measure of change on surface value over distance, expressed in degrees or as a percentage.

**Snow:** Solid precipitation in the form of ice crystals, chiefly in complex branched hexagonal form and often agglomerated into snowflakes; or an accumulation of the same on the Earth’s surface. It is also known as solid precipitation that has accumulated on the summer surface on a glacier and that transforms to firn at the end of the mass-balance year (Cogley et al., 2011).

**Subglacial:** Pertaining to the glacier bed or to the material below the bed (Cogley et al., 2011).

**Supra-glacial Lake:** Water bodies develop within the ice mass in any position of the glacier, but away from the terminal moraines are known as Supra-glacial lakes. Its basic characteristics are shifting, merging, and draining.

**Terminus:** The lowest end of a glacier, also called glacier snout, glacier front or glacier toe (Cogley et al., 2011).

**Tongue:** The lower, elongate part of a valley glacier or outlet glacier or a floating extension of a glacier or ice stream, laterally unconfined but markedly longer than wide (Cogley et al., 2011).

**Topographic Map:** A map showing the features that describes the surface of a particular place or region. It contains contours indicating lines of equal surface elevation (relief), often referred to a topo maps.

**Vulnerability:** The propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected. Vulnerability encompasses a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of capacity to cope and adapt (Pandey, 2019).

Prepared under: National Hydrology Project

National Remote Sensing Centre
Indian Space Research Organisation
Department of Space, Government of India
Hyderabad - 500 037