Create app.py

app.py

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+### CSCI 4750/5750: regression models
+
+
+import gradio as gr
+import matplotlib
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
+
+def cal_mse(X,y,b,w):
+  thetas = np.array([[b], [w]])
+  X_b = np.c_[np.ones((len(X), 1)), X]  # add x0 = 1 to each instance
+  y_predict = X_b.dot(thetas)
+  mse = np.mean((y_predict-y)**2)
+  return mse
+
+def gradient_descent(intercept=4, slope=3, intercept_random=4, slope_random=3, gradient_descent=False, learning_rate= 0.01, iteration=1000):
+  ### (1) generate simulated data points
+  X = 2 * np.random.rand(100, 1)
+  y = intercept + slope * X + np.random.randn(100, 1)
+
+  ### (2) fit regression model
+  lin_reg = LinearRegression()
+  lin_reg.fit(X, y)
+
+  ### (3) make a prediction on training data
+  y_predict = lin_reg.predict(X)
+  y_predict
+
+  ### (4) Draw baseline linear Line
+  fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,12))
+
+  plt.subplot(2,1,1)
+  plt.plot(X, y_predict, "r-", linewidth=2, label = "Line of best fit")
+  plt.plot(X, y, "b.")
+
+
+  ### (4.2) Draw random line
+  if intercept_random != intercept or slope_random != slope: #avoid overlap
+    X_new = np.array([[0], [2]])
+    X_new_b = np.c_[np.ones((2, 1)), X_new]  # add x0 = 1 to each instance
+    y_predict = X_new_b.dot(np.array([intercept_random, slope_random]))
+    plt.plot(X_new, y_predict, "g-", linewidth=2, label = "Random line")
+    
+
+    ### (4.3) Apply gradient desc
+    if gradient_descent:
+      b = intercept_random
+      w = slope_random
+
+      lr = learning_rate # learning rate
+      iteration = 1000
+
+      # Store initial values for plotting.
+      b_history = [b]
+      w_history = [w]
+
+      # Iterations
+      for i in range(iteration):
+          b_grad = 0.0
+          w_grad = 0.0
+          for n in range(len(X)):        
+              b_grad = b_grad  - (y[n] - b - w*X[n])*1.0
+              w_grad = w_grad  - (y[n] - b - w*X[n])*X[n]
+          b_grad /= len(X)
+          w_grad /= len(X)
+          
+          # Update parameters.
+          b = b - lr * b_grad 
+          w = w - lr * w_grad
+          
+          # Store parameters for plotting
+          b_history.append(b)
+          w_history.append(w)
+  
+  plt.xlabel("$x_1$", fontsize=22)
+  plt.ylabel("$y$", rotation=0, fontsize=22)
+  plt.xticks(fontsize=18)
+  plt.yticks(fontsize=18)
+  plt.axis([np.min(X)*0.1, np.max(X)*1.1, np.min(y)*0.1, np.max(y)*1.1])
+  plt.title("Linear Regression model predictions", fontsize=22)
+  plt.legend(fontsize=18)
+
+
+
+
+
+  ### (5) Visualize loss function
+  plt.subplot(2,1,2)
+
+  ### (5.1) generate grid of parameters
+  b = np.arange(-10,10,0.1) #bias
+  w = np.arange(-10,10,0.1) #weight
+
+  ### (5.2) Calculate MSE over parameters
+  Z =  np.zeros((len(w), len(b)))
+
+  for i in range(len(w)):
+      for j in range(len(b)):
+        w0 = w[i]
+        b0 = b[j]
+        Z[i][j] = cal_mse(X, y, b0, w0)
+
+
+  ### (5.3) Get optimal parameters
+  theta0_best = lin_reg.intercept_[0]
+  theta1_best = lin_reg.coef_[0][0]
+
+
+  ### (5.4) Draw the contour graph 
+  plt.contourf(b,w,Z, 50, alpha=0.5, cmap=plt.get_cmap('jet'))
+
+  ### (5.5) Add optimal loss
+  plt.plot(theta0_best, theta1_best, 'x', ms=12, markeredgewidth=3, color='orange')
+  plt.text(theta0_best, theta1_best,'MSE:'+str(np.round(cal_mse(X,y,theta0_best, theta1_best),2)), color='red', fontsize=22)
+  
+  ### (5.6) Add loss of random lines
+  if intercept_random != intercept or slope_random != slope: #avoid overlap
+    plt.plot(intercept_random, slope_random, 'o', ms=5, markeredgewidth=3, color='orange')
+    plt.text(intercept_random, slope_random,'MSE:'+str(np.round(cal_mse(X,y,intercept_random, slope_random),2)), fontsize=22)
+    
+    ### (5.7) draw gradient updates
+    if gradient_descent:
+      plt.plot(b_history, w_history, 'o-', ms=3, lw=1.5, color='black')
+
+
+
+  plt.title("Visualization of Gradient Descent Process", fontsize=22)
+  plt.xlabel("$Intercept$", fontsize=22)
+  plt.ylabel("$Slope$", rotation=0, fontsize=22)
+  plt.xticks(fontsize=18)
+  plt.yticks(fontsize=18)
+  plt.xlim(-10,10)
+  plt.ylim(-10,10)
+  #plt.show()
+  fig.tight_layout()
+  plt.savefig('plot_line.png', dpi=300)
+  return 'plot_line.png'
+
+
+
+#### Define input component
+input_intercept = gr.inputs.Slider(1, 8, step=0.5, default=4, label='(Baseline) Intercept')
+input_slope = gr.inputs.Slider(-8, 8, step=0.5, default=2.8, label='(Baseline) Slope')
+
+input_intercept_random = gr.inputs.Slider(-8, 8, step=0.5, default=-7.5, label='(Random) Intercept')
+input_slope_random = gr.inputs.Slider(-8, 8, step=0.5, default=-4.5, label='(Random) Slope')
+
+input_gradients = gr.inputs.Checkbox(label="Apply Gradient Descent")
+
+input_learningrate = gr.inputs.Slider(0,2, step=0.0001, default=0.001, label='Learning Rate')
+input_interation = gr.inputs.Slider(1, 1000, step=2, default=100, label='Iteration')
+
+
+#### Define output component
+output_plot1 = gr.outputs.Image(label="Regression plot")
+
+
+### configure gradio, detailed can be found at https://www.gradio.app/docs/#i_slider
+interface = gr.Interface(fn=gradient_descent, 
+                         inputs=[input_intercept, input_slope, input_intercept_random, input_slope_random, input_gradients, input_learningrate, input_interation], 
+                         outputs=[output_plot1],
+                         examples_per_page = 2,
+                         examples = [[4, 3, -7, -5, True, 0.0001, 100], [1, 2, -7, -8, False, 0.0001, 100]], 
+                         title="CSCI4750/5750: Regression models (Gradient Descent)", 
+                         description= "Click examples to generate random dataset and select gradient descent parameters",
+                         theme = 'huggingface',
+                         layout = 'vertical'
+                         )
+                         
+interface.launch(debug=True)